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Freire-Fernández F, Reese T, Rhee D, Guan J, Li R, Schaller RD, Schatz GC, Odom TW. Quasi-Random Multimetallic Nanoparticle Arrays. ACS NANO 2023; 17:21905-21911. [PMID: 37870944 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes a nanofabrication procedure that can generate multiscale substrates with quasi-random microregions of nanoparticle arrays having different periodicities and metals. We combine cycles of large-area nanoparticle array fabrication with solvent-assisted wrinkle lithography to mask and etch quasi-random areas of prefabricated nanoparticles to control the fill factors of the arrays. The approach is highly flexible, and parameters, including nanoparticle size and material, array geometry, and fill factor, can be tailored independently. Multimetallic nanoparticle arrays can support surface lattice resonances at fill factors as low as 20% and can function as nanoscale cavities for lasing action with as few as 10% of the nanoparticles in an array. We demonstrated that multimetallic nanoparticle substrates that combine two or three arrays with different periodicities can exhibit lasing responses over visible and near-infrared wavelengths. Our work showcases the robust optical responses of multimetallic and periodic devices for broadband light manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Richard D Schaller
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States of America
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2
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Shen Z, Huang D, Lin X. Dual-band chirality-selective absorbing by plasmonic metasurfaces with breaking mirror and rotational symmetry. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:35730-35741. [PMID: 38017738 DOI: 10.1364/oe.500612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we proposed a state-of-the-art metasurface model that breaks the mirror symmetry and rotation symmetry of the structure. It consists of two-layer rotating gold split rings, and has the capability of chirality-selective absorption for circularly polarized light (CPL) in two bands. The absorption peaks for left- and right- circularly polarized (LCP&RCP) light appeared at 989 nm and 1404 nm, respectively, with the maximum absorptivity of 98.5% and 96.3%, respectively. By changing the rotation angle of the two-layer gold split rings, it could also be designed as a single-band chiral metasurface absorber, which only absorbed RCP light but not LCP light, and the absorptivity of RCP light could be up to 97.4%. Furthermore, we found our designed absorbers had the characteristics of great circular dichroism (CD) and symmetric absorption. The physical mechanism of the selective absorption of CPL by the absorbers may be explained by the current vector analysis. In addition, the absorption peak could be tuned with the changing of the geometrical parameters of the structure. The proposed chirality-selective metasurface absorbers could be used in CD spectral detection, optical communication, optical filtering, and other fields.
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3
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Dai T, Phan T, Wang EW, Kwon S, Son J, Lee M, Fan JA. Snapshot Mueller spectropolarimeter imager. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2023; 9:125. [PMID: 37814609 PMCID: PMC10560212 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-023-00588-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
We introduce an imaging system that can simultaneously record complete Mueller polarization responses for a set of wavelength channels in a single image capture. The division-of-focal-plane concept combines a multiplexed illumination scheme based on Fourier optics together with an integrated telescopic light-field imaging system. Polarization-resolved imaging is achieved using broadband nanostructured plasmonic polarizers as functional pinhole apertures. The recording of polarization and wavelength information on the image sensor is highly interpretable. We also develop a calibration approach based on a customized neural network architecture that can produce calibrated measurements in real-time. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, we use our calibrated system to accurately reconstruct a thin film thickness map from a four-inch wafer. We anticipate that our concept will have utility in metrology, machine vision, computational imaging, and optical computing platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiang Dai
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Thaibao Phan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Evan W. Wang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Soonyang Kwon
- Equipment R&D Team 4, Mechatronics Research, Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd, Gyeonggi-do, 18848 Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehyeon Son
- Equipment R&D Team 4, Mechatronics Research, Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd, Gyeonggi-do, 18848 Republic of Korea
| | - Myungjun Lee
- Equipment R&D Team 4, Mechatronics Research, Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd, Gyeonggi-do, 18848 Republic of Korea
| | - Jonathan A. Fan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
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4
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Perveen A, Movsesyan A, Abubakar SM, Saeed F, Hussain S, Raza A, Xu Y, Subramanian A, Khan Q, Lei W. In-situ Fabricated and Plasmonic Enhanced MACsPbBr3-Polymer Composite Perovskite Film Based UV Photodetector. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.134962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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5
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Ho J, Dong Z, Leong HS, Zhang J, Tjiptoharsono F, Daqiqeh Rezaei S, Goh KCH, Wu M, Li S, Chee J, Wong CPY, Kuznetsov AI, Yang JK. Miniaturizing color-sensitive photodetectors via hybrid nanoantennas toward submicrometer dimensions. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eadd3868. [PMID: 36417508 PMCID: PMC9683717 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add3868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Digital camera sensors use color filters on photodiodes to achieve color selectivity. As the color filters and photosensitive silicon layers are separate elements, these sensors suffer from optical cross-talk, which sets limits to the minimum pixel size. Here, we report hybrid silicon-aluminum nanostructures in the extreme limit of zero distance between color filters and sensors. This design could essentially achieve submicrometer pixel dimensions and minimize the optical cross-talk arising from tilt illuminations. The designed hybrid silicon-aluminum nanostructure has dual functionalities. Crucially, it supports a hybrid Mie-plasmon resonance of magnetic dipole to achieve color-selective light absorption, generating electron hole pairs. Simultaneously, the silicon-aluminum interface forms a Schottky barrier for charge separation and photodetection. This design potentially replaces the traditional dye-based filters for camera sensors at ultrahigh pixel densities with advanced functionalities in sensing polarization and directionality, and UV selectivity via interband plasmons of silicon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfa Ho
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, 138634 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhaogang Dong
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, 138634 Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, 117575 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hai Sheng Leong
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, 138634 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jun Zhang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, 138634 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Febiana Tjiptoharsono
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, 138634 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Soroosh Daqiqeh Rezaei
- Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, 487372 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ken Choon Hwa Goh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, 138634 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mengfei Wu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, 138634 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shiqiang Li
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, 138634 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jingyee Chee
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, 138634 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Calvin Pei Yu Wong
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, 138634 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Arseniy I. Kuznetsov
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, 138634 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joel K. W. Yang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03 Innovis, 138634 Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, 487372 Singapore, Singapore
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6
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Shi S, Lu H, Li Y, Bo S, Li D, Zhao J. Asymmetric nanocavities with wide reflection color gamut for color printing. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 34:025201. [PMID: 36208574 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac988e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Symmetric metal-dielectric-metal (MDM) nanocavities based on Fabry-Perot resonance play a crucial role in transmission colors. However, their reflection color gamuts are generally limited owing to the narrow dip of resonance spectrum. In this work, we propose and fabricate symmetric titanium-indium tin oxide-silver (Ti/ITO/Ag) nanocavities to realize the reflection colors. The experimental and simulation results show that reflection color gamut of the asymmetric nanocavity is wider than that of symmetric MDM nanocavity due to the generation of broader resonance spectral dip. Moreover, a grayscale focused ion beam (FIB) etching method is employed to fabricate the thickness-controlled microstructures, and the etching depth satisfies a linear relationship with the gray value. The reflection color image can be observed by fabricating the ITO layer in the asymmetric MDM nanocavity with grayscale FIB etching method, which is more vivid than the image from fabricated symmetric MDM nanocavities. This work will provide a new way for color printing, color display, and ultra-small anti-counterfeiting technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouhao Shi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Lu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangwu Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuwen Bo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, People's Republic of China
| | - Dikun Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianlin Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, People's Republic of China
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Negm A, Howlader MMR, Belyakov I, Bakr M, Ali S, Irannejad M, Yavuz M. Materials Perspectives of Integrated Plasmonic Biosensors. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7289. [PMID: 36295354 PMCID: PMC9611134 DOI: 10.3390/ma15207289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
With the growing need for portable, compact, low-cost, and efficient biosensors, plasmonic materials hold the promise to meet this need owing to their label-free sensitivity and deep light-matter interaction that can go beyond the diffraction limit of light. In this review, we shed light on the main physical aspects of plasmonic interactions, highlight mainstream and future plasmonic materials including their merits and shortcomings, describe the backbone substrates for building plasmonic biosensors, and conclude with a brief discussion of the factors affecting plasmonic biosensing mechanisms. To do so, we first observe that 2D materials such as graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides play a major role in enhancing the sensitivity of nanoparticle-based plasmonic biosensors. Then, we identify that titanium nitride is a promising candidate for integrated applications with performance comparable to that of gold. Our study highlights the emerging role of polymer substrates in the design of future wearable and point-of-care devices. Finally, we summarize some technical and economic challenges that should be addressed for the mass adoption of plasmonic biosensors. We believe this review will be a guide in advancing the implementation of plasmonics-based integrated biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman Negm
