1
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Williamson DL, Nagy G. Coupling Isotopic Shifts with Collision Cross-Section Measurements for Carbohydrate Characterization in High-Resolution Ion Mobility Separations. Anal Chem 2023; 95:13992-14000. [PMID: 37683280 PMCID: PMC10538943 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c02619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we introduce a two-dimensional strategy to better characterize carbohydrate isomers. In a single experiment, we can derive cyclic ion mobility-mass spectrometry (cIMS-MS)-based collision cross-section (CCS) values in conjunction with measuring isotopic shifts through the relative arrival times of light and heavy isotopologues. These isotopic shifts were introduced by permethylating carbohydrates with either light, CH3, or heavy, CD3, labels at every available hydroxyl group to generate a light/heavy pair of isotopologues for every individual species analyzed. We observed that our calculated CCS values, which were exclusively measured for the light isotopologues, were orthogonal to our measured isotopic shifts (i.e., relative arrival time values between heavy and light permethylated isotopologues). Our permethylation-induced isotopic shifts scaled well with increasing molecular weight, up to ∼m/z 1300, expanding the analysis of isotopic shifts to molecules 3-4 times as large as those previously studied. Our presented use of coupling CCS values with the measurement of isotopic shifts in a single cIMS-MS experiment is a proof-of-concept demonstration that our two-dimensional approach can improve the characterization of challenging isomeric carbohydrates. We envision that our presented 2D approach will have broad utility for varying molecular classes as well as being amenable to many forms of derivatization.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L Williamson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Gabe Nagy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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2
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Huynh HT, Tsai ST, Hsu PJ, Biswas A, Phan HT, Kuo JL, Ni CK, Chiu CC. Collision-induced dissociation of Na +-tagged ketohexoses: experimental and computational studies on fructose. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:20856-20866. [PMID: 36043336 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02313j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Collision-induced dissociation tandem mass spectrometry (CID-MSn) and computational investigation at the MP2/6-311+G(d,p) level of theory have been employed to study Na+-tagged fructose, an example of a ketohexose featuring four cyclic isomers: α-fructofuranose (αFruf), β-fructofuranose (βFruf), α-fructopyranose (αFrup), and β-fructopyranose (βFrup). The four isomers can be separated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and they show different mass spectra, indicating that CID-MSn can distinguish the different fructose forms. Based on a simulation using a micro-kinetic model, we have obtained an overview of the mechanisms for the different dissociation pathways. It has been demonstrated that the preference for the C-C cleavage over the competing isomerization of linear fructose is the main reason for the previously reported differences between the CID-MS spectra of aldohexoses and ketohexoses. In addition, the kinetic modeling helped to confirm the assignment of the different measured mass spectra to the different fructose isomers. The previously reported assignment based on the peak intensities in the HPLC chromatogram had left some open questions as the preference for the dehydration channels did not always follow trends previously observed for aldohexoses. Setting up the kinetic model further enabled us to directly compare the computational and experimental results, which indicated that the model can reproduce most trends in the differences between the dissociation pathways of the four cyclic fructose isomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Thi Huynh
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan. .,Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Ting Tsai
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan. .,Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, 60004, Taiwan
| | - Po-Jen Hsu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Anik Biswas
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan. .,Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Huu Trong Phan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan. .,Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Lai Kuo
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan. .,Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan.,International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology (NTU-MST), National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Kung Ni
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan. .,Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chau Chiu
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan. .,Center for Theoretical and Computational Physics, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
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3
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Wong HTK, Chen X, Zhang S, Lui TY, Hu D, Chan TWD. Tandem Mass Spectrometry for Structural Characterization of Doubly-Charged N-Linked Glycopeptides. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2022; 33:1458-1464. [PMID: 35762588 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.2c00143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Three dissociation methods, including collision-induced dissociation (CID), electron capture dissociation (ECD), and electronic excitation dissociation (EED), were systematically compared for structural characterization of doubly charged glycopeptide. CID produced distinctively different tandem mass spectra for glycopeptide adducted with different charge carriers. Protonated species produced mainly glycosidic cleavages in high abundance. CID of magnesiated glycopeptide formed more cross-ring cleavages, whereas doubly sodiated species produced cleavages at both glycan and peptide moieties. The effect of charge carriers on the fragmentation in ECD and EED was lower than that in CID. ECD produced mainly peptide backbone cleavages but limited cleavages at the glycan moiety, whereas EED of glycopeptide resulted in extensive fragmentation throughout the molecular ion regardless of the charge carriers. Magnesiated species gave, however, more cross-ring cleavages than other charge carriers did. These results demonstrated that EED of magnesiated species could be used as a one-step dissociation method for comprehensive structural analysis of glycopeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-T Kitty Wong
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, P. R. China
| | - Xiangfeng Chen
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, P. R. China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong 250014, P. R. China
| | - Simin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, P. R. China
| | - T-Y Lui
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, P. R. China
| | - D Hu
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, P. R. China
| | - T-W Dominic Chan
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, P. R. China
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4
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Wong HTK, Chen X, Wu R, Wong YLE, Hung YLW, Chan TWD. Dissociation of Mannose-Rich Glycans Using Collision-Based and Electron-Based Ion Activation Methods. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2022; 33:803-812. [PMID: 35380839 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.1c00385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Three dissociation methods, including collision-induced dissociation (CID), electron capture dissociation (ECD), and electronic excitation dissociation (EED), were evaluated for the dissociation of doubly charged glycans using sodium or magnesium ions as charge carriers. CID produced mainly glycosidic cleavages, although more cross-ring fragment ions could be obtained at higher intensities when magnesium ions were used as charge carriers [M + Mg]2+. The 0,2A3, 0,3A3, and 0,4A3 ions provided structural information on the 3 → 1 and 6 → 1 linkages of the mannoses. Some internal fragment ions, such as 2,4A5_Y3β, were also produced in high abundance, thus providing additional information on the glycan structure. ECD produced limited fragments compared to other dissociation methods when either of the metal ions were used as charge carriers. Cross-ring fragments were obtained in relatively high abundance, with the charge mainly retained on the nonreducing end. EED produced extensive glycosidic and cross-ring cleavages when either metal charge carrier was used. A higher fragmentation efficiency was achieved and more structural-specific fragments were produced when Na+ was used as the charge carrier. Of the 31 possible cross-ring cleavages, including 0,2-, 0,4-, 1,5-, 2,4-, and 3,5-cleavages, 25 were found, thus providing extensive linkage information. A wide range of fragment ions could be obtained in all dissociation methods when Mg2+ was used as the charge carrier. Two specific analytical approaches were found to produce extensively structural-specific information on the glycans studied, namely CID of magnesiated glycans and EED of sodiated glycans. These two methods were selected to further analyze the larger mannose-rich glycans Man6GlcNAc2 and Man8GlcNAc2 and generated extensive structural information.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-T Kitty Wong
