1
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Bock L, Schultheiß SK, Maschauer S, Lasch R, Gradl S, Prante O, Zard SZ, Heinrich MR. Synthesis of 2‐(Chlorodifluoromethyl)indoles for Nucleophilic Halogen Exchange with [
18
F]Fluoride. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Bock
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Stefanie K. Schultheiß
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Simone Maschauer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Imaging and Radiochemistry Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Schwabachanlage 12 91054 Erlangen Germany
| | - Roman Lasch
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Susanne Gradl
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Olaf Prante
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Imaging and Radiochemistry Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Schwabachanlage 12 91054 Erlangen Germany
| | - Samir Z. Zard
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique associé au CNRS Ecole Polytechnique 91128 Palaiseau France
| | - Markus R. Heinrich
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10 91058 Erlangen Germany
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2
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Hu W, Pan S, Xu X, Vicic DA, Qing F. Nickel‐Mediated Trifluoromethylation of Phenol Derivatives by Aryl C−O Bond Activation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202004116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei‐Qiang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Science Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Shen Pan
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Science Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Xiu‐Hua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Science Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - David A. Vicic
- Department of Chemistry Lehigh University 6 E. Packer Avenue Bethlehem PA 18015 USA
| | - Feng‐Ling Qing
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Science Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
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3
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Hu WQ, Pan S, Xu XH, Vicic DA, Qing FL. Nickel-Mediated Trifluoromethylation of Phenol Derivatives by Aryl C-O Bond Activation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:16076-16082. [PMID: 32452144 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202004116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The increasing pharmaceutical importance of trifluoromethylarenes has stimulated the development of more efficient trifluoromethylation reactions. Tremendous efforts have focused on copper- and palladium-mediated/catalyzed trifluoromethylation of aryl halides. In contrast, no general method exists for the conversion of widely available inert electrophiles, such as phenol derivatives, into the corresponding trifluoromethylated arenes. Reported herein is a practical nickel-mediated trifluoromethylation of phenol derivatives with readily available trimethyl(trifluoromethyl)silane (TMSCF3 ). The strategy relies on PMe3 -promoted oxidative addition and transmetalation, and CCl3 CN-induced reductive elimination. The broad utility of this transformation has been demonstrated through the direct incorporation of trifluoromethyl into aromatic and heteroaromatic systems, including biorelevant compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Qiang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shen Pan
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiu-Hua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - David A Vicic
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University, 6 E. Packer Avenue, Bethlehem, PA, 18015, USA
| | - Feng-Ling Qing
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China
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4
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Pees A, Windhorst AD, Vosjan MJWD, Tadino V, Vugts DJ. Synthesis of [18
F]Fluoroform with High Molar Activity. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pees
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine; Radionuclide Center; Amsterdam UMC, VU University; De Boelelaan 1085c Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Albert D. Windhorst
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine; Radionuclide Center; Amsterdam UMC, VU University; De Boelelaan 1085c Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | | | - Vincent Tadino
- ORA Neptis; Rue de la Gendarmerie 50/B 5600 Philippeville Belgium
| | - Danielle J. Vugts
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine; Radionuclide Center; Amsterdam UMC, VU University; De Boelelaan 1085c Amsterdam The Netherlands
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5
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Trump L, Lemos A, Lallemand B, Pasau P, Mercier J, Lemaire C, Luxen A, Genicot C. Late-Stage 18 F-Difluoromethyl Labeling of N-Heteroaromatics with High Molar Activity for PET Imaging. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:13149-13154. [PMID: 31323171 PMCID: PMC6790700 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201907488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Despite a growing interest in CHF2 in medicinal chemistry, there is a lack of efficient methods for the insertion of CHF18 F into druglike compounds. Herein described is a photoredox flow reaction for 18 F-difluoromethylation of N-heteroaromatics that are widely used in medicinal chemistry. Following the two-step synthesis for a new 18 F-difluoromethylation reagent, the photoredox reaction is completed within two minutes and proceeds by C-H activation, circumventing the need for pre-functionalization of the substrate. The method is operationally simple and affords straightforward access to radiolabeled N-heteroaromatics with high molar activity suitable for biological in vivo studies and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Trump
