1
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Cvetnić M, Cindro N, Topić E, Bregović N, Tomišić V. Supramolecular Handshakes: Characterization of Urea-Carboxylate Interactions Within Calixarene Frameworks. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202400130. [PMID: 38526220 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202400130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
The research of molecular capsules offers high application potential and numerous benefits in various fields. With the aim of forming supramolecular capsules which can be reversibly assembled and dissociated by simple external stimuli, we studied interactions between calixarenes containing urea and carboxylate moieties. To this end two ureido-derivatives of p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene comprising phenylureido-moieties and diacetate-calix[4]arenes were prepared. The binding of acetate by ureido-derivatives of calixarene in acetonitrile was characterized, revealing high affinity of ureido-calixarenes for carboxylates. This suggested high potential for uniting the complementary calix[4]arenes via H-bonds between carboxylic groups and urea moieties. The assembly of calixarenes was examined in detail by means of UV, 1H NMR, ITC, DOSY, MS, and conductometry providing insight in the structure-stability relationship. The tetraureido-calixarene derivative formed the most stable heterodimers with diacetate-calix[4]arenes featuring practically quantitative association upon mixing the two calixarene counterparts. The possibility of controlling the formation of the heterodimer by protonating the carboxylates, thereby hindering the interactions critical for capsule assembly, was investigated. Indeed, the reversibility of breaking and re-forming the heterodimer by addition of an acid and base to the solution containing urea- and carboxylate-derivative calix[4]arene was demonstrated using NMR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cvetnić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - N Cindro
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - E Topić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - N Bregović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - V Tomišić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
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2
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Otte F, Kleinheider J, Grabe B, Hiller W, Busse F, Wang R, Kreienborg NM, Merten C, Englert U, Strohmann C. Gauging the Strength of the Molecular Halogen Bond via Experimental Electron Density and Spectroscopy. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:21531-21539. [PMID: 37360450 PMCID: PMC10286298 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Strong and weak halogen bonds (XBs) in discrete aggregates involving the same acceptor are addressed by experiments in solution and in the solid state. Unsubstituted and perfluorinated iodobenzenes act as halogen donors of tunable strength; in all cases, quinuclidine represents the acceptor. NMR titrations reliably identify the strong intermolecular interactions in solution, with experimental binding energies of approx. 7 kJ/mol. Interaction of the σ hole at the halogen donor iodine leads to a redshift in the symmetric C-I stretching vibration; this shift reflects the interaction energy in the halogen-bonded adducts and may be assessed by Raman spectroscopy in condensed phase even for weak XBs. An experimental picture of the electronic density for the XBs is achieved by high-resolution X-ray diffraction on suitable crystals. Quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) analysis affords the electron densities and energy densities in the bond critical points of the halogen bonds and confirms stronger interaction for the shorter contacts. For the first time, the experimental electron density shows a significant effect on the atomic volumes and Bader charges of the quinuclidine N atoms, the halogen-bond acceptor: strong and weak XBs are reflected in the nature of their acceptor atom. Our experimental findings at the acceptor atom match the discussed effects of halogen bonding and thus the proposed concepts in XB activated organocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Otte
- Inorganic
Chemistry, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Johannes Kleinheider
- Inorganic
Chemistry, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Bastian Grabe
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund
University, Otto-Hahn-Str. 4a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Wolf Hiller
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund
University, Otto-Hahn-Str. 4a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Franziska Busse
- Inorganic
Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Ruimin Wang
- Inorganic
Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056 Aachen, Germany
- Institute
of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Wucheng Road 92, 030006 Taiyuan, P. R. China
| | - Nora M. Kreienborg
- Organic Chemistry
II, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Christian Merten
- Organic Chemistry
II, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Ulli Englert
- Inorganic
Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056 Aachen, Germany
- Institute
of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Wucheng Road 92, 030006 Taiyuan, P. R. China
| | - Carsten Strohmann
- Inorganic
Chemistry, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
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3
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Pati PB. ‘2E−2N squares’: Chalcogen (E=S, Se and Te) Bonding Involving Benzochalcogenodiazoles. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202300056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Palas Baran Pati
- Aragen Lifesciences, IDA, Nacharam - Mallapur Rd, Nacharam Hyderabad 500076 Telangana
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, UMR 6230,Chimie et Interdisciplinarité: Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation (CEISAM) 44322 Nantes Cedex 3 France
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4
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Chen X, Chen H, Fraser Stoddart J. The Story of the Little Blue Box: A Tribute to Siegfried Hünig. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202211387. [PMID: 36131604 PMCID: PMC10099103 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202211387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The tetracationic cyclophane, cyclobis(paraquat-p-phenylene), also known as the little blue box, constitutes a modular receptor that has facilitated the discovery of many host-guest complexes and mechanically interlocked molecules during the past 35 years. Its versatility in binding small π-donors in its tetracationic state, as well as forming trisradical tricationic complexes with viologen radical cations in its doubly reduced bisradical dicationic state, renders it valuable for the construction of various stimuli-responsive materials. Since the first reports in 1988, the little blue box has been featured in over 500 publications in the literature. All this research activity would not have been possible without the seminal contributions carried out by Siegfried Hünig, who not only pioneered the syntheses of viologen-containing cyclophanes, but also revealed their rich redox chemistry in addition to their ability to undergo intramolecular π-dimerization. This Review describes how his pioneering research led to the design and synthesis of the little blue box, and how this redox-active host evolved into the key component of molecular shuttles, switches, and machines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐Yang Chen
- Department of ChemistryNorthwestern University2145 Sheridan RoadEvanstonIllinois 60208USA
| | - Hongliang Chen
- Stoddart Institute of Molecular ScienceDepartment of ChemistryZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation CenterHangzhou311215China
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department of ChemistryNorthwestern University2145 Sheridan RoadEvanstonIllinois 60208USA
- Stoddart Institute of Molecular ScienceDepartment of ChemistryZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation CenterHangzhou311215China
- School of ChemistryUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia
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5
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Rahman F, Wang R, Zhang H, Brea O, Himo F, Rebek J, Yu Y. Binding and Assembly of a Benzotriazole Cavitand in Water. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205534. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Faiz‐Ur Rahman
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis and Department of Chemistry College of Science Shanghai University 99 Shang-Da Road Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Rui Wang
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis and Department of Chemistry College of Science Shanghai University 99 Shang-Da Road Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Hui‐Bin Zhang
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis and Department of Chemistry College of Science Shanghai University 99 Shang-Da Road Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Oriana Brea
- Department of Organic Chemistry Arrhenius Laboratory Stockholm University 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Fahmi Himo
- Department of Organic Chemistry Arrhenius Laboratory Stockholm University 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Julius Rebek
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis and Department of Chemistry College of Science Shanghai University 99 Shang-Da Road Shanghai 200444 China
- Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology and Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Yang Yu
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis and Department of Chemistry College of Science Shanghai University 99 Shang-Da Road Shanghai 200444 China
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6
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Rahman FU, Wang R, Zhang HB, Brea O, Himo F, Rebek J, Yu Y. Binding and Assembly of a Benzotriazole Cavitand in Water. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rui Wang
- Shanghai University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | | | - Oriana Brea
- Stockholms Universitet Department of Organic Chemistry SWEDEN
| | - Fahmi Himo
- Stockholms Universitet Department of Organic Chemistry SWEDEN
| | - Julius Rebek
- The Scripps Research Institute Department of Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Yang Yu
- Shanghai University Chemistry 99 Shang-da Road 200444 Shanghai CHINA
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7
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Kelly AW, Holman KT. “Click”‐Like η
6
‐Metalation/Demetalation of Aryl Iodides as a Means of Turning “ON/OFF” Halogen Bond Donor Functionality. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202115556. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202115556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew W. Kelly
- Department of Chemistry Georgetown University Box 571227 Washington DC 20057 USA
| | - K. Travis Holman
- Department of Chemistry Georgetown University Box 571227 Washington DC 20057 USA
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8
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Kelly AW, Holman KT. “Click”‐Like η
6
‐Metalation/Demetalation of Aryl Iodides as a Means of Turning “ON/OFF” Halogen Bond Donor Functionality. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202115556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew W. Kelly
- Department of Chemistry Georgetown University Box 571227 Washington DC 20057 USA
| | - K. Travis Holman
- Department of Chemistry Georgetown University Box 571227 Washington DC 20057 USA
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9
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Yu S, Ward JS, Truong K, Rissanen K. Carbonyl Hypoiodites as Extremely Strong Halogen Bond Donors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202108126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shilin Yu
- Department of Chemistry University of Jyvaskyla Survontie 9 B 40014 Jyväskylä Finland
| | - Jas S. Ward
- Department of Chemistry University of Jyvaskyla Survontie 9 B 40014 Jyväskylä Finland
| | - Khai‐Nghi Truong
- Department of Chemistry University of Jyvaskyla Survontie 9 B 40014 Jyväskylä Finland
| | - Kari Rissanen
- Department of Chemistry University of Jyvaskyla Survontie 9 B 40014 Jyväskylä Finland
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10
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Yu S, Ward JS, Truong K, Rissanen K. Carbonyl Hypoiodites as Extremely Strong Halogen Bond Donors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:20739-20743. [PMID: 34268851 PMCID: PMC8518949 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Neutral halogen-bonded O-I-N complexes were prepared from in situ formed carbonyl hypoiodites and aromatic organic bases. The carbonyl hypoiodites have a strongly polarized iodine atom with larger σ-holes than any known uncharged halogen bond donor. Modulating the Lewis basicity of the selected pyridine derivatives and carboxylates leads to halogen-bonded complexes where the classical O-I⋅⋅⋅N halogen bond transforms more into a halogen-bonded COO- ⋅⋅⋅I-N+ ion-pair (salt) with an asymmetric O-I-N moiety. X-ray analyses, NMR studies, and calculations reveal the halogen bonding geometries of the carbonyl hypoiodite-based O-I-N complexes, confirming that in the solid-state the iodine atom is much closer to the N-atom of the pyridine derivatives than its original position at the carboxylate O-atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilin Yu
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of JyvaskylaSurvontie 9 B40014JyväskyläFinland
| | - Jas S. Ward
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of JyvaskylaSurvontie 9 B40014JyväskyläFinland
| | - Khai‐Nghi Truong
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of JyvaskylaSurvontie 9 B40014JyväskyläFinland
| | - Kari Rissanen
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of JyvaskylaSurvontie 9 B40014JyväskyläFinland
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11
