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Li M, Wu S, Liu D, Ye Z, Wang L, Kan M, Ye Z, Khan M, Zhang J. Engineering Spatially Adjacent Redox Sites with Synergistic Spin Polarization Effect to Boost Photocatalytic CO 2 Methanation. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:15538-15548. [PMID: 38769050 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c04264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The integration of oxidation and reduction half-reactions to amplify their synergy presents a considerable challenge in CO2 photoconversion. Addressing this challenge requires the construction of spatially adjacent redox sites while suppressing charge recombination at these sites. This study introduces an innovative approach that utilizes spatial synergy to enable synergistic redox reactions within atomic proximity and employs spin polarization to inhibit charge recombination. We incorporate Mn into Co3O4 as a catalyst, in which Mn sites tend to enrich holes as water activation sites, while adjacent Co sites preferentially capture electrons to activate CO2, forming a spatial synergy. The direct H transfer from H2O at Mn sites facilitates the formation of *COOH on adjacent Co sites with remarkably favorable thermodynamic energy. Notably, the incorporation of Mn induces spin polarization in the system, significantly suppressing the recombination of photogenerated charges at redox sites. This effect is further enhanced by applying an external magnetic field. By synergizing spatial synergy and spin polarization, Mn/Co3O4 exhibits a CH4 production rate of 23.4 μmol g-1 h-1 from CO2 photoreduction, showcasing a 28.8 times enhancement over Co3O4. This study first introduces spin polarization to address charge recombination issues at spatially adjacent redox sites, offering novel insights for synergistic redox photocatalytic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Environmental Catalysis and Resource Utilization, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Shiqun Wu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Environmental Catalysis and Resource Utilization, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Dongni Liu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Environmental Catalysis and Resource Utilization, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhicheng Ye
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Environmental Catalysis and Resource Utilization, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Lijie Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Environmental Catalysis and Resource Utilization, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Miao Kan
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Environmental Catalysis and Resource Utilization, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Ziwei Ye
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Environmental Catalysis and Resource Utilization, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Mazhar Khan
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Environmental Catalysis and Resource Utilization, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Environmental Catalysis and Resource Utilization, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Multi-media Environmental Catalysis and Resource Utilization, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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2
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Liu Y, Ai Q, Ye G, Ye Z, Hrubý J, Wang F, Orlando T, Wang Y, Luo J, Fang Q, Zhang B, Zhai T, Lin CY, Xu C, Zhu Y, Terlier T, Hill S, Zhu H, He R, Lou J. Spin-Phonon Coupling in Iron-Doped Ultrathin Bismuth Halide Perovskite Derivatives. ACS NANO 2024; 18:12560-12568. [PMID: 38700899 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c03216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2024]
Abstract
Spin in semiconductors facilitates magnetically controlled optoelectronic and spintronic devices. In metal halide perovskites (MHPs), doping magnetic ions is proven to be a simple and efficient approach to introducing a spin magnetic momentum. In this work, we present a facile metal ion doping protocol through the vapor-phase metal halide insertion reaction to the chemical vapor deposition (CVD)-grown ultrathin Cs3BiBr6 perovskites. The Fe-doped bismuth halide (Fe:CBBr) perovskites demonstrate that the iron spins are successfully incorporated into the lattice, as revealed by the spin-phonon coupling below the critical temperature Tc around 50 K observed through temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopy. Furthermore, the phonons exhibit significant softening under an applied magnetic field, possibly originating from magnetostriction and spin exchange interaction. The spin-phonon coupling in Fe:CBBr potentially provides an efficient way to tune the spin and lattice parameters for halide perovskite-based spintronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Liu
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Qing Ai
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Gaihua Ye
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Zhipeng Ye
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Jakub Hrubý
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Tomas Orlando
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Yuguo Wang
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Jiaming Luo
- Applied Physics Program, Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Qiyi Fang
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Boyu Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Tianshu Zhai
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Chen-Yang Lin
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Clyde Xu
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Yifan Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Tanguy Terlier
- SIMS Laboratory, Shared Equipment Authority, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Stephen Hill
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Hanyu Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Rui He
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Jun Lou
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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3
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Guo L, Hu S, Gu X, Zhang R, Wang K, Yan W, Sun X. Emerging Spintronic Materials and Functionalities. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2301854. [PMID: 37309258 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202301854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The explosive growth of the information era has put forward urgent requirements for ultrahigh-speed and extremely efficient computations. In direct contrary to charge-based computations, spintronics aims to use spins as information carriers for data storage, transmission, and decoding, to help fully realize electronic device miniaturization and high integration for next-generation computing technologies. Currently, many novel spintronic materials have been developed with unique properties and multifunctionalities, including organic semiconductors (OSCs), organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites (OIHPs), and 2D materials (2DMs). These materials are useful to fulfill the demand for developing diverse and advanced spintronic devices. Herein, these promising materials are systematically reviewed for advanced spintronic applications. Due to the distinct chemical and physical structures of OSCs, OIHPs, and 2DMs, their spintronic properties (spin transport and spin manipulation) are discussed separately. In addition, some multifunctionalities due to photoelectric and chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) are overviewed, including the spin-filter effect, spin-photovoltaics, spin-light emitting devices, and spin-transistor functions. Subsequently, challenges and future perspectives of using these multifunctional materials for the development of advanced spintronics are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Shunhua Hu
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xianrong Gu
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Physical Science and Engineering, Institute of Optoelectronics Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Yan
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG9 2RD, UK
| | - Xiangnan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
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4
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Pan R, Tang X, Wang X, Liu Y, Huang L, Wang Y, Wang Z, Zhou X. Impact of Chiral Spinterfaces on Magneto-Photoluminescence Effects for Chiral Lead Halide Perovskites. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:2964-2971. [PMID: 38173093 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Chiral lead halide perovskites (LHPs) have been widely investigated in chiroptical spintronics due to their significant Rashba spin-orbit coupling (SOC) and chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS). Ferromagnet/LHP spinterface stems from the orbital hybridization at the interface of the ferromagnet and the nonmagnetic semiconductor, where interfacial density of state is spin-dependent. By far, the impact of the ferromagnet/chiral LHP spinterface on magneto-photoluminescence (Magneto-PL) of chiral LHPs remains unknown. In this work, we find that the negative and tunable Magneto-PL effects for the pristine LHP bulk film can be drastically enhanced by incorporating ferromagnetic/chiral LHP interfaces. A large Magneto-PL magnitude can reach approximately -13% for the Ni/(S-MBA)2PbI4 interface at the field strengths of ±900 mT. With the assistance of circularly polarized PL spectra, anisotropic magneto-resistance, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements, we demonstrate that the ferromagnet/chiral LHP interfaces are chirality/spin-dependent and possess ferromagnetic property due to distinct magnetic switching behavior and electronic orbit coupling at interfaces, which boost the Rashba splitting and spin mixing. The comprehensive effects of Rashba-induced exciton states and chiral-induced SOC at chiral spinterfaces with CISS are responsible for the enhanced Magneto-PL of Ni/(R/S-MBA)2PbI4. It is postulated that the chiral spinterfaces play a dominant role for achieving large and tunable magneto-optical effect of chiral LHPs. This work paves the way for chiroptical spintronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiheng Pan
- School of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Xiantong Tang
- School of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Xue Wang
- School of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Yutong Liu
- School of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Leyi Huang
- School of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Yongjie Wang
- School of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Xianju Zhou
- School of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
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5
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Zhong Y, Liu SP, Lin YP, Qi XH, Yang B, Zhang Q, Du KZ. Multi-Mode Photoluminescence Regulation in a Zero-Dimensional Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Metal Halide Perovskite─[(CH 3) 4N] 2SnCl 6. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:14422-14430. [PMID: 37607342 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Metal ion-doped zero-dimensional halide perovskites provide good platforms to generate broadband emission and explore the fundamental dynamics of emission regulations. Recently, Sb3+-doped zero-dimensional halide perovskites have attracted considerable attention for the high quantum yield of yellow emission; however, the triplet state recombination is activated and the singlet state emission is usually absent. Herein, we fabricate an Sb3+-doped zero-dimensional [(CH3)4N]2SnCl6 perovskite that can induce singlet and triplet emission. Density functional theory calculation shows that there are some overlaps between the highest occupied molecular orbitals and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals, which may induce a large energy separation between the lowest excited triplet states (T1) and the lowest excited singlet states (S1) [ΔE(S1 - T1)], impeding all the carriers' transfer from the singlet state to the triplet state. As a result, the reserved singlet emission together with the triplet emission can be regulated by excitation wavelength in situ. In addition, different Bi3+ ratios are co-doped into Sb3+@[(CH3)4N]2SnCl6, resulting in a photoluminescence ex situ regulation. Single-phase white light LED and optical anti-counterfeiting are developed further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhong
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Collage of Chemistry and Material Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, People's Republic of China
- Qinghai Environmental Monitoring Center, Xining 810000, P. R. China
| | - Si-Ping Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, P. R. China
| | - Yang-Peng Lin
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Collage of Chemistry and Material Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing-Hui Qi
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, China
| | - Bin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke-Zhao Du
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Collage of Chemistry and Material Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, People's Republic of China
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6
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Dryzhakov B, Lawrie BJ, Celio JZ, Wang M, Koehler M, Hu B. Dual Emission Bands of a 2D Perovskite Single Crystal with Charge Transfer State Characteristics. ACS NANO 2023. [PMID: 37366559 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c00496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Several hybrid halide 2D-perovskite species emit light with an emergent and controversial broadband emission Stokes-shifted down from the narrow band emission. This paper uncovers the sub- and above-bandgap emission and absorption characteristics of PEA2PbI4 prepared with gap states introduced during single crystal growth. Here, gap states led to coexistent intrinsic and heterostructured electronic frameworks that are selectively accessible with ultraviolet (UV) and infrared (IR) light, respectively, resulting in the phenomenon of photoluminescence (PL) switching from narrowband green to broadband red. Electron-energy dependent cathodoluminescence shows a relative increase in the broadband red PL intensity as the electron penetration depth increases from 30 nm to 2 μm, confirming the heterostructured framework is formed in the bulk of the crystal. Excitation-emission power slope of 2.5 and up-conversion pump transient absorption (TA) spectra suggest that the IR up-conversion excitation with red photoluminescence, peaked at 655 nm, is a multiphoton process occurring in the heterostructured framework through a nonlinear optical response. The energetic pathways toward the dual emission bands are revealed by pump-probe transient absorption spectroscopy, showing energetically broad gap states with high sensitivity to an IR pump are upconverted and subsequently quickly relax from high to low energy levels within 4 ps. Furthermore, the up-conversion red PL demonstrates a linear polarization with magnetic field effects, thus affirming that the band-like heterostructured framework is crystallographically aligned with characteristics of spatially extended charge-transfer states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Dryzhakov
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
- Institute for Advanced Materials & Manufacturing, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Benjamin J Lawrie
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, United States
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, United States
| | - Jakob Zosa Celio
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Miaosheng Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
- Institute for Advanced Materials & Manufacturing, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Michael Koehler
- Institute for Advanced Materials & Manufacturing, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
- Institute for Advanced Materials & Manufacturing, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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7
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Pan R, Tang X, Kan L, Li Y, Yu H, Wang K. Spin-photogalvanic effect in chiral lead halide perovskites. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:3300-3308. [PMID: 36723152 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr06919a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Low-temperature solution-made chiral lead halide perovskites (LHPs) have spontaneous Bychkov-Rashba spin orbit coupling (SOC) and chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) qualities. Their coexistence may give rise to considerable spin and charge conversion capabilities for spin-orbitronic applications. In this study, we demonstrate the spin-photogalvanic effect for (R-MBA)2PbI4 and (S-MBA)2PbI4 polycrystalline film-based lateral devices (100 μm channel length). The light helicity dependence of the short-circuit photocurrent exhibits the circular photogalvanic effect (CPGE) and linear photogalvanic effect (LPGE) with decent two-fold symmetry for a complete cycle in a wide temperature range from 4 K to 300 K. Because of the Rashba SOC and the material helicity, the effect is converse for the two chiral LHPs. In addition, its magnitude and sign can be effectively tuned by constant magnetic fields. The Rashba effect, CISS-generated unbalanced spin transport, and chiral-induced magnetization are mutually responsible for it. Our study evidently proves the future prospect of using chiral LHPs for spin-orbitronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiheng Pan
- School of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, 400065, China
| | - Xiantong Tang
- School of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, 400065, China
| | - Lixuan Kan
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Physical Science and Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China.
- Institute of Optoelectronics Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Yang Li
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Physical Science and Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China.
- Institute of Optoelectronics Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Haomiao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Physical Science and Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China.
- Institute of Optoelectronics Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Physical Science and Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China.
- Institute of Optoelectronics Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
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8
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Sullivan CM, Nienhaus L. Generating spin-triplet states at the bulk perovskite/organic interface for photon upconversion. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:998-1013. [PMID: 36594272 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr05767k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite-sensitized triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA) upconversion (UC) holds potential for practical applications of solid-state UC ranging from photovoltaics to sensing and imaging technologies. As the triplet sensitizer, the underlying perovskite properties heavily influence the generation of spin-triplet states once interfaced with the organic annihilator molecule, typically polyacene derivatives. Presently, most reported perovskite TTA-UC systems have utilized rubrene doped with ∼1% dibenzotetraphenylperiflanthene (RubDBP) as the annihilator/emitter species. However, practical applications require a larger apparent anti-Stokes than is currently achievable with this system due to the inherent 0.4 eV energy loss during triplet generation. In this minireview, we present the current understanding of the triplet sensitization process at the perovskite/organic semiconductor interface and introduce additional promising annihilators based on anthracene derivatives into the discussion of future directions in perovskite-sensitized TTA-UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colette M Sullivan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA.
| | - Lea Nienhaus
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA.
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9
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Liu S, Heindl MW, Fehn N, Caicedo-Dávila S, Eyre L, Kronawitter SM, Zerhoch J, Bodnar S, Shcherbakov A, Stadlbauer A, Kieslich G, Sharp ID, Egger DA, Kartouzian A, Deschler F. Optically Induced Long-Lived Chirality Memory in the Color-Tunable Chiral Lead-Free Semiconductor ( R)/( S)-CHEA 4Bi 2Br xI 10-x ( x = 0-10). J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:14079-14089. [PMID: 35895312 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c01994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hybrid organic-inorganic networks that incorporate chiral molecules have attracted great attention due to their potential in semiconductor lighting applications and optical communication. Here, we introduce a chiral organic molecule (R)/(S)-1-cyclohexylethylamine (CHEA) into bismuth-based lead-free structures with an edge-sharing octahedral motif, to synthesize chiral lead-free (R)/(S)-CHEA4Bi2BrxI10-x crystals and thin films. Using single-crystal X-ray diffraction measurements and density functional theory calculations, we identify crystal and electronic band structures. We investigate the materials' optical properties and find circular dichroism, which we tune by the bromide-iodide ratio over a wide wavelength range, from 300 to 500 nm. We further employ transient absorption spectroscopy and time-correlated single photon counting to investigate charge carrier dynamics, which show long-lived excitations with optically induced chirality memory up to tens of nanosecond timescales. Our demonstration of chirality memory in a color-tunable chiral lead-free semiconductor opens a new avenue for the discovery of high-performance, lead-free spintronic materials with chiroptical functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangpu Liu
- Walter Schottky Institute, Technical University of Munich, Am Coulombwall 4, Garching 85748, Germany.,Department of Physics, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Markus W Heindl
- Walter Schottky Institute, Technical University of Munich, Am Coulombwall 4, Garching 85748, Germany.,Department of Physics, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Natalie Fehn
- Catalysis Research Center and Chemistry Department, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Sebastián Caicedo-Dávila
- Department of Physics, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Lissa Eyre
- Walter Schottky Institute, Technical University of Munich, Am Coulombwall 4, Garching 85748, Germany.,Department of Physics, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Silva Maria Kronawitter
- Catalysis Research Center and Chemistry Department, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Jonathan Zerhoch
- Walter Schottky Institute, Technical University of Munich, Am Coulombwall 4, Garching 85748, Germany.,Department of Physics, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Stanislav Bodnar
- Walter Schottky Institute, Technical University of Munich, Am Coulombwall 4, Garching 85748, Germany.,Department of Physics, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Andrii Shcherbakov
- Walter Schottky Institute, Technical University of Munich, Am Coulombwall 4, Garching 85748, Germany.,Department of Physics, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Anna Stadlbauer
- Walter Schottky Institute, Technical University of Munich, Am Coulombwall 4, Garching 85748, Germany.,Department of Physics, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Gregor Kieslich
- Catalysis Research Center and Chemistry Department, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Ian D Sharp
- Walter Schottky Institute, Technical University of Munich, Am Coulombwall 4, Garching 85748, Germany.,Department of Physics, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - David A Egger
- Department of Physics, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Aras Kartouzian
- Catalysis Research Center and Chemistry Department, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Felix Deschler
- Walter Schottky Institute, Technical University of Munich, Am Coulombwall 4, Garching 85748, Germany.,Department of Physics, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, Garching 85748, Germany
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10
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Kim YH, Park J, Kim S, Kim JS, Xu H, Jeong SH, Hu B, Lee TW. Exploiting the full advantages of colloidal perovskite nanocrystals for large-area efficient light-emitting diodes. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 17:590-597. [PMID: 35577974 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-022-01113-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cost-effective, high-throughput industrial applications of metal halide perovskites in large-area displays are hampered by the fundamental difficulty of controlling the process of polycrystalline film formation from precursors, which results in the random growth of crystals, leading to non-uniform large grains and thus low electroluminescence efficiency in large-area perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs). Here we report that highly efficient large-area PeLEDs with high uniformity can be realized through the use of colloidal perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs), decoupling the crystallization of perovskites from film formation. PNCs were precrystallized and surrounded by organic ligands, and thus they were not affected by the film formation process, in which a simple modified bar-coating method facilitated the evaporation of residual solvent to provide uniform large-area films. PeLEDs incorporating the uniform bar-coated PNC films achieved an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 23.26% for a pixel size of 4 mm2 and an EQE of 22.5% for a large pixel area of 102 mm2 with high reproducibility. This method provides a promising approach towards the development of large-scale industrial displays and solid-state lighting using perovskite emitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Hoon Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwoo Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjin Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Sung Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hengxing Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Su-Hun Jeong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Tae-Woo Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Engineering Research, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Soft Foundry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Zhang CC, Yuan S, Lou YH, Okada H, Wang ZK. Physical Fields Manipulation for High-Performance Perovskite Photovoltaics. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2107556. [PMID: 35043565 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202107556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
With the efforts of researchers from all over the world, metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been booming rapidly in recent years. Generally, perovskite films are sensitive to surrounding conditions and will be changed under the action of physical fields, resulting in lattice distortion, degradation, ion migration, and so on. In this review, the progress of physical fields manipulation in PSCs, including the electric field, magnetic field, light field, stress field, and thermal field are reviewed. On this basis, the influences of these fields on PSCs are summarized and prospected. Finally, challenges and prospective research directions on how to make better use of external-fields while minimizing the unnecessary and disruptive impacts on commercial PSCs with high-efficiency and steady output are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong-Cong Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
- Graduate School of Science & Engineering, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-8555, Japan
| | - Shuai Yuan
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Yan-Hui Lou
- School of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations, Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Hiroyuki Okada
- Graduate School of Science & Engineering, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-8555, Japan
| | - Zhao-Kui Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
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12
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Zhang Q, Yu H, Pei L, Li J, Wang K, Zhang J, Wang M, Hu B. External Field-Tunable Internal Orbit-Orbit Interaction in Flexible Perovskites. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:10323-10328. [PMID: 33227199 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c02934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In hybrid metal halide perovskites, electrons carry both orbital and spin momenta through s-p wave function hybridization. This leads to a hypothesis that the orbit-orbit interaction between excitons can occur through orbital magnetic dipoles forming short-range interaction or through orbital polarizations forming long-range interaction to influence optoelectronic properties. This Letter reports an interesting phenomenon: the orbit-orbit interaction can be electrically switched between orbital magnetic dipoles and orbital polarizations in a flexible perovskite (MAPbI3-xClx) solar cell by scanning an external voltage between forward and reverse biases (0.2 and -0.2 V). Essentially, this phenomenon presents an external mechanism for electrically controlling the internal orbit-orbit interaction in hybrid perovskites. It was further observed that this bias-switchable orbit-orbit interaction is sensitive to temperature, becoming negligible when the temperature is decreased from 300 to 250 K. This observation indicates that the mobile ions driven by an external electrical field provide an intrinsic mechanism for electrically switching the orbit-orbit interaction through polarization and spin parameters while applying an external voltage between forward and reverse biases. These results provide a comprehensive understanding of tuning the orbit-orbit interaction in flexible perovskites toward developing orbitronic actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Haomiao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Liying Pei
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Jinpeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Miaosheng Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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13
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Ning W, Bao J, Puttisong Y, Moro F, Kobera L, Shimono S, Wang L, Ji F, Cuartero M, Kawaguchi S, Abbrent S, Ishibashi H, De Marco R, Bouianova IA, Crespo GA, Kubota Y, Brus J, Chung DY, Sun L, Chen WM, Kanatzidis MG, Gao F. Magnetizing lead-free halide double perovskites. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/45/eabb5381. [PMID: 33158858 PMCID: PMC7673701 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abb5381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Spintronics holds great potential for next-generation high-speed and low-power consumption information technology. Recently, lead halide perovskites (LHPs), which have gained great success in optoelectronics, also show interesting magnetic properties. However, the spin-related properties in LHPs originate from the spin-orbit coupling of Pb, limiting further development of these materials in spintronics. Here, we demonstrate a new generation of halide perovskites, by alloying magnetic elements into optoelectronic double perovskites, which provide rich chemical and structural diversities to host different magnetic elements. In our iron-alloyed double perovskite, Cs2Ag(Bi:Fe)Br6, Fe3+ replaces Bi3+ and forms FeBr6 clusters that homogenously distribute throughout the double perovskite crystals. We observe a strong temperature-dependent magnetic response at temperatures below 30 K, which is tentatively attributed to a weak ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic response from localized regions. We anticipate that this work will stimulate future efforts in exploring this simple yet efficient approach to develop new spintronic materials based on lead-free double perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Ning
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping SE-581 83, Sweden
| | - Jinke Bao
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Yuttapoom Puttisong
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping SE-581 83, Sweden
| | - Fabrizo Moro
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping SE-581 83, Sweden
| | - Libor Kobera
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovskeho nam. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Seiya Shimono
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Defense Academy, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 239-8686, Japan
| | - Linqin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fuxiang Ji
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping SE-581 83, Sweden
| | - Maria Cuartero
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shogo Kawaguchi
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), SPring-8, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Sabina Abbrent
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovskeho nam. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Hiroki Ishibashi
- Department of Physical Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Roland De Marco
- Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, 90 Sippy Downs Drive, Sippy Downs, QLD 4556, Australia
| | - Irina A Bouianova
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping SE-581 83, Sweden
| | - Gaston A Crespo
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yoshiki Kubota
- Department of Physical Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Jiri Brus
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovskeho nam. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Duck Young Chung
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Licheng Sun
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
- Center of Artificial Photosynthesis for Solar Fuels, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Weimin M Chen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping SE-581 83, Sweden
| | - Mercouri G Kanatzidis
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping SE-581 83, Sweden.
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14
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Zhang J, Qin J, Wu T, Hu B. Doping Induced Orbit-Orbit Interaction between Excitons While Enhancing Photovoltaic Performance in Tin Perovskite Solar Cells. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:6996-7001. [PMID: 32787196 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Doping has been used as a common method to improve photovoltaic performance in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). This paper reports a new phenomenon that the SnF2 doping can largely increase the exciton-exciton interaction through orbital magnetic dipoles toward increasing dissociation probabilities in lead-free FASnI2Br PSCs. Essentially, when orbit-orbit interaction between excitons occurs, linearly and circularly polarized photoexcitations can inevitably generate different photocurrents, giving rise to a ΔJsc phenomenon. Here, it is found that, when SnF2 doping is used to boost photovoltaic efficiency to 7.61%, the orbit-orbit interaction is increased by a factor of 2.2, shown as the ΔJsc changed from 1.21% to 0.55%. Simultaneously, magnetic field effects of Jsc indicate that increasing orbit-orbit interaction leads to an increase on the spin-orbital coupling in Sn perovskites (FASnI2Br) upon SnF2 doping. This presents a new doping effect occurring in the Sn perovskite solar cell toward enhancing photovoltaic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Jiajun Qin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Ting Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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15
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Wang M, Zou H, Zhang J, Wu T, Xu H, Haacke S, Hu B. Extremely Long Spin Lifetime of Light-Emitting States in Quasi-2D Perovskites through Orbit-Orbit Interaction. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:3647-3652. [PMID: 32302144 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c00842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports an extremely long spin relaxation time of optically polarized light-emitting states at room temperature in quasi-2D perovskites [(PEA)2(MA)4Pb5Br16 with n = 5], when the long-range orbit-orbit interaction between excited states is developed through orbital polarization. Our studies found that the quasi-2D perovskite [(PEA)2(MA)4Pb5Br16 with n = 5] demonstrates a long-range orbit-orbit interaction between excited states to conserve the spins of optically polarized light-emitting states, identified by the positive change on photoluminescence intensity (+ΔPL) in steady state upon switching the photoexcitation from linear to circular polarization. Meanwhile, the PL circular polarization (σ+σ+ - σ+σ-) can maintain in nanosecond under fixed photoexcitation (σ+). In contrast, the 2D/3D mixed perovskite (n > 5) shows a short-range orbit-orbit interaction between excited states through orbital magnetic dipoles, identified by the -ΔPL by switching from linear to circular photoexcitation. At the same time, the spin lifetime of light-emitting states becomes undetectable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaosheng Wang
- Joint Institute for Advanced Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Han Zou
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, UMR 7504, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jia Zhang
- Joint Institute for Advanced Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Ting Wu
- Joint Institute for Advanced Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Hengxing Xu
- Joint Institute for Advanced Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Stefan Haacke
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, UMR 7504, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Bin Hu
- Joint Institute for Advanced Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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16
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Pham MT, Amerling E, Luong HM, Pham HT, Larsen GK, Whittaker-Brooks L, Nguyen TD. Origin of Rashba Spin-Orbit Coupling in 2D and 3D Lead Iodide Perovskites. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4964. [PMID: 32188917 PMCID: PMC7080819 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61768-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We studied spin dynamics of charge carriers in the superlattice-like Ruddlesden-Popper hybrid lead iodide perovskite semiconductors, 2D (BA)2(MA)Pb2I7 (with MA = CH3NH3, and BA = CH3(CH2)3NH3), and 3D MAPbI3 using the magnetic field effect (MFE) on conductivity and electroluminescence in their light emitting diodes (LEDs) at cryogenic temperatures. The semiconductors with distinct structural/bulk inversion symmetry breaking, when combined with colossal intrinsic spin-orbit coupling (SOC), theoretically give rise to giant Rashba-type SOC. We found that the magneto-conductance (MC) magnitude increases monotonically with the emission intensity and saturates at ≈0.05% and 0.11% for the MAPbI3 and (BA)2(MA)Pb2I7, respectively. The magneto-electroluminescence (MEL) response with similar line shapes as the MC response has a significantly larger magnitude, and essentially stays constant at ≈0.22% and ≈0.20% for MAPbI3 and (BA)2(MA)Pb2I7, respectively. The sign and magnitude of the MC and MEL responses can be quantitatively explained in the framework of the Δg-based excitonic model using rate equations. Remarkably, the width of the MEL response in those materials linearly increases with increasing the applied electric field, where the Rashba coefficient in (BA)2(MA)Pb2I7 is estimated to be about 7 times larger than that in MAPbI3. Our studies might have significant impact on future development of electrically-controlled spin logic devices via Rashba-like effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh T Pham
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Eric Amerling
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Hoang M Luong
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Huy T Pham
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Phenikaa University, Ha Dong, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - George K Larsen
- National Security Directorate, Savannah River National Laboratory, Aiken, South Carolina, 29808, USA
| | | | - Tho D Nguyen
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
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17
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Li F, Ding J, Yu W, Guan X, Wang P, Wu D, Wu T. Light-Enhanced Spin Diffusion in Hybrid Perovskite Thin Films and Single Crystals. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:3205-3213. [PMID: 31859473 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b18562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Organolead trihalide perovskites have attracted substantial interest with regard to applications in charge-based photovoltaic and optoelectronic devices because of their low processing costs and remarkable light absorption and charge transport properties. Although spin is an intrinsic quantum descriptor of a particle and spintronics has been a central research theme in condensed matter physics, few studies have explored the spin degree of freedom in the emerging hybrid perovskites. Here, we report the characterization of a spin valve that uses hybrid perovskite films as the spin-transporting medium between two ferromagnetic electrodes. Because of the light-responsive nature of the hybrid perovskite, a high magnetoresistance of 97% and a large spin-diffusion length of 81 nm were achieved at 10 K under light illumination in polycrystalline films. Furthermore, by using thin perovskite single crystals, we discovered that the spin-diffusion length was able to reach 1 μm at low temperatures. Our results indicate that the spin relaxation is not significant as previously expected in such lead-containing materials and demonstrate the potential of low-temperature-processed hybrid perovskites as new active materials in spintronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- Materials Science and Engineering , King Abdullah University of Science and Technology , Thuwal 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia
- College of Physical Science and Technology , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , People's Republic of China
| | - Junfeng Ding
- Materials Science and Engineering , King Abdullah University of Science and Technology , Thuwal 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Weili Yu
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Changchun 130033 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xinwei Guan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , University of New South Wales (UNSW) , Sydney , New South Wales 2052 , Australia
| | - Peng Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics , Nanjing University , 22 Hankou Road , Nanjing 210093 , People's Republic of China
| | - Di Wu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics , Nanjing University , 22 Hankou Road , Nanjing 210093 , People's Republic of China
| | - Tom Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , University of New South Wales (UNSW) , Sydney , New South Wales 2052 , Australia
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18
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Hagi S, Kato K, Hinoshita M, Yoshino H, Shikoh E, Teki Y. Low-magnetic field effect and electrically detected magnetic resonance measurements of photocurrent in vacuum vapor deposition films of weak charge-transfer pyrene/dimethylpyromellitdiimide (Py/DMPI) complex. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:244704. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5129188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Hagi
- Division of Molecular Materials Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Ken Kato
- Division of Molecular Materials Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Masumi Hinoshita
- Division of Molecular Materials Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Harukazu Yoshino
- Division of Molecular Materials Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Eiji Shikoh
- Department of Physical Electronics and Informatics, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Yoshio Teki
- Division of Molecular Materials Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
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19
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Zhu X, Xu H, Liu Y, Zhang J, Wang M, Ivanov IN, Ovchinnikova OS, Hu B. Two-Photon Up-Conversion Photoluminescence Realized through Spatially Extended Gap States in Quasi-2D Perovskite Films. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1901240. [PMID: 31643103 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201901240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A new approach to generate a two-photon up-conversion photoluminescence (PL) by directly exciting the gap states with continuous-wave (CW) infrared photoexcitation in solution-processing quasi-2D perovskite films [(PEA)2 (MA)4 Pb5 Br16 with n = 5] is reported. Specifically, a visible PL peaked at 520 nm is observed with the quadratic power dependence by exciting the gap states with CW 980 nm laser excitation, indicating a two-photon up-conversion PL occurring in quasi-2D perovskite films. Decreasing the gap states by reducing the n value leads to a dramatic decrease in the two-photon up-conversion PL signal. This confirms that the gap states are indeed responsible for generating the two-photon up-conversion PL in quasi-2D perovskites. Furthermore, mechanical scratching indicates that the different-n-value nanoplates are essentially uniformly formed in the quasi-2D perovskite films toward generating multi-photon up-conversion light emission. More importantly, the two-photon up-conversion PL is found to be sensitive to an external magnetic field, indicating that the gap states are essentially formed as spatially extended states ready for multi-photon excitation. Polarization-dependent up-conversion PL studies reveal that the gap states experience the orbit-orbit interaction through Coulomb polarization to form spatially extended states toward developing multi-photon up-conversion light emission in quasi-2D perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixiang Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Hengxing Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Yongtao Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
- Center for Nanophase Materials Science, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Jia Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Miaosheng Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Ilia N Ivanov
- Center for Nanophase Materials Science, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Olga S Ovchinnikova
- Center for Nanophase Materials Science, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
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20
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Diao XF, Tang YL, Xie Q, Chen DL, Li SX, Liu GF. Study on the Property of Electron-Transport Layer in the Doped Formamidinium Lead Iodide Perovskite Based on DFT. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:20024-20035. [PMID: 31788637 PMCID: PMC6882109 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The electron-transport layer in planar perovskite solar cells plays an important role in improving photoelectric conversion efficiency. At present, the main electronic transmission materials in perovskite solar cells include TiO2, ZnO, WO3, ZrO2, SnO2, ZnO2, etc. This work mainly studies the electron-transport characteristics of six different electron-transport layers in perovskite solar cells. Based on the density functional theory, the electron-transport model of a solar cell doped with formamidinium iodide lead compound perovskite under six different electron-transport materials was constructed, and their effective electron mass and the mobility of carriers were obtained by optimizing the structure and theoretical calculation. The results show that the mobility of electrons in TiO2 crystal is slightly higher than that of FA0.75Cs0.25Sn0.5Pb0.5I3 carriers. Because of their high matching degree, it can be reasonably explained that titanium dioxide has been widely used in perovskite solar cells and achieved higher photoelectric conversion efficiency. In addition, the mobility of carriers in WO3 and SnO2 crystals is also high, so they also have great advantages in carrier transport. Due to its abundant, nontoxic, and low-pollution content, TiO2 has become the most widely used electronic transmission layer material for solar cells. Furthermore, we have explored eight new semiconductor materials that have not yet been used in perovskite solar cells as the electron-transport layer. The calculation results show that Ta2O5 and Bi2O3 are promising materials for the electron-transport layer. This study provides a theoretical basis for seeking better electronic transmission materials for solar cells in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Feng Diao
- School of Big Data and Information Engineering and School of Physics, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- School
of Physics and Electronic Sciences, Guizhou
Normal College, Guiyang 550018, China
| | - Yan-lin Tang
- School of Big Data and Information Engineering and School of Physics, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Quan Xie
- School of Big Data and Information Engineering and School of Physics, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - De-Liang Chen
- School
of Physics and Electronic Sciences, Guizhou
Normal College, Guiyang 550018, China
| | - Shi-xiong Li
- School
of Physics and Electronic Sciences, Guizhou
Normal College, Guiyang 550018, China
| | - Gao-Fu Liu
- School
of Physics and Electronic Sciences, Guizhou
Normal College, Guiyang 550018, China
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21
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Abstract
We present organic, diamagnetic materials based on structurally simple (hetero-)tolane derivatives. They form crystalline thin-film aggregates that are suitable for Faraday rotation (FR) spectroscopy. The resulting new materials are characterized appropriately by common spectroscopic (NMR, UV-Vis), microscopy (POM), and XRD techniques. The spectroscopic studies give extremely high FR activities, thus making these materials promising candidates for future practical applications. Other than a proper explanation, we insist on the complexity of designing efficient FR materials starting from single molecules.
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22
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Huang XD, Jia JG, Kurmoo M, Bao SS, Zheng LM. Interplay of anthracene luminescence and dysprosium magnetism by steric control of photodimerization. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:13769-13779. [PMID: 31482159 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt02854d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Systematic control of the intermolecular pair-wise [4 + 4] photocycloaddition of a series of dysprosium phosphonates through fine-tuning of two different phosphonate ligands, one with a bidentate blocker and one with an anthracene antenna, both with alkyl substituents, reveals a size dependent rate. With bulky isopropyl on the diphosphonate blocker little response to UV light is observed. In contrast, compounds with ethyl which has less steric hindrance exhibit almost complete photocycloaddition. Interestingly, the alkyl substituents attached to anthracene monophosphonate have no evident effect on the reaction rate. Although no direct relationship can be found between the substitutions and the observed differences in field-induced single molecule magnetism, remarkable changes in magnetic dynamics are observed for complexes before and after the complete photocycloaddition reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Da Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China.
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23
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Yu H, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Lu K, Han C, Yang Y, Wang K, Wang X, Wang M, Zhang J, Hu B. Using Mechanical Stress to Investigate the Rashba Effect in Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Perovskites. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:5446-5450. [PMID: 31461614 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b01985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites simultaneously possess strong spin-orbit coupling (SOC) and structure inversion asymmetry, establishing a Rashba effect to influence light emission and photovoltaics. Here, we use mechanical bending as a convenient approach to investigate the Rashba effect through SOC in perovskite (MAPbI3-xClx) films by elastically deforming grains. It is observed that applying a concave bending can broaden the line shape of the magnetophotocurrent, increasing the internal magnetic parameter B0 from 121 to 205 mT, which indicates an enhancement on SOC. Interestingly, the PL lifetime is found to be enlarged from 9.9 to 14.8 ns under this bending, which suggests that introducing compressive strain can essentially increase the Rashba effect through SOC, leading to an increase upon indirect band transition. Furthermore, the PL peak associated with the Rashba effect is shifted from 776 to 780 nm under this mechanical bending. Therefore, mechanical bending provides a convenient experimental method to approach the Rashba effect in hybrid perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haomiao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Science , Beijing Jiaotong University , Beijing 100044 , People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Science , Beijing Jiaotong University , Beijing 100044 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yaru Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Science , Beijing Jiaotong University , Beijing 100044 , People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Lu
- Wu Han National Laboratory for Optoelectronics , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , Hubei Province 430074 , China
| | - Changfeng Han
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Science , Beijing Jiaotong University , Beijing 100044 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yijun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Science , Beijing Jiaotong University , Beijing 100044 , People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Science , Beijing Jiaotong University , Beijing 100044 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Science , Beijing Jiaotong University , Beijing 100044 , People's Republic of China
| | - Miaosheng Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Tennessee , Knoxville , Tennessee 37996 , United States
| | - Jia Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Tennessee , Knoxville , Tennessee 37996 , United States
| | - Bin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Science , Beijing Jiaotong University , Beijing 100044 , People's Republic of China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Tennessee , Knoxville , Tennessee 37996 , United States
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24
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Lead-free thermochromic perovskites with tunable transition temperatures for smart window applications. Sci China Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-019-9487-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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25
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Jia W, Ikoma T, Chen L, Zhu H, Tang X, Qu F, Xiong Z. Using magneto-electroluminescence as a fingerprint to identify the spin polarization and spin-orbit coupling of magnetic nanoparticle doped polymer light emitting diodes. RSC Adv 2019; 9:15845-15851. [PMID: 35521377 PMCID: PMC9064273 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra01501a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The spin polarization and spin-orbit coupling (SOC) in polymer light emitting diodes (PLEDs) with the active layer doped with Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) were identified through magneto-electroluminescence (MEL). By comparing the MEL characteristics such as linewidth and magnitude between PLEDs with and without Fe3O4 dopant, we confirmed the existence of spin polarization, but ruled out the existence of SOC. Although the spin polarization is positive to electroluminescence, the brightness-current characteristics suggested that the current efficiency of the doped PLED does not improve. We attributed it to the current leakage caused by the Fe3O4 NPs in the active layer. This work is beneficial for us to further understand the effect of magnetic nanoparticle doping on the dynamic behavior of excitons and polaron pairs in organic semiconductor devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyao Jia
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University Chongqing 400715 People's Republic of China
- MOE Key Laboratory on Luminescence and Real-Time Analysis, Southwest University Chongqing 400715 People's Republic of China
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University 2-8050 Ikarashi, Nishi-ku Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| | - Tadaaki Ikoma
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University 2-8050 Ikarashi, Nishi-ku Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| | - Lixiang Chen
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University Chongqing 400715 People's Republic of China
| | - Hongqiang Zhu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University Chongqing 400715 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiantong Tang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University Chongqing 400715 People's Republic of China
| | - Fenlan Qu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University Chongqing 400715 People's Republic of China
| | - Zuhong Xiong
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University Chongqing 400715 People's Republic of China
- MOE Key Laboratory on Luminescence and Real-Time Analysis, Southwest University Chongqing 400715 People's Republic of China
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26
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Nakazaki J, Segawa H. Evolution of organometal halide solar cells. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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27
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Li J, Pei Q, Wang R, Zhou Y, Zhang Z, Cao Q, Wang D, Mi W, Du Y. Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance through Magnetic Field Boosting Carrier Transport. ACS NANO 2018; 12:3351-3359. [PMID: 29611413 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b08770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The promotion of magnetic field on catalytic performance has attracted extensive attention for a long time, and substantial improvements have been achieved in some catalysis fields. However, because the Zeeman energy is several orders of magnitude weaker, magnetic field seems unable to alter the band structure and has a negligible effect on semiconductor photocatalytic performance, which makes this task a great challenge. On the other hand, the spin-related behavior usually plays an important role in determining catalytic performance. For example, in some molecular catalysis, such as photosystem II, ferromagnetic alignment of the active material results in spin-oriented electrons, which are selected and accumulated at the interface, leading to great promotion of the oxygen evolution reaction activity. Here, we propose a magnetoresistance-related strategy to boost the carrier transfer efficiency and apply it in α-Fe2O3/reduced graphene oxide hybrid nanostructures (α-Fe2O3/rGO) to improve the photocatalytic performance under magnetic field. We show that both the degradation rate constant and photocurrent density of α-Fe2O3/rGO can be dramatically enhanced with the application of magnetic field, indicating the promotion of the photocatalytic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Nanotechnology , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093 , China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093 , China
| | - Qi Pei
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparation Technology, School of Science , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Ruyi Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Nanotechnology , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093 , China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093 , China
| | - Yong Zhou
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Nanotechnology , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093 , China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093 , China
| | - Zhengming Zhang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Nanotechnology , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093 , China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093 , China
| | - Qingqi Cao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Nanotechnology , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093 , China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093 , China
| | - Dunhui Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Nanotechnology , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093 , China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093 , China
| | - Wenbo Mi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparation Technology, School of Science , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Youwei Du
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Nanotechnology , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093 , China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093 , China
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28
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Kato K, Hagi S, Hinoshita M, Shikoh E, Teki Y. Photoconductivity and magnetoconductance effects on vacuum vapor deposition films of weak charge-transfer complexes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018. [PMID: 28640308 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp02781h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Thin films of weak charge-transfer (CT) complexes (pyrene/dimethylpyromellitdiimide or pyrene/pyromellitic dianhydride) were prepared on an interdigitated platinum electrode by vacuum vapor deposition. Their photoconductivity and magnetoconductance (MC) effects were investigated, and mobile triplet excitons (probably CT excitons) were detected by time-resolved ESR (TRESR) at room temperature. The MC effect on the photocurrent was observed and analyzed by quantum-mechanical simulation assuming two types of collision mechanisms between the electron and hole carriers and between the trapped triplet excitons and mobile carriers. A successful simulation was achieved when the parameters (g, D, E, and polarization) determined by TRESR and the effective hyperfine splitting estimated from an ab initio molecular-orbital calculation were used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Kato
- Division of Molecular Materials Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.
