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Takata K, Kitaguchi T, Tokushige H, Nagata T, Miyayama T, Shibata K, Fukuda H, Yamauchi R, Fukunaga A, Tanaka T, Yokoyama K, Shakado S, Yoshimitsu K, Kusano H, Sakisaka S, Hirai F. Disappearance of Hepatocellular Adenoma in a Patient with Cornelia de Lange Syndrome after Treatment with Transcatheter Arterial Embolization. Intern Med 2024; 63:1569-1573. [PMID: 37866915 PMCID: PMC11189705 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.2537-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a congenital disorder occasionally associated with congenital portosystemic shunt (CPSS). We herein report a patient with CdLS and CPSS who developed hepatocellular adenomas (HCAs). The patient presented to our hospital for the further investigation of newly diagnosed liver tumors. Imaging findings and pathological examination results indicated that the liver tumors were inflammatory HCAs that subsequently shrank following transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE). Patients with CdLS and CPSS are at risk of developing HCAs, and TAE may be an effective management strategy for HCA in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhide Takata
- Department of Gastroenterology and Medicine, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, Japan
| | - Takanori Kitaguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Medicine, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Tokushige
- Department of Gastroenterology and Medicine, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, Japan
| | - Takahiro Nagata
- Department of Gastroenterology and Medicine, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, Japan
| | - Takashi Miyayama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Medicine, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, Japan
| | - Kumiko Shibata
- Department of Gastroenterology and Medicine, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hiromi Fukuda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Medicine, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamauchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Medicine, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, Japan
| | - Atsushi Fukunaga
- Department of Gastroenterology and Medicine, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, Japan
| | - Takashi Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Medicine, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, Japan
| | - Keiji Yokoyama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Medicine, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, Japan
| | - Satoshi Shakado
- Department of Gastroenterology and Medicine, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, Japan
| | - Kengo Yoshimitsu
- Department of Radiology, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hironori Kusano
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Hospital Organization Kokura Medical Center, Japan
| | - Shotaro Sakisaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Medicine, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, Japan
| | - Fumihito Hirai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Medicine, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, Japan
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Ascaso Á, Arnedo M, Puisac B, Latorre-Pellicer A, Del Rincón J, Bueno-Lozano G, Pié J, Ramos FJ. Cornelia de Lange Spectrum. An Pediatr (Barc) 2024; 100:352-362. [PMID: 38735830 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpede.2024.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a rare congenital developmental disorder with multisystemic involvement. The clinical presentation is highly variable, but the classic phenotype, characterized by distinctive craniofacial features, pre- and postnatal growth retardation, extremity reduction defects, hirsutism and intellectual disability can be distinguished from the nonclassic phenotype, which is generally milder and more difficult to diagnose. In addition, the clinical features overlap with those of other neurodevelopmental disorders, so the use of consensus clinical criteria and artificial intelligence tools may be helpful in confirming the diagnosis. Pathogenic variants in NIPBL, which encodes a protein related to the cohesin complex, have been identified in more than 60% of patients, and pathogenic variants in other genes related to this complex in another 15%: SMC1A, SMC3, RAD21, and HDAC8. Technical advances in large-scale sequencing have allowed the description of additional genes (BRD4, ANKRD11, MAU2), but the lack of molecular diagnosis in 15% of individuals and the substantial clinical heterogeneity of the syndrome suggest that other genes and mechanisms may be involved. Although there is no curative treatment, there are symptomatic/palliative treatments that paediatricians should be aware of. The main medical complication in classic SCdL is gastro-esophageal reflux (GER), which should be treated early.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángela Ascaso
- Consulta de Pediatría, Centro de Salud Delicias Sur, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - María Arnedo
- Laboratorio de Genética Clínica y Genómica Funcional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Beatriz Puisac
- Laboratorio de Genética Clínica y Genómica Funcional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ana Latorre-Pellicer
- Laboratorio de Genética Clínica y Genómica Funcional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Julia Del Rincón
- Unidad de Genética Clínica, Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Gloria Bueno-Lozano
- Unidad de Genética Clínica, Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Juan Pié
- Laboratorio de Genética Clínica y Genómica Funcional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Feliciano J Ramos
- Unidad de Genética Clínica, Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain.
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Bukowska-Olech E, Majchrzak-Celińska A, Przyborska M, Jamsheer A. Chromatinopathies: insight in clinical aspects and underlying epigenetic changes. J Appl Genet 2024; 65:287-301. [PMID: 38180712 PMCID: PMC11003913 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-023-00824-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Chromatinopathies (CPs), a group of rare inborn defects characterized by chromatin state imbalance, have evolved from initially resembling Cornelia de Lange syndrome to encompass a wide array of genetic diseases with diverse clinical presentations. The CPs classification now includes human developmental disorders caused by germline mutations in epigenes, genes that regulate the epigenome. Recent advances in next-generation sequencing have enabled the association of 154 epigenes with CPs, revealing distinctive DNA methylation patterns known as episignatures.It has been shown that episignatures are unique for a particular CP or share similarities among specific CP subgroup. Consequently, these episignatures have emerged as promising biomarkers for diagnosing and treating CPs, differentiating subtypes, evaluating variants of unknown significance, and facilitating targeted therapies tailored to the underlying epigenetic dysregulation.The following review was conducted to collect, summarize, and analyze data regarding CPs in such aspects as clinical evaluation encompassing long-term patient care, underlying epigenetic changes, and innovative molecular and bioinformatic methodologies that have been devised for the assessment of CPs. We have also shed light on promising novel treatment options that have surfaced in recent research and presented a synthesis of ongoing clinical trials, contributing to the current understanding of the dynamic and evolving nature of CPs investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Aleksander Jamsheer
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
- Centers for Medical Genetics GENESIS, Poznan, Poland
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Lei Z, Song X, Zheng X, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wu Z, Fan T, Dong S, Cao H, Zhao Y, Xia Z, Gao L, Shang Q, Mei S. Identification of two novel heterozygous variants of SMC3 with Cornelia de Lange syndrome. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2024; 12:e2447. [PMID: 38733165 PMCID: PMC11087815 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.2447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a multisystem genetic disorder, and cases caused by variants in the structural maintenance of chromosomes protein 3 (SMC3) gene are uncommon. Here, we report two cases of CdLS associated with novel pathogenic variants in SMC3 from two Chinese families. METHODS Clinical presentations of two patients with CdLS were evaluated, and specimens from the patients and other family members were collected for Trio-based whole-exome sequencing. Pyrosequencing, chip-based digital PCR, minigene splicing assay, and in silico analysis were carried out to elucidate the impact of novel variants. RESULTS Novel heterozygous variants in SMC3 were identified in each proband. One harbored a novel splicing and mosaic variant (c.2535+1G>A) in SMC3. The mutated allele G>A conversion was approximately 23.1% by digital PCR, which indicated that 46.2% of peripheral blood cells had this variant. Additionally, in vitro minigene splicing analysis validated that the c.2535+1G>A variant led to an exon skipping in messenger RNA splicing. The other carried a heterozygous variant (c.435C>A), which was predicted to be pathogenic as well as significantly altered in local electrical potential. The former showed multiple abnormalities and marked clinical severity, and the latter mainly exhibited a speech developmental disorder and slightly facial anomalies. CONCLUSION Both patients were clinically diagnosed with Cornelia de Lange syndrome 3 (CdLS3). The newly identified SMC3 gene variants can expand the understanding of CdLS3 and provide reliable evidence for genetic counseling to the affected family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Lei
- Henan Key Laboratory of Children's Genetics and Metabolic DiseasesChildren's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital Zhengzhou Children's HospitalZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Xiaorui Song
- Henan Key Laboratory of Children's Genetics and Metabolic DiseasesChildren's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital Zhengzhou Children's HospitalZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Xuan Zheng
- Henan Key Laboratory of Children's Genetics and Metabolic DiseasesChildren's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital Zhengzhou Children's HospitalZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Yanhong Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Children's Genetics and Metabolic DiseasesChildren's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital Zhengzhou Children's HospitalZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Yingyuan Wang
- Department of Neonatal MedicineHenan Children's Hospital Zhengzhou Children's HospitalZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Zhirong Wu
- Rehabilitation CenterHenan Children's Hospital Zhengzhou Children's HospitalZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Tian Fan
- Department of Neonatal MedicineHenan Children's Hospital Zhengzhou Children's HospitalZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Shijie Dong
- Department of Medical ImagingHenan Children's Hospital Zhengzhou Children's HospitalZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Honghui Cao
- Department of OphthalmologyHenan Children's Hospital Zhengzhou Children's HospitalZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Yuefang Zhao
- School of Life SciencesInner Mongolia UniversityHohhotInner MongoliaChina
| | - Zhiyi Xia
- Henan Key Laboratory of Children's Genetics and Metabolic DiseasesChildren's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital Zhengzhou Children's HospitalZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Liujiong Gao
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care UnitHenan Children's Hospital Zhengzhou Children's HospitalZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Qing Shang
- Rehabilitation CenterHenan Children's Hospital Zhengzhou Children's HospitalZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Shiyue Mei
- Henan Key Laboratory of Children's Genetics and Metabolic DiseasesChildren's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital Zhengzhou Children's HospitalZhengzhouHenanChina
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Chea S, Kreger J, Lopez-Burks ME, MacLean AL, Lander AD, Calof AL. Gastrulation-stage gene expression in Nipbl+/- mouse embryos foreshadows the development of syndromic birth defects. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadl4239. [PMID: 38507484 PMCID: PMC10954218 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adl4239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
In animal models, Nipbl deficiency phenocopies gene expression changes and birth defects seen in Cornelia de Lange syndrome, the most common cause of which is Nipbl haploinsufficiency. Previous studies in Nipbl+/- mice suggested that heart development is abnormal as soon as cardiogenic tissue is formed. To investigate this, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing on wild-type and Nipbl+/- mouse embryos at gastrulation and early cardiac crescent stages. Nipbl+/- embryos had fewer mesoderm cells than wild-type and altered proportions of mesodermal cell subpopulations. These findings were associated with underexpression of genes implicated in driving specific mesodermal lineages. In addition, Nanog was found to be overexpressed in all germ layers, and many gene expression changes observed in Nipbl+/- embryos could be attributed to Nanog overexpression. These findings establish a link between Nipbl deficiency, Nanog overexpression, and gene expression dysregulation/lineage misallocation, which ultimately manifest as birth defects in Nipbl+/- animals and Cornelia de Lange syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephenson Chea
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Jesse Kreger
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Martha E. Lopez-Burks
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Adam L. MacLean
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Arthur D. Lander
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Anne L. Calof
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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6
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Ng R, O'Connor J, Summa D, Kline AD. Neurobehavioral and developmental profiles: genotype-phenotype correlations in individuals with Cornelia de Lange syndrome. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2024; 19:111. [PMID: 38462617 PMCID: PMC10926648 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-024-03104-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cornelia de Lange (CdLS) is a rare genetic disorder that affects most body systems. Variants in multiple genes including NIPBL and SMC1A, can cause the syndrome. To date, literature on genotype-phenotype associations in individuals with CdLS is extremely limited, although studies suggest some differences in clinical phenotype severity across variants. This study aimed to examine and compare neurobehavioral differences and developmental variability across CdLS genes, specifically NIPBL and SMC1A, and identify genotype-phenotype correlations. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS This patient-reported outcomes study included accessing data from the Coordination of Rare Diseases registry at Sanford. Parents of a total of 26 children/adults with CdLS and a known variant in NIPBL (Mean age = 20.46 years, SD = 11.21) and 12 with a known variant in SMC1A (Mean age = 11.08 years, SD = 9.04) completed a series of questionnaires regarding their child's developmental history. This included attainment of common language and motor milestones, intervention history, and behavior functioning. Developmental history and reported behavior regulation difficulties were compared across variant groups. RESULTS Overall, individuals with a pathogenic variant in NIPBL or SMC1A were similarly delayed across motor and language milestones with about 70% not using phrase speech and 30-50% not walking by 5 years of age. However, those with NIPBL variants showed more severity in behavioral phenotype, namely with more repetitive behaviors, tantrums, and withdrawn behaviors. In addition, these individuals were more likely than those with SMC1A variants to demonstrate self-injurious behaviors, and anxiety. Both groups yielded a similar proportion of participants who participated in speech and occupational therapy, however those with SMC1A variants were more likely to engage in physical therapy. Both clinical groups report low rate of communicative or assistive device use despite a large proportion of participants never mastering single word or sentence use. CONCLUSIONS Study results are consistent with recent investigations highlighting more severe behavioral phenotype, particularly autistic features, anxiety, and behavior regulation challenges, among those with NIPBL variants albeit comparable developmental milestones. Both groups endorsed very elevated attention problems. Findings highlight importance of early interventions, including behavioral health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rowena Ng
