1
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Heinl V, Seidl M, Balázs G, Scheer M. Reactivity of [Cp'' 2 Zr(η 1:1 -E 4 )] (E=P, As) towards Nucleophiles. Chemistry 2023:e202301016. [PMID: 37129582 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The functionalization of the polypnictogen ligand complexes [Cp''2 Zr(η1:1 -E4 )] (E=P (1 a), As (1 b); Cp''=1,3-di-tertbutyl-cyclopentadienyl) is focused to modify the features of the polypnictogen unit to explore new synthetic pathways for further transformations. The reaction behavior of 1 towards main group nucleophiles is investigated. The reaction of 1 a with t BuLi leads to the ionic product Li[Cp''2 Zr(η1:1 -P4 t Bu)] (2) where an organic group is attached to a bridgehead phosphorus atom of the butterfly unit. Further reactions of 2 with quenching electrophilic reagents enable the introduction of other substituents. Moreover, a condensation of 2 to [(Cp''2 Zr)2 (μ,η1:1:1:1 -P8 t Bu2 )] (3), containing a novel P8 -unit, has been observed. The reaction of 1 with LiNMe2 and LiCH2 SiMe3 leads to a partial fragmentation of the E4 unit and the compounds [Cp''2 Zr(η2 -E3 Nu)] (Nu=NMe2 : E=P (6 a), As (6 b); Nu=CH2 SiMe3 : E=P (7 a), As (7 b)) are formed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Heinl
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Seidl
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gábor Balázs
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
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2
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Kuchkaev AM, Kuchkaev AM, Khayarov KR, Zueva EM, Dobrynin AB, Islamov DR, Yakhvarov DG. PNP Ligands in Cobalt‐Mediated Activation and Functionalization of White Phosphorus. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202210973. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202210973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Airat M. Kuchkaev
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS Arbuzov Street 8 Kazan 420088 Russian Federation
- Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry Kazan Federal University Kremlyovskaya Street 18 Kazan 420008 Russian Federation
| | - Aidar M. Kuchkaev
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS Arbuzov Street 8 Kazan 420088 Russian Federation
- Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry Kazan Federal University Kremlyovskaya Street 18 Kazan 420008 Russian Federation
| | - Khasan R. Khayarov
- Institute of Physics Kazan Federal University Kremlyovskaya Street 18 Kazan 420008 Russian Federation
| | - Ekaterina M. Zueva
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS Arbuzov Street 8 Kazan 420088 Russian Federation
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry Kazan National Research Technological University Karl Marx Street 68 Kazan 420015 Russian Federation
| | - Alexey B. Dobrynin
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS Arbuzov Street 8 Kazan 420088 Russian Federation
| | - Daut R. Islamov
- Laboratory for Structural Studies of Biomacromolecules FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS Lobachevskogo Street 2/31 Kazan 420111 Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry G. Yakhvarov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS Arbuzov Street 8 Kazan 420088 Russian Federation
- Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry Kazan Federal University Kremlyovskaya Street 18 Kazan 420008 Russian Federation
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3
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Schwamm RJ, Kilpatrick AFR, Coles MP. Catenated (Bi)
n
(
n
=2, 3, 4) Complexes with Formally Monovalent Bismuth Centres. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202200260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J. Schwamm
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences Victoria University of Wellington Wellington PO Box 6012 New Zealand
| | | | - Martyn P. Coles
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences Victoria University of Wellington Wellington PO Box 6012 New Zealand
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4
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Piesch M, Nicolay A, Haimerl M, Seidl M, Balázs G, Don Tilley T, Scheer M. Binding, Release and Functionalization of Intact Pnictogen Tetrahedra Coordinated to Dicopper Complexes. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201144. [PMID: 35575052 PMCID: PMC9541576 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The bridging MeCN ligand in the dicopper(I) complexes [(DPFN)Cu2 (μ,η1 : η1 -MeCN)][X]2 (X=weakly coordinating anion, NTf2 (1 a), FAl[OC6 F10 (C6 F5 )]3 (1 b), Al[OC(CF3 )3 ]4 (1 c)) was replaced by white phosphorus (P4 ) or yellow arsenic (As4 ) to yield [(DPFN)Cu2 (μ,η2 : η2 -E4 )][X]2 (E=P (2 a-c), As (3 a-c)). The molecular structures in the solid state reveal novel coordination modes for E4 tetrahedra bonded to coinage metal ions. Experimental data and quantum chemical computations provide information concerning perturbations to the bonding in coordinated E4 tetrahedra. Reactions with N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) led to replacement of the E4 tetrahedra with release of P4 or As4 and formation of [(DPFN)Cu2 (μ,η1 : η1 -Me NHC)][X]2 (4 a,b) or to an opening of one E-E bond leading to an unusual E4 butterfly structural motif in [(DPFN)Cu2 (μ,η1 : η1 -E4 Dipp NHC)][X]2 (E=P (5 a,b), E=As (6)). With a cyclic alkyl amino carbene (Et CAAC), cleavage of two As-As bonds was observed to give two isomers of [(DPFN)Cu2 (μ,η2 : η2 -As4 Et CAAC)][X]2 (7 a,b) with an unusual As4 -triangle+1 unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Piesch
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of Regensburg93040RegensburgGermany
| | - Amélie Nicolay
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720–1460United States
- Chemical Sciences DivisionLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCalifornia94720United States
| | - Maria Haimerl
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of Regensburg93040RegensburgGermany
| | - Michael Seidl
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of Regensburg93040RegensburgGermany
| | - Gábor Balázs
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of Regensburg93040RegensburgGermany
| | - T. Don Tilley
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720–1460United States
- Chemical Sciences DivisionLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCalifornia94720United States
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of Regensburg93040RegensburgGermany
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5
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Schoening J, Gehlhaar A, Wölper C, Schulz S. Selective [2+1+1] Fragmentation of P 4 by heteroleptic Metallasilylenes. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201031. [PMID: 35638137 PMCID: PMC9400957 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Small-molecule activation by low-valent main-group element compounds is of general interest. We here report the synthesis and characterization (1 H, 13 C, 29 Si NMR, IR, sc-XRD) of heteroleptic metallasilylenes L1 (Cl)MSiL2 (M=Al 1, Ga 2, L1 =HC[C(Me)NDipp]2 , Dipp=2,6-i Pr2 C6 H3 ; L2 =PhC(Nt Bu)2 ). Their electronic nature was analyzed by quantum chemical computations, while their promising potential in small-molecule activation was demonstrated in reactions with P4 , which occurred with unprecedented [2+1+1] fragmentation of the P4 tetrahedron and formation of L1 (Cl)MPSi(L2 )PPSi(L2 )PM(Cl)L1 (M=Al 3, Ga 4).
