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Kong J, Deng Y, Xu Y, Zhang P, Li L, Huang Y. A Two-Pronged Delivery Strategy Disrupting Positive Feedback Loop of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps for Metastasis Suppression. ACS NANO 2024; 18:15432-15451. [PMID: 38842256 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) severely affect tumor metastasis through a self-perpetuating feedback loop involving two key steps: (1) mitochondrial aerobic respiration-induced hypoxia promotes NET formation and (2) NETs enhance mitochondrial metabolism to exacerbate hypoxia. Herein, we propose a two-pronged approach with the activity of NET-degrading and mitochondrion-damaging by simultaneously targeting drugs to NETs and tumor mitochondria of this loop. In addition to specifically recognizing and eliminating extant NETs, the NET-targeting nanoparticle also reduces NET-induced mitochondrial biogenesis, thus inhibiting the initial step of the feedback loop and mitigating extant NETs' impact on tumor metastasis. Simultaneously, the mitochondrion-targeting system intercepts mitochondrial metabolism and alleviates tumor hypoxia, inhibiting neutrophil infiltration and subsequent NET formation, which reduces the source of NETs and disrupts another step of the self-amplifying feedback loop. Together, the combination significantly reduces the formation of NET-tumor cell clusters by disrupting the interaction between NETs and tumor mitochondria, thereby impeding the metastatic cascade including tumor invasion, hematogenous spread, and distant colonization. This work represents an innovative attempt to disrupt the feedback loop in tumor metastasis, offering a promising therapeutic approach restraining NET-assisted metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxia Kong
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yudi Deng
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yiwen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lian Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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2
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Brannon ER, Piegols LD, Cady G, Kupor D, Chu X, Guevara MV, Lima MRN, Kanthi Y, Pinsky DJ, Uhrich KE, Eniola-Adefeso O. Polymerized Salicylic Acid Microparticles Reduce the Progression and Formation of Human Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NET)s. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2400443. [PMID: 38898728 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Neutrophils can contribute to inflammatory disease propagation via innate mechanisms intended for inflammation resolution. For example, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are necessary for trapping pathogens but can contribute to clot formation and blood flow restriction, that is, ischemia. Currently, no therapeutics in the clinic directly target NETs despite the known involvement of NETs contributing to mortality and increased disease severity. Vascular-deployed particle-based therapeutics are a novel and robust alternative to traditional small-molecule drugs by enhancing drug delivery to cells of interest. This work designs a high-throughput assay to investigate the immunomodulatory behavior and functionality of salicylic acid-based polymer-based particle therapeutics against NETosis in human neutrophils. Briefly, this work finds that polymeric composition plays a role, and particle size can also influence rates of NETosis. Salicylate-based polymeric (Poly-SA) particles are found to functionally inhibit NETosis depending on the particle size and concentration exposed to neutrophils. This work demonstrates the high throughput method can help fast-track particle-based therapeutic optimization and design, more efficiently preparing this innovative therapeutics for the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma R Brannon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, 2800 Plymouth Road, NCRC B28, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Logan D Piegols
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, 2800 Plymouth Road, NCRC B28, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Gillian Cady
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Samuel and Jean Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Daniel Kupor
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, 2800 Plymouth Road, NCRC B28, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Xueqi Chu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, 2800 Plymouth Road, NCRC B28, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - M Valentina Guevara
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, 2800 Plymouth Road, NCRC B28, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Mariana R N Lima
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Yogendra Kanthi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Samuel and Jean Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Section of Vascular Thrombosis & Inflammation, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - David J Pinsky
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Samuel and Jean Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Kathryn E Uhrich
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Omolola Eniola-Adefeso
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, 2800 Plymouth Road, NCRC B28, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
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Li X, Hu L, Naeem A, Xiao S, Yang M, Shang H, Zhang J. Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Tumors and Potential Use of Traditional Herbal Medicine Formulations for Its Regulation. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:2851-2877. [PMID: 38529365 PMCID: PMC10961241 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s449181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are extracellular fibers composed of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and decorated proteins produced by neutrophils. Recently, NETs have been associated with the development of many diseases, including tumors. Herein, we reviewed the correlation between NETs and tumors. In addition, we detailed active compounds from traditional herbal medicine formulations that inhibit NETs, related nanodrug delivery systems, and antibodies that serve as "guiding moieties" to ensure targeted delivery to NETs. Furthermore, we discussed the strategies used by pathogenic microorganisms to evade NETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Hu
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Abid Naeem
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, People’s Republic of China
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Medical Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shanghua Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming Yang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongming Shang
- Department of Biochemistry & Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jing Zhang
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, People’s Republic of China
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Zheng Y, Li Y, Li M, Wang R, Jiang Y, Zhao M, Lu J, Li R, Li X, Shi S. COVID-19 cooling: Nanostrategies targeting cytokine storm for controlling severe and critical symptoms. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:738-811. [PMID: 37990647 DOI: 10.1002/med.21997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
As severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants continue to wreak havoc worldwide, the "Cytokine Storm" (CS, also known as the inflammatory storm) or Cytokine Release Syndrome has reemerged in the public consciousness. CS is a significant contributor to the deterioration of infected individuals. Therefore, CS control is of great significance for the treatment of critically ill patients and the reduction of mortality rates. With the occurrence of variants, concerns regarding the efficacy of vaccines and antiviral drugs with a broad spectrum have grown. We should make an effort to modernize treatment strategies to address the challenges posed by mutations. Thus, in addition to the requirement for additional clinical data to monitor the long-term effects of vaccines and broad-spectrum antiviral drugs, we can use CS as an entry point and therapeutic target to alleviate the severity of the disease in patients. To effectively combat the mutation, new technologies for neutralizing or controlling CS must be developed. In recent years, nanotechnology has been widely applied in the biomedical field, opening up a plethora of opportunities for CS. Here, we put forward the view of cytokine storm as a therapeutic target can be used to treat critically ill patients by expounding the relationship between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and CS and the mechanisms associated with CS. We pay special attention to the representative strategies of nanomaterials in current neutral and CS research, as well as their potential chemical design and principles. We hope that the nanostrategies described in this review provide attractive treatment options for severe and critical COVID-19 caused by CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuke Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Mao Li
- Health Management Centre, Clinical Medical College & Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rujing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuhong Jiang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengnan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Sanjun Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Heil M. Self-DNA driven inflammation in COVID-19 and after mRNA-based vaccination: lessons for non-COVID-19 pathologies. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1259879. [PMID: 38439942 PMCID: PMC10910434 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1259879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic triggered an unprecedented concentration of economic and research efforts to generate knowledge at unequalled speed on deregulated interferon type I signalling and nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer in B-cells (NF-κB)-driven interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-18 secretion causing cytokine storms. The translation of the knowledge on how the resulting systemic inflammation can lead to life-threatening complications into novel treatments and vaccine technologies is underway. Nevertheless, previously existing knowledge on the role of cytoplasmatic or circulating self-DNA as a pro-inflammatory damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) was largely ignored. Pathologies reported 'de novo' for patients infected with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 to be outcomes of self-DNA-driven inflammation in fact had been linked earlier to self-DNA in different contexts, e.g., the infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-1, sterile inflammation, and autoimmune diseases. I highlight particularly how synergies with other DAMPs can render immunogenic properties to normally non-immunogenic extracellular self-DNA, and I discuss the shared features of the gp41 unit of the HIV-1 envelope protein and the SARS-CoV 2 Spike protein that enable HIV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 to interact with cell or nuclear membranes, trigger syncytia formation, inflict damage to their host's DNA, and trigger inflammation - likely for their own benefit. These similarities motivate speculations that similar mechanisms to those driven by gp41 can explain how inflammatory self-DNA contributes to some of most frequent adverse events after vaccination with the BNT162b2 mRNA (Pfizer/BioNTech) or the mRNA-1273 (Moderna) vaccine, i.e., myocarditis, herpes zoster, rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune nephritis or hepatitis, new-onset systemic lupus erythematosus, and flare-ups of psoriasis or lupus. The hope is to motivate a wider application of the lessons learned from the experiences with COVID-19 and the new mRNA vaccines to combat future non-COVID-19 diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Heil
- Departamento de Ingeniería Genética, Laboratorio de Ecología de Plantas, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV)-Unidad Irapuato, Irapuato, Mexico
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Wang CPJ, Ko GR, Lee YY, Park J, Park W, Park TE, Jin Y, Kim SN, Lee JS, Park CG. Polymeric DNase-I nanozymes targeting neutrophil extracellular traps for the treatment of bowel inflammation. NANO CONVERGENCE 2024; 11:6. [PMID: 38332364 PMCID: PMC10853102 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-024-00414-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, is a family of chronic disorders along the gastrointestinal tract. Because of its idiopathic nature, IBD does not have a fundamental cure; current available therapies for IBD are limited to prolonged doses of immunomodulatory agents. While these treatments may reduce inflammation, limited therapeutic efficacy, inconsistency across patients, and adverse side effects from aggressive medications remain as major drawbacks. Recently, excessive production and accumulation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) also known as NETosis have been identified to exacerbate inflammatory responses and induce further tissue damage in IBD. Such discovery invited many researchers to investigate NETs as a potential therapeutic target. DNase-I is a natural agent that can effectively destroy NETs and, therefore, potentially reduce NETs-induced inflammations even without the use of aggressive drugs. However, low stability and rapid clearance of DNase-I remain as major limitations for further therapeutic applications. In this research, polymeric nanozymes were fabricated to increase the delivery and therapeutic efficacy of DNase-I. DNase-I was immobilized on the surface of polymeric nanoparticles to maintain its enzymatic properties while extending its activity in the colon. Delivery of DNase-I using this platform allowed enhanced stability and prolonged activity of DNase-I with minimal toxicity. When administered to animal models of IBD, DNase-I nanozymes successfully alleviated various pathophysiological symptoms of IBD. More importantly, DNase-I nanozyme administration successfully attenuated neutrophil infiltration and NETosis in the colon compared to free DNase-I or mesalamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Pin James Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, SKKU Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, SKKU Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga Ryang Ko
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, SKKU Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Young Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Juwon Park
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology, and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Wooram Park
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Eun Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonhee Jin
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Na Kim
- Research and Development Center, MediArk Inc., Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Industrial Cosmetic Science, College of Bio-Health University System, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jung Seung Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, SKKU Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, SKKU Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chun Gwon Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, SKKU Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, SKKU Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, Republic of Korea.
- Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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Zhou X, Jin J, Lv T, Song Y. A Narrative Review: The Role of NETs in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome/Acute Lung Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1464. [PMID: 38338744 PMCID: PMC10855305 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) still has a high mortality rate, and the alleviation and treatment of ARDS remains a major research focus. There are various causes of ARDS, among which pneumonia and non-pulmonary sepsis are the most common. Trauma and blood transfusion can also cause ARDS. In ARDS, the aggregation and infiltration of neutrophils in the lungs have a great influence on the development of the disease. Neutrophils regulate inflammatory responses through various pathways, and the release of neutrophils through neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) is considered to be one of the most important mechanisms. NETs are mainly composed of DNA, histones, and granuloproteins, all of which can mediate downstream signaling pathways that can activate inflammatory responses, generate immune clots, and cause damage to surrounding tissues. At the same time, the components of NETs can also promote the formation and release of NETs, thus forming a vicious cycle that continuously aggravates the progression of the disease. NETs are also associated with cytokine storms and immune balance. Since DNA is the main component of NETs, DNase I is considered a viable drug for removing NETs. Other therapeutic methods to inhibit the formation of NETs are also worthy of further exploration. This review discusses the formation and mechanism of NETs in ARDS. Understanding the association between NETs and ARDS may help to develop new perspectives on the treatment of ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tangfeng Lv
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; (X.Z.); (J.J.)
| | - Yong Song
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; (X.Z.); (J.J.)
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Lin W, Chen H, Chen X, Guo C. The Roles of Neutrophil-Derived Myeloperoxidase (MPO) in Diseases: The New Progress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:132. [PMID: 38275657 PMCID: PMC10812636 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a heme-containing peroxidase, mainly expressed in neutrophils and, to a lesser extent, in monocytes. MPO is known to have a broad bactericidal ability via catalyzing the reaction of Cl- with H2O2 to produce a strong oxidant, hypochlorous acid (HOCl). However, the overproduction of MPO-derived oxidants has drawn attention to its detrimental role, especially in diseases characterized by acute or chronic inflammation. Broadly speaking, MPO and its derived oxidants are involved in the pathological processes of diseases mainly through the oxidation of biomolecules, which promotes inflammation and oxidative stress. Meanwhile, some researchers found that MPO deficiency or using MPO inhibitors could attenuate inflammation and tissue injuries. Taken together, MPO might be a promising target for both prognostic and therapeutic interventions. Therefore, understanding the role of MPO in the progress of various diseases is of great value. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the diverse roles of MPO in the progression of several diseases, including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), neurodegenerative diseases, cancers, renal diseases, and lung diseases (including COVID-19). This information serves as a valuable reference for subsequent mechanistic research and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lin
- Clinical Pharmacology Research Center, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China;
| | - Huili Chen
- Center of System Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
| | - Xijing Chen
- Clinical Pharmacology Research Center, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China;
| | - Chaorui Guo
- Clinical Pharmacology Research Center, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China;
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Rong N, Wei X, Liu J. The Role of Neutrophil in COVID-19: Positive or Negative. J Innate Immun 2024; 16:80-95. [PMID: 38224674 PMCID: PMC10861219 DOI: 10.1159/000535541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neutrophils are the first line of defense against pathogens. They are divided into multiple subpopulations during development and kill pathogens through various mechanisms. Neutrophils are considered one of the markers of severe COVID-19. SUMMARY In-depth research has revealed that neutrophil subpopulations have multiple complex functions. Different subsets of neutrophils play an important role in the progression of COVID-19. KEY MESSAGES In this review, we provide a detailed overview of the developmental processes of neutrophils at different stages and their recruitment and activation after SARS-CoV-2 infection, aiming to elucidate the changes in neutrophil subpopulations, characteristics, and functions after infection and provide a reference for mechanistic research on neutrophil subpopulations in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection. In addition, we have also summarized research progress on potential targeted drugs for neutrophil immunotherapy, hoping to provide information that aids the development of therapeutic drugs for the clinical treatment of critically ill COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Rong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China,
| | - Xiaohui Wei
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangning Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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10
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Du Y, Chen Y, Li F, Mao Z, Ding Y, Wang W. Genetically Engineered Cellular Nanovesicle as Targeted DNase I Delivery System for the Clearance of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Acute Lung Injury. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2303053. [PMID: 37759381 PMCID: PMC10646266 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are prevalent critical illnesses with a high mortality rate among patients in intensive care units. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are implicated in the pathogenesis of ALI/ARDS and represent a promising therapeutic target. However, the clinical application of deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I), the only drug currently available to clear NETs, is limited due to the lack of precise and efficient delivery strategies. Therefore, targeted delivery of DNase I to the inflamed lung remains a critical issue to be addressed. Herein, a novel biomimetic DNase I delivery system is developed (DCNV) that employs genetically and bioorthogonally engineered cellular nanovesicles for pulmonary NETs clearance. The CXC motif chemokine receptor 2 overexpressed cellular nanovesicles can mimic the inflammatory chemotaxis of neutrophils in ALI/ARDS, leading to enhanced lung accumulation. Furthermore, DNase I immobilized through bioorthogonal chemistry exhibits remarkable enzymatic activity in NETs degradation, thus restraining inflammation and safeguarding lung tissue in the lipopolysaccharide-induced ALI murine model. Collectively, the findings present a groundbreaking proof-of-concept in the utilization of biomimetic cellular nanovesicles to deliver DNase I for treating ALI/ARDS. This innovative strategy may usher in a new era in the development of pharmacological interventions for various inflammation-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Du
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Research Center of Diagnosis and Treatment Technology for Hepatocellular Carcinoma of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- National Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Cancer Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- ZJU-Pujian Research & Development Center of Medical Artificial Intelligence for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Yining Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Research Center of Diagnosis and Treatment Technology for Hepatocellular Carcinoma of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- National Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Cancer Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- ZJU-Pujian Research & Development Center of Medical Artificial Intelligence for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Fangyuan Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Zhengwei Mao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Yuan Ding
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Research Center of Diagnosis and Treatment Technology for Hepatocellular Carcinoma of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- National Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Cancer Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- ZJU-Pujian Research & Development Center of Medical Artificial Intelligence for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Weilin Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Research Center of Diagnosis and Treatment Technology for Hepatocellular Carcinoma of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- National Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Cancer Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- ZJU-Pujian Research & Development Center of Medical Artificial Intelligence for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
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11
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Lin P, Gao R, Fang Z, Yang W, Tang Z, Wang Q, Wu Y, Fang J, Yu W. Precise nanodrug delivery systems with cell-specific targeting for ALI/ARDS treatment. Int J Pharm 2023; 644:123321. [PMID: 37591476 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are common acute and critical diseases in clinics and have no effective treatment to date. With the concept of "precision medicine", research into the precise drug delivery of therapeutic and diagnostic drugs has become a frontier in nanomedicine research and has entered the era of design of precise nanodrug delivery systems (NDDSs) with cell-specific targeting. Owing to the distinctive characteristics of ALI/ARDS, designing NDDSs for specific focal sites is an important strategy for changing drug distribution in the body and specifically increasing drug concentration at target sites while decreasing drug concentration at non-target sites. This strategy enhances drug efficacy, reduces adverse reactions, and ensures accurate nano-targeted treatment. On the basis of the characteristics of pathological ALI/ARDS microenvironments, this paper reviews NDDSs targeting vascular endothelial cells, neutrophils, alveolar macrophages, and alveolar epithelial cells to provide reference for designing accurate NDDSs for ALI/ARDS and novel insights into targeted treatments for ALI/ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peihong Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Rui Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Zhengyu Fang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Wenjing Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Zhan Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Qiao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Yueguo Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Jie Fang
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Experimental Animal's & Nonclinical Laboratory Studies, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China.
| | - Wenying Yu
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310013, China.