- Department of Neuropsychology, Kennedy Krieger Institute, 1750 E. Fairmount Ave, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Julia O'Connor
- Department of Neuropsychology, Kennedy Krieger Institute, 1750 E. Fairmount Ave, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Deirdre Summa
- Cornelia de Lange Syndrome Foundation, Avon, CT, USA
| | - Antonie D Kline
- Harvey Institute for Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Musa RE, Lester KL, Quickstad G, Vardabasso S, Shumate TV, Salcido RT, Ge K, Shpargel KB. BRD4 binds to active cranial neural crest enhancers to regulate RUNX2 activity during osteoblast differentiation. Development 2024; 151:dev202110. [PMID: 38063851 PMCID: PMC10905746 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a congenital disorder featuring facial dysmorphism, postnatal growth deficits, cognitive disability and upper limb abnormalities. CdLS is genetically heterogeneous, with cases arising from mutation of BRD4, a bromodomain protein that binds and reads acetylated histones. In this study, we have modeled CdLS facial pathology through mouse neural crest cell (NCC)-specific mutation of BRD4 to characterize cellular and molecular function in craniofacial development. Mice with BRD4 NCC loss of function died at birth with severe facial hypoplasia, cleft palate, mid-facial clefting and exencephaly. Following migration, BRD4 mutant NCCs initiated RUNX2 expression for differentiation to osteoblast lineages but failed to induce downstream RUNX2 targets required for lineage commitment. BRD4 bound to active enhancers to regulate expression of osteogenic transcription factors and extracellular matrix components integral for bone formation. RUNX2 physically interacts with a C-terminal domain in the long isoform of BRD4 and can co-occupy osteogenic enhancers. This BRD4 association is required for RUNX2 recruitment and appropriate osteoblast differentiation. We conclude that BRD4 controls facial bone development through osteoblast enhancer regulation of the RUNX2 transcriptional program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E. Musa
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7264, USA
| | - Kaitlyn L. Lester
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7264, USA
| | - Gabrielle Quickstad
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7264, USA
| | - Sara Vardabasso
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7264, USA
| | - Trevor V. Shumate
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7264, USA
| | - Ryan T. Salcido
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7264, USA
| | - Kai Ge
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Karl B. Shpargel
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7264, USA
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Abarca-Barriga HH, Punil Luciano R, Vásquez Sotomayor F. Cornelia de Lange Syndrome Caused by an Intragenic Heterozygous Deletion in RAD21 Detected through Very-High-Resolution Chromosomal Microarray Analysis. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2212. [PMID: 38137034 PMCID: PMC10742884 DOI: 10.3390/genes14122212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cornelia de Lange syndrome is a genetic and clinically heterogeneous entity, caused by at least five genes. It is characterized by short stature, gestalt facies, microcephaly, neurodevelopmental disorders, and other anomalies. In this report, we present a 13-year-old female patient with microcephaly, cleft palate, polydactyly, short stature, triangular facies, frontal bossing, a bulbous nose, an overfolded helix, limited pronosupination, and an anomalous uterus. No neurodevelopmental disorders were reported. A chromosomal microarray analysis of 6.5 million markers was performed in the proband and her parents. The results showed a de novo heterozygous microdeletion of exons 9-14 within RAD21, which confirmed the diagnosis of Cornelia de Lange syndrome type 4. Our patient did not show any neurologic phenotype (until the time of diagnosis), although neurodevelopmental disorders are frequently present in patients with Cornelia de Lange syndrome type 4, and despite carrying a deletion that was larger than previously reported. Therefore, unknown genetic modifiers or intrinsic mechanisms of RAD21 variants may exist and should be studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo H. Abarca-Barriga
- Instituto de Investigaciones de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Ricardo Palma, Lima 15039, Peru;
- Servicio de Genética & Errores Innatos del Metabolismo, Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño Breña, Lima 15083, Peru;
| | - Renzo Punil Luciano
- Servicio de Genética & Errores Innatos del Metabolismo, Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño Breña, Lima 15083, Peru;
| | - Flor Vásquez Sotomayor
- Instituto de Investigaciones de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Ricardo Palma, Lima 15039, Peru;
- Servicio de Genética & Errores Innatos del Metabolismo, Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño Breña, Lima 15083, Peru;
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9
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Diaz Perez KK, Chung S, Head ST, Epstein MP, Hecht JT, Wehby GL, Weinberg SM, Murray JC, Marazita ML, Leslie EJ. Rare variants found in multiplex families with orofacial clefts: Does expanding the phenotype make a difference? Am J Med Genet A 2023; 191:2558-2570. [PMID: 37350193 PMCID: PMC10528230 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Exome sequencing (ES) is now a relatively straightforward process to identify causal variants in Mendelian disorders. However, the same is not true for ES in families where the inheritance patterns are less clear, and a complex etiology is suspected. Orofacial clefts (OFCs) are highly heritable birth defects with both Mendelian and complex etiologies. The phenotypic spectrum of OFCs may include overt clefts and several subclinical phenotypes, such as discontinuities in the orbicularis oris muscle (OOM) in the upper lip, velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI), microform clefts or bifid uvulas. We hypothesize that expanding the OFC phenotype to include these phenotypes can clarify inheritance patterns in multiplex families, making them appear more Mendelian. We performed exome sequencing to find rare, likely causal genetic variants in 31 multiplex OFC families, which included families with multiple individuals with OFCs and individuals with subclinical phenotypes. We identified likely causal variants in COL11A2, IRF6, SHROOM3, SMC3, TBX3, and TP63 in six families. Although we did not find clear evidence supporting the subclinical phenotype hypothesis, our findings support a role for rare variants in the etiology of OFCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly K Diaz Perez
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Sydney Chung
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - S Taylor Head
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Michael P Epstein
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jacqueline T Hecht
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical, School and School of Dentistry, UT Health at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - George L Wehby
- Department of Health Management and Policy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Seth M Weinberg
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Murray
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Mary L Marazita
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Leslie
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Kaur M, Blair J, Devkota B, Fortunato S, Clark D, Lawrence A, Kim J, Do W, Semeo B, Katz O, Mehta D, Yamamoto N, Schindler E, Al Rawi Z, Wallace N, Wilde JJ, McCallum J, Liu J, Xu D, Jackson M, Rentas S, Tayoun AA, Zhe Z, Abdul-Rahman O, Allen B, Angula MA, Anyane-Yeboa K, Argente J, Arn PH, Armstrong L, Basel-Salmon L, Baynam G, Bird LM, Bruegger D, Ch'ng GS, Chitayat D, Clark R, Cox GF, Dave U, DeBaere E, Field M, Graham JM, Gripp KW, Greenstein R, Gupta N, Heidenreich R, Hoffman J, Hopkin RJ, Jones KL, Jones MC, Kariminejad A, Kogan J, Lace B, Leroy J, Lynch SA, McDonald M, Meagher K, Mendelsohn N, Micule I, Moeschler J, Nampoothiri S, Ohashi K, Powell CM, Ramanathan S, Raskin S, Roeder E, Rio M, Rope AF, Sangha K, Scheuerle AE, Schneider A, Shalev S, Siu V, Smith R, Stevens C, Tkemaladze T, Toimie J, Toriello H, Turner A, Wheeler PG, White SM, Young T, Loomes KM, Pipan M, Harrington AT, Zackai E, Rajagopalan R, Conlin L, Deardorff MA, McEldrew D, Pie J, Ramos F, Musio A, Kline AD, Izumi K, Raible SE, Krantz ID. Genomic analyses in Cornelia de Lange Syndrome and related diagnoses: Novel candidate genes, genotype-phenotype correlations and common mechanisms. Am J Med Genet A 2023; 191:2113-2131. [PMID: 37377026 PMCID: PMC10524367 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (CdLS) is a rare, dominantly inherited multisystem developmental disorder characterized by highly variable manifestations of growth and developmental delays, upper limb involvement, hypertrichosis, cardiac, gastrointestinal, craniofacial, and other systemic features. Pathogenic variants in genes encoding cohesin complex structural subunits and regulatory proteins (NIPBL, SMC1A, SMC3, HDAC8, and RAD21) are the major pathogenic contributors to CdLS. Heterozygous or hemizygous variants in the genes encoding these five proteins have been found to be contributory to CdLS, with variants in NIPBL accounting for the majority (>60%) of cases, and the only gene identified to date that results in the severe or classic form of CdLS when mutated. Pathogenic variants in cohesin genes other than NIPBL tend to result in a less severe phenotype. Causative variants in additional genes, such as ANKRD11, EP300, AFF4, TAF1, and BRD4, can cause a CdLS-like phenotype. The common role that these genes, and others, play as critical regulators of developmental transcriptional control has led to the conditions they cause being referred to as disorders of transcriptional regulation (or "DTRs"). Here, we report the results of a comprehensive molecular analysis in a cohort of 716 probands with typical and atypical CdLS in order to delineate the genetic contribution of causative variants in cohesin complex genes as well as novel candidate genes, genotype-phenotype correlations, and the utility of genome sequencing in understanding the mutational landscape in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maninder Kaur
- Division of Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Justin Blair
- Division of Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Sierra Fortunato
- Division of Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Audrey Lawrence
- Division of Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jiwoo Kim
- Division of Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Wonwook Do
- Division of Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Benjamin Semeo
- Division of Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Olivia Katz
- Division of Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Devanshi Mehta
- Division of Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nobuko Yamamoto
- Division of Otolaryngology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Emma Schindler
- Division of Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Zayd Al Rawi
- Division of Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nina Wallace
- Division of Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Jennifer McCallum
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jinglan Liu
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dongbin Xu
- Hematologics Inc, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Marie Jackson
- Division of Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Stefan Rentas
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ahmad Abou Tayoun
- Al Jalila Genomics Center, Al Jalila Children's Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Genomic Discovery, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zhang Zhe
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Omar Abdul-Rahman
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Munroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Bill Allen
- Fullerton Genetics Center, Mission Health, Asheville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Moris A Angula
- Department of Pediatrics, NYU Langone Hospital-Long Island, Mineola, New York, USA
| | - Kwame Anyane-Yeboa
- Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jesús Argente
- Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús & Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la obesidad y nutrición (CIBEROBN) and IMDEA Food Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pamela H Arn
- Department of Pediatrics, Nemours Children's Specialty Care, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Linlea Armstrong
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, BC Women's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lina Basel-Salmon
- Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Raphael Recanati Genetics Institute, Petach Tikva, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Gareth Baynam
- Western Australian Register of Developmental Anomalies and Genetic Services of Western Australia, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Division of Pediatrics and Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Rare Care Centre, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Lynne M Bird
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
- Division of Genetics & Dysmophology, Rady Children's Hospital San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Daniel Bruegger
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Gaik-Siew Ch'ng
- Department of Genetics, Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - David Chitayat
- The Prenatal Diagnosis and Medical Genetics Program, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for SickKids, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robin Clark
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Gerald F Cox
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Usha Dave
- R & D MILS International India, Mumbai, India
| | - Elfrede DeBaere
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Michael Field
- Genetics of Learning Disability Service, Hunter Genetics, Waratah, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John M Graham
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Karen W Gripp
- Nemours Children's Health, Wilmington, Delaware, USA
| | - Robert Greenstein
- University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Neerja Gupta
- Division of Genetics, Department of Paediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Randy Heidenreich
- Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Jodi Hoffman
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Robert J Hopkin
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and Department of Pediatrics University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Kenneth L Jones
- Division of Dysmorphology & Teratology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Marilyn C Jones
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
- Division of Genetics & Dysmophology, Rady Children's Hospital San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | | | - Jillene Kogan
- Division of Genetics, Advocate Children's Hospital, Park Ridge, Illinois, USA
| | - Baiba Lace
- Children's Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia
| | - Julian Leroy
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sally Ann Lynch