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Xiangfeng Chen
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- Shandong Analysis and Test Centre, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong 250014, P. R. China
| | - Ri Wu
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Y-L Elaine Wong
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Y-L Winnie Hung
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - T-W Dominic Chan
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China
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5
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Harvey DJ, Struwe WB, Behrens AJ, Vasiljevic S, Crispin M. Formation and fragmentation of doubly and triply charged ions in the negative ion spectra of neutral N-glycans from viral and other glycoproteins. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:7277-7294. [PMID: 34342671 PMCID: PMC8329908 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03480-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Structural determination of N-glycans by mass spectrometry is ideally performed by negative ion collision-induced dissociation because the spectra are dominated by cross-ring fragments leading to ions that reveal structural details not available by many other methods. Most glycans form [M - H]- or [M + adduct]- ions but larger ones (above approx. m/z 2000) typically form doubly charged ions. Differences have been reported between the fragmentation of singly and doubly charged ions but a detailed comparison does not appear to have been reported. In addition to [M + adduct]- ions (this paper uses phosphate as the adduct) other doubly, triply, and quadruply charged ions of composition [Mn + (H2PO4)n]n- have been observed in mixtures of N-glycans released from viral and other glycoproteins. This paper explores the formation and fragmentation of these different types of multiply charged ions with particular reference to the presence of diagnostic fragments in the CID spectra and comments on how these ions can be used to characterize these glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Harvey
- Oxford Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK.
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK.
| | - Weston B Struwe
- Oxford Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Anna-Janina Behrens
- Oxford Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK
- GlycoEra AG, Grabenstrasse 3, 8952, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Snezana Vasiljevic
- Oxford Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Max Crispin
- Oxford Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Highfield Campus, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
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6
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Paton B, Suarez M, Herrero P, Canela N. Glycosylation Biomarkers Associated with Age-Related Diseases and Current Methods for Glycan Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115788. [PMID: 34071388 PMCID: PMC8198018 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ageing is a complex process which implies the accumulation of molecular, cellular and organ damage, leading to an increased vulnerability to disease. In Western societies, the increase in the elderly population, which is accompanied by ageing-associated pathologies such as cardiovascular and mental diseases, is becoming an increasing economic and social burden for governments. In order to prevent, treat and determine which subjects are more likely to develop these age-related diseases, predictive biomarkers are required. In this sense, some studies suggest that glycans have a potential role as disease biomarkers, as they modify the functions of proteins and take part in intra- and intercellular biological processes. As the glycome reflects the real-time status of these interactions, its characterisation can provide potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for multifactorial diseases. This review gathers the alterations in protein glycosylation profiles that are associated with ageing and age-related diseases, such as cancer, type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome and several chronic inflammatory diseases. Furthermore, the review includes the available techniques for the determination and characterisation of glycans, such as liquid chromatography, electrophoresis, nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrix Paton
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Centre for Omic Sciences, Joint Unit Eurecat-Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Unique Scientific and Technical Infrastructure (ICTS), 43204 Reus, Spain; (B.P.); (N.C.)
| | - Manuel Suarez
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (P.H.)
| | - Pol Herrero
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Centre for Omic Sciences, Joint Unit Eurecat-Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Unique Scientific and Technical Infrastructure (ICTS), 43204 Reus, Spain; (B.P.); (N.C.)
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (P.H.)
| | - Núria Canela
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Centre for Omic Sciences, Joint Unit Eurecat-Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Unique Scientific and Technical Infrastructure (ICTS), 43204 Reus, Spain; (B.P.); (N.C.)
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7
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Habazin S, Štambuk J, Šimunović J, Keser T, Razdorov G, Novokmet M. Mass Spectrometry-Based Methods for Immunoglobulin G N-Glycosylation Analysis. EXPERIENTIA SUPPLEMENTUM (2012) 2021; 112:73-135. [PMID: 34687008 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-76912-3_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry and its hyphenated techniques enabled by the improvements in liquid chromatography, capillary electrophoresis, novel ionization, and fragmentation modes are truly a cornerstone of robust and reliable protein glycosylation analysis. Boost in immunoglobulin G (IgG) glycan and glycopeptide profiling demands for both applied biomedical and research applications has brought many new advances in the field in terms of technical innovations, sample preparation, improved throughput, and confidence in glycan structural characterization. This chapter summarizes mass spectrometry basics, focusing on IgG and monoclonal antibody N-glycosylation analysis on several complexity levels. Different approaches, including antibody enrichment, glycan release, labeling, and glycopeptide preparation and purification, are covered and illustrated with recent breakthroughs and examples from the literature omitting excessive theoretical frameworks. Finally, selected highly popular methodologies in IgG glycoanalytics such as liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization are discussed more thoroughly yet in simple terms making this text a practical starting point either for the beginner in the field or an experienced clinician trying to make sense out of the IgG glycomic or glycoproteomic dataset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siniša Habazin
- Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Genos Ltd., Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jerko Štambuk
- Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Genos Ltd., Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Toma Keser
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Mislav Novokmet
- Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Genos Ltd., Zagreb, Croatia.