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Schoening
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Center forNanointegration Duisburg-Essen (Cenide)University of Duisburg-EssenUniversitätsstrasse 5–745117EssenGermany
| | - Alexander Gehlhaar
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Center forNanointegration Duisburg-Essen (Cenide)University of Duisburg-EssenUniversitätsstrasse 5–745117EssenGermany
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Center forNanointegration Duisburg-Essen (Cenide)University of Duisburg-EssenUniversitätsstrasse 5–745117EssenGermany
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Center forNanointegration Duisburg-Essen (Cenide)University of Duisburg-EssenUniversitätsstrasse 5–745117EssenGermany
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6
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Xiong Y, Dong S, Yao S, Zhu J, Driess M. Unexpected White Phosphorus (P 4 ) Activation Modes with Silylene-Substituted o-Carboranes and Access to an Isolable 1,3-Diphospha-2,4-disilabutadiene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205358. [PMID: 35502702 PMCID: PMC9401593 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
New types of metal-free white phosphorus (P4 ) activation are reported. While the phosphine-silylene-substituted dicarborane 1, CB-SiP (CB=ortho-C,C'-C2 B10 H10 , Si=PhC(tBuN)2 Si, P=P[N(tBu)CH2 ]2 ), activates white phosphorus in a 2 : 1 molar ratio to yield the P5 -chain containing species 2, the analogous bis(silylene)-substituted compound 3, CB-Si2 , reacts with P4 in the molar ratio of 2 : 1 to furnish the first isolable 1,3-diphospha-2,4-disilabutadiene (Si=P-Si=P-containing) compound 4. For the latter reaction, two intermediates having a CB-Si2 P4 and CB-Si2 P2 core could be observed by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy. The compounds 2 and 4 were characterized including single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. Their electronic structures and mechanisms were investigated by density functional theory calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Xiong
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic MaterialsTechnische Universität BerlinStrasse des 17. Juni 135, Sekr. C210623BerlinGermany
| | - Shicheng Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM)College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen361005P. R. China
| | - Shenglai Yao
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic MaterialsTechnische Universität BerlinStrasse des 17. Juni 135, Sekr. C210623BerlinGermany
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM)College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen361005P. R. China
| | - Matthias Driess
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic MaterialsTechnische Universität BerlinStrasse des 17. Juni 135, Sekr. C210623BerlinGermany
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7
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Xiong Y, Dong S, Yao S, Zhu J, Driess M. Unexpected White Phosphorus (P
4
) Activation Modes with Silylene‐Substituted
o
‐Carboranes and Access to an Isolable 1,3‐Diphospha‐2,4‐disilabutadiene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Xiong
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials Technische Universität Berlin Strasse des 17. Juni 135, Sekr. C2 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Shicheng Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Shenglai Yao
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials Technische Universität Berlin Strasse des 17. Juni 135, Sekr. C2 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Matthias Driess
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials Technische Universität Berlin Strasse des 17. Juni 135, Sekr. C2 10623 Berlin Germany
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8
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Kumar Kushvaha S, Mishra A, Roesky HW, Chandra Mondal K. Recent Advances in the Domain of Cyclic (Alkyl)(Amino) Carbenes. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202101301. [PMID: 34989475 PMCID: PMC9307053 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202101301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Isolation of cyclic (alkyl) amino carbenes (cAACs) in 2005 has been a major achievement in the field of stable carbenes due to their better electronic properties. cAACs and bicyclic(alkyl)(amino)carbene (BicAAC) in essence are the most electrophilic as well as nucleophilic carbenes are known till date. Due to their excellent electronic properties in terms of nucleophilic and electrophilic character, cAACs have been utilized in different areas of chemistry, including stabilization of low valent main group and transition metal species, activation of small molecules, and catalysis. The applications of cAACs in catalysis have opened up new avenues of research in the field of cAAC chemistry. This review summarizes the major results of cAAC chemistry published until August 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ankush Mishra
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai600036India
| | - Herbert W. Roesky
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryTammannstrasse 4D-37077GöttingenGermany
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9
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Philipp MSM, Krahfuss MJ, Radacki K, Radius U. N‐Heterocyclic Carbene and Cyclic (Alkyl)(amino)carbene Adducts of Antimony(III). Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael S. M. Philipp
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Mirjam J. Krahfuss
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Krzysztof Radacki
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Udo Radius
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
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10
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Francisco MAS, Fantuzzi F, Cardozo TM, Esteves PM, Engels B, Oliveira RR. Taming the Antiferromagnetic Beast: Computational Design of Ultrashort Mn-Mn Bonds Stabilized by N-Heterocyclic Carbenes. Chemistry 2021; 27:12126-12136. [PMID: 34114702 PMCID: PMC8456913 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The development of complexes featuring low-valent, multiply bonded metal centers is an exciting field with several potential applications. In this work, we describe the design principles and extensive computational investigation of new organometallic platforms featuring the elusive manganese-manganese bond stabilized by experimentally realized N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs). By using DFT computations benchmarked against multireference calculations, as well as MO- and VB-based bonding analyses, we could disentangle the various electronic and structural effects contributing to the thermodynamic and kinetic stability, as well as the experimental feasibility, of the systems. In particular, we explored the nature of the metal-carbene interaction and the role of the ancillary η6 coordination to the generation of Mn2 systems featuring ultrashort metal-metal bonds, closed-shell singlet multiplicities, and positive adiabatic singlet-triplet gaps. Our analysis identifies two distinct classes of viable synthetic targets, whose electrostructural properties are thoroughly investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos A. S. Francisco
- Instituto de QuímicaUniversidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroAv. Athos da Silveira Ramos 14921941909Rio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - Felipe Fantuzzi
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische ChemieJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgEmil-Fischer-Straße 4297074WürzburgGermany
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Thiago M. Cardozo
- Instituto de QuímicaUniversidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroAv. Athos da Silveira Ramos 14921941909Rio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - Pierre M. Esteves
