1
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Neralkar M, Xu B, Horiya S, Krauss IJ. Large-Scale Synthesis of Man 9GlcNAc 2 High-Mannose Glycan and the Effect of the Glycan Core on Multivalent Recognition by HIV Antibody 2G12. ACS Infect Dis 2022; 8:2232-2241. [PMID: 36278940 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.2c00442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Access to homogeneous high-mannose glycans in high-mg quantities is necessary for carbohydrate-based HIV vaccine development research. We have used directed evolution to design highly antigenic oligomannose clusters that are recognized in low-nM affinity by HIV antibodies. Herein we report an optimized large-scale synthesis of Man9GlcNAc2 including improved building block synthesis and a fully stereoselective 5 + 6 coupling, yielding 290 mg of glycan. We then use this glycan to study the effect of the GlcNAc2 core on the antigenicity of an evolved 2G12-binding glycopeptide, 10F2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Neralkar
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454, United States
| | - Bokai Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454, United States
| | - Satoru Horiya
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454, United States
| | - Isaac J Krauss
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454, United States
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2
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Li T, Peng P, Huang X. Sulfated Glycoprotein Synthesis. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2530:1-17. [PMID: 35761038 PMCID: PMC9721108 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2489-0_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chemical protein synthesis has achieved tremendous progress in the past decades. With the development of chemical ligation as powerful tools, the scope of synthetic protein is greatly expanded. Proteoglycans are a class of sulfated glycoproteins widely distributed on the cell surface and in the extracellular matrix, which are extensively engaged in cellular communication events. Consisting of protein backbone and glycosaminoglycan(s) side chain, proteoglycans are highly complex and heterogeneous in nature. Chemical synthesis provides facile and reliable approach to these molecules, with defined glycan structure and sulfation pattern. One remaining problem is that the acid-labile sulfates could hardly survive during the typical solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) process. In this chapter, strategic design of a "glycopeptide cassette" for the preparation of sulfated glycoprotein is described. In particular, we provide protocols for the chemical synthesis of ectodomain fragment (23-120) of sulfated glycoprotein syndecan-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianlu Li
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
| | - Peng Peng
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xuefei Huang
- Departments of Chemistry and Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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3
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Shivatare SS, Rachel Cheng TJ, Cheng YY, Shivatare VS, Tsai TI, Chuang HY, Wu CY, Wong CH. Immunogenicity Evaluation of N-Glycans Recognized by HIV Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies. ACS Chem Biol 2021; 16:2016-2025. [PMID: 34649433 PMCID: PMC8526942 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.1c00375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
While the improved treatment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection is available, the development of an effective and safe prophylactic vaccine against HIV-1 is still an unrealized goal. Encouragingly, the discovery of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) from HIV-1 positive patients that are capable of neutralizing a broad spectrum of HIV-1 isolates of various clades has accelerated the progress of vaccine development in the past few years. Some of these bNAbs recognize the N-glycans on the viral surface gp120 glycoprotein. We have been interested in using the glycan epitopes recognized by bNAbs for the development of vaccines to elicit bNAb-like antibodies with broadly neutralizing activities. Toward this goal, we have identified novel hybrid-type structures with subnanomolar avidity toward several bNAbs including PG16, PGT121, PGT128-3C, 2G12, VRC13, VRC-PG05, VRC26.25, VRC26.09, PGDM1400, 35O22, and 10-1074. Here, we report the immunogenicity evaluation of a novel hybrid glycan conjugated to carrier DTCRM197, a nontoxic mutant of the diphtheria toxin, for immunization in mice. Our results indicated that the IgG response was mainly against the chitobiose motif with nonspecific binding to a panel of N-glycans with reducing end GlcNAc-GlcNAc (chitobiose) printed on the glass slides. However, the IgM response was mainly toward the reducing end GlcNAc moiety. We further used the glycoconjugates of Man3GlcNAc2, Man5GlcNAc2, and Man9GlcNAc2 glycans for immunization, and a similar specificity pattern was observed. These findings suggest that the immunogenicity of chitobiose may interfere with the outcome of N-glycan-based vaccines, and modification may be necessary to increase the immunogenicity of the entire N-glycan epitope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin S. Shivatare
- The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Ting-Jen Rachel Cheng
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Yu Cheng
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Vidya S. Shivatare
- The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Tsung-I Tsai