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8
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Li Y, Peng Y, Lu H. Advances in Analysis of Linkage Isomers of Sialylated N-Glycans by Mass Spectrometry. ACTA CHIMICA SINICA 2021. [DOI: 10.6023/a21020048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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9
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Pellegrinelli RP, Yue L, Carrascosa E, Warnke S, Ben Faleh A, Rizzo TR. How General Is Anomeric Retention during Collision-Induced Dissociation of Glycans? J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:5948-5951. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c00264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert P. Pellegrinelli
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Moléculaire, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC LCPM, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lei Yue
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Moléculaire, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC LCPM, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eduardo Carrascosa
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Moléculaire, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC LCPM, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Warnke
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Moléculaire, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC LCPM, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ahmed Ben Faleh
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Moléculaire, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC LCPM, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thomas R. Rizzo
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Moléculaire, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC LCPM, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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10
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Separation and preparation of N-glycans based on ammonia-catalyzed release method. Glycoconj J 2020; 37:165-174. [PMID: 32026252 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-020-09909-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The study of carbohydrates requires large amounts of glycans. N-Glycans can be synthesized but generating large quantities of N-glycans with diverse structures remains difficult. In this study, we aimed to obtain large amounts of glycans using an optimized procedure. Two types of reductive N-glycans were released from chicken egg albumin (ovalbumin) and soy protein using an ammonia catalysis method and labeled with benzenesulfonyl hydrazide (BSH). After preliminary separation by preparative HPLC, N-glycan-BSH components were de-labeled separately and reducing N-glycans were recovered. The de-labeled reducing N-glycans were derived with different labeling reagents and further separated and purified with two/multi-dimensional HPLC for various studies. We selected the bifunctional reagent 2-amino-N-(2-aminoethyl)-benzamide (AEAB) as a labeling reagent combined with C18 column for two-dimensional HPLC separation. A total of 21 and 8 N-glycan-AEAB conjugates were obtained from ovalbumin and soy protein, respectively. A reactive primary alkylamine of N-glycan-AEAB conjugates can be effectively immobilized on microarray surfaces, allowing for subsequent functional studies of glycans.
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11
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12
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Lettow M, Mucha E, Manz C, Thomas DA, Marianski M, Meijer G, von Helden G, Pagel K. The role of the mobile proton in fucose migration. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:4637-4645. [PMID: 30826852 PMCID: PMC6611747 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-01657-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Fucose migration reactions represent a substantial challenge in the analysis of fucosylated glycan structures by mass spectrometry. In addition to the well-established observation of transposed fucose residues in glycan-dissociation product ions, recent experiments show that the rearrangement can also occur in intact glycan ions. These results suggest a low-energy barrier for migration of the fucose residue and broaden the relevance of fucose migration to include other types of mass spectrometry experiments, including ion mobility-mass spectrometry and ion spectroscopy. In this work, we utilize cold-ion infrared spectroscopy to provide further insight into glycan scrambling in intact glycan ions. Our results show that the mobility of the proton is a prerequisite for the migration reaction. For the prototypical fucosylated glycans Lewis x and blood group antigen H-2, the formation of adduct ions or the addition of functional groups with variable proton affinity yields significant differences in the infrared spectra. These changes correlate well with the promotion or inhibition of fucose migration through the presence or absence of a mobile proton. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Maike Lettow
- Department of Molecular Physics, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eike Mucha
- Department of Molecular Physics, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Manz
- Department of Molecular Physics, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel A Thomas
- Department of Molecular Physics, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mateusz Marianski
- Department of Molecular Physics, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Hunter College, The City University of New York, 695 Park Ave, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Gerard Meijer
- Department of Molecular Physics, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gert von Helden
- Department of Molecular Physics, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kevin Pagel
- Department of Molecular Physics, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany. .,Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
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13
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Mucha E, Stuckmann A, Marianski M, Struwe WB, Meijer G, Pagel K. In-depth structural analysis of glycans in the gas phase. Chem Sci 2019; 10:1272-1284. [PMID: 30809341 PMCID: PMC6357860 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc05426f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Although there have been substantial improvements in glycan analysis over the past decade, the lack of both high-resolution and high-throughput methods hampers progress in glycomics. This perspective article highlights the current developments of liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, ion-mobility spectrometry and cryogenic IR spectroscopy for glycan analysis and gives a critical insight to their individual strengths and limitations. Moreover, we discuss a novel concept in which ion mobility-mass spectrometry and cryogenic IR spectroscopy is combined in a single instrument such that datasets consisting of m/z, collision cross sections and IR fingerprints can be obtained. This multidimensional data will then be compared to a comprehensive reference library of intact glycans and their fragments to accurately identify unknown glycans on a high-throughput scale with minimal sample requirements. Due to the complementarity of the obtained information, this novel approach is highly diagnostic and also suitable for the identification of larger glycans; however, the workflow and instrumentation is straightforward enough to be implemented into a user-friendly setup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eike Mucha
- Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society , Department of Molecular Physics , Faradayweg 4-6 , 14195 Berlin , Germany . .,Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Freie Universität Berlin , Takustraße 3 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - Alexandra Stuckmann
- Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society , Department of Molecular Physics , Faradayweg 4-6 , 14195 Berlin , Germany . .,Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Freie Universität Berlin , Takustraße 3 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - Mateusz Marianski
- Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society , Department of Molecular Physics , Faradayweg 4-6 , 14195 Berlin , Germany .
| | - Weston B Struwe
- Oxford Glycobiology Institute , Department of Biochemistry , University of Oxford , OX1 3QU Oxford , UK
| | - Gerard Meijer
- Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society , Department of Molecular Physics , Faradayweg 4-6 , 14195 Berlin , Germany .