- Instituto de QuímicaUniversidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroAv. Athos da Silveira Ramos 14921941909Rio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - Bernd Engels
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische ChemieJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgEmil-Fischer-Straße 4297074WürzburgGermany
| | - Ricardo R. Oliveira
- Instituto de QuímicaUniversidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroAv. Athos da Silveira Ramos 14921941909Rio de JaneiroBrazil
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11
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Abstract
A systematic study of diverse halogenation reactions of the tetrahedral Mo2P2 ligand complex [{CpMo(CO)2}2(μ,η2:η2-P2)] (1) is reported. By reacting 1 with different halogenating agents, a series of complexes such as [(CpMo)4(μ4-P)(μ3-PI)2(μ-I)(I)3(I3)] (2), [{CpMo(CO)2}2(μ-PBr2)2] (3a), [{CpMo(CO)2}(CpMoBr2)(μ-PBr2)2] (4a), [{CpMo(CO)2}2(μ-PCl2)2] (3b), and [{CpMo(CO)2}(CpMoCl2)(μ-PCl2)2] (4b) were obtained. Whereas the reaction of 1 toward various bromine and chlorine sources leads to similar results, a different behavior is observed in the reaction with iodine in which 2 is formed. The products were comprehensively characterized by spectroscopic methods and single crystal X-ray diffraction, and the electronic structures of 2, 3a, and 4a were elucidated by DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Garbagnati
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Seidl
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gábor Balázs
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
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12
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Schmid P, Fantuzzi F, Klopf J, Schröder NB, Dewhurst RD, Braunschweig H, Engel V, Engels B. Twisting versus Delocalization in CAAC- and NHC-Stabilized Boron-Based Biradicals: The Roles of Sterics and Electronics. Chemistry 2021; 27:5160-5170. [PMID: 33225473 PMCID: PMC8048672 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Twisted boron-based biradicals featuring unsaturated C2 R2 (R=Et, Me) bridges and stabilization by cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbenes (CAACs) were recently prepared. These species show remarkable geometrical and electronic differences with respect to their unbridged counterparts. Herein, a thorough computational investigation on the origin of their distinct electrostructural properties is performed. It is shown that steric effects are mostly responsible for the preference for twisted over planar structures. The ground-state multiplicity of the twisted structure is modulated by the σ framework of the bridge, and different R groups lead to distinct multiplicities. In line with the experimental data, a planar structure driven by delocalization effects is observed as global minimum for R=H. The synthetic elusiveness of C2 R2 -bridged systems featuring N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) was also investigated. These results could contribute to the engineering of novel main group biradicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Schmid
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgEmil-Fischer-Strasse 4297074WürzburgGermany
| | - Felipe Fantuzzi
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgEmil-Fischer-Strasse 4297074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Jonas Klopf
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgEmil-Fischer-Strasse 4297074WürzburgGermany
| | - Niklas B. Schröder
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgEmil-Fischer-Strasse 4297074WürzburgGermany
| | - Rian D. Dewhurst
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Volker Engel
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgEmil-Fischer-Strasse 4297074WürzburgGermany
| | - Bernd Engels
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgEmil-Fischer-Strasse 4297074WürzburgGermany
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13
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Termühlen S, Blumenberg J, Hepp A, Daniliuc CG, Hahn FE. Preparation of Complexes Bearing N‐Alkylated, Anionic or Protic CAACs Through Oxidative Addition of 2‐Halogenoindole Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202010988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Termühlen
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstrasse 30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Jonas Blumenberg
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstrasse 30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Alexander Hepp
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstrasse 30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - F. Ekkehardt Hahn
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstrasse 30 48149 Münster Germany
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14
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Termühlen S, Blumenberg J, Hepp A, Daniliuc CG, Hahn FE. Preparation of Complexes Bearing N-Alkylated, Anionic or Protic CAACs Through Oxidative Addition of 2-Halogenoindole Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:2599-2602. [PMID: 33022849 PMCID: PMC7898591 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202010988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
CAAC precursors 2-chloro-3,3-dimethylindole 1 and 2-chloro-1-ethyl-3,3-dimethylindolium tetrafluoroborate 2BF4 have been prepared and oxidatively added to [M(PPh3 )4 ] (M=Pd, Pt). Salt 2BF4 reacts with [Pd(PPh3 )4 ] in toluene at 25 °C over 4 days to yield complex cis-[3]BF4 featuring an N-ethyl substituted CAAC, two cis-arranged phosphines and a chloro ligand. Compound trans-[3]BF4 was obtained from the same reaction at 80 °C over 1 day. Salt 2BF4 reacts with [Pt(PPh3 )4 ] to give cis-[4]BF4 . The neutral indole derivative 1 adds oxidatively to [Pt(PPh3 )4 ] to give trans-[5] featuring a CAAC ligand with an unsubstituted ring-nitrogen atom. This nitrogen atom has been protonated with py⋅HBF4 to give trans-[6]BF4 bearing a protic CAAC ligand. The PdII complex trans-[7]BF4 bearing a protic CAAC ligand was obtained in a one-pot reaction from 1 and [Pd(PPh3 )4 ] in the presence of py⋅HBF4 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Termühlen
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 30, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Jonas Blumenberg
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 30, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Alexander Hepp
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 30, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Constantin G Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - F Ekkehardt Hahn
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 30, 48149, Münster, Germany
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15
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Dutta S, De S, Bose S, Mahal E, Koley D. Cooperative Donor-Acceptor Interactions in Stabilizing Carbene-Borane and Carbene-Alane Compounds: A Theoretical Insight. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201901163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sayan Dutta
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata; 741 246 Mohanpur India
| | - Sriman De
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata; 741 246 Mohanpur India
| | - Sanjoy Bose
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata; 741 246 Mohanpur India
| | - Eti Mahal
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata; 741 246 Mohanpur India
| | - Debasis Koley
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata; 741 246 Mohanpur India
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16
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Piesch M, Reichl S, Seidl M, Balázs G, Scheer M. Ringkontraktion durch NHC‐induzierte Pnictogen‐Abstraktion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201908397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Piesch