- The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Hong-Yang Chuang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yi Wu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Huey Wong
- The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Taipei 115, Taiwan
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4
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Zeng C, Sun B, Cao X, Zhu H, Oluwadahunsi OM, Liu D, Zhu H, Zhang J, Zhang Q, Zhang G, Gibbons CA, Liu Y, Zhou J, Wang PG. Chemical Synthesis of Homogeneous Human E-Cadherin N-Linked Glycopeptides: Stereoselective Convergent Glycosylation and Chemoselective Solid-Phase Aspartylation. Org Lett 2020; 22:8349-8353. [PMID: 33045166 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We report herein an efficient chemical synthesis of homogeneous human E-cadherin N-linked glycopeptides consisting of a heptapeptide sequence adjacent to the Asn-633 N-glycosylation site with representative N-glycan structures, including a conserved trisaccharide, a core-fucosylated tetrasaccharide, and a complex-type biantennary octasaccharide. The key steps are a chemoselective on-resin aspartylation using a pseudoproline-containing peptide and stereoselective glycosylation using glycosyl fluororide as a donor. This synthetic strategy demonstrates potential utility in accessing a wide range of homogeneous N-linked glycopeptides for the examination of their biological function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zeng
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bin Sun
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xuefeng Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Hailiang Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | | | - Ding Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - He Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Jiabin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Gaolan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | | | - Yunpeng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States.,R&D Headquarters, WuXi AppTec, Shanghai 200131, China
| | - Peng George Wang
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
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5
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Bastida I, Fernández-Tejada A. Synthetic carbohydrate-based HIV-1 vaccines. DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY. TECHNOLOGIES 2020; 35-36:45-56. [PMID: 33388127 DOI: 10.1016/j.ddtec.2020.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
An effective prophylactic HIV-1 vaccine is essential in order to contain the HIV/AIDS global pandemic. The discovery of different broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) in the last decades has enabled the characterization of several minimal epitopes on the HIV envelope (Env) spike, including glycan-dependent fragments. Herein, we provide a brief overview of the progress made on the development of synthetic carbohydrate-based epitope mimics for the elicitation of bnAbs directed to certain regions on Env gp120 protein: the outer domain high-mannose cluster and the variable loops V1V2 and V3. We focus on the design, synthesis and biological evaluation of minimal immunogens and discuss key aspects towards the development of a successful protective vaccine against HIV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iñaki Bastida
- Chemical Immunology Lab, CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 801A, 48169 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Alberto Fernández-Tejada
- Chemical Immunology Lab, CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 801A, 48169 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain; Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, María Díaz de Haro 13, 48013 Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain.
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6
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Lin JD, Liu X. Recent Development in Ligation Methods for Glycopeptide and Glycoprotein Synthesis. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:2548-2557. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Desmond Lin
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Xue‐Wei Liu
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore
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7
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Zhou J, Lv S, Zhang D, Xia F, Hu W. Deactivating Influence of 3-O-Glycosyl Substituent on Anomeric Reactivity of Thiomannoside Observed in Oligomannoside Synthesis. J Org Chem 2017; 82:2599-2621. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b03017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhou
- Shanghai Engineering Research
Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Siying Lv
- Shanghai Engineering Research
Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research
Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Fei Xia
- Shanghai Engineering Research
Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Wenhao Hu
- Shanghai Engineering Research
Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
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8
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Cattaneo V, Oldrini D, Corrado A, Berti F, Adamo R. Orthogonal cleavage of the 2-naphthylmethyl group in the presence of the p-methoxy phenyl-protected anomeric position and its use in carbohydrate synthesis. Org Chem Front 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6qo00144k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Orthogonal removal of naphthylmethyl (NAP) and anomeric O-p-methoxyphenyl (PMP) ethers using 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone and cerium(iv) ammonium nitrate, respectively, is described.
