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Ventura J, Llopis-Lorente A, Abdelmohsen LKEA, van Hest JCM, Martínez-Máñez R. Models of Chemical Communication for Micro/Nanoparticles. Acc Chem Res 2024; 57:815-830. [PMID: 38427324 PMCID: PMC10956390 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Engineering chemical communication between micro/nanosystems (via the exchange of chemical messengers) is receiving increasing attention from the scientific community. Although a number of micro- and nanodevices (e.g., drug carriers, sensors, and artificial cells) have been developed in the last decades, engineering communication at the micro/nanoscale is a recent emergent topic. In fact, most of the studies in this research area have been published within the last 10 years. Inspired by nature─where information is exchanged by means of molecules─the development of chemical communication strategies holds wide implications as it may provide breakthroughs in many areas including nanotechnology, artificial cell research, biomedicine, biotechnology, and ICT. Published examples rely on nanotechnology and synthetic biology for the creation of micro- and nanodevices that can communicate. Communication enables the construction of new complex systems capable of performing advanced coordinated tasks that go beyond those carried out by individual entities. In addition, the possibility to communicate between synthetic and living systems can further advance our understanding of biochemical processes and provide completely new tailored therapeutic and diagnostic strategies, ways to tune cellular behavior, and new biotechnological tools. In this Account, we summarize advances by our laboratories (and others) in the engineering of chemical communication of micro- and nanoparticles. This Account is structured to provide researchers from different fields with general strategies and common ground for the rational design of future communication networks at the micro/nanoscale. First, we cover the basis of and describe enabling technologies to engineer particles with communication capabilities. Next, we rationalize general models of chemical communication. These models vary from simple linear communication (transmission of information between two points) to more complex pathways such as interactive communication and multicomponent communication (involving several entities). Using illustrative experimental designs, we demonstrate the realization of these models which involve communication not only between engineered micro/nanoparticles but also between particles and living systems. Finally, we discuss the current state of the topic and the future challenges to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Ventura
- Instituto
Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular
y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat
Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Camino de Vera
s/n, 46022 València, Spain
| | - Antoni Llopis-Lorente
- Instituto
Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular
y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat
Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Camino de Vera
s/n, 46022 València, Spain
- CIBER
de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Loai K. E. A. Abdelmohsen
- Department
of Chemical Engineering & Chemistry, Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, Het Kranenveld 14, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jan C. M. van Hest
- Department
of Chemical Engineering & Chemistry, Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, Het Kranenveld 14, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Ramón Martínez-Máñez
- Instituto
Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular
y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat
Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Camino de Vera
s/n, 46022 València, Spain
- Unidad
Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores, Universitat Politècnica de València,
Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Av Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Unidad
Mixta UPV-CIPF de Investigación en Mecanismos de Enfermedades
y Nanomedicina, Universitat Politècnica
de València, Centro
de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, C/Eduardo Primo Yúfera
3, 46100 Valencia, Spain
- CIBER
de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Díez P, Lucena-Sánchez E, Escudero A, Llopis-Lorente A, Villalonga R, Martínez-Máñez R. Ultrafast Directional Janus Pt-Mesoporous Silica Nanomotors for Smart Drug Delivery. ACS NANO 2021; 15:4467-4480. [PMID: 33677957 PMCID: PMC8719758 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c08404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Development of bioinspired nanomachines with an efficient propulsion and cargo-towing has attracted much attention in the last years due to their potential biosensing, diagnostics, and therapeutics applications. In this context, self-propelled synthetic nanomotors are promising carriers for intelligent and controlled release of therapeutic payloads. However, the implementation of this technology in real biomedical applications is still facing several challenges. Herein, we report the design, synthesis, and characterization of innovative multifunctional gated platinum-mesoporous silica nanomotors constituted of a propelling element (platinum nanodendrite face), a drug-loaded nanocontainer (mesoporous silica nanoparticle face), and a disulfide-containing oligo(ethylene glycol) chain (S-S-PEG) as a gating system. These Janus-type nanomotors present an ultrafast self-propelled motion due to the catalytic decomposition of low concentrations of hydrogen peroxide. Likewise, nanomotors exhibit a directional movement, which drives the engines toward biological targets, THP-1 cancer cells, as demonstrated using a microchip device that mimics penetration from capillary to postcapillary vessels. This fast and directional displacement facilitates the rapid cellular internalization and the on-demand specific release of a cytotoxic drug into the cytosol, due to the reduction of the disulfide bonds of the capping ensemble by intracellular glutathione levels. In the microchip device and in the absence of fuel, nanomotors are neither able to move directionally nor reach cancer cells and deliver their cargo, revealing that the fuel is required to get into inaccessible areas and to enhance nanoparticle internalization and drug release. Our proposed nanosystem shows many of the suitable characteristics for ideal biomedical destined nanomotors, such as rapid autonomous motion, versatility, and stimuli-responsive controlled drug release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Díez