| | - Kevin Pagel
- Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society , Department of Molecular Physics , Faradayweg 4-6 , 14195 Berlin , Germany . .,Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Freie Universität Berlin , Takustraße 3 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
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14
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Riggs DL, Hofmann J, Hahm HS, Seeberger PH, Pagel K, Julian RR. Glycan Isomer Identification Using Ultraviolet Photodissociation Initiated Radical Chemistry. Anal Chem 2018; 90:11581-11588. [PMID: 30179447 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b02958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Glycans are fundamental biological macromolecules, yet despite their prevalence and recognized importance, a number of unique challenges hinder routine characterization. The multiplicity of OH groups in glycan monomers easily afford branched structures and alternate linkage sites, which can result in isomeric structures that differ by minute details. Herein, radical chemistry is employed in conjunction with mass spectrometry to enable rapid, accurate, and high throughput identification of a challenging series of closely related glycan isomers. The results are compared with analysis by collision-induced dissociation, higher-energy collisional dissociation, and ultraviolet photodissociation (UVPD) at 213 nm. In general, collision-based activation struggles to produce characteristic fragmentation patterns, while UVPD and radical-directed dissociation (RDD) can distinguish all isomers. In the case of RDD, structural differentiation derives from radical mobility and subsequent fragmentation. For glycans, the energetic landscape for radical migration is flat, increasing the importance of the three-dimensional structure. RDD is therefore a powerful and straightforward method for characterizing glycan isomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan L Riggs
- Department of Chemistry , University of California, Riverside , 501 Big Springs Road , Riverside , California 92521 , United States
| | - Johanna Hofmann
- Department of Molecular Physics , Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society , Faradayweg 4-6 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry , Freie Universität Berlin , Takustrasse 3 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - Heung S Hahm
- Department for Biomolecular Systems , Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Am Mühlenberg 1 , 14476 Potsdam , Germany
| | - Peter H Seeberger
- Department for Biomolecular Systems , Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Am Mühlenberg 1 , 14476 Potsdam , Germany
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry , Freie Universität Berlin , Takustrasse 3 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - Kevin Pagel
- Department of Molecular Physics , Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society , Faradayweg 4-6 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry , Freie Universität Berlin , Takustrasse 3 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - Ryan R Julian
- Department of Chemistry , University of California, Riverside , 501 Big Springs Road , Riverside , California 92521 , United States
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15
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The ammonia-catalyzed release of glycoprotein N-glycans. Glycoconj J 2018; 35:411-420. [PMID: 30196374 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-018-9827-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite the great significance of release and analysis of glycans from glycoproteins, the existing N-glycan release methods are undermined by some limitations and deficiencies. The traditional enzymatic protocols feature high N-glycan release specificity but are generally costly and inefficient for some types of N-glycans. The existing chemical methods require harsh reaction conditions or are accompanied by the remarkable formation of by-products. Herein, we describe a versatile chemical method for the release and analysis of N-glycans from glycoproteins. This method differs from the existing methods as only aqueous ammonia is used to catalyze the N-glycan release reactions. Optimization of reaction conditions was performed using RNase B as a model glycoprotein and the obtained results indicated a highest N-glycan yield in ammonia at 60 °C for 16 h. Comparison of this method with traditional enzymatic protocols and recently reported NaClO methods confirmed the good reliability and efficiency of the novel approach. We also successfully applied this method to some complex biological samples, such as Ginkgo seed protein, fetal bovine serum (FBS) and hen egg white, and demonstrated its great compatibility with various neutral N-glycans, core α-1,3-fucosylated N-glycans and sialylated N-glycans. This method is very simple and cost-effective, enabling convenient analysis and large-scale preparation of released reducing N-glycans from various biological samples for structural and functional glycomics studies.
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16
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Wilson D, Daly NL. Venomics: A Mini-Review. High Throughput 2018; 7:E19. [PMID: 30041430 PMCID: PMC6164461 DOI: 10.3390/ht7030019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Venomics is the integration of proteomic, genomic and transcriptomic approaches to study venoms. Advances in these approaches have enabled increasingly more comprehensive analyses of venoms to be carried out, overcoming to some extent the limitations imposed by the complexity of the venoms and the small quantities that are often available. Advances in bioinformatics and high-throughput functional assay screening approaches have also had a significant impact on venomics. A combination of all these techniques is critical for enhancing our knowledge on the complexity of venoms and their potential therapeutic and agricultural applications. Here we highlight recent advances in these fields and their impact on venom analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Wilson
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular, Development of Therapeutics, AITHM, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD 4878, Australia.
| | - Norelle L Daly
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular, Development of Therapeutics, AITHM, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD 4878, Australia.
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17
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Calderon AD, Zhou J, Guan W, Wu Z, Guo Y, Bai J, Li Q, Wang PG, Fang J, Li L. An enzymatic strategy to asymmetrically branched N-glycans. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 15:7258-7262. [PMID: 28832049 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01765k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
An enzymatic strategy was developed to generate asymmetrically branched N-glycans from natural sources by using a panel of glycosidases and glycosyltransferases. Briefly, LacZ β-galactosidase was employed to selectively trim symmetrically branched N-glycans isolated from bovine fetuin. The yielding structures were then converted to asymmetrically branched core structures by robust glycosyltransferase for further extension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angie D Calderon
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
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18
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Evaporative fluorophore labeling of carbohydrates via reductive amination. Talanta 2018; 185:365-369. [PMID: 29759213 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.03.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
As analytical glycomics became to prominence, newer and more efficient sample preparation methods are being developed. Albeit, numerous reductive amination based carbohydrate labeling protocols have been reported in the literature, the preferred way to conduct the reaction is in closed vials. Here we report on a novel evaporative labeling protocol with the great advantage of continuously concentrating the reagents during the tagging reaction, therefore accommodating to reach the optimal reagent concentrations for a wide range of glycan structures in a complex mixture. The optimized conditions of the evaporative labeling process minimized sialylation loss, otherwise representing a major issue in reductive amination based carbohydrate tagging. In addition, complete and uniform dispersion of dry samples was obtained by supplementing the low volume labeling mixtures (several microliters) with the addition of extra solvent (e.g., THF). Evaporative labeling is an automation-friendly glycan labeling method, suitable for standard open 96 well plate format operation.
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19
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Campbell JL, Baba T, Liu C, Lane CS, Le Blanc JCY, Hager JW. Analyzing Glycopeptide Isomers by Combining Differential Mobility Spectrometry with Electron- and Collision-Based Tandem Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2017; 28:1374-1381. [PMID: 28432653 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-017-1663-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Differential mobility spectrometry (DMS) has been employed to separate isomeric species in several studies. Under the right conditions, factors such as separation voltage, temperature, the presence of chemical modifiers, and residence time can combine to provide unique signal channels for isomeric species. In this study, we examined a set of glycopeptide isomers, MUC5AC-3 and MUC5AC-13, which bear an N-acetyl-galactosamine (GalNAc) group on either threonine-3 or threonine-13. When analyzed as a mixture, the resulting MS and MS/MS spectra yield fragmentation patterns that cannot discern these convolved species. However, when DMS is implemented during the analysis of this mixture, two features emerge in the DMS ionogram representing the two glycopeptide isomers. In addition, by locking in DMS parameters at each feature, we could observe several low intensity CID fragments that contain the GalNAc functionality-specific amino acid residues - identifying the DMS separation of each isomer without standards. Besides conventional CID MS/MS, we also implemented electron-capture dissociation (ECD) after DMS separation, and clearly resolved both isomers with this fragmentation method, as well. The electron energy used in these ECD experiments could be tuned to obtain maximum sequence coverage for these glycopeptides; this was critical as these ions were present as doubly protonated species, which are much more difficult to fragment efficiently via electron-transfer dissociation (ETD). Overall, the combination of DMS with electron- or collision-based MS/MS methods provided enhanced separation and sequence coverage for these glycopeptide isomers. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Takashi Baba
- SCIEX, 71 Four Valley Drive, Concord, ON, L4K 4V8, Canada
| | - Chang Liu
- SCIEX, 71 Four Valley Drive, Concord, ON, L4K 4V8, Canada
| | | | | | - James W Hager
- SCIEX, 71 Four Valley Drive, Concord, ON, L4K 4V8, Canada
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20
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Molecular identification in metabolomics using infrared ion spectroscopy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3363. [PMID: 28611404 PMCID: PMC5469762 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03387-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Small molecule identification is a continually expanding field of research and represents the core challenge in various areas of (bio)analytical science, including metabolomics. Here, we unequivocally differentiate enantiomeric N-acetylhexosamines in body fluids using infrared ion spectroscopy, providing orthogonal identification of molecular structure unavailable by standard liquid chromatography/high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry. These results illustrate the potential of infrared ion spectroscopy for the identification of small molecules from complex mixtures.