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Matiar M. R. Howlader
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Ilya Belyakov
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Mohamed Bakr
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Shirook Ali
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Technology, Sheridan College, Brampton, ON L6Y 5H9, Canada
| | | | - Mustafa Yavuz
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
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8
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Pertsch P, Kullock R, Gabriel V, Zurak L, Emmerling M, Hecht B. Tunable Nanoplasmonic Photodetectors. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:6982-6987. [PMID: 35998329 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c01772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Visible and infrared photons can be detected with a broadband response via the internal photoeffect. By use of plasmonic nanostructures, i.e., nanoantennas, wavelength selectivity can be introduced to such detectors through geometry-dependent resonances. Also, additional functionality, like electronic responsivity switching and polarization detection, has been realized. However, previous devices consisted of large arrays of nanostructures to achieve detectable photocurrents. Here we show that this concept can be scaled down to a single antenna level, resulting in detector dimensions well below the resonance wavelength of the device. Our design consists of a single electrically connected plasmonic nanoantenna covered with a wide-bandgap semiconductor allowing broadband photodetection in the visible/near-infrared via injection of hot carriers. We demonstrate electrical switching of the color sensitivity as well as polarization detection. Our results hold promise for the realization of ultrasmall photodetectors with advanced functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Pertsch
- NanoOptics & Biophotonics Group, Experimental Physics 5, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - René Kullock
- NanoOptics & Biophotonics Group, Experimental Physics 5, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Vinzenz Gabriel
- NanoOptics & Biophotonics Group, Experimental Physics 5, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Luka Zurak
- NanoOptics & Biophotonics Group, Experimental Physics 5, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Monika Emmerling
- NanoOptics & Biophotonics Group, Experimental Physics 5, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Bert Hecht
- NanoOptics & Biophotonics Group, Experimental Physics 5, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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9
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Wu Z, Zhai Y, Zhang C, Zhang G, Wang Q. Compact multispectral photodetectors based on nanodisk arrays atop optical cavity substrates. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:25926-25935. [PMID: 36237112 DOI: 10.1364/oe.464282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
It is challenging for the multi-spectral photodetector to have a compact structure, high spectral resolution, and high detection efficiency. This paper reports on a new approach for compact multi-spectral visible light detecting based on the hexagonal lattice silver nanodisk arrays atop optical cavity substrates. Through numerical calculations and optimizations of experiments, we verified that the narrow band responsivity of the photodetector was caused by coupling the surface plasmonic resonances and cavity mode. The multi-spectral photodetector exhibited that the minimum FWHM and the maximum responsivity of was achieved to be 80 nm and 91.5 mA·W-1, respectively. Besides, we also analyzed the influence of the proposed structure on the energy wastage by numerical comparison. The proposed way for multi-spectral photodetector is promising to be an excellent design for the narrow band spectral detection. The design can also be easily integrated with CMOS devices and applied to other spectral regimes for different applications.
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10
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Broadband Perfect Absorber in the Visible Range Based on Metasurface Composite Structures. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15072612. [PMID: 35407943 PMCID: PMC9000352 DOI: 10.3390/ma15072612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The broadband perfect absorption of visible light is of great significance for solar cells and photodetectors. The realization of a two-dimensional broadband perfect absorber in the visible range poses a formidable challenge with regard to improving the integration of optical systems. In this paper, we numerically demonstrate a broadband perfect absorber in the visible range from 400 nm to 700 nm based on metasurface composite structures. Simulation results show that the average absorptance is ~95.7% due to the combination of the intrinsic absorption of the lossy metallic material (Au) and the coupling resonances of the multi-sized resonators. The proposed perfect absorber may find potential applications in photovoltaics and photodetection.
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11
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Chang Y, Huang L, Zhou Y, Wang J, Zhai W. Controlled Localized Phase Transition of Selenium for Color-Selective Photodetectors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:5624-5633. [PMID: 35050577 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c22909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Color-selective photodetectors are widely applied in several fields; however, they suffer from complex fabrication and low resolution. Herein, we propose a simple and convenient design to achieve a logical color-selective heterojunction photodetector composed of CdS and Se with a crystalline/amorphous mixed state. The as-deposited amorphous Se top layer in the heterojunction is partly transformed to trigonal crystalline Se by localized in situ phase transformation during annealing. As these two heterojunctions have different photoresponses under the same wavelength, the integrated device can accurately identify red, green, and blue light via logical judgment. Finally, the device exhibits high recognition ability in actual tests. This work provides a potential development of high-resolution color-selective photodetectors for visible light communication and logical photoelectric devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Materials Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Linfeng Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Materials Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Yingcai Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Materials Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Jianyuan Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Materials Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Wei Zhai
- MOE Key Laboratory of Materials Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
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Song Z, Sistani M, Wind L, Pohl D, Rellinghaus B, Weber WM, Lugstein A. Plasmon-assisted polarization-sensitive photodetection with tunable polarity for integrated silicon photonic communication systems. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:505205. [PMID: 34544072 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac2848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
To establish high-bandwidth chip-to-chip interconnects in optoelectronic integrated circuits, requires high-performance photon emitters and signal receiving components. Regarding the photodetector, fast device concepts like Schottky junction devices, large carrier mobility materials and shrinking the channel length will enable higher operation speed. However, integrating photodetectors in highly scaled ICs technologies is challenging due to the efficiency-speed trade-off. Here, we report a scalable and CMOS-compatible approach for an ultra-scaled germanium (Ge) based photodetector with tunable polarity. The photodetector is composed of a Ge Schottky barrier field effect transistor with monolithic aluminum (Al) source/drain contacts, offering plasmon assisted and polarization-resolved photodetection. The ultra-scaled Ge photodetector with a channel length of only 200 nm shows high responsivity of aboutR = 424 A W-1and a maximum polarization sensitivity ratio of TM/TE = 11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehao Song
- Institute of Solid State Electronics, Technische Universität Wien, Gußhausstraße 25-25a, A-1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Masiar Sistani
- Institute of Solid State Electronics, Technische Universität Wien, Gußhausstraße 25-25a, A-1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas Wind
- Institute of Solid State Electronics, Technische Universität Wien, Gußhausstraße 25-25a, A-1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Darius Pohl
- Dresden Center for Nanoanalysis, cfaed, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 18, Dresden D-01069, Germany
| | - Bernd Rellinghaus
- Dresden Center for Nanoanalysis, cfaed, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 18, Dresden D-01069, Germany
| | - Walter M Weber
- Institute of Solid State Electronics, Technische Universität Wien, Gußhausstraße 25-25a, A-1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alois Lugstein
- Institute of Solid State Electronics, Technische Universität Wien, Gußhausstraße 25-25a, A-1040 Vienna, Austria
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Raja SS, Cheng CW, Gwo S. Low-loss aluminum epitaxial film for scalable and sustainable plasmonics: direct comparison with silver epitaxial film. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:23809-23816. [PMID: 33237103 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr06603f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum is a plasmonic material well known for its excellent stability, complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor compatibility and wide availability as compared to popular plasmonic materials such as gold and silver. Aluminum can support surface plasmon resonances in a broad spectral range, including the deep ultra-violet, a regime where no other plasmonic materials can work. However, conventional aluminum films suffer from high losses in the visible region and low fidelity and reproducibility in nanofabrication, making aluminum plasmonics non-ideal for applications. Herein, we report the experimental results of consistent surface plasmon propagation length measurements for epitaxially grown aluminum and silver films (epifilms), using three different methods (white light interferometry, laser scattering and spectroscopic ellipsometry) in the full visible spectrum. In order to avoid losses caused by inferior material quality, we used single-crystalline aluminum and silver films for direct comparison. We found that, on directly comparing with the silver epifilm, the aluminum epifilm possesses reasonably long plasmon propagation lengths in the full visible range and outperforms silver in the deep blue region. These results illustrate the great potential of epitaxial aluminum films for visible-spectrum plasmonic applications, resulting from their superior crystallinity and excellent surface and interface properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soniya S Raja
- Institute of NanoEngineering and MicroSystems, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
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14