- Instituto
Interuniversitario de Investigacio′n de Reconocimiento Molecular
y Desarrollo Tecnolo′gico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica
de València, Universitat de València,
Spain, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 València, Spain
- Unidad
Mixta UPV-CIPF de Investigacio′n en Mecanismos de Enfermedades
y Nanomedicina, Valencia, Universitat Politècnica
de València, Centro
de Investigacio′n Príncipe Felipe, 46012 València, Spain
- CIBER
de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Lucena-Sánchez
- Instituto
Interuniversitario de Investigacio′n de Reconocimiento Molecular
y Desarrollo Tecnolo′gico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica
de València, Universitat de València,
Spain, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 València, Spain
- Unidad
Mixta UPV-CIPF de Investigacio′n en Mecanismos de Enfermedades
y Nanomedicina, Valencia, Universitat Politècnica
de València, Centro
de Investigacio′n Príncipe Felipe, 46012 València, Spain
- CIBER
de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea Escudero
- Instituto
Interuniversitario de Investigacio′n de Reconocimiento Molecular
y Desarrollo Tecnolo′gico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica
de València, Universitat de València,
Spain, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 València, Spain
- Unidad
Mixta UPV-CIPF de Investigacio′n en Mecanismos de Enfermedades
y Nanomedicina, Valencia, Universitat Politècnica
de València, Centro
de Investigacio′n Príncipe Felipe, 46012 València, Spain
- CIBER
de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antoni Llopis-Lorente
- Instituto
Interuniversitario de Investigacio′n de Reconocimiento Molecular
y Desarrollo Tecnolo′gico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica
de València, Universitat de València,
Spain, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 València, Spain
- Unidad
Mixta UPV-CIPF de Investigacio′n en Mecanismos de Enfermedades
y Nanomedicina, Valencia, Universitat Politècnica
de València, Centro
de Investigacio′n Príncipe Felipe, 46012 València, Spain
- CIBER
de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Reynaldo Villalonga
- Nanosensors
& Nanomachines Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty
of Chemistry, Complutense University of
Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramón Martínez-Máñez
- Instituto
Interuniversitario de Investigacio′n de Reconocimiento Molecular
y Desarrollo Tecnolo′gico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica
de València, Universitat de València,
Spain, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 València, Spain
- Unidad
Mixta UPV-CIPF de Investigacio′n en Mecanismos de Enfermedades
y Nanomedicina, Valencia, Universitat Politècnica
de València, Centro
de Investigacio′n Príncipe Felipe, 46012 València, Spain
- Unidad
Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores, Universitat Politècnica de València,
Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, 46026 València, Spain
- CIBER
de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- E-mail:
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pH-Dependent Molecular Gate Mesoporous Microparticles for Biological Control of Giardia intestinalis. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13010094. [PMID: 33451061 PMCID: PMC7828499 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13010094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Giardiasis is a parasitism produced by the protozoa Giardia intestinalis that lives as trophozoite in the small intestine (mainly in the duodenum) attached to the intestinal villus by means of billed discs. The first line treatment is metronidazole, a drug with high bioavailability, which is why to obtain therapeutic concentrations in duodenum, it is necessary to administer high doses of drug to patients with the consequent occurrence of side effects. It is necessary to developed new therapeutical approaches to achieve a local delivery of the drug. In this sense, we have developed gated mesoporous silica microparticles loaded with metronidazole and with a molecular gate pH dependent. In vitro assays demonstrated that the metronidazole release is practically insignificant at acidic pHs, but in duodenum conditions, the metronidazole delivery from the microparticles is effective enough to produce an important parasite destruction. In vivo assays indicate that this microparticulate system allows to increase the concentration of the drug in duodenum and reduce the concentration in plasma avoiding systemic effects. This system could be useful for other intestinal local treatments in order to reduce doses and increase drug availability in target tissues.
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Fichera L, Li-Destri G, Tuccitto N. Nanoparticles as suitable messengers for molecular communication. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:22386-22397. [PMID: 33150913 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr06999j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Molecular communication (MoCo) is a new paradigm of bio-inspired communication in which the transport of information occurs through information particles instead of electromagnetic waves. Herein, the enormous potential of nanoparticles in this field is highlighted. The MoCo concept has been extensively modelled both theoretically and computationally within the scientific community, mainly in the field of engineering. We collected the most relevant findings about the implementation of prototypal MoCo platforms by exploiting nanoparticles as informative nanomessengers and herein the theoretical and computational modelling used to design MoCo systems is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Fichera
- Laboratory for Molecular Surfaces and Nanotechnology-CSGI, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
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