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21
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Bythell BJ, Abutokaikah MT, Wagoner AR, Guan S, Rabus JM. Cationized Carbohydrate Gas-Phase Fragmentation Chemistry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2017; 28:688-703. [PMID: 27896699 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-016-1530-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the fragmentation chemistry of cationized carbohydrates using a combination of tandem mass spectrometry, regioselective labeling, and computational methods. Our model system is D-lactose. Barriers to the fundamental glyosidic bond cleavage reactions, neutral loss pathways, and structurally informative cross-ring cleavages are investigated. The most energetically favorable conformations of cationized D-lactose were found to be similar. In agreement with the literature, larger group I cations result in structures with increased cation coordination number which require greater collision energy to dissociate. In contrast with earlier proposals, the B n -Y m fragmentation pathways of both protonated and sodium-cationized analytes proceed via protonation of the glycosidic oxygen with concerted glycosidic bond cleavage. Additionally, for the sodiated congeners our calculations support sodiated 1,6-anhydrogalactose B n ion structures, unlike the preceding literature. This affects the subsequent propensity of formation and prediction of B n /Y m branching ratio. The nature of the anomeric center (α/β) affects the relative energies of these processes, but not the overall ranking. Low-energy cross-ring cleavages are observed for the metal-cationized analytes with a retro-aldol mechanism producing the 0,2 A 2 ion from the sodiated forms. Theory and experiment support the importance of consecutive fragmentation processes, particularly for the protonated congeners at higher collision energies. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Bythell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri, St. Louis, MO, 63121, USA.
| | - Maha T Abutokaikah
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri, St. Louis, MO, 63121, USA
| | - Ashley R Wagoner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri, St. Louis, MO, 63121, USA
| | - Shanshan Guan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri, St. Louis, MO, 63121, USA
| | - Jordan M Rabus
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri, St. Louis, MO, 63121, USA
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22
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Rabus JM, Abutokaikah MT, Ross RT, Bythell BJ. Sodium-cationized carbohydrate gas-phase fragmentation chemistry: influence of glycosidic linkage position. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:25643-25652. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp04738j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Gas-phase structure and fragmentation chemistries of isomeric sodium-cationized sugars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan M. Rabus
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Missouri
- St. Louis
- USA
| | | | - Reginald T. Ross
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Missouri
- St. Louis
- USA
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23
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Lareau NM, May JC, McLean JA. Non-derivatized glycan analysis by reverse phase liquid chromatography and ion mobility-mass spectrometry. Analyst 2015; 140:3335-8. [PMID: 25737268 PMCID: PMC4422766 DOI: 10.1039/c5an00152h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A simple method for the analysis of non-derivatized glycans using a reverse phase column on a liquid chromatography-ion mobility-mass spectrometry (LC-IM-MS) instrument. The methodology supports both glycomic and proteomic work flows without the necessity of switching columns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nichole M Lareau
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Innovative Technology, Institute of Chemical Biology, and Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt University, 7330 Stevenson Center, Nashville, TN 37235, USA.
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24
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Development of Monolithic Column Materials for the Separation and Analysis of Glycans. CHROMATOGRAPHY 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/chromatography2010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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25
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Abrahams JL, Packer NH, Campbell MP. Relative quantitation of multi-antennary N-glycan classes: combining PGC-LC-ESI-MS with exoglycosidase digestion. Analyst 2015; 140:5444-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c5an00691k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
In the search for N-glycan disease biomarkers current glycoanalytical methods may not be revealing a complete picture of precious samples, and we may be missing valuable structural information that fall outside analysis windows.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. L. Abrahams
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences
- Macquarie University
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - N. H. Packer
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences
- Macquarie University
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - M. P. Campbell
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences
- Macquarie University
- Sydney
- Australia
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26
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Hofmann J, Struwe WB, Scarff CA, Scrivens JH, Harvey DJ, Pagel K. Estimating collision cross sections of negatively charged N-glycans using traveling wave ion mobility-mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 2014; 86:10789-95. [PMID: 25268221 DOI: 10.1021/ac5028353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Glycosylation is one of the most common post-translational modifications occurring in proteins. A detailed structural characterization of the involved carbohydrates, however, is still one of the greatest challenges in modern glycoproteomics, since multiple regio- and stereoisomers with an identical monosaccharide composition may exist. Recently, ion mobility-mass spectrometry (IM-MS), a technique in which ions are separated according to their mass, charge, and shape, has evolved as a promising technique for the separation and structural analysis of complex carbohydrates. This growing interest is based on the fact that the measured drift times can be converted into collision cross sections (CCSs), which can be compared, implemented into databases, and used as additional search criteria for structural identification. However, most of the currently used commercial IM-MS instruments utilize a nonuniform traveling wave field to propel the ions through the IM cell. As a result, CCS measurements cannot be performed directly and require calibration. Here, we present a calibration data set consisting of over 500 reference CCSs for negatively charged N-glycans and their fragments. Moreover, we show that dextran, already widely used as a calibrant in high performance liquid chromatography, is also a suitable calibrant for CCS estimations. Our data also indicate that a considerably increased error has to be taken into account when reference CCSs acquired in a different drift gas are used for calibration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Hofmann
- Department of Molecular Physics, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society , Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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27
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Jayo RG, Thaysen-Andersen M, Lindenburg PW, Haselberg R, Hankemeier T, Ramautar R, Chen DDY. Simple Capillary Electrophoresis–Mass Spectrometry Method for Complex Glycan Analysis Using a Flow-Through Microvial Interface. Anal Chem 2014; 86:6479-86. [DOI: 10.1021/ac5010212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roxana G. Jayo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Morten Thaysen-Andersen
- Department
of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Petrus W. Lindenburg
- Division
of Analytical Biosciences, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, 2311 EZ Leiden, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, 2333
CC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Rob Haselberg
- Division
of BioAnalytical Chemistry, AIMMS research group BioMolecular Analysis, VU University 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Hankemeier
- Division
