1
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Chen J, Tan C, Rodrigalvarez J, Zhang S, Martin R. Site-Selective Distal C(sp 3)-H Bromination of Aliphatic Amines as a Gateway for Forging Nitrogen-Containing sp 3 Architectures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202406485. [PMID: 38770612 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202406485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we disclose a new strategy that rapidly and reliably incorporates bromine atoms at distal, secondary C(sp3)-H sites in aliphatic amines with an excellent and predictable site-selectivity pattern. The resulting halogenated building blocks serve as versatile linchpins to enable a series of carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bond-formations at remote C(sp3) sites, thus offering a new modular and unified platform that expediates the access to advanced sp3 architectures possessing valuable nitrogen-containing saturated heterocycles of interest in medicinal chemistry settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhong Chen
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, c/Marcel ⋅ lí Domingo, 1, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Clarence Tan
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jesus Rodrigalvarez
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, c/Marcel ⋅ lí Domingo, 1, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ruben Martin
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Passeig Lluïs Companys, 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
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2
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Bo C, Li M, Chen F, Liu J, Dai B, Liu N. Visible-Light-Initiated Air-Oxygenation of Alkylarenes to Carbonyls Mediated by Carbon Tetrabromide in Water. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024; 17:e202301015. [PMID: 37661194 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Synthesizing benzyl skeleton derivatives via direct oxidation of functionalized benzylic C-H bonds has received extensive research attention. Herein, a method was developed to prepare carbonyl compounds via photoinduced aerobic oxidation of ubiquitous benzylic C-H bonds mediated by bromine radicals and tribromomethane radicals. This method employed commercially available CBr4 as a hydrogen atom transfer reagent precursor, air as an oxidant, water as a reaction solvent, and tetrabutylammonium perchlorate (TBAPC) as an additive under mild conditions. A series of substrates bearing different functional groups was converted to aromatic carbonyls in moderate to good yields. Moreover, a low environmental factor (E-factor value=0.45) showed that the proposed method is ecofriendly and environmentally sustainable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunbo Bo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, North Fourth Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832003, China
| | - Min Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, North Fourth Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832003, China
| | - Fei Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, North Fourth Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832003, China
| | - Jichang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, North Fourth Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832003, China
| | - Bin Dai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, North Fourth Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832003, China
| | - Ning Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, North Fourth Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832003, China
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3
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Wang H, Giardino GJ, Chen R, Yang C, Niu J, Wang D. Photocatalytic Depolymerization of Native Lignin toward Chemically Recyclable Polymer Networks. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2023; 9:48-55. [PMID: 36712484 PMCID: PMC9881207 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.2c01257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As an inedible component of biomass, lignin features rich functional groups that are desired for chemical syntheses. How to effectively depolymerize lignin without compromising the more valuable cellulose and hemicellulose has been a significant challenge. Existing biomass processing procedures either induce extensive condensation in lignin that greatly hinders its chemical utilization or focus on fully depolymerizing lignin to produce monomers that are difficult to separate for subsequent chemical synthesis. Here, we report a new approach to selective partial depolymerization, which produces oligomers that can be readily converted to chemically recyclable polymer networks. The process takes advantage of the high selectivity of photocatalytic activation of the β-O-4 bond in lignin by tetrabutylammonium decatungstate (TBADT). The availability of exogenous electron mediators or scavengers promotes cleavage or oxidation of this bond, respectively, enabling high degrees of control over the depolymerization and the density of a key functional group, C=O, in the products. The resulting oligomers can then be readily utilized for the synthesis of polymer networks through reactions between C=O and branched -NH2 as a dynamic covalent cross-linker. Importantly, the resulting polymer network can be recycled to enable a circular economy of materials directly derived from biomass.