- Global Chemistry, UCB NewMedicinesUCB Biopharma sprl1420Braine-l'AlleudBelgium
- GIGA-CRC In Vivo ImagingCyclotron Research Center-B30Université de LiègeQuartier Agora, 6 allée du six août4000LiègeBelgium
| | - Agostinho Lemos
- GIGA-CRC In Vivo ImagingCyclotron Research Center-B30Université de LiègeQuartier Agora, 6 allée du six août4000LiègeBelgium
| | - Bénédicte Lallemand
- Global Chemistry, UCB NewMedicinesUCB Biopharma sprl1420Braine-l'AlleudBelgium
| | - Patrick Pasau
- Global Chemistry, UCB NewMedicinesUCB Biopharma sprl1420Braine-l'AlleudBelgium
| | - Joël Mercier
- Global Chemistry, UCB NewMedicinesUCB Biopharma sprl1420Braine-l'AlleudBelgium
| | - Christian Lemaire
- GIGA-CRC In Vivo ImagingCyclotron Research Center-B30Université de LiègeQuartier Agora, 6 allée du six août4000LiègeBelgium
| | - André Luxen
- GIGA-CRC In Vivo ImagingCyclotron Research Center-B30Université de LiègeQuartier Agora, 6 allée du six août4000LiègeBelgium
| | - Christophe Genicot
- Global Chemistry, UCB NewMedicinesUCB Biopharma sprl1420Braine-l'AlleudBelgium
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6
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Trump L, Lemos A, Lallemand B, Pasau P, Mercier J, Lemaire C, Luxen A, Genicot C. Late‐Stage
18
F‐Difluoromethyl Labeling of N‐Heteroaromatics with High Molar Activity for PET Imaging. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201907488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Trump
- Global Chemistry, UCB NewMedicines UCB Biopharma sprl 1420 Braine-l'Alleud Belgium
- GIGA-CRC In Vivo Imaging Cyclotron Research Center-B30 Université de Liège Quartier Agora, 6 allée du six août 4000 Liège Belgium
| | - Agostinho Lemos
- GIGA-CRC In Vivo Imaging Cyclotron Research Center-B30 Université de Liège Quartier Agora, 6 allée du six août 4000 Liège Belgium
| | - Bénédicte Lallemand
- Global Chemistry, UCB NewMedicines UCB Biopharma sprl 1420 Braine-l'Alleud Belgium
| | - Patrick Pasau
- Global Chemistry, UCB NewMedicines UCB Biopharma sprl 1420 Braine-l'Alleud Belgium
| | - Joël Mercier
- Global Chemistry, UCB NewMedicines UCB Biopharma sprl 1420 Braine-l'Alleud Belgium
| | - Christian Lemaire
- GIGA-CRC In Vivo Imaging Cyclotron Research Center-B30 Université de Liège Quartier Agora, 6 allée du six août 4000 Liège Belgium
| | - André Luxen
- GIGA-CRC In Vivo Imaging Cyclotron Research Center-B30 Université de Liège Quartier Agora, 6 allée du six août 4000 Liège Belgium
| | - Christophe Genicot
- Global Chemistry, UCB NewMedicines UCB Biopharma sprl 1420 Braine-l'Alleud Belgium
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7
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Xiang J, Ouyang Y, Xu X, Qing F. Argentination of Fluoroform: Preparation of a Stable AgCF
3
Solution with Diverse Reactivities. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:10320-10324. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201905782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia‐Xiang Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Yao Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Xiu‐Hua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Feng‐Ling Qing
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-TextilesMinistry of EducationCollege of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyDonghua University 2999 North Renmin Lu Shanghai 201620 China
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8
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Xiang J, Ouyang Y, Xu X, Qing F. Argentination of Fluoroform: Preparation of a Stable AgCF
3
Solution with Diverse Reactivities. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201905782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia‐Xiang Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Yao Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Xiu‐Hua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Feng‐Ling Qing
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-TextilesMinistry of EducationCollege of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyDonghua University 2999 North Renmin Lu Shanghai 201620 China
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9
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Deng X, Rong J, Wang L, Vasdev N, Zhang L, Josephson L, Liang SH. Chemistry for Positron Emission Tomography: Recent Advances in 11 C-, 18 F-, 13 N-, and 15 O-Labeling Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:2580-2605. [PMID: 30054961 PMCID: PMC6405341 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201805501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) is a molecular imaging technology that provides quantitative information about function and metabolism in biological processes in vivo for disease diagnosis and therapy assessment. The broad application and rapid advances of PET has led to an increased demand for new radiochemical methods to synthesize highly specific molecules bearing positron-emitting radionuclides. This Review provides an overview of commonly used labeling reactions through examples of clinically relevant PET tracers and highlights the most recent developments and breakthroughs over the past decade, with a focus on 11 C, 18 F, 13 N, and 15 O.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Deng
