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Villar-Quiles RN, von der Hagen M, Métay C, Gonzalez V, Donkervoort S, Bertini E, Castiglioni C, Chaigne D, Colomer J, Cuadrado ML, de Visser M, Desguerre I, Eymard B, Goemans N, Kaindl A, Lagrue E, Lütschg J, Malfatti E, Mayer M, Merlini L, Orlikowski D, Reuner U, Salih MA, Schlotter-Weigel B, Stoetter M, Straub V, Topaloglu H, Urtizberea JA, van der Kooi A, Wilichowski E, Romero NB, Fardeau M, Bönnemann CG, Estournet B, Richard P, Quijano-Roy S, Schara U, Ferreiro A. The clinical, histologic, and genotypic spectrum of SEPN1-related myopathy: A case series. Neurology 2020; 95:e1512-e1527. [PMID: 32796131 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000010327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To clarify the prevalence, long-term natural history, and severity determinants of SEPN1-related myopathy (SEPN1-RM), we analyzed a large international case series. METHODS Retrospective clinical, histologic, and genetic analysis of 132 pediatric and adult patients (2-58 years) followed up for several decades. RESULTS The clinical phenotype was marked by severe axial muscle weakness, spinal rigidity, and scoliosis (86.1%, from 8.9 ± 4 years), with relatively preserved limb strength and previously unreported ophthalmoparesis in severe cases. All patients developed respiratory failure (from 10.1±6 years), 81.7% requiring ventilation while ambulant. Histopathologically, 79 muscle biopsies showed large variability, partly determined by site of biopsy and age. Multi-minicores were the most common lesion (59.5%), often associated with mild dystrophic features and occasionally with eosinophilic inclusions. Identification of 65 SEPN1 mutations, including 32 novel ones and the first pathogenic copy number variation, unveiled exon 1 as the main mutational hotspot and revealed the first genotype-phenotype correlations, bi-allelic null mutations being significantly associated with disease severity (p = 0.017). SEPN1-RM was more severe and progressive than previously thought, leading to loss of ambulation in 10% of cases, systematic functional decline from the end of the third decade, and reduced lifespan even in mild cases. The main prognosis determinants were scoliosis/respiratory management, SEPN1 mutations, and body mass abnormalities, which correlated with disease severity. We propose a set of severity criteria, provide quantitative data for outcome identification, and establish a need for age stratification. CONCLUSION Our results inform clinical practice, improving diagnosis and management, and represent a major breakthrough for clinical trial readiness in this not so rare disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocio N Villar-Quiles
- From the Basic and Translational Myology Lab (R.N.V.-Q., V.G., A.F.), UMR8251, Université de Paris/CNRS; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (R.N.V.-Q., B. Eymard, N.B.R., A.F.) and Neuromuscular Morphology Unit (N.B.R., M.F.), Institut de Myologie, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.v.d.H.), Medinzinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; AP-HP (C.M., P.R.), Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, UF Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Department of Neurology (V.G.), University Hospital of Montpellier, France; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (S.D.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (E.B.), Bambino Gesu' Children's Research Hospital, Rome, Italy; Departamento de Neurología Pediátrica (C.C.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Paediatrics Department (D.C.), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France; Neuromuscular Unit (J.C.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (J.C.), ISCIII; Department of Neurology (M.L.C.), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos; Department of Medicine (M.L.C.), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology (I.D.), Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France; Department of Child Neurology (N.G.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatric Neurology (A.K.), Center for Chronically Sick Children, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neuropediatrics (E.L.), CHRU de Tours, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR INSERM U1253, Tours, France; Department of Neuropediatrics (J.L.), University Children's Hospital of Basel (UKBB), Switzerland; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (E.M.), Neurology Department, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, Garches; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (M.M.), Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.M.), University of Bologna, Italy; Réanimation Médicale, Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles et Centre d'Investigation Clinique, UMR 1429 (D.O.), INSERM-UMR, 1179, UVSQ (D.O.), and Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Intensive Care and Rehabilitation, AP-HP, UVSQ Paris Saclay (B. Estournet, S.Q.-R.), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France; Department of Neurology (U.R.), Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, German; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (M.A.S.), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Friedrich-Baur-Institut (B.S.-W.), Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany; The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre (V.S.), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Department of Child Neurology (H.T.), Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Centre de Compétence Neuromusculaire (J.A.U.), Hôpital Marin, Hendaye, France; Department of Neurology (A.v.d.K.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology (E.W.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Germany; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Pediatric Neurology (U.S.), Developmental Neurology and Social Pediatrics, University of Essen, Germany
| | - Maja von der Hagen
- From the Basic and Translational Myology Lab (R.N.V.-Q., V.G., A.F.), UMR8251, Université de Paris/CNRS; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (R.N.V.-Q., B. Eymard, N.B.R., A.F.) and Neuromuscular Morphology Unit (N.B.R., M.F.), Institut de Myologie, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.v.d.H.), Medinzinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; AP-HP (C.M., P.R.), Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, UF Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Department of Neurology (V.G.), University Hospital of Montpellier, France; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (S.D.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (E.B.), Bambino Gesu' Children's Research Hospital, Rome, Italy; Departamento de Neurología Pediátrica (C.C.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Paediatrics Department (D.C.), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France; Neuromuscular Unit (J.C.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (J.C.), ISCIII; Department of Neurology (M.L.C.), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos; Department of Medicine (M.L.C.), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology (I.D.), Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France; Department of Child Neurology (N.G.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatric Neurology (A.K.), Center for Chronically Sick Children, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neuropediatrics (E.L.), CHRU de Tours, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR INSERM U1253, Tours, France; Department of Neuropediatrics (J.L.), University Children's Hospital of Basel (UKBB), Switzerland; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (E.M.), Neurology Department, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, Garches; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (M.M.), Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.M.), University of Bologna, Italy; Réanimation Médicale, Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles et Centre d'Investigation Clinique, UMR 1429 (D.O.), INSERM-UMR, 1179, UVSQ (D.O.), and Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Intensive Care and Rehabilitation, AP-HP, UVSQ Paris Saclay (B. Estournet, S.Q.-R.), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France; Department of Neurology (U.R.), Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, German; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (M.A.S.), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Friedrich-Baur-Institut (B.S.-W.), Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany; The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre (V.S.), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Department of Child Neurology (H.T.), Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Centre de Compétence Neuromusculaire (J.A.U.), Hôpital Marin, Hendaye, France; Department of Neurology (A.v.d.K.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology (E.W.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Germany; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Pediatric Neurology (U.S.), Developmental Neurology and Social Pediatrics, University of Essen, Germany
| | - Corinne Métay
- From the Basic and Translational Myology Lab (R.N.V.-Q., V.G., A.F.), UMR8251, Université de Paris/CNRS; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (R.N.V.-Q., B. Eymard, N.B.R., A.F.) and Neuromuscular Morphology Unit (N.B.R., M.F.), Institut de Myologie, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.v.d.H.), Medinzinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; AP-HP (C.M., P.R.), Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, UF Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Department of Neurology (V.G.), University Hospital of Montpellier, France; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (S.D.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (E.B.), Bambino Gesu' Children's Research Hospital, Rome, Italy; Departamento de Neurología Pediátrica (C.C.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Paediatrics Department (D.C.), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France; Neuromuscular Unit (J.C.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (J.C.), ISCIII; Department of Neurology (M.L.C.), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos; Department of Medicine (M.L.C.), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology (I.D.), Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France; Department of Child Neurology (N.G.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatric Neurology (A.K.), Center for Chronically Sick Children, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neuropediatrics (E.L.), CHRU de Tours, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR INSERM U1253, Tours, France; Department of Neuropediatrics (J.L.), University Children's Hospital of Basel (UKBB), Switzerland; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (E.M.), Neurology Department, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, Garches; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (M.M.), Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.M.), University of Bologna, Italy; Réanimation Médicale, Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles et Centre d'Investigation Clinique, UMR 1429 (D.O.), INSERM-UMR, 1179, UVSQ (D.O.), and Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Intensive Care and Rehabilitation, AP-HP, UVSQ Paris Saclay (B. Estournet, S.Q.-R.), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France; Department of Neurology (U.R.), Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, German; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (M.A.S.), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Friedrich-Baur-Institut (B.S.-W.), Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany; The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre (V.S.), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Department of Child Neurology (H.T.), Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Centre de Compétence Neuromusculaire (J.A.U.), Hôpital Marin, Hendaye, France; Department of Neurology (A.v.d.K.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology (E.W.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Germany; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Pediatric Neurology (U.S.), Developmental Neurology and Social Pediatrics, University of Essen, Germany
| | - Victoria Gonzalez
- From the Basic and Translational Myology Lab (R.N.V.-Q., V.G., A.F.), UMR8251, Université de Paris/CNRS; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (R.N.V.-Q., B. Eymard, N.B.R., A.F.) and Neuromuscular Morphology Unit (N.B.R., M.F.), Institut de Myologie, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.v.d.H.), Medinzinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; AP-HP (C.M., P.R.), Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, UF Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Department of Neurology (V.G.), University Hospital of Montpellier, France; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (S.D.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (E.B.), Bambino Gesu' Children's Research Hospital, Rome, Italy; Departamento de Neurología Pediátrica (C.C.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Paediatrics Department (D.C.), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France; Neuromuscular Unit (J.C.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (J.C.), ISCIII; Department of Neurology (M.L.C.), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos; Department of Medicine (M.L.C.), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology (I.D.), Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France; Department of Child Neurology (N.G.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatric Neurology (A.K.), Center for Chronically Sick Children, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neuropediatrics (E.L.), CHRU de Tours, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR INSERM U1253, Tours, France; Department of Neuropediatrics (J.L.), University Children's Hospital of Basel (UKBB), Switzerland; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (E.M.), Neurology Department, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, Garches; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (M.M.), Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.M.), University of Bologna, Italy; Réanimation Médicale, Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles et Centre d'Investigation Clinique, UMR 1429 (D.O.), INSERM-UMR, 1179, UVSQ (D.O.), and Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Intensive Care and Rehabilitation, AP-HP, UVSQ Paris Saclay (B. Estournet, S.Q.-R.), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France; Department of Neurology (U.R.), Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, German; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (M.A.S.), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Friedrich-Baur-Institut (B.S.-W.), Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany; The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre (V.S.), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Department of Child Neurology (H.T.), Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Centre de Compétence Neuromusculaire (J.A.U.), Hôpital Marin, Hendaye, France; Department of Neurology (A.v.d.K.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology (E.W.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Germany; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Pediatric Neurology (U.S.), Developmental Neurology and Social Pediatrics, University of Essen, Germany
| | - Sandra Donkervoort