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12
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Huang W, Wen L, Tian H, Jiang J, Liu M, Ye Y, Gao J, Zhang R, Wang F, Li H, Shen L, Peng F, Tu Y. Self-Propelled Proteomotors with Active Cell-Free mtDNA Clearance for Enhanced Therapy of Sepsis-Associated Acute Lung Injury. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2301635. [PMID: 37518854 PMCID: PMC10520684 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202301635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a frequent and serious complication of sepsis with limited therapeutic options. Gaining insights into the inflammatory dysregulation that causes sepsis-associated ALI can help develop new therapeutic strategies. Herein, the crucial role of cell-free mitochondrial DNA (cf-mtDNA) in the regulation of alveolar macrophage activation during sepsis-associated ALI is identified. Most importantly, a biocompatible hybrid protein nanomotor (NM) composed of recombinant deoxyribonuclease I (DNase-I) and human serum albumin (HSA) via glutaraldehyde-mediated crosslinking is prepared to obtain an inhalable nanotherapeutic platform targeting pulmonary cf-mtDNA clearance. The synthesized DNase-I/HSA NMs are endowed with self-propulsive capability and demonstrate superior performances in stability, DNA hydrolysis, and biosafety. Pulmonary delivery of DNase-I/HSA NMs effectively eliminates cf-mtDNAs in the lungs, and also improves sepsis survival by attenuating pulmonary inflammation and lung injury. Therefore, pulmonary cf-mtDNA clearance strategy using DNase-I/HSA NMs is considered to be an attractive approach for sepsis-associated ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weichang Huang
- Department of Critical Care MedicineDongguan Institute of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineAffiliated Dongguan HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityDongguan523059China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug ScreeningSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510515China
| | - Lihong Wen
- Department of Plastic SurgerySun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510120China
| | - Hao Tian
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug ScreeningSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510515China
| | - Jiamiao Jiang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug ScreeningSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510515China
| | - Meihuan Liu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug ScreeningSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510515China
| | - Yicheng Ye
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug ScreeningSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510515China
| | - Junbin Gao
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug ScreeningSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510515China
| | - Ruotian Zhang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug ScreeningSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510515China
| | - Fei Wang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug ScreeningSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510515China
| | - Huaan Li
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug ScreeningSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510515China
| | - Lihan Shen
- Department of Critical Care MedicineDongguan Institute of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineAffiliated Dongguan HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityDongguan523059China
| | - Fei Peng
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510275China
| | - Yingfeng Tu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug ScreeningSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510515China
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13
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Park JH, Wang CPJ, Lee HJ, Hong KS, Ahn JH, Cho YW, Lee JH, Seo HS, Park W, Kim SN, Park CG, Lee W, Kim TH. Uniform Gold Nanostructure Formation via Weakly Adsorbed Gold Films and Thermal Annealing for Reliable Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance-Based Detection of DNase-I. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2302023. [PMID: 37246275 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Deoxyribonuclease-I (DNase-I), a representative endonuclease, is an important biomarker for the diagnosis of infectious diseases and cancer progression. However, enzymatic activity decreases rapidly ex vivo, which highlights the need for precise on-site detection of DNase-I. Here, a localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) biosensor that enables the simple and rapid detection of DNase-I is reported. Moreover, a novel technique named electrochemical deposition and mild thermal annealing (EDMIT) is applied to overcome signal variations. By taking advantage of the low adhesion of gold clusters on indium tin oxide substrates, both the uniformity and sphericity of gold nanoparticles are increased under mild thermal annealing conditions via coalescence and Ostwald ripening. This ultimately results in an approximately 15-fold decrease in LSPR signal variations. The linear range of the fabricated sensor is 20-1000 ng mL-1 with a limit of detection (LOD) of 127.25 pg mL-1 , as demonstrated by spectral absorbance analyses. The fabricated LSPR sensor stably measured DNase-I concentrations from samples collected from both an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) mouse model, as well as human patients with severe COVID-19 symptoms. Therefore, the proposed LSPR sensor fabricated via the EDMIT method can be used for early diagnosis of other infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon-Ha Park
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 06974, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi-Pin James Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, SKKU Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), 16419, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, SKKU Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), 16419, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, 16419, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Soo Hong
- Division of Pulmonology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Regional Center for Respiratory Diseases, Yeungnam University Medical Center, 42415, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hong Ahn
- Division of Pulmonology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Regional Center for Respiratory Diseases, Yeungnam University Medical Center, 42415, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Woo Cho
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 06974, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hyeon Lee
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 06974, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Seung Seo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, SKKU Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), 16419, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, SKKU Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), 16419, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooram Park
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoburo 2066, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Na Kim
- Research and Development Center, MediArk Inc., Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea
- Department of Industrial Cosmetic Science, College of Bio-Health University System, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun Gwon Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, SKKU Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), 16419, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, SKKU Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), 16419, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonhwa Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, 16419, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hyung Kim
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 06974, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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14
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Liu C, Xi L, Liu Y, Mak JCW, Mao S, Wang Z, Zheng Y. An Inhalable Hybrid Biomimetic Nanoplatform for Sequential Drug Release and Remodeling Lung Immune Homeostasis in Acute Lung Injury Treatment. ACS NANO 2023. [PMID: 37285229 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c02075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Interactions of lung macrophages and recruited neutrophils with the lung microenvironment continuously aggravate the dysregulation of lung inflammation in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury (ALI) or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Either modulating macrophages or destroying neutrophil counts cannot guarantee a satisfactory outcome in ARDS treatment. Aimed at inhibiting the coordinated action of neutrophils and macrophages and modulating the hyper-inflammatory condition, an inhalable biomimetic sequential drug-releasing nanoplatform was developed for the combinatorial treatment of ALI. The nanoplatform (termed D-SEL) was made by conjugating DNase I, as outer cleavable arms, to a serum exosomal and liposomal hybrid nanocarrier (termed SEL) via a matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9)-cleavable peptide and then encapsulating methylprednisolone sodium succinate (MPS). In lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced ALI in mice, the MPS/D-SEL moved through muco-obstructive airways and was retained in the alveoli for over 24 h postinhalation. DNase I was then released from the nanocarrier first after responding to MMP-9, resulting in inner SEL core exposure, which precisely delivered MPS into macrophages for promoting M2 macrophage polarization. Local and sustained DNase I release degraded dysregulated neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and suppressed neutrophil activation and the mucus plugging microenvironment, which in turn amplified M2 macrophage polarization efficiency. Such dual-stage drug release behavior facilitated down-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the lung but anti-inflammatory cytokine production through remodeling lung immune homeostasis, ultimately promoting lung tissue repair. This work presents a versatile hybrid biomimetic nanoplatform for the local pulmonary delivery of dual-drug therapeutics and displays potential in the treatment of acute inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Long Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Yihan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Judith Choi Wo Mak
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Shirui Mao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhenping Wang
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California 92093, USA
| | - Ying Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
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15
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Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Airway Diseases: Pathological Roles and Therapeutic Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24055034. [PMID: 36902466 PMCID: PMC10003347 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24055034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are important effector cells of the innate immune response that fight pathogens by phagocytosis and degranulation. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are released into the extracellular space to defend against invading pathogens. Although NETs play a defensive role against pathogens, excessive NETs can contribute to the pathogenesis of airway diseases. NETs are known to be directly cytotoxic to the lung epithelium and endothelium, highly involved in acute lung injury, and implicated in disease severity and exacerbation. This review describes the role of NET formation in airway diseases, including chronic rhinosinusitis, and suggests that targeting NETs could be a therapeutic strategy for airway diseases.
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16
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Molecular Mechanisms of Neutrophil Extracellular Trap (NETs) Degradation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054896. [PMID: 36902325 PMCID: PMC10002918 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although many studies have been exploring the mechanisms driving NETs formation, much less attention has been paid to the degradation and elimination of these structures. The NETs clearance and the effective removal of extracellular DNA, enzymatic proteins (neutrophil elastase, proteinase 3, myeloperoxidase) or histones are necessary to maintain tissue homeostasis, to prevent inflammation and to avoid the presentation of self-antigens. The persistence and overabundance of DNA fibers in the circulation and tissues may have dramatic consequences for a host leading to the development of various systemic and local damage. NETs are cleaved by a concerted action of extracellular and secreted deoxyribonucleases (DNases) followed by intracellular degradation by macrophages. NETs accumulation depends on the ability of DNase I and DNAse II to hydrolyze DNA. Furthermore, the macrophages actively engulf NETs and this event is facilitated by the preprocessing of NETs by DNase I. The purpose of this review is to present and discuss the current knowledge about the mechanisms of NETs degradation and its role in the pathogenesis of thrombosis, autoimmune diseases, cancer and severe infections, as well as to discuss the possibilities for potential therapeutic interventions. Several anti-NETs approaches had therapeutic effects in animal models of cancer and autoimmune diseases; nevertheless, the development of new drugs for patients needs further study for an effective development of clinical compounds that are able to target NETs.
