1
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Dawit H, Zhao Y, Wang J, Pei R. Advances in conductive hydrogels for neural recording and stimulation. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:2786-2800. [PMID: 38682423 DOI: 10.1039/d4bm00048j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The brain-computer interface (BCI) allows the human or animal brain to directly interact with the external environment through the neural interfaces, thus playing the role of monitoring, protecting, improving/restoring, enhancing, and replacing. Recording electrophysiological information such as brain neural signals is of great importance in health monitoring and disease diagnosis. According to the electrode position, it can be divided into non-implantable, semi-implantable, and implantable. Among them, implantable neural electrodes can obtain the highest-quality electrophysiological information, so they have the most promising application. However, due to the chemo-mechanical mismatch between devices and tissues, the adverse foreign body response and performance loss over time seriously restrict the development and application of implantable neural electrodes. Given the challenges, conductive hydrogel-based neural electrodes have recently attracted much attention, owing to many advantages such as good mechanical match with the native tissues, negligible foreign body response, and minimal signal attenuation. This review mainly focuses on the current development of conductive hydrogels as a biocompatible framework for neural tissue and conductivity-supporting substrates for the transmission of electrical signals of neural tissue to speed up electrical regeneration and their applications in neural sensing and recording as well as stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hewan Dawit
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei 230026, PR China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Yuewu Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Jine Wang
- College of Medicine and Nursing, Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Novel Pharmaceutical Excipients, Sustained and Controlled Release Preparations, Dezhou University, China.
- Jiangxi Institute of Nanotechnology, Nanchang, 330200, China
| | - Renjun Pei
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei 230026, PR China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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2
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Ino K, Utagawa Y, Shiku H. Microarray-Based Electrochemical Biosensing. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 187:317-338. [PMID: 37306698 DOI: 10.1007/10_2023_229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microarrays are widely utilized in bioanalysis. Electrochemical biosensing techniques are often applied in microarray-based assays because of their simplicity, low cost, and high sensitivity. In such systems, the electrodes and sensing elements are arranged in arrays, and the target analytes are detected electrochemically. These sensors can be utilized for high-throughput bioanalysis and the electrochemical imaging of biosamples, including proteins, oligonucleotides, and cells. In this chapter, we summarize recent progress on these topics. We categorize electrochemical biosensing techniques for array detection into four groups: scanning electrochemical microscopy, electrode arrays, electrochemiluminescence, and bipolar electrodes. For each technique, we summarize the key principles and discuss the advantages, disadvantages, and bioanalysis applications. Finally, we present conclusions and perspectives about future directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Ino
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
| | - Yoshinobu Utagawa
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Shiku
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
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3
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Vijayakanth T, Shankar S, Finkelstein-Zuta G, Rencus-Lazar S, Gilead S, Gazit E. Perspectives on recent advancements in energy harvesting, sensing and bio-medical applications of piezoelectric gels. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:6191-6220. [PMID: 37585216 PMCID: PMC10464879 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00202k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
The development of next-generation bioelectronics, as well as the powering of consumer and medical devices, require power sources that are soft, flexible, extensible, and even biocompatible. Traditional energy storage devices (typically, batteries and supercapacitors) are rigid, unrecyclable, offer short-lifetime, contain hazardous chemicals and possess poor biocompatibility, hindering their utilization in wearable electronics. Therefore, there is a genuine unmet need for a new generation of innovative energy-harvesting materials that are soft, flexible, bio-compatible, and bio-degradable. Piezoelectric gels or PiezoGels are a smart crystalline form of gels with polar ordered structures that belongs to the broader family of piezoelectric material, which generate electricity in response to mechanical stress or deformation. Given that PiezoGels are structurally similar to hydrogels, they offer several advantages including intrinsic chirality, crystallinity, degree of ordered structures, mechanical flexibility, biocompatibility, and biodegradability, emphasizing their potential applications ranging from power generation to bio-medical applications. Herein, we describe recent examples of new functional PiezoGel materials employed for energy harvesting, sensing, and wound dressing applications. First, this review focuses on the principles of piezoelectric generators (PEGs) and the advantages of using hydrogels as PiezoGels in energy and biomedical applications. Next, we provide a detailed discussion on the preparation, functionalization, and fabrication of PiezoGel-PEGs (P-PEGs) for the applications of energy harvesting, sensing and wound healing/dressing. Finally, this review concludes with a discussion of the current challenges and future directions of P-PEGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thangavel Vijayakanth
- Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-6997801, Israel
| | - Sudha Shankar
- Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-6997801, Israel
- Blavatnik Center for Drug Discovery, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-6997801, Israel
| | - Gal Finkelstein-Zuta
- Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-6997801, Israel
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-6997801, Israel.
| | - Sigal Rencus-Lazar
- Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-6997801, Israel
| | - Sharon Gilead
- Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-6997801, Israel
- Blavatnik Center for Drug Discovery, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-6997801, Israel
| | - Ehud Gazit
- Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-6997801, Israel
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-6997801, Israel.