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9
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Mallick A, Mallikharjunarao Y, Rajasekaran P, Roy R, Vankar YD. AuIII-Halide/Phenylacetylene-Catalysed Glycosylations Using 1-O-Acetylfuranoses and Pyranose 1,2-Orthoesters as Glycosyl Donors. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201501245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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10
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Kurogi T, Okaya S, Fujiwara H, Okano K, Tokuyama H. Total Synthesis of (+)-MPC1001B. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 55:283-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201507830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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11
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Kurogi T, Okaya S, Fujiwara H, Okano K, Tokuyama H. Total Synthesis of (+)-MPC1001B. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201507830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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12
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Kim H, Siu KH, Raeeszadeh-Sarmazdeh M, Sun Q, Chen Q, Chen W. Bioengineering strategies to generate artificial protein complexes. Biotechnol Bioeng 2015; 112:1495-505. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.25637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Heejae Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; University of Delaware; Newark Delaware 19716
| | - Ka-Hei Siu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; University of Delaware; Newark Delaware 19716
| | | | - Qing Sun
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; University of Delaware; Newark Delaware 19716
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; University of Delaware; Newark Delaware 19716
| | - Wilfred Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; University of Delaware; Newark Delaware 19716
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13
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Abstract
Despite three decades of intensive research efforts, the development of an effective prophylactic vaccine against HIV remains an unrealized goal in the global campaign to contain the HIV/AIDS pandemic. Recent characterization of novel epitopes for inducing broadly neutralizing antibodies has fueled research in the design and synthesis of new, well-defined antigenic constructs for the development of HIV envelope-directed vaccines. The present review will cover previous and recent efforts toward the design of synthetic vaccines based on the HIV viral envelope glycoproteins, with special emphasis on examples from our own laboratories. The biological evaluation of some of the most representative vaccine candidates, in terms of their antigenicity and immunogenicity, will also be discussed to illustrate the current state-of-the-art toward the development of fully synthetic HIV vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Fernández-Tejada
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Sloan Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, NY 10065, USA
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14
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Stanfield RL, De Castro C, Marzaioli AM, Wilson IA, Pantophlet R. Crystal structure of the HIV neutralizing antibody 2G12 in complex with a bacterial oligosaccharide analog of mammalian oligomannose. Glycobiology 2014; 25:412-9. [PMID: 25380763 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwu123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) is a major public health threat that continues to infect millions of people worldwide each year. A prophylactic vaccine remains the most cost-effective way of globally reducing and eliminating the spread of the virus. The HIV envelope spike, which is the target of many vaccine design efforts, is densely mantled with carbohydrate and several potent broadly neutralizing antibodies to HIV-1 recognize carbohydrate on the envelope spike as a major part of their epitope. However, immunizing with recombinant forms of the envelope glycoprotein does not typically elicit anti-carbohydrate antibodies. Thus, studies of alternative antigens that may serve as a starting point for carbohydrate-based immunogens are of interest. Here, we present the crystal structure of one such anti-carbohydrate HIV neutralizing antibody (2G12) in complex with the carbohydrate backbone of the lipooligosaccharide from Rhizobium radiobacter strain Rv3, which exhibits a chemical structure that naturally mimics the core high-mannose carbohydrate epitope of 2G12 on HIV-1 gp120. The structure described here provides molecular evidence of the structural homology between the Rv3 oligosaccharide and highly abundant carbohydrates on the surface of HIV-1 and raises the potential for the design of novel glycoconjugates that may find utility in efforts to develop immunogens for eliciting carbohydrate-specific neutralizing antibodies to HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robyn L Stanfield
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, Scripps CHAVI-ID, and IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Cristina De Castro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Alberto M Marzaioli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Ian A Wilson
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, Scripps CHAVI-ID, and IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ralph Pantophlet
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
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15
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Abstract
The heavy glycosylation of HIV envelope constitutes a strong defense mechanism for the virus to evade host immune response, which accounts for a major barrier for HIV vaccine development. Nevertheless, the identification of a number of glycan-dependent broadly HIV-neutralizing antibodies from HIV-infected individuals, including 2G12, PG9, PG16, PGT121-123, PGT125-128, and PGT135, strongly suggests that the defensive viral 'glycan shield' can be important targets of vaccines. The novel glycan recognition mode exhibited by these antibodies provides new templates for immunogen design. This review highlights recent work on the characterization of the glycan-dependent epitopes of these neutralizing antibodies and recent advances in the synthesis of the relevant carbohydrate antigens for HIV vaccine design.