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Children's Health Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Marie McDonald
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kirsten Meagher
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nancy Mendelsohn
- Complex Health Solutions, United Healthcare, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ieva Micule
- Children's Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia
| | - John Moeschler
- Department of Pediatrics, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Sheela Nampoothiri
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Cochin, India
| | - Kaoru Ohashi
- Department of Medical Genetics, BC Women's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Cynthia M Powell
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Subhadra Ramanathan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Salmo Raskin
- Genetika-Centro de aconselhamento e laboratório de genética, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth Roeder
- Department of Pediatrics and Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Marlene Rio
- Department of Genetics, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Alan F Rope
- Genome Medical, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Karan Sangha
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Angela E Scheuerle
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Adele Schneider
- Department of Pediatrics and Oculogenetics, Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Stavit Shalev
- Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, The Genetics Institute, Emek Medical Center, Afula, Haifa, Israel
| | - Victoria Siu
- London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rosemarie Smith
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Maine Medical Center, Portland, Maine, USA
| | - Cathy Stevens
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee College of Medicine, T.C. Thompson Children's Hospital, Chattanooga, Tennessee, USA
| | - Tinatin Tkemaladze
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - John Toimie
- Clinical Genetics Service, Laboratory Medicine Building, Southern General Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Helga Toriello
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Anne Turner
- Centre for Clinical Genetics, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
- Division of Genetics, Arnold Palmer Hospital, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | | | - Susan M White
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Terri Young
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Research to Prevent Blindness Inc, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kathleen M Loomes
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mary Pipan
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Behavioral Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ann Tokay Harrington
- Center for Rehabilitation, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elaine Zackai
- Division of Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ramakrishnan Rajagopalan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Laura Conlin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Matthew A Deardorff
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Deborah McEldrew
- Division of Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Juan Pie
- Laboratorio de Genética Clínica y Genómica Funcional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Feliciano Ramos
- Unidad de Genética Clínica, Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Clínico Universitario "Lozano Blesa", Zaragoza, Spain
- Departamento de Pediatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Antonio Musio
- Istituto di Tecnologie Biomediche, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Pisa
| | - Antonie D Kline
- Greater Baltimore Medical Centre, Harvey Institute of Human Genetics, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kosuke Izumi
- Division of Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sarah E Raible
- Division of Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ian D Krantz
- Division of Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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11
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Onesimo R, Santis RD, Leoni C, Rigante M, Piastra M, Sforza E, Selicorni A, Zampino G. Nasal polyposis in pediatric patients with Cornelia de Lange syndrome: endoscopic diagnosis, treatment and follow up in two case reports. Ital J Pediatr 2023; 49:85. [PMID: 37455311 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-023-01454-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cornelia de Lange syndrome is a rare genetic disease with otolaryngological involvement. The classic phenotype is characterized by distinctive facial features, intellectual disability, growth delay, hirsutism, and upper-limb reduction. Nasal polyposis was previously reported in association with chronic rhinosinusitis, however data about prevalence, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis are lacking for this cohort of patients, affected by rare disease. CASE PRESENTATION We describe the whole diagnostic and therapeutic workflow of nasal polyps in two pediatric patients with Cornelia de Lange, successfully diagnosed and treated by nasal endoscopy. CONCLUSION Our report confirm that nasal endoscopy is a safe and useful tool in the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of nasal polyps, even in Cornelia de Lange syndrome pediatric patients. We want to increase the alert for the detection of nasal polyps in patients with Cornelia de Lange syndrome since pediatric age. We recommend endoscopy in all patients with Cornelia de Lange syndrome and symptoms of chronic nasal obstruction and/or OSAS. Multidisciplinary team and sedation service could be useful in the management of Cornelia de Lange syndrome patients with airway obstruction symptoms and sleep disturbance when severe intellectual disability, autism or psychiatric findings are present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Onesimo
- Rare Diseases Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS, Largo Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy.
- Pediatric Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Rita De Santis
- Pediatric Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Leoni
- Rare Diseases Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS, Largo Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
- Pediatric Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Mario Rigante
- Otorhinolaryngology Unit - Fondazione Policlinico, Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Piastra
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli -IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Giuseppe Zampino
- Rare Diseases Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS, Largo Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
- Pediatric Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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12
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Elwood KF, Fleege SM, Bradfield YS, Altaweel MM. Coats' Disease in a Patient With Cornelia de Lange Syndrome: Management With Laser and Bevacizumab. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2023; 60:e45-e48. [PMID: 37478198 DOI: 10.3928/01913913-20230619-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Cornelia de Lange syndrome is a congenital disorder with multisystem abnormalities including multiple ocular findings. The authors report a case of Coats' disease in a patient with Cornelia de Lange syndrome who was successfully treated with laser and intravitreal bevacizumab. This case demonstrates the importance of fluorescein angiography in making the diagnosis and directing treatment and the efficacy of combined laser with intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy for persistent vascular leakage associated with Coats' disease in Cornelia de Lange syndrome. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2023;60(4):e45-e48.].
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13
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Perez KKD, Chung S, Head ST, Epstein MP, Hecht JT, Wehby GL, Weinberg SM, Murray JC, Marazita ML, Leslie EJ. Rare variants found in multiplex families with orofacial clefts: Does expanding the phenotype make a difference? MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.02.01.23285340. [PMID: 36798250 PMCID: PMC9934724 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.01.23285340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Whole-exome sequencing (WES) is now a relatively straightforward process to identify causal variants in Mendelian disorders. However, the same is not true for WES in families where the inheritance patterns are less clear, and a complex etiology is suspected. Orofacial clefts (OFCs) are highly heritable birth defects with both Mendelian and complex etiologies. The phenotypic spectrum of OFCs may include overt clefts and several subclinical phenotypes, such as discontinuities in the orbicularis oris muscle (OOM) in the upper lip, velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI), microform clefts or bifid uvulas. We hypothesize that expanding the OFC phenotype to include these phenotypes can clarify inheritance patterns in multiplex families, making them appear more Mendelian. We performed whole-exome sequencing to find rare, likely causal genetic variants in 31 multiplex OFC families, which included families with multiple individuals with OFCs and individuals with subclinical phenotypes. We identified likely causal variants in COL11A2, IRF6, KLF4, SHROOM3, SMC3, TP63 , and TBX3 in seven families. Although we did not find clear evidence supporting the subclinical phenotype hypothesis, our findings support a role for rare variants in the etiology of OFCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly K Diaz Perez
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Sydney Chung
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - S Taylor Head
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Michael P Epstein
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Jacqueline T Hecht
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical, School and School of Dentistry, UT Health at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - George L Wehby
- Department of Health Management and Policy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Seth M Weinberg
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Murray
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Mary L Marazita
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Leslie
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
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14
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Ajmone PF, Giani L, Allegri B, Michelini G, Dall'Ara F, Rigamonti C, Monti F, Vizziello PG, Selicorni A, Milani D, Scaini S, Costantino A. The developmental trajectories of the behavioral phenotype and neuropsychiatric functioning in Cornelia de Lange and Rubinstein Taybi syndromes: A longitudinal study. Am J Med Genet A 2023; 191:424-436. [PMID: 36373849 PMCID: PMC10099472 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Several changes in the behavioral phenotype arise with the growth of children affected by Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (CdLS) and Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome (RSTS). However, previous research relied on a cross-sectional study design turning into age-related comparisons of different syndromic cohorts to explore age-dependent changes. We aim to outline the variating pathways of the neuropsychiatric functioning across the lifespan in CdLS and RSTS, through the setting up of a longitudinal study design. The sample included 14 patients with CdLS and 15 with RSTS. The assessments were carried out in two different timepoints. Our findings highlight that the cognitive profile of CdLS is subjected to a worsening trend with decreasing Intellectual Quotient (IQ) scores from T0 to T1, whereas RSTS shows a stable IQ over time. Patients affected by RSTS show greater improvements compared to CdLS in communication, daily living skills, social abilities, and motor skills across the lifespan. Both syndromes report an upward trend in behavioral and emotional difficulties even if CdLS exhibit a significant and major deterioration compared to individuals with RSTS. Being aware of the early dysfunctional patterns which might pave the way for later neuropsychiatric impairments is the first step for planning preventive interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Francesca Ajmone
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Service (UONPIA), Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Ludovica Giani
- Child and Youth Lab, Sigmund Freud University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Beatrice Allegri
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Service (UONPIA), Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Dall'Ara
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Service (UONPIA), Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Rigamonti
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Service (UONPIA), Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Monti
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Service (UONPIA), Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Giovanna Vizziello
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Service (UONPIA), Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Donatella Milani
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Service (UONPIA), Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Scaini
- Child and Youth Lab, Sigmund Freud University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonella Costantino
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Service (UONPIA), Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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15
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Schmidt J, Dreha-Kulaczewski S, Zafeiriou MP, Schreiber MK, Wilken B, Funke R, Neuhofer CM, Altmüller J, Thiele H, Nürnberg P, Biskup S, Li Y, Zimmermann WH, Kaulfuß S, Yigit G, Wollnik B. Somatic mosaicism in STAG2-associated cohesinopathies: Expansion of the genotypic and phenotypic spectrum. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1025332. [DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1025332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
STAG2 is a component of the large, evolutionarily highly conserved cohesin complex, which has been linked to various cellular processes like genome organization, DNA replication, gene expression, heterochromatin formation, sister chromatid cohesion, and DNA repair. A wide spectrum of germline variants in genes encoding subunits or regulators of the cohesin complex have previously been identified to cause distinct but phenotypically overlapping multisystem developmental disorders belonging to the group of cohesinopathies. Pathogenic variants in STAG2 have rarely been implicated in an X-linked cohesinopathy associated with undergrowth, developmental delay, and dysmorphic features. Here, we describe for the first time a mosaic STAG2 variant in an individual with developmental delay, microcephaly, and hemihypotrophy of the right side. We characterized the grade of mosaicism by deep sequencing analysis on DNA extracted from EDTA blood, urine and buccal swabs. Furthermore, we report an additional female with a novel de novo splice variant in STAG2. Interestingly, both individuals show supernumerary nipples, a feature that has not been reported associated to STAG2 before. Remarkably, additional analysis of STAG2 transcripts in both individuals showed only wildtype transcripts, even after blockage of nonsense-mediated decay using puromycin in blood lymphocytes. As the phenotype of STAG2-associated cohesinopathies is dominated by global developmental delay, severe microcephaly, and brain abnormalities, we investigated the expression of STAG2 and other related components of the cohesin complex during Bioengineered Neuronal Organoids (BENOs) generation by RNA sequencing. Interestingly, we observed a prominent expression of STAG2, especially between culture days 0 and 15, indicating an essential function of STAG2 in early brain development. In summary, we expand the genotypic and phenotypic spectrum of STAG2-associated cohesinopathies and show that BENOs represent a promising model to gain further insights into the critical role of STAG2 in the complex process of nervous system development.