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4
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Zhang X, Liu B, Gao J, Lang Y, Lv X, Deng Z, Gui L, Liu J, Tang R, Li L. Liquid Metal-Based Electrode Array for Neural Signal Recording. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10050578. [PMID: 37237648 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10050578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural electrodes are core devices for research in neuroscience, neurological diseases, and neural-machine interfacing. They build a bridge between the cerebral nervous system and electronic devices. Most of the neural electrodes in use are based on rigid materials that differ significantly from biological neural tissue in flexibility and tensile properties. In this study, a liquid-metal (LM) -based 20-channel neural electrode array with a platinum metal (Pt) encapsulation material was developed by microfabrication technology. The in vitro experiments demonstrated that the electrode has stable electrical properties and excellent mechanical properties such as flexibility and bending, which allows the electrode to form conformal contact with the skull. The in vivo experiments also recorded electroencephalographic signals using the LM-based electrode from a rat under low-flow or deep anesthesia, including the auditory-evoked potentials triggered by sound stimulation. The auditory-activated cortical area was analyzed using source localization technique. These results indicate that this 20-channel LM-based neural electrode array satisfies the demands of brain signal acquisition and provides high-quality-electroencephalogram (EEG) signals that support source localization analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xilong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bingxin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jingru Gao
- Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Advanced Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yiran Lang
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaodong Lv
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhongshan Deng
- Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lin Gui
- Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Rongyu Tang
- The State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lei Li
- Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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5
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Talebian S, Mendes B, Conniot J, Farajikhah S, Dehghani F, Li Z, Bitoque D, Silva G, Naficy S, Conde J, Wallace GG. Biopolymeric Coatings for Local Release of Therapeutics from Biomedical Implants. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2207603. [PMID: 36782094 PMCID: PMC10131825 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202207603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The deployment of structures that enable localized release of bioactive molecules can result in more efficacious treatment of disease and better integration of implantable bionic devices. The strategic design of a biopolymeric coating can be used to engineer the optimal release profile depending on the task at hand. As illustrative examples, here advances in delivery of drugs from bone, brain, ocular, and cardiovascular implants are reviewed. These areas are focused to highlight that both hard and soft tissue implants can benefit from controlled localized delivery. The composition of biopolymers used to achieve appropriate delivery to the selected tissue types, and their corresponding outcomes are brought to the fore. To conclude, key factors in designing drug-loaded biopolymeric coatings for biomedical implants are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepehr Talebian
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia
- Nano Institute (Sydney Nano)The University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia
| | - Bárbara Mendes
- ToxOmicsNOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências MédicasNMS|FCMUniversidade Nova de LisboaLisboa1169‐056Portugal
| | - João Conniot
- ToxOmicsNOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências MédicasNMS|FCMUniversidade Nova de LisboaLisboa1169‐056Portugal
| | - Syamak Farajikhah
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia
- Nano Institute (Sydney Nano)The University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia
| | - Fariba Dehghani
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia
- Nano Institute (Sydney Nano)The University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia
| | - Zhongyan Li
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia
| | - Diogo Bitoque
- ToxOmicsNOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências MédicasNMS|FCMUniversidade Nova de LisboaLisboa1169‐056Portugal
| | - Gabriela Silva
- ToxOmicsNOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências MédicasNMS|FCMUniversidade Nova de LisboaLisboa1169‐056Portugal
| | - Sina Naficy
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia
- Nano Institute (Sydney Nano)The University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia
| | - João Conde
- ToxOmicsNOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências MédicasNMS|FCMUniversidade Nova de LisboaLisboa1169‐056Portugal
| | - Gordon G. Wallace
- Intelligent Polymer Research InstituteARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials ScienceAIIM FacilityUniversity of WollongongSydneyNSW2522Australia
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6
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Lee HE, Lee D, Lee TI, Jang J, Jang J, Lim YW, Shin JH, Kang SM, Choi GM, Joe DJ, Kim JH, Lee SH, Park SH, Park CB, Kim TS, Lee KJ, Bae BS. Siloxane Hybrid Material-Encapsulated Highly Robust Flexible μLEDs for Biocompatible Lighting Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:28258-28269. [PMID: 35674729 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c03922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Flexible micro-light-emitting diodes (f-μLEDs) have been regarded as an attractive light source for the next-generation human-machine interfaces, thanks to their noticeable optoelectronic performances. However, when it comes to their practical utilizations fulfilling industrial standards, there have been unsolved reliability and durability issues of the f-μLEDs, despite previous developments in the high-performance f-μLEDs for various applications. Herein, highly robust flexible μLEDs (f-HμLEDs) with 20 × 20 arrays, which are realized by a siloxane-based organic-inorganic hybrid material (SHM), are reported. The f-HμLEDs are created by combining the f-μLED fabrication process with SHM synthesis procedures (i.e., sol-gel reaction and successive photocuring). The outstanding mechanical, thermal, and environmental stabilities of our f-HμLEDs are confirmed by a host of experimental and theoretical examinations, including a bending fatigue test (105 bending/unbending cycles), a lifetime accelerated stress test (85 °C and 85% relative humidity), and finite element method simulations. Eventually, to demonstrate the potential of our f-HμLEDs for practical applications of flexible displays and/or biomedical devices, their white light emission due to quantum dot-based color conversion of blue light emitted by GaN-based f-HμLEDs is demonstrated, and the biocompatibility of our f-HμLEDs is confirmed via cytotoxicity and cell proliferation tests with muscle, bone, and neuron cell lines. As far as we can tell, this work is the first demonstration of the flexible μLED encapsulation platform based on the SHM, which proved its mechanical, thermal, and environmental stabilities and biocompatibility, enabling us to envisage biomedical and/or flexible display applications using our f-HμLEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Eol Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Wearable Platform Materials Technology Center (WMC), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si 54896, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Daewon Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Wearable Platform Materials Technology Center (WMC), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Ik Lee