| | - Shogo Hagi
- Division of Molecular Materials Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.
| | - Masumi Hinoshita
- Division of Molecular Materials Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.
| | - Eiji Shikoh
- Department of Physical Electronics and Informatics, Graduate School of Enginnering, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Yoshio Teki
- Division of Molecular Materials Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.
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29
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Zhai Y, Baniya S, Zhang C, Li J, Haney P, Sheng CX, Ehrenfreund E, Vardeny ZV. Giant Rashba splitting in 2D organic-inorganic halide perovskites measured by transient spectroscopies. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2017; 3:e1700704. [PMID: 28782030 PMCID: PMC5533538 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1700704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) layered hybrid organic-inorganic halide perovskite semiconductors form natural "multiple quantum wells" that have strong spin-orbit coupling due to the heavy elements in their building blocks. This may lead to "Rashba splitting" close to the extrema in the electron bands. We have used a plethora of ultrafast transient, nonlinear optical spectroscopies and theoretical calculations to study the primary (excitons) and long-lived (free carriers) photoexcitations in thin films of 2D perovskite, namely, (C6H5C2H4NH3)2PbI4. The density functional theory calculation shows the occurrence of Rashba splitting in the plane perpendicular to the 2D barrier. From the electroabsorption spectrum and photoinduced absorption spectra from excitons and free carriers, we obtain a giant Rashba splitting in this compound, with energy splitting of (40 ± 5) meV and Rashba parameter of (1.6 ± 0.1) eV·Å, which are among the highest Rashba splitting size parameters reported so far. This finding shows that 2D hybrid perovskites have great promise for potential applications in spintronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Zhai
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Sangita Baniya
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Chuang Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Junwen Li
- Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
- Maryland NanoCenter, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Paul Haney
- Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Chuan-Xiang Sheng
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
- Corresponding author. (Z.V.V.); (C.-X.S.)
| | - Eitan Ehrenfreund
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Physics Department and Solid State Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Zeev Valy Vardeny
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Corresponding author. (Z.V.V.); (C.-X.S.)
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30
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Mosconi E, Etienne T, De Angelis F. Rashba Band Splitting in Organohalide Lead Perovskites: Bulk and Surface Effects. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:2247-2252. [PMID: 28467716 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b00328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A Rashba/Dresselhaus band splitting has been recently measured in organohalide perovskites and invoked in various experiments as a possible cause for the reduced electron-hole recombination rates observed in this class of materials. In this Perspective, we discuss the interplay of electronic and nuclear degrees of freedom in defining such an effect in realistic methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) models. We distinguish between bulk and surface effects and find that, while a spatially local (in time and space) effect may be at work in the bulk, a "static" band-splitting effect is found at surfaces due to structural distortion. The proposed surface effect is consistent with the low surface recombination reported for MAPbI3 single crystals and might contribute to the success of organohalide perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Mosconi
- Computational Laboratory for Hybrid/Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), CNR-ISTM, via Elce di Sotto, I-06123, Perugia, Italy
- CompuNet, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Thibaud Etienne
- Computational Laboratory for Hybrid/Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), CNR-ISTM, via Elce di Sotto, I-06123, Perugia, Italy
- Institut Charles Gerhardt - CNRS and Université de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Filippo De Angelis
- Computational Laboratory for Hybrid/Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), CNR-ISTM, via Elce di Sotto, I-06123, Perugia, Italy
- CompuNet, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
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31
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Li Y, Ding B, Chu QQ, Yang GJ, Wang M, Li CX, Li CJ. Ultra-high open-circuit voltage of perovskite solar cells induced by nucleation thermodynamics on rough substrates. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46141. [PMID: 28401890 PMCID: PMC5388881 DOI: 10.1038/srep46141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
To obtain high performance CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite solar cells, it is highly important to realise a high open-circuit voltage. Calculation results based on a modified diode model have indicated that a low bare ratio ϕ of the perovskite film is the most important factor determining the open-circuit voltage, where ϕ is defined as the ratio of the projection of the uncovered area of the perovskite film to the apparent area of the total substrate surface. To realise a low ϕ, we investigate the nucleation behaviour of crystals on rough substrates. The analysis results predict that, when CH3NH3PbI3 is deposited on conventional transparent conductive oxide substrates such as fluorine-doped tin oxide, preferential heterogeneous nucleation will occur on the concave regions of the substrate; then, depending on the subsequent growth step, full coverage of the perovskite film at both the macroscopic and microscopic scales is realised. As a result, an ultra-high open-circuit voltage, i.e., 1.20 V, can be achieved in devices using the full coverage CH3NH3PbI3 film. The thermodynamics theory of precipitation nucleation should shed light on solution engineering of thin films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
| | - Bin Ding
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
| | - Qian-Qian Chu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
| | - Guan-Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
| | - Mingkui Wang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P.R. China
| | - Chang-Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
| | - Chang-Jiu Li
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
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32
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Zhang C, Sun D, Liu X, Sheng CX, Vardeny ZV. Temperature-Dependent Electric Field Poling Effects in CH 3NH 3PbI 3 Optoelectronic Devices. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:1429-1435. [PMID: 28299942 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b00353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Organo-lead halide perovskites show excellent optoelectronic properties; however, the unexpected inconsistency in forward-backward I-V characteristics remains a problem for fabricating solar panels. Here we have investigated the reasons behind this "hysteresis" by following the changes in photocurrent and photoluminescence under electric field poling in transverse CH3NH3PbI3-based devices from 300 to 10 K. We found that the hysteresis disappears at cryogenic temperatures, indicating the "freeze-out" of the ionic diffusion contribution. When the same device is cooled under continuous poling, the built-in electric field from ion accumulation brings significant photovoltaic effect even at 10 K. From the change of photoluminescence upon polling, we found a second dipole-related mechanism which enhances radiative recombination upon the alignment of the organic cations. The ionic origin of hysteresis was also verified by applying a magnetic field to affect the ion diffusion. These findings reveal the coexistence of ionic and dipole-related mechanisms for the hysteresis in hybrid perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Dali Sun
- Department of Physics, North Carolina State University , Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Xiaojie Liu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Chuan-Xiang Sheng
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Zeev Valy Vardeny
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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33
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Xu H, Qin W, Li M, Wu T, Hu B. Magneto-Photoluminescence Based on Two-Photon Excitation in Lanthanide-Doped Up-Conversion Crystal Particles. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2017; 13:1603363. [PMID: 28218449 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201603363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Experimental studies on magneto-photoluminescence based on two-photon excitation in up-conversion Y2 O2 S:Er, Yb crystal particles are reported. It is found that the up-conversion photoluminescence generated by two-photon excitation exhibits magnetic field effects at room temperature, leading to a two-photon excitation-induced magneto-photoluminescence, when the two-photon excitation exceeds the critical intensity. By considering the spin selection rule in electronic transitions, it is proposed that spin-antiparallel and spin-parallel transition dipoles with spin mixing are accountable for the observed magneto-photoluminescence. Specifically, the two-photon excitation generates spin-antiparallel electric dipoles between 4 S3/2 -4 I15/2 in Er3+ ions. The antiparallel spins are conserved by exchange interaction within dipoles. When the photoexcitation exceeds the critical intensity, the Coulomb screening can decrease the exchange interaction. Consequently, the spin-orbital coupling can partially convert the antiparallel dipoles into parallel dipoles, generating a spin mixing. Eventually, the populations between antiparallel and parallel dipoles reach an equilibrium established by the competition between exchange interaction and spin-orbital coupling. Applying a magnetic field can break the equilibrium by disturbing spin mixing through introducing spin precessions, changing the spin populations on antiparallel and parallel dipoles and leading to the magneto-photoluminescence. Therefore, spin-dependent transition dipoles present a convenient mechanism to realize magneto-photoluminescence in multiphoton up-conversion crystal particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengxing Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Wei Qin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Mingxing Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Ting Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
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34
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Li M, Li L, Mukherjee R, Wang K, Liu Q, Zou Q, Xu H, Tisdale J, Gai Z, Ivanov IN, Mandrus D, Hu B. Magnetodielectric Response from Spin-Orbital Interaction Occurring at Interface of Ferromagnetic Co and Organometal Halide Perovskite Layers via Rashba Effect. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1603667. [PMID: 27918110 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201603667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The spin on a ferromagnetic Co surface can interact with the asymmetric orbital on an organometal halide perovskite surface, leading to an anisotropic magnetodielectric effect. This study presents an opportunity to integrate ferromagnetic and semiconducting properties through the Rasbha effect for achieving spin-dependent electronic functionalities based on thin-film design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxing Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Rupam Mukherjee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Kai Wang
- College of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Qiang Zou
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Hengxing Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Jeremy Tisdale
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Zheng Gai
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Ilia N Ivanov
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - David Mandrus
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
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35
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Guo H, Huang X, Pu B, Yang J, Chen H, Zhou Y, Yang J, Li Y, Wang Z, Niu X. Efficiency enhancement in inverted planar perovskite solar cells by synergetic effect of sulfated graphene oxide (sGO) and PEDOT:PSS as hole transporting layer. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra10113a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a simple solution route for preparing a sGO-PEDOT composite HTL by combining solution-processable sGO with commercialized PEDOT:PSS solution. The PSCs based on these sGO-PEDOT composite HTLs were systematically investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
- Chengdu 610054
- China
| | - Xu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
- Chengdu 610054
- China
| | - Bingxue Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
- Chengdu 610054
- China
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
- Chengdu 610054
- China
| | - Haiyuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
- Chengdu 610054
- China
| | - Yajun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
- Chengdu 610054
- China
| | - Jin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
- Chengdu 610054
- China
| | - Yulan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
- Chengdu 610054
- China
| | - Zhiming Wang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Science
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
- Chengdu 610054
- China
| | - Xiaobin Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
- Chengdu 610054
- China
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Science
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36
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Lafalce E, Zhang C, Liu X, Vardeny ZV. Role of Intrinsic Ion Accumulation in the Photocurrent and Photocapacitive Responses of MAPbBr 3 Photodetectors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:35447-35453. [PMID: 27966864 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b11925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We studied steady state and transient photocurrents in thin film and single-crystal devices of MAPbBr3, a prototype organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite. We found that the devices' capacitance is abnormally large, which originates from accumulation of large densities of Pb2+ and Br- in the active perovskite layer. Under applied bias, these ions are driven toward the opposite electrodes leading to space-charge fields close to the metal/perovskite interfaces. The ion accumulation, in turn, causes photocurrent reversal polarity that depends on the history of the applied bias and excitation photon energy with respect to the optical gap. Furthermore, the large capacitive response dominates the transient photocurrent and, therefore, obscures the weaker contribution from the photocarriers' drift. We show that these properties depend on the ambient conditions in which the measurements are performed. Understanding these phenomena may lead to better control over the stability of perovskite photodetectors for visible light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan Lafalce
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Utah , 115 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Chuang Zhang
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Utah , 115 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Xiaojie Liu
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Utah , 115 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Zeev Valy Vardeny
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Utah , 115 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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37
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Niesner D, Wilhelm M, Levchuk I, Osvet A, Shrestha S, Batentschuk M, Brabec C, Fauster T. Giant Rashba Splitting in CH_{3}NH_{3}PbBr_{3} Organic-Inorganic Perovskite. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:126401. [PMID: 27689285 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.126401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
As they combine decent mobilities with extremely long carrier lifetimes, organic-inorganic perovskites open a whole new field in optoelectronics. Measurements of their underlying electronic structure, however, are still lacking. Using angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy, we measure the valence band dispersion of single-crystal CH_{3}NH_{3}PbBr_{3}. The dispersion of the highest energy band is extracted applying a modified leading edge method, which accounts for the particular density of states of organic-inorganic perovskites. The surface Brillouin zone is consistent with bulk-terminated surfaces both in the low-temperature orthorhombic and the high-temperature cubic phase. In the low-temperature phase, we find a ring-shaped valence band maximum with a radius of 0.043 Å^{-1}, centered around a 0.16 eV deep local minimum in the dispersion of the valence band at the high-symmetry point. Intense circular dichroism is observed. This dispersion is the result of strong spin-orbit coupling. Spin-orbit coupling is also present in the room-temperature phase. The coupling strength is one of the largest ones reported so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Niesner
- Lehrstuhl für Festkörperphysik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Staudtstr. 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Max Wilhelm
- Lehrstuhl für Festkörperphysik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Staudtstr. 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ievgen Levchuk
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (I-MEET), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Martensstrasse 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andres Osvet
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (I-MEET), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Martensstrasse 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Shreetu Shrestha
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (I-MEET), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Martensstrasse 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Miroslaw Batentschuk
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (I-MEET), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Martensstrasse 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Brabec
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (I-MEET), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Martensstrasse 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Bavarian Center for Applied Energy Research (ZAE Bayern), Haberstrasse 2a, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thomas Fauster
- Lehrstuhl für Festkörperphysik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Staudtstr. 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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38
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Effective-mass model and magneto-optical properties in hybrid perovskites. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28576. [PMID: 27338834 PMCID: PMC4919628 DOI: 10.1038/srep28576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybrid inorganic-organic perovskites have proven to be a revolutionary material for low-cost photovoltaic applications. They also exhibit many other interesting properties, including giant Rashba splitting, large-radius Wannier excitons, and novel magneto-optical effects. Understanding these properties as well as the detailed mechanism of photovoltaics requires a reliable and accessible electronic structure, on which models of transport, excitonic, and magneto-optical properties can be efficiently developed. Here we construct an effective-mass model for the hybrid perovskites based on the group theory, experiment, and first-principles calculations. Using this model, we relate the Rashba splitting with the inversion-asymmetry parameter in the tetragonal perovskites, evaluate anisotropic g-factors for both conduction and valence bands, and elucidate the magnetic-field effect on photoluminescence and its dependence on the intensity of photoexcitation. The diamagnetic effect of exciton is calculated for an arbitrarily strong magnetic field. The pronounced excitonic peak emerged at intermediate magnetic fields in cyclotron resonance is assigned to the 3D±2 states, whose splitting can be used to estimate the difference in the effective masses of electron and hole.