- From the Basic and Translational Myology Lab (R.N.V.-Q., V.G., A.F.), UMR8251, Université de Paris/CNRS; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (R.N.V.-Q., B. Eymard, N.B.R., A.F.) and Neuromuscular Morphology Unit (N.B.R., M.F.), Institut de Myologie, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.v.d.H.), Medinzinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; AP-HP (C.M., P.R.), Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, UF Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Department of Neurology (V.G.), University Hospital of Montpellier, France; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (S.D.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (E.B.), Bambino Gesu' Children's Research Hospital, Rome, Italy; Departamento de Neurología Pediátrica (C.C.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Paediatrics Department (D.C.), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France; Neuromuscular Unit (J.C.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (J.C.), ISCIII; Department of Neurology (M.L.C.), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos; Department of Medicine (M.L.C.), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology (I.D.), Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France; Department of Child Neurology (N.G.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatric Neurology (A.K.), Center for Chronically Sick Children, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neuropediatrics (E.L.), CHRU de Tours, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR INSERM U1253, Tours, France; Department of Neuropediatrics (J.L.), University Children's Hospital of Basel (UKBB), Switzerland; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (E.M.), Neurology Department, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, Garches; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (M.M.), Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.M.), University of Bologna, Italy; Réanimation Médicale, Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles et Centre d'Investigation Clinique, UMR 1429 (D.O.), INSERM-UMR, 1179, UVSQ (D.O.), and Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Intensive Care and Rehabilitation, AP-HP, UVSQ Paris Saclay (B. Estournet, S.Q.-R.), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France; Department of Neurology (U.R.), Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, German; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (M.A.S.), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Friedrich-Baur-Institut (B.S.-W.), Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany; The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre (V.S.), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Department of Child Neurology (H.T.), Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Centre de Compétence Neuromusculaire (J.A.U.), Hôpital Marin, Hendaye, France; Department of Neurology (A.v.d.K.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology (E.W.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Germany; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Pediatric Neurology (U.S.), Developmental Neurology and Social Pediatrics, University of Essen, Germany
| | - Enrico Bertini
- From the Basic and Translational Myology Lab (R.N.V.-Q., V.G., A.F.), UMR8251, Université de Paris/CNRS; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (R.N.V.-Q., B. Eymard, N.B.R., A.F.) and Neuromuscular Morphology Unit (N.B.R., M.F.), Institut de Myologie, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.v.d.H.), Medinzinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; AP-HP (C.M., P.R.), Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, UF Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Department of Neurology (V.G.), University Hospital of Montpellier, France; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (S.D.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (E.B.), Bambino Gesu' Children's Research Hospital, Rome, Italy; Departamento de Neurología Pediátrica (C.C.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Paediatrics Department (D.C.), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France; Neuromuscular Unit (J.C.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (J.C.), ISCIII; Department of Neurology (M.L.C.), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos; Department of Medicine (M.L.C.), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology (I.D.), Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France; Department of Child Neurology (N.G.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatric Neurology (A.K.), Center for Chronically Sick Children, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neuropediatrics (E.L.), CHRU de Tours, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR INSERM U1253, Tours, France; Department of Neuropediatrics (J.L.), University Children's Hospital of Basel (UKBB), Switzerland; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (E.M.), Neurology Department, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, Garches; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (M.M.), Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.M.), University of Bologna, Italy; Réanimation Médicale, Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles et Centre d'Investigation Clinique, UMR 1429 (D.O.), INSERM-UMR, 1179, UVSQ (D.O.), and Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Intensive Care and Rehabilitation, AP-HP, UVSQ Paris Saclay (B. Estournet, S.Q.-R.), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France; Department of Neurology (U.R.), Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, German; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (M.A.S.), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Friedrich-Baur-Institut (B.S.-W.), Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany; The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre (V.S.), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Department of Child Neurology (H.T.), Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Centre de Compétence Neuromusculaire (J.A.U.), Hôpital Marin, Hendaye, France; Department of Neurology (A.v.d.K.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology (E.W.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Germany; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Pediatric Neurology (U.S.), Developmental Neurology and Social Pediatrics, University of Essen, Germany
| | - Claudia Castiglioni
- From the Basic and Translational Myology Lab (R.N.V.-Q., V.G., A.F.), UMR8251, Université de Paris/CNRS; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (R.N.V.-Q., B. Eymard, N.B.R., A.F.) and Neuromuscular Morphology Unit (N.B.R., M.F.), Institut de Myologie, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.v.d.H.), Medinzinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; AP-HP (C.M., P.R.), Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, UF Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Department of Neurology (V.G.), University Hospital of Montpellier, France; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (S.D.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (E.B.), Bambino Gesu' Children's Research Hospital, Rome, Italy; Departamento de Neurología Pediátrica (C.C.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Paediatrics Department (D.C.), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France; Neuromuscular Unit (J.C.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (J.C.), ISCIII; Department of Neurology (M.L.C.), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos; Department of Medicine (M.L.C.), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology (I.D.), Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France; Department of Child Neurology (N.G.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatric Neurology (A.K.), Center for Chronically Sick Children, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neuropediatrics (E.L.), CHRU de Tours, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR INSERM U1253, Tours, France; Department of Neuropediatrics (J.L.), University Children's Hospital of Basel (UKBB), Switzerland; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (E.M.), Neurology Department, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, Garches; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (M.M.), Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.M.), University of Bologna, Italy; Réanimation Médicale, Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles et Centre d'Investigation Clinique, UMR 1429 (D.O.), INSERM-UMR, 1179, UVSQ (D.O.), and Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Intensive Care and Rehabilitation, AP-HP, UVSQ Paris Saclay (B. Estournet, S.Q.-R.), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France; Department of Neurology (U.R.), Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, German; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (M.A.S.), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Friedrich-Baur-Institut (B.S.-W.), Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany; The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre (V.S.), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Department of Child Neurology (H.T.), Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Centre de Compétence Neuromusculaire (J.A.U.), Hôpital Marin, Hendaye, France; Department of Neurology (A.v.d.K.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology (E.W.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Germany; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Pediatric Neurology (U.S.), Developmental Neurology and Social Pediatrics, University of Essen, Germany
| | - Denys Chaigne
- From the Basic and Translational Myology Lab (R.N.V.-Q., V.G., A.F.), UMR8251, Université de Paris/CNRS; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (R.N.V.-Q., B. Eymard, N.B.R., A.F.) and Neuromuscular Morphology Unit (N.B.R., M.F.), Institut de Myologie, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.v.d.H.), Medinzinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; AP-HP (C.M., P.R.), Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, UF Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Department of Neurology (V.G.), University Hospital of Montpellier, France; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (S.D.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (E.B.), Bambino Gesu' Children's Research Hospital, Rome, Italy; Departamento de Neurología Pediátrica (C.C.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Paediatrics Department (D.C.), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France; Neuromuscular Unit (J.C.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (J.C.), ISCIII; Department of Neurology (M.L.C.), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos; Department of Medicine (M.L.C.), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology (I.D.), Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France; Department of Child Neurology (N.G.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatric Neurology (A.K.), Center for Chronically Sick Children, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neuropediatrics (E.L.), CHRU de Tours, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR INSERM U1253, Tours, France; Department of Neuropediatrics (J.L.), University Children's Hospital of Basel (UKBB), Switzerland; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (E.M.), Neurology Department, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, Garches; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (M.M.), Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.M.), University of Bologna, Italy; Réanimation Médicale, Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles et Centre d'Investigation Clinique, UMR 1429 (D.O.), INSERM-UMR, 1179, UVSQ (D.O.), and Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Intensive Care and Rehabilitation, AP-HP, UVSQ Paris Saclay (B. Estournet, S.Q.-R.), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France; Department of Neurology (U.R.), Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, German; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (M.A.S.), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Friedrich-Baur-Institut (B.S.-W.), Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany; The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre (V.S.), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Department of Child Neurology (H.T.), Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Centre de Compétence Neuromusculaire (J.A.U.), Hôpital Marin, Hendaye, France; Department of Neurology (A.v.d.K.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology (E.W.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Germany; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Pediatric Neurology (U.S.), Developmental Neurology and Social Pediatrics, University of Essen, Germany
| | - Jaume Colomer
- From the Basic and Translational Myology Lab (R.N.V.-Q., V.G., A.F.), UMR8251, Université de Paris/CNRS; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (R.N.V.-Q., B. Eymard, N.B.R., A.F.) and Neuromuscular Morphology Unit (N.B.R., M.F.), Institut de Myologie, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.v.d.H.), Medinzinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; AP-HP (C.M., P.R.), Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, UF Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Department of Neurology (V.G.), University Hospital of Montpellier, France; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (S.D.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (E.B.), Bambino Gesu' Children's Research Hospital, Rome, Italy; Departamento de Neurología Pediátrica (C.C.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Paediatrics Department (D.C.), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France; Neuromuscular Unit (J.C.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (J.C.), ISCIII; Department of Neurology (M.L.C.), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos; Department of Medicine (M.L.C.), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology (I.D.), Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France; Department of Child Neurology (N.G.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatric Neurology (A.K.), Center for Chronically Sick Children, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neuropediatrics (E.L.), CHRU de Tours, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR INSERM U1253, Tours, France; Department of Neuropediatrics (J.L.), University Children's Hospital of Basel (UKBB), Switzerland; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (E.M.), Neurology Department, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, Garches; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (M.M.), Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.M.), University of Bologna, Italy; Réanimation Médicale, Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles et Centre d'Investigation Clinique, UMR 1429 (D.O.), INSERM-UMR, 1179, UVSQ (D.O.), and Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Intensive Care and Rehabilitation, AP-HP, UVSQ Paris Saclay (B. Estournet, S.Q.-R.), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France; Department of Neurology (U.R.), Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, German; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (M.A.S.), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Friedrich-Baur-Institut (B.S.-W.), Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany; The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre (V.S.), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Department of Child Neurology (H.T.), Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Centre de Compétence Neuromusculaire (J.A.U.), Hôpital Marin, Hendaye, France; Department of Neurology (A.v.d.K.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology (E.W.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Germany; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Pediatric Neurology (U.S.), Developmental Neurology and Social Pediatrics, University of Essen, Germany