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Dubey A, Mishra R, Hsieh Y, Cheng C, Wu B, Chen L, Gwo S, Yen T. Aluminum Plasmonics Enriched Ultraviolet GaN Photodetector with Ultrahigh Responsivity, Detectivity, and Broad Bandwidth. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2002274. [PMID: 33344129 PMCID: PMC7740085 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202002274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonics have been well investigated on photodetectors, particularly in IR and visible regimes. However, for a wide range of ultraviolet (UV) applications, plasmonics remain unavailable mainly because of the constrained optical properties of applicable plasmonic materials in the UV regime. Therefore, an epitaxial single-crystalline aluminum (Al) film, an abundant metal with high plasma frequency and low intrinsic loss is fabricated, on a wide bandgap semiconductive gallium nitride (GaN) to form a UV photodetector. By deliberately designing a periodic nanohole array in this Al film, localized surface plasmon resonance and extraordinary transmission are enabled; hence, the maximum responsivity (670 A W-1) and highest detectivity (1.48 × 1015 cm Hz1/2 W-1) is obtained at the resonance wavelength of 355 nm. In addition, owing to coupling among nanoholes, the bandwidth expands substantially, encompassing the entire UV range. Finally, a Schottky contact is formed between the single-crystalline Al nanohole array and the GaN substrate, resulting in a fast temporal response with a rise time of 51 ms and a fall time of 197 ms. To the best knowledge, the presented detectivity is the highest compared with those of other reported GaN photodetectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Dubey
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchu300Taiwan
| | - Ragini Mishra
- Institute of NanoEngineering and MicroSystemsNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchu300Taiwan
| | - Yu‐Hung Hsieh
- Institute of NanoEngineering and MicroSystemsNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchu300Taiwan
- Research Centre for Applied ScienceAcademia SinicaTaipei115‐29Taiwan
| | - Chang‐Wei Cheng
- Department of PhysicsNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchu300Taiwan
| | - Bao‐Hsien Wu
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchu300Taiwan
| | - Lih‐Juann Chen
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchu300Taiwan
| | - Shangjr Gwo
- Institute of NanoEngineering and MicroSystemsNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchu300Taiwan
- Research Centre for Applied ScienceAcademia SinicaTaipei115‐29Taiwan
- Department of PhysicsNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchu300Taiwan
| | - Ta‐Jen Yen
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchu300Taiwan
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15
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Rahimi L, Askari AA. Ultrahigh-figure-of-merit refractive index sensor based on the Rayleigh anomaly resonance. APPLIED OPTICS 2020; 59:10980-10985. [PMID: 33361921 DOI: 10.1364/ao.405129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We investigate an all-metal and simple-fabrication grating with an ultranarrow band absorption spectrum in the telecom window range. The influences of structure parameters on the absorption characteristics are investigated. For the best design, the absorption efficiency reaches 94% under normal incidence, with the full width at half-maximum of only 0.17 nm. We demonstrate that this ultranarrow band absorption is the result of the dominant excitation of the Rayleigh anomaly mode. The corresponding figure of merit is calculated to be 8530RIU-1. The applied procedure has the potential to also be used in designing high-performance reflection-based sensors in other wavelength ranges.
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16
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Yue S, Hou M, Wang R, Guo H, Hou Y, Li M, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Zhang Z. Ultra-broadband metamaterial absorber from ultraviolet to long-wave infrared based on CMOS-compatible materials. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:31844-31861. [PMID: 33115149 DOI: 10.1364/oe.403551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Broadband absorption of electromagnetic waves in different wavelength regions is desired for applications ranging from highly efficient solar cells, waste heat harvesting, multi-color infrared (IR) detection to sub-ambient radiative cooling. Taper-shaped structures made up of alternating metal/dielectric multilayers offer the broadest absorption bandwidth so far, but face a trade-off between optical performance and material choice, i.e., those with the broadest bandwidth utilize exclusively CMOS-incompatible materials, hampering their large-scale applications. In this work, through careful examination of the unique material property of aluminum (Al) and zinc sulfide (ZnS), a sawtooth-like and a pyramid-like multilayer absorber is proposed, whose working bandwidth (0.2-15 µm) covers from ultraviolet (UV) all the way to long-wave infrared (LWIR) range, being compatible with CMOS technology at the same time. The working principle of broadband absorption is elucidated with effective hyperbolic metamaterial model plus the excitation of multiple slow-light modes. Absorption performance such as polarization and incidence-angle dependence are also investigated. The proposed Al-ZnS multilayer absorbers with ultra-broadband near-perfect absorption may find potential applications in infrared imaging and spectroscopy, radiative cooling, solar energy conversion, etc.
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17
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Zhu X, Bian L, Fu H, Wang L, Zou B, Dai Q, Zhang J, Zhong H. Broadband perovskite quantum dot spectrometer beyond human visual resolution. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2020; 9:73. [PMID: 32377335 PMCID: PMC7190644 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-020-0301-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The quantum dot spectrometer, fabricated by integrating different quantum dots with an image sensor to reconstruct the target spectrum from spectral-coupled measurements, is an emerging and promising hyperspectrometry technology with high resolution and a compact size. The spectral resolution and spectral range of quantum dot spectrometers have been limited by the spectral variety of the available quantum dots and the robustness of algorithmic reconstruction. Moreover, the spectrometer integration of quantum dots also suffers from inherent photoluminescence emission and poor batch-to-batch repeatability. In this work, we developed nonemissive in situ fabricated MA3Bi2X9 and Cs2SnX6 (MA = CH3NH3; X = Cl, Br, I) perovskite-quantum-dot-embedded films (PQDFs) with precisely tunable transmittance spectra for quantum dot spectrometer applications. The resulting PQDFs contain in situ fabricated perovskite nanocrystals with homogenous dispersion in a polymeric matrix, giving them advantageous features such as high transmittance efficiency and good batch-to-batch repeatability. By integrating a filter array of 361 kinds of PQDFs with a silicon-based photodetector array, we successfully demonstrated the construction of a perovskite quantum dot spectrometer combined with a compressive-sensing-based total-variation optimization algorithm. A spectral resolution of ~1.6 nm was achieved in the broadband of 250-1000 nm. The performance of the perovskite quantum dot spectrometer is well beyond that of human eyes in terms of both the spectral range and spectral resolution. This advancement will not only pave the way for using quantum dot spectrometers for practical applications but also significantly impact the development of artificial intelligence products, clinical treatment equipment, scientific instruments, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiu Zhu
- MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081 Beijing, China
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081 Beijing, China
| | - Liheng Bian
- MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081 Beijing, China
- School of Information and Electronics & Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081 Beijing, China
| | - Hao Fu
- MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081 Beijing, China
- School of Information and Electronics & Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081 Beijing, China
| | - Lingxue Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081 Beijing, China
| | - Bingsuo Zou
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081 Beijing, China
| | - Qionghai Dai
- Department of Automation & School of Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, 100086 Beijing, China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, 100086 Beijing, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- School of Information and Electronics & Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081 Beijing, China
| | - Haizheng Zhong
- MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-dimensional Quantum Structure and Devices, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081 Beijing, China
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081 Beijing, China
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18
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Guo WP, Liang WY, Cheng CW, Wu WL, Wang YT, Sun Q, Zu S, Misawa H, Cheng PJ, Chang SW, Ahn H, Lin MT, Gwo S. Chiral Second-Harmonic Generation from Monolayer WS 2/Aluminum Plasmonic Vortex Metalens. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:2857-2864. [PMID: 32163291 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c00645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional spiral plasmonic structures have emerged as a versatile approach to generate near-field vortex fields with tunable topological charges. We demonstrate here a far-field approach to observe the chiral second-harmonic generation (SHG) at designated visible wavelengths from a single plasmonic vortex metalens. This metalens comprises an Archimedean spiral slit fabricated on atomically flat aluminum epitaxial film, which allows for precise tuning of plasmonic resonances and subsequent transfer of two-dimensional materials on top of the spiral slit. The nonlinear optical measurements show a giant SHG circular dichroism. Furthermore, we have achieved an enhanced chiral SHG conversion efficiency (about an order of magnitude greater than the bare aluminum lens) from monolayer tungsten disulfide (WS2)/aluminum metalens, which is designed at the C-exciton resonance of WS2. Since the C-exciton is not a valley exciton, the enhanced chiral SHG in this hybrid system originates from the plasmonic vortex field-enhanced SHG under the optical spin-orbit interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Ping Guo
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yun Liang
- Department of Photonics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Wei Cheng
- Department of Physics, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Lin Wu
- Department of Physics, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ting Wang
- Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Quan Sun
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Shuai Zu
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Misawa
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Ju Cheng
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Wei Chang
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Hyeyoung Ahn
- Department of Photonics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Minn-Tsong Lin
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Shangjr Gwo
- Department of Physics, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
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19
