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Lian Z, Liu L, He J, Fan S, Guo S, Li X, Liu G, Fan Y, Chen X, Li M, Chen C, Jiang H. Structurally Diverse Pyrene-decorated Planar Chiral [2,2]Paracyclophanes with Tunable Circularly Polarized Luminescence between Monomer and Excimer. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303819. [PMID: 37997515 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
We reported the synthesis of a series of structurally diverse CPL-active molecules, in which pyrene units were installed to chiral pm/po-[2,2]PCP scaffolds either with or without a triple bond spacer for pm/po-PCP-P1 and pm/po-PCP-P2, respectively. The X-ray crystallographic analyses revealed that these pyrene-based [2,2]PCP derivatives exhibited diverse structures and crystal packings in the solid phases. The pyrene-based [2,2]PCP derivatives exhibit various (chir)optical properties in organic solutions, depending on their respective structures. In a mixture of dioxane and water, pm/po-PCP-P1 emit green excimer fluorescence, whereas pm/po-PCP-P2 emit blue one. The chiroptical investigation demonstrated that Rp-pm-PCP-P1 and Rp-pm-PCP-P2 exhibited completely opposite CD and CPL signals even they possess the same chiral Rp-[2,2]PCP core. The same argument also holds for other chiral pyrene-based [2,2]PCP derivatives. The theoretical calculation revealed that these unusual phenomena were attributed to different orientation between transition electric dipole moments and the magnetic dipole moments originating from the presence or absence of a triple bond spacer. These pyrene-based [2,2]PCP derivatives display various colours and fluorescence emissions in the solid state and PMMA films, possibly due to the different packings as observed in the crystal structure. Moreover, these compounds also can interact with perylene diimide through π-π interactions, leading to near-white fluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Lian
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Lin Liu
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Jing He
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Shimin Fan
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Shengzhu Guo
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Xiaonan Li
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Guoqin Liu
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Yanqing Fan
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Xuebo Chen
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Meng Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Chuanfeng Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Hua Jiang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
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2
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Morisaki A, Inoue R, Morisaki Y. Synthesis of Two Novel Optically Active #-Shaped Cyclic Tetramers Based on Planar Chiral [2.2]Paracyclophanes. Chemistry 2022; 29:e202203533. [PMID: 36585383 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This study reports the synthesis of optically active cyclic tetramers comprising four stacked π-electron systems from two enantiomerically pure [2.2]paracyclophane compounds (bis-(para)-pseudo-ortho- and bis-(para)-pseudo-meta-tetrasubstituted [2.2]paracyclophane compounds). Depending on the combination of the absolute configurations of the planar chiral pseudo-ortho- and pseudo-meta-[2.2]paracyclophane units, the cyclic tetramers formed either parallel-#- or weave-#-structures. The optical and chiroptical properties of both structures were investigated experimentally and theoretically. In particular, the weave-#-shaped cyclic tetramer exhibited good chiroptical properties and emitted circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) with a high anisotropy factor (|glum | value of the order of 10-3 ) and a CPL brightness (BCPL ) higher than 100.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoi Morisaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1330, Japan
| | - Ryo Inoue
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1330, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Morisaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1330, Japan
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3
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Haensch VG, Görls H, Hertweck C. A Photochemical Macrocyclization Route to Asymmetric Strained [3.2] Paracyclophanes. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202202577. [PMID: 36094023 PMCID: PMC10092696 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The intricate frameworks of paracyclophanes are an important target for synthesis since they are found in various chiral auxiliaries, solar cells, high-performance plastics, pharmaceuticals, and molecular machines. Whereas numerous methods exist for the preparation of symmetric paracyclophanes, protocols for the efficient synthesis of strained asymmetric scaffolds are limited. Here we report a remarkably simple photochemical route to strained [3.2]paracyclophanes starting from readily available educts. By way of NMR and X-ray analyses, we discovered that UV-irradiation of an aromatic carboxylic ester tethered to a toluene moiety leads to the intramolecular formation of a new C-C bond, with loss of an alcohol. A systematic evaluation of the reaction conditions and substituents, as well as radical starter and triplet quenching experiments, point to a reaction mechanism involving an excited triplet state and hydrogen atom transfer. The new method proved to be robust and versatile enabling the synthesis of a range of cyclophanes with different substitutions, including an unusual diastereoisomer with two planar chiral centers, and thus proved to be a valuable addition to the synthetic toolbox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veit G. Haensch
