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Bazzaz S, Abbasi A, Ghotbabad AG, Pourjafar H, Hosseini H. Novel Encapsulation Approaches in the Functional Food Industry: With a Focus on Probiotic Cells and Bioactive Compounds. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10364-7. [PMID: 39367980 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10364-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 10/07/2024]
Abstract
Bioactive substances can enhance host health by modulating biological reactions, but their absorption and utilization by the body are crucial for positive effects. Encapsulation of probiotics is rapidly advancing in food science, with new approaches such as 3D printing, spray-drying, microfluidics, and cryomilling. Co-encapsulation with bioactives presents a cost-effective and successful approach to delivering probiotic components to specific colon areas, improving viability and bioactivity. However, the exact method by which bioactive chemicals enhance probiotic survivability remains uncertain. Co-crystallization as an emerging encapsulation method improves the physical characteristics of active components. It transforms the structure of sucrose into uneven agglomerated crystals, creating a porous network to protect active ingredients. Likewise, electrohydrodynamic techniques are used to generate fibers with diverse properties, protecting bioactive compounds from harsh circumstances at ambient temperature. Electrohydrodynamic procedures are highly adaptable, uncomplicated, and easily expandable, resulting in enhanced product quality and functionality across various food domains. Furthermore, food byproducts offer nutritional benefits and technical potential, aligning with circular economy principles to minimize environmental impact and promote economic growth. Hence, industrialized nations can capitalize on the growing demand for functional foods by incorporating these developments into their traditional cuisine and partnering with businesses to enhance manufacturing and production processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Bazzaz
- Student Research Committee, Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Abbasi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atiyeh Ghafouri Ghotbabad
- Student Research Committee, Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadi Pourjafar
- Dietary Supplements and Probiotic Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Hedayat Hosseini
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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2
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Shen T, Sun X, Yang S, Wang W, Chen Z, Lin Y, Li S, Peng H, Zeng L, Li G, Li X, Wang B, Ning J, Wen H, Lei B, Zhang L. Innovative Oral Nano/Gene Delivery System Based on Engineered Modified Saccharomyces cerevisiae for Colorectal Cancer Therapy. ACS NANO 2024. [PMID: 39363565 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c08044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
The efficient delivery of RNA-based drugs to solid tumors remains a formidable obstacle. We aim to develop a safe and efficient oral drug delivery system compatible with RNA-based drugs that is urgently needed to overcome challenges such as enzymatic degradation and gastrointestinal barriers to facilitate effective treatment for treating colorectal cancer (CRC). To address these challenges, we utilized engineered modified Saccharomyces cerevisiae to evaluate the delivery efficacy of miR21-antagomir for treating CRC in preclinical mouse models, including adenomatosis polyposis coli mutant transgenic mice ApcMin/+ and in situ tumor-bearing mice. An orally deliverable gene delivery system, YS@NPs21, was designed. This gene delivery system demonstrated effectively suppressed tumor growth in both ApcMin/+ and in situ tumor-bearing mice models. This system exhibited tumor-targeting capability, effective inhibition of tumor growth, and low toxicity toward nontumor cells. Successful implementation of this innovative oral drug delivery system could offer a straightforward, safe, and RNA drug-compatible approach to CRC treatment, ultimately improving patient outcomes and reducing medical costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianli Shen
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xuejun Sun
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Shuanying Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Zilu Chen
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yuyao Lin
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Maxillofacial Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Sihua Li
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Hang Peng
- Department of General Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710068, China
| | - Lizhong Zeng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Gan Li
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xuqi Li
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Jingya Ning
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Haimei Wen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Bo Lei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Long Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
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3
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Zhao R, Yu T, Li J, Niu R, Liu D, Wang W. Single-cell encapsulation systems for probiotic delivery: Armor probiotics. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 332:103270. [PMID: 39142064 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Functional foods or drugs based on probiotics have gained unprecedented attention and development due to the increasingly clear relationship between probiotics and human health. Probiotics can regulate intestinal microbiota, dynamically participating in various physiological activities to directly affect human health. Some probiotic-based functional preparations have shown great potential in treating multiple refractory diseases. Currently, the survival and activity of probiotic cells in complex environments in vitro and in vivo have taken priority, and various encapsulation systems based on food-derived materials have been designed and constructed to protect and deliver probiotics. However, traditional encapsulation technology cannot achieve precise protection for a single probiotic, which makes it unable to have a significant effect after release. In this case, single-cell encapsulation systems can be assembled based on biological interfaces to protect and functionalize individual probiotic cells, maximizing their physiological activity. This review discussed the arduous challenges of probiotics in food processing, storage, human digestion, and the commonly used probiotic encapsulation system. Besides, a novel technology of probiotic encapsulation was introduced based on single-cell coating, namely, "armor probiotics". We focused on the classification, structural design, and functional characteristics of armor coatings, and emphasized the essential functional characteristics of armor probiotics in human health regulation, including regulating intestinal health and targeted bioimaging and treatment of diseased tissues. Subsequently, the benefits, limitations, potential challenges, as well as future direction of armor probiotics were put forward. We hope this review may provide new insights and ideas for developing a single-cell probiotics encapsulating system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runan Zhao
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory of Food Technology and Equipment, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ting Yu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory of Food Technology and Equipment, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiaheng Li
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory of Food Technology and Equipment, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiashan 314100, China
| | - Ruihao Niu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory of Food Technology and Equipment, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Donghong Liu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory of Food Technology and Equipment, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiashan 314100, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory of Food Technology and Equipment, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiashan 314100, China.
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4
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Han Q, Yang F, Chen M, Zhang M, Wang L, Wang H, Liu J, Cao Z. Coating Dormant Collagenase-Producing Bacteria with Metal-Anesthetic Networks for Precision Tumor Therapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2407402. [PMID: 39291426 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202407402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Tumor malignancy highly depends on the stiffness of tumor matrix, which mainly consists of collagen. Despite the destruction of tumor matrix is conducive to tumor therapy, it causes the risk of tumor metastasis. Here, metal-anesthetic network-coated dormant collagenase-producing Clostridium is constructed to simultaneously destruct tumor matrix and inhibit tumor metastasis. By metal-phenolic complexation and π-π stacking interactions, a Fe3+-propofol network is formed on bacterial surface. Coated dormant Clostridium can selectively germinate and rapidly proliferate in tumor sites due to the ability of carried Fe3+ ions to promote bacterial multiplication. Intratumoral colonization of Clostridium produces sufficient collagenases to degrade tumor collagen mesh and the loaded propofol restrains tumor metastasis by inhibiting tumor cell migration and invasion. Meanwhile, the delivered Fe3+ ions are reduced to the Fe2+ form by intracellular glutathione, thereby inducing potent Fenton reaction to trigger lipid peroxidation and ultimate ferroptosis of tumor cells. In addition to a satisfactory safety, a single intratumoral injection of coated dormant Clostridium not only effectively retards the growth of established large primary tumors, but also significantly suppresses distal lung metastasis in two different orthotopic tumor models. This work proposes a strategy to develop advanced therapeutics for malignant tumor treatment and metastasis prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuju Han
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Fengmin Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Mian Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Hongxia Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jinyao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zhenping Cao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
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5
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Zhu LY, Zhang MY, Juan-Cheng, Zhang YX. Shield-armed probiotic delivery system based on co-deposition of poly-dopamine and poly-lysine helps Lactiplantibacillus plantarum relieve hyperuricemia. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 280:135666. [PMID: 39299415 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a disease characterized by an abnormal metabolism of purine. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have attracted much attention for their safe and effective treatment of HUA by inhibiting xanthine oxidase (XOD) and regulating gut microbiota. However, the effectiveness of probiotics can be compromised by the harsh environment of the gastrointestinal tract. In preliminary experiments, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum DY1, which is generally regarded as safe (GRAS), can lower uric acid. We have devised a straightforward and efficient technique for encapsulating DY1 using a coating comprising polydopamine (PDA) co-deposited with poly-l-lysine (PLL) to obtain DY1@PDLL. TEM, SEM, FT-IR and DLS tests showed that DY1 was successfully coated. Incubate at SGF or SIF for 3 h, the number of viable bacteria of free probiotics and DY1@PDLL decreased by 0.92 and 0.46 log cfu/mL, 1.66 and 0.66 log cfu/mL, respectively. The fluorescence intensity of the intestines of the DY1@PDLL treated mice was 3.96 times that of free probiotic. Notably, DY1@PDLL can reduce the uric acid levels of HUA mice by 31.63 % and free probiotics by 18.72 % (≈1.69 times). DY1@PDLL could also regulate gut microbiota and serum metabolic profile. These findings unequivocally highlight the remarkable potential of DY1@PDLL as an exceptional oral probiotic delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Yan Zhu
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Yue Zhang
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan-Cheng
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Xuan Zhang
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China.
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6
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Xu C, Guo J, Chang B, Zhang Y, Tan Z, Tian Z, Duan X, Ma J, Jiang Z, Hou J. Design of probiotic delivery systems and their therapeutic effects on targeted tissues. J Control Release 2024; 375:20-46. [PMID: 39214316 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The microbiota at different sites in the body is closely related to disease. The intake of probiotics is an effective strategy to alleviate diseases and be adjuvant in their treatment. However, probiotics may suffer from harsh environments and colonization resistance, making it difficult to maintain a sufficient number of live probiotics to reach the target sites and exert their original probiotic effects. Encapsulation of probiotics is an effective strategy. Therefore, probiotic delivery systems, as effective methods, have been continuously developed and innovated to ensure that probiotics are effectively delivered to the targeted site. In this review, initially, the design of probiotic delivery systems is reviewed from four aspects: probiotic characteristics, processing technologies, cell-derived wall materials, and interactions between wall materials. Subsequently, the review focuses on the effects of probiotic delivery systems that target four main microbial colonization sites: the oral cavity, skin, intestine, and vagina, as well as disease sites such as tumors. Finally, this review also discusses the safety concerns of probiotic delivery systems in the treatment of disease and the challenges and limitations of implementing this method in clinical studies. It is necessary to conduct more clinical studies to evaluate the effectiveness of different probiotic delivery systems in the treatment of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Northeast Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Harbin 150030, China; Heilongjiang Green Food Science Research Institute, Harbin 150028, China
| | - Jiahui Guo
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Northeast Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Baoyue Chang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Northeast Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yiming Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Zhongmei Tan
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Northeast Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zihao Tian
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Northeast Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xiaolei Duan
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Northeast Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jiage Ma
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Northeast Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Harbin 150030, China; Heilongjiang Green Food Science Research Institute, Harbin 150028, China
| | - Zhanmei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Northeast Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Juncai Hou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Northeast Agricultural University, College of Food Science, Harbin 150030, China; Heilongjiang Green Food Science Research Institute, Harbin 150028, China.