| | - Maria Luz Cuadrado
- From the Basic and Translational Myology Lab (R.N.V.-Q., V.G., A.F.), UMR8251, Université de Paris/CNRS; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (R.N.V.-Q., B. Eymard, N.B.R., A.F.) and Neuromuscular Morphology Unit (N.B.R., M.F.), Institut de Myologie, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.v.d.H.), Medinzinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; AP-HP (C.M., P.R.), Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, UF Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Department of Neurology (V.G.), University Hospital of Montpellier, France; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (S.D.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (E.B.), Bambino Gesu' Children's Research Hospital, Rome, Italy; Departamento de Neurología Pediátrica (C.C.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Paediatrics Department (D.C.), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France; Neuromuscular Unit (J.C.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (J.C.), ISCIII; Department of Neurology (M.L.C.), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos; Department of Medicine (M.L.C.), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology (I.D.), Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France; Department of Child Neurology (N.G.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatric Neurology (A.K.), Center for Chronically Sick Children, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neuropediatrics (E.L.), CHRU de Tours, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR INSERM U1253, Tours, France; Department of Neuropediatrics (J.L.), University Children's Hospital of Basel (UKBB), Switzerland; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (E.M.), Neurology Department, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, Garches; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (M.M.), Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.M.), University of Bologna, Italy; Réanimation Médicale, Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles et Centre d'Investigation Clinique, UMR 1429 (D.O.), INSERM-UMR, 1179, UVSQ (D.O.), and Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Intensive Care and Rehabilitation, AP-HP, UVSQ Paris Saclay (B. Estournet, S.Q.-R.), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France; Department of Neurology (U.R.), Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, German; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (M.A.S.), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Friedrich-Baur-Institut (B.S.-W.), Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany; The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre (V.S.), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Department of Child Neurology (H.T.), Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Centre de Compétence Neuromusculaire (J.A.U.), Hôpital Marin, Hendaye, France; Department of Neurology (A.v.d.K.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology (E.W.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Germany; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Pediatric Neurology (U.S.), Developmental Neurology and Social Pediatrics, University of Essen, Germany
| | - Marianne de Visser
- From the Basic and Translational Myology Lab (R.N.V.-Q., V.G., A.F.), UMR8251, Université de Paris/CNRS; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (R.N.V.-Q., B. Eymard, N.B.R., A.F.) and Neuromuscular Morphology Unit (N.B.R., M.F.), Institut de Myologie, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.v.d.H.), Medinzinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; AP-HP (C.M., P.R.), Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, UF Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Department of Neurology (V.G.), University Hospital of Montpellier, France; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (S.D.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (E.B.), Bambino Gesu' Children's Research Hospital, Rome, Italy; Departamento de Neurología Pediátrica (C.C.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Paediatrics Department (D.C.), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France; Neuromuscular Unit (J.C.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (J.C.), ISCIII; Department of Neurology (M.L.C.), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos; Department of Medicine (M.L.C.), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology (I.D.), Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France; Department of Child Neurology (N.G.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatric Neurology (A.K.), Center for Chronically Sick Children, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neuropediatrics (E.L.), CHRU de Tours, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR INSERM U1253, Tours, France; Department of Neuropediatrics (J.L.), University Children's Hospital of Basel (UKBB), Switzerland; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (E.M.), Neurology Department, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, Garches; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (M.M.), Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.M.), University of Bologna, Italy; Réanimation Médicale, Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles et Centre d'Investigation Clinique, UMR 1429 (D.O.), INSERM-UMR, 1179, UVSQ (D.O.), and Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Intensive Care and Rehabilitation, AP-HP, UVSQ Paris Saclay (B. Estournet, S.Q.-R.), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France; Department of Neurology (U.R.), Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, German; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (M.A.S.), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Friedrich-Baur-Institut (B.S.-W.), Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany; The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre (V.S.), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Department of Child Neurology (H.T.), Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Centre de Compétence Neuromusculaire (J.A.U.), Hôpital Marin, Hendaye, France; Department of Neurology (A.v.d.K.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology (E.W.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Germany; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Pediatric Neurology (U.S.), Developmental Neurology and Social Pediatrics, University of Essen, Germany
| | - Isabelle Desguerre
- From the Basic and Translational Myology Lab (R.N.V.-Q., V.G., A.F.), UMR8251, Université de Paris/CNRS; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (R.N.V.-Q., B. Eymard, N.B.R., A.F.) and Neuromuscular Morphology Unit (N.B.R., M.F.), Institut de Myologie, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.v.d.H.), Medinzinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; AP-HP (C.M., P.R.), Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, UF Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Department of Neurology (V.G.), University Hospital of Montpellier, France; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (S.D.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (E.B.), Bambino Gesu' Children's Research Hospital, Rome, Italy; Departamento de Neurología Pediátrica (C.C.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Paediatrics Department (D.C.), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France; Neuromuscular Unit (J.C.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (J.C.), ISCIII; Department of Neurology (M.L.C.), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos; Department of Medicine (M.L.C.), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology (I.D.), Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France; Department of Child Neurology (N.G.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatric Neurology (A.K.), Center for Chronically Sick Children, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neuropediatrics (E.L.), CHRU de Tours, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR INSERM U1253, Tours, France; Department of Neuropediatrics (J.L.), University Children's Hospital of Basel (UKBB), Switzerland; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (E.M.), Neurology Department, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, Garches; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (M.M.), Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.M.), University of Bologna, Italy; Réanimation Médicale, Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles et Centre d'Investigation Clinique, UMR 1429 (D.O.), INSERM-UMR, 1179, UVSQ (D.O.), and Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Intensive Care and Rehabilitation, AP-HP, UVSQ Paris Saclay (B. Estournet, S.Q.-R.), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France; Department of Neurology (U.R.), Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, German; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (M.A.S.), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Friedrich-Baur-Institut (B.S.-W.), Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany; The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre (V.S.), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Department of Child Neurology (H.T.), Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Centre de Compétence Neuromusculaire (J.A.U.), Hôpital Marin, Hendaye, France; Department of Neurology (A.v.d.K.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology (E.W.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Germany; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Pediatric Neurology (U.S.), Developmental Neurology and Social Pediatrics, University of Essen, Germany
| | - Bruno Eymard
- From the Basic and Translational Myology Lab (R.N.V.-Q., V.G., A.F.), UMR8251, Université de Paris/CNRS; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (R.N.V.-Q., B. Eymard, N.B.R., A.F.) and Neuromuscular Morphology Unit (N.B.R., M.F.), Institut de Myologie, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.v.d.H.), Medinzinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; AP-HP (C.M., P.R.), Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, UF Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Department of Neurology (V.G.), University Hospital of Montpellier, France; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (S.D.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (E.B.), Bambino Gesu' Children's Research Hospital, Rome, Italy; Departamento de Neurología Pediátrica (C.C.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Paediatrics Department (D.C.), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France; Neuromuscular Unit (J.C.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (J.C.), ISCIII; Department of Neurology (M.L.C.), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos; Department of Medicine (M.L.C.), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology (I.D.), Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France; Department of Child Neurology (N.G.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatric Neurology (A.K.), Center for Chronically Sick Children, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neuropediatrics (E.L.), CHRU de Tours, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR INSERM U1253, Tours, France; Department of Neuropediatrics (J.L.), University Children's Hospital of Basel (UKBB), Switzerland; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (E.M.), Neurology Department, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, Garches; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (M.M.), Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.M.), University of Bologna, Italy; Réanimation Médicale, Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles et Centre d'Investigation Clinique, UMR 1429 (D.O.), INSERM-UMR, 1179, UVSQ (D.O.), and Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Intensive Care and Rehabilitation, AP-HP, UVSQ Paris Saclay (B. Estournet, S.Q.-R.), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France; Department of Neurology (U.R.), Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, German; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (M.A.S.), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Friedrich-Baur-Institut (B.S.-W.), Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany; The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre (V.S.), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Department of Child Neurology (H.T.), Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Centre de Compétence Neuromusculaire (J.A.U.), Hôpital Marin, Hendaye, France; Department of Neurology (A.v.d.K.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology (E.W.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Germany; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Pediatric Neurology (U.S.), Developmental Neurology and Social Pediatrics, University of Essen, Germany
| | - Nathalie Goemans
- From the Basic and Translational Myology Lab (R.N.V.-Q., V.G., A.F.), UMR8251, Université de Paris/CNRS; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (R.N.V.-Q., B. Eymard, N.B.R., A.F.) and Neuromuscular Morphology Unit (N.B.R., M.F.), Institut de Myologie, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.v.d.H.), Medinzinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; AP-HP (C.M., P.R.), Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, UF Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Department of Neurology (V.G.), University Hospital of Montpellier, France; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (S.D.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (E.B.), Bambino Gesu' Children's Research Hospital, Rome, Italy; Departamento de Neurología Pediátrica (C.C.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Paediatrics Department (D.C.), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France; Neuromuscular Unit (J.C.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (J.C.), ISCIII; Department of Neurology (M.L.C.), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos; Department of Medicine (M.L.C.), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology (I.D.), Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France; Department of Child Neurology (N.G.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatric Neurology (A.K.), Center for Chronically Sick Children, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neuropediatrics (E.L.), CHRU de Tours, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR INSERM U1253, Tours, France; Department of Neuropediatrics (J.L.), University Children's Hospital of Basel (UKBB), Switzerland; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (E.M.), Neurology Department, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, Garches; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (M.M.), Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.M.), University of Bologna, Italy; Réanimation Médicale, Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles et Centre d'Investigation Clinique, UMR 1429 (D.O.), INSERM-UMR, 1179, UVSQ (D.O.), and Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Intensive Care and Rehabilitation, AP-HP, UVSQ Paris Saclay (B. Estournet, S.Q.-R.), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France; Department of Neurology (U.R.), Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, German; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (M.A.S.), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Friedrich-Baur-Institut (B.S.-W.), Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany; The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre (V.S.), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Department of Child Neurology (H.T.), Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Centre de Compétence Neuromusculaire (J.A.U.), Hôpital Marin, Hendaye, France; Department of Neurology (A.v.d.K.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology (E.W.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Germany; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Pediatric Neurology (U.S.), Developmental Neurology and Social Pediatrics, University of Essen, Germany