- Department of Biomolecular ChemistryLeibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, HKIBeutenbergstrasse 11a07745JenaGermany
| | - Helmar Görls
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry (IAAC)Friedrich Schiller University JenaHumboldtstraße 807743JenaGermany
| | - Christian Hertweck
- Department of Biomolecular ChemistryLeibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, HKIBeutenbergstrasse 11a07745JenaGermany
- Faculty of Biological SciencesFriedrich Schiller University JenaHumboldtstraße 807743JenaGermany
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4
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Kumar SV, Guiry PJ. Zinc‐Catalyzed Enantioselective [3+2] Cycloaddition of Azomethine Ylides Using Planar Chiral [2.2]Paracyclophane‐Imidazoline N,O‐ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205516. [PMID: 35603757 PMCID: PMC9543521 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sundaravel Vivek Kumar
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology (CSCB) School of Chemistry University College Dublin (UCD) Belfield, Dublin 4 Ireland
| | - Patrick J. Guiry
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology (CSCB) School of Chemistry University College Dublin (UCD) Belfield, Dublin 4 Ireland
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5
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Kumar SV, Guiry PJ. Zinc‐Catalyzed Enantioselective [3+2] Cycloaddition of Azomethine Ylides Using Planar Chiral [2.2]Paracyclophane‐Imidazoline N,O‐ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sundaravel Vivek Kumar
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology (CSCB) School of Chemistry University College Dublin (UCD) Belfield, Dublin 4 Ireland
| | - Patrick J. Guiry
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology (CSCB) School of Chemistry University College Dublin (UCD) Belfield, Dublin 4 Ireland
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6
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Tsuchiya M, Inoue R, Tanaka K, Morisaki Y. Synthesis of Twisted Anthracenes: Induction of Twist Chirality by the Planar Chiral [2.2]Paracyclophane. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200418. [PMID: 35603977 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophane was employed as chiral scaffolds to twist an anthracene ring by tethering at its 1- and 8positions; thus, twist chirality was induced in the anthracene moiety. The chiroptical properties of the resulting molecule, including circular dichroism (CD) and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL), were found to be derived from the twist chirality. An analogous molecule bearing long alkyl chains was a viscous liquid, and its liquid film exhibited good CD and CPL profiles. The theoretical studies are carried out to determine the origin of these properties in the ground and excited states, which reproduced well the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoki Tsuchiya
- Kwansei Gakuin University - Kobe Sanda Campus: Kansei Gakuin Daigaku - Kobe Sanda Campus, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, JAPAN
| | - Ryo Inoue
- Kwansei Gakuin University - Kobe Sanda Campus: Kansei Gakuin Daigaku - Kobe Sanda Campus, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, JAPAN
| | - Kentaro Tanaka
- Kwansei Gakuin University - Kobe Sanda Campus: Kansei Gakuin Daigaku - Kobe Sanda Campus, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, JAPAN
| | - Yasuhiro Morisaki
- Kwansei Gakuin University - Kobe Sanda Campus: Kansei Gakuin Daigaku - Kobe Sanda Campus, Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, 1 Gakuen Uegahara, 669-1330, Sanda, JAPAN
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7
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He J, Yu M, Pang M, Fan Y, Lian Z, Wang Y, Wang W, Liu Y, Jiang H. Nanosized Carbon Macrocycles Based on a Planar Chiral Pseudo Meta- [2.2]Paracyclophane. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202103832. [PMID: 34962000 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Structural designs combining cycloparaphenylenes (CPPs) backbone with planar chiral [2.2]Paracyclophane ([2.2]PCP) lead to optical-active chiral macrocycles with intriguing properties. X-ray crystal analysis revealed aesthetic necklace-shaped structures and size-dependent packages with long-range channels. The macrocycles exhibit unique photophysical properties with high fluorescence quantum yield of up to 82%, and the fluorescent color varies with ring size. In addition, size-dependent chiroptical properties with moderately large CPL dissymmetry factor of 10 -3 and CPL brightness in the range of 30 - 40 M -1 cm -1 were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing He
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Mohan Yu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116029, P. R. China
| | - Maofu Pang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 252100, P. R. China
| | - Yanqing Fan
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Lian
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Wenguang Wang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Yajun Liu
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Hua Jiang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
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8
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Miki N, Maeda H, Inoue R, Morisaki Y. Syntheses and Chiroptical Properties of Optically Active V‐Shaped Molecules Based on Planar Chiral [2.2]Paracyclophane. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nanami Miki