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Jian Rong
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Lu Wang
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Neil Vasdev
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Lei Zhang
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Lee Josephson
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Steven H Liang
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
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10
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Wu J, Zhao Q, Wilson TC, Verhoog S, Lu L, Gouverneur V, Shen Q. Synthesis and Reactivity of α-Cumyl Bromodifluoromethanesulfenate: Application to the Radiosynthesis of [ 18 F]ArylSCF 3. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:2413-2417. [PMID: 30575245 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201813708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
A highly reactive electrophilic bromodifluoromethylthiolating reagent, α-cumyl bromodifluoro-methanesulfenate 1, was prepared to allow for direct bromodifluoromethylthiolation of aryl boron reagents. This coupling reaction takes place under copper catalysis, and affords a large range of bromodifluoromethylthiolated arenes. These compounds are amenable to various transformations including halogen exchange with [18 F]KF/K222 , a process giving access to [18 F]arylSCF3 in two steps from the corresponding aryl boronic pinacol esters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qunchao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Thomas C Wilson
- University of Oxford, Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Stefan Verhoog
- University of Oxford, Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Long Lu
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Véronique Gouverneur
- University of Oxford, Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Qilong Shen
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
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11
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Synthesis and Reactivity of α-Cumyl Bromodifluoromethanesulfenate: Application to the Radiosynthesis of [18
F]ArylSCF3. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201813708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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12
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Deng X, Rong J, Wang L, Vasdev N, Zhang L, Josephson L, Liang SH. Chemie der Positronenemissionstomographie: Aktuelle Fortschritte bei
11
C‐,
18
F‐,
13
N‐ und
15
O‐Markierungsreaktionen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201805501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Deng
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular ImagingMassachusetts General Hospital & Department of RadiologyHarvard Medical School Boston MA 02114 USA
| | - Jian Rong
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular ImagingMassachusetts General Hospital & Department of RadiologyHarvard Medical School Boston MA 02114 USA
| | - Lu Wang
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular ImagingMassachusetts General Hospital & Department of RadiologyHarvard Medical School Boston MA 02114 USA
| | - Neil Vasdev
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular ImagingMassachusetts General Hospital & Department of RadiologyHarvard Medical School Boston MA 02114 USA
| | - Lei Zhang
- Medicine DesignPfizer Inc. Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Lee Josephson
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular ImagingMassachusetts General Hospital & Department of RadiologyHarvard Medical School Boston MA 02114 USA
| | - Steven H. Liang
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular ImagingMassachusetts General Hospital & Department of RadiologyHarvard Medical School Boston MA 02114 USA
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13
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Frost AB, Brambilla M, Exner RM, Tredwell M. Synthesis and Derivatization of 1,1-[ 18 F]Difluorinated Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:472-476. [PMID: 30452114 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201810413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A general method for the synthesis of 1,1-[18 F]difluorinated alkenes from [18 F]fluoride is reported. This transformation is highly regioselective giving the desired 18 F-fluoroalkenes with radiochemical purities of up to 77 % within 20 minutes and a molar activity (Am ) of 1 GBq μmol-1 . The transformations are operationally simple to perform and were readily translated onto a commercial automated synthesis unit. The resultant 1,1-[18 F]difluorinated alkene motif is prevalent in numerous drug molecules, and this is the first general method to synthesize this motif with fluorine-18. 18 F-fluorinated alkenes are excellent building blocks and participate in a number of post-labeling transformations to access a range of 18 F-perfluorinated functional groups that have never before been radiolabeled with non-carrier-added [18 F]fluoride. This method considerably expands the range of 18 F-motifs accessible to radiochemists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aileen B Frost
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Marta Brambilla
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Rüdiger M Exner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Matthew Tredwell
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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14
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Frost AB, Brambilla M, Exner RM, Tredwell M. Synthesis and Derivatization of 1,1-[ 18