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17
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Zhang R, Sun C, Han Y, Huang L, Sheng H, Wang J, Zhang Y, Lai J, Yuan J, Chen X, Jiang C, Wu F, Wang J, Fan X, Wang J. Neutrophil autophagy and NETosis in COVID-19: perspectives. Autophagy 2023; 19:758-767. [PMID: 35951555 PMCID: PMC9980466 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2099206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused substantial losses worldwide in people's lives, health, and property. Currently, COVID-19 is still prominent worldwide without any specific drug treatment. The SARS-CoV-2 pathogen is the cause of various systemic diseases, mainly acute pneumonia. Within the pathological process, neutrophils are recruited to infected sites, especially in the lungs, for the first stage of removing invading SARS-CoV-2 through a range of mechanisms. Macroautophagy/autophagy, a conserved autodegradation process in neutrophils, plays a crucial role in the neutrophil phagocytosis of pathogens. NETosis refers to neutrophil cell death, while auto-inflammatory factors and antigens release NETs. This review summarizes the latest research progress and provides an in-depth explanation of the underlying mechanisms of autophagy and NETosis in COVID-19. Furthermore, after exploring the relationship between autophagy and NETosis, we discuss potential targets and treatment options. This review keeps up with the latest research on COVID-19 from neutrophil autophagy and NETosis with a new perspective, which can guide the urgent development of antiviral drugs and provide guidance for the clinical treatment of COVID-19.Abbreviations: AKT1: AKT serine/threonine kinase 1; AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; AP: autophagosome; ARDS: acute respiratory distress syndrome; ATG: autophagy related; BECN1: beclin 1; cfDNA: cell-free DNA; COVID-19: coronavirus disease 2019; CQ: chloroquine; DMVs: double-membrane vesicles; ELANE/NE: elastase, neutrophil expressed; F3: coagulation factor III, tissue factor; HCQ: hydroxychloroquine; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain of 3; MPO: myeloperoxidase; MTORC1: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase complex 1; NETs: neutrophil traps; NSP: nonstructural protein; PI3K: class I phosphoinositide 3-kinase; PtdIns3K: class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; PtdIns3P: phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate; ROS: reactive oxygen species; SARS-CoV-2: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; SKP2: S-phase kinase associated protein 2; TCC: terminal complement complex; ULK1: unc-51 like.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyu Zhang
- Department of Pain Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Chen Sun
- Department of Pain Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Yunze Han
- Department of Pain Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Leo Huang
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Honghui Sheng
- Department of Pain Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pain Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Yuqing Zhang
- Department of Pain Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Jonathan Lai
- Premed track majoring in Biology, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Jiahao Yuan
- Department of Pain Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Xuemei Chen
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Chao Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Fuyuan Wu
- Department of Pain Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Junmin Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Xiaochong Fan
- Department of Pain Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Pain Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
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18
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Filipczak N, Li X, Saawant GR, Yalamarty SSK, Luther E, Torchilin VP. Antibody-modified DNase I micelles specifically recognize the neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and promote their degradation. J Control Release 2023; 354:109-119. [PMID: 36596341 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.12.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are structures consisting of decondensed chromatin with associated proteins, including histones and antimicrobial peptides, released from activated neutrophils. They are believed to be one of the body's first lines of defense against infectious agents. Despite their beneficial effect on the immune response process, some studies indicate that their excessive formation and the associated accumulation of extracellular DNA (eDNA) together with other polyelectrolytes (F-actin) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Thus NETs formation and removal are clinically significant. The monoclonal antibody 2C5 has strong specificity for intact nucleohistones (NS) and targets NS in NETs as we previously confirmed. Creation of a nano preparation that can specifically recognize and destroy NETs represents the aim for treatment many diseases. 2C5 antibody functionalized micelles coated with DNase I were created to achieve this aim.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Filipczak
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xiang Li
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Gaurav Rajan Saawant
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Ed Luther
- Supervisor of Shared Research Facilities, School of Pharmacy and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, USA
| | - Vladimir P Torchilin
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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19
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Russell P, Esser L, Hagemeyer CE, Voelcker NH. The potential impact of nanomedicine on COVID-19-induced thrombosis. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 18:11-22. [PMID: 36536042 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-022-01270-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Extensive reports of pulmonary embolisms, ischaemic stroke and myocardial infarctions caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), as well as a significantly increased long-term risk of cardiovascular diseases in COVID-19 survivors, have highlighted severe deficiencies in our understanding of thromboinflammation and the need for new therapeutic options. Due to the complexity of the immunothrombosis pathophysiology, the efficacy of treatment with conventional anti-thrombotic medication is questioned. Thrombolytics do appear efficacious, but are hindered by severe bleeding risks, limiting their use. Nanomedicine can have profound impact in this context, protecting delicate (bio)pharmaceuticals from degradation en route and enabling delivery in a targeted and on demand manner. We provide an overview of the most promising nanocarrier systems and design strategies that may be adapted to develop nanomedicine for COVID-19-induced thromboinflammation, including dual-therapeutic approaches with antiviral and immunosuppressants. Resultant targeted and side-effect-free treatment may aid greatly in the fight against the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peije Russell
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Manufacturing, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lars Esser
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Manufacturing, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christoph E Hagemeyer
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Nicolas H Voelcker
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of Australian National Fabrication Facility, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
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20
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Wang Y, Zhu CL, Li P, Liu Q, Li HR, Yu CM, Deng XM, Wang JF. The role of G protein-coupled receptor in neutrophil dysfunction during sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1112196. [PMID: 36891309 PMCID: PMC9986442 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1112196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is defined as a life-threatening dysfunction due to a dysregulated host response to infection. It is a common and complex syndrome and is the leading cause of death in intensive care units. The lungs are most vulnerable to the challenge of sepsis, and the incidence of respiratory dysfunction has been reported to be up to 70%, in which neutrophils play a major role. Neutrophils are the first line of defense against infection, and they are regarded as the most responsive cells in sepsis. Normally, neutrophils recognize chemokines including the bacterial product N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP), complement 5a (C5a), and lipid molecules Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8), and enter the site of infection through mobilization, rolling, adhesion, migration, and chemotaxis. However, numerous studies have confirmed that despite the high levels of chemokines in septic patients and mice at the site of infection, the neutrophils cannot migrate to the proper target location, but instead they accumulate in the lungs, releasing histones, DNA, and proteases that mediate tissue damage and induce acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This is closely related to impaired neutrophil migration in sepsis, but the mechanism involved is still unclear. Many studies have shown that chemokine receptor dysregulation is an important cause of impaired neutrophil migration, and the vast majority of these chemokine receptors belong to the G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). In this review, we summarize the signaling pathways by which neutrophil GPCR regulates chemotaxis and the mechanisms by which abnormal GPCR function in sepsis leads to impaired neutrophil chemotaxis, which can further cause ARDS. Several potential targets for intervention are proposed to improve neutrophil chemotaxis, and we hope that this review may provide insights for clinical practitioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng-Long Zhu
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Li
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui-Ru Li
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Faculty of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Chang-Meng Yu
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Deng
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Faculty of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Jia-Feng Wang
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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21
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Targeting neutrophils extracellular traps (NETs) reduces multiple organ injury in a COVID-19 mouse model. Respir Res 2023; 24:66. [PMID: 36864506 PMCID: PMC9978286 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02336-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 is characterized by severe acute lung injury, which is associated with neutrophil infiltration and the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). COVID-19 treatment options are scarce. Previous work has shown an increase in NETs release in the lung and plasma of COVID-19 patients suggesting that drugs that prevent NETs formation or release could be potential therapeutic approaches for COVID-19 treatment. METHODS Here, we report the efficacy of NET-degrading DNase I treatment in a murine model of COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2-infected K18-hACE2 mice were performed for clinical sickness scores and lung pathology. Moreover, the levels of NETs were assessed and lung injuries were by histopathology and TUNEL assay. Finally, the injury in the heart and kidney was assessed by histopathology and biochemical-specific markers. RESULTS DNase I decreased detectable levels of NETs, improved clinical disease, and reduced lung, heart, and kidney injuries in SARS-CoV-2-infected K18-hACE2 mice. Furthermore, our findings indicate a potentially deleterious role for NETs lung tissue in vivo and lung epithelial (A549) cells in vitro, which might explain part of the pathophysiology of severe COVID-19. This deleterious effect was diminished by the treatment with DNase I. CONCLUSIONS Together, our results support the role of NETs in COVID-19 immunopathology and highlight NETs disruption pharmacological approaches as a potential strategy to ameliorate COVID-19 clinical outcomes.