of Analytical Biosciences, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, 2311 EZ Leiden, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, 2333
CC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Rawi Ramautar
- Division
of Analytical Biosciences, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, 2311 EZ Leiden, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, 2333
CC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - David D. Y. Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, British Columbia, Canada
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28
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Balonova L, Hernychova L, Bilkova Z. Bioanalytical tools for the discovery of eukaryotic glycoproteins applied to the analysis of bacterial glycoproteins. Expert Rev Proteomics 2014; 6:75-85. [DOI: 10.1586/14789450.6.1.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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29
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Kailemia MJ, Ruhaak LR, Lebrilla CB, Amster IJ. Oligosaccharide analysis by mass spectrometry: a review of recent developments. Anal Chem 2014; 86:196-212. [PMID: 24313268 PMCID: PMC3924431 DOI: 10.1021/ac403969n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - L. Renee Ruhaak
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616
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30
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Abstract
Proteins provide the verbs to biology, and proteomics provides the nouns for their analytical and discovery-driven studies. The term proteomics was coined in the 1990s and deals with the protein complement of the genome-the proteome. Following the classical proteomics era, the development of new mass spectrometric methods for peptide analysis permitted the identification of proteins in peptide mixtures obtained by proteolytic digestion of complex samples, e.g., shotgun proteomics. Since its introduction, shotgun proteomics became the standard technique for the analysis of protein hydrolyzates in a high-throughput way. In this chapter, we provide a survey in shotgun proteomics highlighting instruments and techniques used in modern second and third proteomics generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Cesar Sousa Nogueira
- Proteomics Unit, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Av Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149 Bloco A - sala 542 Cidade Universitária, 21941-909, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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31
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Guerrero A, Lebrilla CB. New strategies for resolving oligosaccharide isomers by exploiting mechanistic and thermochemical aspects of fragment ion formation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY 2013; 354-355:10.1016/j.ijms.2013.05.002. [PMID: 24273436 PMCID: PMC3835204 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijms.2013.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Three complementary experimental approaches for elucidating human milk oligosaccharide (HMOs) isomers by Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR) are described: tandem-MS disruption by double resonance to distinguish different fragmentation pathways, examination of fragment intensity ratios arising from differential alkali metal ion affinities and monitoring competitive fragmentation rates. The interpretation of the fragmentation pattern from a mechanistic and thermochemical point of view permits the assignment of not only pure isomers but, in some cases, mixtures of them. Methodologically the procedures are simple, reliable and rapid making unnecessary both the use of previous separation techniques and tedious chemical modifications of the HMOs. In principle, the rationale can be expanded to resolve other isomeric mixtures of biological nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres Guerrero
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Carlito B. Lebrilla
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Davis, CA 95616, United States
- Corresponding author
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32
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Harvey DJ, Scarff CA, Edgeworth M, Crispin M, Scanlan CN, Sobott F, Allman S, Baruah K, Pritchard L, Scrivens JH. Travelling wave ion mobility and negative ion fragmentation for the structural determination ofN-linked glycans. Electrophoresis 2013; 34:2368-78. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Revised: 03/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Matthew Edgeworth
- Department of Biological Sciences; University of Warwick; Coventry; UK
| | - Max Crispin
- Department of Biochemistry, Oxford Glycobiology Institute; University of Oxford; Oxford; UK
| | - Christopher N. Scanlan
- Department of Biochemistry, Oxford Glycobiology Institute; University of Oxford; Oxford; UK
| | - Frank Sobott
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Proteomics; University of Antwerp; Antwerp; Belgium
| | - Sarah Allman
- Department of Biochemistry, Oxford Glycobiology Institute; University of Oxford; Oxford; UK
| | - Kavitha Baruah
- Department of Biochemistry, Oxford Glycobiology Institute; University of Oxford; Oxford; UK
| | - Laura Pritchard
- Department of Biochemistry, Oxford Glycobiology Institute; University of Oxford; Oxford; UK
| | - James H. Scrivens
- Department of Biological Sciences; University of Warwick; Coventry; UK
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33
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Fellenberg M, Behnken HN, Nagel T, Wiegandt A, Baerenfaenger M, Meyer B. Glycan analysis: scope and limitations of different techniques--a case for integrated use of LC-MS(/MS) and NMR techniques. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 405:7291-305. [PMID: 23852147 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7164-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Revised: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The structure of glycans from glycoproteins is highly relevant for their function. We tightly integrate liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), MS/MS, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data to achieve a complete characterization of even isobaric glycans differing in only one linkage position or in the substitution in one branch. As example, we analyzed ten desialylated underivatized glycans from bovine fibrinogen. The molecules were separated on a PGC column, and LC-MS data allowed an assignment of the compositions of the glycans. MS/MS data of the same glycans allowed elucidation of sequence and to some extent of branching and linkage. All MS/MS fragmentation methods led to multiple dissociations, resulting in several cases in ambiguous data. The MS/MS data were interpreted both by scientists and automatically by software, and the differential results are compared. Additional data from a tight integration of LC-MS and NMR data resulted in a complete structural characterization of the glycans. The acquisition of simple 1D (1)H NMR data led--in combination with LC-MS and MS/MS data--to an unambiguous assignment of the isobaric glycans. Compounds that were not separated in the chromatography could easily be assigned structurally by applying the 3D cross-correlation (3DCC) technology to arrive at NMR spectra of the pure components-without actually separating them. By applying LC-MS, MS/MS, 1D (1)H NMR, and 3DCC together, one can assign glycan structures from glycoconjugates with high confidence affording only 200 pmol of glycan material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meike Fellenberg
- Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 6, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
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34
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Reuel NF, Mu B, Zhang J, Hinckley A, Strano MS. Nanoengineered glycan sensors enabling native glycoprofiling for medicinal applications: towards profiling glycoproteins without labeling or liberation steps. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 41:5744-79. [PMID: 22868627 DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35142k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nanoengineered glycan sensors may help realize the long-held goal of accurate and rapid glycoprotein profiling without labeling or glycan liberation steps. Current methods of profiling oligosaccharides displayed on protein surfaces, such as liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, capillary electrophoresis, and microarray methods, are limited by sample pretreatment and quantitative accuracy. Microarrayed platforms can be improved with methods that better estimate kinetic parameters rather than simply reporting relative binding information. These quantitative glycan sensors are enabled by an emerging class of nanoengineered materials that differ in their mode of signal transduction from traditional methods. Platforms that respond to mass changes include a quartz crystal microbalance and cantilever sensors. Electronic response can be detected from electrochemical, field effect transistor, and pore impedance sensors. Optical methods include fluorescent frontal affinity chromatography, surface plasmon resonance methods, and fluorescent carbon nanotubes. After a very brief primer on glycobiology and its connection to medicine, these emerging systems are critically reviewed for their potential use as core sensors in future glycoprofiling tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nigel F Reuel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Abstract