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7
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Xiao S, Mu M, Feng C, Pan S, Chen N. The application of bacteria-nanomaterial hybrids in antitumor therapy. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:536. [PMID: 39227831 PMCID: PMC11373302 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02793-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Adverse effects and multidrug resistance remain significant obstacles in conventional cancer therapy. Nanomedicines, with their intrinsic properties such as nano-sized dimensions and tunable surface characteristics, have the potential to mitigate the side effects of traditional cancer treatments. While nanomaterials have been widely applied in cancer treatment, challenges such as low targeting efficiency and poor tumor penetration persist. Recent research has shown that anaerobic bacteria exhibit high selectivity for primary tumors and metastatic cancers, offering good safety and superior tumor penetration capabilities. This suggests that combining nanomaterials with bacteria could complement their respective limitations, opening vast potential applications in cancer therapy. The use of bacteria in combination with nanomaterials for anticancer treatments, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and photothermal/photodynamic therapy, has contributed to the rapid development of the field of bacterial oncology treatments. This review explores the mechanisms of bacterial tumor targeting and summarizes strategies for synthesizing bacterial-nanomaterial and their application in cancer therapy. The combination of bacterial-nanomaterial hybrids with modern therapeutic approaches represents a promising avenue for future cancer treatment research, with the potential to improve treatment outcomes for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susu Xiao
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Min Mu
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Chenqian Feng
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Shulin Pan
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Nianyong Chen
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Li M, Liu N, Zhu J, Wu Y, Niu L, Liu Y, Chen L, Bai B, Miao Y, Yang Y, Chen Q. Engineered probiotics with sustained release of interleukin-2 for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease after oral delivery. Biomaterials 2024; 309:122584. [PMID: 38735180 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a kind of auto-immune disease characterized by disrupted intestinal barrier and mucosal epithelium, imbalanced gut microbiome and deregulated immune responses. Therefore, the restoration of immune equilibrium and gut microbiota could potentially serve as a hopeful approach for treating IBD. Herein, the oral probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (ECN) was genetically engineered to express secretable interleukin-2 (IL-2), a kind of immunomodulatory agent, for the treatment of IBD. In our design, probiotic itself has the ability to regulate the gut microenvironment and IL-2 at low dose could selectively promote the generation of regulatory T cells to elicit tolerogenic immune responses. To improve the bioavailability of ECN expressing IL-2 (ECN-IL2) in the gastrointestinal tract, enteric coating Eudragit L100-55 was used to coat ECN-IL2, achieving significantly enhanced accumulation of engineered probiotics in the intestine. More importantly, L100-55 coated ECN-IL2 could effectively activated Treg cells to regulate innate immune responses and gut microbiota, thereby relieve inflammation and repair the colon epithelial barrier in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) induced IBD. Therefore, genetically and chemically modified probiotics with excellent biocompatibility and efficiency in regulating intestinal microflora and intestinal inflammation show great potential for IBD treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoyi Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Nanhui Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jiafei Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yumin Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Le Niu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital School of Medicine Tong ji University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Linfu Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Boxiong Bai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yu Miao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital School of Medicine Tong ji University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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9
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Zhang Y, Zhou C, Tian B, Xu J, Wang X, Dai H, Wang H, Xu F, Wang C. 3D printed spiral tube-like cellulose scaffold for oral delivery of probiotics. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadp3654. [PMID: 39178258 PMCID: PMC11343031 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adp3654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/25/2024]
Abstract
Introducing specific strains of probiotics into the gut microbiome is a promising way to modulate the intestinal microbiome to treat various health conditions clinically. However, oral probiotics typically have a temporary or limited impact on the gut microbiome and overall health benefits. Here, we reported a 3D printed cellulose-derived spiral tube-like scaffold that enabled high efficacy of the oral delivery of probiotics. Benefiting from the unique surface pattern, this system can effectively extend the retention time of loaded probiotics in the gut without invading nearby tissues, provide a favorable environment for the survival and long-term colonization of loaded probiotics, and influence the intestinal ecosystem as a dietary fiber after degradation. We demonstrate Roseburia intestinalis-loaded scaffold exerts noticeable impacts on the regulation of the gut microbiome to treat various gut-related diseases, including obesity and inflammatory bowel disease; thus, we provide a universal platform for oral delivery of probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Laboratory for Biomaterial and Immunoengineering, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Chenmeng Zhou
- Laboratory for Biomaterial and Immunoengineering, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Bo Tian
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Jialu Xu
- Laboratory for Biomaterial and Immunoengineering, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Laboratory for Biomaterial and Immunoengineering, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Huaxing Dai
- Laboratory for Biomaterial and Immunoengineering, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Heng Wang
- Laboratory for Biomaterial and Immunoengineering, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Fang Xu
- Laboratory for Biomaterial and Immunoengineering, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Laboratory for Biomaterial and Immunoengineering, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
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10
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Yang J, Ge S, Tan S, Liu H, Yang M, Liu W, Zhang K, Zhang Z, Liu J, Shi J, Wang ZH, Li J. Modified montmorillonite armed probiotics with enhanced on-site mucus-depleted intestinal colonization and H 2S scavenging for colitis treatment. J Control Release 2024; 374:140-153. [PMID: 39117113 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.07.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are often associated with dysregulated gut microbiota and excessive inflammatory microenvironment. Probiotic therapy combined with inflammation management is a promising approach to alleviate IBD, but the efficacy is hindered by the inferior colonization of probiotics in mucus-depleted inflammatory bowel segments. Here, we present modified montmorillonite armed probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (MMT-Fe@EcN) with enhanced intestinal colonization and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) scavenging for synergistic alleviation of IBD. The montmorillonite layer that can protect EcN against environmental assaults in oral delivery and improve on-site colonization of EcN in the mucus-depleted intestinal segment due to its strong adhesive capability and electronegativity, with a 22.6-fold increase in colonization efficiency compared to EcN. Meanwhile, MMT-Fe@EcN can manage inflammation by scavenging H2S, which allows for enhancing probiotic viability and colonization for restoring the gut microbiota. As a result, MMT-Fe@EcN exhibits extraordinary therapeutic effects in the dextran sulfate sodium-induced mouse colitis models, including alleviating intestinal inflammation and restoring disrupted intestinal barrier function, and gut microbiota. These findings provide a promising strategy for clinical IBD treatment and potentially other mucus-depletion-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Yang
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, School of Basic Medicine, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Shengchan Ge
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Shaochong Tan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Hua Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Mingzhu Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Kaixiang Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Zhenzhong Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Junjie Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Jinjin Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China.
| | - Zhi-Hao Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China.
| | - Jitian Li
- Henan Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital), 100 Yongping Road, Zhengzhou 450000, China.
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11
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Zhao XM, Liu JY, Liu HC, Yang ZZ, Zhao H, Yong YC. Individual cell modification with cell surface specific atom transfer radical polymerization for enhanced Cr(VI) removal. J Biosci Bioeng 2024:S1389-1723(24)00193-2. [PMID: 39142978 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2024.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Modifying cells with polymers on the surface can enable them to gain or enhance function with various applications, wherein the atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) has garnered significant potential due to its biocompatibility. However, specifically initiating ATRP from the cell surface for in-situ modification remains challenging. This study established a bacterial surface-initiated ATRP method and further applied it for enhanced Cr(VI) removal. The cell surface specificity was facilely achieved by cell surface labelling with azide substrates, following alkynyl ATRP initiator specifically anchoring with azide-alkyne click chemistry. Then, the ATRP polymerization was initiated from the cell surface, and different polymers were successfully applied to in-situ modification. Further analysis revealed that the modification of Shewanella oneidensis with poly (4-vinyl pyridine) and sodium polymethacrylate improved the heavy metal tolerance and enhanced the Cr(VI) removal rate of 2.6 times from 0.088 h-1 to 0.314 h-1. This work provided a novel idea for bacterial surface modification and would extend the application of ATRP in bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Ming Zhao
- Biofuels Institute and Institute for Energy Research, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jun-Ying Liu
- Biofuels Institute and Institute for Energy Research, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Heng-Chi Liu
- Biofuels Institute and Institute for Energy Research, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Zhi-Zhi Yang
- Biofuels Institute and Institute for Energy Research, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Han Zhao
- Biofuels Institute and Institute for Energy Research, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yang-Chun Yong
- Biofuels Institute and Institute for Energy Research, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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12
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Rao Y, Wang Y, Zhang H, Wang Y, He Q, Yuan X, Guo J, Chen H. A Strategy of Killing Two Birds With One Stone for Blocking Drug Resistance Spread With Engineered Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2406910. [PMID: 39139006 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202406910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Drug-resistant pathogens significantly threaten human health and life. Simply killing drug-resistant pathogens cannot effectively eliminate their threat since the drug-resistant genes (DRGs) released from dead drug-resistant pathogens are difficult to eliminate and can further spread via horizontal gene transfer, leading to the spread of drug resistance. The development of antibacterial materials with sterilization and DRGs cleavage activities is highly crucial. Herein, a living system, Ce-PEA@Bdello, is fabricated with bacterial killing and DRGs cleavage activities for blocking bacterial drug resistance dissemination by engineered Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus (Bdello). Ce-PEA@Bdello is obtained by engineering Bdello with dopamine and a multinuclear cerium (IV) complex. Ce-PEA@Bdello can penetrate and eliminate kanamycin-resistant P. aeruginosa (KanR) biofilms via the synergistic effect of predatory Bdello and photothermal polydopamine under near-infrared light. Additionally, the DNase-mimicking ability of Ce-PEA@Bdello endows it with genome and plasmid DNA cleavage ability. An in vivo study reveals that Ce-PEA@Bdello can eliminate P. aeruginosa (KanR) and cleave DRGs in scald/burn infected wounds to block the spread of drug resistance and accelerate wound healing. This bioactive system constructed from natural living materials offers a promising means for blocking the spread of drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Rao
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Soft Material and New Energy, Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yuxuan Wang
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Soft Material and New Energy, Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Hengyuan Zhang
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Soft Material and New Energy, Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yichen Wang
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Soft Material and New Energy, Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Qingxiang He
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Soft Material and New Energy, Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xiaonan Yuan
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Soft Material and New Energy, Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jiangna Guo
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Soft Material and New Energy, Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Soft Material and New Energy, Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
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13
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Chen M, Xia L, Wu C, Wang Z, Ding L, Xie Y, Feng W, Chen Y. Microbe-material hybrids for therapeutic applications. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:8306-8378. [PMID: 39005165 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00655g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
As natural living substances, microorganisms have emerged as useful resources in medicine for creating microbe-material hybrids ranging from nano to macro dimensions. The engineering of microbe-involved nanomedicine capitalizes on the distinctive physiological attributes of microbes, particularly their intrinsic "living" properties such as hypoxia tendency and oxygen production capabilities. Exploiting these remarkable characteristics in combination with other functional materials or molecules enables synergistic enhancements that hold tremendous promise for improved drug delivery, site-specific therapy, and enhanced monitoring of treatment outcomes, presenting substantial opportunities for amplifying the efficacy of disease treatments. This comprehensive review outlines the microorganisms and microbial derivatives used in biomedicine and their specific advantages for therapeutic application. In addition, we delineate the fundamental strategies and mechanisms employed for constructing microbe-material hybrids. The diverse biomedical applications of the constructed microbe-material hybrids, encompassing bioimaging, anti-tumor, anti-bacteria, anti-inflammation and other diseases therapy are exhaustively illustrated. We also discuss the current challenges and prospects associated with the clinical translation of microbe-material hybrid platforms. Therefore, the unique versatility and potential exhibited by microbe-material hybrids position them as promising candidates for the development of next-generation nanomedicine and biomaterials with unique theranostic properties and functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Chen
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China.