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39
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Giovanni D, Chong WK, Dewi HA, Thirumal K, Neogi I, Ramesh R, Mhaisalkar S, Mathews N, Sum TC. Tunable room-temperature spin-selective optical Stark effect in solution-processed layered halide perovskites. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2016; 2:e1600477. [PMID: 27386583 PMCID: PMC4928968 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1600477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Ultrafast spin manipulation for opto-spin logic applications requires material systems that have strong spin-selective light-matter interaction. Conventional inorganic semiconductor nanostructures [for example, epitaxial II to VI quantum dots and III to V multiple quantum wells (MQWs)] are considered forerunners but encounter challenges such as lattice matching and cryogenic cooling requirements. Two-dimensional halide perovskite semiconductors, combining intrinsic tunable MQW structures and large oscillator strengths with facile solution processability, can offer breakthroughs in this area. We demonstrate novel room-temperature, strong ultrafast spin-selective optical Stark effect in solution-processed (C6H4FC2H4NH3)2PbI4 perovskite thin films. Exciton spin states are selectively tuned by ~6.3 meV using circularly polarized optical pulses without any external photonic cavity (that is, corresponding to a Rabi energy of ~55 meV and equivalent to applying a 70 T magnetic field), which is much larger than any conventional system. The facile halide and organic replacement in these perovskites affords control of the dielectric confinement and thus presents a straightforward strategy for tuning light-matter coupling strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Giovanni
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
- Energy Research Institute @NTU (ERI@N), Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, S2-B3a-01, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Wee Kiang Chong
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
- Energy Research Institute @NTU (ERI@N), Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, S2-B3a-01, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Herlina Arianita Dewi
- ERI@N, Research Techno Plaza, X-Frontier Block, Level 5, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553, Singapore
| | - Krishnamoorthy Thirumal
- ERI@N, Research Techno Plaza, X-Frontier Block, Level 5, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553, Singapore
| | - Ishita Neogi
- ERI@N, Research Techno Plaza, X-Frontier Block, Level 5, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553, Singapore
| | - Ramamoorthy Ramesh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Subodh Mhaisalkar
- ERI@N, Research Techno Plaza, X-Frontier Block, Level 5, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553, Singapore
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Nripan Mathews
- ERI@N, Research Techno Plaza, X-Frontier Block, Level 5, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553, Singapore
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- Corresponding author. (T.C.S.); (N.M.)
| | - Tze Chien Sum
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
- Corresponding author. (T.C.S.); (N.M.)
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40
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Zhao Y, Zhu K. Organic-inorganic hybrid lead halide perovskites for optoelectronic and electronic applications. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:655-89. [PMID: 26645733 DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00458b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 548] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Organic and inorganic hybrid perovskites (e.g., CH(3)NH(3)PbI(3)), with advantages of facile processing, tunable bandgaps, and superior charge-transfer properties, have emerged as a new class of revolutionary optoelectronic semiconductors promising for various applications. Perovskite solar cells constructed with a variety of configurations have demonstrated unprecedented progress in efficiency, reaching about 20% from multiple groups after only several years of active research. A key to this success is the development of various solution-synthesis and film-deposition techniques for controlling the morphology and composition of hybrid perovskites. The rapid progress in material synthesis and device fabrication has also promoted the development of other optoelectronic applications including light-emitting diodes, photodetectors, and transistors. Both experimental and theoretical investigations on organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites have enabled some critical fundamental understandings of this material system. Recent studies have also demonstrated progress in addressing the potential stability issue, which has been identified as a main challenge for future research on halide perovskites. Here, we review recent progress on hybrid perovskites including basic chemical and crystal structures, chemical synthesis of bulk/nanocrystals and thin films with their chemical and physical properties, device configurations, operation principles for various optoelectronic applications (with a focus on solar cells), and photophysics of charge-carrier dynamics. We also discuss the importance of further understanding of the fundamental properties of hybrid perovskites, especially those related to chemical and structural stabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Kai Zhu
- Chemistry and Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO 80401, USA.
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41
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Etienne T, Mosconi E, De Angelis F. Dynamical Origin of the Rashba Effect in Organohalide Lead Perovskites: A Key to Suppressed Carrier Recombination in Perovskite Solar Cells? J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:1638-45. [PMID: 27062910 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b00564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The presence of a Rashba band-splitting mechanism mediated by spin-orbit coupling and breaking of inversion symmetry has been suggested as a possible cause for the reduced recombination rates observed in organohalide perovskites. Here, we investigate the interplay of electronic and nuclear degrees of freedom in defining the Rashba splitting in realistic MAPbI3 models. Our simulations disclose a "dynamical Rashba effect", allowing for a quantification of its magnitude under thermal conditions. We find that even in globally centrosymmetric structures the dynamics of the coupled inorganic-organic degrees of freedom give rise to a spatially local Rashba effect which fluctuates on the subpicosecond time scale typical of the methylammonium cation dynamics. This effect is progressively quenched in globally centrosymmetric structures, likely representing the MAPbI3 perovskite at room temperature, on increasing the probed spatial scale up to 32 MAPbI3 units (∼3 nm size) because of the incoherent nuclear thermal motion mediated by the disorder of the organic cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibaud Etienne
- Computational Laboratory for Hybrid/Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), CNR-ISTM, via Elce di Sotto, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Edoardo Mosconi
- Computational Laboratory for Hybrid/Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), CNR-ISTM, via Elce di Sotto, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
- CompuNet, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Filippo De Angelis
- Computational Laboratory for Hybrid/Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), CNR-ISTM, via Elce di Sotto, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
- CompuNet, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
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42
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Yang L, Barrows AT, Lidzey DG, Wang T. Recent progress and challenges of organometal halide perovskite solar cells. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2016; 79:026501. [PMID: 26824626 DOI: 10.1088/0034-4885/79/2/026501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We review recent progress in the development of organometal halide perovskite solar cells. We discuss different compounds used to construct perovskite photoactive layers, as well as the optoelectronic properties of this system. The factors that affect the morphology of the perovskite active layer are explored, e.g. material composition, film deposition methods, casting solvent and various post-treatments. Different strategies are reviewed that have recently emerged to prepare high performing perovskite films, creating polycrystalline films having either large or small grain size. Devices that are constructed using meso-superstructured and planar architectures are summarized and the impact of the fabrication process on operational efficiency is discussed. Finally, important research challenges (hysteresis, thermal and moisture instability, mechanical flexibility, as well as the development of lead-free materials) in the development of perovskite solar cells are outlined and their potential solutions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
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43
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Zheng F, Tan LZ, Liu S, Rappe AM. Rashba Spin-Orbit Coupling Enhanced Carrier Lifetime in CH₃NH₃PbI₃. NANO LETTERS 2015; 15:7794-800. [PMID: 26461166 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b01854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Organometal halide perovskites are promising solar-cell materials for next-generation photovoltaic applications. The long carrier lifetime and diffusion length of these materials make them very attractive for use in light absorbers and carrier transporters. While these aspects of organometal halide perovskites have attracted the most attention, the consequences of the Rashba effect, driven by strong spin-orbit coupling, on the photovoltaic properties of these materials are largely unexplored. In this work, taking the electronic structure of CH3NH3PbI3 (methylammonium lead iodide) as an example, we propose an intrinsic mechanism for enhanced carrier lifetime in three-dimensional (3D) Rashba materials. On the basis of first-principles calculations and a Rashba spin-orbit model, we demonstrate that the recombination rate is reduced due to the spin-forbidden transition. These results are important for understanding the fundamental physics of organometal halide perovskites and for optimizing and designing the materials with better performance. The proposed mechanism including spin degrees of freedom offers a new paradigm of using 3D Rashba materials for photovoltaic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zheng
- The Makineni Theoretical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Liang Z Tan
- The Makineni Theoretical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Shi Liu
- Geophysical Laboratory Carnegie Institution for Science , Washington, D.C. 20015, United States
| | - Andrew M Rappe
- The Makineni Theoretical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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44
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Zheng F, Saldana-Greco D, Liu S, Rappe AM. Material Innovation in Advancing Organometal Halide Perovskite Functionality. J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:4862-4872. [PMID: 26631361 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b01830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Organometal halide perovskites (OMHPs) have garnered much attention recently for their unprecedented rate of increasing power conversion efficiency (PCE), positioning them as a promising basis for the next-generation photovoltaic devices. However, the gap between the rapid increasing PCE and the incomplete understanding of the structure-property-performance relationship prevents the realization of the true potential of OMHPs. This Perspective aims to provide a concise overview of the current status of OMHP research, highlighting the unique properties of OMHPs that are critical for solar applications but still not adequately explained. Stability and performance challenges of OMHP solar cells are discussed, calling upon combined experimental and theoretical efforts to address these challenges for pioneering commercialization of OMHP solar cells. Various material innovation strategies for improving the performance and stability of OMHPs are surveyed, showing that the OMHP architecture can serve as a promising and robust platform for the design and optimization of materials with desired functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zheng
- The Makineni Theoretical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Diomedes Saldana-Greco
- The Makineni Theoretical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Shi Liu
- The Makineni Theoretical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
- Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science , Washington, DC 20015, United States
| | - Andrew M Rappe
- The Makineni Theoretical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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