F]Difluorinated Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201810413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aileen B. Frost
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Marta Brambilla
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Rüdiger M. Exner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Matthew Tredwell
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
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15
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Haskali MB, Pike VW. [ 11 C]Fluoroform, a Breakthrough for Versatile Labeling of PET Radiotracer Trifluoromethyl Groups in High Molar Activity. Chemistry 2017; 23:8156-8160. [PMID: 28514059 PMCID: PMC5801743 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201701701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Positron-emission tomography (PET) is an immensely important imaging modality in biomedical research and drug development but must use selective radiotracers to achieve biochemical specificity. Such radiotracers are usually labeled with carbon-11 (t1/2 =20 min) or fluorine-18 (t1/2 =110 min), but these are only available from cyclotrons in a few simple chemical forms. [18 F]Fluoroform has emerged for labeling tracers in trifluoromethyl groups but is severely limited in utility by low radioactivity per mass (low molar activity). Here, the synthesis of [11 C]fluoroform is described, based on CoF3 -mediated fluorination of cyclotron-produced [11 C]methane. This process is efficient and repetitively reliable. [11 C]Fluoroform shows versatility for labeling small molecules in very high molar activity (>200 GBq μmol-1 ), far exceeding that possible by using [18 F]fluoroform. Therefore, [11 C]fluoroform represents a major breakthrough for labeling prospective PET tracers in trifluoromethyl groups at high molar activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad B Haskali
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Rm B3 C346A, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1003, USA
| | - Victor W Pike
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Rm B3 C346A, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1003, USA
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16
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Hong J, Huo L, Yang Y, Wang G, Zheng C. Copper-Promoted One-Pot Trifluoromethylation of Aromatic Amines with Togni′s Reagent. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201700789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianquan Hong
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering; Jiangnan University; 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 People's Republic of China
| | - Lianguang Huo
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering; Jiangnan University; 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 People's Republic of China
| | - Yupeng Yang
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering; Jiangnan University; 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 People's Republic of China
| | - Guifu Wang
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering; Jiangnan University; 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 People's Republic of China
| | - Changge Zheng
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering; Jiangnan University; 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 People's Republic of China
- College of Chemistry Engineering; Xinjiang Agricultural University; 311 Nongda East Road Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830052 People's Republic of China
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17
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Shi H, Braun A, Wang L, Liang SH, Vasdev N, Ritter T. Synthesis of (18) F-Difluoromethylarenes from Aryl (Pseudo) Halides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:10786-90. [PMID: 27491349 PMCID: PMC5189681 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201604106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A general method for the synthesis of [(18) F]difluoromethylarenes from [(18) F]fluoride for radiopharmaceutical discovery is reported. The method is practical, operationally simple, tolerates a wide scope of functional groups, and enables the labeling of a variety of arenes and heteroarenes with radiochemical yields (RCYs, not decay-corrected) from 10 to 60 %. The (18) F-fluorination precursors are readily prepared from aryl chlorides, bromides, iodides, and triflates. Seven (18) F-difluoromethylarene drug analogues and radiopharmaceuticals including Claritin, fluoxetine (Prozac), and [(18) F]DAA1106 were synthesized to show the potential of the method for applications in PET radiopharmaceutical design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Shi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging & Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Augustin Braun
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Lu Wang
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging & Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Steven H Liang
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging & Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
| | - Neil Vasdev
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging & Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
| | - Tobias Ritter
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging & Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
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18
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Shi H, Braun A, Wang L, Liang SH, Vasdev N, Ritter T. Synthesis of 18