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Lili Xia
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Chenyao Wu
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Zeyu Wang
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Li Ding
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, National Clinical Research Center of Interventional Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University Cancer Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China.
| | - Yujie Xie
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Wei Feng
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Yu Chen
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China.
- Shanghai Institute of Materdicine, Shanghai 200051, P. R. China
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14
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Zheng B, Li M, Zhang T, Li B, Li Q, Saiding Q, Chen W, Guo M, Koo S, Ji X, Tao W. Functional modification of gut bacteria for disease diagnosis and treatment. MED 2024; 5:863-885. [PMID: 38964334 DOI: 10.1016/j.medj.2024.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Intestinal bacteria help keep humans healthy by regulating lipid and glucose metabolism as well as the immunological and neurological systems. Oral treatment using intestinal bacteria is limited by the high acidity of stomach fluids and the immune system's attack on foreign bacteria. Scientists have created coatings and workarounds to overcome these limitations and improve bacterial therapy. These preparations have demonstrated promising outcomes, with advances in synthetic biology and optogenetics improving their focused colonization and controlled release. Engineering bacteria preparations have become a revolutionary therapeutic approach that converts intestinal bacteria into cellular factories for medicinal chemical synthesis. The present paper discusses various aspects of engineering bacteria preparations, including wrapping materials, biomedical uses, and future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zheng
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Mengyi Li
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Tiange Zhang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Bowen Li
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Qiuya Li
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Qimanguli Saiding
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Wei Chen
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mingming Guo
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Seyoung Koo
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Chemical and Molecular Engineering, Hanyang University ERICA, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea.
| | - Xiaoyuan Ji
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Wei Tao
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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15
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Yan JH, Jin SX, Chen QW, Zhang Y, Li QR, Chen Z, Sun Y, Zhong Z, Zhang XZ. Intracellular Gelation-Mediated Living Bacteria for Advanced Biotherapeutics in Mouse Models. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:16605-16614. [PMID: 39039962 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c02215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Despite its significant potential in various disease treatments and diagnostics, microbiotherapy is consistently plagued by multiple limitations ranging from manufacturing challenges to in vivo functionality. Inspired by the strategy involving nonproliferating yet metabolically active microorganisms, we report an intracellular gelation approach that can generate a synthetic polymer network within bacterial cells to solve these challenges. Specifically, poly(ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) (PEGDA, 700 Da) monomers are introduced into the bacterial cytosol through a single cycle of freeze-thawing followed by the initiation of intracellular free radical polymerization by UV light to create a macromolecular PEGDA gel within the bacterial cytosol. The molecular crowding resulting from intracytoplasmic gelation prohibits bacterial division and confers robust resistance to simulated gastrointestinal fluids and bile acids while retaining the ability to secrete functional proteins. Biocompatibility assessments demonstrate that the nondividing gelatinized bacteria are effective in alleviating systemic inflammation triggered by intravenous Escherichia coli injection. Furthermore, the therapeutic efficacy of gelatinized Lactobacillus rhamnosus in colitis mice provides additional support for this approach. Collectively, intracellular gelation indicates a universal strategy to manufacture next-generation live biotherapeutics for advanced microbiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Hua Yan
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Sheng-Xin Jin
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Qi-Wen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Qian-Ru Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Zhu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Yunxia Sun
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Zhenlin Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Xian-Zheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
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16
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Li C, Wang ZX, Xiao H, Wu FG. Intestinal Delivery of Probiotics: Materials, Strategies, and Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2310174. [PMID: 38245861 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202310174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Probiotics with diverse and crucial properties and functions have attracted broad interest from many researchers, who adopt intestinal delivery of probiotics to modulate the gut microbiota. However, the major problems faced for the therapeutic applications of probiotics are the viability and colonization of probiotics during their processing, oral intake, and subsequent delivery to the gut. The challenges of simple oral delivery (stability, controllability, targeting, etc.) have greatly limited the use of probiotics in clinical therapies. Nanotechnology can endow the probiotics to be delivered to the intestine with improved survival rate and increased resistance to the adverse environment. Additionally, the progress in synthetic biology has created new opportunities for efficiently and purposefully designing and manipulating the probiotics. In this article, a brief overview of the types of probiotics for intestinal delivery, the current progress of different probiotic encapsulation strategies, including the chemical, physical, and genetic strategies and their combinations, and the emerging single-cell encapsulation strategies using nanocoating methods, is presented. The action mechanisms of probiotics that are responsible for eliciting beneficial effects are also briefly discussed. Finally, the therapeutic applications of engineered probiotics are discussed, and the future trends toward developing engineered probiotics with advanced features and improved health benefits are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Li
- International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials and Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Zi-Xi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Huining Xiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Fu-Gen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
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17
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Gao P, Duan Z, Xu G, Gong Q, Wang J, Luo K, Chen J. Harnessing and Mimicking Bacterial Features to Combat Cancer: From Living Entities to Artificial Mimicking Systems. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2405075. [PMID: 39136067 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202405075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial-derived micro-/nanomedicine has garnered considerable attention in anticancer therapy, owing to the unique natural features of bacteria, including specific targeting ability, immunogenic benefits, physicochemical modifiability, and biotechnological editability. Besides, bacterial components have also been explored as promising drug delivery vehicles. Harnessing these bacterial features, cutting-edge physicochemical and biotechnologies have been applied to attenuated tumor-targeting bacteria with unique properties or functions for potent and effective cancer treatment, including strategies of gene-editing and genetic circuits. Further, the advent of bacteria-inspired micro-/nanorobots and mimicking artificial systems has furnished fresh perspectives for formulating strategies for developing highly efficient drug delivery systems. Focusing on the unique natural features and advantages of bacteria, this review delves into advances in bacteria-derived drug delivery systems for anticancer treatment in recent years, which has experienced a process from living entities to artificial mimicking systems. Meanwhile, a summary of relative clinical trials is provided and primary challenges impeding their clinical application are discussed. Furthermore, future directions are suggested for bacteria-derived systems to combat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Breast Disease Center, Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Liver Transplant Center, Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHC, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhenyu Duan
- Department of General Surgery, Breast Disease Center, Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Liver Transplant Center, Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHC, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province and Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Breast Disease Center, Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Liver Transplant Center, Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHC, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Department of General Surgery, Breast Disease Center, Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Liver Transplant Center, Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHC, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province and Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Radiology, West China Xiamen Hospital of Sichuan University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361000, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Kui Luo
- Department of General Surgery, Breast Disease Center, Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Liver Transplant Center, Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHC, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province and Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Breast Disease Center, Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Liver Transplant Center, Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHC, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
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18
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Cao Z, Liu J. Surface nanocoating of bacteria as a versatile platform to develop living therapeutics. Nat Protoc 2024:10.1038/s41596-024-01019-6. [PMID: 39044001 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-024-01019-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Bacteria have been extensively utilized as living therapeutics for disease treatment due to their unique characteristics, such as genetic manipulability, rapid proliferation and specificity to target disease sites. Various in vivo insults can, however, decrease the vitality of dosed bacteria, leading to low overall bioavailability. Additionally, the innate antigens on the bacterial surface and the released toxins and metabolites may cause undesired safety issues. These limitations inevitably result in inadequate treatment outcomes, thereby hindering the clinical transformation of living bacterial therapeutics. Recently, we have developed a versatile platform to prepare advanced living bacterial therapeutics by nanocoating bacteria individually via either chemical decoration or physical encapsulation, which can improve bioavailability and reduce side effects for enhanced microbial therapy. Here we use interfacial self-assembly to prepare lipid membrane-coated bacteria (LCB), exhibiting increased resistance against a variety of harsh environmental conditions owing to the nanocoating's protective capability. Meanwhile, we apply mechanical extrusion to generate cell membrane-coated bacteria (CMCB), displaying improved biocompatibility owing to the nanocoating's shielding effect. We describe their detailed preparation procedures and demonstrate the expected functions of the coated bacteria. We also show that following oral delivery and intravenous injection in mouse models, LCB and CMCB present appealing potential for treating colitis and tumors, respectively. Compared with bioengineering that lacks versatile molecular tools for heterogeneous expression, the surface nanocoating technique is convenient to introduce functional components without restriction on bacterial strain types. Excluding bacterial culture, the fabrication of LCB takes ~2 h, while the preparation of CMCB takes ~5 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenping Cao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinyao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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19
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Li Y, Wang Y, Li Y, Yan S, Gao X, Li P, Zheng X, Gu Q. Dress me an outfit: advanced probiotics hybrid systems for intelligent IBD therapy. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-24. [PMID: 39007752 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2359135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Inflammation bowel disease (IBD) has emerged as a public health challenge worldwide; with high incidence and rapid prevalence, it has troubled billions of people and further induced multitudinous systemic complications. Recent decade has witnessed the vigorous application of food-borne probiotics for IBD therapy; however, the complicated and changeable environments of digestive tract have forced probiotics to face multiple in vivo pressures, consequently causing unsatisfied prophylactic or therapeutic efficacy attributed to off-targeted arrival, damaged viability, insufficient colonization efficiency, etc. Fortunately, arisen hybrid technology has provided versatile breakthroughs for the targeted transplantation of probiotics. By ingeniously modifying probiotics to form probiotics hybrid systems (PHS), the biological behaviors of probiotics in vivo could be mediated, the interactions between probiotics with intestinal components can be facilitated, and diverse advanced probiotic-based therapies for IBD challenge can be developed, which attribute to the intelligent response to microenvironment of PHS, and intelligent design of PHS for multiple functions combination. In this review, various PHS were categorized and their intestinal behaviors were elucidated systematically, their therapeutic effects and intrinsic mechanism were further analyzed. Besides, shortages of present PHS and the corresponding solutions have been discussed, based on which the future perspectives of this field have also been proposed. The undeniable fact is that PHS show an incomparable future to bring the next generation of advanced food science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonglu Li
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yadi Wang
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yapeng Li
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shihai Yan
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Gao
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Li
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-food Processing; Fuli Institute of Food Science; National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Gu
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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20