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment School of Biological and Environmental Sciences Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Hazuki Maeda
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment School of Biological and Environmental Sciences Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Ryo Inoue
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment School of Biological and Environmental Sciences Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Morisaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment School of Biological and Environmental Sciences Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
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9
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Tanaka K, Inoue R, Morisaki Y. Optically Active Cyclic Oligomers Based on Planar Chiral [2.2]Paracyclophane. Chem Asian J 2021; 17:e202101267. [PMID: 34845839 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202101267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Optically active cyclic dimer, trimer, and tetramer, in which the p-arylene-ethynylenes were stacked, were prepared using enantiopure 4,7,12,15-tetrasubstituted [2.2]paracyclophane as the chiral building block. All molecules exhibited clear Cotton effects in their absorption bands with mirror image spectra, and the signals of the longest wavelengths of the (Rp )- and (Sp )-isomers were positive and negative, respectively. Their circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) signs corresponded with the those of the first Cotton effect. For all molecules, molecular orbitals were localized in one of the stacked p-arylene-ethynylenes in the excited states, resulting in a similar photoluminescence behavior. Although the cyclic dimer did not emit CPL, the cyclic trimer and tetramer exhibited intense CPL emissions with a relatively high dissymmetry factor in the order of 10-3 . Their optical and chiroptical properties were reproduced by time-dependent density functional theory calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Tanaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1337, Japan
| | - Ryo Inoue
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1337, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Morisaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1337, Japan
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10
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Asakawa R, Tabata D, Miki N, Tsuchiya M, Inoue R, Morisaki Y. Syntheses of Optically Active V‐Shaped Molecules: Relationship Between their Chiroptical Properties and the Orientation of the Stacked π‐Electron System. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Asakawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment School of Biological and Environmental Sciences Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (ISIR) Osaka University 8-1 Mihogaoka Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047 Japan
| | - Daiki Tabata
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment School of Biological and Environmental Sciences Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Nanami Miki
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment School of Biological and Environmental Sciences Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Motoki Tsuchiya
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment School of Biological and Environmental Sciences Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Ryo Inoue
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment School of Biological and Environmental Sciences Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Morisaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment School of Biological and Environmental Sciences Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
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11
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Biliz F, Cakici M. Regioselective Synthesis of 4,7,12,15‐Tetrasubstituted [2.2]Paracyclophanes: A Modular Route Involving Optical Resolution. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatmanur Biliz
- Faculty of Science Department of Chemistry Ataturk University 25240 Erzurum Turkey
| | - Murat Cakici
- Faculty of Science Department of Chemistry Ataturk University 25240 Erzurum Turkey
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12
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Piazzolla F, Minuti L, Temperini A. Metal-Free Hyperbaric Multicomponent Approach to 4-Aryl[2.2]Paracyclophanes. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2019.1647255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Piazzolla
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lucio Minuti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Andrea Temperini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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13
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Namba G, Mimura Y, Imai Y, Inoue R, Morisaki Y. Control of Axial Chirality by Planar Chirality Based on Optically Active [2.2]Paracyclophane. Chemistry 2020; 26:14871-14877. [PMID: 32767588 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Optically active X-shaped molecules based on the planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophane building block were prepared, in which di(methoxy)terphenyl units were stacked on the central benzene rings. At 25 °C, anisolyl rings freely rotate in solution, while in the crystal form, they are fixed by intramolecular CH-π interactions, thereby leading to the expression of the axial chirality, i.e., propeller chirality was exhibited by the planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophane moiety. The X-shaped molecule exhibited good circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) profiles with moderate ΦPL and a large glum value in the order of 10-3 at 25 °C, in solution. In contrast, at -120 °C, dual CPL emission with opposite signs was observed. According to the theoretical studies, the rotary motion of the anisolyl units is suppressed in the excited states, and so emission from two isomers could be observed. These results demonstrate that the axial chirality was controlled by the planar chirality, leading ultimately to propeller chirality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genki Namba