- Joining R&D Group, Root Industry Technology Center, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), 156 Gaetbeol-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhyeong Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Junho Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Wearable Platform Materials Technology Center (WMC), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Woo Lim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Wearable Platform Materials Technology Center (WMC), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Ho Shin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Wearable Platform Materials Technology Center (WMC), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Mo Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Wearable Platform Materials Technology Center (WMC), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwang-Mun Choi
- ICT Creative Research Laboratory, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Daniel J Joe
- Safety Measurement Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), 267 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hyeon Kim
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si 54896, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyung Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Wearable Platform Materials Technology Center (WMC), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Wearable Platform Materials Technology Center (WMC), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Beum Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Taek-Soo Kim
- Wearable Platform Materials Technology Center (WMC), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Keon Jae Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Wearable Platform Materials Technology Center (WMC), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Soo Bae
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Wearable Platform Materials Technology Center (WMC), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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Hee Lee J, Lee S, Kim D, Jae Lee K. Implantable Micro-Light-Emitting Diode (µLED)-based optogenetic interfaces toward human applications. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 187:114399. [PMID: 35716898 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Optogenetics has received wide attention in biomedical fields because of itsadvantages in temporal precision and spatial resolution. Beyond contributions to important advances in fundamental research, optogenetics is inspiring a shift towards new methods of improving human well-being and treating diseases. Soft, flexible and biocompatible systems using µLEDs as a light source have been introduced to realize brain-compatible optogenetic implants, but there are still many technical challenges to overcome before their human applications. In this review, we address progress in the development of implantable µLED probes and recent achievements in (i) device engineering design, (ii) driving power, (iii) multifunctionality and (iv) closed-loop systems. (v) Expanded optogenetic applications based on remarkable advances in µLED implants will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hee Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sinjeong Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Daesoo Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Keon Jae Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Han M, Karatum O, Nizamoglu S. Optoelectronic Neural Interfaces Based on Quantum Dots. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:20468-20490. [PMID: 35482955 PMCID: PMC9100496 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c25009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Optoelectronic modulation of neural activity is an emerging field for the investigation of neural circuits and the development of neural therapeutics. Among a wide variety of nanomaterials, colloidal quantum dots provide unique optoelectronic features for neural interfaces such as sensitive tuning of electron and hole energy levels via the quantum confinement effect, controlling the carrier localization via band alignment, and engineering the surface by shell growth and ligand engineering. Even though colloidal quantum dots have been frontier nanomaterials for solar energy harvesting and lighting, their application to optoelectronic neural interfaces has remained below their significant potential. However, this potential has recently gained attention with the rise of bioelectronic medicine. In this review, we unravel the fundamentals of quantum-dot-based optoelectronic biointerfaces and discuss their neuromodulation mechanisms starting from the quantum dot level up to electrode-electrolyte interactions and stimulation of neurons with their physiological pathways. We conclude the review by proposing new strategies and possible perspectives toward nanodevices for the optoelectronic stimulation of neural tissue by utilizing the exceptional nanoscale properties of colloidal quantum dots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mertcan Han
- Department
of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Onuralp Karatum
- Department
of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Sedat Nizamoglu
- Department
of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
- Graduate
School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
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9
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Study of High Polarized Nanostructure Light-Emitting Diode. CRYSTALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst12040532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the characteristic difference between the two different configurations of the three-dimensional shell–core nanorod LED. We achieve a degree of polarization of 0.545 for tip-free core–shell nanorod LED and 0.188 for tip core–shell nanorod LED by combining the three-dimensional (3D) structure LED with photonic crystal. The ability of low symmetric modes generated by photonic crystals to enhance degree of polarization has been demonstrated through simulations of photonic crystals. In addition, light confinement in GaN-based nanorod structures is induced by total internal reflection at the GaN/air interface. The combination of 3D core–shell nanorod LED and photonic crystals cannot only produce a light source with a high degree of polarization, but also a narrow divergence angle up to 56°. These 3D LEDs may pave the way for future novel optoelectronic components.