| | - Angela Kaindl
- From the Basic and Translational Myology Lab (R.N.V.-Q., V.G., A.F.), UMR8251, Université de Paris/CNRS; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (R.N.V.-Q., B. Eymard, N.B.R., A.F.) and Neuromuscular Morphology Unit (N.B.R., M.F.), Institut de Myologie, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.v.d.H.), Medinzinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; AP-HP (C.M., P.R.), Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, UF Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Department of Neurology (V.G.), University Hospital of Montpellier, France; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (S.D.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (E.B.), Bambino Gesu' Children's Research Hospital, Rome, Italy; Departamento de Neurología Pediátrica (C.C.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Paediatrics Department (D.C.), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France; Neuromuscular Unit (J.C.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (J.C.), ISCIII; Department of Neurology (M.L.C.), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos; Department of Medicine (M.L.C.), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology (I.D.), Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France; Department of Child Neurology (N.G.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatric Neurology (A.K.), Center for Chronically Sick Children, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neuropediatrics (E.L.), CHRU de Tours, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR INSERM U1253, Tours, France; Department of Neuropediatrics (J.L.), University Children's Hospital of Basel (UKBB), Switzerland; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (E.M.), Neurology Department, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, Garches; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (M.M.), Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.M.), University of Bologna, Italy; Réanimation Médicale, Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles et Centre d'Investigation Clinique, UMR 1429 (D.O.), INSERM-UMR, 1179, UVSQ (D.O.), and Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Intensive Care and Rehabilitation, AP-HP, UVSQ Paris Saclay (B. Estournet, S.Q.-R.), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France; Department of Neurology (U.R.), Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, German; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (M.A.S.), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Friedrich-Baur-Institut (B.S.-W.), Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany; The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre (V.S.), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Department of Child Neurology (H.T.), Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Centre de Compétence Neuromusculaire (J.A.U.), Hôpital Marin, Hendaye, France; Department of Neurology (A.v.d.K.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology (E.W.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Germany; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Pediatric Neurology (U.S.), Developmental Neurology and Social Pediatrics, University of Essen, Germany
| | - Emmanuelle Lagrue
- From the Basic and Translational Myology Lab (R.N.V.-Q., V.G., A.F.), UMR8251, Université de Paris/CNRS; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (R.N.V.-Q., B. Eymard, N.B.R., A.F.) and Neuromuscular Morphology Unit (N.B.R., M.F.), Institut de Myologie, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.v.d.H.), Medinzinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; AP-HP (C.M., P.R.), Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, UF Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Department of Neurology (V.G.), University Hospital of Montpellier, France; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (S.D.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (E.B.), Bambino Gesu' Children's Research Hospital, Rome, Italy; Departamento de Neurología Pediátrica (C.C.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Paediatrics Department (D.C.), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France; Neuromuscular Unit (J.C.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (J.C.), ISCIII; Department of Neurology (M.L.C.), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos; Department of Medicine (M.L.C.), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology (I.D.), Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France; Department of Child Neurology (N.G.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatric Neurology (A.K.), Center for Chronically Sick Children, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neuropediatrics (E.L.), CHRU de Tours, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR INSERM U1253, Tours, France; Department of Neuropediatrics (J.L.), University Children's Hospital of Basel (UKBB), Switzerland; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (E.M.), Neurology Department, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, Garches; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (M.M.), Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.M.), University of Bologna, Italy; Réanimation Médicale, Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles et Centre d'Investigation Clinique, UMR 1429 (D.O.), INSERM-UMR, 1179, UVSQ (D.O.), and Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Intensive Care and Rehabilitation, AP-HP, UVSQ Paris Saclay (B. Estournet, S.Q.-R.), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France; Department of Neurology (U.R.), Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, German; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (M.A.S.), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Friedrich-Baur-Institut (B.S.-W.), Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany; The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre (V.S.), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Department of Child Neurology (H.T.), Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Centre de Compétence Neuromusculaire (J.A.U.), Hôpital Marin, Hendaye, France; Department of Neurology (A.v.d.K.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology (E.W.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Germany; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Pediatric Neurology (U.S.), Developmental Neurology and Social Pediatrics, University of Essen, Germany
| | - Jürg Lütschg
- From the Basic and Translational Myology Lab (R.N.V.-Q., V.G., A.F.), UMR8251, Université de Paris/CNRS; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (R.N.V.-Q., B. Eymard, N.B.R., A.F.) and Neuromuscular Morphology Unit (N.B.R., M.F.), Institut de Myologie, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.v.d.H.), Medinzinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; AP-HP (C.M., P.R.), Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, UF Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Department of Neurology (V.G.), University Hospital of Montpellier, France; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (S.D.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (E.B.), Bambino Gesu' Children's Research Hospital, Rome, Italy; Departamento de Neurología Pediátrica (C.C.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Paediatrics Department (D.C.), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France; Neuromuscular Unit (J.C.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (J.C.), ISCIII; Department of Neurology (M.L.C.), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos; Department of Medicine (M.L.C.), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology (I.D.), Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France; Department of Child Neurology (N.G.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatric Neurology (A.K.), Center for Chronically Sick Children, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neuropediatrics (E.L.), CHRU de Tours, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR INSERM U1253, Tours, France; Department of Neuropediatrics (J.L.), University Children's Hospital of Basel (UKBB), Switzerland; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (E.M.), Neurology Department, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, Garches; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (M.M.), Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.M.), University of Bologna, Italy; Réanimation Médicale, Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles et Centre d'Investigation Clinique, UMR 1429 (D.O.), INSERM-UMR, 1179, UVSQ (D.O.), and Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Intensive Care and Rehabilitation, AP-HP, UVSQ Paris Saclay (B. Estournet, S.Q.-R.), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France; Department of Neurology (U.R.), Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, German; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (M.A.S.), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Friedrich-Baur-Institut (B.S.-W.), Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany; The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre (V.S.), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Department of Child Neurology (H.T.), Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Centre de Compétence Neuromusculaire (J.A.U.), Hôpital Marin, Hendaye, France; Department of Neurology (A.v.d.K.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology (E.W.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Germany; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Pediatric Neurology (U.S.), Developmental Neurology and Social Pediatrics, University of Essen, Germany
| | - Edoardo Malfatti
- From the Basic and Translational Myology Lab (R.N.V.-Q., V.G., A.F.), UMR8251, Université de Paris/CNRS; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (R.N.V.-Q., B. Eymard, N.B.R., A.F.) and Neuromuscular Morphology Unit (N.B.R., M.F.), Institut de Myologie, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.v.d.H.), Medinzinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; AP-HP (C.M., P.R.), Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, UF Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Department of Neurology (V.G.), University Hospital of Montpellier, France; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (S.D.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (E.B.), Bambino Gesu' Children's Research Hospital, Rome, Italy; Departamento de Neurología Pediátrica (C.C.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Paediatrics Department (D.C.), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France; Neuromuscular Unit (J.C.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (J.C.), ISCIII; Department of Neurology (M.L.C.), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos; Department of Medicine (M.L.C.), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology (I.D.), Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France; Department of Child Neurology (N.G.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatric Neurology (A.K.), Center for Chronically Sick Children, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neuropediatrics (E.L.), CHRU de Tours, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR INSERM U1253, Tours, France; Department of Neuropediatrics (J.L.), University Children's Hospital of Basel (UKBB), Switzerland; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (E.M.), Neurology Department, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, Garches; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (M.M.), Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.M.), University of Bologna, Italy; Réanimation Médicale, Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles et Centre d'Investigation Clinique, UMR 1429 (D.O.), INSERM-UMR, 1179, UVSQ (D.O.), and Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Intensive Care and Rehabilitation, AP-HP, UVSQ Paris Saclay (B. Estournet, S.Q.-R.), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France; Department of Neurology (U.R.), Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, German; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (M.A.S.), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Friedrich-Baur-Institut (B.S.-W.), Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany; The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre (V.S.), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Department of Child Neurology (H.T.), Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Centre de Compétence Neuromusculaire (J.A.U.), Hôpital Marin, Hendaye, France; Department of Neurology (A.v.d.K.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology (E.W.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Germany; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Pediatric Neurology (U.S.), Developmental Neurology and Social Pediatrics, University of Essen, Germany
| | - Michèle Mayer
- From the Basic and Translational Myology Lab (R.N.V.-Q., V.G., A.F.), UMR8251, Université de Paris/CNRS; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (R.N.V.-Q., B. Eymard, N.B.R., A.F.) and Neuromuscular Morphology Unit (N.B.R., M.F.), Institut de Myologie, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.v.d.H.), Medinzinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; AP-HP (C.M., P.R.), Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, UF Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Department of Neurology (V.G.), University Hospital of Montpellier, France; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (S.D.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (E.B.), Bambino Gesu' Children's Research Hospital, Rome, Italy; Departamento de Neurología Pediátrica (C.C.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Paediatrics Department (D.C.), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France; Neuromuscular Unit (J.C.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (J.C.), ISCIII; Department of Neurology (M.L.C.), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos; Department of Medicine (M.L.C.), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology (I.D.), Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France; Department of Child Neurology (N.G.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatric Neurology (A.K.), Center for Chronically Sick Children, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neuropediatrics (E.L.), CHRU de Tours, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR INSERM U1253, Tours, France; Department of Neuropediatrics (J.L.), University Children's Hospital of Basel (UKBB), Switzerland; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (E.M.), Neurology Department, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, Garches; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (M.M.), Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.M.), University of Bologna, Italy; Réanimation Médicale, Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles et Centre d'Investigation Clinique, UMR 1429 (D.O.), INSERM-UMR, 1179, UVSQ (D.O.), and Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Intensive Care and Rehabilitation, AP-HP, UVSQ Paris Saclay (B. Estournet, S.Q.-R.), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France; Department of Neurology (U.R.), Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, German; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (M.A.S.), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Friedrich-Baur-Institut (B.S.-W.), Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany; The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre (V.S.), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Department of Child Neurology (H.T.), Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Centre de Compétence Neuromusculaire (J.A.U.), Hôpital Marin, Hendaye, France; Department of Neurology (A.v.d.K.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology (E.W.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Germany; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Pediatric Neurology (U.S.), Developmental Neurology and Social Pediatrics, University of Essen, Germany