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Bauer JO, Koschabek S, Falk A. Interplay of Hydrogen and Halogen Bonding in the Crystal Structures of 2,6‐Dihalogenated Phenols. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202101723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan O. Bauer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie Universität Regensburg Universitätsstraße 31 D-93053 Regensburg Germany
| | - Sarah Koschabek
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie Universität Regensburg Universitätsstraße 31 D-93053 Regensburg Germany
| | - Alexander Falk
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie Universität Regensburg Universitätsstraße 31 D-93053 Regensburg Germany
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12
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Bete SC, Otte M. Heteroleptische Koordination durch einen
endo
‐funktionalisierten Käfig. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202106341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah C. Bete
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 4 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Matthias Otte
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 4 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
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13
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Bete SC, Otte M. Heteroleptic Ligation by an endo-Functionalized Cage. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:18582-18586. [PMID: 34124838 PMCID: PMC8456844 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202106341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A conceptual approach for the synthesis of quasi-heteroleptic complexes with properly endo-functionalized cages as ligands is presented. The cage ligand reported here is of a covalent organic nature, it has been synthesized via a dynamic combinatorial chemistry approach, making use of a masked amine. Inspired by enzymatic active sites, the described system bears one carboxylate and two imidazole moieties as independent ligating units through which it is able to coordinate to transition metals. Analysis of the iron(II) complex in solution and the solid state validates the structure and shows that no undesired but commonly observed dimerization process takes place. The solid-state structure shows a five-coordinate metal center with the carboxylate bidentately bound to iron, which makes Fe@2 an unprecedentedly detailed structural model complex for this kind of non-heme iron oxygenases. As, as confirmed by the crystal structure, sufficient space for other organic ligands is available, the biologically relevant ligand α-ketoglutarate is implemented. We observe biomimetic reaction behavior towards dioxygen that opens studies investigating Fe@2 as a functional model complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah C Bete
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, University of Goettingen, Tammannstraße 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Matthias Otte
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, University of Goettingen, Tammannstraße 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
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14
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Thilgen C, Wennemers H, Carell T. François Diederich (1952-2020): 40 Years of Organic Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:11562-11567. [PMID: 33909942 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202101232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
François Diederich, Professor of Organic Chemistry and long-time Chair of the Editorial Board of Angewandte Chemie, sadly passed away on September 23, 2020. He will be remembered for his groundbreaking research in the chemistry of fullerenes and carbon-rich molecules, in supramolecular and medicinal chemistry, as an engaging teacher, and as a generous and fascinating human being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Thilgen
- Departement für Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Departement für Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Carell
- Department für Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany
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15
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Thilgen C, Wennemers H, Carell T. François Diederich (1952–2020): 40 Jahre Organische Chemie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202101232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Thilgen
- Departement für Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften ETH Zürich
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Departement für Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften ETH Zürich
| | - Thomas Carell
- Department für Chemie Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
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16
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Otte F, Kleinheider J, Hiller W, Wang R, Englert U, Strohmann C. Weak yet Decisive: Molecular Halogen Bond and Competing Weak Interactions of Iodobenzene and Quinuclidine. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:4133-4137. [PMID: 33687197 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c00239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The halogen bonded adduct between the commonly used constituents quinuclidine and iodobenzene is based on a single weak nitrogen-iodine contact, and the isolation of this adduct was initially unexpected. Iodobenzene does not contain any electron-withdrawing group and therefore represents an unconventional halogen bond donor. Based on excellent diffraction data of high resolution, an electron density study was successfully accomplished and confirmed one of the longest N···I molecular halogen bonds with a distance of 2.9301(4) Å. The topological analysis identified the XB as a directional but weak σ hole interaction and revealed secondary contacts between peripheral regions of opposite charge. These additional contacts and their competition with a nitrogen-based interaction were confirmed by NOESY experiments in solution. Integration enabled us to determine the relative NOE ratios and provided insight regarding the existing interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Otte
- TU Dortmund University, Inorganic Chemistry, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, D-44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Johannes Kleinheider
- TU Dortmund University, Inorganic Chemistry, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, D-44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Wolf Hiller
- TU Dortmund University, Inorganic Chemistry, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, D-44227, Dortmund, Germany.,TU Dortmund University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, D-44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Ruimin Wang
- RWTH Aachen University, Inorganic Chemistry, Landoltweg 1, D-52056, Aachen, Germany.,Shanxi University, Institute of Molecular Science, Wucheng Road 92, 030006, Taiyuan, P. R. China
| | - Ulli Englert
- RWTH Aachen University, Inorganic Chemistry, Landoltweg 1, D-52056, Aachen, Germany.,Shanxi University, Institute of Molecular Science, Wucheng Road 92, 030006, Taiyuan, P. R. China