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10
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Kim JU, Park H, Ok J, Lee J, Jung W, Kim J, Kim J, Kim S, Kim YH, Suh M, Kim TI. Cerebrospinal Fluid-philic and Biocompatibility-Enhanced Soft Cranial Window for Long-Term In Vivo Brain Imaging. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:15035-15046. [PMID: 35344336 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c01929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Soft, transparent poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS)-based cranial windows in animal models have created many opportunities to investigate brain functions with multiple in vivo imaging modalities. However, due to the hydrophobic nature of PDMS, the wettability by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is poor, which may cause air bubble trapping beneath the window during implantation surgery, and favorable heterogeneous bubble nucleation at the interface between hydrophobic PDMS and CSF. This may result in excessive growth of the entrapped bubble under the soft cranial window. Herein, to yield biocompatibility-enhanced, trapped bubble-minimized, and soft cranial windows, this report introduces a CSF-philic PDMS window coated with hydroxyl-enriched poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) for long-term in vivo imaging. The PVA-coated PDMS (PVA/PDMS) film exhibits a low contact angle θACA (33.7 ± 1.9°) with artificial CSF solution and maintains sustained CSF-philicity. The presence of the PVA layer achieves air bubble-free implantation of the soft cranial window, as well as induces the formation of a thin wetting film that shows anti-biofouling performance through abundant water molecules on the surface, leading to long-term optical clarity. In vivo studies on the mice cortex verify that the soft and CSF-philic features of the PVA/PDMS film provide minimal damage to neuronal tissues and attenuate immune response. These advantages of the PVA/PDMS window are strongly correlated with the enhancement of cortical hemodynamic changes and the local field potential recorded through the PVA/PDMS film, respectively. This collection of results demonstrates the potential for future microfluidic platforms for minimally invasive CSF extraction utilizing a CSF-philic fluidic passage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Uk Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejin Park
- IMNEWRUN Inc., N Center Bldg. A 5F, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jehyung Ok
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Juheon Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Woojin Jung
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehyun Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhyeon Kim
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Ho Kim
- Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Minah Suh
- IMNEWRUN Inc., N Center Bldg. A 5F, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research (CNIR), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Il Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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11
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Kim H, Kim MJ, Kwon YW, Jeon S, Lee S, Kim C, Choi BT, Shin Y, Hong SW, Shin HK. Benefits of a Skull-Interfaced Flexible and Implantable Multilight Emitting Diode Array for Photobiomodulation in Ischemic Stroke. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2104629. [PMID: 35076161 PMCID: PMC9008794 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202104629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) has received attention due to its potential for improving tissue function and enhancing regeneration in stroke. A lightweight, compact, and simple system of miniaturized electronic devices consisting of packaged light-emitting diodes (LEDs) that incorporates a flexible substrate for in vivo brain PBM in a mouse model is developed. Using this device platform, the preventive and therapeutic effects of PBM affixed to the exposed skull of mice in the photothrombosis and middle cerebral artery occlusion stroke model are evaluated. Among the wavelength range of 630, 850, and 940 nm LED array, the PBM with 630-nm LED array is proved to be the most effective for reducing the infarction volume and neurological impairment after ischemic stroke. Moreover, the PBM with 630 nm LED array remarkably improves the capability of spatial learning and memory in the chronic poststroke phase, attenuates AIM2 inflammasome activation and inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis, and modulates microglial polarization in the hippocampus and cortex 7 days following ischemic stroke. Thus, PBM may prevent tissue and functional damage in acute ischemic injury, thereby attenuating the development of cognitive impairment after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunha Kim
- Department of Korean Medical ScienceGraduate Training Program of Korean Medical Therapeutics for Healthy‐AgingSchool of Korean MedicinePusan National UniversityYangsan50612Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacology and NeuroscienceCreighton University School of MedicineOmahaNE68178USA
| | - Min Jae Kim
- Department of Korean Medical ScienceGraduate Training Program of Korean Medical Therapeutics for Healthy‐AgingSchool of Korean MedicinePusan National UniversityYangsan50612Republic of Korea
| | - Young Woo Kwon
- Department of Nano‐Fusion TechnologyCollege of Nanoscience & NanotechnologyPusan National UniversityBusan46241Republic of Korea
| | - Sangheon Jeon
- Department of Congo‐Mechatronics EngineeringDepartment of Optics and Mechatronics EngineeringCollege of Nanoscience & NanotechnologyPusan National UniversityBusan46241Republic of Korea
| | - Seo‐Yeon Lee
- Department of PharmacologyWonkwang University School of MedicineIksan54538Republic of Korea
| | - Chang‐Seok Kim
- Department of Congo‐Mechatronics EngineeringDepartment of Optics and Mechatronics EngineeringCollege of Nanoscience & NanotechnologyPusan National UniversityBusan46241Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Tae Choi
- Department of Korean Medical ScienceGraduate Training Program of Korean Medical Therapeutics for Healthy‐AgingSchool of Korean MedicinePusan National UniversityYangsan50612Republic of Korea
| | - Yong‐Il Shin
- Department of Rehabilitation MedicineSchool of MedicinePusan National UniversityYangsan50612Republic of Korea
| | - Suck Won Hong
- Department of Congo‐Mechatronics EngineeringDepartment of Optics and Mechatronics EngineeringCollege of Nanoscience & NanotechnologyPusan National UniversityBusan46241Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa Kyoung Shin
- Department of Korean Medical ScienceGraduate Training Program of Korean Medical Therapeutics for Healthy‐AgingSchool of Korean MedicinePusan National UniversityYangsan50612Republic of Korea
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12