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, sanda, Hyogo, 669-1337, Japan
| | - Yuki Mimura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Yoshitane Imai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Ryo Inoue
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, sanda, Hyogo, 669-1337, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Morisaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, sanda, Hyogo, 669-1337, Japan
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Narsaria AK, Poater J, Fonseca Guerra C, Ehlers AW, Hamlin TA, Lammertsma K, Bickelhaupt FM. Distortion-Controlled Redshift of Organic Dye Molecules. Chemistry 2020; 26:2080-2093. [PMID: 31815315 PMCID: PMC7027851 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
It is shown, quantum chemically, how structural distortion of an aromatic dye molecule can be leveraged to rationally tune its optoelectronic properties. By using a quantitative Kohn-Sham molecular orbital (KS-MO) approach, in combination with time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT), the influence of various structural and electronic tuning parameters on the HOMO-LUMO gap of a benzenoid model dye have been investigated. These parameters include 1) out-of-plane bending of the aromatic core, 2) bending of the bridge with respect to the core, 3) the nature of the bridge itself, and 4) π-π stacking. The study reveals the coupling of multiple structural distortions as a function of bridge length and number of bridges in benzene to be chiefly responsible for a decreased HOMO-LUMO gap, and consequently, red-shifting of the absorption wavelength associated with the lowest singlet excitation (λ≈560 nm) in the model cyclophane systems. These physical insights together with a rational approach for tuning the oscillator strength were leveraged for the proof-of-concept design of an intense near-infrared (NIR) absorbing cyclophane dye at λ=785 nm. This design may contribute to a new class of distortion-controlled NIR absorbing organic dye molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayush K. Narsaria
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry and Amsterdam Center for, Multiscale Modeling (ACMM)Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Jordi Poater
- ICREAPg. Lluís Companys 2308010BarcelonaSpain
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica & IQTCUBUniversitat de BarcelonaMartí i Franquès 1-1108028BarcelonaSpain
| | - Célia Fonseca Guerra
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry and Amsterdam Center for, Multiscale Modeling (ACMM)Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Gorlaeus LaboratoriesLeiden Institute of ChemistryLeiden UniversityEinsteinweg 552333 CCLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Andreas W. Ehlers
- van't Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of JohannesburgAuckland ParkJohannesburg2006South Africa
| | - Trevor A. Hamlin
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry and Amsterdam Center for, Multiscale Modeling (ACMM)Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Koop Lammertsma
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry and Amsterdam Center for, Multiscale Modeling (ACMM)Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of JohannesburgAuckland ParkJohannesburg2006South Africa
| | - F. Matthias Bickelhaupt
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry and Amsterdam Center for, Multiscale Modeling (ACMM)Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 10831081 HVAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Institute of Molecules and Materials (IMM)Radboud University NijmegenHeyendaalseweg 1356525 AJNijmegenThe Netherlands
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Hassan Z, Spuling E, Knoll DM, Bräse S. Regioselective Functionalization of [2.2]Paracyclophanes: Recent Synthetic Progress and Perspectives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:2156-2170. [PMID: 31283092 PMCID: PMC7003812 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201904863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
[2.2]Paracyclophane (PCP) is a prevalent scaffold that is widely utilized in asymmetric synthesis, π-stacked polymers, energy materials, and functional parylene coatings that finds broad applications in bio- and materials science. In the last few years, [2.2]paracyclophane chemistry has progressed tremendously, enabling the fine-tuning of its structural and functional properties. This Minireview highlights the most important recent synthetic developments in the selective functionalization of PCP that govern distinct features of planar chirality as well as chiroptical and optoelectronic properties. Special focus is given to the function-inspired design of [2.2]paracyclophane-based π-stacked conjugated materials by transition-metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. Current synthetic challenges, limitations, as well as future research directions and new avenues for advancing cyclophane chemistry are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahid Hassan
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)Fritz-Haber-Weg 676131KarlsruheGermany
- 3DMM2O—Cluster of ExcellenceInstitute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Germany