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16
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Molecular Mechanisms Contributing to the Etiology of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia: A Review and Novel Cases. J Pediatr 2022; 246:251-265.e2. [PMID: 35314152 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2022.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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17
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Barañano KW, Kimball A, Fong SL, Egense AS, Hudon C, Kline AD. Further Characterization of SMC1A Loss of Function Epilepsy Distinct From Cornelia de Lange Syndrome. J Child Neurol 2022; 37:390-396. [PMID: 35238682 DOI: 10.1177/08830738221081244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cornelia de Lange syndrome is a rare developmental malformation syndrome characterized by small stature, limb anomalies, distinctive facial features, developmental delays, and behavioral issues. The diagnosis of Cornelia de Lange syndrome is made clinically or on the basis of an identified variant in one of the genes associated with Cornelia de Lange syndrome. SMC1A variants are the cause of 5% of the cases of Cornelia de Lange syndrome. SMC1A is located on the X-chromosome and is thought to escape X-inactivation in some females. Patients with SMC1A variants are being increasingly identified through panel testing or exome sequencing without prior clinical suspicion of Cornelia de Lange syndrome. In general, intractable epilepsy is not considered a prominent feature of Cornelia de Lange syndrome, yet this is found in these patients with SMC1A variants. Here we report on a series of patients with SMC1A variants and intractable epilepsy. In contrast to patients with typical SMC1A-associated Cornelia de Lange syndrome, all of the identified patients were female, and when available, X-inactivation studies were highly skewed with truncating variants. We describe the medical involvement and physical appearance of the participants, compared to the diagnostic criteria used for classical Cornelia de Lange syndrome. We also report on the clinical characteristics of the epilepsy, including age of onset, types of seizures, electroencephalographic (EEG) findings, and response to various antiepileptic medications. These findings allow us to draw conclusions about how this population of patients with SMC1A variants fit into the spectrum of Cornelia de Lange syndrome and the broader spectrum of cohesinopathies and allow generalizations that may impact clinical care and, in particular, epilepsy management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin W Barañano
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Amy Kimball
- Harvey Institute for Human Genetics, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Susan L Fong
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Alena S Egense
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Catherine Hudon
- Department of Medical Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Antonie D Kline
- Harvey Institute for Human Genetics, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
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18
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Jain S, Narne VK. Auditory Profile of Children With Some Rare Neurodevelopmental Disorders. RESEARCH ANTHOLOGY ON PEDIATRIC AND ADOLESCENT MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.4018/978-1-6684-5360-5.ch014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disorder is an umbrella term comprising many muscular, skeletal, metabolic, endocrinal, systemic, and immune-related diseases, which are caused due to the improper/inaccurate development of the central nervous system. Most of these disorders are highly prevalent, but some express rarely in human beings. Such disorders with least prevalence rates are known as rare neurodevelopmental disorders. The sensory system is affected in all individuals with these rare neurodevelopmental disorders, although to a varying extent. Sensory processing in terms of hearing loss is reported by many researchers in many rare neurodevelopmental disorders, but the pathophysiology of audiological findings are seldom investigated. In this chapter, the authors highlight the possible relationship between underlying cause and the resultant audiological symptoms in some of the rare neurodevelopmental disorders. Further, the research studies on the audiological profiling in such disorders are discussed.
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19
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Shen Y, Zhao D, Sun L, Yang X, Yan X. Congenital vaginal obstruction in a female with Cornelia de Lange syndrome: A case report. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:886235. [PMID: 36093091 PMCID: PMC9453387 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.886235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a rare genetic disease involving multiorgan systems that varies in clinical manifestations. Female genital abnormalities in patients with CdLS are rarely reported, and current guidelines for CdLS contain little information related to female genital abnormalities. We report a case of classic CdLS with an NIPBL gene pathogenic variant in a 4.5-year-old girl who experienced recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) with vesical tenesmus. Urogenital physical and imaging examinations revealed external vaginal orifice obstruction and bilateral vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). Vaginal diaphragm-like tissue resection and vaginal orifice plasty were performed on this patient. The symptoms of urination disorders and recurrent UTIs, as well as VUR grading, improved after relieving the vaginal obstruction during the operation. For female CdLS patients, especially those with VUR, it is necessary to check for genital abnormalities and perform timely treatment, which is of great significance in improving urination disorder symptoms, reducing resistance during voiding, decreasing the occurrence of secondary VUR, and controlling recurrent UTIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiding Shen
- Department of Urology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dongyan Zhao
- Department of Urology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Long Sun
- Department of Urology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiuzhen Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Yan
- Department of Urology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
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20
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Parenti I, Kaiser FJ. Cornelia de Lange Syndrome as Paradigm of Chromatinopathies. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:774950. [PMID: 34803598 PMCID: PMC8603810 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.774950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromatinopathies can be defined as a class of neurodevelopmental disorders caused by mutations affecting proteins responsible for chromatin remodeling and transcriptional regulation. The resulting dysregulation of gene expression favors the onset of a series of clinical features such as developmental delay, intellectual disability, facial dysmorphism, and behavioral disturbances. Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a prime example of a chromatinopathy. It is caused by mutations affecting subunits or regulators of the cohesin complex, a multisubunit protein complex involved in various molecular mechanisms such as sister chromatid cohesion, transcriptional regulation and formation of topologically associated domains. However, disease-causing variants in non-cohesin genes with overlapping functions have also been described in association with CdLS. Notably, the majority of these genes had been previously found responsible for distinct neurodevelopmental disorders that also fall within the category of chromatinopathies and are frequently considered as differential diagnosis for CdLS. In this review, we provide a systematic overview of the current literature to summarize all mutations in non-cohesin genes identified in association with CdLS phenotypes and discuss about the interconnection of proteins belonging to the chromatinopathies network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Parenti
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Frank J Kaiser
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Essener Zentrum für Seltene Erkrankungen (EZSE), Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen, Germany
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21
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Ajmone PF, Allegri B, Cereda A, Michelini G, Dall'Ara F, Mariani M, Rigamonti C, Selicorni A, Vizziello P, Costantino MA. Neuropsychiatric Functioning in CDLS: A Detailed Phenotype and Genotype Correlation. J Autism Dev Disord 2021; 52:4763-4773. [PMID: 34751866 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-021-05343-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Behavioural phenotype and autism-related traits of 38 patients affected by Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) were assessed using a specific neuropsychiatric protocol. Subsequently,we search for possible genotype-phenotype correlations comparing individuals with NIPBL variants and patients with negative molecular results. Firstly results showed a higher percentage of subjects with normal intellectual quotient (IQ) and borderline IQ; adaptive skills were lower than expected for age in all participants. 39.5% of the sample presented with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), NIPBL mutated individuals demonstrated a worse trend in comparison with the clinical diagnosis group. non-truncating individuals displayed no ASD and better communication abilities than truncating individuals. Findings increase our awareness of the strengths and weaknesses points in CdLS individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Francesca Ajmone
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatric Service (UONPIA) Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Pace 9, 20122, Milan, Italy.
| | - Beatrice Allegri
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatric Service (UONPIA) Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Pace 9, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Cereda
- Department of Paediatrics, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Michelini
- Child and Youth Lab, Department of Psychology, Sigmund Freud University, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Dall'Ara
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatric Service (UONPIA) Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Pace 9, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Claudia Rigamonti
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatric Service (UONPIA) Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Pace 9, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Paola Vizziello
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatric Service (UONPIA) Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Pace 9, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Antonella Costantino
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatric Service (UONPIA) Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Pace 9, 20122, Milan, Italy
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22
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Khattar D, Hopkin RJ. Like Mother, Like Daughter: Feeding Intolerance in the NICU. Neoreviews 2021; 22:e774-e777. [PMID: 34725143 DOI: 10.1542/neo.22-11-e774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Divya Khattar
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Robert J Hopkin
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
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23
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The Cohesin Complex and Its Interplay with Non-Coding RNAs. Noncoding RNA 2021; 7:ncrna7040067. [PMID: 34707078 PMCID: PMC8552073 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna7040067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The cohesin complex is a multi-subunit protein complex initially discovered for its role in sister chromatid cohesion. However, cohesin also has several other functions and plays important roles in transcriptional regulation, DNA double strand break repair, and chromosome architecture thereby influencing gene expression and development in organisms from yeast to man. While most of these functions rely on protein–protein interactions, post-translational protein, as well as DNA modifications, non-coding RNAs are emerging as additional players that facilitate and modulate the function or expression of cohesin and its individual components. This review provides a condensed overview about the architecture as well as the function of the cohesin complex and highlights its multifaceted interplay with both short and long non-coding RNAs.
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24
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Parenti I, Mallozzi MB, Hüning I, Gervasini C, Kuechler A, Agolini E, Albrecht B, Baquero-Montoya C, Bohring A, Bramswig NC, Busche A, Dalski A, Guo Y, Hanker B, Hellenbroich Y, Horn D, Innes AM, Leoni C, Li YR, Lynch SA, Mariani M, Medne L, Mikat B, Milani D, Onesimo R, Ortiz-Gonzalez X, Prott EC, Reutter H, Rossier E, Selicorni A, Wieacker P, Wilkens A, Wieczorek D, Zackai EH, Zampino G, Zirn B, Hakonarson H, Deardorff MA, Gillessen-Kaesbach G, Kaiser FJ. ANKRD11 variants: KBG syndrome and beyond. Clin Genet 2021; 100:187-200. [PMID: 33955014 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mutations affecting the transcriptional regulator Ankyrin Repeat Domain 11 (ANKRD11) are mainly associated with the multisystem developmental disorder known as KBG syndrome, but have also been identified in individuals with Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) and other developmental disorders caused by variants affecting different chromatin regulators. The extensive functional overlap of these proteins results in shared phenotypical features, which complicate the assessment of the clinical diagnosis. Additionally, re-evaluation of individuals at a later age occasionally reveals that the initial phenotype has evolved toward clinical features more reminiscent of a developmental disorder different from the one that was initially diagnosed. For this reason, variants in ANKRD11 can be ascribed to a broader class of disorders that fall within the category of the so-called chromatinopathies. In this work, we report on the clinical characterization of 23 individuals with variants in ANKRD11. The subjects present primarily with developmental delay, intellectual disability and dysmorphic features, and all but two received an initial clinical diagnosis of either KBG syndrome or CdLS. The number and the severity of the clinical signs are overlapping but variable and result in a broad spectrum of phenotypes, which could be partially accounted for by the presence of additional molecular diagnoses and distinct pathogenic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Parenti
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Mark B Mallozzi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Irina Hüning
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Cristina Gervasini
- Genetica Medica, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alma Kuechler
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Emanuele Agolini
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Beate Albrecht
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Carolina Baquero-Montoya
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe, Medellín, Colombia
- Genetics Unit, Sura Ayudas Diagnosticas, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Axel Bohring
- Institut für Humangenetik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, Germany
| | - Nuria C Bramswig
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Andreas Busche
- Institut für Humangenetik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, Germany
| | - Andreas Dalski
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Yiran Guo
- Center for Applied Genomics and Center for Data Driven Discovery in Biomedicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Britta Hanker
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Denise Horn
- Institute of Medical and Human Genetics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Micheil Innes
- Department of Medical Genetics and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Chiara Leoni
- Center for Rare Diseases and Birth Defects, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Yun R Li
- Center for Applied Genomics and Center for Data Driven Discovery in Biomedicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sally Ann Lynch
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Children's Health Ireland (CHI) at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Milena Mariani
- Centro Fondazione Mariani per il Bambino Fragile ASST-Lariana Sant'Anna Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, San Fermo della Battaglia (Como), Italy
| | - Livija Medne
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Barbara Mikat
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Donatella Milani
- Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Onesimo
- Center for Rare Diseases and Birth Defects, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Xilma Ortiz-Gonzalez
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, Epilepsy Neurogenetics Initiative, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Eva Christina Prott
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Institut für Praenatale Medizin & Humangenetik, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Heiko Reutter
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eva Rossier
- Institut für Medizinische Genetik und Angewandte Genomik, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Genetikum Stuttgart, Genetic Counselling and Diagnostics, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Angelo Selicorni
- Centro Fondazione Mariani per il Bambino Fragile ASST-Lariana Sant'Anna Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, San Fermo della Battaglia (Como), Italy
| | - Peter Wieacker
- Institut für Humangenetik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, Germany
| | - Alisha Wilkens
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dagmar Wieczorek
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Elaine H Zackai
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Giuseppe Zampino
- Center for Rare Diseases and Birth Defects, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Birgit Zirn
- Genetikum Stuttgart, Genetic Counselling and Diagnostics, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics and Center for Data Driven Discovery in Biomedicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Matthew A Deardorff
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | | - Frank J Kaiser
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Essener Zentrum für Seltene Erkrankungen (EZSE), Universitätsmedizin Essen, Essen, Germany
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25
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Selicorni A, Mariani M, Lettieri A, Massa V. Cornelia de Lange Syndrome: From a Disease to a Broader Spectrum. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:1075. [PMID: 34356091 PMCID: PMC8307173 DOI: 10.3390/genes12071075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a genetic disease that exemplifies the evolution of knowledge in the field of rare genetic disorders. Originally described as a unique pattern of major and minor anomalies, over time this syndrome has been shown to be characterized by a significant variability of clinical expression. By increasing the number of patients described, knowledge of the natural history of the condition has been enriched with the demonstration of the relative frequency of various potential comorbidities. Since 2006, the discovery of CdLS's molecular basis has shown an equally vast genetic heterogeneity linked to the presence of variants in genes encoding for the cohesin complex pathway. The most recent clinical-genetic data led to the classification of the "original syndrome" into a "clinical spectrum" that foresees the presence of classic patients, of non-classic forms, and of conditions that show a modest phenotypic overlapping with the original disease. Finally, the knowledge of the molecular basis of the disease has allowed the development of basic research projects that could lay the foundations for the development of possible innovative pharmacological treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Selicorni
- Mariani Foundation Center for Fragile Child, Pediatric Unit ASST Lariana, 22100 Como, Italy;
| | - Milena Mariani
- Mariani Foundation Center for Fragile Child, Pediatric Unit ASST Lariana, 22100 Como, Italy;
| | - Antonella Lettieri
- Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142 Milano, Italy; (A.L.); (V.M.)