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Wang Y, Zhang Y, Wang P, Han J, Zhang X, Shi F, Zhang Z, Guo G, Wang R, Shao D, Wu D, She J. Intestinal Colonized Silkworm Chrysalis-Like Probiotic Composites for Multi-Crossed Comprehensive Synergistic Therapy of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2310851. [PMID: 38334256 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202310851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Inspired by the timely emergence of silkworm pupae from their cocoons, silkworm chrysalis-like probiotic composites (SCPCs) are developed for the comprehensive therapy of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), in which probiotics are enveloped as the "pupa" in a sequential layering of silk sericin (SS), tannic acid (TA), and polydopamine, akin to the protective "cocoon". Compared to unwrapped probiotics, these composites not only demonstrate exceptional resistance to the harsh gastrointestinal environment and exhibit over 200 times greater intestinal colonization but also safeguard probiotics from the damage of IBD environment while enabling probiotics sustained release. The probiotics, in synergy with SS and TA, provide a multi-crossed comprehensive therapy for IBD that simultaneously addresses various pathological features of IBD, including intestinal barrier disruption, elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines, heightened oxidative stress, and disturbances in the intestinal microbiota. SCPCs exhibit remarkable outcomes, including a 9.7-fold reduction in intestinal permeability, an 8.9-fold decrease in IL-6 levels, and a 2.9-fold reduction in TNF-α levels compared to uncoated probiotics. Furthermore, SCPCs demonstrate an impressive 92.25% reactive oxygen species clearance rate, significantly enhance the richness of beneficial intestinal probiotics, and effectively diminish the abundance of pathogenic bacteria, indicating a substantial improvement in the overall therapeutic effect of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Wang
- Center for Gut Microbiome Research, Med-X Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, P. R. China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, P. R. China
| | - Pengqian Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064, P. R. China
| | - Jing Han
- Department of High Talent, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojiang Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, P. R. China
| | - Feiyu Shi
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, P. R. China
| | - Gang Guo
- Center for Gut Microbiome Research, Med-X Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, P. R. China
- Department of High Talent, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, P. R. China
| | - Ruochen Wang
- Center for Gut Microbiome Research, Med-X Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, P. R. China
| | - Dan Shao
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Daocheng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Junjun She
- Center for Gut Microbiome Research, Med-X Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, P. R. China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, P. R. China
- Department of High Talent, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, P. R. China
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21
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Hou Y, Zhu L, Ye X, Ke Q, Zhang Q, Xie X, Piao JG, Wei Y. Integrated oral microgel system ameliorates renal fibrosis by hitchhiking co-delivery and targeted gut flora modulation. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:305. [PMID: 38822364 PMCID: PMC11143587 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02586-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal fibrosis is a progressive process associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD), contributing to impaired kidney function. Active constituents in traditional Chinese herbs, such as emodin (EMO) and asiatic acid (AA), exhibit potent anti-fibrotic properties. However, the oral administration of EMO and AA results in low bioavailability and limited kidney accumulation. Additionally, while oral probiotics have been accepted for CKD treatment through gut microbiota modulation, a significant challenge lies in ensuring their viability upon administration. Therefore, our study aims to address both renal fibrosis and gut microbiota imbalance through innovative co-delivery strategies. RESULTS In this study, we developed yeast cell wall particles (YCWPs) encapsulating EMO and AA self-assembled nanoparticles (NPYs) and embedded them, along with Lactobacillus casei Zhang, in chitosan/sodium alginate (CS/SA) microgels. The developed microgels showed significant controlled release properties for the loaded NPYs and prolonged the retention time of Lactobacillus casei Zhang (L. casei Zhang) in the intestine. Furthermore, in vivo biodistribution showed that the microgel-carried NPYs significantly accumulated in the obstructed kidneys of rats, thereby substantially increasing the accumulation of EMO and AA in the impaired kidneys. More importantly, through hitchhiking delivery based on yeast cell wall and positive modulation of gut microbiota, our microgels with this synergistic strategy of therapeutic and modulatory interactions could regulate the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway and thus effectively ameliorate renal fibrosis in unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) rats. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our work provides a new strategy for the treatment of renal fibrosis based on hitchhiking co-delivery of nanodrugs and probiotics to achieve synergistic effects of disease treatment and targeted gut flora modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China
| | - Xiaofeng Ye
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China
| | - Qiaoying Ke
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China
| | - Qibin Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China
| | - Xiaowei Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China
| | - Ji-Gang Piao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China.
| | - Yinghui Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China.
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22
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Han M, Shen N, Tan W, Wang X, Liu Y, Liang J, Li H, Gao Z. Layer-by-layer coated probiotics with chitosan and liposomes exhibit enhanced therapeutic effects for DSS-induced colitis in mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 269:132063. [PMID: 38705329 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Probiotic therapy has emerged as a promising approach for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases, offering advantages in terms of safety and convenience. However, oral probiotics encounter significant challenges, including exposure to a hostile gastric environment with low pH, bile salts, elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and damage to the protective mucus layer. These factors reduce probiotic survival rates and limit their physiological activity. To address these challenges, we developed a layer-by-layer coated probiotics with curcumin-loaded liposome and polymer. Through DSS-induced colitis mice experiments, we demonstrated that the coated probiotics exhibited an improved survival rate in the gastrointestinal tract and enhanced adhesion to the intestinal mucosa. Furthermore, multi-layered coated probiotics exhibited remarkable efficacy in alleviating colitis by efficiently repairing the gut barrier, modulating gut microbial homeostasis, and reducing bacterial motility at sites of colonic inflammation. Our innovative approach holds promise for effectively treating gastrointestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengzhen Han
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ning Shen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weiteng Tan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuanye Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jingjing Liang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongcai Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhenpeng Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
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23
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Nguyen DT, Han SY, Kozlowski F, Seisenbaeva GA, Kessler VG, Kim BJ, Choi IS. Biphasic water-oil systems for functional augmentation of probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus nanoencapsulated in luteolin-Fe 3+ shells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:5330-5333. [PMID: 38666704 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc01603c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2024]
Abstract
Single-cell nanoencapsulation (SCNE) has great potential in the enhancement of therapeutic effects of probiotic microbes. However, the material scope has been limited to water-soluble compounds to avoid non-biocompatible organic solvents that are harmful to living cells. In this work, the SCNE of probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus with water-insoluble luteolin and Fe3+ ions is achieved by the vortex-assisted, biphasic water-oil system. The process creates L. acidophilus nanoencapsulated in the luteolin-Fe3+ shells that empower the cells with extrinsic properties, such as resistance to lysozyme attack, anti-ROS ability, and α-amylase-inhibition activity, as well as sustaining viability under acidic conditions. The proposed protocol, embracing water-insoluble flavonoids as shell components in SCNE, will be an advanced add-on to the chemical toolbox for the manipulation of living cells at the single-cell level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duc Tai Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang Yeong Han
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Filip Kozlowski
- Department of Molecular Sciences, SLU, Uppsala 75007, Sweden
| | | | - Vadim G Kessler
- Department of Molecular Sciences, SLU, Uppsala 75007, Sweden
| | - Beom Jin Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44776, Republic of Korea
| | - Insung S Choi
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
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24
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Wei G, Yue Feng MT, Si Z, Chan-Park MB. Single-Cell Oral Delivery Platform for Enhanced Acid Resistance and Intestinal Adhesion. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:21498-21508. [PMID: 38640442 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Oral delivery of cells, such as probiotics and vaccines, has proved to be inefficient since cells are generally damaged in an acidic stomach prior to arrival at the intestine to exert their health benefits. In addition, short retention in the intestine is another obstacle which affects inefficiency. To overcome these obstacles, a cell-in-shell structure was designed with pH-responsive and mucoadhesive properties. The pH-responsive shell consisting of three cationic layers of chitosan and three anionic layers of trans-cinnamic acid (t-CA) was made via layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly. t-CA layers are hydrophobic and impermeable to protons in acid, thus enhancing cell gastric resistance in the stomach, while chitosan layers endow strong interaction between the cell surface and the mucosal wall which facilitates cell mucoadhesion in the intestine. Two model cells, probiotic L. rhamnosus GG and dead Streptococcus iniae, which serve as inactivated whole-cell vaccine were chosen to test the design. Increased survival and retention during oral administration were observed for coated cells as compared with naked cells. Partial removal of the coating (20-60% removal) after acid treatment indicates that the coated vaccine can expose its surface immunogenic protein after passage through the stomach, thus facilitating vaccine immune stimulation in the intestine. As a smart oral delivery platform, this design can be extended to various macromolecules, thus providing a promising strategy to formulate oral macromolecules in the prevention and treatment of diseases at a cellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangmin Wei
- NTU Food Technology Centre, Centre for Antimicrobial Bioengineering, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore 637459, Singapore
| | - Moon Tay Yue Feng
- NTU Food Technology Centre, Centre for Antimicrobial Bioengineering, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore 637459, Singapore
| | - Zhangyong Si
- NTU Food Technology Centre, Centre for Antimicrobial Bioengineering, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore 637459, Singapore
| | - Mary B Chan-Park
- NTU Food Technology Centre, Centre for Antimicrobial Bioengineering, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore 637459, Singapore
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25
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Han J, McClements DJ, Liu X, Liu F. Oral delivery of probiotics using single-cell encapsulation. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13322. [PMID: 38597567 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Adequate intake of live probiotics is beneficial to human health and wellbeing because they can help treat or prevent a variety of health conditions. However, the viability of probiotics is reduced by the harsh environments they experience during passage through the human gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Consequently, the oral delivery of viable probiotics is a significant challenge. Probiotic encapsulation provides a potential solution to this problem. However, the production methods used to create conventional encapsulation technologies often damage probiotics. Moreover, the delivery systems produced often do not have the required physicochemical attributes or robustness for food applications. Single-cell encapsulation is based on forming a protective coating around a single probiotic cell. These coatings may be biofilms or biopolymer layers designed to protect the probiotic from the harsh gastrointestinal environment, enhance their colonization, and introduce additional beneficial functions. This article reviews the factors affecting the oral delivery of probiotics, analyses the shortcomings of existing encapsulation technologies, and highlights the potential advantages of single-cell encapsulation. It also reviews the various approaches available for single-cell encapsulation of probiotics, including their implementation and the characteristics of the delivery systems they produce. In addition, the mechanisms by which single-cell encapsulation can improve the oral bioavailability and health benefits of probiotics are described. Moreover, the benefits, limitations, and safety issues of probiotic single-cell encapsulation technology for applications in food and beverages are analyzed. Finally, future directions and potential challenges to the widespread adoption of single-cell encapsulation of probiotics are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Han
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - David Julian McClements
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xuebo Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fuguo Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
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26
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Zhang L, Ye P, Zhu H, Zhu L, Ren Y, Lei J. Bioinspired and biomimetic strategies for inflammatory bowel disease therapy. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:3614-3635. [PMID: 38511264 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02995f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an idiopathic chronic inflammatory bowel disease with high morbidity and an increased risk of cancer or death, resulting in a heavy societal medical burden. While current treatment modalities have been successful in achieving long-term remission and reducing the risk of complications, IBD remains incurable. Nanomedicine has the potential to address the high toxic side effects and low efficacy in IBD treatment. However, synthesized nanomedicines typically exhibit some degree of immune rejection, off-target effects, and a poor ability to cross biological barriers, limiting the development of clinical applications. The emergence of bionic materials and bionic technologies has reshaped the landscape in novel pharmaceutical fields. Biomimetic drug-delivery systems can effectively improve biocompatibility and reduce immunogenicity. Some bioinspired strategies can mimic specific components, targets or immune mechanisms in pathological processes to produce targeting effects for precise disease control. This article highlights recent research on bioinspired and biomimetic strategies for the treatment of IBD and discusses the challenges and future directions in the field to advance the treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limei Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China.