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16
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Shivatare SS, Chang SH, Tsai TI, Ren CT, Chuang HY, Hsu L, Lin CW, Li ST, Wu CY, Wong CH. Efficient convergent synthesis of bi-, tri-, and tetra-antennary complex type N-glycans and their HIV-1 antigenicity. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:15382-91. [PMID: 24032650 DOI: 10.1021/ja409097c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The structural diversity of glycoproteins often comes from post-translational glycosylation with heterogeneous N-glycans. Understanding the complexity of glycans related to various biochemical processes demands a well-defined synthetic sugar library. We report herein a unified convergent strategy for the rapid production of bi-, tri-, and tetra-antennary complex type N-glycans with and without terminal N-acetylneuraminic acid residues connected via the α-2,6 or α-2,3 linkages. Moreover, using sialyltransferases to install sialic acid can minimize synthetic steps through the use of shared intermediates to simplify the complicated procedures associated with conventional sialic acid chemistry. Furthermore, these synthetic complex oligosaccharides were compiled to create a glycan array for the profiling of HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibodies PG9 and PG16 that were isolated from HIV infected donors. From the study of antibody PG16, we identified potential natural and unnatural glycan ligands, which may facilitate the design of carbohydrate-based immunogens and hasten the HIV vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin S Shivatare
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica , 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
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17
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Aussedat B, Vohra Y, Park PK, Fernández-Tejada A, Alam SM, Dennison SM, Jaeger FH, Anasti K, Stewart S, Blinn JH, Liao HX, Sodroski JG, Haynes BF, Danishefsky SJ. Chemical synthesis of highly congested gp120 V1V2 N-glycopeptide antigens for potential HIV-1-directed vaccines. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:13113-20. [PMID: 23915436 DOI: 10.1021/ja405990z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Critical to the search for an effective HIV-1 vaccine is the development of immunogens capable of inducing broadly neutralizing antibodies (BnAbs). A key first step in this process is to design immunogens that can be recognized by known BnAbs. The monoclonal antibody PG9 is a BnAb that neutralizes diverse strains of HIV-1 by targeting a conserved carbohydrate-protein epitope in the variable 1 and 2 (V1V2) region of the viral envelope. Important for recognition are two closely spaced N-glycans at Asn(160) and Asn(156). Glycopeptides containing this synthetically challenging bis-N-glycosylated motif were prepared by convergent assembly, and were shown to be antigenic for PG9. Synthetic glycopeptides such as these may be useful for the development of HIV-1 vaccines based on the envelope V1V2 BnAb epitope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baptiste Aussedat
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
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18
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Liang XY, Liu QW, Bin HC, Yang JS. One-pot synthesis of branched oligosaccharides by use of galacto- and mannopyranosyl thioglycoside diols as key glycosylating agents. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:3903-17. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob40421h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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19
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Liang CF, Kuan TC, Chang TC, Lin CC. Stereoselective Synthesis of S-Linked α(2→8) and α(2→8)/α(2→9) Hexasialic Acids. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:16074-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja307797x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Fu Liang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Section 2, Kuang Fu Road, Hsinchu
30013, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Chun Kuan
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Section 2, Kuang Fu Road, Hsinchu
30013, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Che Chang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Section 2, Kuang Fu Road, Hsinchu
30013, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Cheng Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Section 2, Kuang Fu Road, Hsinchu
30013, Taiwan
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20
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Adamo R, Romano MR, Berti F, Leuzzi R, Tontini M, Danieli E, Cappelletti E, Cakici OS, Swennen E, Pinto V, Brogioni B, Proietti D, Galeotti CL, Lay L, Monteiro MA, Scarselli M, Costantino P. Phosphorylation of the synthetic hexasaccharide repeating unit is essential for the induction of antibodies to Clostridium difficile PSII cell wall polysaccharide. ACS Chem Biol 2012; 7:1420-8. [PMID: 22620974 DOI: 10.1021/cb300221f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Clostridium difficile is emerging worldwide as a major cause of nosocomial infections. The negatively charged PSII polysaccharide has been found in different strains of C. difficile and, thereby, represents an important target molecule for a possible carbohydrate-based vaccine. In order to identify a synthetic fragment that after conjugation to a protein carrier could be able to induce anti-PSII antibodies, we exploited a combination of chemical synthesis with immunochemistry, confocal immunofluorescence microscopy, and solid state NMR. We demonstrate that the phosphate group is crucial in synthetic glycans to mimic the native PSII polysaccharide; both native PSII and a phosphorylated synthetic hexasaccharide repeating unit conjugated to CRM(197) elicit comparable immunogenic responses in mice. This finding can aid design and selection of carbohydrate antigens to be explored as vaccine candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Adamo