- CRC Aldo Ravelli for Neurotechnology and Experimental Brain Therapeutics, Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142 Milano, Italy
| | - Valentina Massa
- Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142 Milano, Italy; (A.L.); (V.M.)
- CRC Aldo Ravelli for Neurotechnology and Experimental Brain Therapeutics, Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142 Milano, Italy
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26
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Gu W, Wang L, Gu R, Ouyang H, Bao B, Zheng L, Xu B. Defects of cohesin loader lead to bone dysplasia associated with transcriptional disturbance. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:8208-8225. [PMID: 34170011 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cohesin loader nipped-B-like protein (Nipbl) is increasingly recognized for its important role in development and cancer. Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (CdLS), mostly caused by heterozygous mutations of Nipbl, is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by multiorgan malformations. However, the regulatory role and underlying mechanism of Nipbl in skeletal development remain largely elusive. In this study, we constructed a Nipbl-a Cas9-knockout (KO) zebrafish, which displayed severe retardation of global growth and skeletal development. Deficiency of Nipbl remarkably compromised cell growth and survival, and osteogenic differentiation of mammalian osteoblast precursors. Furthermore, Nipbl depletion impaired the cell cycle process, and caused DNA damage accumulation and cellular senescence. In addition, nucleolar fibrillarin expression, global rRNA biogenesis, and protein translation were defective in the Nipbl-depleted osteoblast precursors. Interestingly, an integrated stress response inhibitor (ISRIB), partially rescued Nipbl depletion-induced cellular defects in proliferation and apoptosis, osteogenesis, and nucleolar function. Simultaneously, we performed transcriptome analysis of Nipbl deficiency on human neural crest cells and mouse embryonic fibroblasts in combination with Nipbl ChIP-Seq. We found that Nipbl deficiency caused thousands of differentially expressed genes including some important genes in bone and cartilage development. In conclusion, Nipbl deficiency compromised skeleton development through impairing osteoblast precursor cell proliferation and survival, and osteogenic differentiation, and also disturbing the expression of some osteogenesis-regulatory genes. Our study elucidated that Nipbl played a pivotal role in skeleton development, and supported the fact that treatment of ISRIB may provide an early intervention strategy to alleviate the bone dysplasia of CdLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihuai Gu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Institute of Stomatological Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lihong Wang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Institute of Stomatological Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Renjie Gu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Institute of Stomatological Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huiya Ouyang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Institute of Stomatological Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Baicheng Bao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Orthodontic Department, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liwei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Baoshan Xu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Institute of Stomatological Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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27
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Pearson E, Nielsen E, Kita S, Groves L, Nelson L, Moss J, Oliver C. Low speech rate but high gesture rate during conversational interaction in people with Cornelia de Lange syndrome. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH : JIDR 2021; 65:601-607. [PMID: 33694205 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cornelia de Lange syndrsome (CdLS) is a rare genetic syndrome with notable impaired expressive communication characterised by reduced spoken language. We examined gesture use to refine the description of expressive communication impairments in CdLS. METHODS During conversations, we compared gesture use in people with CdLS to peers with Down syndrome (DS) matched for receptive language and adaptive ability, and typically developing (TD) individuals of similar chronological age. RESULTS As anticipated the DS and CdLS groups used fewer words during conversation than TD peers (P < .001). However, the CdLS group used twice the number of gestures per 100 words compared with the DS and TD groups (P = .003). CONCLUSIONS Individuals with CdLS have a significantly higher gesture rate than expected given their level of intellectual disability and chronological age. This result indicates the cause of reduced use of spoken language does not extend to all forms of expressive communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Pearson
- Cerebra Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- School of Psychology, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - E Nielsen
- Cerebra Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - S Kita
- Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - L Groves
- Cerebra Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - L Nelson
- Cerebra Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, UK
| | - J Moss
- Cerebra Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Surrey, UK
| | - C Oliver
- Cerebra Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Ashworth M, Palikara O, Burchell E, Purser H, Nikolla D, Van Herwegen J. Online and Face-to-Face Performance on Two Cognitive Tasks in Children With Williams Syndrome. Front Psychol 2021; 11:594465. [PMID: 33613354 PMCID: PMC7889503 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.594465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been an increase in cognitive assessment via the Internet, especially since the coronavirus disease 2019 surged the need for remote psychological assessment. This is the first study to investigate the appropriability of conducting cognitive assessments online with children with a neurodevelopmental condition and intellectual disability, namely, Williams syndrome. This study compared Raven’s Colored Progressive Matrices (RCPM) and British Picture Vocabulary Scale (BPVS) scores from two different groups of children with WS age 10–11 years who were assessed online (n = 14) or face-to-face (RCPM n = 12; BPVS n = 24). Bayesian t-tests showed that children’s RCPM scores were similar across testing conditions, but suggested BPVS scores were higher for participants assessed online. The differences between task protocols are discussed in line with these findings, as well as the implications for neurodevelopmental research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ashworth
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, UCL Institute of Education, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Olympia Palikara
- Department of Education Studies, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Burchell
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Harry Purser
- Department of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Dritan Nikolla
- Department of Psychology, Kingston University, Kingston upon Thames, United Kingdom
| | - Jo Van Herwegen
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, UCL Institute of Education, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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29
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Li R, Tian B, Liang H, Chen M, Yang H, Wang L, Pan H, Zhu H. A Chinese Case of Cornelia de Lange Syndrome Caused by a Pathogenic Variant in SMC3 and a Literature Review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:604500. [PMID: 34659104 PMCID: PMC8515141 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.604500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a rare congenital developmental disorder, and cases caused by variants in SMC3 are infrequent. This article describes a case of CdLS related to a pathogenic variant in SMC3 and performs a literature review. METHODS We collected clinical data and biological samples from a 12-year-old boy with "short stature for 11 years". Gene variants in the proband were detected by whole-exome sequencing, and the variants in his parents were verified by Sanger sequencing. All SMC3-related CdLS patients from the PubMed and Web of Science databases were collected and summarized using the available data. RESULTS A pathogenic variant in SMC3 in the proband, c.1942A>G, was identified. Neither of his parents carried the same variant. Twenty-eight patients were diagnosed with CdLS with variants in SMC3, including the cases in this study and those reported in the literature, where half of the variant types were missense, followed by 32% (9/28) with a deletion and 11% (3/28) with a duplication. All patients showed symptoms of verbal development delay and intellectual disability to different degrees, and 90% patients had long eyelashes while 89% patients had arched eyebrows. CONCLUSION This study summarized different gene variants in SMC3 and the frequencies of the various clinical manifestations according to the reported literature. For CdLS caused by SMC3 variants, short stature and facial dysmorphic features are the two most important clinical clues. Definite diagnosis of this rare disease may be challenging clinically; thus, it is significant to use molecular diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Li
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bowen Tian
- Department of Internal Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hanting Liang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Meiping Chen
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hongbo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Linjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Pan
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Huijuan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Huijuan Zhu,
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30
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Li Q, Chang G, Yin L, Li J, Huang X, Shen Y, Li G, Xu Y, Wang J, Wang X. Clinical and molecular analysis in a cohort of Chinese children with Cornelia de Lange syndrome. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21224. [PMID: 33277604 PMCID: PMC7718889 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78205-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (CdLS) is a rare genetic disorder, which causes a range of physical, cognitive, and medical challenges. To retrospectively analyze the clinical characteristics and genetic variations of Chinese patients, and to provide experience for further diagnosis and treatment of CdLS in Chinese children, we identified 15 unrelated Chinese children who presented with unusual facial features, short stature, developmental delay, limb abnormalities, and a wide range of health conditions. In this study, targeted-next generation sequencing was used to screen for causal variants and the clinically relevant variants were subsequently verified using Sanger sequencing. DNA sequencing identified 15 genetic variations, including 11 NIPBL gene variants, two SMC1A gene variants, one RAD21 gene variant, and one HDAC8 variant. The phenotype of these patients was summarized and differences between this cohort and another four groups were compared. The clinical manifestations of the patients in this cohort were mostly consistent with other ethnicities, but several clinical features in our cohort had different frequencies compared with other groups. We identified 15 deleterious variants of which 11 were novel. Variants in the NIPBL gene were the most common cause in our cohort. Our study not only expands upon the spectrum of genetic variations in CdLS, but also broadens our understanding of the clinical features of CdLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Guoying Chang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Lei Yin
- Department of Rare Disease Clinic, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Xiaodong Huang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yongnian Shen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Guoqiang Li
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yufei Xu
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiumin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127, China.