| | - Luciano Merlini
- From the Basic and Translational Myology Lab (R.N.V.-Q., V.G., A.F.), UMR8251, Université de Paris/CNRS; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (R.N.V.-Q., B. Eymard, N.B.R., A.F.) and Neuromuscular Morphology Unit (N.B.R., M.F.), Institut de Myologie, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.v.d.H.), Medinzinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; AP-HP (C.M., P.R.), Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, UF Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Department of Neurology (V.G.), University Hospital of Montpellier, France; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (S.D.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (E.B.), Bambino Gesu' Children's Research Hospital, Rome, Italy; Departamento de Neurología Pediátrica (C.C.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Paediatrics Department (D.C.), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France; Neuromuscular Unit (J.C.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (J.C.), ISCIII; Department of Neurology (M.L.C.), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos; Department of Medicine (M.L.C.), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology (I.D.), Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France; Department of Child Neurology (N.G.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatric Neurology (A.K.), Center for Chronically Sick Children, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neuropediatrics (E.L.), CHRU de Tours, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR INSERM U1253, Tours, France; Department of Neuropediatrics (J.L.), University Children's Hospital of Basel (UKBB), Switzerland; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (E.M.), Neurology Department, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, Garches; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (M.M.), Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.M.), University of Bologna, Italy; Réanimation Médicale, Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles et Centre d'Investigation Clinique, UMR 1429 (D.O.), INSERM-UMR, 1179, UVSQ (D.O.), and Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Intensive Care and Rehabilitation, AP-HP, UVSQ Paris Saclay (B. Estournet, S.Q.-R.), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France; Department of Neurology (U.R.), Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, German; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (M.A.S.), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Friedrich-Baur-Institut (B.S.-W.), Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany; The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre (V.S.), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Department of Child Neurology (H.T.), Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Centre de Compétence Neuromusculaire (J.A.U.), Hôpital Marin, Hendaye, France; Department of Neurology (A.v.d.K.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology (E.W.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Germany; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Pediatric Neurology (U.S.), Developmental Neurology and Social Pediatrics, University of Essen, Germany
| | - David Orlikowski
- From the Basic and Translational Myology Lab (R.N.V.-Q., V.G., A.F.), UMR8251, Université de Paris/CNRS; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (R.N.V.-Q., B. Eymard, N.B.R., A.F.) and Neuromuscular Morphology Unit (N.B.R., M.F.), Institut de Myologie, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.v.d.H.), Medinzinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; AP-HP (C.M., P.R.), Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, UF Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Department of Neurology (V.G.), University Hospital of Montpellier, France; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (S.D.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (E.B.), Bambino Gesu' Children's Research Hospital, Rome, Italy; Departamento de Neurología Pediátrica (C.C.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Paediatrics Department (D.C.), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France; Neuromuscular Unit (J.C.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (J.C.), ISCIII; Department of Neurology (M.L.C.), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos; Department of Medicine (M.L.C.), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology (I.D.), Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France; Department of Child Neurology (N.G.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatric Neurology (A.K.), Center for Chronically Sick Children, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neuropediatrics (E.L.), CHRU de Tours, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR INSERM U1253, Tours, France; Department of Neuropediatrics (J.L.), University Children's Hospital of Basel (UKBB), Switzerland; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (E.M.), Neurology Department, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, Garches; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (M.M.), Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.M.), University of Bologna, Italy; Réanimation Médicale, Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles et Centre d'Investigation Clinique, UMR 1429 (D.O.), INSERM-UMR, 1179, UVSQ (D.O.), and Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Intensive Care and Rehabilitation, AP-HP, UVSQ Paris Saclay (B. Estournet, S.Q.-R.), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France; Department of Neurology (U.R.), Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, German; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (M.A.S.), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Friedrich-Baur-Institut (B.S.-W.), Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany; The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre (V.S.), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Department of Child Neurology (H.T.), Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Centre de Compétence Neuromusculaire (J.A.U.), Hôpital Marin, Hendaye, France; Department of Neurology (A.v.d.K.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology (E.W.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Germany; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Pediatric Neurology (U.S.), Developmental Neurology and Social Pediatrics, University of Essen, Germany
| | - Ulrike Reuner
- From the Basic and Translational Myology Lab (R.N.V.-Q., V.G., A.F.), UMR8251, Université de Paris/CNRS; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (R.N.V.-Q., B. Eymard, N.B.R., A.F.) and Neuromuscular Morphology Unit (N.B.R., M.F.), Institut de Myologie, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.v.d.H.), Medinzinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; AP-HP (C.M., P.R.), Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, UF Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Department of Neurology (V.G.), University Hospital of Montpellier, France; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (S.D.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (E.B.), Bambino Gesu' Children's Research Hospital, Rome, Italy; Departamento de Neurología Pediátrica (C.C.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Paediatrics Department (D.C.), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France; Neuromuscular Unit (J.C.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (J.C.), ISCIII; Department of Neurology (M.L.C.), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos; Department of Medicine (M.L.C.), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology (I.D.), Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France; Department of Child Neurology (N.G.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatric Neurology (A.K.), Center for Chronically Sick Children, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neuropediatrics (E.L.), CHRU de Tours, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR INSERM U1253, Tours, France; Department of Neuropediatrics (J.L.), University Children's Hospital of Basel (UKBB), Switzerland; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (E.M.), Neurology Department, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, Garches; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (M.M.), Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.M.), University of Bologna, Italy; Réanimation Médicale, Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles et Centre d'Investigation Clinique, UMR 1429 (D.O.), INSERM-UMR, 1179, UVSQ (D.O.), and Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Intensive Care and Rehabilitation, AP-HP, UVSQ Paris Saclay (B. Estournet, S.Q.-R.), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France; Department of Neurology (U.R.), Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, German; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (M.A.S.), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Friedrich-Baur-Institut (B.S.-W.), Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany; The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre (V.S.), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Department of Child Neurology (H.T.), Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Centre de Compétence Neuromusculaire (J.A.U.), Hôpital Marin, Hendaye, France; Department of Neurology (A.v.d.K.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology (E.W.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Germany; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Pediatric Neurology (U.S.), Developmental Neurology and Social Pediatrics, University of Essen, Germany
| | - Mustafa A Salih
- From the Basic and Translational Myology Lab (R.N.V.-Q., V.G., A.F.), UMR8251, Université de Paris/CNRS; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (R.N.V.-Q., B. Eymard, N.B.R., A.F.) and Neuromuscular Morphology Unit (N.B.R., M.F.), Institut de Myologie, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.v.d.H.), Medinzinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; AP-HP (C.M., P.R.), Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, UF Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Department of Neurology (V.G.), University Hospital of Montpellier, France; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (S.D.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (E.B.), Bambino Gesu' Children's Research Hospital, Rome, Italy; Departamento de Neurología Pediátrica (C.C.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Paediatrics Department (D.C.), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France; Neuromuscular Unit (J.C.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (J.C.), ISCIII; Department of Neurology (M.L.C.), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos; Department of Medicine (M.L.C.), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology (I.D.), Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France; Department of Child Neurology (N.G.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatric Neurology (A.K.), Center for Chronically Sick Children, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neuropediatrics (E.L.), CHRU de Tours, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR INSERM U1253, Tours, France; Department of Neuropediatrics (J.L.), University Children's Hospital of Basel (UKBB), Switzerland; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (E.M.), Neurology Department, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, Garches; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (M.M.), Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.M.), University of Bologna, Italy; Réanimation Médicale, Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles et Centre d'Investigation Clinique, UMR 1429 (D.O.), INSERM-UMR, 1179, UVSQ (D.O.), and Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Intensive Care and Rehabilitation, AP-HP, UVSQ Paris Saclay (B. Estournet, S.Q.-R.), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France; Department of Neurology (U.R.), Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, German; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (M.A.S.), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Friedrich-Baur-Institut (B.S.-W.), Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany; The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre (V.S.), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Department of Child Neurology (H.T.), Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Centre de Compétence Neuromusculaire (J.A.U.), Hôpital Marin, Hendaye, France; Department of Neurology (A.v.d.K.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology (E.W.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Germany; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Pediatric Neurology (U.S.), Developmental Neurology and Social Pediatrics, University of Essen, Germany
| | - Beate Schlotter-Weigel
- From the Basic and Translational Myology Lab (R.N.V.-Q., V.G., A.F.), UMR8251, Université de Paris/CNRS; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (R.N.V.-Q., B. Eymard, N.B.R., A.F.) and Neuromuscular Morphology Unit (N.B.R., M.F.), Institut de Myologie, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.v.d.H.), Medinzinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; AP-HP (C.M., P.R.), Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, UF Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Department of Neurology (V.G.), University Hospital of Montpellier, France; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (S.D.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (E.B.), Bambino Gesu' Children's Research Hospital, Rome, Italy; Departamento de Neurología Pediátrica (C.C.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Paediatrics Department (D.C.), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France; Neuromuscular Unit (J.C.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (J.C.), ISCIII; Department of Neurology (M.L.C.), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos; Department of Medicine (M.L.C.), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology (I.D.), Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France; Department of Child Neurology (N.G.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatric Neurology (A.K.), Center for Chronically Sick Children, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neuropediatrics (E.L.), CHRU de Tours, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR INSERM U1253, Tours, France; Department of Neuropediatrics (J.L.), University Children's Hospital of Basel (UKBB), Switzerland; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (E.M.), Neurology Department, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, Garches; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (M.M.), Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.M.), University of Bologna, Italy; Réanimation Médicale, Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles et Centre d'Investigation Clinique, UMR 1429 (D.O.), INSERM-UMR, 1179, UVSQ (D.O.), and Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Intensive Care and Rehabilitation, AP-HP, UVSQ Paris Saclay (B. Estournet, S.Q.-R.), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France; Department of Neurology (U.R.), Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, German; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (M.A.S.), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Friedrich-Baur-Institut (B.S.-W.), Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany; The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre (V.S.), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Department of Child Neurology (H.T.), Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Centre de Compétence Neuromusculaire (J.A.U.), Hôpital Marin, Hendaye, France; Department of Neurology (A.v.d.K.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology (E.W.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Germany; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Pediatric Neurology (U.S.), Developmental Neurology and Social Pediatrics, University of Essen, Germany
| | - Mechthild Stoetter
- From the Basic and Translational Myology Lab (R.N.V.-Q., V.G., A.F.), UMR8251, Université de Paris/CNRS; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (R.N.V.-Q., B. Eymard, N.B.R., A.F.) and Neuromuscular Morphology Unit (N.B.R., M.F.), Institut de Myologie, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.v.d.H.), Medinzinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; AP-HP (C.M., P.R.), Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, UF Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Department of Neurology (V.G.), University Hospital of Montpellier, France; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (S.D.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (E.B.), Bambino Gesu' Children's Research Hospital, Rome, Italy; Departamento de Neurología Pediátrica (C.C.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Paediatrics Department (D.C.), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France; Neuromuscular Unit (J.C.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (J.C.), ISCIII; Department of Neurology (M.L.C.), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos; Department of Medicine (M.L.C.), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology (I.D.), Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France; Department of Child Neurology (N.G.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatric Neurology (A.K.), Center for Chronically Sick Children, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neuropediatrics (E.L.), CHRU de Tours, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR INSERM U1253, Tours, France; Department of Neuropediatrics (J.L.), University Children's Hospital of Basel (UKBB), Switzerland; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (E.M.), Neurology Department, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, Garches; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (M.M.), Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.M.), University of Bologna, Italy; Réanimation Médicale, Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles et Centre d'Investigation Clinique, UMR 1429 (D.O.), INSERM-UMR, 1179, UVSQ (D.O.), and Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Intensive Care and Rehabilitation, AP-HP, UVSQ Paris Saclay (B. Estournet, S.Q.-R.), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France; Department of Neurology (U.R.), Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, German; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (M.A.S.), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Friedrich-Baur-Institut (B.S.-W.), Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany; The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre (V.S.), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Department of Child Neurology (H.T.), Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Centre de Compétence Neuromusculaire (J.A.U.), Hôpital Marin, Hendaye, France; Department of Neurology (A.v.d.K.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology (E.W.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Germany; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Pediatric Neurology (U.S.), Developmental Neurology and Social Pediatrics, University of Essen, Germany
| | - Volker Straub
- From the Basic and Translational Myology Lab (R.N.V.-Q., V.G., A.F.), UMR8251, Université de Paris/CNRS; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (R.N.V.-Q., B. Eymard, N.B.R., A.F.) and Neuromuscular Morphology Unit (N.B.R., M.F.), Institut de Myologie, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.v.d.H.), Medinzinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; AP-HP (C.M., P.R.), Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, UF Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Department of Neurology (V.G.), University Hospital of Montpellier, France; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (S.D.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (E.B.), Bambino Gesu' Children's Research Hospital, Rome, Italy; Departamento de Neurología Pediátrica (C.C.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Paediatrics Department (D.C.), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France; Neuromuscular Unit (J.C.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (J.C.), ISCIII; Department of Neurology (M.L.C.), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos; Department of Medicine (M.L.C.), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology (I.D.), Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France; Department of Child Neurology (N.G.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatric Neurology (A.K.), Center for Chronically Sick Children, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neuropediatrics (E.L.), CHRU de Tours, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR INSERM U1253, Tours, France; Department of Neuropediatrics (J.L.), University Children's Hospital of Basel (UKBB), Switzerland; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (E.M.), Neurology Department, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, Garches; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (M.M.), Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.M.), University of Bologna, Italy; Réanimation Médicale, Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles et Centre d'Investigation Clinique, UMR 1429 (D.O.), INSERM-UMR, 1179, UVSQ (D.O.), and Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Intensive Care and Rehabilitation, AP-HP, UVSQ Paris Saclay (B. Estournet, S.Q.-R.), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France; Department of Neurology (U.R.), Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, German; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (M.A.S.), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Friedrich-Baur-Institut (B.S.-W.), Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany; The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre (V.S.), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Department of Child Neurology (H.T.), Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Centre de Compétence Neuromusculaire (J.A.U.), Hôpital Marin, Hendaye, France; Department of Neurology (A.v.d.K.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology (E.W.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Germany; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Pediatric Neurology (U.S.), Developmental Neurology and Social Pediatrics, University of Essen, Germany
| | - Haluk Topaloglu
- From the Basic and Translational Myology Lab (R.N.V.-Q., V.G., A.F.), UMR8251, Université de Paris/CNRS; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (R.N.V.-Q., B. Eymard, N.B.R., A.F.) and Neuromuscular Morphology Unit (N.B.R., M.F.), Institut de Myologie, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.v.d.H.), Medinzinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; AP-HP (C.M., P.R.), Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, UF Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Department of Neurology (V.G.), University Hospital of Montpellier, France; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (S.D.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (E.B.), Bambino Gesu' Children's Research Hospital, Rome, Italy; Departamento de Neurología Pediátrica (C.C.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Paediatrics Department (D.C.), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France; Neuromuscular Unit (J.C.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (J.C.), ISCIII; Department of Neurology (M.L.C.), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos; Department of Medicine (M.L.C.), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology (I.D.), Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France; Department of Child Neurology (N.G.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatric Neurology (A.K.), Center for Chronically Sick Children, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neuropediatrics (E.L.), CHRU de Tours, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR INSERM U1253, Tours, France; Department of Neuropediatrics (J.L.), University Children's Hospital of Basel (UKBB), Switzerland; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (E.M.), Neurology Department, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, Garches; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (M.M.), Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.M.), University of Bologna, Italy; Réanimation Médicale, Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles et Centre d'Investigation Clinique, UMR 1429 (D.O.), INSERM-UMR, 1179, UVSQ (D.O.), and Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Intensive Care and Rehabilitation, AP-HP, UVSQ Paris Saclay (B. Estournet, S.Q.-R.), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France; Department of Neurology (U.R.), Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, German; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (M.A.S.), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Friedrich-Baur-Institut (B.S.-W.), Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany; The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre (V.S.), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Department of Child Neurology (H.T.), Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Centre de Compétence Neuromusculaire (J.A.U.), Hôpital Marin, Hendaye, France; Department of Neurology (A.v.d.K.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology (E.W.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Germany; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Pediatric Neurology (U.S.), Developmental Neurology and Social Pediatrics, University of Essen, Germany
| | - J Andoni Urtizberea
- From the Basic and Translational Myology Lab (R.N.V.-Q., V.G., A.F.), UMR8251, Université de Paris/CNRS; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (R.N.V.-Q., B. Eymard, N.B.R., A.F.) and Neuromuscular Morphology Unit (N.B.R., M.F.), Institut de Myologie, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.v.d.H.), Medinzinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; AP-HP (C.M., P.R.), Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, UF Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Department of Neurology (V.G.), University Hospital of Montpellier, France; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (S.D.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (E.B.), Bambino Gesu' Children's Research Hospital, Rome, Italy; Departamento de Neurología Pediátrica (C.C.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Paediatrics Department (D.C.), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France; Neuromuscular Unit (J.C.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (J.C.), ISCIII; Department of Neurology (M.L.C.), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos; Department of Medicine (M.L.C.), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology (I.D.), Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France; Department of Child Neurology (N.G.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatric Neurology (A.K.), Center for Chronically Sick Children, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neuropediatrics (E.L.), CHRU de Tours, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR INSERM U1253, Tours, France; Department of Neuropediatrics (J.L.), University Children's Hospital of Basel (UKBB), Switzerland; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (E.M.), Neurology Department, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, Garches; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (M.M.), Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.M.), University of Bologna, Italy; Réanimation Médicale, Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles et Centre d'Investigation Clinique, UMR 1429 (D.O.), INSERM-UMR, 1179, UVSQ (D.O.), and Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Intensive Care and Rehabilitation, AP-HP, UVSQ Paris Saclay (B. Estournet, S.Q.-R.), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France; Department of Neurology (U.R.), Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, German; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (M.A.S.), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Friedrich-Baur-Institut (B.S.-W.), Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany; The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre (V.S.), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Department of Child Neurology (H.T.), Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Centre de Compétence Neuromusculaire (J.A.U.), Hôpital Marin, Hendaye, France; Department of Neurology (A.v.d.K.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology (E.W.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Germany; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Pediatric Neurology (U.S.), Developmental Neurology and Social Pediatrics, University of Essen, Germany
| | - Anneke van der Kooi