- Research Center, Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Via Fiorentina 1,
53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Maria R. Romano
- Research Center, Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Via Fiorentina 1,
53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Francesco Berti
- Research Center, Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Via Fiorentina 1,
53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Rosanna Leuzzi
- Research Center, Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Via Fiorentina 1,
53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Marta Tontini
- Research Center, Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Via Fiorentina 1,
53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Elisa Danieli
- Research Center, Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Via Fiorentina 1,
53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Emilia Cappelletti
- Research Center, Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Via Fiorentina 1,
53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Osman S. Cakici
- Research Center, Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Via Fiorentina 1,
53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Erwin Swennen
- Research Center, Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Via Fiorentina 1,
53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Vittoria Pinto
- Research Center, Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Via Fiorentina 1,
53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Barbara Brogioni
- Research Center, Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Via Fiorentina 1,
53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Daniela Proietti
- Research Center, Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Via Fiorentina 1,
53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Cesira L. Galeotti
- Research Center, Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Via Fiorentina 1,
53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Luigi Lay
- Department
of Organic and Industrial
Chemistry, University of Milan, Via G.
Venezian 21, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Mario A. Monteiro
- Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON,
Canada N1G 2W1
| | - Maria Scarselli
- Research Center, Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Via Fiorentina 1,
53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Paolo Costantino
- Research Center, Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Via Fiorentina 1,
53100 Siena, Italy
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21
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Kong L, Julien JP, Calarese D, Scanlan C, Lee HK, Rudd P, Wong CH, Dwek RA, Burton DR, Wilson IA. Toward a Carbohydrate-Based HIV-1 Vaccine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-2012-1102.ch007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Leopold Kong
- Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037
- The Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jean-Philippe Julien
- Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037
- The Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Calarese
- Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037
- The Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Scanlan
- Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037
- The Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Hing-Ken Lee
- Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037
- The Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Pauline Rudd
- Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037
- The Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Chi-Huey Wong
- Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037
- The Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Raymond A. Dwek
- Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037
- The Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Dennis R. Burton
- Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037
- The Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ian A. Wilson
- Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037
- The Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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22
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Carbohydrate synthesis and biosynthesis technologies for cracking of the glycan code: recent advances. Biotechnol Adv 2012; 31:17-37. [PMID: 22484115 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2012.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2011] [Revised: 03/06/2012] [Accepted: 03/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The glycan code of glycoproteins can be conceptually defined at molecular level by the sequence of well characterized glycans attached to evolutionarily predetermined amino acids along the polypeptide chain. Functional consequences of protein glycosylation are numerous, and include a hierarchy of properties from general physicochemical characteristics such as solubility, stability and protection of the polypeptide from the environment up to specific glycan interactions. Definition of the glycan code for glycoproteins has been so far hampered by the lack of chemically defined glycoprotein glycoforms that proved to be extremely difficult to purify from natural sources, and the total chemical synthesis of which has been hitherto possible only for very small molecular species. This review summarizes the recent progress in chemical and chemoenzymatic synthesis of complex glycans and their protein conjugates. Progress in our understanding of the ways in which a particular glycoprotein glycoform gives rise to a unique set of functional properties is now having far reaching implications for the biotechnology of important glycodrugs such as therapeutical monoclonal antibodies, glycoprotein hormones, carbohydrate conjugates used for vaccination and other practically important protein-carbohydrate conjugates.