F-Difluoromethylarenes from Aryl (Pseudo) Halides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201604106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hang Shi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; Harvard University; 12 Oxford Street Cambridge MA 02138 USA
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging & Gordon Center for Medical Imaging; Massachusetts General Hospital; 55 Fruit Street Boston MA 02114 USA
| | - Augustin Braun
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; Harvard University; 12 Oxford Street Cambridge MA 02138 USA
| | - Lu Wang
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging & Gordon Center for Medical Imaging; Massachusetts General Hospital; 55 Fruit Street Boston MA 02114 USA
| | - Steven H. Liang
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging & Gordon Center for Medical Imaging; Massachusetts General Hospital; 55 Fruit Street Boston MA 02114 USA
- Department of Radiology; Harvard Medical School; 55 Fruit Street Boston MA 02114 USA
| | - Neil Vasdev
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging & Gordon Center for Medical Imaging; Massachusetts General Hospital; 55 Fruit Street Boston MA 02114 USA
- Department of Radiology; Harvard Medical School; 55 Fruit Street Boston MA 02114 USA
| | - Tobias Ritter
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; Harvard University; 12 Oxford Street Cambridge MA 02138 USA
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging & Gordon Center for Medical Imaging; Massachusetts General Hospital; 55 Fruit Street Boston MA 02114 USA
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
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19
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Zheng J, Wang L, Lin JH, Xiao JC, Liang SH. Difluorocarbene-Derived Trifluoromethylthiolation and [(18)F]Trifluoromethylthiolation of Aliphatic Electrophiles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:13236-40. [PMID: 26387796 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201505446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2015] [Revised: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The first trifluoromethylthiolation and [(18)F]trifluoromethylthiolation of alkyl electrophiles with in situ generated difluorocarbene in the presence of elemental sulfur and external (radioactive) fluoride ion is described. This transition-metal-free approach is high yielding, compatible with a variety of functional groups, and operated under mild reaction conditions. The conceptual advantage of this exogenous-fluoride-mediated transformation enables unprecedented syntheses of [(18)F]CF3S-labeled molecules from most commonly used [(18)F]fluoride ions. The rapid radiochemical reaction time (≤1 min) and high functional-group tolerance allow access to a variety of aliphatic [(18)F]CF3S compounds in high yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032 (China)
| | - Lu Wang
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St., White 427, Boston, MA (USA)
| | - Jin-Hong Lin
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032 (China)
| | - Ji-Chang Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032 (China).
| | - Steven H Liang
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St., White 427, Boston, MA (USA).
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20
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Zheng J, Wang L, Lin J, Xiao J, Liang SH. Difluorocarbene‐Derived Trifluoromethylthiolation and [
18
F]Trifluoromethylthiolation of Aliphatic Electrophiles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201505446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032 (China)
| | - Lu Wang
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St., White 427, Boston, MA (USA)
| | - Jin‐Hong Lin
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032 (China)
| | - Ji‐Chang Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032 (China)
| | - Steven H. Liang
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St., White 427, Boston, MA (USA)
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21
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Khotavivattana T, Verhoog S, Tredwell M, Pfeifer L, Calderwood S, Wheelhouse K, Lee Collier T, Gouverneur V. (18)F-Labeling of Aryl-SCF3, -OCF3 and -OCHF2 with [(18)F]Fluoride. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:9991-5. [PMID: 26140357 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201504665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We report that halogenophilic silver(I) triflate permits halogen exchange (halex) nucleophilic (18)F-fluorination of aryl-OCHFCl, -OCF2Br and -SCF2Br precursors under mild conditions. This Ag(I)-mediated process allows for the first time access to a range of (18)F-labeled aryl-OCHF2, -OCF3 and -SCF3 derivatives, inclusive of [(18)F]riluzole. The (18)F-labeling of these medicinally important motifs expands the radiochemical space available for PET applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefan Verhoog
- University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA (UK)
| | - Matthew Tredwell
- University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA (UK)
| | - Lukas Pfeifer
- University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA (UK)
| | - Samuel Calderwood
- University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA (UK)
| | - Katherine Wheelhouse
- Medicines Discovery & Development, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY (UK)
| | | | - Véronique Gouverneur
- University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA (UK).