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22
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Li D, Shao J, Cao B, Zhao R, Li H, Gao W, Chen P, Jin L, Cao L, Ji S, Dong G. The Significance of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Colorectal Cancer and Beyond: From Bench to Bedside. Front Oncol 2022; 12:848594. [PMID: 35747797 PMCID: PMC9209713 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.848594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), products of neutrophil death when exposed to certain stimuli, were first proposed as a type of response to bacterial infection in infectious diseases. Since then, extensive studies have discovered its involvement in other non-infectious inflammatory diseases including thromboembolism, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies in the world. NET formation is closely associated with tumorigenesis, progression, and metastasis in CRC. Therefore, the application of NETs in clinical practice as diagnostic biomarkers, therapeutic targets, and prognostic predictors has a promising prospect. In addition, therapeutics targeting NETs are significantly efficient in halting tumor progression in preclinical cancer models, which further indicates its potential clinical utility in cancer treatment. This review focuses on the stimuli of NETosis, its pro-tumorigenic activity, and prospective clinical utility primarily in but not limited to CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingchang Li
- Department of General Surgery, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | | | - Bo Cao
- Department of General Surgery, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiyang Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Hanghang Li
- Department of General Surgery, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Wenxing Gao
- Department of General Surgery, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of General Surgery, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Lujia Jin
- Department of General Surgery, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Li Cao
- Department of General Surgery, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shuaifei Ji
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Shuaifei Ji, ; Guanglong Dong,
| | - Guanglong Dong
- Department of General Surgery, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Shuaifei Ji, ; Guanglong Dong,
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23
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Penaloza Arias LC, Huynh DN, Babity S, Marleau S, Brambilla D. Optimization of a Liposomal DNase I Formulation with an Extended Circulating Half-Life. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:1906-1916. [PMID: 35543327 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Drug delivery systems such as liposomes are widely used to stabilize and increase the plasma half-life of therapeutics. In this article, we have investigated two strategies to increase the half-life of deoxyribonuclease I, an FDA-approved enzyme used for the treatment of cystic fibrosis, and a potential candidate for the reduction of uncontrolled inflammation induced by neutrophil extracellular traps. We demonstrate that our optimized preparation procedure resulted in nanoparticles with improved plasma half-life and total exposure relative to native protein, while maintaining enzymatic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David N Huynh
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, 2940 Chemin de Polytechnique, Montréal, Québec Canada H3T 1J4
| | - Samuel Babity
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, 2940 Chemin de Polytechnique, Montréal, Québec Canada H3T 1J4
| | - Sylvie Marleau
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, 2940 Chemin de Polytechnique, Montréal, Québec Canada H3T 1J4
| | - Davide Brambilla
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, 2940 Chemin de Polytechnique, Montréal, Québec Canada H3T 1J4
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24
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Zhu Y, Chen X, Liu X. NETosis and Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in COVID-19: Immunothrombosis and Beyond. Front Immunol 2022; 13:838011. [PMID: 35309344 PMCID: PMC8924116 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.838011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection with SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, causes respiratory problems and multifaceted organ dysfunction. A crucial mechanism of COVID-19 immunopathy is the recruitment and activation of neutrophils at the infection site, which also predicts disease severity and poor outcomes. The release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), occurring during a regulated form of neutrophil cell death known as NETosis, is a key effector function that mediates harmful effects caused by neutrophils. Abundant NETosis and NET generation have been observed in the neutrophils of many COVID-19 patients, leading to unfavorable coagulopathy and immunothrombosis. Moreover, excessive NETosis and NET generation are now more widely recognized as mediators of additional pathophysiological abnormalities following SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this minireview, we introduce subtypes of NET-producing neutrophils (e.g., low-density granulocytes) and explain the biological importance of NETs and the protein cargos of NETs in COVID-19. In addition, we discuss the mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 causes NETosis by upregulating viral processes (e.g., viral entry and replication) as well as host pro-NET mechanisms (e.g., proinflammatory mediator release, platelet activation, and autoantibody production). Furthermore, we provide an update of the main findings of NETosis and NETs in immunothrombosis and other COVID-19-related disorders, such as aberrant immunity, neurological disorders, and post COVID-19 syndromes including lung fibrosis, neurological disorder, tumor progression, and deteriorated chronic illness. Finally, we address potential prospective COVID-19 treatment strategies that target dysregulated NETosis and NET formation via inhibition of NETosis and promotion of NET degradation, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfeng Zhu
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoli Chen
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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25
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Stojkov D, Gigon L, Peng S, Lukowski R, Ruth P, Karaulov A, Rizvanov A, Barlev NA, Yousefi S, Simon HU. Physiological and Pathophysiological Roles of Metabolic Pathways for NET Formation and Other Neutrophil Functions. Front Immunol 2022; 13:826515. [PMID: 35251008 PMCID: PMC8889909 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.826515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are the most numerous cells in the leukocyte population and essential for innate immunity. To limit their effector functions, neutrophils are able to modulate glycolysis and other cellular metabolic pathways. These metabolic pathways are essential not only for energy usage, but also for specialized effector actions, such as the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), chemotaxis, phagocytosis, degranulation, and the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). It has been demonstrated that activated viable neutrophils can produce NETs, which consists of a DNA scaffold able to bind granule proteins and microorganisms. The formation of NETs requires the availability of increased amounts of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as it is an active cellular and therefore energy-dependent process. In this article, we discuss the glycolytic and other metabolic routes in association with neutrophil functions focusing on their role for building up NETs in the extracellular space. A better understanding of the requirements of metabolic pathways for neutrophil functions may lead to the discovery of molecular targets suitable to develop novel anti-infectious and/or anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darko Stojkov
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lea Gigon
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Shuang Peng
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Robert Lukowski
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter Ruth
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alexander Karaulov
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Albert Rizvanov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Nickolai A Barlev
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Regulation of Cell Signaling Laboratory, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Shida Yousefi
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Hans-Uwe Simon
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia.,Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia.,Institute of Biochemistry, Brandenburg Medical School, Neuruppin, Germany
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26
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Chen J, Hou S, Liang Q, He W, Li R, Wang H, Zhu Y, Zhang B, Chen L, Dai X, Zhang T, Ren J, Duan H. Localized Degradation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps by Photoregulated Enzyme Delivery for Cancer Immunotherapy and Metastasis Suppression. ACS NANO 2022; 16:2585-2597. [PMID: 35080858 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c09318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Extrusion of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), a fundamental host innate immune defense against pathogens, has recently been linked to cancer resistance to immunotherapy and distant metastasis. These findings highlight interesting areas of cancer-elicited inflammation and potential therapeutic strategies. Disrupting existing NETs with DNase I has been proved to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of tumor immunotherapy and attenuate metastatic spread. However, systemic biodistribution of DNase I raises safety issues, potentially impairing host defense against infection. Hence, tumor-specific delivery and metastatic niche-targeted effects are attractive options for localized degradation of NETs. We have engineered a nanoplatform with a plasmonic gold blackbody (AuPB) core with broad-spectrum photo activity and a mesoporous polydopamine (mPDA) shell for efficient loading and photoregulated release of DNase I. The on-demand released DNase I triggered by the second near-infrared (NIR-II) light irradiation breaks the "NET-mediated physical barrier", thereby increasing the contact of immune cytotoxic cells with tumor cells in living mice and sensitizing immune checkpoint therapy of primary colorectal cancer (CRC). Moreover, the deposition and light-controlled cargo release from systemically delivered AuPB@mPDA carriers in liver, the most frequent site of CRC metastasis, abolished NET-mediated capture of circulating tumor cells and hence metastatic seeding. Our findings indicate that the localized, light-regulated release of DNase I by photoactive carriers in the NIR-II window represent a translational route for immune-mediated tumor regression and metastasis inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayuan Chen
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Shuai Hou
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637457
| | - Qing Liang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Wenshan He
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Ruiqi Li
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Haihong Wang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Biying Zhang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Lingjuan Chen
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xiaofang Dai
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jinghua Ren
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Hongwei Duan
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637457
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921
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27
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Tang L, He S, Yin Y, Li J, Xiao Q, Wang R, Gao L, Wang W. Combining nanotechnology with the multifunctional roles of neutrophils against cancer and inflammatory disease. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:1621-1645. [PMID: 35079756 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr07725b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils, the most abundant leukocytes in humans, play a crucial role in acute inflammation during infection and tumorigenesis. Neutrophils are the major types of cells recruited to the inflammation sites induced by pathogens, exhibiting great homing ability towards inflammatory disorders and tumor sites. Therefore, a neutrophil-based drug delivery system (NDDS) has become a promising platform for anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory treatment. Recent decades have witnessed the huge progress of applying nanomaterials in drug delivery. Nanomaterials are regarded as innovative components to enrich the field of neutrophil-based therapies due to their unique physiochemical characteristics. In this review, the latest advancement of combining diverse nanomaterials with an NDDS for cancer and inflammatory disease treatment will be summarized. It is discussed how nanomaterials empower the therapeutic area of an NDDS and how an NDDS circumvents the limitations of nanomaterials. Moreover, based on the finding that neutrophils are closely involved in the progression of cancer and inflammatory diseases, emerging therapeutic strategies that target neutrophils will be outlined. Finally, as neutrophils were demonstrated to play a central role in the immunopathology of COVID-19, which causes necroinflammation that is responsible for the cytokine storm and sepsis during coronavirus infections, novel therapeutic approaches that anchor neutrophils against the pathological consequences related to COVID-19 will be highlighted as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
| | - Shun He
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
| | - Yue Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
| | - Qiaqia Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
| | - Ruotong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
| | - Lijun Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
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28
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Debnath SK, Srivastava R. Potential Application of Bionanoparticles to Treat Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 Infection. FRONTIERS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2021.813847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a contagious virus that spreads exponentially across the world, resulting in serious viral pneumonia. Several companies and researchers have put their tremendous effort into developing novel vaccines or drugs for the complete eradication of COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2. Bionanotechnology plays a vital role in designing functionalized biocompatible nanoparticulate systems with higher antiviral capabilities. Thus, several nanocarriers have been explored in designing and delivering drugs and vaccines. This problem can be overcome with the intervention of biomaterials or bionanoparticles. The present review describes the comparative analysis of SARS infection and its associated etiological agents. This review also highlighted some nanoparticles that have been explored in the treatment of COVID-19. However, these carriers elicit several problems once they come in contact with biological systems. Often, the body’s immune system treats these nanocarriers as foreign particles and antigens. In contrast, some bionanoparticles are highlighted here with their potential application in SARS-CoV-2. However, bionanoparticles have demonstrated some drawbacks discussed here with the possible outcomes. The scope of bioinspired nanoparticles is also discussed in detail to explore the new era of research. It is highly essential for the effective delivery of these nanoparticles to the target site. For effective management of SARS-CoV-2, different delivery patterns are also discussed here.
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29
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Blanch-Ruiz MA, Ortega-Luna R, Gómez-García G, Martínez-Cuesta MÁ, Álvarez Á. Role of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in COVID-19 Progression: An Insight for Effective Treatment. Biomedicines 2021; 10:biomedicines10010031. [PMID: 35052711 PMCID: PMC8772933 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, has resulted in a pandemic with over 270 million confirmed cases and 5.3 million deaths worldwide. In some cases, the infection leads to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which is triggered by a cytokine storm and multiple organ failure. Clinical hematological, biochemical, coagulation, and inflammatory markers, such as interleukins, are associated with COVID-19 disease progression. In this regard, neutrophilia, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and neutrophil-to-albumin ratio (NAR), have emerged as promising biomarkers of disease severity and progression. In the pathophysiology of ARDS, the inflammatory environment induces neutrophil influx and activation in the lungs, promoting the release of cytokines, proteases, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and, eventually, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs components, such as DNA, histones, myeloperoxidase, and elastase, may exert cytotoxic activity and alveolar damage. Thus, NETs have also been described as potential biomarkers of COVID-19 prognosis. Several studies have demonstrated that NETs are induced in COVID-19 patients, and that the highest levels of NETs are found in critical ones, therefore highlighting a correlation between NETs and severity of the disease. Knowledge of NETs signaling pathways, and the targeting of points of NETs release, could help to develop an effective treatment for COVID-19, and specifically for severe cases, which would help to manage the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Amparo Blanch-Ruiz
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universidad de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (M.A.B.-R.); (R.O.-L.); (G.G.-G.)
| | - Raquel Ortega-Luna
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universidad de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (M.A.B.-R.); (R.O.-L.); (G.G.-G.)
| | - Guillermo Gómez-García
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universidad de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (M.A.B.-R.); (R.O.-L.); (G.G.-G.)
| | - Maria Ángeles Martínez-Cuesta
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universidad de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (M.A.B.-R.); (R.O.-L.); (G.G.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.Á.M.-C.); (Á.Á.); Tel.: +34-96-398-3716 (M.Á.M.-C.); +34-96-386-4898 (Á.Á.)
| | - Ángeles Álvarez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universidad de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (M.A.B.-R.); (R.O.-L.); (G.G.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.Á.M.-C.); (Á.Á.); Tel.: +34-96-398-3716 (M.Á.M.-C.); +34-96-386-4898 (Á.Á.)
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Hosseinnejad A, Ludwig N, Wienkamp AK, Rimal R, Bleilevens C, Rossaint R, Rossaint J, Singh S. DNase I functional microgels for neutrophil extracellular trap disruption. Biomater Sci 2021; 10:85-99. [PMID: 34812809 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm01591e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are web-like chromatin structures produced and liberated by neutrophils under inflammatory conditions which also promote the activation of the coagulation cascade and thrombus formation. The formation of NETs is quite prominent when blood comes in contact with artificial surfaces like extracorporeal circuits, oxygenator membranes, or intravascular grafts. DNase I as a factor of the host defense system, digests the DNA backbone of NETs, which points out its treatment potential for NET-mediated thrombosis. However, the low serum stability of DNase I restricts its clinical/therapeutic applications. To improve the bioavailability of the enzyme, DNase I was conjugated to the microgels (DNase I MG) synthesized from highly hydrophilic N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide (HPMA) and zwitterionic carboxybetaine methacrylamide (CBMAA). The enzyme was successfully conjugated to the microgels without any alternation to its secondary structure. The Km value representing the enzymatic activity of the conjugated DNase I was calculated to be 0.063 μM demonstrating a high enzyme-substrate affinity. The DNase I MGs were protein repellant and were able to digest NETs more efficiently compared to free DNase in a biological media, remarkably even after long-term exposure to the stimulated neutrophils continuously releasing NETs. Overall, the conjugation of DNase I to a non-fouling microgel provides a novel biohybrid platform that can be exploited as non-thrombogenic active microgel-based coatings for blood-contacting surfaces to reduce the NET-mediated inflammation and microthrombi formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisa Hosseinnejad
- DWI-Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials e.V., Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Nadine Ludwig
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Bldg. A1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Ann-Katrin Wienkamp
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Bldg. A1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Rahul Rimal
- DWI-Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials e.V., Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Bleilevens
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Rolf Rossaint
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jan Rossaint
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Bldg. A1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Smriti Singh
- DWI-Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials e.V., Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52056 Aachen, Germany.,Max-Planck-Institut für medizinische Forschung, Jahnstraße 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Yang X, You J, Wei Y, Li H, Gao L, Guo Q, Huang Y, Gong C, Yi C. Emerging nanomaterials applied for tackling the COVID-19 cytokine storm. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:8185-8201. [PMID: 34528037 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01446c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
During the global outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a hyperinflammatory state called the cytokine storm was recognized as a major contributor to multiple organ failure and mortality. However, to date, the diagnosis and treatment of the cytokine storm remain major challenges for the clinical prognosis of COVID-19. In this review, we outline various nanomaterial-based strategies for preventing the COVID-19 cytokine storm. We highlight the contribution of nanomaterials to directly inhibit cytokine release. We then discuss how nanomaterials can be used to deliver anti-inflammatory drugs to calm the cytokine storm. Nanomaterials also play crucial roles in diagnostics. Nanomaterial-based biosensors with improved sensitivity and specificity can be used to detect cytokines. In summary, emerging nanomaterials offer platforms and tools for the detection and treatment of the COVID-19 cytokine storm and future pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Jia You
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuanfeng Wei
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Huawei Li
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Gao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Qing Guo
- Department of Oncology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Ying Huang
- West China School of Basic Medical Science and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Changyang Gong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Cheng Yi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Medina-Quero K, Barreto-Rodriguez O, Mendez-Rodriguez V, Sanchez-Moncivais A, Buendia-Roldan I, Chavez-Galan L. SARS-CoV-2 infection: Understanding the immune system abnormalities to get an adequate diagnosis. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2021; 21:503-514. [PMID: 33596401 PMCID: PMC8381208 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2020.5400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is the current pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, that emerged from China at the end of December 2019. The scientific community is making extraordinary efforts to understand the virus structure and the pathophysiology and immunological processes activated in the host, in order to identify biomarkers, diagnostic tools, treatments, and vaccines to decrease COVID-19 incidence and mortality. Various abnormalities have been noted during SARS-CoV-2 infection both in lymphoid and myeloid cells. Such abnormalities may disturb the immune system function and cause a massive inflammatory response that impairs tissue function. This review discusses the close relationship between the immune system abnormalities and the broad spectrum of clinical manifestations, including fibrosis, in the context of COVID-19 disease. Moreover, we described the current strategies for COVID-19 diagnosis, and we provide a summary of the most useful clinical laboratory parameters to identify severe COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Medina-Quero
- Laboratory of Immunology, Escuela Militar de Graduados de Sanidad, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Omar Barreto-Rodriguez
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosio Villegas”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Ivette Buendia-Roldan
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosio Villegas”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Leslie Chavez-Galan
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosio Villegas”, Mexico City, Mexico
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Park HH, Park W, Lee YY, Kim H, Seo HS, Choi DW, Kwon H, Na DH, Kim T, Choy YB, Ahn JH, Lee W, Park CG. Bioinspired DNase-I-Coated Melanin-Like Nanospheres for Modulation of Infection-Associated NETosis Dysregulation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2103748. [PMID: 34623037 PMCID: PMC8498881 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
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Qiao Q, Liu X, Yang T, Cui K, Kong L, Yang C, Zhang Z. Nanomedicine for acute respiratory distress syndrome: The latest application, targeting strategy, and rational design. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:3060-3091. [PMID: 33977080 PMCID: PMC8102084 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by the severe inflammation and destruction of the lung air-blood barrier, leading to irreversible and substantial respiratory function damage. Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been encountered with a high risk of ARDS, underscoring the urgency for exploiting effective therapy. However, proper medications for ARDS are still lacking due to poor pharmacokinetics, non-specific side effects, inability to surmount pulmonary barrier, and inadequate management of heterogeneity. The increased lung permeability in the pathological environment of ARDS may contribute to nanoparticle-mediated passive targeting delivery. Nanomedicine has demonstrated unique advantages in solving the dilemma of ARDS drug therapy, which can address the shortcomings and limitations of traditional anti-inflammatory or antioxidant drug treatment. Through passive, active, or physicochemical targeting, nanocarriers can interact with lung epithelium/endothelium and inflammatory cells to reverse abnormal changes and restore homeostasis of the pulmonary environment, thereby showing good therapeutic activity and reduced toxicity. This article reviews the latest applications of nanomedicine in pre-clinical ARDS therapy, highlights the strategies for targeted treatment of lung inflammation, presents the innovative drug delivery systems, and provides inspiration for strengthening the therapeutic effect of nanomedicine-based treatment.