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Cendret V, François-Heude M, Méndez-Ardoy A, Moreau V, Fernández JMG, Djedaïni-Pilard F. Design and synthesis of a "click" high-mannose oligosaccharide mimic emulating Man8 binding affinity towards Con A. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:3733-5. [PMID: 22399071 DOI: 10.1039/c2cc30773a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A dendritic "click" mannooligomer mimicking the high-mannose oligosaccharide Man(8) has been designed by replacing some of the inner mannopyranosyl subunits with triazole moieties; evaluation of its binding affinity towards the mannose-specific lectin concanavalin A revealed striking similarities between the "click" mimic and the natural Man(8).
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Cendret
- Laboratoire des Glucides FRE-CNRS 3517, Institut de Chimie de Picardie, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 33 Rue Saint-Leu, 80039 Amiens Cedex 1, France
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24
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Kalmár L, Ágoston K, Szurmai Z, Döncző B, Kerékgyártó J. Synthesis of FullyO-BenzylatedN-Linked Core Pentasaccharide Glycosyl Azide. J Carbohydr Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/07328303.2011.642433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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25
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Hsu CH, Hung SC, Wu CY, Wong CH. Toward automated oligosaccharide synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:11872-923. [PMID: 22127846 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201100125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrates have been shown to play important roles in biological processes. The pace of development in carbohydrate research is, however, relatively slow due to the problems associated with the complexity of carbohydrate structures and the lack of general synthetic methods and tools available for the study of this class of biomolecules. Recent advances in synthesis have demonstrated that many of these problems can be circumvented. In this Review, we describe the methods developed to tackle the problems of carbohydrate-mediated biological processes, with particular focus on the issue related to the development of the automated synthesis of oligosaccharides. Further applications of carbohydrate microarrays and vaccines to human diseases are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che-Hsiung Hsu
- The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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26
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Hsu CH, Hung SC, Wu CY, Wong CH. Auf dem Weg zur automatisierten Oligosaccharid- Synthese. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201100125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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27
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M Schmaltz
- The Department of Chemistry and Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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Experimental observations on the regioselectivity of glycosylation of a 4,6-diol system in the β-d-mannopyranosyl unit of a N-glycan pentasaccharide core structure. Carbohydr Res 2011; 346:1581-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2011.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2011] [Revised: 05/05/2011] [Accepted: 05/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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30
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Chen R, Tolbert TJ. On-resin convergent synthesis of a glycopeptide from HIV gp120 containing a high mannose type N-linked oligosaccharide. METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (CLIFTON, N.J.) 2011; 751:343-55. [PMID: 21674342 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-61779-151-2_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This chapter describes a rapid and efficient approach for the solid-phase synthesis of N-linked glycopeptides that utilizes on-resin glycosylamine coupling to produce N-linked glycosylation sites. In this method, the full-length nonglycosylated peptide is first synthesized on a solid-phase support using standard Fmoc chemistry. The glycosylation site is then introduced through an orthogonally protected 2-phenylisopropyl (PhiPr) aspartic acid (Asp) residue. After selective deprotection of the Asp residue, a high mannose type oligosaccharide glycosylamine is coupled on-resin to the free Asp side chain to form a N-glycosidic bond. Subsequent protecting group removal and peptide cleavage from the resin ultimately yields the desired glycopeptide. This strategy provides an effective route for conducting glycosylation reactions on a solid-phase support, simplifies the process of glycopeptide purification relative to solution-phase glycopeptide synthesis strategies, and enables the recovery of potentially valuable, un-reacted oligosaccharides. This approach has been applied to the solid-phase synthesis of the N-linked high mannose glycosylated form of peptide T (ASTTTNYT), a fragment of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120.