This chapter describes the utility of ion mobility-mass spectrometry (IM-MS) for the detection and characterization of glycoproteins and associated glycoconjugates. IM-MS provides separations in two dimensions; one on the basis of molecular surface area or structure, and the other on molecular mass which creates the ability to differentiate biomolecular classes and isobaric species. When applied to the characterization of glycoproteins, IM-MS separates peptides from the associated glycans in the same digest without purification, and can also be used to separate different isomeric glycans which is a significant challenge in current glycomic studies. The chapter details the methodologies to use IM-MS for the study of glycans and glycoproteins for an audience ranging from new and potential practitioners to those already utilizing the technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa S Fenn
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
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Zhao SS, Zhong X, Chen DD. Atmospheric pressure ion lens extends the stable operational region of an electrospray ion source for capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry. Electrophoresis 2012; 33:1322-30. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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38
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Zhou W, Håkansson K. Structural Characterization of Carbohydrates by Fourier Transform Tandem Mass Spectrometry. CURR PROTEOMICS 2011; 8:297-308. [PMID: 22389641 PMCID: PMC3289259 DOI: 10.2174/157016411798220826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Fourier transform tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) provides high mass accuracy, high sensitivity, and analytical versatility and has therefore emerged as an indispensable tool for structural elucidation of biomolecules. Glycosylation is one of the most common posttranslational modifications, occurring in ~50% of proteins. However, due to the structural diversity of carbohydrates, arising from non-template driven biosynthesis, achievement of detailed structural insight is highly challenging. This review briefly discusses carbohydrate sample preparation and ionization methods, and highlights recent developments in alternative high-resolution MS/MS strategies, including infrared multiphoton dissociation (IRMPD), electron capture dissociation (ECD), and electron detachment dissociation (EDD), for carbohydrates with a focus on glycans and proteoglycans from mammalian glycoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Kristina Håkansson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Reuel NF, Ahn JH, Kim JH, Zhang J, Boghossian AA, Mahal LK, Strano MS. Transduction of Glycan–Lectin Binding Using Near-Infrared Fluorescent Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Glycan Profiling. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:17923-33. [DOI: 10.1021/ja2074938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nigel F. Reuel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jin-Ho Ahn
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jong-Ho Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 426-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Jingqing Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Ardemis A. Boghossian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Lara K. Mahal
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Michael S. Strano
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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Maxwell EJ, Ratnayake C, Jayo R, Zhong X, Chen DDY. A promising capillary electrophoresis-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry method for carbohydrate analysis. Electrophoresis 2011; 32:2161-6. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2011] [Revised: 05/06/2011] [Accepted: 05/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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41
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An HJ, Lebrilla CB. Structure elucidation of native N- and O-linked glycans by tandem mass spectrometry (tutorial). MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2011; 30:560-578. [PMID: 21656841 DOI: 10.1002/mas.20283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Oligosaccharides play important roles in many biological processes. However, the structural elucidation of oligosaccharides remains a major challenge due to the complexities of their structures. Mass spectrometry provides a powerful method for determining oligosaccharide composition. Tandem mass spectrometry (MS) provides structural information with high sensitivity. Oligosaccharide structures differ from other polymers such as peptides because of the large number of linkage combinations and branching. This complexity makes the analysis of oligosaccharide unique from that of peptides. This tutorial addresses the issue of spectral interpretation of tandem MS under conditions of collision-induced dissociation (CID) and infrared multiphoton dissociation (IRMPD). The proper interpretation of tandem MS data can provide important structural information on different types of oligosaccharides including O- and N-linked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Joo An
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, USA
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42
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Fenn LS, McLean JA. Structural resolution of carbohydrate positional and structural isomers based on gas-phase ion mobility-mass spectrometry. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:2196-205. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cp01414a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Nwosu CC, Strum JS, An HJ, Lebrilla CB. Enhanced detection and identification of glycopeptides in negative ion mode mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 2010; 82:9654-62. [PMID: 21049935 DOI: 10.1021/ac101856r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A combined mass spectrometry (MS) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) approach implemented with matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (MALDI FTICR MS) in the negative ion mode is described for enhanced glycopeptide detection and MS/MS analysis. Positive ion mode MS analysis is widely used for glycopeptide characterization, but the analyses are hampered by potential charge-induced fragmentation of the glycopeptides and poor detection of the glycopeptides harboring sialic acids. Furthermore, tandem MS analysis (MS/MS) via collision-induced dissociation (CID) of glycopeptides in the positive ion mode predominantly yields glycan fragmentation with minimal information to verify the connecting peptide moiety. In this study, glycoproteins such as, bovine lactoferrin (b-LF) for N-glycosylation and kappa casein (k-CN) for O-glycosylation were analyzed in both the positive- and negative ion modes after digestion with bead-immobilized Pronase. For the b-LF analysis, 44 potential N-linked glycopeptides were detected in the positive ion mode while 61 potential N-linked glycopeptides were detected in the negative ion mode. By the same token, more O-linked glycopeptides mainly harboring sialic acids from k-CN were detected in the negative ion mode. The enhanced glycopeptide detection allowed improved site-specific analysis of protein glycosylation and superior to positive ion mode detection. Overall, the negative ion mode approach is aimed toward enhanced N- and O-linked glycopeptide detection and to serve as a complementary tool to positive ion mode MS/MS analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles C Nwosu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
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Smargiasso N, De Pauw E. Optimization of Matrix Conditions for the Control of MALDI In-Source Decay of Permethylated Glycans. Anal Chem 2010; 82:9248-53. [DOI: 10.1021/ac1017452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Smargiasso