| | - Carsten Strohmann
- TU Dortmund University, Inorganic Chemistry, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, D-44227, Dortmund, Germany
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17
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Merget S, Catti L, Zev S, Major DT, Trapp N, Tiefenbacher K. Concentration-Dependent Self-Assembly of an Unusually Large Hexameric Hydrogen-Bonded Molecular Cage. Chemistry 2021; 27:4447-4453. [PMID: 33346916 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202005046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The sizes of available self-assembled hydrogen-bond-based supramolecular capsules and cages are rather limited. The largest systems have volumes of approximately 1400-2300 Å3 . Herein, we report a large, hexameric cage based on intermolecular amide-amide dimerization. The unusual structure with openings, reminiscent of covalently linked cages, is held together by 24 hydrogen bonds. With a diameter of 2.3 nm and a cavity volume of ∼2800 Å3 , the assembly is larger than any previously known capsule/cage structure relying exclusively on hydrogen bonds. The self-assembly process in chlorinated, organic solvents was found to be strongly concentration dependent, with the monomeric form prevailing at low concentrations. Additionally, the formation of host-guest complexes with fullerenes (C60 and C70 ) was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Severin Merget
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lorenzo Catti
- WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 9201192, Japan
| | - Shani Zev
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Nanotechnology & Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900, Israel
| | - Dan T Major
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Nanotechnology & Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900, Israel
| | - Nils Trapp
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Konrad Tiefenbacher
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058, Basel, Switzerland
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18
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Chwastek M, Cmoch P, Szumna A. Dodecameric Anion-Sealed Capsules based on Pyrogallol[5]arenes and Resorcin[5]arenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:4540-4544. [PMID: 33372317 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202013105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The paper reports formation of exceptionally large capsular species (diameter of c. a. 30 Å) by interactions of polyphenolic macrocycles with 5-fold symmetry with anions. Pyrogallol[5]arenes and resorcin[5]arenes interact with anions via hydrogen bonds involving phenolic OH groups or aromatic CH groups. Based on NMR titration experiments, diffusion coefficients, and geometric requirements, it is postulated that the capsules have (P5H)12 (X- )60 or (R5H)12 (X- )60 stoichiometry and a unique geometry of one of the Platonic solids-a dodecahedron. The capsules exist in THF and in benzene, but not in chloroform, reflecting competitive effects in the solvation of anions. It is also demonstrated that mechanochemical pre-treatment (dry-milling) of solid samples is indispensable to initialize self-assembly in benzene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Chwastek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Cmoch
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Szumna
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, Warsaw, Poland
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19
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Chwastek M, Cmoch P, Szumna A. Dodecameric Anion‐Sealed Capsules based on Pyrogallol[5]arenes and Resorcin[5]arenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202013105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Chwastek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 Warsaw Poland
| | - Piotr Cmoch
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 Warsaw Poland
| | - Agnieszka Szumna
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 Warsaw Poland
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20
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Twum K, Rissanen K, Beyeh NK. Recent Advances in Halogen Bonded Assemblies with Resorcin[4]arenes. CHEM REC 2020; 21:386-395. [PMID: 33369108 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202000140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Resorcinarenes are cavity-containing compounds when in the crown conformation, from the calixarene family of concave compounds. These easy to synthesize macrocycles can be decorated at the upper rim through the eight hydroxyl groups and/or the 2-position of the aromatic ring. They are good synthons in supramolecular chemistry leading to appealing assemblies such as open-inclusion complexes, capsules and tubes through multiple weak interactions with various guests. Halogen bonding (XB) is a highly directional non-covalent interaction by an electron-deficient halogen atom as a donor that interacts with a Lewis base, the XB acceptor. This tutorial review provides an overview of recent advances in halogen-bonded assemblies based on resorcinarenes and their derivatives, specifically focusing on discrete and capsular assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwaku Twum
- Oakland University, Department of Chemistry, 146 Library Drive, Rochester, 48309, Michigan, USA
| | - Kari Rissanen
- University of Jyvaskyla, Department of Chemistry, P. O. Box 35, 40014, Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Ngong Kodiah Beyeh
- Oakland University, Department of Chemistry, 146 Library Drive, Rochester, 48309, Michigan, USA
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21
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Mandal K, Bansal D, Kumar Y, Rustam, Shukla J, Mukhopadhyay P. Halogen-Bonded Assemblies of Arylene Imides and Diimides: Insight from Electronic, Structural, and Computational Studies. Chemistry 2020; 26:10607-10619. [PMID: 32428280 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Halogen-bonding interactions in electron-deficient π scaffolds have largely been underexplored. Herein, the halogen-bonding properties of arylene imide/diimide-based electron-deficient scaffolds were studied. The influence of scaffold size, from small (phthalimide) to moderately sized (pyromellitic diimide or naphthalenediimides) to large (perylenediimide), axial-group modification, and number of halo substituents on the halogen bonding and its self-assembly was probed in a set of nine compounds. The structural modification leads to tunable optical and redox properties. The first reduction potential E 1 / 2 1 ranges between -1.09 and -0.17 V (vs. SCE). Two of the compounds, that is, 6 and 9, have deep-lying LUMOs with values reaching -4.2 eV. Single crystals of all nine systems were obtained, which showed Br⋅⋅⋅O, Br⋅⋅⋅Br, or Br⋅⋅⋅π halogen-bonding interactions, and a few systems are capable of forming all three types. These interactions lead to halogen-bonded rings (up to 12-membered), which propagate to form stacked 1D, 2D, or corrugated sheets. A few outliers were also identified, for example, molecules that prefer C-H⋅⋅⋅O hydrogen bonding over halogen bonding, or noncentrosymmetric rather than centrosymmetric organization. Computational studies based on Atoms in Molecules and Natural Bond Orbital analysis provided further insight into the halogen-bonding interactions. This study can lead to a predictive design tool-box to further explore related systems on surfaces reinforced by these weak directional forces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyanashis Mandal