| | - Eduard Spuling
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)Fritz-Haber-Weg 676131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Daniel M. Knoll
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)Fritz-Haber-Weg 676131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)Fritz-Haber-Weg 676131KarlsruheGermany
- 3DMM2O—Cluster of ExcellenceInstitute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Germany
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics (ITG)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
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Anderson CL, Dai N, Teat SJ, He B, Wang S, Liu Y. Electronic Tuning of Mixed Quinoidal‐Aromatic Conjugated Polyelectrolytes: Direct Ionic Substitution on Polymer Main‐Chains. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201908609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher L. Anderson
- The Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory One Cyclotron Road Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Nan Dai
- Laboratory of Organic Solids Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Simon J. Teat
- Advanced Light Source Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory One Cyclotron Road Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Bo He
- The Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory One Cyclotron Road Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory One Cyclotron Road Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Shu Wang
- Laboratory of Organic Solids Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- The Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory One Cyclotron Road Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory One Cyclotron Road Berkeley CA 94720 USA
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Hassan Z, Spuling E, Knoll DM, Bräse S. Regioselektive Funktionalisierung von [2.2]Paracyclophanen: aktuelle Synthesefortschritte und Perspektiven. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201904863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zahid Hassan
- Institut für Organische Chemie (IOC)Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Deutschland
- 3DMM2O – ExzellenzclusterInstitut für Organische Chemie (IOC)Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Deutschland
| | - Eduard Spuling
- Institut für Organische Chemie (IOC)Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Deutschland
| | - Daniel M. Knoll
- Institut für Organische Chemie (IOC)Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Deutschland
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institut für Organische Chemie (IOC)Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Deutschland
- 3DMM2O – ExzellenzclusterInstitut für Organische Chemie (IOC)Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Deutschland
- Institut für Toxikologie und Genetik (ITG)Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Deutschland
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Anderson CL, Dai N, Teat SJ, He B, Wang S, Liu Y. Electronic Tuning of Mixed Quinoidal‐Aromatic Conjugated Polyelectrolytes: Direct Ionic Substitution on Polymer Main‐Chains. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:17978-17985. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201908609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher L. Anderson
- The Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory One Cyclotron Road Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Nan Dai
- Laboratory of Organic Solids Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Simon J. Teat
- Advanced Light Source Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory One Cyclotron Road Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Bo He
- The Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory One Cyclotron Road Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory One Cyclotron Road Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Shu Wang
- Laboratory of Organic Solids Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- The Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory One Cyclotron Road Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory One Cyclotron Road Berkeley CA 94720 USA
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19
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Weiland KJ, Gallego A, Mayor M. Beyond Simple Substitution Patterns - Symmetrically Tetrasubstituted [2.2]Paracyclophanes as 3D Functional Materials. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J. Weiland
- Department of Chemistry; University of Basel; St. Johanns Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Almudena Gallego
- Department of Chemistry; University of Basel; St. Johanns Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Marcel Mayor
- Department of Chemistry; University of Basel; St. Johanns Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); P.O. Box 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany
- Lehn Institute of Functional Materials; School of Chemistry; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou 510275 China
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Kikuchi K, Nakamura J, Nagata Y, Tsuchida H, Kakuta T, Ogoshi T, Morisaki Y. Control of Circularly Polarized Luminescence by Orientation of Stacked π‐Electron Systems. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:1681-1685. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201801741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katsuaki Kikuchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Science and TechnologyKwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Jun Nakamura