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Sun H, Tian W, Wang X, Deng K, Xiong J, Li L. In Situ Formed Gradient Bandgap-Tunable Perovskite for Ultrahigh-Speed Color/Spectrum-Sensitive Photodetectors via Electron-Donor Control. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1908108. [PMID: 32080927 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201908108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Integration of various photodetectors with different light-sensitive materials and detection capacity is an inevitable way to achieve entire color/spectrum detection. However, the uneven capacity of each photodetector would drag the overall performance behind, especially the response speed. A response time down to nanosecond level has not previously been reported for a filter-free color/spectrum-sensitive photodetector, as far as is known. Here, a self-powered filterless color-sensitive photodetection array based on an in situ formed gradient perovskite absorber film with continuously tunable bandgap is demonstrated. Ultrahigh-speed response at nanosecond level is achieved in all the ingredient photodetectors. The junction capacitance being influenced by carrier concentration in the absorber is identified to be responsible for the detection speed. Without any optic or mechanical supporting system, the designed color detector exhibits an external quantum efficiency (EQE) up to 94% and a high spectral resolution of around 80 nm for the whole visible spectrum. This work offers a guidance to achieve fast response of perovskite-based photodetectors from the point of view of carrier-donor control and demonstrates a new avenue to establish color-sensitive photodetectors/spectrometers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoxuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, P. R. China
| | - Wei Tian
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Xianfu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, P. R. China
| | - Kaimo Deng
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Jie Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, P. R. China
| | - Liang Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Center for Energy Conversion Materials & Physics (CECMP), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
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20
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Li Q, van de Groep J, Wang Y, Kik PG, Brongersma ML. Transparent multispectral photodetectors mimicking the human visual system. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4982. [PMID: 31676782 PMCID: PMC6825164 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12899-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Compact and lightweight photodetection elements play a critical role in the newly emerging augmented reality, wearable and sensing technologies. In these technologies, devices are preferred to be transparent to form an optical interface between a viewer and the outside world. For this reason, it is of great value to create detection platforms that are imperceptible to the human eye directly onto transparent substrates. Semiconductor nanowires (NWs) make ideal photodetectors as their optical resonances enable parsing of the multi-dimensional information carried by light. Unfortunately, these optical resonances also give rise to strong, undesired light scattering. In this work, we illustrate how a new optical resonance arising from the radiative coupling between arrayed silicon NWs can be harnessed to remove reflections from dielectric interfaces while affording spectro-polarimetric detection. The demonstrated transparent photodetector concept opens up promising platforms for transparent substrates as the base for opto-electronic devices and in situ optical measurement systems. For augmented reality technologies it is beneficial to create devices on transparent substrates that are imperceptible to the human eye. Here, the authors harness resonances from radiative coupling between arrayed silicon nanowire photodetectors to remove reflections while affording spectro-polarimetric detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qitong Li
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jorik van de Groep
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yifei Wang
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Pieter G Kik
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,CREOL, The College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Mark L Brongersma
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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21
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Gupta A, Chowdhury RK, Ray SK, Srivastava SK. Selective photoresponse of plasmonic silver nanoparticle decorated Bi 2Se 3 nanosheets. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:435204. [PMID: 31320602 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab3382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The plasmon-enhanced photoresponse properties of a Ag nanoparticle decorated Bi2Se3 nanosheet (AGBS)/p-Si heterojunction device have been studied. The Ag nanoparticles, Bi2Se3 nanosheets, and AGBS nanocomposite are synthesized chemically. Microscopic investigations, ultimately of the AGBS nanocomposite, reveal that the Bi2Se3 nanosheets of thickness ∼20 nm and lateral dimension ∼1 μm are decorated with Ag nanoparticles of sizes 20-40 nm in the nanocomposite. The x-ray diffraction pattern of AGBS shows that apart from being in a metallic state, the Ag in the AGBS is also in the form of compounds with Bi, Se, and additionally O. This observation is further complemented by the x-ray photoelectron spectrum, which shows the presence of Ag0 and Ag+ states of Ag in AGBS. The UV-visible absorption spectra show the plasmonic peak of the Ag nanoparticles occurs at 420 nm; the peak is shifted to ∼500 nm in AGBS due to the modified dielectric environment of the nanoparticles. The AGBS/p-Si heterojunction shows excellent photoresponse properties, with a responsivity of 0.28 A/W, a fairly high detectivity of 4 × 1010 Jones, and an EQE of 71% under 10 V reverse bias at a 500 nm wavelength. The plasmon enhanced photoresponse at the selective wavelength makes this material attractive for high performance optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu Gupta
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
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22
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Barulin A, Claude JB, Patra S, Moreau A, Lumeau J, Wenger J. Preventing Aluminum Photocorrosion for Ultraviolet Plasmonics. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:5700-5707. [PMID: 31503492 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b02137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum can sustain plasmonic resonances down into the ultraviolet (UV) range to promote surface-enhanced spectroscopy and catalysis. Despite its natural alumina passivating layer, we find here that under 266 nm pulsed UV illumination, aluminum can undergo a dramatic photocorrosion in water within a few tens of seconds and even at low average UV powers. This aluminum instability in water environments is a critical limitation. We show that the aluminum photocorrosion is related to the nonlinear absorption by water in the UV range leading to the production of hydroxyl radicals. Different corrosion protection approaches are tested using scavengers for reactive oxygen species and polymer layers deposited on top of the aluminum structures. Using optimized protection, we achieve a 10-fold increase in the available UV power range leading to no visible photocorrosion effects. This technique is crucial to achieve stable use of aluminum nanostructures enabling UV plasmonics in aqueous solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandr Barulin
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille , Institut Fresnel , 13013 Marseille , France
| | - Jean-Benoît Claude
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille , Institut Fresnel , 13013 Marseille , France
| | - Satyajit Patra
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille , Institut Fresnel , 13013 Marseille , France
| | - Antonin Moreau
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille , Institut Fresnel , 13013 Marseille , France
| | - Julien Lumeau
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille , Institut Fresnel , 13013 Marseille , France
| | - Jérôme Wenger
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille , Institut Fresnel , 13013 Marseille , France
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23
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24
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Liu W, Wang W, Guan Z, Xu H. A plasmon modulated photothermoelectric photodetector in silicon nanostripes. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:4918-4924. [PMID: 30830128 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr10222h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
High integration density, high responsivity, bandgap limitation breaking and multifunctional silicon photodetectors are the long term goals in the field of light detection. The photothermoelectric (PTE) effect discovered in silicon nanostructures utilizes the photon-induced temperature gradient to achieve electrical detection and provides a promising way towards meeting the above requirements. Here we report a plasmon modulated silicon nanostripe PTE detector with an open-circuit photovoltage responsivity of ∼82 mV μW-1. The gold subwavelength nanogratings provide enhanced optical absorption and polarization and wavelength sensitivity. An interesting reversed Seebeck coefficient of silicon caused by the Cr/Au contact was observed. This plasmon enhanced silicon PTE effect would pave the way for high integration, CMOS compatible photodetection and light harvesting devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weikang Liu
- School of Physics and Technology, Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, and Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
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25
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Xiong K, Tordera D, Jonsson MP, Dahlin AB. Active control of plasmonic colors: emerging display technologies. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2019; 82:024501. [PMID: 30640724 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/aaf844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In recent years there has been a growing interest in the use of plasmonic nanostructures for color generation, a technology that dates back to ancient times. Plasmonic structural colors have several attractive features but once the structures are prepared the colors are normally fixed. Lately, several concepts have emerged for actively tuning the colors, which opens up for many new potential applications, the most obvious being novel color displays. In this review we summarize recent progress in active control of plasmonic colors and evaluate them with respect to performance criteria for color displays. It is suggested that actively controlled plasmonic colors are generally less interesting for emissive displays but could be useful for new types of electrochromic devices relying on ambient light (electronic paper). Furthermore, there are several other potential applications such as images to be revealed on demand and colorimetric sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunli Xiong
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Göteborg, Sweden
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26
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Li L, Cai W, Du C, Guan Z, Xiang Y, Ma Z, Wu W, Ren M, Zhang X, Tang A, Xu J. Cathodoluminescence nanoscopy of open single-crystal aluminum plasmonic nanocavities. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:22357-22361. [PMID: 30474670 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr06545d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Exact understanding of the plasmon response of aluminum (Al) nanostructures in deep subwavelengths is critical for the design of Al based plasmonic applications, such as the emission control of quantum dots and surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering in the ultraviolet (UV) range. Here, the plasmonic properties of open triangle cavities patterned by a focused ion beam in single-crystal bulk Al were explored using cathodoluminescence. The resonant modes were determined by experimental spectra and deep subwavelength real-space mode patterns ranging from the visible to the UV, which agreed well with full-wave electromagnetic simulations. The dispersion relation of the cavity modes was consistent with that at the interface between Al and vacuum, showing strong electromagnetic field confinement in the cavities. Open Al triangle cavities provided room for the interaction between optical emitters and confined electromagnetic fields, paving the way for plasmonic devices for a variety of applications, such as plasmonic light-emitting devices or nanolasers in the UV range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- The Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and TEDA Applied Physics Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, China.