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4
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Gorbachev D, Smith E, Argent SP, Newton GN, Lam HW. Synthesis of New Morphinan Opioids by TBADT‐Catalyzed Photochemical Functionalization at the Carbon Skeleton**. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201478. [PMID: 35661287 PMCID: PMC9544987 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Gorbachev
- The GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry University of Nottingham Jubilee Campus, Triumph Road Nottingham NG7 2TU UK
- School of Chemistry University of Nottingham University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Elliot Smith
- The GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry University of Nottingham Jubilee Campus, Triumph Road Nottingham NG7 2TU UK
- School of Chemistry University of Nottingham University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Stephen P. Argent
- School of Chemistry University of Nottingham University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Graham N. Newton
- The GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry University of Nottingham Jubilee Campus, Triumph Road Nottingham NG7 2TU UK
- School of Chemistry University of Nottingham University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Hon Wai Lam
- The GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry University of Nottingham Jubilee Campus, Triumph Road Nottingham NG7 2TU UK
- School of Chemistry University of Nottingham University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
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5
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Özgen FF, Jorea A, Capaldo L, Kourist R, Ravelli D, Schmidt S. The Synthesis of Chiral γ‐Lactones by Merging Decatungstate Photocatalysis with Biocatalysis. ChemCatChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202200855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Feyza Özgen
- Rijksuniversiteit Groningen Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology Antonius Deusinglaan 1 9713AV Groningen NETHERLANDS
| | - Alexandra Jorea
- University of Pavia: Universita degli Studi di Pavia Department of Chemistry viale Taramelli 12 27100 Pavia ITALY
| | - Luca Capaldo
- University of Pavia: Universita degli Studi di Pavia Department of Chemistry viale Taramelli 12 27100 Pavia ITALY
| | - Robert Kourist
- Graz University of Technology: Technische Universitat Graz Institut of Molecular Biotechnology Petersgass 14 8010 Graz AUSTRIA
| | - Davide Ravelli
- University of Pavia: Universita degli Studi di Pavia Department of Chemistry viale Taramelli 12 27100 Pavia ITALY
| | - Sandy Schmidt
- Rijksuniversiteit Groningen Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology Antonius Deusinglaan 1 9713AV Groningen NETHERLANDS
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6
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Shee M, Singh NDP. Photogenerated Azido Radical Mediated Oxidation: Access to Carbonyl Functionality from Alcohols, Alkylarenes, and Olefins via Organophotoredox. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maniklal Shee
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur 721302 Kharagpur West Bengal India
| | - N. D. Pradeep Singh
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur 721302 Kharagpur West Bengal India
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7
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Ferlin F, Anastasiou I, Salameh N, Miyakoshi T, Baudoin O, Vaccaro L. C(sp 3 )-H Arylation Promoted by a Heterogeneous Palladium-N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complex in Batch and Continuous Flow. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202102736. [PMID: 35098689 PMCID: PMC9303704 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202102736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A heterogeneous reusable palladium(II)-bis(N-heterocyclic carbene) catalyst was prepared and shown to catalyze the intramolecular C(sp3 )-H activation/cyclization of N-alkyl-2-bromoanilines furnishing indolines. This new catalytic system was based on a bis-imidazolium ligand immobilized on a spaced cross-linked polystyrene support. The iodide ligands on the catalyst played a central role in the efficiency of the process occurring through a "release and catch" mechanism. The heterogeneous nature of the catalyst was further exploited in the design of a continuous-flow protocol that allowed a more efficient recovery and reuse of the catalyst, as well as a very fast and safe procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Ferlin
- Laboratory of Green SOCDipartimento di ChimicaBiologia e BiotecnologieUniversità degli Studi di PerugiaVia Elce di Sotto, 806124PerugiaItaly
| | - Ioannis Anastasiou
- Laboratory of Green SOCDipartimento di ChimicaBiologia e BiotecnologieUniversità degli Studi di PerugiaVia Elce di Sotto, 806124PerugiaItaly
| | - Nihad Salameh
- Laboratory of Green SOCDipartimento di ChimicaBiologia e BiotecnologieUniversità degli Studi di PerugiaVia Elce di Sotto, 806124PerugiaItaly
| | - Takeru Miyakoshi
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BaselSt. Johanns-Ring 19CH-4056BaselSwitzerland
| | - Olivier Baudoin
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BaselSt. Johanns-Ring 19CH-4056BaselSwitzerland
| | - Luigi Vaccaro
- Laboratory of Green SOCDipartimento di ChimicaBiologia e BiotecnologieUniversità degli Studi di PerugiaVia Elce di Sotto, 806124PerugiaItaly
- Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University)6 Miklukho-Maklaya StMoscow117198Russia
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8
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Wang YH, Yang Q, Walsh PJ, Schelter EJ. Light-mediated aerobic oxidation of C(sp 3)–H bonds by a Ce( iv) hexachloride complex. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00362g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A photochemical C(sp3)–H oxygenation of arene and alkane substrates (including methane) catalyzed by [NEt4]2[CeIVCl6] under mild conditions (1 atm, 25 °C) is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Heng Wang
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Qiaomu Yang
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Patrick J. Walsh
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Eric J. Schelter
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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9