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Stephan Reichl
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Michael Seidl
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Gábor Balázs
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
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17
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Piesch M, Reichl S, Seidl M, Balázs G, Scheer M. Ring Contraction by NHC‐Induced Pnictogen Abstraction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:16563-16568. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201908397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Piesch
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Germany
| | - Stephan Reichl
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Germany
| | - Michael Seidl
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Germany
| | - Gábor Balázs
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Germany
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Germany
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18
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Borger JE, Le Corre G, Mei Y, Suter R, Schrader E, Grützmacher H. Transient Dipnictyl Analogues of Acrylamides, R−E=E′−CONR
2
, and a Related Diphosphadigalletane from Na[OCP] and (R
2
N)
2
ECl (E, E′=P, As, Ga). Chemistry 2019; 25:3957-3962. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201806116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaap E. Borger
- Department of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog Weg 1 Hönggerberg 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Grégoire Le Corre
- Department of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog Weg 1 Hönggerberg 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Yanbo Mei
- Department of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog Weg 1 Hönggerberg 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Riccardo Suter
- Department of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog Weg 1 Hönggerberg 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Erik Schrader
- Department of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog Weg 1 Hönggerberg 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Hansjörg Grützmacher
- Department of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog Weg 1 Hönggerberg 8093 Zürich Switzerland
- School of ChemistryLehn Institute of Functional Materials (LIFM)Sun Yat-sen University 135 West Xingang Road Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
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19
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Khan S, Roesky HW. Carbene-Stabilized Exceptional Silicon Halides. Chemistry 2018; 25:1636-1648. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shabana Khan
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune; Dr Homi Bhabha Road Pashan Pune 411008 India
| | - Herbert W. Roesky
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Georg-August-Universität; Tammannstrasse 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
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20
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Lu W, Xu K, Li Y, Hirao H, Kinjo R. Facile Activation of Homoatomic σ Bonds in White Phosphorus and Diborane by a Diboraallene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201808357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lu
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; Nanyang Link 21 Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Kai Xu
- Department of Chemistry; City University of Hong Kong; Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Hong Kong China
| | - Yongxin Li
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; Nanyang Link 21 Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Hajime Hirao
- Department of Chemistry; City University of Hong Kong; Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Hong Kong China
| | - Rei Kinjo
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; Nanyang Link 21 Singapore 637371 Singapore
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21
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Lu W, Xu K, Li Y, Hirao H, Kinjo R. Facile Activation of Homoatomic σ Bonds in White Phosphorus and Diborane by a Diboraallene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:15691-15695. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201808357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lu
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; Nanyang Link 21 Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Kai Xu
- Department of Chemistry; City University of Hong Kong; Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Hong Kong China
| | - Yongxin Li
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; Nanyang Link 21 Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Hajime Hirao
- Department of Chemistry; City University of Hong Kong; Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Hong Kong China
| | - Rei Kinjo
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; Nanyang Link 21 Singapore 637371 Singapore
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22
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Melancon KM, Gildner MB, Hudnall TW. Synthesis, Spectroscopic Characterization, and Redox Reactivity of a Cyclic (Alkyl) Amino Carbene-Derived Arsamethine Cyanine Dye. Chemistry 2018; 24:9264-9268. [PMID: 29775499 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In our efforts to prepare a diarsenic allotrope supported by two cyclic alkyl amino carbene (CAAC) ligands we stumbled upon the synthesis of the first carbene-supported chloroarsinidene 3, which has been fully characterized by a combination of NMR spectroscopic and XRD methods. Although further reduction of 3 was not possible, we found that addition of a second equivalent of CAAC in refluxing toluene afforded the first example of a crystallographically characterized arsamethine cyanine dye (4). The arsenic(I) dye is structurally similar to phosphorus analogues, and contains an arsenide anion with two stereochemically active lone pairs supported by two iminium ligands. The UV/Visible spectrum and redox chemistry of 4 were also explored. Upon reduction with one equivalent of KC8 , 3 is reduced to the originally targeted CAAC2 As2 allotrope 6, whereas oxidation provides access to the first example of an arsenic(II) radical dication (5).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kortney M Melancon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, 601 University Dr., San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
| | - M Brenton Gildner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, 601 University Dr., San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
| | - Todd W Hudnall
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, 601 University Dr., San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
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23
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Buss JA, Oyala PH, Agapie T. Terminal Molybdenum Phosphides with d Electrons: Radical Character Promotes Coupling Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:14502-14506. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201707921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A. Buss
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA 91125 USA
| | - Paul H. Oyala
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA 91125 USA
| | - Theodor Agapie
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA 91125 USA
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24
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Buss JA, Oyala PH, Agapie T. Terminal Molybdenum Phosphides with d Electrons: Radical Character Promotes Coupling Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201707921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A. Buss
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA 91125 USA