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31
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Lu Z, Ding N, Zhang W, Wang P, Li Y. A convenient synthesis of the core trisaccharide of the N-glycans. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.04.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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32
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Liu Y, Chan YM, Wu J, Chen C, Benesi A, Hu J, Wang Y, Chen G. Chemical synthesis of a bisphosphorylated mannose-6-phosphate N-glycan and its facile monoconjugation with human carbonic anhydrase II for in vivo fluorescence imaging. Chembiochem 2011; 12:685-90. [PMID: 21404409 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201000785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, 104 Chemistry Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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33
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Enríquez-Navas PM, Marradi M, Padro D, Angulo J, Penadés S. A solution NMR study of the interactions of oligomannosides and the anti-HIV-1 2G12 antibody reveals distinct binding modes for branched ligands. Chemistry 2011; 17:1547-60. [PMID: 21268157 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201002519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2010] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The structural and affinity details of the interactions of synthetic oligomannosides, linear (di-, tri-, and tetra-) and branched (penta- and hepta-), with the broadly neutralizing anti-HIV-1 antibody 2G12 (HIV=human immunodeficiency virus) have been investigated in solution by using ligand-based NMR techniques, specifically saturation transfer difference (STD) NMR spectroscopy and transferred NOE experiments. Linear oligomannosides show similar binding modes to the antibody, with the nonreducing terminal disaccharide Manα(1→2)Man (Man=mannose) making the closest protein/ligand contacts in the bound state. In contrast, the branched pentamannoside shows two alternate binding modes, involving both ligand arms (D2- and D3-like), a dual binding description of the molecular recognition of this ligand by 2G12 in solution that differs from the single binding mode deduced from X-ray studies. On the contrary, the antibody shows an unexpected selectivity for one arm (D1-like) of the other branched ligand (heptamannoside). This result explains the previously reported lack of affinity enhancement relative to that of the D1-like tetramannoside. Single-ligand STD NMR titration experiments revealed noticeable differences in binding affinities among the linear and branched ligands in solution, with the latter showing decreased affinity. Among the analyzed series of ligands, the strongest 2G12 binders were the linear tri- and tetramannosides because both show similar affinity for the antibody. These results demonstrate that NMR spectroscopic techniques can deliver abundant structural, dynamics, and affinity information for the characterization of oligomannose-2G12 binding in solution, thus complementing, and, as in the case of the pentamannoside, extending, the structural view from X-ray crystallography. This information is of key importance for the development of multivalent synthetic gp120 high-mannose glycoconjugate mimics in the context of vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro M Enríquez-Navas
- Laboratory of GlycoNanotechnology, Biofunctional Nanomaterial Unit, CIC biomaGUNE, Parque Tecnológico, Paseo de Miramón 182, 20009 San Sebastián, Spain
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Danieli E, Lay L, Proietti D, Berti F, Costantino P, Adamo R. First synthesis of C. difficile PS-II cell wall polysaccharide repeating unit. Org Lett 2010; 13:378-81. [PMID: 21190352 DOI: 10.1021/ol1026188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Clostridium difficile is the most commonly diagnosed cause of nosocomial diarrhea with increasing incidence and mortality among elderly and hospitalized patients. We report the first synthesis of the surface polysaccharide PS-II repeating unit and its nonphosphorylated analogue, with a linker for conjugation, via a (4 + 2) convergent approach from a common AB(D)C tetrasaccharide intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Danieli
- Novartis Vaccines & Diagnostics, Vaccine Chemistry Department, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
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35
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Serna S, Etxebarria J, Ruiz N, Martin-Lomas M, Reichardt NC. Construction ofN-Glycan Microarrays by Using Modular Synthesis and On-Chip Nanoscale Enzymatic Glycosylation. Chemistry 2010; 16:13163-75. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201001295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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36
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Eller S, Weishaupt M, Seeberger PH. Solution- and solid-phase synthesis of oligosaccharides. CARBOHYDRATE CHEMISTRY 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/9781849730891-00127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Eller
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Am Mühlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam Germany
- Freie Universität Berlin Arnimallee 22 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Markus Weishaupt