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Bouattour Y, Sautou V, Hmede R, El Ouadhi Y, Gouot D, Chennell P, Lapusta Y, Chapelle F, Lemaire JJ. A Minireview on Brain Models Simulating Geometrical, Physical, and Biochemical Properties of the Human Brain. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:818201. [PMID: 35419353 PMCID: PMC8996142 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.818201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a growing body of evidences that brain surrogates will be of great interest for researchers and physicians in the medical field. They are currently mainly used for education and training purposes or to verify the appropriate functionality of medical devices. Depending on the purpose, a variety of materials have been used with specific and accurate mechanical and biophysical properties, More recently they have been used to assess the biocompatibility of implantable devices, but they are still not validated to study the migration of leaching components from devices. This minireview shows the large diversity of approaches and uses of brain phantoms, which converge punctually. All these phantoms are complementary to numeric models, which benefit, reciprocally, of their respective advances. It also suggests avenues of research for the analysis of leaching components from implantable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yassine Bouattour
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU Clermont Ferrand, Clermont Auvergne INP, CNRS, ICCF, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- *Correspondence: Yassine Bouattour, ; Jean-Jacques Lemaire,
| | - Valérie Sautou
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU Clermont Ferrand, Clermont Auvergne INP, CNRS, ICCF, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Rodayna Hmede
- Universite Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, Institut Pascal, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Youssef El Ouadhi
- Universite Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, Institut Pascal, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Service de Neurochirurgie, CHU Clermont Ferrand, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Dimitri Gouot
- Universite Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, Institut Pascal, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Philip Chennell
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU Clermont Ferrand, Clermont Auvergne INP, CNRS, ICCF, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Yuri Lapusta
- Universite Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, Institut Pascal, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Frédéric Chapelle
- Universite Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, Institut Pascal, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Lemaire
- Universite Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, Institut Pascal, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Service de Neurochirurgie, CHU Clermont Ferrand, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- *Correspondence: Yassine Bouattour, ; Jean-Jacques Lemaire,
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13
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Liang S, Chen X, Li F, Song N. Laser-Engraved Liquid Metal Circuit for Wearable Electronics. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9020059. [PMID: 35200412 PMCID: PMC8869208 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9020059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional patterning methods for producing liquid metal (LM) electronic circuits, such as the template method, use chemical etching, which requires long cycle times, high costs, and multiple-step operations. In this study, a novel and reliable laser engraving micro-fabrication technology was introduced, which was used to fabricate personalized patterns of LM electronic circuits. First, by digitizing the pattern, a laser printing technology was used to burn a polyethylene (PE) film, where a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) or paper substrate was used to produce grooves. Then, the grooves were filled with LM and the PE film was removed; finally, the metal was packaged with PDMS film. The experimental results showed that the prepared LM could fabricate precise patterned electronic circuits, such as golden serpentine curves and Peano curves. The minimum width and height of the LM circuit were 253 μm and 200 μm, respectively, whereas the printed LM circuit on paper reached a minimum height of 26 μm. This LM flexible circuit could also be adapted to various sensor devices and was successfully applied to heart rate detection. Laser engraving micro-processing technologies could be used to customize various high-resolution LM circuit patterns in a short time, and have broad prospects in the manufacture of flexible electronic equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Liang
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China;
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Environmental Materials & Remediation Technologies, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-023-61162815
| | - Xingyan Chen
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China;
| | - Fengjiao Li
- Shenzhen Automotive Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518118, China;
| | - Na Song
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing Municipal Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing 400021, China;
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14
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Faisal SN, Amjadipour M, Izzo K, Singer JA, Bendavid A, Lin CT, Iacopi F. Non-invasive on-skin sensors for brain machine interfaces with epitaxial graphene. J Neural Eng 2021; 18. [PMID: 34874291 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ac4085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective. Brain-machine interfaces are key components for the development of hands-free, brain-controlled devices. Electroencephalogram (EEG) electrodes are particularly attractive for harvesting the neural signals in a non-invasive fashion.Approach.Here, we explore the use of epitaxial graphene (EG) grown on silicon carbide on silicon for detecting the EEG signals with high sensitivity.Main results and significance.This dry and non-invasive approach exhibits a markedly improved skin contact impedance when benchmarked to commercial dry electrodes, as well as superior robustness, allowing prolonged and repeated use also in a highly saline environment. In addition, we report the newly observed phenomenon of surface conditioning of the EG electrodes. The prolonged contact of the EG with the skin electrolytes functionalize the grain boundaries of the graphene, leading to the formation of a thin surface film of water through physisorption and consequently reducing its contact impedance more than three-fold. This effect is primed in highly saline environments, and could be also further tailored as pre-conditioning to enhance the performance and reliability of the EG sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaikh Nayeem Faisal
- School of Electrical and Data Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Mojtaba Amjadipour
- School of Electrical and Data Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Kimi Izzo
- School of Electrical and Data Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - James Aaron Singer