| | - Peng Ye
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China.
| | - Huatai Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China.
| | - Liyu Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China.
| | - Yuting Ren
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China.
| | - Jiandu Lei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China.
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
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27
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Wang L, Liu J. Dopamine Polymerization-Mediated Surface Functionalization toward Advanced Bacterial Therapeutics. Acc Chem Res 2024; 57:945-956. [PMID: 38422996 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Bacteria-based therapy has spotlighted an unprecedented potential in treating a range of diseases, given that bacteria can be used as both drug vehicles and therapeutic agents. However, the use of bacteria for disease treatment often suffers from unsatisfactory outcomes, due largely to their suboptimal bioavailability, dose-dependent toxicity, and low targeting colonization. In the past few years, substantial efforts have been devoted to tackling these difficulties, among which methods capable of integrating bacteria with multiple functions have been extensively pursued. Different from conventional genetic engineering and modern synthetic bioengineering, surface modification of bacteria has emerged as a simple yet flexible strategy to introduce different functional motifs. Polydopamine, which can be easily formed via in situ dopamine oxidation and self-polymerization, is an appealing biomimetic polymer that has been widely applied for interfacial modification and functionalization. By virtue of its catechol groups, polydopamine can be efficiently codeposited with a multitude of functional elements on diverse surfaces.In this Account, we summarize the recent advances from our group with a focus on the interfacial polymerization-mediated functionalization of bacteria for advanced microbial therapy. First, we present the optimized strategy for bacterial surface modification under cytocompatible conditions by in situ dopamine polymerization. Taking advantage of the hydrogen bonding, π-π stacking, Michael addition, and Schiff base reaction with polydopamine, diverse functional small molecules and macromolecules are facilely codeposited onto the bacterial surface. Namely, monomodal, dual-modal, and multimodal surface modification of bacteria can be achieved by dopamine self-deposition, codeposition with a unitary composition, and codeposition with a set of multiple components, respectively. Second, we outline the regulation of bacterial functions by surface modification. The formed polydopamine surface endows bacteria with the ability to resist in vivo insults, such as gastrointestinal tract stressors and immune clearance, resulting in greatly improved bioavailability. Integration with specific ligands or therapeutic components enables the modified bacteria to increase targeting accumulation and colonization at lesion sites or play synergistic effects in disease treatment. Bacteria codeposited with different bioactive moieties, such as protein antigens, antibodies, and immunoadjuvants, are even able to actively interact with the host, particularly to elicit immune responses by either suppressing immune overactivation to promote the reversion of pathological inflammations or provoking protective innate and/or adaptive immunity to inhibit pathogenic invaders. Third, we highlight the applications of surface-modified bacteria as multifunctional living therapeutics in disease treatment, especially alleviating inflammatory bowel diseases via oral delivery and intervening in different types of cancer through systemic or intratumoral injection. Finally, we discuss the challenges and prospects of dopamine polymerization-mediated multifunctionalization for preparing advanced bacterial therapeutics as well as their bench to bedside translation. We anticipate that this Account can provide an insightful overview of bacterial therapy and inspire innovative thinking and new efforts to develop next-generation living therapeutics for treating various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Jinyao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
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28
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Cao Z, Pang Y, Pu J, Liu J. Bacteria-based drug delivery for treating non-oncological diseases. J Control Release 2024; 366:668-683. [PMID: 38219912 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Bacteria inhabit all over the human body, especially the skin, gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract, urogenital tract, as well as specific lesion sites, such as wound and tumor. By leveraging their distinctive attributes including rapid proliferation, inherent abilities to colonize various biointerfaces in vivo and produce diverse biomolecules, and the flexibility to be functionalized via genetic engineering or surface modification, bacteria have been widely developed as living therapeutic agents, showing promising potential to make a great impact on the exploration of advanced drug delivery systems. In this review, we present an overview of bacteria-based drug delivery and its applications in treating non-oncological diseases. We systematically summarize the physiological positions where living bacterial therapeutic agents can be delivered to, including the skin, gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract, and female genital tract. We discuss the success of using bacteria-based drug delivery systems in the treatment of diseases that occur in specific locations, such as skin wound healing/infection, inflammatory bowel disease, respiratory diseases, and vaginitis. We also discuss the advantages as well as the limitations of these living therapeutics and bacteria-based drug delivery, highlighting the key points that need to be considered for further translation. This review article may provide unique insights for designing next-generation bacteria-based therapeutics and developing advanced drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenping Cao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yan Pang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Jun Pu
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.
| | - Jinyao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.
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29
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Han M, Lei W, Liang J, Li H, Hou M, Gao Z. The single-cell modification strategies for probiotics delivery in inflammatory bowel disease: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 324:121472. [PMID: 37985038 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Oral probiotic therapy has become an increasingly attractive method for treating various diseases, including intestinal barrier dysfunction, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and colorectal cancer due to its safety and convenience. However, only a few probiotics after oral gavage can survive the acidic and bile salt conditions of the gastrointestinal tract and colonize the colon to have a nutritional effect on the host. To address these challenges, encapsulation technology has been applied to protect probiotics from harsh gastrointestinal conditions, improve gut adhesion, and reduce immunogenicity. In addition, some of the functional polysaccharides are used to endow probiotics with exogenous functions as prebiotics. In this review, we systematically introduced the advancements of emerging single-cell modification strategies for probiotics in IBD applications. Additionally, we discussed the limitations and perspectives of single-cell modification strategies for probiotics. This review contributed to the development of probiotic delivery systems with higher therapeutic efficacy against colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengzhen Han
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenzhi Lei
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jingjing Liang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongcai Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mengxin Hou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhenpeng Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
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Kuang X, Liu Y, Luo H, Li Q, Wu F, Fan C, Liu J. Triggerable Prodrug Nanocoating Enables On-Demand Activation of Microbial and Small-Molecular Therapeutics for Combination Treatment. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:26932-26946. [PMID: 37988674 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
The synergy of living microbial and small-molecular therapeutics has been widely explored for treating a variety of diseases, while current combination strategies often suffer from low bioavailability, heterogeneous spatiotemporal distribution, and premature drug release. Here, the use of a triggerable prodrug nanocoating is reported to enable the on-demand activation of microbial and small-molecular therapeutics for combination treatment. As a proof-of-concept study, a reactive oxygen species-responsive aromatic thioacetal linker is employed to prepare cationic chitosan-drug conjugates, which can form a nanocoating on the surface of living bacteria via electrostatic interaction. Following administration, the wrapped bacteria can be prevented from in vivo insults by the shielding effect of the nanocoating and be co-delivered with the conjugated drug in a spatiotemporally synchronous manner. Upon reaching the lesion site, the upgraded reactive oxygen species trigger in situ cleavage of the thioacetal linker, resulting in the release of the conjugated drug and a linker-derived therapeutic cinnamaldehyde. Meanwhile, a charge reversal achieved by the generation of negatively charged thiolated chitosan induces the dissociation of the nanocoating, leading to synchronous release of the living bacteria. The adequate activation of the combined therapeutics at the lesion site exhibits superior synergistic treatment efficacy, as demonstrated by an in vivo assessment using a mouse model of colitis. This work presents an appealing approach to combine living microbial and small-molecular therapeutics for advanced therapy of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Kuang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Huilong Luo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Qian Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Feng Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Chunhai Fan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jinyao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
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Guo L, Chen H, Ding J, Rong P, Sun M, Zhou W. Surface engineering Salmonella with pH-responsive polyserotonin and self-activated DNAzyme for better microbial therapy of tumor. EXPLORATION (BEIJING, CHINA) 2023; 3:20230017. [PMID: 38264692 PMCID: PMC10742197 DOI: 10.1002/exp.20230017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Bacteria-based microbial immunotherapy shows various unique properties for tumor therapy owing to their active tropism to tumor and multiple anti-tumor mechanisms. However, its clinical benefit is far from satisfactory, which is limited by rapid systemic clearance and neutrophils-mediated immune restriction to compromise the efficacy, as well as non-specific distribution to cause toxicity. To address all these limitations, herein we reported a polyserotonin (PST) coated Salmonella (Sal) with surface adsorption of DNAzyme (Dz)-functionalized MnO2 nanoparticles (DzMN) for tumor therapy. PST could facilely coat on Sal surface via oxidation and self-polymerization of its serotonin monomer, which enabled surface stealth to avoid rapid systemic clearance while maintaining the tumor homing effect. Upon targeting to tumor, the PST was degraded and exfoliated in response to acidic tumor microenvironment, thus liberating Sal to recover its anti-tumor activities. Meanwhile, the DzMN was also delivered into tumor via hitchhiking Sal, which could release Dz and Mn2+ after tumor cells internalization. The Dz was then activated by its cofactor of Mn2+ to cleave target PD-L1 mRNA, thus serving as a self-activated system for gene silencing. Combining Sal and Dz for immune activation and PD-L1 knockdown, respectively, anti-tumor immunotherapy was achieved with enhanced efficacy. Notably, PST coating could significantly decrease infection potential and non-specific colonization of Sal at normal organs, achieving high in vivo biosafety. This work addresses the key limitations of Sal for in vivo application via biomaterials modification, and provides a promising platform for better microbial immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Guo
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of PathologyShihezi University School of MedicineShiheziChina
| | - Jinsong Ding
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Pengfei Rong
- Department of RadiologyThe Third Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Ming Sun
- Division of Systems Pharmacology and PharmacyLeiden Academic Center for Drug ResearchLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Wenhu Zhou
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
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Zhao Y, He R, Zang J, Yin W, Su R, Xiong W, Xu W, Zhang J, Liu Y, Ren T, Huang Y, Li Y. Pathologically catalyzed physical coating restores the intestinal barrier for inflammatory bowel disease therapy. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:444. [PMID: 37996883 PMCID: PMC10668504 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02227-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal epithelia impairment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) leads to the leakage of bacteria and antigens and the consequent persistent immune imbalance. Restoring the epithelial barrier is a promising therapeutic target but lacks effective and safe clinical interventions. By identifying the catalase (CAT) presence in the IBD pathological environment, we herein develop a CAT-catalyzed pathologically coating on the damaged epithelial barrier to inhibit intestinal leakage for IBD therapy. With the codelivery of CaO2 (a CAT substrate) and dopamine, the nanosystem can enable CAT-catalyzed oxygen (O2) production and in-situ polymerization of dopamine and then yield a thin and integrative polydopamine (PDA) coating on the intestinal barrier due to the highly adhesive property of PDA. In vivo study demonstrates that PDA coating provides not only a protective barrier by restricting intestinal leakage but also a favorable anti-inflammation effect. Beyond drug management, this work provides a physical repair strategy via catalyzed coating for IBD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuge Zhao
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science (iNANO), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Ruiqing He
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science (iNANO), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jie Zang
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science (iNANO), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Weimin Yin
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science (iNANO), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Runping Su
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science (iNANO), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Weihua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yiqiong Liu
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science (iNANO), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Tianbin Ren
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science (iNANO), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yongzhuo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Yongyong Li