| | - Paul H. Oyala
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA 91125 USA
| | - Theodor Agapie
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA 91125 USA
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25
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Turek J, Braïda B, De Proft F. Bonding in Heavier Group 14 Zero-Valent Complexes-A Combined Maximum Probability Domain and Valence Bond Theory Approach. Chemistry 2017; 23:14604-14613. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Turek
- Eenheid Algemene Chemie (ALGC), Member of the QCMM VUB-UGent Alliance Research Group; Vrije Universiteit Brussel; Pleinlaan 2 1050 Brussels Belgium
| | - Benoît Braïda
- Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ Paris 06; UMR 7616, LCT F-75005; 4 place Jussieu 75252 Paris France
| | - Frank De Proft
- Eenheid Algemene Chemie (ALGC), Member of the QCMM VUB-UGent Alliance Research Group; Vrije Universiteit Brussel; Pleinlaan 2 1050 Brussels Belgium
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26
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Borger JE, Ehlers AW, Slootweg JC, Lammertsma K. Functionalization of P 4 through Direct P-C Bond Formation. Chemistry 2017; 23:11738-11746. [PMID: 28497639 PMCID: PMC5655700 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Research on chlorine-free conversions of P4 into organophosphorus compounds (OPCs) has a long track record, but methods that allow desirable, direct P-C bond formations have only recently emerged. These include the use of metal organyls, carbenes, carboradicals, and photochemical approaches. The versatile product scope enables the preparation of both industrially relevant organophosphorus compounds, as well as a broad range of intriguing new compound classes. Herein we provide a concise overview of recent breakthroughs and outline the acquired fundamental insights to aid future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaap E. Borger
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Andreas W. Ehlers
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of JohannesburgAuckland ParkJohannesburg2006South Africa
- Current address: Van “t Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - J. Chris Slootweg
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Current address: Van “t Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Koop Lammertsma
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of JohannesburgAuckland ParkJohannesburg2006South Africa
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27
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Paul USD, Radius U. What Wanzlick Did Not Dare To Dream: Cyclic (Alkyl)(amino)carbenes (cAACs) as New Key Players in Transition-Metal Chemistry. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201700397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ursula S. D. Paul
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Udo Radius
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
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28
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Melaimi M, Jazzar R, Soleilhavoup M, Bertrand G. Cyclische Alkylaminocarbene (CAACs): Neues von guten Bekannten. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201702148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohand Melaimi
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Chemistry Laboratory, UMI 3555, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, San Diego La Jolla CA 92093-0358 USA
| | - Rodolphe Jazzar
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Chemistry Laboratory, UMI 3555, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, San Diego La Jolla CA 92093-0358 USA
| | - Michèle Soleilhavoup
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Chemistry Laboratory, UMI 3555, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, San Diego La Jolla CA 92093-0358 USA
| | - Guy Bertrand
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Chemistry Laboratory, UMI 3555, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, San Diego La Jolla CA 92093-0358 USA
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29
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Melaimi M, Jazzar R, Soleilhavoup M, Bertrand G. Cyclic (Alkyl)(amino)carbenes (CAACs): Recent Developments. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:10046-10068. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201702148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 507] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohand Melaimi
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Chemistry Laboratory, UMI 3555, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, San Diego La Jolla CA 92093-0358 USA
| | - Rodolphe Jazzar
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Chemistry Laboratory, UMI 3555, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, San Diego La Jolla CA 92093-0358 USA
| | - Michèle Soleilhavoup
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Chemistry Laboratory, UMI 3555, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, San Diego La Jolla CA 92093-0358 USA
| | - Guy Bertrand
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Chemistry Laboratory, UMI 3555, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, San Diego La Jolla CA 92093-0358 USA
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30
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Seitz AE, Eckhardt M, Sen SS, Erlebach A, Peresypkina EV, Roesky HW, Sierka M, Scheer M. Unterschiedliche Reaktivität von As4
gegenüber Disilenen und Silylenen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201701740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas E. Seitz
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Regensburg; Universitätsstraße 31 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Maria Eckhardt
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Regensburg; Universitätsstraße 31 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Sakya S. Sen
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Georg-August-Universität; Tammannstraße 4 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Andreas Erlebach
- Otto-Schott-Institut für Materialforschung; Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena; Löbdergraben 32 07743 Jena Deutschland
| | - Eugenia V. Peresypkina
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Regensburg; Universitätsstraße 31 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS; Ak. Lavrentiev prosp. 3 630090 Novosibirsk Russland
- Novosibirsk State University; Pirogova str. 2 630090 Novosibirsk Russland
| | - Herbert W. Roesky
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Georg-August-Universität; Tammannstraße 4 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Marek Sierka
- Otto-Schott-Institut für Materialforschung; Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena; Löbdergraben 32 07743 Jena Deutschland
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Regensburg; Universitätsstraße 31 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
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31
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Seitz AE, Eckhardt M, Sen SS, Erlebach A, Peresypkina EV, Roesky HW, Sierka M, Scheer M. Different Reactivity of As 4 towards Disilenes and Silylenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:6655-6659. [PMID: 28471032 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201701740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The activation of yellow arsenic is possible with the silylene [PhC(NtBu)2 SiN(SiMe3 )2 ] (1) and the disilene [(Me3 Si)2 N(η1 -Me5 C5 )Si=Si(η1 -Me5 C5 )N(SiMe3 )2 ] (3). The reaction of As4 with 1 leads to the unprecedented As10 cage compound [(LSiN(SiMe3 )2 )3 As10 ] (2; L=PhC(NtBu)2 ) with an As7 nortricyclane core stabilized by arsasilene moieties containing silicon(II)bis(trimethylsilyl)amide substituents. In contrast, the compound [Cp*{(SiMe3 )2 N}SiAs]2 (4) containing a butterfly-like diarsadisilabicyclo[1.1.0]butane unit is formed by the reaction of As4 with the disilene 3. Both compounds were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, NMR spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. The reaction outcomes demonstrate the different reaction behavior of yellow arsenic (As4 ) compared to white phosphorus (P4 ) in the reactions with the corresponding silylenes and disilenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas E Seitz