- School of Electrical and Data Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Avi Bendavid
- CSIRO Manufacturing, 36 Bradfield Road, Lindfield, NSW 2070, Australia
| | - Chin-Teng Lin
- Australian Artificial Intelligence Institute, FEIT, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Francesca Iacopi
- School of Electrical and Data Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
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15
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Gholami Derami H, Gupta P, Weng KC, Seth A, Gupta R, Silva JR, Raman B, Singamaneni S. Reversible Photothermal Modulation of Electrical Activity of Excitable Cells using Polydopamine Nanoparticles. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2008809. [PMID: 34216406 PMCID: PMC8363531 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202008809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Advances in the design and synthesis of nanomaterials with desired biophysicochemical properties can be harnessed to develop non-invasive neuromodulation technologies. Here, the reversible modulation of the electrical activity of neurons and cardiomyocytes is demonstrated using polydopamine (PDA) nanoparticles as photothermal nanotransducers. In addition to their broad light absorption and excellent photothermal activity, PDA nanoparticles are highly biocompatible and biodegradable, making them excellent candidates for both in vitro and in vivo applications. The modulation of the activity (i.e., spike rate of the neurons and beating rate of cardiomyocytes) of excitable cells can be finely controlled by varying the excitation power density and irradiation duration. Under optimal conditions, reversible suppression (≈100%) of neural activity and reversible enhancement (two-fold) in the beating rate of cardiomyocytes is demonstrated. To improve the ease of interfacing of photothermal transducers with these excitable cells and enable spatial localization of the photothermal stimulus, a collagen/PDA nanoparticle foam is realized, which can be used as an "add-on patch" for photothermal stimulation. The non-genetic optical neuromodulation approach using biocompatible and biodegradable nanoparticles represents a minimally invasive method for controlling the activity of excitable cells with potential applications in nano-neuroscience and engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Gholami Derami
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Prashant Gupta
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Kuo-Chan Weng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Anushree Seth
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Rohit Gupta
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Jonathan R Silva
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Baranidharan Raman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Srikanth Singamaneni
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
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16
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Zhang Y, Gao X, Wu Y, Gui J, Guo S, Zheng H, Wang ZL. Self-powered technology based on nanogenerators for biomedical applications. EXPLORATION (BEIJING, CHINA) 2021; 1:90-114. [PMID: 37366464 PMCID: PMC10291576 DOI: 10.1002/exp.20210152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Biomedical electronic devices have enormous benefits for healthcare and quality of life. Still, the long-term working of those devices remains a great challenge due to the short life and large volume of conventional batteries. Since the nanogenerators (NGs) invention, they have been widely used to convert various ambient mechanical energy sources into electrical energy. The self-powered technology based on NGs is dedicated to harvesting ambient energy to supply electronic devices, which is an effective pathway to conquer the energy insufficiency of biomedical electronic devices. With the aid of this technology, it is expected to develop self-powered biomedical electronic devices with advanced features and distinctive functions. The goal of this review is to summarize the existing self-powered technologies based on NGs and then review the applications based on self-powered technologies in the biomedical field during their rapid development in recent years, including two main directions. The first is the NGs as independent sensors to converts biomechanical energy and heat energy into electrical signals to reflect health information. The second direction is to use the electrical energy produced by NGs to stimulate biological tissues or powering biomedical devices for achieving the purpose of medical application. Eventually, we have analyzed and discussed the remaining challenges and perspectives of the field. We believe that the self-powered technology based on NGs would advance the development of modern biomedical electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro‐ and Nano‐structures of Ministry of EducationSchool of Physics and TechnologyWuhan UniversityWuhanP. R. China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Devices of Henan ProvinceHenan UniversityKaifengP. R. China
| | - Xiangyang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro‐ and Nano‐structures of Ministry of EducationSchool of Physics and TechnologyWuhan UniversityWuhanP. R. China
| | - Yonghui Wu
- International Joint Research Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Devices of Henan ProvinceHenan UniversityKaifengP. R. China
| | - Jinzheng Gui
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro‐ and Nano‐structures of Ministry of EducationSchool of Physics and TechnologyWuhan UniversityWuhanP. R. China
| | - Shishang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro‐ and Nano‐structures of Ministry of EducationSchool of Physics and TechnologyWuhan UniversityWuhanP. R. China
| | - Haiwu Zheng
- International Joint Research Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Devices of Henan ProvinceHenan UniversityKaifengP. R. China
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and NanosystemsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
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17
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McGlynn E, Nabaei V, Ren E, Galeote‐Checa G, Das R, Curia G, Heidari H. The Future of Neuroscience: Flexible and Wireless Implantable Neural Electronics. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2002693. [PMID: 34026431 PMCID: PMC8132070 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202002693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Neurological diseases are a prevalent cause of global mortality and are of growing concern when considering an ageing global population. Traditional treatments are accompanied by serious side effects including repeated treatment sessions, invasive surgeries, or infections. For example, in the case of deep brain stimulation, large, stiff, and battery powered neural probes recruit thousands of neurons with each pulse, and can invoke a vigorous immune response. This paper presents challenges in engineering and neuroscience in developing miniaturized and biointegrated alternatives, in the form of microelectrode probes. Progress in design and topology of neural implants has shifted the goal post toward highly specific recording and stimulation, targeting small groups of neurons and reducing the foreign body response with biomimetic design principles. Implantable device design recommendations, fabrication techniques, and clinical evaluation of the impact flexible, integrated probes will have on the treatment of neurological disorders are provided in this report. The choice of biocompatible material dictates fabrication techniques as novel methods reduce the complexity of manufacture. Wireless power, the final hurdle to truly implantable neural interfaces, is discussed. These aspects are the driving force behind continued research: significant breakthroughs in any one of these areas will revolutionize the treatment of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eve McGlynn