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Li J, Zhao J, Ma C, Yu Z, Zhu H, Yun L, Meng Q. Visible-Light-Driven Oxidative Cleavage of Alkenes Using Water-Soluble CdSe Quantum Dots. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:4985-4992. [PMID: 34494393 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202101504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The oxidative cleavage of C=C bonds is an important chemical reaction, which is a popular reaction in the photocatalytic field. However, high catalyst-loading and low turnover number (TON) are general shortcomings in reported visible-light-driven reactions. Herein, the direct oxidative cleavage of C=C bonds through water-soluble CdSe quantum dots (QDs) is described under visible-light irradiation at room temperature with high TON (up to 3.7×104 ). Under the same conditions, water-soluble CdSe QDs could also oxidize sulfides to sulfoxides with 51-84 % yields and TONs up to 3.4×104 . The key features of this photocatalytic protocol include high TONs, wide substrates scope, low catalyst loadings, simple and mild reaction conditions, and molecular O2 as the oxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Jingnan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Cunfei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Zongyi Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Hongfei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Lei Yun
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Qingwei Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, P. R. China
- Ningbo Institute, Dalian University of Technology, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315016, P. R. China
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10
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Wang M, Wen J, Huang Y, Hu P. Selective Degradation of Styrene-Related Plastics Catalyzed by Iron under Visible Light*. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:5049-5056. [PMID: 34510789 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202101762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Efficient degradation of plastics, the vital challenge for a sustainable future, stands in need of better chemical recycling procedures that help produce commercially valuable small molecules and redefine plastic waste as a rich source of chemical feedstock. However, the corresponding chemical recycling methods, while being generally restricted to polar polymers, need improvement. Particularly, degradation of chemically inert nonpolar polymers, the major constitutes of plastics, suffers from low selectivity and very harsh transformation conditions. Herein, an efficient method was developed for selective degradation of styrene-related plastics under gentle conditions through multiple oxidation of sp3 C-H bonds and sp3 C-C bonds. The procedure was catalyzed with inexpensive iron salts under visible light, using oxygen as green oxidant. Furthermore, simple iron salts could be used to degrade plastics in the absence of solvent under natural conditions, highlighting the potential application of iron salts as additives for degradable plastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Wang
- Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Jinglan Wen
- Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Yahao Huang
- Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Peng Hu
- Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
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11
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Ye Z, Lin Y, Gong L. The Merger of Photocatalyzed Hydrogen Atom Transfer with Transition Metal Catalysis for C−H Functionalization of Alkanes and Cycloalkanes. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Ye
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province iChEM College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen, Fujian 361005 China
| | - Yu‐Mei Lin
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province iChEM College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen, Fujian 361005 China
| | - Lei Gong
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province iChEM College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen, Fujian 361005 China
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12
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Mazzarella D, Pulcinella A, Bovy L, Broersma R, Noël T. Rapid and Direct Photocatalytic C(sp
3
)−H Acylation and Arylation in Flow. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202108987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Mazzarella
- Flow Chemistry Group Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS) University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Antonio Pulcinella
- Flow Chemistry Group Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS) University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Loïc Bovy
- Flow Chemistry Group Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS) University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Rémy Broersma
- Signify Research High Tech Campus 7 5656 AE Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Timothy Noël
- Flow Chemistry Group Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS) University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
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13
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Mazzarella D, Pulcinella A, Bovy L, Broersma R, Noël T. Rapid and Direct Photocatalytic C(sp 3 )-H Acylation and Arylation in Flow. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:21277-21282. [PMID: 34329531 PMCID: PMC8518495 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report a photocatalytic procedure that enables the acylation/arylation of unfunctionalized alkyl derivatives in flow. The method exploits the ability of the decatungstate anion to act as a hydrogen atom abstractor and produce nucleophilic carbon-centered radicals that are intercepted by a nickel catalyst to ultimately forge C(sp3 )-C(sp2 ) bonds. Owing to the intensified conditions in flow, the reaction time can be reduced from 12-48 hours to only 5-15 minutes. Finally, kinetic measurements highlight how the intensified conditions do not change the reaction mechanism but reliably speed up the overall process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Mazzarella