- From the Basic and Translational Myology Lab (R.N.V.-Q., V.G., A.F.), UMR8251, Université de Paris/CNRS; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (R.N.V.-Q., B. Eymard, N.B.R., A.F.) and Neuromuscular Morphology Unit (N.B.R., M.F.), Institut de Myologie, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.v.d.H.), Medinzinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; AP-HP (C.M., P.R.), Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, UF Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Department of Neurology (V.G.), University Hospital of Montpellier, France; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (S.D.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (E.B.), Bambino Gesu' Children's Research Hospital, Rome, Italy; Departamento de Neurología Pediátrica (C.C.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Paediatrics Department (D.C.), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France; Neuromuscular Unit (J.C.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (J.C.), ISCIII; Department of Neurology (M.L.C.), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos; Department of Medicine (M.L.C.), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology (I.D.), Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France; Department of Child Neurology (N.G.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatric Neurology (A.K.), Center for Chronically Sick Children, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neuropediatrics (E.L.), CHRU de Tours, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR INSERM U1253, Tours, France; Department of Neuropediatrics (J.L.), University Children's Hospital of Basel (UKBB), Switzerland; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (E.M.), Neurology Department, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, Garches; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (M.M.), Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.M.), University of Bologna, Italy; Réanimation Médicale, Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles et Centre d'Investigation Clinique, UMR 1429 (D.O.), INSERM-UMR, 1179, UVSQ (D.O.), and Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Intensive Care and Rehabilitation, AP-HP, UVSQ Paris Saclay (B. Estournet, S.Q.-R.), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France; Department of Neurology (U.R.), Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, German; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (M.A.S.), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Friedrich-Baur-Institut (B.S.-W.), Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany; The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre (V.S.), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Department of Child Neurology (H.T.), Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Centre de Compétence Neuromusculaire (J.A.U.), Hôpital Marin, Hendaye, France; Department of Neurology (A.v.d.K.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology (E.W.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Germany; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Pediatric Neurology (U.S.), Developmental Neurology and Social Pediatrics, University of Essen, Germany
| | - Ekkehard Wilichowski
- From the Basic and Translational Myology Lab (R.N.V.-Q., V.G., A.F.), UMR8251, Université de Paris/CNRS; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (R.N.V.-Q., B. Eymard, N.B.R., A.F.) and Neuromuscular Morphology Unit (N.B.R., M.F.), Institut de Myologie, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.v.d.H.), Medinzinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; AP-HP (C.M., P.R.), Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, UF Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Department of Neurology (V.G.), University Hospital of Montpellier, France; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (S.D.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (E.B.), Bambino Gesu' Children's Research Hospital, Rome, Italy; Departamento de Neurología Pediátrica (C.C.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Paediatrics Department (D.C.), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France; Neuromuscular Unit (J.C.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (J.C.), ISCIII; Department of Neurology (M.L.C.), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos; Department of Medicine (M.L.C.), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology (I.D.), Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France; Department of Child Neurology (N.G.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatric Neurology (A.K.), Center for Chronically Sick Children, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neuropediatrics (E.L.), CHRU de Tours, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR INSERM U1253, Tours, France; Department of Neuropediatrics (J.L.), University Children's Hospital of Basel (UKBB), Switzerland; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (E.M.), Neurology Department, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, Garches; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (M.M.), Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.M.), University of Bologna, Italy; Réanimation Médicale, Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles et Centre d'Investigation Clinique, UMR 1429 (D.O.), INSERM-UMR, 1179, UVSQ (D.O.), and Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Intensive Care and Rehabilitation, AP-HP, UVSQ Paris Saclay (B. Estournet, S.Q.-R.), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France; Department of Neurology (U.R.), Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, German; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (M.A.S.), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Friedrich-Baur-Institut (B.S.-W.), Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany; The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre (V.S.), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Department of Child Neurology (H.T.), Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Centre de Compétence Neuromusculaire (J.A.U.), Hôpital Marin, Hendaye, France; Department of Neurology (A.v.d.K.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology (E.W.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Germany; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Pediatric Neurology (U.S.), Developmental Neurology and Social Pediatrics, University of Essen, Germany
| | - Norma B Romero
- From the Basic and Translational Myology Lab (R.N.V.-Q., V.G., A.F.), UMR8251, Université de Paris/CNRS; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (R.N.V.-Q., B. Eymard, N.B.R., A.F.) and Neuromuscular Morphology Unit (N.B.R., M.F.), Institut de Myologie, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.v.d.H.), Medinzinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; AP-HP (C.M., P.R.), Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, UF Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Department of Neurology (V.G.), University Hospital of Montpellier, France; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (S.D.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (E.B.), Bambino Gesu' Children's Research Hospital, Rome, Italy; Departamento de Neurología Pediátrica (C.C.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Paediatrics Department (D.C.), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France; Neuromuscular Unit (J.C.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (J.C.), ISCIII; Department of Neurology (M.L.C.), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos; Department of Medicine (M.L.C.), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology (I.D.), Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France; Department of Child Neurology (N.G.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatric Neurology (A.K.), Center for Chronically Sick Children, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neuropediatrics (E.L.), CHRU de Tours, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR INSERM U1253, Tours, France; Department of Neuropediatrics (J.L.), University Children's Hospital of Basel (UKBB), Switzerland; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (E.M.), Neurology Department, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, Garches; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (M.M.), Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.M.), University of Bologna, Italy; Réanimation Médicale, Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles et Centre d'Investigation Clinique, UMR 1429 (D.O.), INSERM-UMR, 1179, UVSQ (D.O.), and Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Intensive Care and Rehabilitation, AP-HP, UVSQ Paris Saclay (B. Estournet, S.Q.-R.), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France; Department of Neurology (U.R.), Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, German; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (M.A.S.), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Friedrich-Baur-Institut (B.S.-W.), Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany; The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre (V.S.), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Department of Child Neurology (H.T.), Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Centre de Compétence Neuromusculaire (J.A.U.), Hôpital Marin, Hendaye, France; Department of Neurology (A.v.d.K.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology (E.W.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Germany; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Pediatric Neurology (U.S.), Developmental Neurology and Social Pediatrics, University of Essen, Germany
| | - Michel Fardeau
- From the Basic and Translational Myology Lab (R.N.V.-Q., V.G., A.F.), UMR8251, Université de Paris/CNRS; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (R.N.V.-Q., B. Eymard, N.B.R., A.F.) and Neuromuscular Morphology Unit (N.B.R., M.F.), Institut de Myologie, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.v.d.H.), Medinzinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; AP-HP (C.M., P.R.), Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, UF Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Department of Neurology (V.G.), University Hospital of Montpellier, France; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (S.D.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (E.B.), Bambino Gesu' Children's Research Hospital, Rome, Italy; Departamento de Neurología Pediátrica (C.C.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Paediatrics Department (D.C.), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France; Neuromuscular Unit (J.C.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (J.C.), ISCIII; Department of Neurology (M.L.C.), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos; Department of Medicine (M.L.C.), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology (I.D.), Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France; Department of Child Neurology (N.G.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatric Neurology (A.K.), Center for Chronically Sick Children, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neuropediatrics (E.L.), CHRU de Tours, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR INSERM U1253, Tours, France; Department of Neuropediatrics (J.L.), University Children's Hospital of Basel (UKBB), Switzerland; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (E.M.), Neurology Department, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, Garches; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (M.M.), Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.M.), University of Bologna, Italy; Réanimation Médicale, Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles et Centre d'Investigation Clinique, UMR 1429 (D.O.), INSERM-UMR, 1179, UVSQ (D.O.), and Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Intensive Care and Rehabilitation, AP-HP, UVSQ Paris Saclay (B. Estournet, S.Q.-R.), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France; Department of Neurology (U.R.), Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, German; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (M.A.S.), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Friedrich-Baur-Institut (B.S.-W.), Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany; The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre (V.S.), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Department of Child Neurology (H.T.), Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Centre de Compétence Neuromusculaire (J.A.U.), Hôpital Marin, Hendaye, France; Department of Neurology (A.v.d.K.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology (E.W.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Germany; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Pediatric Neurology (U.S.), Developmental Neurology and Social Pediatrics, University of Essen, Germany
| | - Carsten G Bönnemann
- From the Basic and Translational Myology Lab (R.N.V.-Q., V.G., A.F.), UMR8251, Université de Paris/CNRS; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (R.N.V.-Q., B. Eymard, N.B.R., A.F.) and Neuromuscular Morphology Unit (N.B.R., M.F.), Institut de Myologie, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.v.d.H.), Medinzinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; AP-HP (C.M., P.R.), Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, UF Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Department of Neurology (V.G.), University Hospital of Montpellier, France; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (S.D.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (E.B.), Bambino Gesu' Children's Research Hospital, Rome, Italy; Departamento de Neurología Pediátrica (C.C.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Paediatrics Department (D.C.), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France; Neuromuscular Unit (J.C.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (J.C.), ISCIII; Department of Neurology (M.L.C.), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos; Department of Medicine (M.L.C.), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology (I.D.), Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France; Department of Child Neurology (N.G.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatric Neurology (A.K.), Center for Chronically Sick Children, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neuropediatrics (E.L.), CHRU de Tours, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR INSERM U1253, Tours, France; Department of Neuropediatrics (J.L.), University Children's Hospital of Basel (UKBB), Switzerland; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (E.M.), Neurology Department, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, Garches; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (M.M.), Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.M.), University of Bologna, Italy; Réanimation Médicale, Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles et Centre d'Investigation Clinique, UMR 1429 (D.O.), INSERM-UMR, 1179, UVSQ (D.O.), and Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Intensive Care and Rehabilitation, AP-HP, UVSQ Paris Saclay (B. Estournet, S.Q.-R.), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France; Department of Neurology (U.R.), Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, German; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (M.A.S.), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Friedrich-Baur-Institut (B.S.-W.), Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany; The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre (V.S.), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Department of Child Neurology (H.T.), Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Centre de Compétence Neuromusculaire (J.A.U.), Hôpital Marin, Hendaye, France; Department of Neurology (A.v.d.K.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology (E.W.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Germany; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Pediatric Neurology (U.S.), Developmental Neurology and Social Pediatrics, University of Essen, Germany
| | - Brigitte Estournet