- Microelectronics LabJames Watt School of EngineeringUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowG12 8QQUnited Kingdom
| | - Vahid Nabaei
- Microelectronics LabJames Watt School of EngineeringUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowG12 8QQUnited Kingdom
| | - Elisa Ren
- Laboratory of Experimental Electroencephalography and NeurophysiologyDepartment of BiomedicalMetabolic and Neural SciencesUniversity of Modena and Reggio EmiliaModena41125Italy
| | - Gabriel Galeote‐Checa
- Microelectronics LabJames Watt School of EngineeringUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowG12 8QQUnited Kingdom
| | - Rupam Das
- Microelectronics LabJames Watt School of EngineeringUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowG12 8QQUnited Kingdom
| | - Giulia Curia
- Laboratory of Experimental Electroencephalography and NeurophysiologyDepartment of BiomedicalMetabolic and Neural SciencesUniversity of Modena and Reggio EmiliaModena41125Italy
| | - Hadi Heidari
- Microelectronics LabJames Watt School of EngineeringUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowG12 8QQUnited Kingdom
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18
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Wang Q, Siok WT. Intracranial recording in patients with aphasia using nanomaterial-based flexible electronics: promises and challenges. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 12:330-342. [PMID: 33889479 PMCID: PMC8042484 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.12.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, researchers have studied how nanotechnology could enhance neuroimaging techniques. The application of nanomaterial-based flexible electronics has the potential to advance conventional intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) by utilising brain-compatible soft nanomaterials. The resultant technique has significantly high spatial and temporal resolution, both of which enhance the localisation of brain functions and the mapping of dynamic language processing. This review presents findings on aphasia, an impairment in language and communication, and discusses how different brain imaging techniques, including positron emission tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and iEEG, have advanced our understanding of the neural networks underlying language and reading processing. We then outline the strengths and weaknesses of iEEG in studying human cognition and the development of intracranial recordings that use brain-compatible flexible electrodes. We close by discussing the potential advantages and challenges of future investigations adopting nanomaterial-based flexible electronics for intracranial recording in patients with aphasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingchun Wang
- Department of Linguistics, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wai Ting Siok
- Department of Linguistics, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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19
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Dong R, Wang L, Hang C, Chen Z, Liu X, Zhong L, Qi J, Huang Y, Liu S, Wang L, Lu Y, Jiang X. Printed Stretchable Liquid Metal Electrode Arrays for In Vivo Neural Recording. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2006612. [PMID: 33711201 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202006612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The adoption of neural interfacing into neurological diagnosis is severely hampered by the complex, costly, and error-prone manufacturing methods, requiring new fabrication processes and materials for flexible neural interfacing. Here a strategy for fabricating highly stretchable neural electrode arrays based on screen printing of liquid metal conductors onto polydimethylsiloxane substrates is presented. The screen-printed electrode arrays show a resolution of 50 µm, which is ideally applicable to neural interfaces. The integration of liquid metal-polymer conductor enables the neural electrode arrays to retain stable electrical properties and compliant mechanical performance under a significant (≈108%) strain. Taking advantage of its high biocompatibility, liquid metal electrode arrays exhibit excellent performance for neurite growth and long-term implantation. The stretchable electrode arrays can spontaneously conformally come in touch with the brain surface, and high-throughput electrocorticogram signals are recorded. Based on stretchable electrode arrays, real-time monitoring of epileptiform activities can be provided at different states of seizure. The method reported here offers a new fabrication strategy to manufacture stretchable neural electrodes, with additional potential utility in diagnostic brain-machine interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihua Dong
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 2 Yikuang Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088 Xueyuan Rd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Lulu Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Chen Hang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088 Xueyuan Rd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088 Xueyuan Rd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088 Xueyuan Rd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Leni Zhong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088 Xueyuan Rd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Jie Qi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088 Xueyuan Rd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Yuqing Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088 Xueyuan Rd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Shaoqin Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 2 Yikuang Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Liping Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yi Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xingyu Jiang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 2 Yikuang Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088 Xueyuan Rd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
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Shin JH, Park JH, Seo J, Im TH, Kim JC, Lee HE, Kim DH, Woo KY, Jeong HY, Cho YH, Kim TS, Kang IS, Lee KJ. A Flash-Induced Robust Cu Electrode on Glass Substrates and Its Application for Thin-Film μLEDs. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2007186. [PMID: 33634556 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202007186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