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Science and TechnologyKwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Yuuya Nagata
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological ChemistryGraduate School of EngineeringKyoto University Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Hiromu Tsuchida
- Graduate School of Natural Science and TechnologyKanazawa University Kakuma-machi Kanazawa Ishikawa 920-1192 Japan
| | - Takahiro Kakuta
- Graduate School of Natural Science and TechnologyKanazawa University Kakuma-machi Kanazawa Ishikawa 920-1192 Japan
- WPI Nano Life Science InstituteKanazawa University Kakuma-machi Kanazawa Ishikawa 920-1192 Japan
| | - Tomoki Ogoshi
- Graduate School of Natural Science and TechnologyKanazawa University Kakuma-machi Kanazawa Ishikawa 920-1192 Japan
- WPI Nano Life Science InstituteKanazawa University Kakuma-machi Kanazawa Ishikawa 920-1192 Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Morisaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Science and TechnologyKwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
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Braun C, Nieger M, Thiel WR, Bräse S. [2.2]Paracyclophanes with N-Heterocycles as Ligands for Mono- and Dinuclear Ruthenium(II) Complexes. Chemistry 2017; 23:15474-15483. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Braun
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Martin Nieger
- Department of Chemistry; University of Helsinki; P.O. Box 55 00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Werner R. Thiel
- Fachbereich Chemie; Technische Universität Kaiserslautern; Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 54 67663 Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
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22
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Bally‐Le Gall F, Hussal C, Kramer J, Cheng K, Kumar R, Eyster T, Baek A, Trouillet V, Nieger M, Bräse S, Lahann J. Polylutidines: Multifunctional Surfaces through Vapor‐Based Polymerization of Substituted Pyridinophanes. Chemistry 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Florence Bally‐Le Gall
- Institute of Functional Interfaces Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
- Institute of Materials Science of Mulhouse, UMR 7361 UHA CNRS University of Strasbourg 68057 Mulhouse Cedex France
| | - Christoph Hussal
- Institute of Functional Interfaces Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Joshua Kramer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Kenneth Cheng
- Biointerfaces Institute and Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering University of Michigan 2800 Plymouth Road Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
| | - Ramya Kumar
- Biointerfaces Institute and Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering University of Michigan 2800 Plymouth Road Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
| | - Thomas Eyster
- Biointerfaces Institute and Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering University of Michigan 2800 Plymouth Road Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
| | - Amy Baek
- Biointerfaces Institute and Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering University of Michigan 2800 Plymouth Road Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
| | - Vanessa Trouillet
- Institute for Applied Materials and Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Martin Nieger
- Department of Chemistry University of Helsinski P.O. Box 55 00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Hermann von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Joerg Lahann
- Institute of Functional Interfaces Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
- Biointerfaces Institute and Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering University of Michigan 2800 Plymouth Road Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
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Mukherjee S, Dohno C, Nakatani K. Design and Synthesis of Cyclic Mismatch-Binding Ligands (CMBLs) with Variable Linkers by Ring-Closing Metathesis and their Photophysical and DNA Repeat Binding Properties. Chemistry 2017; 23:11385-11396. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjukta Mukherjee
- Department of Regulatory Bioorganic Chemistry; The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research; Osaka University; 8-1 Mihogaoka Ibaraki 567-0047 Japan
- National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS); Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR); Bellary Road Bangalore 560065 India
| | - Chikara Dohno
- Department of Regulatory Bioorganic Chemistry; The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research; Osaka University; 8-1 Mihogaoka Ibaraki 567-0047 Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nakatani
- Department of Regulatory Bioorganic Chemistry; The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research; Osaka University; 8-1 Mihogaoka Ibaraki 567-0047 Japan
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24
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Bahrin LG, Sarbu LG, Jones PG, Birsa LM, Hopf H. [2.2]Paracyclophane-Bis(triazole) Systems: Synthesis and Photochemical Behavior. Chemistry 2017; 23:12338-12345. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201701593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucian G. Bahrin
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Technical University of Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Laura G. Sarbu
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Technical University of Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
- Department of Chemistry; Al.I. Cuza University of Iasi; 11 Carol I 700506 Iasi Romania
| | - Peter G. Jones