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Key Words
- ACE2, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
- AEC II, alveolar type II epithelial cells
- AM, alveolar macrophages
- ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome
- Acute lung injury
- Acute respiratory distress syndrome
- Anti-inflammatory therapy
- BALF, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid
- BSA, bovine serum albumin
- CD, cyclodextrin
- CLP, cecal ligation and perforation
- COVID-19
- COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019
- DOPE, phosphatidylethanolamine
- DOTAP, 1-diolefin-3-trimethylaminopropane
- DOX, doxorubicin
- DPPC, dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine
- Drug delivery
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- ELVIS, extravasation through leaky vasculature and subsequent inflammatory cell-mediated sequestration
- EPCs, endothelial progenitor cells
- EPR, enhanced permeability and retention
- EVs, extracellular vesicles
- EphA2, ephrin type-A receptor 2
- Esbp, E-selectin-binding peptide
- FcgR, Fcγ receptor
- GNP, peptide-gold nanoparticle
- H2O2, hydrogen peroxide
- HO-1, heme oxygenase-1
- ICAM-1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1
- IKK, IκB kinase
- IL, interleukin
- LPS, lipopolysaccharide
- MERS, Middle East respiratory syndrome
- MPMVECs, mouse pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells
- MPO, myeloperoxidase
- MSC, mesenchymal stem cells
- NAC, N-acetylcysteine
- NE, neutrophil elastase
- NETs, neutrophil extracellular traps
- NF-κB, nuclear factor-κB
- Nanomedicine
- PC, phosphatidylcholine
- PCB, poly(carboxybetaine)
- PDA, polydopamine
- PDE4, phosphodiesterase 4
- PECAM-1, platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule
- PEG, poly(ethylene glycol)
- PEI, polyetherimide
- PEVs, platelet-derived extracellular vesicles
- PLGA, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)
- PS-PEG, poly(styrene-b-ethylene glycol)
- Pathophysiologic feature
- RBC, red blood cells
- RBD, receptor-binding domains
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- S1PLyase, sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase
- SARS, severe acute respiratory syndrome
- SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
- SDC1, syndecan-1
- SORT, selective organ targeting
- SP, surfactant protein
- Se, selenium
- Siglec, sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin
- TLR, toll-like receptor
- TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α
- TPP, triphenylphosphonium cation
- Targeting strategy
- YSA, YSAYPDSVPMMS
- cRGD, cyclic arginine glycine-d-aspartic acid
- iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase
- rSPANb, anti-rat SP-A nanobody
- scFv, single chain variable fragments
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Qiao
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiong Liu
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Kexin Cui
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Li Kong
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Conglian Yang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhiping Zhang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Novel Drug Delivery System, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) in Severe SARS-CoV-2 Lung Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168854. [PMID: 34445556 PMCID: PMC8396177 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), built from mitochondrial or nuclear DNA, proteinases, and histones, entrap and eliminate pathogens in the course of bacterial or viral infections. Neutrophils’ activation and the formation of NETs have been described as major risk factors for acute lung injury, multi-organ damage, and mortality in COVID-19 disease. NETs-related lung injury involves both epithelial and endothelial cells, as well as the alveolar-capillary barrier. The markers for NETs formation, such as circulating DNA, neutrophil elastase (NE) activity, or myeloperoxidase-DNA complexes, were found in lung specimens of COVID-19 victims, as well as in sera and tracheal aspirates obtained from COVID-19 patients. DNA threads form large conglomerates causing local obstruction of the small bronchi and together with NE are responsible for overproduction of mucin by epithelial cells. Various components of NETs are involved in the pathogenesis of cytokine storm in SARS-CoV-2 pulmonary disease. NETs are responsible for the interplay between inflammation and thrombosis in the affected lungs. The immunothrombosis, stimulated by NETs, has a poor prognostic significance. Better understanding of the role of NETs in the course of COVID-19 can help to develop novel approaches to the therapeutic interventions in this condition.
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Lim J, Lee YY, Choy YB, Park W, Park CG. Sepsis diagnosis and treatment using nanomaterials. Biomed Eng Lett 2021; 11:197-210. [PMID: 34277115 PMCID: PMC8274966 DOI: 10.1007/s13534-021-00200-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening reaction that occurs when the body's severe response to an infection damages the host's own tissues. Sepsis has been globally recognized as a fatal disease. Rapid treatment of sepsis requires prompt identification, administering antibiotics, careful hemodynamic support, and treating the cause of the infection. Clinical outcomes of sepsis depend on early diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Unfortunately, current sepsis diagnosis and treatment, such as polymerase chain reaction-based assay, blood culture assay, and antibiotic therapy, are ineffective; consequently, sepsis-related mortality remains high and increases antimicrobial resistance. To overcome this challenge, nanotechnology, which involves engineering at a nanoscale, is used for diagnosing and treating sepsis. Preclinical models have shown protective effects and potential utility in managing septic shock. Furthermore, nanotechnology treatments based on diverse materials result in the effective treatment of sepsis, improving the survival rate. In this review, we present an overview of the recent research advancements in nanotechnology to diagnose and treat sepsis with a brief introduction to sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaesung Lim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, SKKU Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, Gyeonggi 16419 Republic of Korea
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, SKKU Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, Gyeonggi 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Young Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080 Republic of Korea
| | - Young Bin Choy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080 Republic of Korea
| | - Wooram Park
- Department of Biomedical-Chemical Engineering, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi 14662 Republic of Korea
| | - Chun Gwon Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, SKKU Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, Gyeonggi 16419 Republic of Korea
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, SKKU Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, Gyeonggi 16419 Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16419 Republic of Korea
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, Gyeonggi 16419 Republic of Korea
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Rawat S, Vrati S, Banerjee A. Neutrophils at the crossroads of acute viral infections and severity. Mol Aspects Med 2021; 81:100996. [PMID: 34284874 PMCID: PMC8286244 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2021.100996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils are versatile immune effector cells essential for mounting a first-line defense against invading pathogens. However, uncontrolled activation can lead to severe life-threatening complications. Neutrophils exist as a heterogeneous population, and their interaction with pathogens and other immune cells may shape the outcome of the host immune response. Diverse classes of viruses, including the recently identified novel SARS-CoV-2, have shown to alter the various aspects of neutrophil biology, offering possibilities for selective intervention. Here, we review heterogeneity within the neutrophil population, highlighting the functional consequences of circulating phenotypes and their critical involvement in exaggerating protective and pathological immune responses against the viruses. We discuss the recent findings of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in COVID-19 pathology and cover other viruses, where neutrophil biology and NETs are crucial for developing disease severity. In the end, we have also pointed out the areas where neutrophil-mediated responses can be finely tuned to outline opportunities for therapeutic manipulation in controlling inflammation against viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surender Rawat
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Sudhanshu Vrati
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Arup Banerjee
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad, Haryana, India.
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Ahmad RS, Eubank TD, Lukomski S, Boone BA. Immune Cell Modulation of the Extracellular Matrix Contributes to the Pathogenesis of Pancreatic Cancer. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11060901. [PMID: 34204306 PMCID: PMC8234537 DOI: 10.3390/biom11060901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal malignancy with a five-year survival rate of only 9%. PDAC is characterized by a dense, fibrotic stroma composed of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. This desmoplastic stroma is a hallmark of PDAC, representing a significant physical barrier that is immunosuppressive and obstructs penetration of cytotoxic chemotherapy agents into the tumor microenvironment (TME). Additionally, dense ECM promotes hypoxia, making tumor cells refractive to radiation therapy and alters their metabolism, thereby supporting proliferation and survival. In this review, we outline the significant contribution of fibrosis to the pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer, with a focus on the cross talk between immune cells and pancreatic stellate cells that contribute to ECM deposition. We emphasize the cellular mechanisms by which neutrophils and macrophages, specifically, modulate the ECM in favor of PDAC-progression. Furthermore, we investigate how activated stellate cells and ECM influence immune cells and promote immunosuppression in PDAC. Finally, we summarize therapeutic strategies that target the stroma and hinder immune cell promotion of fibrogenesis, which have unfortunately led to mixed results. An enhanced understanding of the complex interactions between the pancreatic tumor ECM and immune cells may uncover novel treatment strategies that are desperately needed for this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramiz S. Ahmad
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA;
| | - Timothy D. Eubank
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; (T.D.E.); (S.L.)
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Slawomir Lukomski
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; (T.D.E.); (S.L.)
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Brian A. Boone
- Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA;
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; (T.D.E.); (S.L.)