- Flow Chemistry GroupVan't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS)University of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Antonio Pulcinella
- Flow Chemistry GroupVan't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS)University of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Loïc Bovy
- Flow Chemistry GroupVan't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS)University of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Rémy Broersma
- Signify ResearchHigh Tech Campus 75656AEEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Timothy Noël
- Flow Chemistry GroupVan't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS)University of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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14
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Wan T, Capaldo L, Laudadio G, Nyuchev AV, Rincón JA, García‐Losada P, Mateos C, Frederick MO, Nuño M, Noël T. Decatungstate-Mediated C(sp 3 )-H Heteroarylation via Radical-Polar Crossover in Batch and Flow. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:17893-17897. [PMID: 34060204 PMCID: PMC8457183 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202104682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Photocatalytic hydrogen atom transfer is a very powerful strategy for the regioselective C(sp3 )-H functionalization of organic molecules. Herein, we report on the unprecedented combination of decatungstate hydrogen atom transfer photocatalysis with the oxidative radical-polar crossover concept to access the direct net-oxidative C(sp3 )-H heteroarylation. The present methodology demonstrates a high functional group tolerance (40 examples) and is scalable when using continuous-flow reactor technology. The developed protocol is also amenable to the late-stage functionalization of biologically relevant molecules such as stanozolol, (-)-ambroxide, podophyllotoxin, and dideoxyribose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wan
- Flow Chemistry GroupVan't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS)University of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Luca Capaldo
- Flow Chemistry GroupVan't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS)University of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Gabriele Laudadio
- Flow Chemistry GroupVan't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS)University of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Alexander V. Nyuchev
- Department of Organic ChemistryLobachevsky State University of Nizhny NovgorodGagarina Avenue 23603950Nizhny NovgorodRussia
| | - Juan A. Rincón
- Centro de Investigación Lilly S.A.Avda. de la Industria 3028108Alcobendas-MadridSpain
| | - Pablo García‐Losada
- Centro de Investigación Lilly S.A.Avda. de la Industria 3028108Alcobendas-MadridSpain
| | - Carlos Mateos
- Centro de Investigación Lilly S.A.Avda. de la Industria 3028108Alcobendas-MadridSpain
| | - Michael O. Frederick
- Small Molecule Design and DevelopmentEli Lilly and CompanyIndianapolisIN46285USA
| | - Manuel Nuño
- Vapourtec Ltd.Park Farm Business CentreFornham St GenevieveBury St EdmundsSuffolkIP28 6TSUK
| | - Timothy Noël
- Flow Chemistry GroupVan't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS)University of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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15
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Wan T, Capaldo L, Laudadio G, Nyuchev AV, Rincón JA, García‐Losada P, Mateos C, Frederick MO, Nuño M, Noël T. Decatungstate‐Mediated C(sp
3
)–H Heteroarylation via Radical‐Polar Crossover in Batch and Flow. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202104682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wan
- Flow Chemistry Group Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS) University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Luca Capaldo
- Flow Chemistry Group Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS) University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Gabriele Laudadio
- Flow Chemistry Group Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS) University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Alexander V. Nyuchev
- Department of Organic Chemistry Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod Gagarina Avenue 23 603950 Nizhny Novgorod Russia
| | - Juan A. Rincón
- Centro de Investigación Lilly S.A. Avda. de la Industria 30 28108 Alcobendas-Madrid Spain
| | - Pablo García‐Losada
- Centro de Investigación Lilly S.A. Avda. de la Industria 30 28108 Alcobendas-Madrid Spain
| | - Carlos Mateos
- Centro de Investigación Lilly S.A. Avda. de la Industria 30 28108 Alcobendas-Madrid Spain
| | - Michael O. Frederick
- Small Molecule Design and Development Eli Lilly and Company Indianapolis IN 46285 USA
| | - Manuel Nuño
- Vapourtec Ltd. Park Farm Business Centre Fornham St Genevieve Bury St Edmunds Suffolk IP28 6TS UK
| | - Timothy Noël
- Flow Chemistry Group Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS) University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
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16
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Kleoff M, Schwan J, Christmann M, Heretsch P. A Modular, Argon-Driven Flow Platform for Natural Product Synthesis and Late-Stage Transformations. Org Lett 2021; 23:2370-2374. [PMID: 33689372 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
A modular flow platform for natural product synthesis was designed. To access different reaction setups with a maximum of flexibility, interchangeable 3D-printed components serve as backbone. By switching from liquid- to gas-driven flow, reagent and solvent waste is minimized, which translates into an advantageous sustainability profile. To enable inert conditions, "Schlenk-in-flow" techniques for the safe handling of oxygen- and moisture sensitive reagents were developed. Adopting these techniques, reproducible transformations in natural product synthesis were achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merlin Kleoff
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Organische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Schwan
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Organische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mathias Christmann
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Organische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Heretsch