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31
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Liu C, Li X, Cui J, Dong R, Lv Y, Wang D, Zhang H, Li X, Li Z, Ma J, Liu Y, Gai Z. Analysis of clinical and genetic characteristics in 10 Chinese individuals with Cornelia de Lange syndrome and literature review. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2020; 8:e1471. [PMID: 32856424 PMCID: PMC7549606 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a rare congenital developmental disorder with variable multisystem involvement and genetic heterogeneity. We aimed to analyze the clinical and genetic characteristics of Chinese individuals with CdLS. Methods We collected data regarding the neonatal period, maternal status, clinical manifestation, including facial dimorphisms and development, and follow‐up treatment for individuals diagnosed with CdLS. In individuals with suspected CdLS, high‐throughput sequencing, Sanger sequencing, and real‐time qualitative PCR were used to verify the diagnosis. Results Variants, including six that were novel, were concentrated in the NIPBL (70%), HDAC8 (20%), and SMC3 (10%) genes. We found two nonsense, three splicing, and two deletion variants in NIPBL; a missense variant and an absence variant in HDAC8; and a missense variant in SMC3. Eleven cardinal features of CdLS were present in more than 80% of Chinese individuals. Compared with non‐Chinese individuals of diverse ancestry, there were significant differences in the clinical characteristics of eight of these features. Conclusion Six novel pathological variants were identified; thus, the study expanded the gene variant spectrum. Furthermore, most cardinal features of CdLS found in Chinese individuals were also found in individuals from other countries. However, there were significant differences in eight clinical features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Liu
- Department of Neonatology, Pediatric Research Institute, Qilu Children's Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Neonatology, Pediatric Research Institute, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoying Li
- Department of Neonatology, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Cui
- Department of Neonatology, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Rui Dong
- Pediatric Research Institute, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yvqiang Lv
- Pediatric Research Institute, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Pediatric Research Institute, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- Pediatric Research Institute, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaomei Li
- Department of Neonatology, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zilong Li
- Pediatric Research Institute, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jian Ma
- Pediatric Research Institute, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Pediatric Research Institute, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhongtao Gai
- Department of Neonatology, Pediatric Research Institute, Qilu Children's Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Neonatology, Pediatric Research Institute, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, China
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32
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van Schie JJM, Faramarz A, Balk JA, Stewart GS, Cantelli E, Oostra AB, Rooimans MA, Parish JL, de Almeida Estéves C, Dumic K, Barisic I, Diderich KEM, van Slegtenhorst MA, Mahtab M, Pisani FM, Te Riele H, Ameziane N, Wolthuis RMF, de Lange J. Warsaw Breakage Syndrome associated DDX11 helicase resolves G-quadruplex structures to support sister chromatid cohesion. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4287. [PMID: 32855419 PMCID: PMC7452896 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18066-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Warsaw Breakage Syndrome (WABS) is a rare disorder related to cohesinopathies and Fanconi anemia, caused by bi-allelic mutations in DDX11. Here, we report multiple compound heterozygous WABS cases, each displaying destabilized DDX11 protein and residual DDX11 function at the cellular level. Patient-derived cell lines exhibit sensitivity to topoisomerase and PARP inhibitors, defective sister chromatid cohesion and reduced DNA replication fork speed. Deleting DDX11 in RPE1-TERT cells inhibits proliferation and survival in a TP53-dependent manner and causes chromosome breaks and cohesion defects, independent of the expressed pseudogene DDX12p. Importantly, G-quadruplex (G4) stabilizing compounds induce chromosome breaks and cohesion defects which are strongly aggravated by inactivation of DDX11 but not FANCJ. The DNA helicase domain of DDX11 is essential for sister chromatid cohesion and resistance to G4 stabilizers. We propose that DDX11 is a DNA helicase protecting against G4 induced double-stranded breaks and concomitant loss of cohesion, possibly at DNA replication forks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janne J M van Schie
- Section of Oncogenetics, Cancer Center Amsterdam and Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, De Boelelaan 1118, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Atiq Faramarz
- Section of Oncogenetics, Cancer Center Amsterdam and Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, De Boelelaan 1118, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jesper A Balk
- Section of Oncogenetics, Cancer Center Amsterdam and Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, De Boelelaan 1118, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Grant S Stewart
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Erika Cantelli
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anneke B Oostra
- Section of Oncogenetics, Cancer Center Amsterdam and Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, De Boelelaan 1118, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Martin A Rooimans
- Section of Oncogenetics, Cancer Center Amsterdam and Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, De Boelelaan 1118, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joanna L Parish
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | | | - Katja Dumic
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, University of Zagreb Medical School, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ingeborg Barisic
- Children's Hospital Zagreb, Center of Excellence for Reproductive and Regenerative Medicine, Medical School University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Karin E M Diderich
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Mohammad Mahtab
- Istituto di Biochimica e Biologia Cellulare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca M Pisani
- Istituto di Biochimica e Biologia Cellulare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy
| | - Hein Te Riele
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Najim Ameziane
- Section of Oncogenetics, Cancer Center Amsterdam and Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, De Boelelaan 1118, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Centogene, Am Strande 7, 18055, Rostock, Germany
| | - Rob M F Wolthuis
- Section of Oncogenetics, Cancer Center Amsterdam and Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, De Boelelaan 1118, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Job de Lange
- Section of Oncogenetics, Cancer Center Amsterdam and Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, De Boelelaan 1118, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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33
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Zhou P, Zhu L, Fan QL, Chen L. [Interpretation of the first international consensus for Cornelia de Lange syndrome]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2020; 22:815-820. [PMID: 32800026 PMCID: PMC7441513 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2002010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a genetic syndrome with severe neurodevelopmental disorders as the main manifestation. Its clinical manifestations included mental retardation, typical facial features, intrauterine and postnatal developmental delay, and deformity in multiple organs and systems, with an incidence rate of about 1/10000 to 1/30000. International CdLS Consensus Group was established in 2017 and issued the first international consensus on CdLS, i.e., "Diagnosis and management of Cornelia de Lange syndrome: first international consensus statement", in July 2018. Being developed through a modified Delphi consensus process, this consensus provides guidance on the diagnosis and management of children with CdLS. This article gives an interpretation of this consensus, aiming to help clinicians with early identification, diagnosis, standard follow-up, and management of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhou
- Growth, Development and Mental Health Center for Child and Adolescent, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University/National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders/China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders/Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Chongqing 400014, China.
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34
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Thompson W, Carey PZ, Donald T, Nelson B, Bhoj EJ, Li D, Hakonarson H, Ramirez M, Elsea SH, Smith JL, Carey JC, Sobering AK. Application of exome sequencing to diagnose a novel presentation of the Cornelia de Lange syndrome in an Afro-Caribbean family. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2020; 8:e1318. [PMID: 32511891 PMCID: PMC7434751 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) comprises a recognizable pattern of multiple congenital anomalies caused by variants of the DNA cohesion complex. Affected individuals may display a wide range of phenotypic severity, even within the same family. METHODS Exome sequencing and confirmatory Sanger sequencing showed the same previously described p.Arg629Ter NIPBL variant in two half-brothers affected with CdLS. Clinical evaluations were obtained in a pro bono genetics clinic. RESULTS One brother had relatively mild proportionate limb shortening; the other had complete bilateral hypogenesis of the upper arm with absence of lower arm structures, terminal transverse defects, and no digit remnants. His complex lower limb presentation included long bone deficiency and a deviated left foot. The mother had intellectual disability and microcephaly but lacked facial features diagnostic of the CdLS. CONCLUSION We describe a collaboration between a pediatrics team from a resource-limited nation and USA-based medical geneticists. Reports describing individuals of West Indian ancestry are rarely found in the medical literature. Here, we present a family of Afro-Caribbean ancestry with CdLS presenting with phenotypic variability, including unusual lower limb abnormalities. The observation of this novel family adds to our knowledge of the phenotypic and molecular aspects of CdLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne Thompson
- Department of Biochemistry, St. George's University School of Medicine, St. George's, Grenada
| | - Patrick Z Carey
- Department of Biochemistry, St. George's University School of Medicine, St. George's, Grenada
| | - Tyhiesia Donald
- Pediatrics Ward, Grenada General Hospital, St. George's, Grenada.,Clinical Teaching Unit, St. George's University School of Medicine, St. George's, Grenada
| | - Beverly Nelson
- Pediatrics Ward, Grenada General Hospital, St. George's, Grenada.,Clinical Teaching Unit, St. George's University School of Medicine, St. George's, Grenada
| | - Elizabeth J Bhoj
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Dong Li
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Maricela Ramirez
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sarah H Elsea
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Janice L Smith
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - John C Carey
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Andrew K Sobering
- Department of Biochemistry, St. George's University School of Medicine, St. George's, Grenada
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35
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Parma B, Cianci P, Mariani M, Cereda A, Panceri R, Fossati C, Maestri L, Macchini F, Onesimo R, Zampino G, Betalli P, Cheli M, Selicorni A. Nissen fundoplication in Cornelia de Lange syndrome spectrum: Who are the potential candidates? Am J Med Genet A 2020; 182:1697-1703. [PMID: 32436647 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Cornelia de Lange spectrum (CdLSp) is a rare genetic condition characterized by intellectual disability, facial dysmorphisms, major malformations, growth impairment, and development delay. Approximately 80% of CdLSp patients have gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) with a varied clinical presentation. The aim of this study is to define potential clinical/genetic risk factors based on the clinical phenotype description of CdLSp patients with severe GERD who underwent surgical treatment. We retrospectively collected data from 23 CdLSp patients, 13 females and 10 males. Mean age of the patients undergoing surgical treatment was of 4 years. 21/23 (91%) had a molecular characterization, of which 21/21 (100%) had a NIPBL gene mutation, while 2/23 (9%) did not have a genetical characterization, only a clinical diagnosis. Most of our patients presented a moderate-severe severity score (21/23, 91%) with limb malformations evidenced in 10/23 (44%) of our patients and a moderate-severe intellectual disability in 20/23 (87%). Therefore, CdLSp patients harboring NIPBL variants, upper limb malformations and severe psychomotor delay are more likely to suffer from severe GERD, not responsive to proton pump inhibitors treatment. These features should be considered as clinical markers for potentially severe GERD that might require surgical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Parma
- Department of Pediatrics, ASST-Lariana, "Sant'Anna" Hospital, Como, Italy
| | - Paola Cianci
- Department of Pediatrics, ASST-Lariana, "Sant'Anna" Hospital, Como, Italy.,Woman and Child Department, "F. Del Ponte" Hospital, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Milena Mariani
- Department of Pediatrics, ASST-Lariana, "Sant'Anna" Hospital, Como, Italy.,Clinical Paediatric Genetics Unit, MBBM Foundation, "S. Gerardo" Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Anna Cereda
- Department of Pediatrics, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Roberto Panceri
- Department of Pediatrics, MBBM Foundation, "S.Gerardo" Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Chiara Fossati
- Clinical Paediatric Genetics Unit, MBBM Foundation, "S. Gerardo" Hospital, Monza, Italy.,Department of Pediatrics, MBBM Foundation, "S.Gerardo" Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Luciano Maestri
- Pediatric Surgery Department, "V. Buzzi" Children's Hospital, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Macchini
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Onesimo
- Center for Rare Diseases and Birth Defects, Woman and Child Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Zampino
- Center for Rare Diseases and Birth Defects, Woman and Child Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Pietro Betalli
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Maurizio Cheli
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Angelo Selicorni
- Department of Pediatrics, ASST-Lariana, "Sant'Anna" Hospital, Como, Italy
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36
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Parenti I, Diab F, Gil SR, Mulugeta E, Casa V, Berutti R, Brouwer RWW, Dupé V, Eckhold J, Graf E, Puisac B, Ramos F, Schwarzmayr T, Gines MM, van Staveren T, van IJcken WFJ, Strom TM, Pié J, Watrin E, Kaiser FJ, Wendt KS. MAU2 and NIPBL Variants Impair the Heterodimerization of the Cohesin Loader Subunits and Cause Cornelia de Lange Syndrome. Cell Rep 2020; 31:107647. [PMID: 32433956 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The NIPBL/MAU2 heterodimer loads cohesin onto chromatin. Mutations in NIPBL account for most cases of the rare developmental disorder Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS). Here we report a MAU2 variant causing CdLS, a deletion of seven amino acids that impairs the interaction between MAU2 and the NIPBL N terminus. Investigating this interaction, we discovered that MAU2 and the NIPBL N terminus are largely dispensable for normal cohesin and NIPBL function in cells with a NIPBL early truncating mutation. Despite a predicted fatal outcome of an out-of-frame single nucleotide duplication in NIPBL, engineered in two different cell lines, alternative translation initiation yields a form of NIPBL missing N-terminal residues. This form cannot interact with MAU2, but binds DNA and mediates cohesin loading. Altogether, our work reveals that cohesin loading can occur independently of functional NIPBL/MAU2 complexes and highlights a novel mechanism protective against out-of-frame mutations that is potentially relevant for other genetic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Parenti
- Sektion für Funktionelle Genetik am Institut für Humangenetik Lübeck, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; Institute of Science and Technology (IST) Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Farah Diab
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR6290, Rennes, France; Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes, Université de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Sara Ruiz Gil
- Sektion für Funktionelle Genetik am Institut für Humangenetik Lübeck, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Valentina Casa
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Riccardo Berutti
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Rutger W W Brouwer
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Cell Biology, Center for Biomics, the Netherlands
| | - Valerie Dupé
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR6290, Rennes, France; Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes, Université de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Juliane Eckhold
- Sektion für Funktionelle Genetik am Institut für Humangenetik Lübeck, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Graf
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Beatriz Puisac
- Unit of Clinical Genetics and Functional Genomics, Department of Pharmacology-Physiology and Paediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, CIBERER-GCV02 and ISS-Aragon, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Feliciano Ramos
- Unit of Clinical Genetics and Functional Genomics, Department of Pharmacology-Physiology and Paediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, CIBERER-GCV02 and ISS-Aragon, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Thomas Schwarzmayr
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Wilfred F J van IJcken
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Cell Biology, Center for Biomics, the Netherlands
| | - Tim M Strom
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Juan Pié
- Unit of Clinical Genetics and Functional Genomics, Department of Pharmacology-Physiology and Paediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, CIBERER-GCV02 and ISS-Aragon, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Erwan Watrin
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR6290, Rennes, France; Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes, Université de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Frank J Kaiser
- Sektion für Funktionelle Genetik am Institut für Humangenetik Lübeck, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; DZHK e.V. (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
| | - Kerstin S Wendt
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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A 16-Day-Old Infant with a Clinical Diagnosis of Classical Cornelia de Lange Syndrome. Case Rep Pediatr 2020; 2020:6482938. [PMID: 32328333 PMCID: PMC7171661 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6482938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a rare syndromic genetic disorder characterized by multiple congenital anomalies with upper limb reduction defects, along with cardiac, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary defects. It is caused by genetic variations in the chromatin regulator genes, most commonly, the cohesin complex. Even though molecular genetic testing is highly recommended to confirm the diagnosis, high costs and unavailability in some settings are significant setbacks, and clinical criteria could be used. The typical craniofacial features include generalized hirsutism, synophrys, microbrachycephaly, highly arched eyebrows, and long eyelashes, along with height and weight below the 5th percentile. In this paper, we present a case of a 16-day-old male infant in whom a clinical diagnosis of classical CdLS was made.