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27
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Jiang Q, Ji C, Riley DJ, Xie F. Boosting the Efficiency of Photoelectrolysis by the Addition of Non-Noble Plasmonic Metals: Al & Cu. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 9:nano9010001. [PMID: 30577444 PMCID: PMC6359664 DOI: 10.3390/nano9010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Solar water splitting by semiconductor based photoanodes and photocathodes is one of the most promising strategies to convert solar energy to chemical energy to meet the high demand for energy consumption in modern society. However, the state-of-the-art efficiency is too low to fulfill the demand. To overcome this challenge and thus enable the industrial realization of a solar water splitting device, different approaches have been taken to enhance the overall device efficiency, one of which is the incorporation of plasmonic nanostructures. Photoanodes and photocathodes coupled to the optimized plasmonic nanostructures, matching the absorption wavelength of the semiconductors, can exhibit a significantly increased efficiency. So far, gold and silver have been extensively explored to plasmonically enhance water splitting efficiency, with disadvantages of high cost and low enhancement. Instead, non-noble plasmonic metals such as aluminum and copper, are earth-abundant and low cost. In this article, we review their potentials in photoelectrolysis, towards scalable applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianfan Jiang
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Chengyu Ji
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - D Jason Riley
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Fang Xie
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
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28
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Li Q, Li Z, Wang X, Wang T, Liu H, Yang H, Gong Y, Gao J. Structurally tunable plasmonic absorption bands in a self-assembled nano-hole array. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:19117-19124. [PMID: 30298900 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr06588h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we demonstrate a theoretical and experimental study on a nano-hole array that can realize perfect absorption in the visible and near-infrared regions. The absorption spectrum can be easily controlled by adjusting the structural parameters including the radius and period of the nano-hole, and the maximal absorption can reach 99.0% in theory. In order to clarify the physical mechanism of the absorber, we start from the extraordinary optical transmission supported by the nano-hole array in a thin metallic film coated on a glass substrate, and then analyse the perfect absorption in the metal-insulator-metal structure. The surface plasmon modes supported by the nano-hole array are completely clarified and both the FDTD simulation and waveguide theory are used to help us understand the physical mechanism, which can provide a new perspective in designing this kind of perfect absorber. In addition, the nano-hole array can be fabricated by simple and low-cost nanosphere lithography, which makes it a more appropriate candidate for spectroscopy, photovoltaics, photodetectors, sensing, and surface enhanced Raman scattering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Optical System Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China.
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29
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The Role of Rayleigh-Wood Anomalies and Surface Plasmons in Optical Enhancement for Nano-Gratings. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 8:nano8100809. [PMID: 30304809 PMCID: PMC6215216 DOI: 10.3390/nano8100809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We propose and report on the design of a 1-D metallo-dielectric nano-grating on a GaAs substrate. We numerically study the impact of grating period, slit and wire widths, and irradiating angle of incidence on the optical response. The optimal wire width, w = 160 nm, was chosen based on previous results from investigations into the influence of wire width and nano-slit dimensions on optical and electrical enhancements in metal-semiconductor-metal photodetectors. In this present project, resonant absorption and reflection modes were observed while varying the wire and nano-slit widths to study the unique optical modes generated by Rayleigh-Wood anomalies and surface plasmon polaritons. We observed sharp and diffuse changes in optical response to these anomalies, which may potentially be useful in applications such as photo-sensing and photodetectors. Additionally, we found that varying the slit width produced sharper, more intense anomalies in the optical spectrum than varying the wire width.
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30
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Kim S, Kim JM, Park JE, Nam JM. Nonnoble-Metal-Based Plasmonic Nanomaterials: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1704528. [PMID: 29572964 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201704528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The application scope of plasmonic nanostructures is rapidly expanding to keep pace with the ongoing development of various scientific findings and emerging technologies. However, most plasmonic nanostructures heavily depend on rare, expensive, and extensively studied noble metals such as Au and Ag, with the limited choice of elements hindering their broad and practical applications in a wide spectral range. Therefore, abundant and inexpensive nonnoble metals have attracted attention as new plasmonic nanomaterial components, allowing these nonnoble-metal-based materials to be used in areas such as photocatalysis, sensing, nanoantennas, metamaterials, and magnetoplasmonics with new compositions, structures, and properties. Furthermore, the use of nonnoble metal hybrids results in newly emerging or synergistic properties not observed from single-metal component systems. Here, the synthetic strategies and recent advances in nonnoble-metal-based plasmonic nanostructures comprising Cu, Al, Mg, In, Ga, Pb, Ni, Co, Fe, and related hybrids are highlighted, and a discussion and perspectives in their synthesis, properties, applications, and challenges are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungi Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Jae-Myoung Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Park
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Jwa-Min Nam
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
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31
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Dai P, Wang Y, Zhu X, Shi H, Chen Y, Zhang S, Yang W, Chen Z, Xiao S, Duan H. Transmissive structural color filters using vertically coupled aluminum nanohole/nanodisk array with a triangular-lattice. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:395202. [PMID: 29972380 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aad110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a configuration to generate transmissive structural colors through triangular-lattice square nanohole arrays in aluminum (Al) film with Al nanodisks on the bottom of the nanoholes. By using a simple nanofabrication process, colors covering the entire visible light with different brightness and saturation are achieved by tuning both the period of arrays and the size of nanoholes. The optical behaviors of the structures are systematically investigated by both experimental and theoretical methods. The results indicate that the localized surface plasmon resonance of nanohole arrays plays the key role in the extraordinary transmission and meanwhile the coupling of disks and holes is also of importance for the enhanced transmission. With the wide color gamut, these kinds of vertically coupled Al nanohole/nanodisk arrays show the capabilities for high-resolution full-color printing. Compared to existing transmissive plasmonic color filters, the configuration in this work has the advantages of a simple fabrication process and using cheap aluminum materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Dai
- School of Physics and Electronics, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
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32
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Miyamichi A, Ono A, Kamehama H, Kagawa K, Yasutomi K, Kawahito S. Multi-band plasmonic color filters for visible-to-near-infrared image sensors. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:25178-25187. [PMID: 30469623 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.025178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We propose a plasmonic color filter consisting of a single aperture surrounded by concentric periodic corrugations for simultaneous imaging of a spectral range from the visible to the near-infrared. The incident light coupled with surface plasmons propagates through the sub-wavelength aperture as beaming light. The beaming light transmission is able to suppress the spatial color cross-talk between the pixels in an image sensor. We analyzed the transmission characteristics of a plasmonic color filter with periodic corrugations in a silver thin film by using the finite-difference time-domain algorithm. We demonstrated a multi-band transmission wavelength selectivity, of about 100 nm, for the spectral bandwidth ranging from visible to near-infrared. The simultaneous discrimination of visible and near-infrared light with a high color purity by the plasmonic color filter achieves both improved image recognition and smaller system-size compared with conventional systems, which is particularly important for applications such as vehicle-mounted cameras, security, and biological tissue engineering.
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33
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Clark BD, Jacobson CR, Lou M, Yang J, Zhou L, Gottheim S, DeSantis CJ, Nordlander P, Halas NJ. Aluminum Nanorods. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:1234-1240. [PMID: 29272131 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b04820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Al nanocrystals can be synthesized by high-temperature decomposition of triisobutyl aluminum, creating a mixture of nanoparticle geometries with a significant fraction (∼15%) being single-crystalline Al nanorods. The Al nanorods are elongated along their ⟨110⟩ direction, and generally exhibit hexagonal cross sections consisting of two adjacent {111} facets separated by {100} facets on opposite sides. Dark-field scattering spectroscopy of individual Al nanorods reveals that rods of varying aspect ratios all possess transverse quadrupolar and octupolar modes in the visible (2-3 eV) and ultraviolet (3-5 eV) regimes. Theoretical modeling indicates that the longitudinal resonances of these nanorods span the near- and mid-infrared regions of the spectrum. This work introduces a new class of anisotropic metal nanocrystals composed of single-crystalline Al, opening the door to highly modifiable plasmonic nanorods from Earth-abundant metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin D Clark
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, §Department of Physics & Astronomy, and ∥Laboratory for Nanophotonics, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Christian R Jacobson
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, §Department of Physics & Astronomy, and ∥Laboratory for Nanophotonics, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Minhan Lou
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, §Department of Physics & Astronomy, and ∥Laboratory for Nanophotonics, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, §Department of Physics & Astronomy, and ∥Laboratory for Nanophotonics, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Linan Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, §Department of Physics & Astronomy, and ∥Laboratory for Nanophotonics, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Sam Gottheim
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, §Department of Physics & Astronomy, and ∥Laboratory for Nanophotonics, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Christopher J DeSantis
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, §Department of Physics & Astronomy, and ∥Laboratory for Nanophotonics, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Peter Nordlander
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, §Department of Physics & Astronomy, and ∥Laboratory for Nanophotonics, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Naomi J Halas
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, §Department of Physics & Astronomy, and ∥Laboratory for Nanophotonics, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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34
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Bhalla N, Sathish S, Sinha A, Shen AQ. Large-Scale Nanophotonic Structures for Long-Term Monitoring of Cell Proliferation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201700258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Bhalla
- Micro/Bio/Nanofluidics Unit; Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University; 1919-1 Tancha, Onna Kunigami District Okinawa Prefecture 904-0495 Japan
| | - Shivani Sathish
- Micro/Bio/Nanofluidics Unit; Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University; 1919-1 Tancha, Onna Kunigami District Okinawa Prefecture 904-0495 Japan
| | - Abhishek Sinha
- Micro/Bio/Nanofluidics Unit; Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University; 1919-1 Tancha, Onna Kunigami District Okinawa Prefecture 904-0495 Japan
| | - Amy Q. Shen
- Micro/Bio/Nanofluidics Unit; Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University; 1919-1 Tancha, Onna Kunigami District Okinawa Prefecture 904-0495 Japan
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Fleischman D, Sweatlock LA, Murakami H, Atwater H. Hyper-selective plasmonic color filters. OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 25:27386-27395. [PMID: 29092212 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.027386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The subwavelength mode volumes of plasmonic filters are well matched to the small size of state-of-the-art active pixels in CMOS image sensor arrays used in portable electronic devices. Typical plasmonic filters exhibit broad (> 100 nm) transmission bandwidths suitable for RBG or CMYK color filtering. Dramatically reducing the peak width of filter transmission spectra would allow for the realization of CMOS image sensors with multi- and hyperspectral imaging capabilities. We find that the design of 5 layer metal-insulator-metal-insulator-metal structures gives rise to multi-mode interference phenomena that suppress spurious transmission features and give rise to single transmission bands as narrow as 17 nm. The transmission peaks of these multilayer slot-mode plasmonic filters (MSPFs) can be systematically varied throughout the visible and near infrared spectrum, leading to a filter that is CMOS integrable, since the same basic MSPF structure can operate over a large range of wavelengths. We find that MSPF filter designs that can achieve a bandwidth less than 30 nm across the visible and demonstrate experimental prototypes with a FWHM of 70 nm, and we describe how experimental structure can be made to approach the limits suggested by the model.
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36
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Ibrahem MA, Verrelli E, Lai KT, Kyriakou G, Lee AF, Isaacs MA, Cheng F, O'Neill M. Dual Wavelength (Ultraviolet and Green) Photodetectors Using Solution Processed Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:36971-36979. [PMID: 28950063 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b08092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Narrow-band photoconductivity with a spectral width of 0.16 eV is obtained from solution-processed colloidal ZnO nanocrystals beneath the band-edge at 2.25 eV. A new model involving electron transfer from deep defects to discrete shallow donors is introduced to explain the narrow spectrum and the exponential form of the current rise and decay transients. The defects are tentatively assigned to neutral oxygen vacancies. The photocurrent responsivity can be enhanced by storage in air, and this correlates with the formation of carbonate surface species by capture of carbon dioxide during storage. This controllability is exploited to develop a low-cost and scalable photolithographic approach to pixelate photodetectors for applications such as object discrimination, sensing, etc. The spectral response can be spatially patterned so that dual (ultraviolet and green) and single (ultraviolet only) wavelength detecting ZnO pixels can be produced on the same substrate. This presents a new sensor mode with applications in security or full color imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A Ibrahem
- School of Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Hull , Cottingham Road, Kingston upon Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
- Laser Physics Branch, Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology , Baghdad 10066, Iraq
| | - Emanuele Verrelli
- School of Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Hull , Cottingham Road, Kingston upon Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
| | - Khue T Lai
- School of Engineering and Computer Science, University of Hull , Cottingham Road, Kingston upon Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
| | - Georgios Kyriakou
- European Bioenergy Research Institute, Aston University , Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, United Kingdom
| | - Adam F Lee
- European Bioenergy Research Institute, Aston University , Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, United Kingdom
| | - Mark A Isaacs
- European Bioenergy Research Institute, Aston University , Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, United Kingdom
| | - Fei Cheng
- School of Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Hull , Cottingham Road, Kingston upon Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
| | - Mary O'Neill
- School of Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Hull , Cottingham Road, Kingston upon Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University , Clifton Lane, Nottingham NG11 8NS, United Kingdom
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37
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Chowdhury RK, Sinha TK, Katiyar AK, Ray SK. Synergistic effect of polymer encapsulated silver nanoparticle doped WS 2 sheets for plasmon enhanced 2D/3D heterojunction photodetectors. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:15591-15597. [PMID: 28990630 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr05974d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Chemical doping and plasmonic enhanced photoresponsivity of two dimensional (2D) n-WS2/p-Si heterojunctions are demonstrated for the first time. Novel PVP coated Ag0 intercalation induced synthesis has led to the formation of impurity-free, chemically doped few-layer n-WS2 with reversed conductivity following the Maxwell-Wagner-Sillars interfacial effect. The resultant composite film exhibits excellent stability and tunable plasmonic absorption due to silver nanoparticles of different sizes. A sharp band-edge absorption of the hybrid material indicates the presence of spin-orbit coupled direct band gap transitions in WS2 layers, in addition to a broader plasmonic peak attributed to Ag nanoparticles. Stabilized Ag-nanoparticle (∼4-6 nm) embedded electron rich n-WS2 has been used to fabricate plasmon enhanced, silicon compatible heterojunction photodetectors. The detectors exhibited superior properties, possessing a photo-to-dark current ratio of ∼103, a very high responsivity (8.0 A W-1) and an EQE of 2000% under 10 V bias with a broad spectral photoresponse in the wavelength range of 400-1100 nm. The results provide a new paradigm for intercalant impurity-free metal nanoparticle assisted exfoliation of n-type few-layer WS2, with the nanoparticles playing a dual role towards the realization of 2D materials based broadband heterojunction optoelectronic devices by inducing chemical doping as well as tunable plasmon enhanced absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Chowdhury
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur-721303, India.
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38
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Aluminum plasmonic nanoshielding in ultraviolet inactivation of bacteria. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9026. [PMID: 28831133 PMCID: PMC5567371 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08593-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation is an effective bacterial inactivation technique with broad applications in environmental disinfection. However, biomedical applications are limited due to the low selectivity, undesired inactivation of beneficial bacteria and damage of healthy tissue. New approaches are needed for the protection of biological cells from UV radiation for the development of controlled treatment and improved biosensors. Aluminum plasmonics offers attractive opportunities for the control of light-matter interactions in the UV range, which have not yet been explored in microbiology. Here, we investigate the effects of aluminum nanoparticles (Al NPs) prepared by sonication of aluminum foil on the UVC inactivation of E. coli bacteria and demonstrate a new radiation protection mechanism via plasmonic nanoshielding. We observe direct interaction of the bacterial cells with Al NPs and elucidate the nanoshielding mechanism via UV plasmonic resonance and nanotailing effects. Concentration and wavelength dependence studies reveal the role and range of control parameters for regulating the radiation dosage to achieve effective UVC protection. Our results provide a step towards developing improved radiation-based bacterial treatments.