- Supramolecular and Material Chemistry Lab, School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Deepak Bansal
- Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Yogendra Kumar
- Supramolecular and Material Chemistry Lab, School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Rustam
- Supramolecular and Material Chemistry Lab, School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Jyoti Shukla
- Supramolecular and Material Chemistry Lab, School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Pritam Mukhopadhyay
- Supramolecular and Material Chemistry Lab, School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi, 110067, India
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22
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Nitta N, Takatsuka M, Kihara S, Hirao T, Haino T. Self‐Healing Supramolecular Materials Constructed by Copolymerization via Molecular Recognition of Cavitand‐Based Coordination Capsules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:16690-16697. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Natsumi Nitta
- Graduate School of Science Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526 Japan
| | - Mei Takatsuka
- Graduate School of Science Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526 Japan
| | - Shin‐ichi Kihara
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526 Japan
| | - Takehiro Hirao
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526 Japan
| | - Takeharu Haino
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526 Japan
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23
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Nitta N, Takatsuka M, Kihara S, Hirao T, Haino T. Self‐Healing Supramolecular Materials Constructed by Copolymerization via Molecular Recognition of Cavitand‐Based Coordination Capsules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202006604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natsumi Nitta
- Graduate School of Science Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526 Japan
| | - Mei Takatsuka
- Graduate School of Science Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526 Japan
| | - Shin‐ichi Kihara
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526 Japan
| | - Takehiro Hirao
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526 Japan
| | - Takeharu Haino
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526 Japan
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24
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Bulfield D, Engelage E, Mancheski L, Stoesser J, Huber SM. Crystal Engineering with Multipoint Halogen Bonding: Double Two-Point Donors and Acceptors at Work. Chemistry 2020; 26:1567-1575. [PMID: 31638284 PMCID: PMC7028063 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The combination of singly or doubly bidentate halogen-bond donors with double bidentate acceptors was investigated as a supramolecular synthon in crystal engineering. The crystal topologies obtained feature novel halogen-bonding motifs like double two-point recognition and infinite chains or networks based on two-point interactions. Induced conformational changes in the double bidentate halogen-bond donors could be exploited to obtain different 1D and 2D networks. All solid-state studies were accompanied by DFT calculations to predict and rationalize the outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bulfield
- Faculty of Chemistry and BiochemistryRuhr-Universität-BochumUniversitätsstraße 15044801BochumGermany
| | - Elric Engelage
- Faculty of Chemistry and BiochemistryRuhr-Universität-BochumUniversitätsstraße 15044801BochumGermany
| | - Lucas Mancheski
- Faculty of Chemistry and BiochemistryRuhr-Universität-BochumUniversitätsstraße 15044801BochumGermany
| | - Julian Stoesser
- Faculty of Chemistry and BiochemistryRuhr-Universität-BochumUniversitätsstraße 15044801BochumGermany
| | - Stefan M. Huber
- Faculty of Chemistry and BiochemistryRuhr-Universität-BochumUniversitätsstraße 15044801BochumGermany
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25
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Massena CJ, Decato DA, Berryman OB. A Long-Lived Halogen-Bonding Anion Triple Helicate Accommodates Rapid Guest Exchange. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:16109-16113. [PMID: 30324741 PMCID: PMC6449053 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201810415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Anion-templated helical structures are emerging as a dynamic and tractable class of supramolecules that exhibit anion-switchable self-assembly. We present the first kinetic studies of an anion helicate by utilizing halogen-bonding m-arylene-ethynylene oligomers. These ligands formed high-fidelity triple helicates in solution with surprisingly long lifetimes on the order of seconds even at elevated temperatures. We propose an associative ligand-exchange mechanism that proceeded slowly on the same timescale. In contrast, intrachannel anion exchange occurred rapidly within milliseconds or faster as determined by stopped-flow visible spectroscopy. Additionally, the helicate accommodated bromide in solution and the solid state, while the thermodynamic stability of the triplex favored larger halide ions (bromide≈iodide≫chloride). Taken together, we elucidate a new class of kinetically stable helicates. These anion-switchable triplexes maintain their architectures while accommodating fast intrachannel guest exchange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey J. Massena
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Montana 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, MT 59812 (MT)
| | - Daniel A. Decato
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Montana 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, MT 59812 (MT)
| | - Orion B. Berryman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Montana 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, MT 59812 (MT)
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26
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Riwar L, Trapp N, Root K, Zenobi R, Diederich F. Supramolekulare Kapseln: starke und schwache Chalkogenbrücken im Vergleich. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201812095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leslie‐Joana Riwar
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Nils Trapp
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Katharina Root
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Renato Zenobi
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - François Diederich
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Schweiz
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27
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Riwar L, Trapp N, Root K, Zenobi R, Diederich F. Supramolecular Capsules: Strong versus Weak Chalcogen Bonding. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:17259-17264. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201812095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leslie‐Joana Riwar
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH Zurich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Nils Trapp
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH Zurich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Katharina Root
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH Zurich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Renato Zenobi
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH Zurich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - François Diederich
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie ETH Zurich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zurich Switzerland
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28
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Massena CJ, Decato DA, Berryman OB. A Long‐Lived Halogen‐Bonding Anion Triple Helicate Accommodates Rapid Guest Exchange. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201810415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Casey J. Massena
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Montana 32 Campus Drive Missoula MT 59812 USA
| | - Daniel A. Decato
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Montana 32 Campus Drive Missoula MT 59812 USA
| | - Orion B. Berryman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Montana 32 Campus Drive Missoula MT 59812 USA
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29
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Rosenau CP, Jelier BJ, Gossert AD, Togni A. Fluor-NMR-Spektroskopie rekalibriert. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201802620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carl Philipp Rosenau
- Department Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften; Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Benson J. Jelier
- Department Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften; Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Alvar D. Gossert
- Biomolecular NMR Spectroscopy Platform, Department Biologie; Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich; Hönggerbergring 64 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Antonio Togni
- Department Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften; Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2 8093 Zürich Schweiz
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30
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Rosenau CP, Jelier BJ, Gossert AD, Togni A. Exposing the Origins of Irreproducibility in Fluorine NMR Spectroscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:9528-9533. [PMID: 29663671 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201802620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Fluorine chemistry has taken a pivotal role in chemical reaction discovery, drug development, and chemical biology. NMR spectroscopy, arguably the most important technique for the characterization of fluorinated compounds, is rife with highly inconsistent referencing of fluorine NMR chemical shifts, producing deviations larger than 1 ppm. Herein, we provide unprecedented evidence that both spectrometer design and the current unified scale system underpinning the calibration of heteronuclear NMR spectra have unintentionally led to widespread variation in the standardization of 19 F NMR spectral data. We demonstrate that internal referencing provides the most robust, practical, and reproducible method whereby chemical shifts can be consistently measured and confirmed between institutions to less than 30 ppb deviation. Finally, we provide a comprehensive table of appropriately calibrated chemical shifts of reference compounds that will serve to calibrate 19 F spectra correctly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl Philipp Rosenau
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Benson J Jelier
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Alvar D Gossert
- Biomolecular NMR Spectroscopy Platform, Department of Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Hönggerbergring 64, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Antonio Togni
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
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31
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Beuerle F, Gole B. Covalent Organic Frameworks and Cage Compounds: Design and Applications of Polymeric and Discrete Organic Scaffolds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:4850-4878. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201710190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 313] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Beuerle
- Universität Würzburg; Institut für Organische Chemie; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC) &; Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI); Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Bappaditya Gole
- Universität Würzburg; Institut für Organische Chemie; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC) &; Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI); Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
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32
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Beuerle F, Gole B. Kovalente organische Netzwerke und Käfigverbindungen: Design und Anwendungen von polymeren und diskreten organischen Gerüsten. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201710190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Beuerle
- Universität Würzburg; Institut für Organische Chemie; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Zentrum für Nanosystemchemie (CNC) &; Bayerisches Polymerinstitut (BPI); Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Bappaditya Gole
- Universität Würzburg; Institut für Organische Chemie; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Zentrum für Nanosystemchemie (CNC) &; Bayerisches Polymerinstitut (BPI); Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
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33
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Metherell AJ, Cullen W, Williams NH, Ward MD. Binding of Hydrophobic Guests in a Coordination Cage Cavity is Driven by Liberation of "High-Energy" Water. Chemistry 2018; 24:1554-1560. [PMID: 29083066 PMCID: PMC5814853 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201704163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The cavity of an M8 L12 cubic coordination cage can accommodate a cluster of ten water molecules in which the average number of hydrogen bonds per water molecule is 0.5 H-bonds less than it would be in the bulk solution. The presence of these "hydrogen-bond frustrated" or "high-energy" water molecules in the cavity results in the hydrophobic effect associated with guest binding being predominantly enthalpy-based, as these water molecules can improve their hydrogen-bonding environment on release. This contrasts with the classical form of the hydrophobic effect in which the favourable entropy change associated with release of ordered molecules from hydrophobic surfaces dominates. For several guests Van't Hoff plots showed that the free energy of binding in water is primarily enthalpy driven. For five homologous pairs of guests related by the presence or absence of a CH2 group, the incremental changes to ΔH and TΔS for guest binding-that is, ΔΔH and TΔΔS, the difference in contributions arising from the CH2 group-are consistently 5(±1) kJ mol-1 for ΔΔH and 0(±1) kJ mol-1 for TΔΔS. This systematic dominance of ΔH in the binding of hydrophobic guests is consistent with the view that guest binding is dominated by release of "high energy" water molecules into a more favourable solvation environment, as has been demonstrated recently for some members of the cucurbituril family.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - William Cullen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7HF, UK
| | | | - Michael D Ward
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7HF, UK
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
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34
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Zhang C, Patil RS, Li T, Barnes CL, Teat SJ, Atwood JL. Preparation of Magnesium-Seamed C-Alkylpyrogallol[4]arene Nanocapsules with Varying Chain Lengths. Chemistry 2017; 23:8520-8524. [PMID: 28463424 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201701765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Novel supramolecular nanocapsules based on metal-directed assembly have captured tremendous interest due to their applications in fields such as catalysis, selective gas adsorption, and biomedicine. Functionalization of metal-organic nanocapsules (MONCs) by using organic ligands with different pendant groups affords more complexity to the structure and may lead to novel properties. In this work, we report the solvothermal synthesis of a group of magnesium-based MONCs using C-alkylpyrogallol[4]arenes with varying alkyl chain lengths. The structures of these nanocapsules are characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. As expected, a progression in size of the nanocapsules is observed as the alkyl chain length increases. The effect of the chain length on the solubility of MONCs in water has been determined. This work shows the generality of the solvothermal approach for the synthesis of MONCs with different organic ligands and demonstrates that surface functionalization of MONCs may serve as an effective way to tailor their properties. The unique biocompatible nature and inherent large cavity of these magnesium-based MONCs make these nanocapsules promising for potential applications in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia, 601 S College Ave, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Rahul S Patil
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia, 601 S College Ave, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Tao Li
- School of Physical Science & Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Rd, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Charles L Barnes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia, 601 S College Ave, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Simon J Teat
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd, MS6R2100, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Jerry L Atwood
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia, 601 S College Ave, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
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35
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Ryvlin D, Dumele O, Linke A, Fankhauser D, Schweizer WB, Diederich F, Waldvogel SR. Systematic Investigation of Resorcin[4]arene-Based Cavitands as Affinity Materials on Quartz Crystal Microbalances. Chempluschem 2017; 82:493-497. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201700077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrij Ryvlin
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Oliver Dumele
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; ETH Zurich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Z urich Switzerland
| | - Alexander Linke
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Daniel Fankhauser
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; ETH Zurich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Z urich Switzerland
| | - W. Bernd Schweizer
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; ETH Zurich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Z urich Switzerland
| | - François Diederich
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; ETH Zurich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Z urich Switzerland
| | - Siegfried R. Waldvogel
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
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36
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Dumele O, Schreib B, Warzok U, Trapp N, Schalley CA, Diederich F. Halogen-Bonded Supramolecular Capsules in the Solid State, in Solution, and in the Gas Phase. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 56:1152-1157. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201610884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Dumele
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; ETH Zurich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zurich Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry; Northwestern University; 2145 Sheridan Rd Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Benedikt Schreib
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; ETH Zurich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Ulrike Warzok
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie der; Freien Universität; Takustrasse 3 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Nils Trapp
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; ETH Zurich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Christoph A. Schalley
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie der; Freien Universität; Takustrasse 3 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - François Diederich
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; ETH Zurich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zurich Switzerland
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37
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Dumele O, Schreib B, Warzok U, Trapp N, Schalley CA, Diederich F. Halogenverbrückte supramolekulare Kapseln im Festkörper, in Lösung und in der Gasphase. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201610884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Dumele
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Schweiz
- Department of Chemistry; Northwestern University; 2145 Sheridan Rd Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Benedikt Schreib
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Ulrike Warzok
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie; Freie Universität Berlin; Takustraße 3 14195 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Nils Trapp
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Christoph A. Schalley
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie; Freie Universität Berlin; Takustraße 3 14195 Berlin Deutschland
| | - François Diederich
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Schweiz
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Turunen L, Warzok U, Puttreddy R, Beyeh NK, Schalley CA, Rissanen K. [N⋅⋅⋅I+
⋅⋅⋅N] Halogen-Bonded Dimeric Capsules from Tetrakis(3-pyridyl)ethylene Cavitands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:14033-14036. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201607789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lotta Turunen
- Department of Chemistry; NanoScience Center; University of Jyvaskyla; P.O. Box 35, FI- 40014 Jyvaskyla Finland
| | - Ulrike Warzok
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie der; Freien Universität Berlin; Takustrasse 3 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Rakesh Puttreddy
- Department of Chemistry; NanoScience Center; University of Jyvaskyla; P.O. Box 35, FI- 40014 Jyvaskyla Finland
| | - Ngong Kodiah Beyeh
- Aalto University; School of Science; Department of Applied Physics; Puumiehenkuja 2, FI- 02150 Espoo Finland
| | - Christoph A. Schalley
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie der; Freien Universität Berlin; Takustrasse 3 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Kari Rissanen
- Department of Chemistry; NanoScience Center; University of Jyvaskyla; P.O. Box 35, FI- 40014 Jyvaskyla Finland
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39
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Turunen L, Warzok U, Puttreddy R, Beyeh NK, Schalley CA, Rissanen K. [N⋅⋅⋅I+
⋅⋅⋅N] Halogen-Bonded Dimeric Capsules from Tetrakis(3-pyridyl)ethylene Cavitands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201607789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lotta Turunen
- Department of Chemistry; NanoScience Center; University of Jyvaskyla; P.O. Box 35, FI- 40014 Jyvaskyla Finland
| | - Ulrike Warzok
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie der; Freien Universität Berlin; Takustrasse 3 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Rakesh Puttreddy
- Department of Chemistry; NanoScience Center; University of Jyvaskyla; P.O. Box 35, FI- 40014 Jyvaskyla Finland
| | - Ngong Kodiah Beyeh
- Aalto University; School of Science; Department of Applied Physics; Puumiehenkuja 2, FI- 02150 Espoo Finland
| | - Christoph A. Schalley
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie der; Freien Universität Berlin; Takustrasse 3 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Kari Rissanen
- Department of Chemistry; NanoScience Center; University of Jyvaskyla; P.O. Box 35, FI- 40014 Jyvaskyla Finland
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Massena CJ, Wageling NB, Decato DA, Martin Rodriguez E, Rose AM, Berryman OB. A Halogen-Bond-Induced Triple Helicate Encapsulates Iodide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:12398-402. [PMID: 27411932 PMCID: PMC5155591 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201605440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The self-assembly of higher-order anion helicates in solution remains an elusive goal. Herein, we present the first triple helicate to encapsulate iodide in organic and aqueous media as well as the solid state. The triple helicate self-assembles from three tricationic arylethynyl strands and resembles a tubular anion channel lined with nine halogen bond donors. Eight strong iodine⋅⋅⋅iodide halogen bonds and numerous buried π-surfaces endow the triplex with remarkable stability, even at elevated temperatures. We suggest that the natural rise of a single-strand helix renders its linear halogen-bond donors non-convergent. Thus, the stringent linearity of halogen bonding is a powerful tool for the synthesis of multi-strand anion helicates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey J Massena
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Montana, 32 Campus Dr, Missoula, MT, 59812, USA
| | - Nicholas B Wageling
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Montana, 32 Campus Dr, Missoula, MT, 59812, USA
| | - Daniel A Decato
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Montana, 32 Campus Dr, Missoula, MT, 59812, USA
| | - Enrique Martin Rodriguez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Montana, 32 Campus Dr, Missoula, MT, 59812, USA
| | - Ariana M Rose
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Montana, 32 Campus Dr, Missoula, MT, 59812, USA
| | - Orion B Berryman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Montana, 32 Campus Dr, Missoula, MT, 59812, USA.
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41
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Gualandi L, Mezzina E, Franchi P, Lucarini M. Nitroxide Radical Spin Probes for Exploring Halogen-Bonding Interactions in Solution. Chemistry 2016; 22:16017-16021. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Gualandi
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”; University of Bologna; Via S. Giacomo 11 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Elisabetta Mezzina
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”; University of Bologna; Via S. Giacomo 11 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Paola Franchi
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”; University of Bologna; Via S. Giacomo 11 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Marco Lucarini
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”; University of Bologna; Via S. Giacomo 11 40126 Bologna Italy
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Massena CJ, Wageling NB, Decato DA, Martin Rodriguez E, Rose AM, Berryman OB. A Halogen‐Bond‐Induced Triple Helicate Encapsulates Iodide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201605440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Casey J. Massena
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Montana 32 Campus Dr Missoula MT 59812 USA
| | - Nicholas B. Wageling
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Montana 32 Campus Dr Missoula MT 59812 USA
| | - Daniel A. Decato
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Montana 32 Campus Dr Missoula MT 59812 USA
| | - Enrique Martin Rodriguez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Montana 32 Campus Dr Missoula MT 59812 USA
| | - Ariana M. Rose
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Montana 32 Campus Dr Missoula MT 59812 USA
| | - Orion B. Berryman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Montana 32 Campus Dr Missoula MT 59812 USA
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Grommet AB, Bolliger JL, Browne C, Nitschke JR. A Triphasic Sorting System: Coordination Cages in Ionic Liquids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201505774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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44
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Grommet AB, Bolliger JL, Browne C, Nitschke JR. A Triphasic Sorting System: Coordination Cages in Ionic Liquids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:15100-4. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201505774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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