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Maria Eckhardt
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sakya S Sen
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Georg-August-University, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Erlebach
- Otto-Schott-Institut für Materialforschung, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Löbdergraben 32, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Eugenia V Peresypkina
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93040, Regensburg, Germany.,Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Ak. Lavrentiev prosp. 3, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova str. 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Herbert W Roesky
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Georg-August-University, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marek Sierka
- Otto-Schott-Institut für Materialforschung, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Löbdergraben 32, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
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32
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Ganesamoorthy C, Krüger J, Wölper C, Nizovtsev AS, Schulz S. Reduction of [Cp*Sb] 4 with Subvalent Main-Group Metal Reductants: Syntheses and Structures of [(L 1 Mg) 4 (Sb 4 )] and [(L 2 Ga) 2 (Sb 4 )] Containing Edge-Missing Sb 4 Units. Chemistry 2017; 23:2461-2468. [PMID: 27921335 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201605547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
[Cp*Sb]4 (Cp*=C5 Me5 ) reacts with [L1 Mg]2 and L2 Ga with formation of [(L1 Mg)4 (μ4 ,η1:2:2:2 -Sb4 )] (L1 =iPr2 NC[N(2,6-iPr2 C6 H3 )]2 , 1) and [(L2 Ga)2 (μ,η2:2 -Sb4 )] (L2 =HC[C(Me)N(2,6-iPr2 C6 H3 )]2 , 2). The cleavage of the Sb-Sb and Sb-C bonds in [Cp*Sb]4 are the crucial steps in both reactions. The formation of 1 occurred by elimination of the Cp* anion and formation of Cp*MgL1 , while 2 was formed by reductive elimination of Cp*2 and oxidative addition of L2 Ga to the Sb4 unit. 1 and 2 were characterized by heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and their bonding situation was studied by quantum chemical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelladurai Ganesamoorthy
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for NanoIntegration (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5-7, S07 S03 C30, 45117, Essen, Germany
| | - Julia Krüger
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for NanoIntegration (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5-7, S07 S03 C30, 45117, Essen, Germany
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for NanoIntegration (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5-7, S07 S03 C30, 45117, Essen, Germany
| | - Anton S Nizovtsev
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Academician Lavrentiev Avenue 3, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation.,Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Street 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for NanoIntegration (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5-7, S07 S03 C30, 45117, Essen, Germany
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33
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Borger JE, Ehlers AW, Lutz M, Slootweg JC, Lammertsma K. Selective [3+1] Fragmentations of P 4 by "P" Transfer from a Lewis Acid Stabilized [RP 4 ] - Butterfly Anion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 56:285-290. [PMID: 27900815 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201607234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Two [3+1] fragmentations of the Lewis acid stabilized bicyclo[1.1.0]tetraphosphabutanide Li[Mes*P4 ⋅ BPh3 ] (Mes*=2,4,6-tBu3 C6 H2 ) are reported. The reactions proceed by extrusion of a P1 fragment, induced by either an imidazolium salt or phenylisocyanate, with release of the transient triphosphirene Mes*P3 , which was isolated as a dimer and trapped by 1,3-cyclohexadiene as a Diels-Alder adduct. DFT quantum chemical computations were used to delineate the reaction mechanisms. These unprecedented pathways grant access to both P1 - and P3 -containing organophosphorus compounds in two simple steps from white phosphorus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaap E Borger
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andreas W Ehlers
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Johannesburg, 2006, South Africa.,Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Lutz
- Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584, CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - J Chris Slootweg
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Koop Lammertsma
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Johannesburg, 2006, South Africa
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34
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Borger JE, Ehlers AW, Lutz M, Slootweg JC, Lammertsma K. Selective [3+1] Fragmentations of P
4
by “P” Transfer from a Lewis Acid Stabilized [RP
4
]
−
Butterfly Anion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201607234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaap E. Borger
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam De Boelelaan 1083 1081 HV Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Andreas W. Ehlers
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam De Boelelaan 1083 1081 HV Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Department of Chemistry University of Johannesburg Auckland Park Johannesburg 2006 South Africa
- Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Martin Lutz
- Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research Utrecht University Padualaan 8 3584 CH Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - J. Chris Slootweg
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam De Boelelaan 1083 1081 HV Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Koop Lammertsma
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam De Boelelaan 1083 1081 HV Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Department of Chemistry University of Johannesburg Auckland Park Johannesburg 2006 South Africa
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35
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Würtemberger-Pietsch S, Schneider H, Marder TB, Radius U. Adduct Formation, B-H Activation and Ring Expansion at Room Temperature from Reactions of HBcat with NHCs. Chemistry 2016; 22:13032-6. [PMID: 27428465 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We report the reactions of catecholborane (HBcat; 1) with unsaturated and saturated NHCs as well as CAAC(Me) . Mono-NHC adducts of the type HBcat⋅NHC (NHC=nPr2 Im, iPr2 Im, iPr2 Im(Me) , and Dipp2 Im) were obtained by stoichiometric reactions of HBcat with the unsaturated NHCs. The reaction of CAAC(Me) with HBcat yielded the B-H activated product CAAC(Me) (H)Bcat via insertion of the carbine-carbon atom into the B-H bond. The saturated NHC Dipp2 SIm reacted in a 2:2 ratio yielding an NHC ring-expanded product at room temperature forming a six-membered -B-C=N-C=C-N- ring via C-N bond cleavage and further migration of the hydrides from two HBcat molecules to the former carbene-carbon atom.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heidi Schneider
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Todd B Marder
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Udo Radius
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.