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39
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Artificial Structural Color Pixels: A Review. MATERIALS 2017; 10:ma10080944. [PMID: 28805736 PMCID: PMC5578310 DOI: 10.3390/ma10080944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Inspired by natural photonic structures (Morpho butterfly, for instance), researchers have demonstrated varying artificial color display devices using different designs. Photonic-crystal/plasmonic color filters have drawn increasing attention most recently. In this review article, we show the developing trend of artificial structural color pixels from photonic crystals to plasmonic nanostructures. Such devices normally utilize the distinctive optical features of photonic/plasmon resonance, resulting in high compatibility with current display and imaging technologies. Moreover, dynamical color filtering devices are highly desirable because tunable optical components are critical for developing new optical platforms which can be integrated or combined with other existing imaging and display techniques. Thus, extensive promising potential applications have been triggered and enabled including more abundant functionalities in integrated optics and nanophotonics.
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40
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Tian S, Neumann O, McClain MJ, Yang X, Zhou L, Zhang C, Nordlander P, Halas NJ. Aluminum Nanocrystals: A Sustainable Substrate for Quantitative SERS-Based DNA Detection. NANO LETTERS 2017; 17:5071-5077. [PMID: 28664736 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b02338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Since its discovery in the 1970s, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has been primarily associated with substrates composed of nanostructured noble metals. Here we investigate chemically synthesized nanocrystal aggregates of aluminum, an inexpensive, highly abundant, and sustainable metal, as SERS substrates. Al nanocrystal aggregates are capable of substantial near-infrared SERS enhancements, similar to Au nanoparticles. The intrinsic nanoscale surface oxide of Al nanocrystals supports molecule-substrate interactions that differ dramatically from noble metal substrates. The preferential affinity of the single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) phosphate backbone for the Al oxide surface preserves both the spectral features and nucleic acid cross sections relative to conventional Raman spectroscopy, enabling quantitative ssDNA detection and analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Tian
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Physics and Astronomy, §Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and ∥Laboratory for Nanophotonics and the Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Oara Neumann
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Physics and Astronomy, §Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and ∥Laboratory for Nanophotonics and the Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Michael J McClain
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Physics and Astronomy, §Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and ∥Laboratory for Nanophotonics and the Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Xiao Yang
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Physics and Astronomy, §Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and ∥Laboratory for Nanophotonics and the Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Linan Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Physics and Astronomy, §Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and ∥Laboratory for Nanophotonics and the Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Physics and Astronomy, §Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and ∥Laboratory for Nanophotonics and the Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Peter Nordlander
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Physics and Astronomy, §Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and ∥Laboratory for Nanophotonics and the Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Naomi J Halas
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Physics and Astronomy, §Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and ∥Laboratory for Nanophotonics and the Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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41
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See KM, Lin FC, Huang JS. Design and characterization of a plasmonic Doppler grating for azimuthal angle-resolved surface plasmon resonances. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:10811-10819. [PMID: 28726938 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr01509g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We present a two-dimensional plasmonic Doppler grating (PDG) for broadband and azimuthal angle-resolved nanophotonic applications. The PDG consists of a set of non-concentric circular rings mimicking the wavefronts of a moving point source that exhibits the Doppler effect and thereby offers a continuous azimuthal angle-dependent lattice momentum for photon-plasmon coupling. The center and span of the working frequency window are fully designable for optimal performance in specific applications. We detail the design, fabrication and optical characterization of the PDG. The design of the Doppler grating provides a general platform for in-plane angle-resolved nanophotonic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kel-Meng See
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
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42
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Wang X, Santschi C, Martin OJF. Strong Improvement of Long-Term Chemical and Thermal Stability of Plasmonic Silver Nanoantennas and Films. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2017; 13:1700044. [PMID: 28544304 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201700044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Silver (Ag) nanostructures and thin films are advantageous plasmonic materials as they have significantly lower losses than gold (Au). Unfortunately, Ag nanostructures suffer from poor chemical and thermal stability, which limit their applications. Here, the mechanisms leading to the deterioration of Ag nanostructures are clarified. It is first shown that oxygen alone cannot oxidize Ag nanostructures. Then, experiments using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveal that the amount of sulfur in ambient air is too low for efficient tarnishing of the Ag surface. Finally, water is found to be the most critical factor for the degradation of Ag nanostructures and thin films. At high relative humidity, adsorbed water forms a thin film enabling the migration of Ag ions at the Ag/air interface, which deteriorates the Ag nanostructures. A dehydration treatment is developed which alters the morphology of the deposited silver, leading to an improved chemical and thermal stability of the Ag nanostructures and films, which then remain stable for more than 14 weeks under ambient laboratory conditions. In addition, dehydration also improves significantly the root-mean-square roughness for Ag thin films deposited on a glass substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Wang
- Nanophotonics and Metrology Laboratory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christian Santschi
- Nanophotonics and Metrology Laboratory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Olivier J F Martin
- Nanophotonics and Metrology Laboratory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
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43
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Zeng Z, Shi X, Mabe T, Christie S, Gilmore G, Smith AW, Wei J. Protein Trapping in Plasmonic Nanoslit and Nanoledge Cavities: The Behavior and Sensing. Anal Chem 2017; 89:5221-5229. [PMID: 28418634 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A novel plasmonic nanoledge device was presented to explore the geometry-induced trapping of nanoscale biomolecules and examine a generation of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) for plasmonic sensing. To design an optimal plasmonic device, a semianalytical model was implemented for a quantitative analysis of SPR under plane-wave illumination and a finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulation was used to study the optical transmission and refractive index (RI) sensitivity. In addition, total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) imaging was used to visualize the migration of fluorescently labeled bovine serum albumin (BSA) into the nanoslits; and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) was further used to investigate the diffusion of BSA in the nanoslits. Transmission SPR measurements of free prostate specific antigen (f-PSA), which is similar in size to BSA, were performed to validate the trapping of the molecules via specific binding reactions in the nanoledge cavities. The present study may facilitate further development of single nanomolecule detection and new nanomicrofluidic arrays for effective detection of multiple biomarkers in clinical biofluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zeng
- Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering (JSNN), University of North Carolina at Greensboro , Greensboro, North Carolina 27401, United States
| | - Xiaojun Shi
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron , Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Taylor Mabe
- Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering (JSNN), University of North Carolina at Greensboro , Greensboro, North Carolina 27401, United States
| | - Shaun Christie
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron , Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Grant Gilmore
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron , Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Adam W Smith
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron , Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Jianjun Wei
- Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering (JSNN), University of North Carolina at Greensboro , Greensboro, North Carolina 27401, United States
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44
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Wen L, Chen Q, Hu X, Wang H, Jin L, Su Q. Multifunctional Silicon Optoelectronics Integrated with Plasmonic Scattering Color. ACS NANO 2016; 10:11076-11086. [PMID: 28024346 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b05960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic scattering from metallic nanoparticles has been used for centuries to create the colorful appearance of stained glass. Besides their use as passive spectral filtering components, multifunctional optoelectronic applications can be achieved by integrating the nanoscatters with semiconductors that generate electricity using the complementary spectral components of plasmonic colors. To suppress the usual degradation of both efficiency and the gamut of plasmonic scattering coloration in highly asymmetric index configurations like a silicon host, aluminum nanodisks on indium tin oxide (ITO) coated silicon were experimentally studied and demonstrated color sorting in the full visible range along with photocurrent generation. Interestingly, the photocurrents were found to be comparable to the reference devices with only antireflection coatings in spite of the power loss for coloration. Detailed investigation shows that ITO serves as both the impedance matching layer for promoting the backward scattering and schottky contact with silicon, and moreover, plasmonic nanoscatters efficiently harvest the complement spectrum components for charge generation. The present approach combines the capacities of nanoscale color sorting and photoelectric converting at a negligible cost of efficiency, thus providing a broad flexibility of being utilized in various optoelectronic applications including self-powered display, filter-free imaging, and colorful photovoltaics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Wen