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Organische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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17
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Özgen FF, Runda ME, Schmidt S. Photo-biocatalytic Cascades: Combining Chemical and Enzymatic Transformations Fueled by Light. Chembiochem 2021; 22:790-806. [PMID: 32961020 PMCID: PMC7983893 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the field of green chemistry, light - an attractive natural agent - has received particular attention for driving biocatalytic reactions. Moreover, the implementation of light to drive (chemo)enzymatic cascade reactions opens up a golden window of opportunities. However, there are limitations to many current examples, mostly associated with incompatibility between the enzyme and the photocatalyst. Additionally, the formation of reactive radicals upon illumination and the loss of catalytic activities in the presence of required additives are common observations. As outlined in this review, the main question is how to overcome current challenges to the exploitation of light to drive (chemo)enzymatic transformations. First, we highlight general concepts in photo-biocatalysis, then give various examples of photo-chemoenzymatic (PCE) cascades, further summarize current synthetic examples of PCE cascades and discuss strategies to address the limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Feyza Özgen
- Groningen Research Institute of PharmacyDepartment of Chemical and Pharmaceutical BiologyAntonius Deusinglaan 19713 AVGroningen (TheNetherlands
| | - Michael E. Runda
- Groningen Research Institute of PharmacyDepartment of Chemical and Pharmaceutical BiologyAntonius Deusinglaan 19713 AVGroningen (TheNetherlands
| | - Sandy Schmidt
- Groningen Research Institute of PharmacyDepartment of Chemical and Pharmaceutical BiologyAntonius Deusinglaan 19713 AVGroningen (TheNetherlands
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18
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Ueda M, Kamikawa K, Fukuyama T, Wang YT, Wu YK, Ryu I. Site-Selective Alkenylation of Unactivated C(sp 3 )-H Bonds Mediated by Compact Sulfate Radical. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:3545-3550. [PMID: 33128429 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202011992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A broad variety of unactivated acyclic and alicyclic substrates cleanly undergo site-selective alkenylation of unactivated C(sp3 )-H bonds with 1,2-bis(phenylsulfonyl)ethene in the presence of persulfate. This simple transformation furnishes (E)-2-alkylvinylphenylsulfones in up to 88 % yield. In contrast with the previously reported decatungstate protocol, the current method is applicable to alkenylation of sterically hindered C-H bonds. This important advantage significantly broadens the substrate scope, and is attributed to the compact size of the sulfate radical employed in the C-H activation and cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuhiro Ueda
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan
| | - Kazuya Kamikawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan
| | - Takahide Fukuyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan
| | - Yi-Ting Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ku Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Ilhyong Ryu
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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19
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Xu S, Chen H, Zhou Z, Kong W. Three-Component Alkene Difunctionalization by Direct and Selective Activation of Aliphatic C-H Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:7405-7411. [PMID: 33300196 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202014632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Catalytic alkene difunctionalization is a powerful strategy for the rapid assembly of complex molecules and has wide range of applications in synthetic chemistry. Despite significant progress, a compelling challenge that still needs to be solved is the installation of highly functionalized C(sp3 )-hybridized centers without requiring pre-activated substrates. We herein report that inexpensive and easy-to-synthesize decatungstate photo-HAT, in combination with nickel catalysis, provides a versatile platform for three-component alkene difunctionalization through direct and selective activation of aliphatic C-H bonds. Compared with previous studies, the significant advantages of this strategy are that the most abundant hydrocarbons are used as feedstocks, and various highly functionalized tertiary, secondary, and primary C(sp3 )-hybrid centers can be easily installed. The practicability of this strategy is demonstrated in the selective late-stage functionalization of natural products and the concise synthesis of pharmaceutically relevant molecules including Piragliatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Xu
- The Center for Precision Synthesis (CPS), Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Herong Chen
- The Center for Precision Synthesis (CPS), Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Zhijun Zhou
- The Center for Precision Synthesis (CPS), Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Wangqing Kong
- The Center for Precision Synthesis (CPS), Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
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20
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Xu S, Chen H, Zhou Z, Kong W. Three‐Component Alkene Difunctionalization by Direct and Selective Activation of Aliphatic C−H Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202014632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Xu
- The Center for Precision Synthesis (CPS) Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS) Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Herong Chen
- The Center for Precision Synthesis (CPS) Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS) Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Zhijun Zhou
- The Center for Precision Synthesis (CPS) Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS) Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Wangqing Kong
- The Center for Precision Synthesis (CPS) Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS) Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
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21
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Abstract