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36
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Wild U, Federle S, Wagner A, Kaifer E, Himmel HJ. Dehydrogenative Coupling Reactions with Oxidized Guanidino-Functionalized Aromatic Compounds: Novel Options for σ-Bond Activation. Chemistry 2016; 22:11971-6. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ute Wild
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Stefanie Federle
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Arne Wagner
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kaifer
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Hans-Jörg Himmel
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
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37
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Bauer M, Premužić D, Thiele G, Neumüller B, Tonner R, Raya-Barón Á, Fernández I, Kuzu I. Advanced NMR Methods and DFT Calculations on the Regioselective Deprotonation and Functionalization of 1,1′-Methylenebis(3-methylimidazole-2-thione). Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201600323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mona Bauer
- Philipps-Universität Marburg; Fachbereich Chemie; Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Dejan Premužić
- Philipps-Universität Marburg; Fachbereich Chemie; Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Günther Thiele
- Philipps-Universität Marburg; Fachbereich Chemie; Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Bernhard Neumüller
- Philipps-Universität Marburg; Fachbereich Chemie; Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Ralf Tonner
- Philipps-Universität Marburg; Fachbereich Chemie; Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Álvaro Raya-Barón
- Department of Chemistry and Physics; Laboratory of Organic Chemistry; University of Almería; Ctra. Sacramento s/n 04120 Almería Spain
| | - Ignacio Fernández
- Department of Chemistry and Physics; Laboratory of Organic Chemistry; University of Almería; Ctra. Sacramento s/n 04120 Almería Spain
- BITAL; Research Centre for Agricultural and Food Biotechnology; Almería Spain
| | - Istemi Kuzu
- Philipps-Universität Marburg; Fachbereich Chemie; Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35032 Marburg Germany
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38
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Molitor S, Gessner VH. Alkali Metal Carbenoids: A Case of Higher Stability of the Heavier Congeners. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:7712-6. [PMID: 27100278 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201601356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
As a result of the increased polarity of the metal-carbon bond when going down the group of the periodic table, the heavier alkali metal organyl compounds are generally more reactive and less stable than their lithium congeners. We now report a reverse trend for alkali metal carbenoids. Simple substitution of lithium by the heavier metals (Na, K) results in a significant stabilization of these usually highly reactive compounds. This allows their isolation and handling at room temperature and the first structure elucidation of sodium and potassium carbenoids. The control of stability was used to control reactivity and selectivity. Hence, the Na and K carbenoids act as selective carbene-transfer reagents, whereas the more labile lithium systems give rise to product mixtures. Additional fine tuning of the M-C interaction by means of crown ether addition further allows for control of the stability and reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Molitor
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Viktoria H Gessner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.
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39
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Molitor S, Gessner VH. Alkali Metal Carbenoids: A Case of Higher Stability of the Heavier Congeners. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201601356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Molitor
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Viktoria H. Gessner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
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40
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Bharatam PV, Arfeen M, Patel N, Jain P, Bhatia S, Chakraborti AK, Khullar S, Gupta V, Mandal SK. Design, Synthesis, and Structural Analysis of Divalent N(I) Compounds and Identification of a New Electron-Donating Ligand. Chemistry 2015; 22:1088-96. [PMID: 26615987 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The dative-bond representation (L→E) in compounds with main group elements (E) has triggered extensive debate in the recent past. The scope and limits of this nonclassical coordination bond warrant comprehensive exploration. Particularly compounds with (L→N←L')(+) arrangement are of special interest because of their therapeutic importance. This work reports the design and synthesis of novel chemical species with the general structural formula (L→N←L')(+) carrying the unusual ligand cyclohexa-2,5-diene-4-(diaminomethynyl)-1-ylidene. Four species belonging to the (L→N←L')(+) class carrying this unconventional ligand were synthesized. Quantum chemical and X-ray diffraction analyses showed that the electronic and geometric parameters are consistent with those of already reported divalent N(I) compounds. The molecular orbital analysis, geometric parameters, and spectral data clearly support the L→N and N←L' interactions in these species. The newly identified ligand has the properties of a reactive carbene and high nucleophilicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasad V Bharatam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar -, 160 062, Punjab, India.
| | - Minhajul Arfeen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar -, 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Neha Patel
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar -, 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Priyanka Jain
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar -, 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Sonam Bhatia
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar -, 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Asit K Chakraborti
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar -, 160 062, Punjab, India.
| | - Sadhika Khullar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Mohali, Sector 81, S.A.S. Nagar -, 140 308, Punjab, India
| | - Vijay Gupta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Mohali, Sector 81, S.A.S. Nagar -, 140 308, Punjab, India
| | - Sanjay K Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Mohali, Sector 81, S.A.S. Nagar -, 140 308, Punjab, India.