A robust Cu conductor on a glass substrate for thin-film μLEDs using the flash-induced chemical/physical interlocking between Cu and glass is reported. During millisecond light irradiation, CuO nanoparticles (NPs) on the display substrate are transformed into a conductive Cu film by reduction and sintering. At the same time, intensive heating at the boundary of CuO NPs and glass chemically induces the formation of an ultrathin Cu2 O interlayer within the Cu/glass interface for strong adhesion. Cu nanointerlocking occurs by transient glass softening and interface fluctuation to increase the contact area. Owing to these flash-induced interfacial interactions, the flash-activated Cu electrode exhibits an adhesion energy of 10 J m-2 , which is five times higher than that of vacuum-deposited Cu. An AlGaInP thin-film vertical μLED (VLED) forms an electrical interconnection with the flash-induced Cu electrode via an ACF bonding process, resulting in a high optical power density of 41 mW mm-2 . The Cu conductor enables reliable VLED operation regardless of harsh thermal stress and moisture infiltration under a high-temperature storage test, temperature humidity test, and thermal shock test. 50 × 50 VLED arrays transferred onto the flash-induced robust Cu electrode show high illumination yield and uniform distribution of forward voltage, peak wavelength, and device temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Ho Shin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hwan Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (Department of Aeronautics, Mechanical and Electronic Convergence Engineering), Kumoh National Institute of Technology, 61 Daehak-ro, Gumi, Gyeongbuk, 39177, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongmin Seo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hong Im
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Chan Kim
- UNIST Central Research Facilities (UCRF) and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Eol Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Hyun Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kie Young Woo
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hu Young Jeong
- UNIST Central Research Facilities (UCRF) and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Hoon Cho
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Taek-Soo Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Suk Kang
- National Nanofab Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291, Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Keon Jae Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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Rincón Montes V, Gehlen J, Ingebrandt S, Mokwa W, Walter P, Müller F, Offenhäusser A. Development and in vitro validation of flexible intraretinal probes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19836. [PMID: 33199768 PMCID: PMC7669900 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76582-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The efforts to improve the treatment efficacy in blind patients with retinal degenerative diseases would greatly benefit from retinal activity feedback, which is lacking in current retinal implants. While the door for a bidirectional communication device that stimulates and records intraretinally has been opened by the recent use of silicon-based penetrating probes, the biological impact induced by the insertion of such rigid devices is still unknown. Here, we developed for the first time, flexible intraretinal probes and validated in vitro the acute biological insertion impact in mouse retinae compared to standard silicon-based probes. Our results show that probes based on flexible materials, such as polyimide and parylene-C, in combination with a narrow shank design 50 µm wide and 7 µm thick, and the use of insertion speeds as high as 187.5 µm/s will successfully penetrate the retina, reduce the footprint of the insertion to roughly 2 times the cross-section of the probe, and induce low dead cell counts, while keeping the vitality of the tissue and recording the neural activity at different depths.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Rincón Montes
- Bioelectronics, Institute of Biological Information Processing-3, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - J Gehlen
- Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Institute of Biological Information Processing-1, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - S Ingebrandt
- Institute of Materials in Electrical Engineering 1, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - W Mokwa
- Institute of Materials in Electrical Engineering 1, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - P Walter
- Department of Ophthalmology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - F Müller
- Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Institute of Biological Information Processing-1, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - A Offenhäusser
- Bioelectronics, Institute of Biological Information Processing-3, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
- RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
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InAs/GaAs Quantum Dot Microlasers Formed on Silicon Using Monolithic and Hybrid Integration Methods. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13102315. [PMID: 32443456 PMCID: PMC7287998 DOI: 10.3390/ma13102315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
An InAs/InGaAs quantum dot laser with a heterostructure epitaxially grown on a silicon substrate was used to fabricate injection microdisk lasers of different diameters (15–31 µm). A post-growth process includes photolithography and deep dry etching. No surface protection/passivation is applied. The microlasers are capable of operating heatsink-free in a continuous-wave regime at room and elevated temperatures. A record-low threshold current density of 0.36 kA/cm2 was achieved in 31 µm diameter microdisks operating uncooled. In microlasers with a diameter of 15 µm, the minimum threshold current density was found to be 0.68 kA/cm2. Thermal resistance of microdisk lasers monolithically grown on silicon agrees well with that of microdisks on GaAs substrates. The ageing test performed for microdisk lasers on silicon during 1000 h at a constant current revealed that the output power dropped by only ~9%. A preliminary estimate of the lifetime for quantum-dot (QD) microlasers on silicon (defined by a double drop of the power) is 83,000 h. Quantum dot microdisk lasers made of a heterostructure grown on GaAs were transferred onto a silicon wafer using indium bonding. Microlasers have a joint electrical contact over a residual n+ GaAs substrate, whereas their individual addressing is achieved by placing them down on a p-contact to separate contact pads. These microdisks hybridly integrated to silicon laser at room temperature in a continuous-wave mode. No effect of non-native substrate on device characteristics was found.
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