Photochemical transformations of molecular building blocks have become an important and widely recognized research field in the past decade. Detailed and deep understanding of novel photochemical catalysts and reaction concepts with visible light as the energy source has enabled a broad application portfolio for synthetic organic chemistry. In parallel, continuous-flow chemistry and microreaction technology have become the basis for thinking and doing chemistry in a novel fashion with clear focus on improved process control for higher conversion and selectivity. As can be seen by the large number of scientific publications on flow photochemistry in the recent past, both research topics have found each other as exceptionally well-suited counterparts with high synergy by combining chemistry and technology. This review will give an overview on selected reaction classes, which represent important photochemical transformations in synthetic organic chemistry, and which benefit from mild and defined process conditions by the transfer from batch to continuous-flow mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas H. Rehm
- Division Energy & Chemical Technology/Flow Chemistry GroupFraunhofer Institute for Microengineering and Microsystems IMMCarl-Zeiss-Straße 18–2055129MainzGermany
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22
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Ueda M, Kamikawa K, Fukuyama T, Wang Y, Wu Y, Ryu I. Site‐Selective Alkenylation of Unactivated C(sp
3
)−H Bonds Mediated by Compact Sulfate Radical. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202011992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuhiro Ueda
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Osaka Prefecture University Sakai Osaka 599-8531 Japan
| | - Kazuya Kamikawa
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Osaka Prefecture University Sakai Osaka 599-8531 Japan
| | - Takahide Fukuyama
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Osaka Prefecture University Sakai Osaka 599-8531 Japan
| | - Yi‐Ting Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan
| | - Yen‐Ku Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan
| | - Ilhyong Ryu
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Osaka Prefecture University Sakai Osaka 599-8531 Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan
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23
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Petzold D, Giedyk M, Chatterjee A, König B. A Retrosynthetic Approach for Photocatalysis. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Petzold
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Regensburg Universitätsstraße 31 93053 Regensburg Germany
| | - Maciej Giedyk
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Regensburg Universitätsstraße 31 93053 Regensburg Germany
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01‐224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Anamitra Chatterjee
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Regensburg Universitätsstraße 31 93053 Regensburg Germany
| | - Burkhard König
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Regensburg Universitätsstraße 31 93053 Regensburg Germany
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24
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Dolui P, Das J, Chandrashekar HB, Anjana SS, Maiti D. Ligand‐Enabled Pd
II
‐Catalyzed Iterative γ‐C(sp3)−H Arylation of Free Aliphatic Acid. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:13773-13777. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201907262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pravas Dolui
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Jayabrata Das
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | | | - S. S. Anjana
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai Mumbai 400076 India
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25
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Ramakrishna K, Biswas JP, Jana S, Achar TK, Porey S, Maiti D. Coordination Assisted Distal C−H Alkylation of Fused Heterocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:13808-13812. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201907544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kankanala Ramakrishna
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Jyoti Prasad Biswas
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Sadhan Jana
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Tapas Kumar Achar
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Sandip Porey
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai Mumbai 400076 India
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26
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Fukuyama T, Nishikawa T, Ryu I. Site-Selective C(sp3
)-H Functionalization of Fluorinated Alkanes Driven by Polar Effects Using a Tungstate Photocatalyst. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takahide Fukuyama
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Osaka Prefecture University; 599-8531 Sakai Osaka Japan
| | - Tomohiro Nishikawa
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Osaka Prefecture University; 599-8531 Sakai Osaka Japan
| | - Ilhyong Ryu
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Osaka Prefecture University; 599-8531 Sakai Osaka Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; National Chiao Tung University; 30010 Hsinchu Taiwan
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27
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Dolui P, Das J, Chandrashekar HB, Anjana SS, Maiti D. Ligand‐Enabled Pd
II
‐Catalyzed Iterative γ‐C(sp3)−H Arylation of Free Aliphatic Acid. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201907262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pravas Dolui
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Jayabrata Das
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | | | - S. S. Anjana
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai Mumbai 400076 India
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28
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Ramakrishna K, Biswas JP, Jana S, Achar TK, Porey S, Maiti D. Coordination Assisted Distal C−H Alkylation of Fused Heterocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201907544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kankanala Ramakrishna
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Jyoti Prasad Biswas