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Thanh DC, Ngoc CTB, Nguyen NL, Vu CD, Tung NV, Nguyen HH. De novo NIPBL Mutations in Vietnamese Patients with Cornelia de Lange Syndrome. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 56:medicina56020076. [PMID: 32074972 PMCID: PMC7073647 DOI: 10.3390/medicina56020076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (CdLS) is a rare congenital genetic disease causing abnormal unique facial phenotypes, several defects in organs and body parts, and mental disorder or intellectual disorder traits. Main causes of CdLS have been reported as variants in cohesin complex genes, in which mutations in the NIPBL gene have been estimated to account for up to 80%. Our study included three Vietnamese patients with typical CdLS phenotypes. Whole exome sequencing revealed two known heterozygous mutations c.6697G>A (p.Val2233Met) and c.2602C>T (p.Arg868X), and a novel heterozygous mutation c.4504delG (p.Val1502fsX87) in the NIPBL gene of the three patients. In silico analyses of the identified mutations predicted possible damaging and truncating effects on the NIPBL protein. Inherited analyses in the patients' families showed that all of the mutations are de novo. Our results lead a definitive diagnosis of patients with CdLS and expand the spectrum of mutations in the NIPBL gene. These findings also confirm whole exome sequencing is an efficient tool for genetic screening of CdLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duong Chi Thanh
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet str., Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (D.C.T.); (N.-L.N.); (N.V.T.)
| | - Can Thi Bich Ngoc
- Center for Rare Diseases and Newborn Screening, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Genetics, Vietnam National Hospital of Pediatrics, 18/879 La Thanh str., Dong Da, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (C.T.B.N.); (C.D.V.)
| | - Ngoc-Lan Nguyen
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet str., Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (D.C.T.); (N.-L.N.); (N.V.T.)
| | - Chi Dung Vu
- Center for Rare Diseases and Newborn Screening, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Genetics, Vietnam National Hospital of Pediatrics, 18/879 La Thanh str., Dong Da, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (C.T.B.N.); (C.D.V.)
| | - Nguyen Van Tung
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet str., Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (D.C.T.); (N.-L.N.); (N.V.T.)
| | - Huy Hoang Nguyen
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet str., Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (D.C.T.); (N.-L.N.); (N.V.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +84-243-7918012
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Ayerza-Casas A, Puisac-Uriol B, Pie-Juste J. Cornelia de Lange syndrome: Ventricular size and function in six children without congenital heart defects. Med Clin (Barc) 2020; 154:67-68. [PMID: 30470439 DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ariadna Ayerza-Casas
- Unidad de Cardiología Pediátrica, Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, España; Unidad de Genética Clínica y Genómica Funcional, Departamento de Farmacología-Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Zaragoza. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS)-Aragón, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)-GCV02, Zaragoza, España
| | - Beatriz Puisac-Uriol
- Unidad de Genética Clínica y Genómica Funcional, Departamento de Farmacología-Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Zaragoza. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS)-Aragón, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)-GCV02, Zaragoza, España
| | - Juan Pie-Juste
- Unidad de Genética Clínica y Genómica Funcional, Departamento de Farmacología-Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Zaragoza. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS)-Aragón, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER)-GCV02, Zaragoza, España.
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Albizua I, Chopra P, Sherman SL, Gambello MJ, Warren ST. Analysis of the genomic expression profile in trisomy 18: insight into possible genes involved in the associated phenotypes. Hum Mol Genet 2020; 29:238-247. [PMID: 31813999 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddz279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Trisomy 18, sometimes called Edwards syndrome, occurs in about 1 in 6000 live births and causes multiple birth defects in affected infants. The extra copy of chromosome 18 causes the altered expression of many genes and leads to severe skeletal, cardiovascular and neurological systems malformations as well as other medical problems. Due to the low rate of survival and the massive genetic imbalance, little research has been aimed at understanding the molecular consequences of trisomy 18 or considering potential therapeutic approaches. Our research is the first study to characterize whole-genome expression in fibroblast cells obtained from two patients with trisomy 18 and two matched controls, with follow-up expression confirmation studies on six independent controls. We show a detailed analysis of the most highly dysregulated genes on chromosome 18 and those genome-wide. The identified effector genes and the dysregulated downstream pathways provide hints of possible genotype-phenotype relationships to some of the most common symptoms observed in trisomy 18. We also provide a possible explanation for the sex-specific differences in survival, a unique characteristic of trisomy 18. Our analysis of genome-wide expression data moves us closer to understanding the molecular consequences of the second most common human autosomal trisomy of infants who survive to term. These insights might also translate to the understanding of the etiology of associated birth defects and medical conditions among those with trisomy 18.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Albizua
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, 30322, USA
| | - Pankaj Chopra
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, 30322, USA
| | - Stephanie L Sherman
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, 30322, USA
| | - Michael J Gambello
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, 30322, USA
| | - Stephen T Warren
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, 30322, USA
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Yadav R, Srivastava P. Establishment of resveratrol and its derivatives as neuroprotectant against monocrotophos-induced alteration in NIPBL and POU4F1 protein through molecular docking studies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:291-304. [PMID: 31786755 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06806-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Monocrotophos (MCP) is a broad spectrum organophosphorus insecticide, which is widely used as foliar spray to the different important crops. MCP may reach the soil and the aquatic environment directly or indirectly during and after the application, which leads to the different environmental issues. MCP is found to be associated with neurotoxicity and its toxic effects have been monitored during different stages of neuronal development. Identification of gene expression in MCP-induced neurotoxicity during neuronal developmental stage is a major area of genomic research interest. In accordance with this identification, screening of potential neuroprotective, natural resources are also required as a preventive aspects by targeting the impaired genes. In this current course of work, microarray experiment has been used to identify genes that were expressed in monocrotophos (MCP)-induced mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and also the neuroprotectant activity of RV on MCP-exposed MSCs. Microarray experiment data have been deposited in NCBI's Gene Expression Omnibus database and are accessible through GEO Series accession number GSE121261. In this paper, we have discussed two important genes NIPBL (nipped-B-like protein) and POU4F1 (POU domain, class 4, transcription factor 1). These genes were found to be significantly expressed in MCP-exposed MSC and show minimum expression in presence of RV. Homology modelling and docking study was done to identify the interaction and binding affinity of resveratrol and its derivatives with NIPBL and POU4F1 protein. Docking analysis shows that RV and its derivatives have strong interaction with NIPBL and POU4F1 protein hence proves the significance of resveratrol as potential neuroprotectant. This paper highlights the hazardous impact of MCP on neuronal development disorders and repairing potentiality of RV and its derivatives on altered genes involved in neuronal diseases. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Yadav
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, U.P., India
| | - Prachi Srivastava
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, U.P., India.
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Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms and Psychopathological Profile in Children and Adolescents with KBG syndrome. Brain Sci 2019; 9:brainsci9110313. [PMID: 31703437 PMCID: PMC6895923 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci9110313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
KBG syndrome is a rare multisystem developmental disorder caused by ankyrin repeat domain-containing protein 11 (ANKRD11) gene haploinsufficiency, resulting from either intragenic loss-of-function mutations or microdeletions encompassing the gene. Concerning the behavioral phenotype, a limited amount of research has been focused on attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder, autistic-like features, anxiety and impairments in emotion regulation, and no study has provided a systematic assessment. The aim of the present work is to investigate the psychopathological profile in children, adolescents, and young adults with KBG syndrome. Seventeen subjects with molecularly confirmed diagnoses were evaluated to investigate cognitive abilities and psychopathological features. Parametric and nonparametric indexes were used to describe the patient cohort according to type and distribution of specific measures. The KBG subjects were characterized by a low mean IQ score, with a distribution characterized by a variability similar to that occurring in the general population. Prevalence of neuropsychiatric disorders were computed as well as the corresponding confidence intervals to compare their prevalence to that reported for the general population. The KBG subjects were characterized by higher prevalence of obsessive-compulsive, tic, depressive and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders. Obsessive-compulsive disorder is a peculiar aspect characterizing the psychopathological profile of KBG patients, which does not seem to be related to the cognitive level. The present study provides new relevant information towards the definition of a psychopathological phenotype of KBG syndromes useful to plan a better treatment for patients.
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Watkins A, Bissell S, Moss J, Oliver C, Clayton-Smith J, Haye L, Heald M, Welham A. Behavioural and psychological characteristics in Pitt-Hopkins syndrome: a comparison with Angelman and Cornelia de Lange syndromes. J Neurodev Disord 2019; 11:24. [PMID: 31586495 PMCID: PMC6778364 DOI: 10.1186/s11689-019-9282-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pitt-Hopkins syndrome (PTHS) is a genetic neurodevelopmental disorder associated with intellectual disability. Although the genetic mechanisms underlying the disorder have been identified, description of its behavioural phenotype is in its infancy. In this study, reported behavioural and psychological characteristics of individuals with PTHS were investigated in comparison with the reported behaviour of age-matched individuals with Angelman syndrome (AS) and Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS). Methods Questionnaire data were collected from parents/caregivers of individuals with PTHS (n = 24), assessing behaviours associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), sociability, mood, repetitive behaviour, sensory processing, challenging behaviours and overactivity and impulsivity. For most measures, data were compared to data for people with AS (n = 24) and CdLS (n = 24) individually matched by adaptive ability, age and sex. Results Individuals with PTHS evidenced significantly higher levels of difficulties with social communication and reciprocal social interaction than individuals with AS, with 21 of 22 participants with PTHS meeting criteria indicative of ASD on a screening instrument. Individuals with PTHS were reported to be less sociable with familiar and unfamiliar people than individuals with AS, but more sociable with unfamiliar people than individuals with CdLS. Data also suggested areas of atypicality in sensory experiences. Challenging behaviours were reported frequently in PTHS, with self-injury (70.8%) occurring at significantly higher rates than in AS (41.7%) and aggression (54.2%) occurring at significantly higher rates than in CdLS (25%). Individuals with PTHS also evidenced lower reported mood than individuals with AS. Conclusions Behaviours which may be characteristic of PTHS include those associated with ASD, including deficits in social communication and reciprocal social interaction. High rates of aggression and self-injurious behaviour compared to other genetic syndrome groups are of potential clinical significance and warrant further investigation. An atypical sensory profile may also be evident in PTHS. The specific aetiology of and relationships between different behavioural and psychological atypicalities in PTHS, and effective clinical management of these, present potential topics for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Watkins
- Cerebra Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK. .,Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Stacey Bissell
- Cerebra Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jo Moss
- Cerebra Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK
| | - Chris Oliver
- Cerebra Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jill Clayton-Smith
- Division of Evolution & Genomic Sciences, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Lorraine Haye
- Cerebra Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Mary Heald
- Cerebra Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Alice Welham
- Cerebra Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Department of Psychology, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
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Sharma M, Hu X, Geddes GC, Acharya K. Microcephalic Newborn with Forehead Nevus Flammeus, Bulging Eyes, and Clenched Fists. Neoreviews 2019; 20:e170-e173. [PMID: 31261057 DOI: 10.1542/neo.20-3-e170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Megha Sharma
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR
| | - Xiangxin Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | | | - Krishna Acharya
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
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Zhang BN, Wong TCB, Yip YWY, Liu Z, Wang C, Wong JSC, He JN, Chan TCY, Jhanji V, Pang CP, Zhao H, Chu WK. A sclerocornea-associated RAD21 variant induces corneal stroma disorganization. Exp Eye Res 2019; 185:107687. [PMID: 31173765 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Sclerocornea is a cornea opacification disorder. Disorganized corneal stroma fibrils are observed in patients' cornea. Previously we identified a RAD21C1348T variant that is associated with a peripheral sclerocornea pedigree. To explore whether this RAD21 variant can induce sclerocornea-related phenotype, and to investigate the possible mechanisms of such phenotype, the orthologous rad21 wild-type and variant mRNAs were injected into Xenopus laevis embryos and the developed eyes were subjected for histological examination. Transmission electron microscopy was applied for corneal stroma organization check. rad21 is highly expressed in the eye region during X. laevis development. Disrupted eye development was observed in the rad21 variant injected embryos. Disorganized corneal stroma and decreased diameters of collagen fibrils were observed in the rad21 variant injected X. laevis eyes. These eye defects can be rescued by overexpression of the wild-type rad21. Histological examination found stroma attracting center, a key structure in X. laevis corneal development, was impaired in rad21 variant injected embryos. Our results suggest a key role of RAD21 during corneal development. Our data indicates the RAD21R450C variant contributes to peripheral sclerocornea by disturbing collagen fibril organization in the corneal stroma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi Ning Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - Thomas Chi Bun Wong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Yolanda Wong Ying Yip
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ziran Liu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Chengdong Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Janice Siu Chong Wong
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jing Na He
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | | | - Vishal Jhanji
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Chi Pui Pang
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Hui Zhao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Wai Kit Chu