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41
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Borger JE, Ehlers AW, Lutz M, Slootweg JC, Lammertsma K. Stabilization and Transfer of the Transient [Mes*P4
]−
Butterfly Anion Using BPh3. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201508916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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42
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Borger JE, Ehlers AW, Lutz M, Slootweg JC, Lammertsma K. Stabilization and Transfer of the Transient [Mes*P4](-) Butterfly Anion Using BPh3. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 55:613-7. [PMID: 26610405 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201508916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The transient bicyclo[1.1.0]tetraphosphabutane anion, generated from white phosphorus (P4) and Mes*Li (Mes*=2,4,6-tBu3C6H2), can be trapped by BPh3 in THF. This Lewis acid stabilized anion can be used as an [RP4](-) transfer agent, reacting cleanly with neutral Lewis acids (B(C6F5)3, BH3, and W(CO)5) to afford unique singly and doubly coordinated butterfly anions, and with the trityl cation to form a neutral, nonsymmetrical, all-carbon-substituted P4 derivative. This reaction path enables a simple, stepwise functionalization of white phosphorus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaap E Borger
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam (The Netherlands)
| | - Andreas W Ehlers
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam (The Netherlands)
| | - Martin Lutz
- Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht (The Netherlands)
| | - J Chris Slootweg
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam (The Netherlands)
| | - Koop Lammertsma
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam (The Netherlands).
- Department of Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Johannesburg, 2006 (South Africa).
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43
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Bresien J, Schulz A, Villinger A. A Tricyclic Hexaphosphane. Chemistry 2015; 21:18543-6. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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44
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Abstract
The effect of ylide substitution at the α position to the carbene carbon (Cc ) atom on the stability and σ-donating ability of a number of cyclic carbenes has been studied theoretically. The stabilities of all of the carbenes were investigated from an evaluation of their singlet-triplet energy gaps and stabilization energies. All carbenes were found to have a stable singlet state. The energy of the σ-symmetric lone-pair orbital at the Cc atom increases as a result of the introduction of ylide centers near to the Cc atom. This indicates an enhanced σ-donating ability of the ylide-containing carbenes. The calculated carbonyl-stretching frequencies of the corresponding rhodium complexes, proton affinities, and nucleophilicity index values correlate well with the σ basicity of the carbenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bitupon Borthakur
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Napam-784 028, Assam (India)
| | - Ashwini K Phukan
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Napam-784 028, Assam (India).
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45
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Arrowsmith M, Hill MS, Johnson AL, Kociok-Köhn G, Mahon MF. Attenuated Organomagnesium Activation of White Phosphorus. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:7882-5. [PMID: 26014162 PMCID: PMC4648029 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201503065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Sequential reactions between a 2,6-diisopropylphenyl-substituted β-diketiminato magnesium n-butyl derivative and P4 allow the highly discriminating synthesis of unusual [nBu2P4]2− and [nBu2P8]2− cluster dianions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merle Arrowsmith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY (UK)
| | - Michael S Hill
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY (UK).
| | - Andrew L Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY (UK)
| | | | - Mary F Mahon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY (UK)
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46
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Arrowsmith M, Hill MS, Johnson AL, Kociok-Köhn G, Mahon MF. Attenuated Organomagnesium Activation of White Phosphorus. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201503065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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47
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Bresien J, Faust K, Schulz A, Villinger A. Tieftemperatur-Isolierung des bicyclischen Phosphinophosphoniumsalzes [Mes*2P4Cl][GaCl4]. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201500892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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48
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Bresien J, Faust K, Schulz A, Villinger A. Low-Temperature Isolation of the Bicyclic Phosphinophosphonium Salt [Mes*2P4Cl][GaCl4]. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:6926-30. [PMID: 25891039 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201500892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of [ClP(μ-PMes*)]2 (1) with the Lewis acid GaCl3 yielded a hitherto unknown tetraphosphabicyclo[1.1.0]butan-2-ium salt, [Mes*P4(Cl)Mes*][GaCl4] (3[GaCl4]), which incorporates a positively charged phosphonium center within its bicyclic P4 scaffold. The formation of the title compound was studied by means of low-temperature NMR experiments. This led to the identification of an intermediate cyclotetraphosphenium cation, which was trapped by reaction with dimethylbutadiene (dmb). All of the compounds were fully characterized by experimental and computational methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Bresien
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3a, 18059 Rostock (Germany)
| | - Kirill Faust
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3a, 18059 Rostock (Germany)
| | - Axel Schulz
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3a, 18059 Rostock (Germany). .,Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059 Rostock (Germany).
| | - Alexander Villinger
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3a, 18059 Rostock (Germany)
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49
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Fantuzzi F, Chaer Nascimento MA. Prediction of Boron-Boron Triple-Bond Polymers Stabilized by Janus-Type Bis(N-heterocyclic) Carbenes. Chemistry 2015; 21:7814-9. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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50
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Georgiou DC, Stringer BD, Hogan CF, Barnard PJ, Wilson DJD, Holzmann N, Frenking G, Dutton JL. The fate of NHC-stabilized dicarbon. Chemistry 2015; 21:3377-86. [PMID: 25588368 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201405416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The attempted synthesis of NHC-stabilized dicarbon (NHC=C=C=NHC) through deprotonation of a doubly protonated precursor ([NHC-CH=CH-NHC](2+) ) is reported. Rather than deprotonation, a clean reduction to NHC=CH-CH=NHC is observed with a variety of bases. The apparent resistance towards deprotonation to the target compound led to a reinvestigation of the electronic structure of NHC→CC←NHC, which showed that the highest occupied molecular orbital/lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO/LUMO) gap is likely too small to allow for isolation of this species. This is in contrast to the recent isolation of the cyclic alkylaminocarbene analogue (cAAC=C=C=cAAC), which has a large HOMO-LUMO gap. A detailed theoretical study illuminates the differences in electronic structures between these molecules, highlighting another case of the potential advantages of using cAAC rather than NHC as a ligand. The bonding analysis suggests that the dicarbon compounds are well represented in terms of donor-acceptor interactions L→C2 ←L (L=NHC, cAAC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayne C Georgiou
- Department of Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3086 (Australia)
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