- From the Basic and Translational Myology Lab (R.N.V.-Q., V.G., A.F.), UMR8251, Université de Paris/CNRS; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (R.N.V.-Q., B. Eymard, N.B.R., A.F.) and Neuromuscular Morphology Unit (N.B.R., M.F.), Institut de Myologie, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.v.d.H.), Medinzinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; AP-HP (C.M., P.R.), Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, UF Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Department of Neurology (V.G.), University Hospital of Montpellier, France; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (S.D.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (E.B.), Bambino Gesu' Children's Research Hospital, Rome, Italy; Departamento de Neurología Pediátrica (C.C.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Paediatrics Department (D.C.), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France; Neuromuscular Unit (J.C.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (J.C.), ISCIII; Department of Neurology (M.L.C.), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos; Department of Medicine (M.L.C.), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology (I.D.), Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France; Department of Child Neurology (N.G.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatric Neurology (A.K.), Center for Chronically Sick Children, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neuropediatrics (E.L.), CHRU de Tours, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR INSERM U1253, Tours, France; Department of Neuropediatrics (J.L.), University Children's Hospital of Basel (UKBB), Switzerland; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (E.M.), Neurology Department, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, Garches; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (M.M.), Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.M.), University of Bologna, Italy; Réanimation Médicale, Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles et Centre d'Investigation Clinique, UMR 1429 (D.O.), INSERM-UMR, 1179, UVSQ (D.O.), and Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Intensive Care and Rehabilitation, AP-HP, UVSQ Paris Saclay (B. Estournet, S.Q.-R.), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France; Department of Neurology (U.R.), Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, German; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (M.A.S.), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Friedrich-Baur-Institut (B.S.-W.), Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany; The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre (V.S.), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Department of Child Neurology (H.T.), Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Centre de Compétence Neuromusculaire (J.A.U.), Hôpital Marin, Hendaye, France; Department of Neurology (A.v.d.K.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology (E.W.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Germany; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Pediatric Neurology (U.S.), Developmental Neurology and Social Pediatrics, University of Essen, Germany
| | - Pascale Richard
- From the Basic and Translational Myology Lab (R.N.V.-Q., V.G., A.F.), UMR8251, Université de Paris/CNRS; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (R.N.V.-Q., B. Eymard, N.B.R., A.F.) and Neuromuscular Morphology Unit (N.B.R., M.F.), Institut de Myologie, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.v.d.H.), Medinzinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; AP-HP (C.M., P.R.), Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, UF Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Department of Neurology (V.G.), University Hospital of Montpellier, France; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (S.D.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (E.B.), Bambino Gesu' Children's Research Hospital, Rome, Italy; Departamento de Neurología Pediátrica (C.C.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Paediatrics Department (D.C.), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France; Neuromuscular Unit (J.C.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (J.C.), ISCIII; Department of Neurology (M.L.C.), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos; Department of Medicine (M.L.C.), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology (I.D.), Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France; Department of Child Neurology (N.G.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatric Neurology (A.K.), Center for Chronically Sick Children, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neuropediatrics (E.L.), CHRU de Tours, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR INSERM U1253, Tours, France; Department of Neuropediatrics (J.L.), University Children's Hospital of Basel (UKBB), Switzerland; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (E.M.), Neurology Department, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, Garches; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (M.M.), Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.M.), University of Bologna, Italy; Réanimation Médicale, Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles et Centre d'Investigation Clinique, UMR 1429 (D.O.), INSERM-UMR, 1179, UVSQ (D.O.), and Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Intensive Care and Rehabilitation, AP-HP, UVSQ Paris Saclay (B. Estournet, S.Q.-R.), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France; Department of Neurology (U.R.), Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, German; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (M.A.S.), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Friedrich-Baur-Institut (B.S.-W.), Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany; The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre (V.S.), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Department of Child Neurology (H.T.), Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Centre de Compétence Neuromusculaire (J.A.U.), Hôpital Marin, Hendaye, France; Department of Neurology (A.v.d.K.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology (E.W.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Germany; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Pediatric Neurology (U.S.), Developmental Neurology and Social Pediatrics, University of Essen, Germany
| | - Susana Quijano-Roy
- From the Basic and Translational Myology Lab (R.N.V.-Q., V.G., A.F.), UMR8251, Université de Paris/CNRS; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (R.N.V.-Q., B. Eymard, N.B.R., A.F.) and Neuromuscular Morphology Unit (N.B.R., M.F.), Institut de Myologie, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.v.d.H.), Medinzinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; AP-HP (C.M., P.R.), Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, UF Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Department of Neurology (V.G.), University Hospital of Montpellier, France; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (S.D.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (E.B.), Bambino Gesu' Children's Research Hospital, Rome, Italy; Departamento de Neurología Pediátrica (C.C.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Paediatrics Department (D.C.), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France; Neuromuscular Unit (J.C.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (J.C.), ISCIII; Department of Neurology (M.L.C.), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos; Department of Medicine (M.L.C.), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology (I.D.), Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France; Department of Child Neurology (N.G.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatric Neurology (A.K.), Center for Chronically Sick Children, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neuropediatrics (E.L.), CHRU de Tours, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR INSERM U1253, Tours, France; Department of Neuropediatrics (J.L.), University Children's Hospital of Basel (UKBB), Switzerland; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (E.M.), Neurology Department, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, Garches; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (M.M.), Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.M.), University of Bologna, Italy; Réanimation Médicale, Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles et Centre d'Investigation Clinique, UMR 1429 (D.O.), INSERM-UMR, 1179, UVSQ (D.O.), and Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Intensive Care and Rehabilitation, AP-HP, UVSQ Paris Saclay (B. Estournet, S.Q.-R.), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France; Department of Neurology (U.R.), Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, German; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (M.A.S.), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Friedrich-Baur-Institut (B.S.-W.), Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany; The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre (V.S.), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Department of Child Neurology (H.T.), Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Centre de Compétence Neuromusculaire (J.A.U.), Hôpital Marin, Hendaye, France; Department of Neurology (A.v.d.K.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology (E.W.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Germany; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Pediatric Neurology (U.S.), Developmental Neurology and Social Pediatrics, University of Essen, Germany
| | - Ulrike Schara
- From the Basic and Translational Myology Lab (R.N.V.-Q., V.G., A.F.), UMR8251, Université de Paris/CNRS; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (R.N.V.-Q., B. Eymard, N.B.R., A.F.) and Neuromuscular Morphology Unit (N.B.R., M.F.), Institut de Myologie, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.v.d.H.), Medinzinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; AP-HP (C.M., P.R.), Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, UF Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Department of Neurology (V.G.), University Hospital of Montpellier, France; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (S.D.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (E.B.), Bambino Gesu' Children's Research Hospital, Rome, Italy; Departamento de Neurología Pediátrica (C.C.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Paediatrics Department (D.C.), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France; Neuromuscular Unit (J.C.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (J.C.), ISCIII; Department of Neurology (M.L.C.), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos; Department of Medicine (M.L.C.), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology (I.D.), Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France; Department of Child Neurology (N.G.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatric Neurology (A.K.), Center for Chronically Sick Children, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neuropediatrics (E.L.), CHRU de Tours, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR INSERM U1253, Tours, France; Department of Neuropediatrics (J.L.), University Children's Hospital of Basel (UKBB), Switzerland; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (E.M.), Neurology Department, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, Garches; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (M.M.), Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.M.), University of Bologna, Italy; Réanimation Médicale, Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles et Centre d'Investigation Clinique, UMR 1429 (D.O.), INSERM-UMR, 1179, UVSQ (D.O.), and Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Intensive Care and Rehabilitation, AP-HP, UVSQ Paris Saclay (B. Estournet, S.Q.-R.), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France; Department of Neurology (U.R.), Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, German; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (M.A.S.), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Friedrich-Baur-Institut (B.S.-W.), Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany; The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre (V.S.), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Department of Child Neurology (H.T.), Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Centre de Compétence Neuromusculaire (J.A.U.), Hôpital Marin, Hendaye, France; Department of Neurology (A.v.d.K.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology (E.W.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Germany; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Pediatric Neurology (U.S.), Developmental Neurology and Social Pediatrics, University of Essen, Germany
| | - Ana Ferreiro
- From the Basic and Translational Myology Lab (R.N.V.-Q., V.G., A.F.), UMR8251, Université de Paris/CNRS; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (R.N.V.-Q., B. Eymard, N.B.R., A.F.) and Neuromuscular Morphology Unit (N.B.R., M.F.), Institut de Myologie, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.v.d.H.), Medinzinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; AP-HP (C.M., P.R.), Centre de Génétique Moléculaire et Chromosomique, UF Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Department of Neurology (V.G.), University Hospital of Montpellier, France; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (S.D.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders (E.B.), Bambino Gesu' Children's Research Hospital, Rome, Italy; Departamento de Neurología Pediátrica (C.C.), Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile; Paediatrics Department (D.C.), Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France; Neuromuscular Unit (J.C.), Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) (J.C.), ISCIII; Department of Neurology (M.L.C.), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos; Department of Medicine (M.L.C.), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Neurology (I.D.), Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France; Department of Child Neurology (N.G.), University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatric Neurology (A.K.), Center for Chronically Sick Children, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neuropediatrics (E.L.), CHRU de Tours, Université François Rabelais de Tours, UMR INSERM U1253, Tours, France; Department of Neuropediatrics (J.L.), University Children's Hospital of Basel (UKBB), Switzerland; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (E.M.), Neurology Department, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, AP-HP, Garches; Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Nord/Est/Ile de France (M.M.), Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (L.M.), University of Bologna, Italy; Réanimation Médicale, Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles et Centre d'Investigation Clinique, UMR 1429 (D.O.), INSERM-UMR, 1179, UVSQ (D.O.), and Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Intensive Care and Rehabilitation, AP-HP, UVSQ Paris Saclay (B. Estournet, S.Q.-R.), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France; Department of Neurology (U.R.), Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus Technische Universität Dresden, German; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (M.A.S.), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Friedrich-Baur-Institut (B.S.-W.), Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.S.), University of Tübingen, Germany; The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre (V.S.), Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Department of Child Neurology (H.T.), Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Centre de Compétence Neuromusculaire (J.A.U.), Hôpital Marin, Hendaye, France; Department of Neurology (A.v.d.K.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology (E.W.), University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Germany; Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section (C.G.B.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and Department of Pediatric Neurology (U.S.), Developmental Neurology and Social Pediatrics, University of Essen, Germany.
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