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, GIGA-Research, University of Liege, 4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Edwin De Pauw
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, GIGA-Research, University of Liege, 4000, Liege, Belgium
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45
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Cuervo P, Domont GB, De Jesus JB. Proteomics of trypanosomatids of human medical importance. J Proteomics 2010; 73:845-67. [PMID: 20056176 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2009.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2009] [Accepted: 12/18/2009] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Leishmania spp., Trypanosoma cruzi, and Trypanosoma brucei are protozoan parasites that cause a spectrum of fatal human diseases around the world. Recent completion of the genomic sequencing of these parasites has enormous relevance to the study of their biology and the pathogenesis of the diseases they cause because it opens the door to high-throughput proteomic technologies. This review encompasses studies using diverse proteomic approaches with these organisms to describe and catalogue global protein profiles, reveal changes in protein expression during development, elucidate the subcellular localisation of gene products, and evaluate host-parasite interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Cuervo
- Laboratorio de Pesquisa em Leishmaniose, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Siu SO, Lam MPY, Lau E, Yeung WSB, Cox DM, Chu IK. N-linked glycoprotein analysis using dual-extraction ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography and electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. Methods Mol Biol 2010; 600:133-143. [PMID: 19882125 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-60761-454-8_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Although reverse-phase liquid chromatography (RP-LC) is a common technique for peptide separation in shotgun proteomics and glycoproteomics, it often provides unsatisfactory results for the analysis of glycopeptides and glycans. This bias against glycopeptides makes it difficult to study glycoproteins. By coupling mass spectrometry (MS) with a combination of RP-LC and normal-phase (NP)-LC as an integrated front-end separation system, we demonstrate that effective identification and characterization of both peptides and glycopeptides mixtures, and their constituent glycan structures, can be achieved from a single sample injection event.
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Affiliation(s)
- S O Siu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Dai Z, Zhou J, Qiu SJ, Liu YK, Fan J. Lectin-based glycoproteomics to explore and analyze hepatocellular carcinoma-related glycoprotein markers. Electrophoresis 2009; 30:2957-2966. [PMID: 19711376 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200900064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
More and more new diagnostic biomarkers of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have been found in association with advances in the standardization of 2-DE coupled with MS analysis. However, the diagnosis of HCC is still detected in the late stages of the disease, when treatment options are limited and prognosis is poor. The glycosylation of proteins is known to change in tumor cells during the development of HCC as the result of alterations in the levels of glycosyltransferases, such as increased fucosylation of Golgi Protein 73 and alpha-fetoprotein. These structural changes can influence the function or physiochemical properties of a protein, resulting in abnormal cancer cell behavior. Therefore, identification of HCC-related glycoprotein markers and analysis of glycan structural alterations might assist in the early detection of HCC. Here, we summarize lectin-based glycoproteomic strategies for the discovery of relevant biomarkers of HCC. The carbohydrate-binding specificities of different lectins offer a biological affinity approach that complements existing MS capabilities. These strategies involve the enrichment of glycoproteins or glycopeptides by lectins, followed by releasing carbohydrates with peptide-N-glycosidase F or reductive beta-elimination. The obtained glycopeptides are then identified by automated MS/MS and structural analysis of glycans is performed through modern methods such as quadrupole IT-TOF, MALDI-TOF/TOF and lectin microarray. These strategies will lead to faster and more clinically adaptable tests with greater sensitivity and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Dai
- Liver Cancer Institute and Zhong Shan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Liver Cancer Institute and Zhong Shan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Shuang-Jian Qiu
- Liver Cancer Institute and Zhong Shan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yin-Kun Liu
- Liver Cancer Institute and Zhong Shan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jia Fan
- Liver Cancer Institute and Zhong Shan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
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Lattová E, McKenzie EJ, Gruwel MLH, Spicer V, Goldman R, Perreault H. Mass spectrometric study of N-glycans from serum of woodchucks with liver cancer. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2009; 23:2983-2995. [PMID: 19685473 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.4202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Woodchucks have been a preferred lab animal model of chronic hepatitis B viral infection. The model recapitulates the disease progression of HBV infection to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and has documented similarities in protein glycosylation with human HCC. This study examined N-glycans in serum of animals with(out) HCC. Oligosaccharides were released enzymatically using PNGaseF from total serum or from serum partially fractionated by extraction. Two different extraction procedures - reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and solid-phase extraction (SPE) on a cation-exchange/reversed-phase STRATA-XC cartridge - were used with the purpose of confirming glycosylation profiles. Oligosaccharides were analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) after derivatization with phenylhydrazine and/or permethylation. Characteristic fragment ions produced under MS/MS conditions allowed discrimination between isomeric structures of oligosaccharides, including those sialylated with two types of acidic residues. The complementary methods allowed structural characterization of oligosaccharides from various N-glycan classes. Furthermore, to validate results, glycosylation profiles of woodchuck sera were compared to glycans obtained from mouse serum on the same conditions. In summary, we have identified 40 N-glycan structures in the serum of woodchucks and some types of oligosaccharide structures appeared to increase in HCC samples following protease digest. The study provides improved tools for the characterization of N-glycans from total serum in the progression of liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Lattová
- Chemistry Department, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3T 2N2.
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49
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Fenn LS, McLean JA. Simultaneous glycoproteomics on the basis of structure using ion mobility-mass spectrometry. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2009; 5:1298-302. [PMID: 19823744 DOI: 10.1039/b909745g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous glycoproteomic characterization using rapid (mus to ms) structural separations provided by ion mobility-mass spectrometry (IM-MS) is described. Advantages from using both ESI and MALDI ion sources are presented with future implications toward high throughput glycan and glycoconjugate characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa S Fenn
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt Institute of Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt University, 7330 Stevenson Center, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
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50
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Briggs JB, Keck RG, Ma S, Lau W, Jones AJ. An analytical system for the characterization of highly heterogeneous mixtures of N-linked oligosaccharides. Anal Biochem 2009; 389:40-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2009.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2009] [Revised: 02/27/2009] [Accepted: 03/02/2009] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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