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science (iNANO), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Lin S, Wu F, Zhang Y, Chen H, Guo H, Chen Y, Liu J. Surface-modified bacteria: synthesis, functionalization and biomedical applications. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:6617-6643. [PMID: 37724854 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00369h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
The past decade has witnessed a great leap forward in bacteria-based living agents, including imageable probes, diagnostic reagents, and therapeutics, by virtue of their unique characteristics, such as genetic manipulation, rapid proliferation, colonization capability, and disease site targeting specificity. However, successful translation of bacterial bioagents to clinical applications remains challenging, due largely to their inherent susceptibility to environmental insults, unavoidable toxic side effects, and limited accumulation at the sites of interest. Cell surface components, which play critical roles in shaping bacterial behaviors, provide an opportunity to chemically modify bacteria and introduce different exogenous functions that are naturally unachievable. With the help of surface modification, a wide range of functionalized bacteria have been prepared over the past years and exhibit great potential in various biomedical applications. In this article, we mainly review the synthesis, functionalization, and biomedical applications of surface-modified bacteria. We first introduce the approaches of chemical modification based on the bacterial surface structure and then highlight several advanced functions achieved by modifying specific components on the surface. We also summarize the advantages as well as limitations of surface chemically modified bacteria in the applications of bioimaging, diagnosis, and therapy and further discuss the current challenges and possible solutions in the future. This work will inspire innovative design thinking for the development of chemical strategies for preparing next-generation biomedical bacterial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Lin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.
| | - Feng Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.
| | - Huan Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.
| | - Haiyan Guo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.
| | - Yanmei Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.
| | - Jinyao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.
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Huang QX, Liang JL, Yang CH, Li K, Niu MT, Fan JX, Zhang XZ. Stimulation-responsive mucoadhesive probiotics for inflammatory bowel disease treatment by scavenging reactive oxygen species and regulating gut microbiota. Biomaterials 2023; 301:122274. [PMID: 37586233 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by the high level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and highly dysfunctional intestinal flora. Here, a stimulation-responsive mucoadhesive probiotic Lac@HDP was rationally constructed for achieving specific adhesion of colitis site and depleting high level of ROS in inflammatory site. Briefly, Lac is Lactobacillus acidophilus, HDP is obtained by hyaluronic acid grafted with dopamine protected by phenylboric acid. Specifically, by consuming a large amount of ROS, phenyl borate group of Lac@HDP is oxidized and fractured, thus exposing the catechol hydroxyl group and obtaining strong mucosal adhesion ability, thereby significantly prolong the retention time of Lac in the inflammatory site. In the murine model of acute and chronic colitis, the stimulation-responsive mucoadhesive probiotics were significantly more effective in alleviating colitis symptoms than antioxidants and probiotics alone. In addition, the abundance and diversity of intestinal flora were increased after treatment with Lac@HDP, which was helpful to alleviate IBD. Importantly, the stimulation-responsive mucoadhesive probiotics have good biological safety in vivo, which provides the prospect of clinical application in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Xiao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
| | - Jun-Long Liang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
| | - Chi-Hui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
| | - Ke Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
| | - Mei-Ting Niu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
| | - Jin-Xuan Fan
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
| | - Xian-Zheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China.
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Li Y, Lee JS, Kirtane AR, Li M, Coffey CW, Hess K, Lopes A, Collins J, Tamang S, Ishida K, Hayward A, Wainer J, Wentworth AJ, Traverso G. Enzyme-Triggered Intestine-Specific Targeting Adhesive Platform for Universal Oral Drug Delivery. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2301033. [PMID: 37314859 PMCID: PMC10653991 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Patient adherence to chronic therapies can be suboptimal, leading to poor therapeutic outcomes. Dosage forms that enable reduction in dosing frequency stand to improve patient adherence. Variation in gastrointestinal transit time, inter-individual differences in gastrointestinal physiology and differences in physicochemical properties of drugs represent challenges to the development of such systems. To this end, a small intestine-targeted drug delivery system is developed, where prolonged gastrointestinal retention and sustained release are achieved through tissue adhesion of drug pills mediated by an essential intestinal enzyme catalase. Here proof-of-concept pharmacokinetics is demonstrated in the swine model for two drugs, hydrophilic amoxicillin and hydrophobic levodopa. It is anticipated that this system can be applicable for many drugs with a diverse of physicochemical characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Jung Seung Lee
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, South Korea
| | - Ameya R Kirtane
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Mengyuan Li
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Faculty of Applied Science & Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S1A4, Canada
| | - Charles William Coffey
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Hess
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Aaron Lopes
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Joy Collins
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Siddartha Tamang
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Keiko Ishida
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Alison Hayward
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Jacob Wainer
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Adam J Wentworth
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Giovanni Traverso
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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Saleh N, Mahmoud HE, Eltaher H, Helmy M, El-Khordagui L, Hussein AA. Prodigiosin-Functionalized Probiotic Ghosts as a Bioinspired Combination Against Colorectal Cancer Cells. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2023; 15:1271-1286. [PMID: 36030493 PMCID: PMC10491537 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-022-09980-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Lactobacillus acidophilus ghosts (LAGs) with the unique safety of a probiotic, inherent tropism for colon cells, and multiple bioactivities offer promise as drug carriers for colon targeting. Our objective was to evaluate LAGs functionalized with prodigiosin (PG), apoptotic secondary bacterial metabolite, as a bioinspired formulation against colorectal cancer (CRC). LAGs were prepared by a chemical method and highly purified by density gradient centrifugation. LAGs were characterized by microscopic and staining techniques as relatively small-sized uniform vesicles (≈1.6 µm), nearly devoid of cytoplasmic and genetic materials and having a negatively charged intact envelope. PG was highly bound to LAGs envelope, generating a physiologically stable bioactive entity (PG-LAGs), as verified by multiple microscopic techniques and lack of PG release under physiological conditions. PG-LAGs were active against HCT116 CRC cells at both the cellular and molecular levels. Cell viability data highlighted the cytotoxicity of PG and LAGs and LAGs-induced enhancement of PG selectivity for HCT116 cells, anticipating dose reduction for PG and LAGs. Molecularly, expression of the apoptotic caspase 3 and P53 biomarkers in HCT116 intracellular proteins was significantly upregulated while that of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 (B-cell lymphoma 2) was downregulated by PG-LAGs relative to PG and 5-fluorouracil. PG-LAGs provide a novel bacteria-based combination for anticancer biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nessrin Saleh
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hoda E Mahmoud
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hoda Eltaher
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt
- Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Therapies Division, Faculty of Science, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Maged Helmy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Labiba El-Khordagui
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed A Hussein
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Zhang B, Li Q, Xu Q, Li B, Dong H, Mou Y. Polydopamine Modified Ceria Nanorods Alleviate Inflammation in Colitis by Scavenging ROS and Regulating Macrophage M2 Polarization. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:4601-4616. [PMID: 37600119 PMCID: PMC10437713 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s416049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is closely related to higher intracellular oxidative stress. Therefore, developing a novel method to scavenge the harmful reactive oxygen species (ROS) and alleviate colon inflammation to treat IBD is a promising strategy. Methods CeO2@PDA-PEG (CeO2@PP) were synthesized by modifying ceria (CeO2) nanorods with polydopamine (PDA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG). The ROS scavenging ability of CeO2@PP was detected by using flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). The anti-inflammatory ability of CeO2@PP was determined in vitro by treating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. The biocompatibility of CeO2@PP was evaluated in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, the therapeutic effects of CeO2@PP in vivo were estimated in a dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model. Results Physicochemical property results demonstrated that PDA and PEG modification endowed CeO2 nanorods with excellent dispersibility and colloidal stability. CeO2@PP maintained superior enzyme-like activity, including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), indicating antioxidant ability. Moreover, in vitro results showed that CeO2@PP with PDA promotes LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages into M2-type polarization. In addition, in vitro and in vivo results showed that CeO2@PP have great biocompatibility and biosafety. Animal experiments have shown that CeO2@PP have excellent anti-inflammatory effects against DSS-induced colitis and effectively alleviated intestinal mucosal injury. Conclusion The nanoplatform CeO2@PP possessed excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties for scavenging ROS and modulating macrophage polarization, which is beneficial for efficient colitis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqing Zhang
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiang Li
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qinglin Xu
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Baochao Li
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Heng Dong
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongbin Mou
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
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Xie A, Ji H, Liu Z, Wan Y, Zhang X, Xiong H, Nie SP, Wan H. Modified Prebiotic-Based "Shield" Armed Probiotics with Enhanced Resistance of Gastrointestinal Stresses and Prolonged Intestinal Retention for Synergistic Alleviation of Colitis. ACS NANO 2023; 17:14775-14791. [PMID: 37477584 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c02914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Oral administration of probiotics is a promising method to alleviate inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). However, gastrointestinal environmental sensitivity and inferior intestinal colonization of probiotics hinder the alleviation effect. Here, we developed a simple yet effective modified prebiotic-based "shield" (Fe-TA@mGN) composed of an Fe3+-tannic acid cross-linking network and carboxymethylated β-glucan for arming Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN@Fe-TA@mGN). The Fe-TA@mGN "shield" not only acted as a dynamic barrier to enhance the gastrointestinal stress resistance ability of EcN but also aided the intestinal colonization of EcN as well as synergized with EcN for the alleviation of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) induced colitis. More specifically, with the protection of the Fe-TA@mGN "shield", the survival rate of armed EcN could be up to ∼1720 times higher than that of bare EcN after exposure to simulated gastric fluid. Excitingly, the intestinal retention rate of EcN@Fe-TA@mGN was as high as 47.54 ± 6.06% at 16 h post-administration, while almost all bare EcNs were excreted out at 8 h post-administration. With all of the aforementioned attributes, EcN@Fe-TA@mGN efficiently alleviated colitis, verified by the repair of the intestinal barrier and the attenuation of inflammation. Moreover, for EcN@Fe-TA@mGN, mGN synergized with EcN to positively modulate gut microbiota and promote the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs, especially for butyric acid, a primary source for maintaining intestinal health), both of which would further advance the alleviation of colitis. We envision that the strategy developed here will inspire the exploitation of various prebiotics to arm probiotics for the effective alleviation of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Haihua Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Zheyi Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yiqun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Xuecong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Huihuang Xiong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Shao-Ping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Hao Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
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Liu Y, Yu W, Wang Q, Cao Z, Li J. Artificially engineered bacteria to treat gastrointestinal disease and cancer. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103667. [PMID: 37302541 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutics based on living organisms provide a roadmap for next-generation biomedicine. Bacteria have an essential role in the development, regulation, and treatment of gastrointestinal disease and cancer through similar mechanisms. However, primitive bacteria lack the stability to overcome complex drug delivery barriers, and their multifunctionality in reinforcing both conventional and emerging therapeutics is limited. Artificially engineered bacteria (ArtBac) with modified surfaces and genetic functions show promise for tackling these problems. Herein, we discuss recent applications of ArtBac as living biomedicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases and tumors. Future perspectives are given to guide the rational design of ArtBac toward safe multifunctional medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Liu
- School of Science, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Wenqin Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Qian Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China.