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Sadhan Jana
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Tapas Kumar Achar
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Sandip Porey
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai Mumbai 400076 India
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29
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Timothy Noël. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201900862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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30
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Timothy Noël. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201900862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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31
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Zhang Y, Schilling W, Das S. Metal-Free Photocatalysts for C-H Bond Oxygenation Reactions with Oxygen as the Oxidant. CHEMSUSCHEM 2019; 12:2898-2910. [PMID: 30934144 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201900414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Direct and selective oxygenation of C-H bonds to C-O bonds is regarded as an effective tool to generate high-value products. However, these reactions are still subject to challenges such as harsh reaction conditions, use of expensive transition metal catalysts, and involvement of stoichiometric oxidants. To avoid these, molecular oxygen would be ideal as oxidant, as the byproduct is water or hydrogen peroxide. Additionally, achieving these reactions by using metal-free catalysts would contribute to green and sustainable chemical synthesis. This Minireview summarizes recent reports on C-H oxygenation reactions with metal-free catalysts and molecular oxygen under visible-light conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Waldemar Schilling
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Shoubhik Das
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
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32
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Sterckx H, Morel B, Maes BUW. Catalytic Aerobic Oxidation of C(sp 3 )-H Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:7946-7970. [PMID: 30052305 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201804946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Oxidation reactions are a key technology to transform hydrocarbons from petroleum feedstock into chemicals of a higher oxidation state, allowing further chemical transformations. These bulk-scale oxidation processes usually employ molecular oxygen as the terminal oxidant as at this scale it is typically the only economically viable oxidant. The produced commodity chemicals possess limited functionality and usually show a high degree of symmetry thereby avoiding selectivity issues. In sharp contrast, in the production of fine chemicals preference is still given to classical oxidants. Considering the strive for greener production processes, the use of O2 , the most abundant and greenest oxidant, is a logical choice. Given the rich functionality and complexity of fine chemicals, achieving regio/chemoselectivity is a major challenge. This review presents an overview of the most important catalytic systems recently described for aerobic oxidation, and the current insight in their reaction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Sterckx
- Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Bénédicte Morel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Bert U W Maes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020, Antwerp, Belgium
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33
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Sterckx H, Morel B, Maes BUW. Katalytische, aerobe Oxidation von C(sp
3
)‐H‐Bindungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201804946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hans Sterckx
- Department of Chemistry University of Antwerp Groenenborgerlaan 171 B-2020 Antwerpen Belgien
| | - Bénédicte Morel
- Department of Chemistry University of Antwerp Groenenborgerlaan 171 B-2020 Antwerpen Belgien
| | - Bert U. W. Maes
- Department of Chemistry University of Antwerp Groenenborgerlaan 171 B-2020 Antwerpen Belgien
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34
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Lesieur M, Battilocchio C, Labes R, Jacq J, Genicot C, Ley SV, Pasau P. Direct Oxidation of Csp
3
−H bonds using in Situ Generated Trifluoromethylated Dioxirane in Flow. Chemistry 2018; 25:1203-1207. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Lesieur
- UCB Biopharma Avenue de l'industrie 1420 Braine l'Alleud Belgium
| | - Claudio Battilocchio
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG Schaffhauserstrasse CH-4332 Stein Switzerland
| | - Ricardo Labes
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Jérôme Jacq
- UCB Biopharma Avenue de l'industrie 1420 Braine l'Alleud Belgium
| | | | - Steven V. Ley
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Patrick Pasau
- UCB Biopharma Avenue de l'industrie 1420 Braine l'Alleud Belgium
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35
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Casnati A, Gemoets HPL, Motti E, Della Ca' N, Noël T. Homogeneous and Gas-Liquid Catellani-Type Reaction Enabled by Continuous-Flow Chemistry. Chemistry 2018; 24:14079-14083. [PMID: 30079970 PMCID: PMC6175142 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201803909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A practical homogeneous and gas-liquid palladium-catalyzed Catellani-type reaction using a continuous-flow platform is described. The implementation of continuous-flow technology allowed the acceleration of the transformation and, for the first time, expansion of the chemical space to gaseous olefins (i.e., ethylene, propylene and 3,3,3-trifluoropropene), thus providing a safe and practical approach to sterically hindered ortho-disubstituted styrenes and vinyl arenes. The complete control over the stoichiometry of gaseous reagents through flow technology proved essential for directing the selectivity of the Catellani reaction to the desired products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Casnati
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryMicro Flow Chemistry & Process TechnologyEindhoven University of TechnologyDen Dolech 25612AZEindhovenThe Netherlands
- Department of ChemistryLife Sciences and Environmental Sustainability (SCVSA)University of ParmaParco Area delle Scienze 17/A43124ParmaItaly
| | - Hannes P. L. Gemoets
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryMicro Flow Chemistry & Process TechnologyEindhoven University of TechnologyDen Dolech 25612AZEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Elena Motti
- Department of ChemistryLife Sciences and Environmental Sustainability (SCVSA)University of ParmaParco Area delle Scienze 17/A43124ParmaItaly
| | - Nicola Della Ca'
- Department of ChemistryLife Sciences and Environmental Sustainability (SCVSA)University of ParmaParco Area delle Scienze 17/A43124ParmaItaly
| | - Timothy Noël
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryMicro Flow Chemistry & Process TechnologyEindhoven University of TechnologyDen Dolech 25612AZEindhovenThe Netherlands
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36
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Liang Y, Steinbock R, Yang L, Ackermann L. Continuous Visible‐Light Photoflow Approach for a Manganese‐Catalyzed (Het)Arene C−H Arylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201805644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐Feng Liang
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Ralf Steinbock
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Long Yang
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
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37
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Garbarino S, Protti S, Gabrielli S, Fagnoni M, Palmieri A, Ravelli D. Multi‐Step Continuous Flow Synthesis of β/γ‐Substituted Ketones. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201800107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Garbarino
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry University of Pavia V.Le Taramelli 12 27100 Pavia Italy
| | - Stefano Protti
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry University of Pavia V.Le Taramelli 12 27100 Pavia Italy
| | - Serena Gabrielli
- Green Chemistry Group, School of Science and Technology Chemistry Division University of Camerino Via S. Agostino 1 62032 Camerino (MC) Italy
| | - Maurizio Fagnoni
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry University of Pavia V.Le Taramelli 12 27100 Pavia Italy
| | - Alessandro Palmieri
- Green Chemistry Group, School of Science and Technology Chemistry Division University of Camerino Via S. Agostino 1 62032 Camerino (MC) Italy
| | - Davide Ravelli
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry University of Pavia V.Le Taramelli 12 27100 Pavia Italy
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38
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Liang YF, Steinbock R, Yang L, Ackermann L. Continuous Visible-Light Photoflow Approach for a Manganese-Catalyzed (Het)Arene C-H Arylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:10625-10629. [PMID: 29882633 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201805644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Manganese photocatalysts enabled versatile room-temperature C-H arylation reactions by means of continuous visible-light photoflow, thus allowing for efficient C-H arylations in 30 minutes with ample scope. The robustness of the manganese-catalyzed photoflow strategy was shown by visible light-induced gram-scale synthesis, clearly outperforming the batch performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Feng Liang
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ralf Steinbock
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Long Yang
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
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Fődi T, Ignácz G, Decsi B, Béni Z, Túrós GI, Kupai J, Weiser DB, Greiner I, Huszthy P, Balogh GT. Biomimetic Synthesis of Drug Metabolites in Batch and Continuous-Flow Reactors. Chemistry 2018; 24:9385-9392. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Fődi
- Compound Profiling Laboratory; Gedeon Richter Plc; Gyömrői út 19-21 1103 Budapest Hungary
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology; Budapest University of Technology and Economics; Műegyetem rkp. 3 1111 Budapest Hungary
| | - Gergő Ignácz
- Compound Profiling Laboratory; Gedeon Richter Plc; Gyömrői út 19-21 1103 Budapest Hungary
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology; Budapest University of Technology and Economics; Műegyetem rkp. 3 1111 Budapest Hungary
| | - Balázs Decsi
- Compound Profiling Laboratory; Gedeon Richter Plc; Gyömrői út 19-21 1103 Budapest Hungary
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology; Budapest University of Technology and Economics; Műegyetem rkp. 3 1111 Budapest Hungary
| | - Zoltán Béni
- Spectroscopic Research Department; Gedeon Richter Plc; Gyömrői út 19-21 1103 Budapest Hungary
| | - György I. Túrós
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory II; Gedeon Richter Plc; Gyömrői út 19-21 1103 Budapest Hungary
| | - József Kupai
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology; Budapest University of Technology and Economics; Műegyetem rkp. 3 1111 Budapest Hungary
| | - Diána Balogh Weiser
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology; Budapest University of Technology and Economics; Műegyetem rkp. 3 1111 Budapest Hungary
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science; Budapest University of Technology and Economics; Budafoki út 8 1111 Budapest Hungary
| | - István Greiner
- Research Directorate, Chemical Works; Gedeon Richter Plc; Gyömrői út 19-21 1103 Budapest Hungary
| | - Péter Huszthy
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology; Budapest University of Technology and Economics; Műegyetem rkp. 3 1111 Budapest Hungary
| | - György T. Balogh
- Compound Profiling Laboratory; Gedeon Richter Plc; Gyömrői út 19-21 1103 Budapest Hungary
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Internationaler Japanpreis: A. Yoshino / Merck-Banyu-Vorlesung: N. Kumagai / DECHEMA-Preis: T. Noël. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201804008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Japan Prize: A. Yoshino / Merck-Banyu Lectureship: N. Kumagai / DECHEMA Prize: T. Noël. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:5587. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201804008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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