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; Technical University of Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Lucian M. Birsa
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Technical University of Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
- Department of Chemistry; Al.I. Cuza University of Iasi; 11 Carol I 700506 Iasi Romania
| | - Henning Hopf
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Technical University of Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
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25
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Morisaki Y, Sawada R, Gon M, Chujo Y. New Types of Planar Chiral [2.2]Paracyclophanes and Construction of One-Handed Double Helices. Chem Asian J 2016; 11:2524-7. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201601028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Morisaki
- Department of Polymer Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku; Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment; School of Science and Technology; Kwansei Gakuin University; 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Risa Sawada
- Department of Polymer Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku; Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Masayuki Gon
- Department of Polymer Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku; Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Yoshiki Chujo
- Department of Polymer Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku; Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
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26
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Delcourt ML, Turcaud S, Benedetti E, Micouin L. Efficient and Scalable Kinetic Resolution of Racemic 4-Formyl[2.2]paracyclophaneviaAsymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201501153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Gon M, Kozuka H, Morisaki Y, Chujo Y. Optically Active Cyclic Compounds Based on Planar Chiral [2.2]Paracyclophane with Naphthalene Units. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201500468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Gon
- Department of Polymer Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku; Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Hiroto Kozuka
- Department of Polymer Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku; Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Morisaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment; School of Science and Technology; Kwansei Gakuin University; 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Yoshiki Chujo
- Department of Polymer Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku; Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
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29
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Gon M, Morisaki Y, Sawada R, Chujo Y. Synthesis of Optically Active, X-Shaped, Conjugated Compounds and Dendrimers Based on Planar Chiral [2.2]Paracyclophane, Leading to Highly Emissive Circularly Polarized Luminescence. Chemistry 2016; 22:2291-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201504270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Gon
- Department of Polymer Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University; Katsura, Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Morisaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment; School of Science and Technology; Kwansei Gakuin University; 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Risa Sawada
- Department of Polymer Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University; Katsura, Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Yoshiki Chujo
- Department of Polymer Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Kyoto University; Katsura, Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
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30
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Dix I, Bondarenko L, Jones PG, Ernst L, Ibrom K, Grunenberg J, Boese R, Hopf H. Preparation, Structural Properties and Thermal Isomerization of Hex-3-ene-1,5-diyne Bridged [2.2]Paracyclophanes. Chemistry 2014; 20:16360-76. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Revised: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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31
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Morisaki Y, Inoshita K, Chujo Y. Planar-Chiral Through-Space Conjugated Oligomers: Synthesis and Characterization of Chiroptical Properties. Chemistry 2014; 20:8386-90. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201402930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Broggi A, Tomasi I, Bianchi L, Marrocchi A, Vaccaro L. Small Molecular Aryl Acetylenes: Chemically Tailoring High-Efficiency Organic Semiconductors for Solar Cells and Field-Effect Transistors. Chempluschem 2014; 79:486-507. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201400001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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33
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Kramer JJP, Yildiz C, Nieger M, Bräse S. Direct Access to 4,5-Disubstituted [2.2]Paracyclophanes by Selectiveortho-Halogenation with Pd-Catalyzed C-H Activation. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201301723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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34
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Schaal née Lennartz P, Baars H, Raabe G, Atodiresei I, Bolm C. Phenyliodine Diacetate-Mediatedpara-Functionalizations of Amido- and Amino-Substituted [2.2]Paracyclophanes. Adv Synth Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201300547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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35