| | - Zhenping Cao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.
| | - Juanjuan Li
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
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40
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Chen J, Zhang P, Wu C, Yao Q, Cha R, Gao Y. Reductase-Labile Peptidic Supramolecular Hydrogels Aided in Oral Delivery of Probiotics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37339324 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c04408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Oral delivery of probiotics has been a promising method for treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). However, probiotics always suffer from substantial loss of viability due to the harsh gastrointestinal conditions, especially the highly acidic environment in the stomach and bile salts in the intestine. In addition, to overcome the challenging conditions, an ideal delivery of probiotics requires the on-demand release of probiotics upon environmental response. Herein, a novel nitroreductase (NTR) labile peptidic hydrogel based on supramolecular self-assembly is demonstrated. The efficient encapsulation of typical probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) into supramolecular assemblies yielded a probiotic-loaded hydrogel (EcN@Gel). Such a hydrogel adequately protected EcN to improve its viability against harsh acid and bile salt environments during oral delivery. The upregulated NTR in the intestinal tract triggered the disassembly of the hydrogel and accomplished the controlled release of EcN locally. In ulcerative colitis (UC)-bearing mice, EcN@Gel showed significantly enhanced therapeutic efficacy by downregulating proinflammatory cytokines and repairing the intestinal barrier. Moreover, EcN@Gel remolded the gut microbiome by increasing the diversity and abundance of indigenous probiotics, contributing to ameliorated therapies of IBDs. The NTR-labile hydrogel provided a promising platform for the on-demand delivery of probiotics into the intestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Chen
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Pai Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Chengling Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Qingxin Yao
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ruitao Cha
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Pan C, Wang L, Zhang M, Li J, Liu J, Liu J. In Situ Polymerization-Mediated Antigen Presentation. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37262440 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c02682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Activating antigen-presenting cells is essential to generate adaptive immunity, while the efficacy of conventional activation strategies remains unsatisfactory due to suboptimal antigen-specific priming. Here, in situ polymerization-mediated antigen presentation (IPAP) is described, in which antigen-loaded nanovaccines are spontaneously formed and efficiently anchored onto the surface of dendritic cells in vivo through co-deposition with dopamine. The resulting chemically bound nanovaccines can promote antigen presentation by elevating macropinocytosis-based cell uptake and reducing lysosome-related antigen degradation. IPAP is able to prolong the duration of antigen reservation in the injection site and enhance subsequent accumulation in the draining lymph nodes, thereby eliciting robust antigen-specific cellular and humoral immune responses. IPAP is also applicable for different antigens and capable of circumventing the disadvantages of complicated preparation and purification. By implementation with ovalbumin, IPAP induces a significant protective immunity against ovalbumin-overexpressing tumor cell challenge in a prophylactic murine model. The use of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein S1 subunit also remarkably increases the production of S1-specific immunoglobulin G in mice. IPAP offers a unique strategy for stimulating antigen-presenting cells to boost antigen-specific adaptive responses and proposes a facile yet versatile method for immunization against various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Pan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Juanjuan Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Junqiu Liu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Jinyao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
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Zhu YX, You Y, Chen Z, Xu D, Yue W, Ma X, Jiang J, Wu W, Lin H, Shi J. Inorganic Nanosheet-Shielded Probiotics: A Self-Adaptable Oral Delivery System for Intestinal Disease Treatment. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:4683-4692. [PMID: 36912868 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The oral delivery of probiotics is commonly adopted for intestinal disease treatments in clinical settings; however, the probiotics suffer from a strong acidic attack in the gastric area and the low-efficiency intestinal colonization of naked probiotics. Coating living probiotics with synthetic materials has proven effective in enabling the adaption of bacteria to gastrointestinal environments, which, unfortunately, may shield the probiotics from initiating therapeutic responses. In this study, we report a copolymer-modified two-dimensional H-silicene nanomaterial (termed SiH@TPGS-PEI) that can facilitate probiotics to adapt to diverse gastrointestinal microenvironments on-demand. Briefly, SiH@TPGS-PEI electrostatically coated on the surface of probiotic bacteria helps to resist erosive destruction in the acidic stomach and spontaneously degrades by reacting with water to generate hydrogen, an anti-inflammatory gas in response to the neutral/weakly alkaline intestinal environment, thus exposing the probiotic bacteria for colitis amelioration. This strategy may shed new light on the development of intelligent self-adaptive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Xuan Zhu
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Nanocatalytic Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200331, P. R. China
| | - Yanling You
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of Sciences, Research Unit of Nanocatalytic Medicine in Specific Therapy for Serious Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2021RU012), Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhixin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of Sciences, Research Unit of Nanocatalytic Medicine in Specific Therapy for Serious Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2021RU012), Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Deliang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of Sciences, Research Unit of Nanocatalytic Medicine in Specific Therapy for Serious Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2021RU012), Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Wenwen Yue
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Nanocatalytic Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200331, P. R. China
| | - Xinxin Ma
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, P. R. China
| | - Junjie Jiang
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
| | - Wencheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of Sciences, Research Unit of Nanocatalytic Medicine in Specific Therapy for Serious Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2021RU012), Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
| | - Han Lin
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Nanocatalytic Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200331, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of Sciences, Research Unit of Nanocatalytic Medicine in Specific Therapy for Serious Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2021RU012), Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
| | - Jianlin Shi
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Nanocatalytic Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200331, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of Sciences, Research Unit of Nanocatalytic Medicine in Specific Therapy for Serious Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2021RU012), Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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Ji C, Huang Y, Sun L, Geng H, Liu W, Grimes CA, Luo M, Feng X, Cai Q. Tracking of Intestinal Probiotics In Vivo by NIR-IIb Fluorescence Imaging. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:20603-20612. [PMID: 37078734 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c20610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The ability to accurately characterize microorganism distribution in the intestinal tract is helpful for understanding intrinsic mechanisms. Within the intestine, traditional optical probes used for microorganism labeling commonly suffer from a low imaging penetration depth and poor resolution. We report a novel observation tool useful for microbial research by labeling near-infrared-IIb (NIR-IIb, 1500-1700 nm) lanthanide nanomaterials NaGdF4:Yb3+,Er3+@NaGdF4,Nd3+ (Er@Nd NPs) onto the surface of Lactobacillus bulgaricus (L. bulgaricus) via EDC-NHS chemistry. We monitor microorganisms in tissue by two-photon excitation (TPE) microscopy and in vivo with NIR-IIb imaging. This dual-technique approach offers great potential for determining the distribution of transplanted bacteria in the intestinal tract with a higher spatiotemporal resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhui Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Yao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Leilei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Hongchao Geng
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Rehabilitation Technology, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan 467000, Henan, China
| | - Wensheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Craig A Grimes
- Flux Photon Corporation, Alpharetta, Georgia 30005, United States
| | - Miaomiao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Xinxin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Qingyun Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
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Zhang C, Gao X, Ren X, Xu T, Peng Q, Zhang Y, Chao Z, Jiang W, Jia L, Han L. Bacteria-Induced Colloidal Encapsulation for Probiotic Oral Delivery. ACS NANO 2023; 17:6886-6898. [PMID: 36947056 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c00600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Probiotic oral delivery has crucial implications in biomedical engineering, but its oral bioavailability remains unsatisfactory because of the limited survival and colonization of probiotics in the harsh gastrointestinal tract. Here, a bacteria-induced encapsulation strategy is achieved by assembling metastable colloids to enhance the oral bioavailability of probiotics. The colloids (NTc) composed of amino-modified poly-β-cyclodextrin and tannic acid are formed based on the balance of host-guest interaction-driven attraction and electrostatic repulsion between colloids. Negatively charged probiotics electrostatically attract positively charged NTc to break the balance and induce further assembly surrounding the probiotics. Through a facile one-step mixing, 97% of bacteria are rapidly encapsulated into NTc shells within 10 s, with a high utilization rate of feeding colloids of 91%. More importantly, we show that the compact, thick, and positively charged NTc shells synergistically endow the encapsulated probiotics with strong resistance against simulated gastric fluid with an excellent survival rate of up to 19%, 7500 times superior to the commercial enteric material L100. Moreover, owing to the dynamically noncovalent and self-adaptive nature of host-guest interactions, NTc shells support the proliferation of the encapsulated EcN comparable with that of the naked EcN. In vitro and in vivo experiments also confirm that the NTc-encapsulated probiotics possess durable intestinal adhesion, continuous proliferation activity, enhanced oral bioavailability, good oral biosafety, and excellent therapeutic efficacy in a colitis mouse model. This facile bacteria-induced colloidal encapsulation strategy may extend to various microbes as oral bioagents for treating various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Zhang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Imaging, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaorong Gao
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Imaging, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxiu Ren
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Imaging, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Xu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Imaging, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Peng
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Imaging, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixin Zhang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Imaging, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhua Chao
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Imaging, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenning Jiang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Imaging, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyun Jia
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Imaging, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Lulu Han
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Imaging, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