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
- Correspondence:
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Jeong Y, Kang SM. Universal Surface Coating with a Non-Phenolic Molecule, Sulfonated Pyrene. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:7227-7236. [PMID: 34058825 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c00784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nature-inspired small molecules such as catecholamines and polyphenols have gained a great deal of attention because of the exceptional surface-coating property that is applicable to many diverse substrates. Many researchers have conducted studies to expand molecular pools with surface-coating properties, but previous reports have still been limited to phenolic molecules as surface-coating agents. In this study, we describe for the first time the material-independent coating properties of nonphenolic molecules, namely, sulfonated pyrenes with ZrIV ions. Owing to the binding capability with several oxygen-containing ligands, ZrIV can be used for the molecular assembly of sulfonated pyrenes. We also report on the mixing of multiple sulfonated pyrenes and ZrIV results in cross-linked complexes that can coat diverse solid substrates. The resulting coating can serve as a platform for grafting functional polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeonwoo Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Min Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
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40
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Hazeldine J, Lord JM. Neutrophils and COVID-19: Active Participants and Rational Therapeutic Targets. Front Immunol 2021; 12:680134. [PMID: 34149717 PMCID: PMC8206563 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.680134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Whilst the majority of individuals infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative pathogen of COVID-19, experience mild to moderate symptoms, approximately 20% develop severe respiratory complications that may progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome, pulmonary failure and death. To date, single cell and high-throughput systems based analyses of the peripheral and pulmonary immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 suggest that a hyperactive and dysregulated immune response underpins the development of severe disease, with a prominent role assigned to neutrophils. Characterised in part by robust generation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), the presence of immature, immunosuppressive and activated neutrophil subsets in the circulation, and neutrophilic infiltrates in the lung, a granulocytic signature is emerging as a defining feature of severe COVID-19. Furthermore, an assessment of the number, maturity status and/or function of circulating neutrophils at the time of hospital admission has shown promise as a prognostic tool for the early identification of patients at risk of clinical deterioration. Here, by summarising the results of studies that have examined the peripheral and pulmonary immune response to SARS-CoV-2, we provide a comprehensive overview of the changes that occur in the composition, phenotype and function of the neutrophil pool in COVID-19 patients of differing disease severities and discuss potential mediators of SARS-CoV-2-induced neutrophil dysfunction. With few specific treatments currently approved for COVID-19, we conclude the review by discussing whether neutrophils represent a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of patients with severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon Hazeldine
- MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Surgical Reconstruction and Microbiology Research Centre, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Janet M. Lord
- MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Surgical Reconstruction and Microbiology Research Centre, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Carvalho APA, Conte‐Junior CA. Recent Advances on Nanomaterials to COVID-19 Management: A Systematic Review on Antiviral/Virucidal Agents and Mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 Inhibition/Inactivation. GLOBAL CHALLENGES (HOBOKEN, NJ) 2021; 5:2000115. [PMID: 33786199 PMCID: PMC7994982 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202000115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The current pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is recognized as a public health emergency of worldwide concern. Nanomaterials can be effectively used to detect, capture/inactivate or inhibit coronavirus cell entry/replication in the human host cell, preventing infection. Their potential for nanovaccines, immunoengineering, diagnosis, repurposing medication, and disinfectant surfaces targeting the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is highlighted. In this systematic review the aim is to present an unbiased view of which and how nanomaterials can reduce the spread of COVID-19. Herein, the focus is on SARS-CoV-2, analyzing 46 articles retrieved before December 31, 2020. The interface between nanomaterials is described, and the main mechanisms to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis and viral inactivation are also discussed. Nanocarbons, biopolymeric, copper, and silver nanoparticles are potential antiviral and virucidal agents toward self-cleaning and reusable filter media and surfaces (e.g., facial masks), drug administration, vaccines, and immunodiagnostic assays. Trends in toxicology research and safety tests can help fill the main gaps in the literature and overcome health surveillance's challenges. Phytochemicals delivery by nanocarriers also stand out as candidates to target and bio-friendly therapy. Nanocellulose might fill in the gaps. Future research using nanomaterials targeting novel therapies/prophylaxis measures to COVID-19 and future outbreaks is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Paula A. Carvalho
- COVID‐19 Research GroupTechnological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC)Department of BiochemistryFederal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)UFRJRio de Janeiro21941‐909Brazil
- COVID‐19 Research GroupLaboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM)Institute of Chemistry (IQ)Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)UFRJRio de Janeiro21941‐909Brazil
- Graduate Program in Chemistry (PGQu)Institute of Chemistry (IQ)Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)Rio de Janeiro21941‐909Brazil
- Graduate Program in Food Science (PPGCAL)Institute of Chemistry (IQ)Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)Rio de Janeiro21941‐909Brazil
- Nanotechnology NetworkCarlos Chagas Filho Research Support Foundation of the State of Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ)Rio de Janeiro20020‐000Brazil
| | - Carlos A. Conte‐Junior
- COVID‐19 Research GroupTechnological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC)Department of BiochemistryFederal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)UFRJRio de Janeiro21941‐909Brazil
- COVID‐19 Research GroupLaboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM)Institute of Chemistry (IQ)Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)UFRJRio de Janeiro21941‐909Brazil
- Graduate Program in Chemistry (PGQu)Institute of Chemistry (IQ)Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)Rio de Janeiro21941‐909Brazil
- Graduate Program in Food Science (PPGCAL)Institute of Chemistry (IQ)Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)Rio de Janeiro21941‐909Brazil
- Nanotechnology NetworkCarlos Chagas Filho Research Support Foundation of the State of Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ)Rio de Janeiro20020‐000Brazil
- Graduate Program in Veterinary Hygiene (PPGHV)Faculty of Veterinary MedicineFluminense Federal University (UFF)Niterói24230‐340Brazil
- Graduate Program in Sanitary Surveillance (PPGVS)National Institute of Health Quality Control (INCQS)Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ)Rio de Janeiro21040‐900Brazil
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Talamini L, Matsuura E, De Cola L, Muller S. Immunologically Inert Nanostructures as Selective Therapeutic Tools in Inflammatory Diseases. Cells 2021; 10:cells10030707. [PMID: 33806746 PMCID: PMC8004653 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The current therapies based on immunosuppressant or new biologic drugs often show some limitations in term of efficacy and applicability, mainly because of their inadequate targeting and of unwanted adverse reactions they generate. To overcome these inherent problems, in the last decades, innovative nanocarriers have been developed to encapsulate active molecules and offer novel promising strategies to efficiently modulate the immune system. This review provides an overview of how it is possible, exploiting the favorable features of nanocarriers, especially with regard to their immunogenicity, to improve the bioavailability of novel drugs that selectively target immune cells in the context of autoimmune disorders and inflammatory diseases. A focus is made on nanoparticles that selectively target neutrophils in inflammatory pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Talamini
- CNRS-University of Strasbourg, Biotechnology and Cell Signaling, Illkirch, France/Strasbourg Drug Discovery and Development Institute (IMS), Institut de Science et D'Ingénierie Supramoléculaire, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Eiji Matsuura
- Neutron Therapy Research Center, Collaborative Research Center, Department of Cell Chemistry, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Luisa De Cola
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), University of Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Sylviane Muller
- CNRS-University of Strasbourg, Biotechnology and Cell Signaling, Illkirch, France/Strasbourg Drug Discovery and Development Institute (IMS), Institut de Science et D'Ingénierie Supramoléculaire, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Strasbourg University, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Study (USIAS), 67000 Strasbourg, France
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O'Sullivan KM, Holdsworth SR. Neutrophil Extracellular Traps: A Potential Therapeutic Target in MPO-ANCA Associated Vasculitis? Front Immunol 2021; 12:635188. [PMID: 33790907 PMCID: PMC8005609 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.635188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of immune recognition and response to infection and non-infectious forms of cell damage and death is rapidly increasing. The major focus is on host immunity and microbiological invasion. However, it is also clear that these same pathways are important in the initiation and maintenance of autoimmunity and the damage caused to targeted organs. Understanding the involvement of cell death in autoimmune disease is likely to help define critical pathways in the immunopathogenesis of autoimmune disease and new therapeutic targets. An important immune responder cell population in host defense and autoimmunity is the neutrophil. One autoimmune disease where neutrophils play important roles is MPO-ANCA Microscopic Vasculitis. This a severe disease that results from inflammation to small blood vessels in the kidney, the glomeruli (high blood flow and pressure filters). One of the best studied ways in which neutrophils participate in this disease is by cell death through NETosis resulting in the discharge of proinflammatory enzymes and nuclear fragments. In host defense against infection this process helps neutralize pathogens however in auto immunity NETosis results in injury and death to the surrounding healthy tissues. The major autoimmune target in this disease is myeloperoxidase (MPO) which is found uniquely in the cytoplasm of neutrophils. Although the kidney is the major organ targeted in this disease MPO is not expressed in the kidney. Autoantibodies target surface MPO on activated circulating neutrophils resulting in their lodgment in glomerular capillaries where they NETose releasing extracellularly MPO and nuclear fragments initiating injury and planting the key autoantigen MPO. It is the cell death of neutrophils that changes the kidney from innocent bystander to major autoimmune target. Defining the immunopathogenesis of this autoimmune disease and recognizing critical injurious pathways will allow therapeutic intervention to block these pathways and attenuate autoimmune injury. The insights (regarding mechanisms of injury and potential therapeutic targets) are likely to be highly relevant to many other autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim M O'Sullivan
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephen R Holdsworth
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Nephrology, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Immunology, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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Kim KS, Han JH, Choi SH, Jung HY, Park JD, An HJ, Kim SE, Kim DH, Doh J, Han DK, Kim IH, Park W, Park KS. Cationic Nanoparticle-Mediated Activation of Natural Killer Cells for Effective Cancer Immunotherapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:56731-56740. [PMID: 33290037 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c16357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells have been recognized as a next-generation therapy for cancer as they are less likely to trigger adverse events (e.g., cytokine storm or graft-versus-host disease) than T cell-based therapeutics. Although NK cell activation strategies through genetic engineering and cytokine treatment have been actively studied for successful cancer treatment, the approaches are inefficient, expensive, and involve complex processing. Here, we developed a facile and efficient method of activating NK cells using cationic nanoparticles (cNPs). The cytotoxic activity of cNP-treated primary NK and NK-92MI cells against triple-negative breast cancer cells was over 2-fold higher than that of control NK cells in vitro. Molecular biological analyses confirmed that cNPs altered the expression of CCR4 and CXCR4 of NK cells that function as chemokine receptors. In vitro live cell imaging showed that the NK cells treated with cNPs were better than control NK cells at interacting with cancer cells. Consistent with these in vitro results, cNP-treated NK cells effectively inhibited tumor growth in an in vivo tumor animal model of triple-negative breast cancer. Additionally, NK cells treated with cNPs were tracked effectively in vivo by magnetic resonance imaging. Thus, cNP-mediated activation of NK cells has great potential as an NK cell-based cancer immunotherapy. Most of all, activating NK cells using cNPs has a great advantage over conventional methods in that immune cells can be activated by a one-step facile process with exogenously charged nanomaterials, without the need for genetic engineering or cytokine treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang-Soo Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, Republic of Korea
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Jun-Hyeok Han
- Department of Biomedical-Chemical Engineering, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biological Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hee Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Yun Jung
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Dong Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jung An
- Department of Pathology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Eun Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Junsang Doh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Keun Han
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Ik-Hwan Kim
- Department of Biological Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooram Park
- Department of Biomedical-Chemical Engineering, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Soon Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13496, Republic of Korea
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