- Key Lab of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Chen
- Key Lab of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Hu
- Key Lab of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Huacun Wang
- Key Lab of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Jin
- Key Lab of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Su
- Key Lab of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
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45
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Lin L, Wang M, Wei X, Peng X, Xie C, Zheng Y. Photoswitchable Rabi Splitting in Hybrid Plasmon-Waveguide Modes. NANO LETTERS 2016; 16:7655-7663. [PMID: 27960522 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b03702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Rabi splitting that arises from strong plasmon-molecule coupling has attracted tremendous interests. However, it has remained elusive to integrate Rabi splitting into the hybrid plasmon-waveguide modes (HPWMs), which have advantages of both subwavelength light confinement of surface plasmons and long-range propagation of guided modes in dielectric waveguides. Herein, we explore a new type of HPWMs based on hybrid systems of Al nanodisk arrays covered by PMMA thin films that are doped with photochromic molecules and demonstrate the photoswitchable Rabi splitting with a maximum splitting energy of 572 meV in the HPWMs by controlling the photoisomerization of the molecules. Through our experimental measurements combined with finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations, we reveal that the photoswitchable Rabi splitting arises from the switchable coupling between the HPWMs and molecular excitons. By harnessing the photoswitchable Rabi splitting, we develop all-optical light modulators and rewritable waveguides. The demonstration of Rabi splitting in the HPWMs will further advance scientific research and device applications of hybrid plasmon-molecule systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linhan Lin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Materials Science & Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Mingsong Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Xiaoling Wei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Xiaolei Peng
- Materials Science & Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Chong Xie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Yuebing Zheng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Materials Science & Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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46
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Cheng F, Su PH, Choi J, Gwo S, Li X, Shih CK. Epitaxial Growth of Atomically Smooth Aluminum on Silicon and Its Intrinsic Optical Properties. ACS NANO 2016; 10:9852-9860. [PMID: 27656756 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b05556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) provides an excellent material platform for plasmonic applications in the ultraviolet (UV) regime due to its low loss coefficient at UV wavelengths. To fully realize the potential of this material, it is imperative to create nanostructures with minimal defects in order to prevent light scattering and better support plasmonic resonances. In this work, we report the successful development of atomically smooth epitaxial Al films on silicon. These epitaxial Al thin films facilitate the creation of fine plasmonic nanostructures and demonstrate considerable loss reduction in the UV frequency range, in comparison to the polycrystalline Al films based on spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements. Remarkably, our measurements on the epitaxial Al film grown using the two-step method suggest that the intrinsic loss in Al is significantly lower, by up to a factor of 2 in the UV range, with respect to current widely quoted Palik's values extracted from polycrystalline films. These high-quality epitaxial Al films provide an ideal platform for UV plasmonics. In addition, the availability of intrinsic optical constants will enable more accurate theoretical predictions to guide the device design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Cheng
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin , Austin, Texas 78712 United States
| | - Ping-Hsiang Su
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin , Austin, Texas 78712 United States
| | - Junho Choi
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin , Austin, Texas 78712 United States
| | - Shangjr Gwo
- Department of Physics, National Tsing-Hua University , Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Xiaoqin Li
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin , Austin, Texas 78712 United States
| | - Chih-Kang Shih
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin , Austin, Texas 78712 United States
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47
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Chen Q, Hu X, Wen L, Yu Y, Cumming DRS. Nanophotonic Image Sensors. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:4922-4935. [PMID: 27239941 PMCID: PMC5818880 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201600528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The increasing miniaturization and resolution of image sensors bring challenges to conventional optical elements such as spectral filters and polarizers, the properties of which are determined mainly by the materials used, including dye polymers. Recent developments in spectral filtering and optical manipulating techniques based on nanophotonics have opened up the possibility of an alternative method to control light spectrally and spatially. By integrating these technologies into image sensors, it will become possible to achieve high compactness, improved process compatibility, robust stability and tunable functionality. In this Review, recent representative achievements on nanophotonic image sensors are presented and analyzed including image sensors with nanophotonic color filters and polarizers, metamaterial-based THz image sensors, filter-free nanowire image sensors and nanostructured-based multispectral image sensors. This novel combination of cutting edge photonics research and well-developed commercial products may not only lead to an important application of nanophotonics but also offer great potential for next generation image sensors beyond Moore's Law expectations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Chen
- Key Lab of Nanodevices and Applications-CAS & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Xin Hu
- Key Lab of Nanodevices and Applications-CAS & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Long Wen
- Key Lab of Nanodevices and Applications-CAS & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yan Yu
- Key Lab of Nanodevices and Applications-CAS & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
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48
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Sun L, Hu X, Wu Q, Wang L, Zhao J, Yang S, Tai R, Fecht HJ, Zhang DX, Wang LQ, Jiang JZ. High throughput fabrication of large-area plasmonic color filters by soft-X-ray interference lithography. OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 24:19112-19121. [PMID: 27557190 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.019112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic color filters in mass production have been restricted from current fabrication technology, which impede their applications. Soft-X-ray interference lithography (XIL) has recently generated considerable interest as a newly developed technique for the production of periodic nano-structures with resolution theoretically below 4 nm. Here we ameliorate XIL by adding an order sorting aperture and designing the light path properly to achieve perfect-stitching nano-patterns and fast fabrication of large-area color filters. The fill factor of nanostructures prepared on ultrathin Ag films can largely affect the transmission minimum of plasmonic color filters. By changing the fill factor, the color can be controlled flexibly, improving the utilization efficiency of the mask in XIL simultaneously. The calculated data agree well with the experimental results. Finally, an underlying mechanism has been uncovered after systematically analyzing the localized surface plasmon polaritons (LSPPs) coupling in electric field distribution.
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49
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Liang S, Ma Z, Wu G, Wei N, Huang L, Huang H, Liu H, Wang S, Peng LM. Microcavity-Integrated Carbon Nanotube Photodetectors. ACS NANO 2016; 10:6963-71. [PMID: 27379375 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b02898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are considered to be highly promising nanomaterials for multiwavelength, room-temperature infrared detection applications. Here, we demonstrate a single-tube diode photodetector monolithically integrated with a Fabry-Pérot microcavity. A ∼6-fold enhanced optical absorption can be achieved, because of the confined effect of the designed optical mode. Furthermore, taking advantage of Van-Hove-singularity band structures in CNTs, we open the possibility of developing chirality-specific (n,m) CNT-film-based signal detectors. Utilizing a concept of the "resonance and off-resonance" cavity, we achieved cavity-integrated chirality-sorted CNT-film detectors working at zero bias and resonance-allowed mode, for specific target signal detection. The detectors exhibited a higher suppression ratio until a power density of 0.07 W cm(-2) and photocurrent of 5 pA, and the spectral full width at half-maximum is ∼33 nm at a signal wavelength of 1200 nm. Further, with multiple array detectors aiming at different target signals integrated on a chip, a multiwavelength signal detector system can be expected to have applications in the fields of monitoring, biosensing, color imaging, signal capture, and on-chip or space information transfers. The approach can also bring other nanomaterials into on-chip or information optoelectronics, regardless of the available doping polarity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Huaping Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter , Beijing 100190, China
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50
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Ahmadivand A, Sinha R, Vabbina PK, Karabiyik M, Kaya S, Pala N. Hot electron generation by aluminum oligomers in plasmonic ultraviolet photodetectors. OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 24:13665-13678. [PMID: 27410381 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.013665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report on an integrated plasmonic ultraviolet (UV) photodetector composed of aluminum Fano-resonant heptamer nanoantennas deposited on a Gallium Nitride (GaN) active layer which is grown on a sapphire substrate to generate significant photocurrent via formation of hot electrons by nanoclusters upon the decay of nonequilibrium plasmons. Using the plasmon hybridization theory and finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method, it is shown that the generation of hot carriers by metallic clusters illuminated by UV beam leads to a large photocurrent. The induced Fano resonance (FR) minimum across the UV spectrum allows for noticeable enhancement in the absorption of optical power yielding a plasmonic UV photodetector with a high responsivity. It is also shown that varying the thickness of the oxide layer (Al2O3) around the nanodisks (tox) in a heptamer assembly adjusted the generated photocurrent and responsivity. The proposed plasmonic structure opens new horizons for designing and fabricating efficient opto-electronics devices with high gain and responsivity.
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