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Liu Y, Niu L, Li N, Wang Y, Liu M, Su X, Bao X, Yin B, Shen S. Bacterial-Mediated Tumor Therapy: Old Treatment in a New Context. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2205641. [PMID: 36908053 PMCID: PMC10131876 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Targeted therapy and immunotherapy have brought hopes for precision cancer treatment. However, complex physiological barriers and tumor immunosuppression result in poor efficacy, side effects, and resistance to antitumor therapies. Bacteria-mediated antitumor therapy provides new options to address these challenges. Thanks to their special characteristics, bacteria have excellent ability to destroy tumor cells from the inside and induce innate and adaptive antitumor immune responses. Furthermore, bacterial components, including bacterial vesicles, spores, toxins, metabolites, and other active substances, similarly inherit their unique targeting properties and antitumor capabilities. Bacteria and their accessory products can even be reprogrammed to produce and deliver antitumor agents according to clinical needs. This review first discusses the role of different bacteria in the development of tumorigenesis and the latest advances in bacteria-based delivery platforms and the existing obstacles for application. Moreover, the prospect and challenges of clinical transformation of engineered bacteria are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repairand Regeneration of Ministry of EducationOrthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Nano ScienceTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200092P. R. China
- Pharmacy Department and Center for Medical Research and InnovationShanghai Pudong HospitalFudan University Pudong Medical CenterShanghai201399China
| | - Lili Niu
- Central LaboratoryFirst Affiliated HospitalInstitute (College) of Integrative MedicineDalian Medical UniversityDalian116021China
| | - Nannan Li
- Central LaboratoryFirst Affiliated HospitalInstitute (College) of Integrative MedicineDalian Medical UniversityDalian116021China
| | - Yang Wang
- Central LaboratoryFirst Affiliated HospitalInstitute (College) of Integrative MedicineDalian Medical UniversityDalian116021China
| | - Mingyang Liu
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General SurgeryThe First Hospital of China Medical University155 North Nanjing Street, Heping DistrictShenyang110001China
| | - Xiaomin Su
- Central LaboratoryFirst Affiliated HospitalInstitute (College) of Integrative MedicineDalian Medical UniversityDalian116021China
| | - Xuhui Bao
- Institute for Therapeutic Cancer VaccinesFudan University Pudong Medical CenterShanghai201399China
| | - Bo Yin
- Institute for Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines and Department of OncologyFudan University Pudong Medical CenterShanghai201399China
| | - Shun Shen
- Pharmacy Department and Center for Medical Research and InnovationShanghai Pudong HospitalFudan University Pudong Medical CenterShanghai201399China
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46
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Wu D, Lei J, Zhang Z, Huang F, Buljan M, Yu G. Polymerization in living organisms. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:2911-2945. [PMID: 36987988 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00759b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Vital biomacromolecules, such as RNA, DNA, polysaccharides and proteins, are synthesized inside cells via the polymerization of small biomolecules to support and multiply life. The study of polymerization reactions in living organisms is an emerging field in which the high diversity and efficiency of chemistry as well as the flexibility and ingeniousness of physiological environment are incisively and vividly embodied. Efforts have been made to design and develop in situ intra/extracellular polymerization reactions. Many important research areas, including cell surface engineering, biocompatible polymerization, cell behavior regulation, living cell imaging, targeted bacteriostasis and precise tumor therapy, have witnessed the elegant demeanour of polymerization reactions in living organisms. In this review, recent advances in polymerization in living organisms are summarized and presented according to different polymerization methods. The inspiration from biomacromolecule synthesis in nature highlights the feasibility and uniqueness of triggering living polymerization for cell-based biological applications. A series of examples of polymerization reactions in living organisms are discussed, along with their designs, mechanisms of action, and corresponding applications. The current challenges and prospects in this lifeful field are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Lei
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
| | - Zhankui Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Feihe Huang
- Stoddart Institute of Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China.
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, 311215, P. R. China
| | - Marija Buljan
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Guocan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
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47
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Geng Z, Wang X, Wu F, Cao Z, Liu J. Biointerface mineralization generates ultraresistant gut microbes as oral biotherapeutics. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eade0997. [PMID: 36930714 PMCID: PMC10022893 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade0997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Despite the fact that oral microecologics are effective in modulating the gut microbiome, they always suffer from multiple insults during the journey from manufacture to arrival at the intestine. Inspired by the protective mechanism of mineralization, we describe a cytocompatible approach of biointerface mineralization that can generate an ultraresistant and self-removable coating on bacterial surface to solve these challenges. Mineral coating endows bacteria with robust resistances against manufacture-associated oxygen exposure, ultraviolet irradiation, and 75% ethanol. Following oral ingestion, the coating is able to actively neutralize gastric acid and release encapsulated bacteria through spontaneous yet rapid double-decomposition reaction. In addition to acid neutralization, the generated calcium ions can trigger micellar aggregation of bile acid, enabling dual exemptions from the insults of gastric acid and bile acid to achieve uncompromised bacterial viability. Further supported by the therapeutic efficacy of coated bacteria toward colitis mice, biointerface mineralization provides a versatile platform for developing next-generation living oral biotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongmin Geng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xinyue Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Feng Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Zhenping Cao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Jinyao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
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48
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Guo H, Cao Z, Li J, Fu Z, Lin S, Wang L, Liu J. Integrating Bacteria with a Ternary Combination of Photosensitizers for Monochromatic Irradiation-Mediated Photoacoustic Imaging-Guided Synergistic Photothermal Therapy. ACS NANO 2023; 17:5059-5071. [PMID: 36847803 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Photosensitizer-based therapy often suffers from unitary and easily attenuated photosensitive effects, limited tumor penetration and retention, and requirement of multiple irradiation for combination therapy, which largely restrict its application. Here, bacteria are integrated with a monochromatic irradiation-mediated ternary combination of photosensitizers for photoacoustic imaging-guided synergistic photothermal therapy. Bacteria that are bioengineered to express natural melanin are decorated with dual synthetic photosensitizers by nanodeposition with indocyanine green and polydopamine under a cytocompatible condition. The combined photosensitizers, which share an adequate excitation at 808 nm, endow integrated bacteria with a stable triple photoacoustic and photothermal effect under a monochromatic irradiation. Due to their living characteristics, these bacteria preferentially colonize hypoxic tumor tissue with homogeneous distribution and durable retention and generate uniform imaging signals and a sufficient heating of tumor upon laser irradiation. Supported by significantly inhibited tumor growth and extended survival of animals in different tumor-bearing murine models, our work proposes the development of bacteria-based innovative photosensitizers for imaging-guided therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Guo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P. R. China
| | - Zhenping Cao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Juanjuan Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Zhenzhen Fu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Sisi Lin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Jinyao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
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An B, Wang Y, Huang Y, Wang X, Liu Y, Xun D, Church GM, Dai Z, Yi X, Tang TC, Zhong C. Engineered Living Materials For Sustainability. Chem Rev 2023; 123:2349-2419. [PMID: 36512650 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in synthetic biology and materials science have given rise to a new form of materials, namely engineered living materials (ELMs), which are composed of living matter or cell communities embedded in self-regenerating matrices of their own or artificial scaffolds. Like natural materials such as bone, wood, and skin, ELMs, which possess the functional capabilities of living organisms, can grow, self-organize, and self-repair when needed. They also spontaneously perform programmed biological functions upon sensing external cues. Currently, ELMs show promise for green energy production, bioremediation, disease treatment, and fabricating advanced smart materials. This review first introduces the dynamic features of natural living systems and their potential for developing novel materials. We then summarize the recent research progress on living materials and emerging design strategies from both synthetic biology and materials science perspectives. Finally, we discuss the positive impacts of living materials on promoting sustainability and key future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolin An
- Center for Materials Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yanyi Wang
- Center for Materials Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yuanyuan Huang
- Center for Materials Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Center for Materials Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yuzhu Liu
- Center for Materials Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Dongmin Xun
- Center for Materials Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - George M Church
- Center for Materials Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston 02115, Massachusetts United States.,Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02115, Massachusetts United States
| | - Zhuojun Dai
- Center for Materials Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiao Yi
- Center for Materials Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Tzu-Chieh Tang
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston 02115, Massachusetts United States.,Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02115, Massachusetts United States
| | - Chao Zhong
- Center for Materials Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
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50
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Liu Y, Zhang M, Wang X, Yang F, Cao Z, Wang L, Liu J. Dressing Bacteria With a Hybrid Immunoactive Nanosurface to Elicit Dual Anticancer and Antiviral Immunity. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2210949. [PMID: 36564893 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202210949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Approaches capable of simultaneously treating cancer and protecting susceptible patients from lethal infections such as coronavirus disease 2019, are highly desirable but prove to be difficult. Here, dressing bacteria with a hybrid immunoactive nanosurface is reported to elicit dual anticancer and antiviral immunity. A combination of a checkpoint blocking antibody and a virus-specific antigen is covalently conjugated to polydopamine nanoparticles, which can be anchored onto bacterial surface, by a one-step in situ polymerization of dopamine under a cell-friendly condition. By virtue of the ability to colonize and penetrate deep tumor tissue, dressed bacteria enable sustained release and expanded exposure of carried immunoactivators to stimulate immune cells. In addition to a carrier role, bacteria are able to further provoke innate immunity due to the native immunogenicity of the pathogen-associated molecular patterns. Immunization with dressed bacteria promotes the maturation, and activation of antigen-presenting cells, which induces robust humoral and cellular immune responses in tumor-bearing mice. As evidenced by efficient production of viral-antigen-specific immunoglobulin G antibody in serum and significantly suppressed tumor growth in different models, dressing bacteria with a hybrid immunoactive nanosurface paves an avenue to prepare next-generation therapeutics for synergistic treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Xinyue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Fengmin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Zhenping Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Lu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Jinyao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
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