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22
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Khotavivattana T, Verhoog S, Tredwell M, Pfeifer L, Calderwood S, Wheelhouse K, Lee Collier T, Gouverneur V. 18F-Labeling of Aryl-SCF3, -OCF3and -OCHF2with [18F]Fluoride. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201504665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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23
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Briard E, Rudolph B, Desrayaud S, Krauser JA, Auberson YP. MS565: A SPECT Tracer for Evaluating the Brain Penetration of BAF312 (Siponimod). ChemMedChem 2015; 10:1008-18. [PMID: 25924727 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201500115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BAF312 (siponimod) is a sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor modulator in clinical development for the treatment of multiple sclerosis, with faster organ/tissue distribution and elimination kinetics than its precursor FTY720 (fingolimod). Our aim was to develop a tracer to better quantify the penetration of BAF312 in the human brain, with the potential to be labeled for positron emission tomography (PET) or single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). Although the PET radioisotopes (11)C and (18)F could have been introduced in BAF312 without modifying its structure, they do not have decay kinetics compatible with the time required for observing the drug's organ distribution in patients. In contrast, the SPECT radioisotope (123) I has a longer half-life and would suit this purpose. Herein we report the identification of an iodinated derivative of BAF312, (E)-1-(4-(1-(((4-cyclohexyl-3-iodobenzyl)oxy)imino)ethyl)-2-ethylbenzyl)azetidine-3-carboxylic acid (18, MS565), as a SPECT tracer candidate with affinity, S1P receptor selectivity, overall physicochemical properties, and blood pharmacokinetics similar to those of the original molecule. A whole-body autoradiography study performed with [(14)C]MS565 subsequently confirmed that its organ distribution is similar to that of BAF312. This validates the selection of MS565 for (123)I radiolabeling and for use in imaging studies to quantify the brain penetration of BAF312.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Briard
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Global Discovery Chemistry, 4057 Basel (Switzerland).
| | - Bettina Rudolph
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics (DMPK), 4056 Basel (Switzerland)
| | - Sandrine Desrayaud
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics (MAP), 4056 Basel (Switzerland)
| | - Joel A Krauser
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics (DMPK), 4056 Basel (Switzerland)
| | - Yves P Auberson
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Global Discovery Chemistry, 4057 Basel (Switzerland).
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24
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Huang X, Liu W, Hooker JM, Groves JT. Targeted Fluorination with the Fluoride Ion by Manganese-Catalyzed Decarboxylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201500399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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25
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Huang X, Liu W, Hooker JM, Groves JT. Targeted fluorination with the fluoride ion by manganese-catalyzed decarboxylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:5241-5. [PMID: 25736895 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201500399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We describe the first catalytic decarboxylative fluorination reaction based on the nucleophilic fluoride ion. The reported method allows the facile replacement of various aliphatic carboxylic acid groups with fluorine. Moreover, the potential of this method for PET imaging has been demonstrated by the successful (18) F labeling of a variety of carboxylic acids with radiochemical conversions up to 50 %, representing a targeted decarboxylative (18) F labeling method with no-carrier-added [(18) F]fluoride. Mechanistic probes suggest that the reaction proceeds through the interaction of the manganese catalyst with iodine(III) carboxylates formed in situ from iodosylbenzene and the carboxylic acid substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongyi Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton NJ 08544 (USA)
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26
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Ilchenko NO, Tasch BOA, Szabó KJ. Mild silver-mediated geminal difluorination of styrenes using an air- and moisture-stable fluoroiodane reagent. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:12897-901. [PMID: 25335468 PMCID: PMC4501311 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201408812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
An air- and moisture-stable fluoroiodane in the presence of AgBF4 is suitable for selective geminal difluorination of styrenes under mild reaction conditions. One of the CF bonds is formed by transfer of electrophilic fluorine from the hypervalent iodine reagent, while the other one arises from the tetrafluoroborate counterion of silver. Deuterium-isotope-labelling experiments and rearrangement of methyl styrene substrates suggest that the reaction proceeds through a phenonium ion intermediate.
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27
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Ilchenko NO, Tasch BOA, Szabó KJ. Mild Silver-Mediated Geminal Difluorination of Styrenes Using an Air- and Moisture-Stable Fluoroiodane Reagent. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201408812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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