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Shantou University/Chinese University of Hong Kong Joint Shantou International Eye Center, Shantou, China
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46
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Cukrov D, Newman TAC, Leask M, Leeke B, Sarogni P, Patimo A, Kline AD, Krantz ID, Horsfield JA, Musio A. Antioxidant treatment ameliorates phenotypic features of SMC1A-mutated Cornelia de Lange syndrome in vitro and in vivo. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 27:3002-3011. [PMID: 29860495 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a rare disease characterized by cognitive impairment, multisystemic alterations and premature aging. Furthermore, CdLS cells display gene expression dysregulation and genomic instability. Here, we demonstrated that treatment with antioxidant drugs, such as ascorbic acid and riboceine, reduced the level of genomic instability and extended the in vitro lifespan of CdLS cell lines. We also found that antioxidant treatment partially rescued the phenotype of a zebrafish model of CdLS. Gene expression profiling showed that antioxidant drugs caused dysregulation of gene transcription; notably, a number of genes coding for the zinc finger (ZNF)-containing Krueppel-associated box (KRAB) protein domain (KRAB-ZNF) were found to be downregulated. Taken together, these data suggest that antioxidant drugs have the potential to ameliorate the developmental phenotype of CdLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dubravka Cukrov
- Institute for Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Trent A C Newman
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Megan Leask
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Bryony Leeke
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Patrizia Sarogni
- Institute for Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Patimo
- Institute for Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Antonie D Kline
- Harvey Institute for Human Genetics, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ian D Krantz
- Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Julia A Horsfield
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- The Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, c/o The University of Auckland, Private Bag, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Antonio Musio
- Institute for Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
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Wagner VF, Hillman PR, Britt AD, Ray JW, Farach LS. A De novo HDAC2 variant in a patient with features consistent with Cornelia de Lange syndrome phenotype. Am J Med Genet A 2019; 179:852-856. [PMID: 30806031 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder caused by pathogenic variants in NIPBL, RAD21, SMC3, HDAC8, or SMC1A; all of which code for proteins that are components of, or interact with, the cohesin complex. Despite the identification of multiple genes associated with CdLS, over 25% of individuals strongly suspected to have CdLS have negative genetic testing, indicating that there are additional genes associated with the condition. HDAC2 codes for histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) and, like HDAC8, is a Class 1 histone deacetylase. We present a patient with a novel de novo variant in HDAC2 with many clinical features consistent with CdLS including severe developmental delay, limb abnormalities, congenital heart defect, cryptorchidism and hypoplastic genitalia, growth retardation, and characteristic craniofacial features. Although variants in HDAC2 are not currently associated with human disease, the variant identified in this patient is within a highly conserved amino acid residue and has not been observed in healthy populations. This information, along with the patient's clinical presentation and the functional similarity between the HDAC2 and HDAC8 proteins, suggests that HDAC2 should be further investigated as a candidate gene for CdLS or a CdLS-like syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria F Wagner
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Paul R Hillman
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Allison D Britt
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Joseph W Ray
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Laura S Farach
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
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48
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Dorval S, Masciadri M, Mathot M, Russo S, Revencu N, Larizza L. A novel RAD21 mutation in a boy with mild Cornelia de Lange presentation: Further delineation of the phenotype. Eur J Med Genet 2019; 63:103620. [PMID: 30716475 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Cornelia de Lange syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant or X-linked developmental disorder characterized by characteristic facial dysmorphism, intellectual disability, growth retardation, upper limb and multiorgan anomalies. Causative mutations have been identified in five genes coding for the cohesion complex structure components or regulatory elements. Among them, RAD21 is associated with a milder phenotype. Very few RAD21 intragenic mutations have been identified so far. Thus, any new patient is a valuable tool to delineate the associated phenotype. We discuss a new patient with RAD21 confirmed molecular diagnosis and compare his clinical features to those of previously described patients carrying different RAD21 intragenic mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Dorval
- Pediatric Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Maura Masciadri
- Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, via Ariosto 13, 20145, Milan, Italy
| | - Mikaël Mathot
- Neuropediatric Unit, CHU UCL-Namur, place Louise Godin, 15, 5000, Namur, Belgium
| | - Silvia Russo
- Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, via Ariosto 13, 20145, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicole Revencu
- Center for Human Genetics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Lidia Larizza
- Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, via Ariosto 13, 20145, Milan, Italy
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49
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Dowsett L, Porras AR, Kruszka P, Davis B, Hu T, Honey E, Badoe E, Thong MK, Leon E, Girisha KM, Shukla A, Nayak SS, Shotelersuk V, Megarbane A, Phadke S, Sirisena ND, Dissanayake VHW, Ferreira CR, Kisling MS, Tanpaiboon P, Uwineza A, Mutesa L, Tekendo-Ngongang C, Wonkam A, Fieggen K, Batista LC, Moretti-Ferreira D, Stevenson RE, Prijoles EJ, Everman D, Clarkson K, Worthington J, Kimonis V, Hisama F, Crowe C, Wong P, Johnson K, Clark RD, Bird L, Masser-Frye D, McDonald M, Willems P, Roeder E, Saitta S, Anyane-Yeoba K, Demmer L, Hamajima N, Stark Z, Gillies G, Hudgins L, Dave U, Shalev S, Siu V, Ades A, Dubbs H, Raible S, Kaur M, Salzano E, Jackson L, Deardorff M, Kline A, Summar M, Muenke M, Linguraru MG, Krantz ID. Cornelia de Lange syndrome in diverse populations. Am J Med Genet A 2019; 179:150-158. [PMID: 30614194 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a dominant multisystemic malformation syndrome due to mutations in five genes-NIPBL, SMC1A, HDAC8, SMC3, and RAD21. The characteristic facial dysmorphisms include microcephaly, arched eyebrows, synophrys, short nose with depressed bridge and anteverted nares, long philtrum, thin lips, micrognathia, and hypertrichosis. Most affected individuals have intellectual disability, growth deficiency, and upper limb anomalies. This study looked at individuals from diverse populations with both clinical and molecularly confirmed diagnoses of CdLS by facial analysis technology. Clinical data and images from 246 individuals with CdLS were obtained from 15 countries. This cohort included 49% female patients and ages ranged from infancy to 37 years. Individuals were grouped into ancestry categories of African descent, Asian, Latin American, Middle Eastern, and Caucasian. Across these populations, 14 features showed a statistically significant difference. The most common facial features found in all ancestry groups included synophrys, short nose with anteverted nares, and a long philtrum with thin vermillion of the upper lip. Using facial analysis technology we compared 246 individuals with CdLS to 246 gender/age matched controls and found that sensitivity was equal or greater than 95% for all groups. Specificity was equal or greater than 91%. In conclusion, we present consistent clinical findings from global populations with CdLS while demonstrating how facial analysis technology can be a tool to support accurate diagnoses in the clinical setting. This work, along with prior studies in this arena, will assist in earlier detection, recognition, and treatment of CdLS worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah Dowsett
- Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,The Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Hawai'i John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, Hawai'i.,Kapi'olani Medical Specialists, Honolulu, Hawai'i
| | - Antonio R Porras
- Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Children's National Health System, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Paul Kruszka
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, The National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Brandon Davis
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, The National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Tommy Hu
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, The National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Engela Honey
- Department of Genetics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Eben Badoe
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Meow-Keong Thong
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Eyby Leon
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Children's National Health System, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Katta M Girisha
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Anju Shukla
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Shalini S Nayak
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Vorasuk Shotelersuk
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Shubha Phadke
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nirmala D Sirisena
- Human Genetics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | | | - Carlos R Ferreira
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Children's National Health System, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Monisha S Kisling
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Children's National Health System, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Pranoot Tanpaiboon
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Children's National Health System, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Annette Uwineza
- Center for Human Genetics, University of Rwanda, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Leon Mutesa
- Center for Human Genetics, University of Rwanda, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Kigali, Rwanda
| | | | - Ambroise Wonkam
- Division of Human Genetics, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Karen Fieggen
- Division of Human Genetics, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Leticia Cassimiro Batista
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Danilo Moretti-Ferreira
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Virginia Kimonis
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California
| | - Fuki Hisama
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Carol Crowe
- MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Paul Wong
- Department of Pediatrics, Rush University Medical College, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kisha Johnson
- Department of Pediatrics, Rush University Medical College, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Robin D Clark
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Lynne Bird
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California Sand Diego, San Diego, California.,Department of Genetics, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, California
| | - Diane Masser-Frye
- Department of Genetics, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, California
| | - Marie McDonald
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke Health, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Elizabeth Roeder
- Department of Pediatrics and Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Sulgana Saitta
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Medical Genetics Institute, Los Angeles, California
| | - Kwame Anyane-Yeoba
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Columbia University Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Laurie Demmer
- Department of Pediatrics, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Naoki Hamajima
- Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya City Jouhoku Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Zornitza Stark
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Greta Gillies
- Bruce Lefroy Centre for Genetic Health Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Louanne Hudgins
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California
| | - Usha Dave
- Haffkine Institute, MILS International India, Mumbai, India
| | - Stavit Shalev
- Ha'emek Medical Center, The Genetic Institute, Hafia, Israel
| | - Victoria Siu
- Medical Genetics Program, London Health Sciences Centre, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ann Ades
- The Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Division of Neonatology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Holly Dubbs
- Division of Neurology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sarah Raible
- Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Maninder Kaur
- Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Emanuela Salzano
- Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Laird Jackson
- Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Matthew Deardorff
- Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,The Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Antonie Kline
- Department of Pediatrics, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Harvey Institute for Human Genetics, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Marshall Summar
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Children's National Health System, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Maximilian Muenke
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, The National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Marius George Linguraru
- Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Children's National Health System, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Ian D Krantz
- Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,The Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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50
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Krawczynska N, Wierzba J, Jasiecki J, Wasag B. Molecular characterization of two novel intronic variants of NIPBL gene detected in unrelated Cornelia de Lange syndrome patients. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2019; 20:1. [PMID: 30606125 PMCID: PMC6318863 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-018-0738-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS), a rare, multisystemic disorder, has been linked to genetic alterations in NIPBL, SMC1A, SMC3, HDAC8, and RAD21 genes. Approximately 60% of CdLS patients harbor various NIPBL variants. Genetic changes predicted to affect NIPBL gene splicing represent 15% of all NIPBL genetic abnormalities. Yet, only a few studies have investigated the molecular consequences of such variants. Case presentation This study reports two novel, intronic NIPBL genetic variants in unrelated CdLS patients with the characteristic phenotype. A c.6954 + 3A > C substitution and a c.5862 + 1delG deletion were identified, one of each, in a 6 year-old boy and 39 month-old girl. Further studies confirmed that both variants introduce premature termination codons, resulting in the formation of truncated proteins p.(Ser2255LeufsTer20) and p.(Leu1955Ter), respectively. Conclusion Single nucleotide alterations located within the conserved splice-donor site of intronic regions of the NIPBL gene can give rise to a premature termination of the translation and cause significant changes in the sequence of mRNA transcripts and NIPBL protein structure and function. The latter underline development of Cornelia de Lange syndrome phenotype. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12881-018-0738-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Krawczynska
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, Medical University of Gdansk, 1 Debinki Street, 80-211, Gdansk, Poland.,Laboratory of Clinical Genetics, University Clinical Centre, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jolanta Wierzba
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.,Department of General Nursery, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jacek Jasiecki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Bartosz Wasag
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, Medical University of Gdansk, 1 Debinki Street, 80-211, Gdansk, Poland. .,Laboratory of Clinical Genetics, University Clinical Centre, Gdansk, Poland.
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