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Meyer-Eppler G, Vogelsang E, Benkhäuser C, Schneider A, Schnakenburg G, Lützen A. Synthesis, Chiral Resolution, and Absolute Configuration of Dissymmetric 4,12-Difunctionalized [2.2]Paracyclophanes. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201300412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Koyama Y, Hiroto S, Shinokubo H. Synthesis of Highly Distorted π-Extended [2.2]Metacyclophanes by Intermolecular Double Oxidative Coupling. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201301180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Koyama Y, Hiroto S, Shinokubo H. Synthesis of Highly Distorted π-Extended [2.2]Metacyclophanes by Intermolecular Double Oxidative Coupling. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:5740-3. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201301180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Wang H, Predeus AV, Wulff WD. Synthesis of [m.n]Cyclophanes: Regiochemistry Transfer from Vinyl Halides to Cyclophanes via Fischer Carbene Complexes. Chemistry 2013; 19:8261-7. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201204434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Lennartz P, Raabe G, Bolm C. Palladium-Catalyzed CH Bond Acetoxylation: An Approach toortho-Substituted Hydroxy[2.2]paracyclophane Derivatives. Adv Synth Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201200625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Mukhopadhyay S, Jagtap SP, Coropceanu V, Brédas JL, Collard DM. π-Stacked Oligo(phenylene vinylene)s Based on Pseudo-Geminal Substituted [2.2]Paracyclophanes: Impact of Interchain Geometry and Interactions on the Electronic Properties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:11629-32. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201205738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Revised: 09/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Mukhopadhyay S, Jagtap SP, Coropceanu V, Brédas JL, Collard DM. π-Stacked Oligo(phenylene vinylene)s Based on Pseudo-Geminal Substituted [2.2]Paracyclophanes: Impact of Interchain Geometry and Interactions on the Electronic Properties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201205738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Cakici M, Bräse S. Modular Synthesis of Planar-Chiralpara-Substituted Paracyclophanes by Double Suzuki Coupling. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201201043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Herrero-García N, del Rosario Colorado Heras M, del Rosario Torres M, Fernández I, Osío Barcina J. A Joint Experimental and Computational Investigation on Homoconjugated Push-Pull Chromophores Derived from 7,7-Diphenylnorbornane. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201200159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Morisaki Y, Ueno S, Saeki A, Asano A, Seki S, Chujo Y. π-Electron-System-Layered Polymer: Through-Space Conjugation and Properties as a Single Molecular Wire. Chemistry 2012; 18:4216-24. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201103653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Lennartz P, Raabe G, Bolm C. Synthesis of Planar Chiral Carbazole Derivatives Bearing a [2.2]Paracyclophane Skeleton. Isr J Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201100070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Frank D, Nieger M, Friedmann C, Lahann J, Bräse S. Functional Paracyclophanes: Synthesis of [2.2]Paracyclophanemethyldithiocarbonates Using Thione-Thiol Rearrangement of S,O-Dithiocarbonates (Benzyl Schönberg Rearrangement) at Mild Conditions. Isr J Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201100079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Elacqua E, Friščić T, MacGillivray LR. [2.2]Paracyclophane as a Target of the Organic Solid State: Emergent Properties via Supramolecular Construction. Isr J Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201100089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Marrocchi A, Tomasi I, Vaccaro L. Organic Small Molecules for Photonics and Electronics from the [2.2]Paracyclophane Scaffold. Isr J Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201100091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Junkers T, Vandenbergh J, Adriaensens P, Lutsen L, Vanderzande D. Synthesis of poly(p-phenylene vinylene) materials via the precursor routes. Polym Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c1py00345c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The precursor routes to obtain high-molecular weight poly(p-phenylene vinylene)s (PPVs) are reviewed with respect to their applicability towards specific synthesis goals and materials as well as their structural integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Junkers
- Hasselt University
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO)
- Diepenbeek
- Belgium
| | - Joke Vandenbergh
- Hasselt University
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO)
- Diepenbeek
- Belgium
| | - Peter Adriaensens
- Hasselt University
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO)
- Diepenbeek
- Belgium
| | | | - Dirk Vanderzande
- Hasselt University
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO)
- Diepenbeek
- Belgium
- IMEC
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Yu CY, Helliwell M, Raftery J, Turner ML. Synthesis and Ring-Opening Metathesis of Tetraalkoxy-Substituted [2.2]Paracyclophane-1,9-dienes. Chemistry 2011; 17:6991-7. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201003147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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