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Am Mühlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam Germany
- Freie Universität Berlin Arnimallee 22 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Peter H. Seeberger
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Am Mühlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam Germany
- Freie Universität Berlin Arnimallee 22 14195 Berlin Germany
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37
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Pastore A, Adinolfi M, Iadonisi A, Valerio S. Rapid assembly of gp120 oligosaccharide moieties via one-pot glycosidation–deprotection sequences. Carbohydr Res 2010; 345:1316-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2010.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2010] [Revised: 02/17/2010] [Accepted: 02/25/2010] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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38
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Chen R, Tolbert TJ. Study of on-resin convergent synthesis of N-linked glycopeptides containing a large high mannose N-linked oligosaccharide. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:3211-6. [PMID: 20158247 DOI: 10.1021/ja9104073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Here we present a convergent on-resin glycosylamine coupling strategy for solid phase N-linked glycopeptide synthesis, and apply it to the synthesis of high mannose containing glycopeptides. In this strategy, the 2-phenylisopropyl protecting group is used as an orthogonal handle to create glycosylation sites on-resin after synthesis of nonglycosylated peptides. In addition to allowing selective deprotection of aspartic acid residues for creation of glycosylation sites, the 2-phenylisopropyl protecting group also efficiently suppresses aspartimide formation during peptide synthesis. The key step of on-resin glycosylamine coupling to an aspartic acid residue was first optimized for a small sugar, N-acetylglucosamine, and then applied to a much larger high mannose oligosaccharide, Man(8)GlcNAc(2). Satisfying coupling yields were obtained for both small and large sugars. The use of on-resin glycosylamine coupling simplifies purification of N-linked glycopeptides, and also allows convenient recovery of unreacted valuable large oligosaccharides. This approach was applied to the solid phase synthesis of glycosylated forms of the 34 amino acid HIV-1 gp41 C34 glycopeptide, which is an HIV-1 entry inhibitor. The HIV-1 entry inhibition assay of synthesized glycopeptides showed the retention of bioactivity of high mannose Man(8)GlcNAc(2)-C34.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
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39
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40
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Pastore A, Adinolfi M, Iadonisi A, Valerio S. One-Pot Catalytic Glycosidation/Fmoc Removal - An Iterable Sequence for Straightforward Assembly of Oligosaccharides Related to HIV gp120. European J Org Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200901122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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41
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Abstract
In this account, we describe the results of a research program directed to the proposition that chemical synthesis can play a valuable role in identifying biologic level molecules worthy of pharma level development. We recount our journey towards the chemical synthesis of homogeneous erythropoietin, the challenges we encountered, and our efforts to address deficiencies in the current "state of the art" of glycopeptide synthesis. Here we describe new methods for the synthesis of glycopeptides that have emerged from the erythropoietin adventure, including the development of unique C-terminal acyl donors, novel amide bond forming methods, and new ligation and coupling strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Kan
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
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42
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Recent advances in carbohydrate-based vaccines. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2009; 13:354-9. [PMID: 19560394 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2009.05.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2009] [Revised: 05/18/2009] [Accepted: 05/23/2009] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Vaccinations provide an efficient and cost-effective way to combat devastating human diseases. Besides pathogenic protein markers, cell surface carbohydrates from biological sources are widely used as vaccines. Recently, synthetic immunogenic carbohydrate-protein conjugates have been advanced to vaccine candidates. Progress in the chemical synthesis of oligosaccharides and conjugation methods stimulated the development of novel carbohydrate-based vaccine candidates.
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43
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Serna S, Kardak B, Reichardt NC, Martin-Lomas M. Synthesis of a core trisaccharide building block for the assembly of N-glycan neoconjugates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2009.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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44
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Nagorny P, Fasching B, Li X, Chen G, Aussedat B, