Doping Nanoscale Graphene Domains Improves Magnetism in Hexagonal Boron Nitride

N-P covalent bond regulation of mesoporous carbon-based catalyst for lowered oxygen reduction overpotential and enhanced zinc-air battery performance

Developing sustainable metal-free carbon-based electrocatalysts is essential for the deployment of metal-air batteries such as zinc-air batteries (ZABs), among which doping of heteroatoms has attracted tremendous interest over the past decade. However, the effect of the heteroatom covalent bonds in carbon matrix on catalysis was neglected in most studies. Here, an efficient metal-free oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalyst is demonstrated by the N-P bonds anchored carbon (termed N,P-C-1000). The N,P-C-1000 catalyst exhibits superior specific surface area of 1362 m2 g-1 and ORR activity with a half-wave potential of 0.83 V, close to that of 20 wt% Pt/C. Theoretical computations reveal that the p-band center for C-2p orbit in N,P-C-1000 has higher interaction strength with the intermediates, thus reducing the overall reaction energy barrier. The N,P-C-1000 assembled primary ZAB can attain a large peak power density of 121.9 mW cm-2 and a steady discharge platform of ∼1.20 V throughout 120 h. Besides, when served as the cathodic catalyst in a solid-state ZAB, the battery shows flexibility, conspicuous open circuit potential (1.423 V), and high peak power density (85.8 mW cm-2). Our findings offer a strategy to tune the intrinsic structure of carbon-based catalysts for improved electrocatalytic performance and shed light on future catalysts design for energy storage technologies beyond batteries.

Pressureless Welding of Temperature-Invariant Multifunctionality Body Based on Hydroxyl-Functionalized Boron Nitride Nanosheets and Bifunctional Monoethanolamine Cross-linker

Bulk hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) ceramics with structural integrity, high-temperature resistance and low expansion rate are expected for multifunctional applications in extreme conditions. However, due to its sluggish self-diffusion and intrinsic inertness, it remains a great challenge to overcome high-energy barrier for h-BN powder sintering. Herein, a cross-linking and pressureless-welding strategy is reported to produce bulk boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs) ceramics with well-crystalized and dense B-N covalent-welding frameworks. The essence of this synthesis strategy lies in the construction of >B─O─H2C─H2C─H2N:→B< bond bridge connection structure among hydroxyl functionalized BNNSs (BNNSs-OH) using bifunctional monoethanolamine (MEA) as cross-linker through esterification and intermolecular-coordination reactions. The prepared BNNSs-interlaced ceramics have densities not less than 1.2 g cm-3, and exhibit exceptional mechanical robustness and resiliency, excellent thermomechanical stability, ultra-low linear thermal expansion coefficient of 0.06 ppm °C-1, and high thermal diffusion coefficient of 4.76 mm2 s-1 at 25 °C and 3.72 mm2 s-1 at 450 °C. This research not only reduces the free energy barrier from h-BN particles to bulk ceramics through facile multi-step physicochemical reaction, but also stimulates further exploration of multifunctional applications for bulk h-BN ceramics over a wide temperature range.

Understanding the Heterointerfaces in Perovskite Solar Cells via Hole Selective Layer Surface Functionalization

Interfaces in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) play a pivotal role in determining device performance by influencing charge transport and recombination. Understanding the physical processes at these interfaces is essential for achieving high-power conversion efficiency in PSCs. Particularly, the interfaces involving oxide-based transport layers are susceptible to defects like dangling bonds, excess oxygen, or oxygen deficiency. To address this issue, the surface of NiOx is passivated using octadecylphosphonic acid (ODPA), resulting in improved charge transport across the perovskite hole transport layer (HTL) interface. This surface treatment has led to the development of hysteresis-free devices with an impressive ≈13% increase in power conversion efficiency. Computational studies have explored the halide perovskite architecture of ODPA-treated HTL/Perovskite, aiming to unlock superior photovoltaic performance. The ODPA surface functionalization has demonstrated enhanced device performance, characterized by superior charge exchange capacity. Moreover, higher band-to-band recombination in photoluminescence and electroluminescence indicates presence of lower mid-gap energy states, thereby increasing the effective photogenerated carrier density. These findings are expected to promote the utilization of various phosphonic acid-based self-assembly monolayers for surface passivation of oxide-based transport layers in perovskite solar cells. Ultimately, this research contributes to the realization of efficient halide PSCs by harnessing the favorable architecture of NiOx interfaces.

Condensation-assembly synthesis of three-dimensionally porous boron nitride for effective oil removal

A template-free pyrolysis route has been developed using condensation-assembly precursors made of trimethoxyboroxane (TMB) and melamine (M) to cater the requirements of an industrial real-world environment. The precursors contain abundant B-N bonds and exhibit a high level of interconnectivity, resulting in 3D-PBN with enhanced mechanical properties and the ability to be easily customized in terms of shape. Moreover, 3D-PBN demonstrates rapid adsorption kinetics and excellent reusability, efficiently removing up to 270% of its own weight of fuel within 30 s and being readily regenerated through simple calcination. Even after undergoing 50 cycles, the mechanical properties remain at a remarkable 80%, while the adsorption performance exceed 95%. Furthermore, a comprehensive analysis of thermal behavior from precursor to 3D-PBN has been conducted, leading to the proposal of a molecular-scale evolution process comprising four major steps. This understanding enables us to control the phase reaction and regulate the composition of the products, which is crucial for determining the characteristics of the final product.

Interfacial engineering of a vertically stacked graphene/h-BN heterostructure as an efficient electrocatalyst for hydrogen peroxide synthesis

Recently, it was reported that an in-plane graphene (G)/hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) (G/h-BN) heterostructure provided the catalytic activity for H2O2 synthesis by the 2 e- oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, there are few reports on the vertically stacked G/h-BN heterostructure, which refers to the stacking of graphene domains on the surface of h-BN. Herein, a simulated chemical vapor deposition method is proposed for fabricating a heterostructure of abundant vertically stacked G/h-BN by in situ growing graphene quantum dots (GQDs) on porous h-BN sheets. The performance of our vertically stacked heterostructure catalyst is superior to that of reported carbon-based electrocatalysts under an alkaline environment, with an H2O2 selectivity of 90-99% in a wide potential range (0.35 V-0.7 V vs. RHE), over 90% faradaic efficiency, and high mass activity of 1167 mmol gcatalyst-1 h-1. The experimental results and density functional theory (DFT) simulation verified that the vertically stacked heterostructure exhibits an excellent catalytic performance for the 2 e- ORR, and the edge B atoms in the B-centered AB stacking model are the most active catalytic sites. This research adequately demonstrates the promising catalytic activity of the vertically stacked G/h-BN heterostructure and provides a facile route for fabricating other vertically stacked heterostructures.

NBOH Site-Activated Graphene Quantum Dots for Boosting Electrochemical Hydrogen Peroxide Production

Carbon materials are considered promising 2/4 e^- oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalysts for synthesizing H₂ O₂ /H₂ O via regulating heteroatom dopants and functionalization. Here, various doped and functionalized graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are designed to reveal the crucial active sites of carbon materials for ORR to produce H₂ O₂ . Density functional theory (DFT) calculations predict that the edge structure involving edge N, B dopant pairs and further OH functionalization to the B (NBOH) is an active center for 2e^- ORR. To verify the above predication, GQDs with an enriched density of NBOH (NBO-GQDs) are designed and synthesized by the hydrothermal reaction of NH₂ edge-functionalized GQDs with H₃ BO₃ forming six-member heterocycle containing the NBOH structure. When dispersed on conductive carbon substrates, the NBO-GQDs show H₂ O₂ selectivity of over 90% at 0.7 -0.8 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode in the alkaline solution in a rotating ring-disk electrode setup. The selectivity retains 90% of the initial value after 12 h stability test. In a flow cell setup, the H₂ O₂ production rate is up to 709 mmol g_catalyst ^-1  h^-1 , superior to most reported carbon- and metal-based electrocatalysts. This work provides molecular insight into the design and formulation of highly efficient carbon-based catalysts for sustainable H₂ O₂ production.

Quantum magnetic phenomena in engineered heterointerface of low-dimensional van der Waals and non-van der Waals materials

Investigating magnetic phenomena at the microscopic level has emerged as an indispensable research domain in the field of low-dimensional magnetic materials. Understanding quantum phenomena that mediate the magnetic interactions in dimensionally confined materials is crucial from the perspective of designing cheaper, compact, and energy-efficient next-generation spintronic devices. The infrequent occurrence of intrinsic long-range magnetic order in dimensionally confined materials hinders the advancement of this domain. Hence, introducing and controlling the ferromagnetic character in two-dimensional materials is important for further prospective studies. The interface in a heterostructure significantly contributes to modulating its collective magnetic properties. Quantum phenomena occurring at the interface of engineered heterostructures can enhance or suppress magnetization of the system and introduce magnetic character to a native non-magnetic system. Considering most 2D magnetic materials are used as stacks with other materials in nanoscale devices, the methods to control the magnetism in a heterostructure and understanding the corresponding mechanism are crucial for promising spintronic and other functional applications. This review highlights the effect of electric polarization of the adjacent layer, changed structural configuration at the vicinity of the interface, natural strain induced by lattice mismatch, and exchange interaction in the interfacial region in modulating the magnetism of heterostructures of van der Waals and non-van der Waals materials. Further, prospects of interface-engineered magnetism in spin-dependent device applications are also discussed.

Enhanced Performance of Li-S Batteries due to Synergistic Adsorption and Catalysis Activity within a Separation Coating Made of Hybridized BNNSs/N-Doping Porous Carbon Fibers

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries with high theoretical energy density are considered as the most promising devices for rechargeable energy-storage systems. However, their actual applications are rather limited by the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and the sluggish redox kinetics. Here, the boron nitride nanosheets are homodispersedly embedded into N-doping porous carbon fibers (BNNSs/CHFs) by an electrospinning technique and a subsequent in situ pyrolysis process. The hybridized BNNSs/CHFs can be smartly designed as a multifunctional separation coating onto the commercial PP membrane to enhance the electrochemical performance of Li-S batteries. As a result, the Li-S batteries with extra BNNSs/CHF modification deliver a highly reversible discharge capacity of 830.4 mA h g^-1 at a current density of 1 C. Even under 4 C, the discharge specific capacity can reach up to 609.9 mA h g^-1 and maintain at 553.9 mA h g^-1 after 500 cycles, showing a low capacity decay of 0.01836% per cycle. It is considered that the excellent performance is attributed to the synergistic effect of adsorption and catalysis of the BNNSs/CHF coating used. First, this coating can efficiently reduce the charge transfer resistance and enhance Li-ion diffusion, due to increased catalytic activity from strong electronic interactions between BNNSs and N-doping CHFs. Second, the combination of polar BNNSs and abundant pore structures within the hybridized BNNSs/CHF networks can highly facilitate an adsorption for LiPSs. Here, we believed that this work would provide a promising strategy to increase the Li-S batteries' performance by introducing hybridized BNNSs/N-doping carbon networks, which could efficiently suppress the LiPSs' shuttle effect and improve the electrochemical kinetics of Li-S batteries.

Prediction of highly stable two-dimensional materials of boron and phosphorus: structural and electronic properties

The discovery of two-dimensional (2D) semiconducting materials has attracted broad research interest, owing to their wide applications in spintronics and optoelectronics. Group III-V 2D materials such as hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) have been demonstrated with remarkable electronic properties. However, the 2D materials consisting of boron and phosphorus have not been comprehensively explored. Using global structural search combined with first-principles calculations, we have hereby theoretically predicted several stable and metastable boron phosphorus (B_mP_n) monolayer 2D compounds that have lower formation enthalpies (ΔH) than black phosphorus and α-bulk boron and could be formed at stoichiometries of m/n ≤ 1. Two of these 2D B_mP_n compounds, i.e., P2₁/m B₁P₃ and Cm B₂P₄, are confirmed to be thermodynamically stable, with bandgaps less than 2 eV. In particular, Cm B₂P₄ features a narrow bandgap of ∼0.609 eV, near the short wavelength infrared ray (SWIR) region, and it possesses anisotropic mechanical properties. Moreover, we have demonstrated that these compounds can be converted into half-metallic spin-polarized states through charge doping, which promises their applications in spintronic devices.

Recent Progress in Fabrication and Application of BN Nanostructures and BN-Based Nanohybrids

Due to its unique physical, chemical, and mechanical properties, such as a low specific density, large specific surface area, excellent thermal stability, oxidation resistance, low friction, good dispersion stability, enhanced adsorbing capacity, large interlayer shear force, and wide bandgap, hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanostructures are of great interest in many fields. These include, but are not limited to, (i) heterogeneous catalysts, (ii) promising nanocarriers for targeted drug delivery to tumor cells and nanoparticles containing therapeutic agents to fight bacterial and fungal infections, (iii) reinforcing phases in metal, ceramics, and polymer matrix composites, (iv) additives to liquid lubricants, (v) substrates for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy, (vi) agents for boron neutron capture therapy, (vii) water purifiers, (viii) gas and biological sensors, and (ix) quantum dots, single photon emitters, and heterostructures for electronic, plasmonic, optical, optoelectronic, semiconductor, and magnetic devices. All of these areas are developing rapidly. Thus, the goal of this review is to analyze the critical mass of knowledge and the current state-of-the-art in the field of BN-based nanomaterial fabrication and application based on their amazing properties.

Turbostratic Boron-Carbon-Nitrogen and Boron Nitride by Flash Joule Heating

Turbostratic layers in 2D materials have an interlayer misalignment. The lack of alignment expands the intrinsic interlayer distances and weakens the optical and electronic interactions between adjacent layers. This introduces properties distinct from those structures with well-aligned lattices and strong coupling interactions. However, direct and rapid synthesis of turbostratic materials remains a challenge owing to their thermodynamically metastable properties. Here, a flash Joule heating (FJH) method to achieve bulk synthesis of boron-carbon-nitrogen ternary compounds with turbostratic structures by a kinetically controlled ultrafast cooling process that takes place within milliseconds (10³  to 10⁴ K s^-1 ) is reported. Theoretical calculations support the existence of turbostratic structures and provide estimates of the energy barriers with respect to conversion into the corresponding well-aligned counterparts. When using non-carbon conductive additives, a direct synthesis of boron nitride is possible. The turbostratic nature facilitates mechanical exfoliation and more stable dispersions. Accordingly, the addition of flash products to a poly(vinyl alcohol) nanocomposite film coating a copper surface greatly improves the copper's resistance to corrosion in 0.5 m sulfuric acid or 3.5 wt% saline solution. FJH allows the use of bulk materials as reactants and provides a rapid approach to large quantities of the hitherto hard-to-access turbostratic materials.

Engineering the Optoelectronic Properties of 2D Hexagonal Boron Nitride Monolayer Films by Sulfur Substitutional Doping

Tuning the optical and electrical properties of two-dimensional (2D) hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) is critical for its successful application in optoelectronics. Herein, we report a new methodology to significantly enhance the optoelectronic properties of hBN monolayers by substitutionally doping with sulfur (S) on a molten Au substrate using chemical vapor deposition. The S atoms are more geometrically and energetically favorable to be doped in the N sites than in the B sites of hBN, and the S 3p orbitals hybridize with the B 2p orbitals, forming a new conduction band edge that narrows its band gap. The band edge positions change with the doping concentration of S atoms. The conductivity increases up to 1.5 times and enhances the optoelectronic properties, compared to pristine hBN. A photodetector made of a 2D S-doped hBN film shows an extended wavelength response from 260 to 280 nm and a 50 times increase in its photocurrent and responsivity with light illumination at 280 nm. These enhancements are mainly due to the improved light absorption and increased electrical conductivity through doping with sulfur. This S-doped hBN monolayer film can be used in the next-generation electronics, optoelectronics, and spintronics.

A Facile "Double-Catalysts" Approach to Directionally Fabricate Pyridinic NB-Pair-Doped Crystal Graphene Nanoribbons/Amorphous Carbon Hybrid Electrocatalysts for Efficient Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Carbon material is a promising electrocatalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Doping of heteroatoms, the most widely used modulating strategy, has attracted many efforts in the past decade. Despite all this, the catalytic activity of heteroatoms-modulated carbon is hard to compare to that of metal-based electrocatalysts. Here, a "double-catalysts" (Fe salt, H₃ BO₃ ) strategy is presented to directionally fabricate porous structure of crystal graphene nanoribbons (GNs)/amorphous carbon doped by pyridinic NB pairs. The porous structure and GNs accelerate ion/mass and electron transport, respectively. The N percentage in pyridinic NB pairs accounts for ≈80% of all N species. The pyridinic NB pair drives the ORR via an almost 4e^- transfer pathway with a half-wave potential (0.812 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE)) and onset potential (0.876 V vs RHE) in the alkaline solution. The ORR catalytic performance of the as-prepared carbon catalysts approximates commercial Pt/C and outperforms most prior carbon-based catalysts. The assembled Zn-air battery exhibits a high peak power density of 94 mW cm^-2 . Density functional theory simulation reveals that the pyridinic NB pair possesses the highest catalytic activity among all the potential configurations, due to the highest charge density at C active sites neighboring B, which enhances the interaction strength with the intermediates in the p-band center.

Synergy of developed micropores and electronic structure defects in carbon-doped boron nitride for CO2 capture

With the aim of relieving the serious environmental and climate issues arising from excessive emission of anthropogenic CO₂, extensive solid absorbents have been developed for CO₂ capture. Among them, porous boron nitride (BN) is considered an ideal candidate due to its high specific surface area, abundant structural defects, low density, and outstanding chemical inertness. Herein, BN absorbents were synthesized from pyrolysis of melamine-boric acid precursors, and the effect of pyrolysis temperature (900, 1000, 1050 and 1100 °C) on the properties and performances was investigated. Various characterizations were performed to evaluate the physicochemical properties and CO₂ uptake capacities of BN absorbents. The result demonstrated that a carbon-doped BN structure was achieved instead of a pure BN material, and the carbonization degree was enhanced with the increase of pyrolysis temperatures. BN absorbent pyrolyzed at 1100 °C exhibited the highest CO₂ adsorption capacity of 3.71 mmol/g (273 K). The reason should be that the doping of carbon in the framework of BN contributed to the formation of abundant micropores, which enhanced the physical adsorption by offering more adsorption sites. At the same time, more negative charges on BN were induced by structural defects, which favored the chemical adsorption of CO₂ by invoking charge-induced chemisorption interaction. This study clarified the role of pore structure and electronic structure defects in CO₂ adsorption capacity of carbon-doped BN, which would open up more spacious avenues for the development of promising BN-based absorbents, or even catalysts.

Biomass-Based Carbon-Supported Sulfate Catalyst for Efficient Synthesis of Dimethoxymethane from Direct Oxidation of Dimethyl Ether

The synthesis of dimethoxymethane (DMM) from direct oxidation of dimethyl ether (DME) is a green and competitive route with good atomic economy and low carbon emission and is also an urgent need. In this work, biomass-based carbon-supported sulfate catalysts were designed and prepared for the efficient synthesis of DMM from DME oxidation. The prepared carbon support from cellulose displayed much larger specific surface area and a developed microporous structure, which effectively benefited a high dispersion of sulfate components, leading to mainly weak acid sites and more oxygen functional groups on the catalyst surface. The Ti(SO₄)₂/PC-H₂SO₄ catalyst exhibits excellent performance for DME oxidation with DMM_1-2 selectivity up to 96.7%, and DMM selectivity reaches 89.1%, notably higher than that of previously reported results. The distinctive surface structure and chemical properties of the carbon support have important impacts on the dispersion state of sulfate species, affecting the acidic and redox properties of the catalysts.

Electrochemically active site-rich nanocomposites of two-dimensional materials as anode catalysts for direct oxidation fuel cells: new age beyond graphene

Direct oxidation fuel cell (DOFC) has been opted as a green alternative to fossil fuels and intermittent energy resources as it is economically viable, possesses good conversion efficiency, as well as exhibits high power density and superfast charging. The anode catalyst is a vital component of DOFC, which improves the oxidation of fuels; however, the development of an efficient anode catalyst is still a challenge. In this regard, 2D materials have attracted attention as DOFC anode catalysts due to their fascinating electrochemical properties such as excellent mechanical properties, large surface area, superior electron transfer, presence of active sites, and tunable electronic states. This timely review encapsulates in detail different types of fuel cells, their mechanisms, and contemporary challenges; focuses on the anode catalyst/support based on new generation 2D materials, namely, 2D transition metal carbide/nitride or carbonitride (MXene), graphitic carbon nitride, transition metal dichalcogenides, and transition metal oxides; as well as their properties and role in DOFC along with the mechanisms involved.

Strain-tuned magnetism and half-metal to metal transition in defective BCN monolayer

Recently, two-dimensional (2D) BCN, an in-plane heterostructure formed by graphene and hexagonal boron nitride, has been successfully synthesized experimentally and exhibits diverse electronic properties. Unfortunately, it has been slow on the application of 2D BCN for spintronics due to the lack of the magnetic ordering. Here, using density functional theory calculations, we explored the effect of vacancy defect and biaxial strain on the electronic and magnetic properties of BCN monolayer. It is demonstrated that BCN monolayer can be converted from nonmagnetic semiconductor to magnetic half-metal/metal by introducing C or B vacancies. The half-metal/metal behavior can be remained under the different vacancy concentrations in defective BCN monolayer. In addition, BCN monolayer with C and B vacancies can be converted between half-metal and metal by applying biaxial strain. Moreover, the magnetic properties of defective BCN monolayer can also be efficiently modulated under the biaxial strain by regulating the spin polarization of the C/N/B 2porbitals. Our findings not only provide an effective way to achieve half-metal/metal transition, but also can induce and manipulate the magnetism of BCN monolayer, which may be utilized for the development of 2D BCN spintronic nanodevices.

Tuning the Dielectric and Microwaves Absorption Properties of N-Doped Carbon Nanotubes by Boron Insertion

It is of great significance to regulate the dielectric parameters and microstructure of carbon materials by elemental doping in pursuing microwave absorption (MA) materials of high performance. In this work, the surface electronic structure of N-doped CNTs was tuned by boron doping, in which the MA performance of CNTs was improved under the synergistic action of B and N atoms. The B,N-doped carbon nanotubes (B,N-CNTs) exhibited excellent MA performance, where the value of minimum reflection loss was -40.04 dB, and the efficient absorption bandwidth reached 4.9 GHz (10.5-15.4 GHz). Appropriate conductance loss and multi-polarization loss provide the main contribution to the MA of B,N-CNTs. This study provides a novel method for the design of CNTs related MA materials.

Rapid Construction of Fold-Line-Shaped BN-Embedded Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds through Diels-Alder Reaction

The Diels-Alder reaction strategy that can rapidly extend the conjugated backbone was applied to facilely synthesize fold-line, coplanar BN-embedded polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from simple small BN compounds. The molecular structures and packing modes of these BN-embedded acenes were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Their electronic and photophysical properties were studied by using UV-vis, fluorescence spectroscopy, electrochemical cyclic voltammetry, and density functional theory calculations. These results demonstrate the efficiency and feasibility of this synthetic strategy.

Defective graphene domains in boron nitride sheets

Novel two-dimensional materials have emerged as hybrid structures that combine graphene and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) domains. During their growth process, structural defects such as vacancies and change of atoms connectivity are unavoidable. In the present study, we use first-principle calculations to investigate the electronic structure of graphene domains endowed with a single carbon atom vacancy or Stone-Wales defects in h-BN sheets. The results show that both kinds of defects yield localized states within the bandgap. Alongside this change in the bandgap configuration, it occurs a splitting of the spin channels in such a way that electrons with up and down spins populate different energy levels above and below the Fermi level, respectively. Such a spin arrangement is associated to lattice magnetization. Stone-Wales defects solely point to the appearance of new intragap levels. These results demonstrated that vacancies could significantly affect the electronic properties of hybrid graphene/h-BN sheets. Graphical Abstract A Boron-Nitride sheet doped with a vacancy endowed Carbon domain.

Graphitic carbon nitride decorated with FeNi3 nanoparticles for flexible planar micro-supercapacitor with ultrahigh energy density and quantum storage capacity

Schematic description of graphitic-C₃N₄@FeNi₃ (pseudocapacitive FeNi₃ and electrochemical double layer g-C₃N₄) heterostructure having energy density and quantum storage capacity for in-plane micro-supercapacitor application.

Proximity effects in graphene and ferromagnetic CrBr3 van der Waals heterostructures

Schematic of the magnetic proximity effect in a van der Waals heterostructure formed by a graphene monolayer, induced by its interaction with a two-dimensional ferromagnet (CrBr₃) for designing a single-gate field effect transistor.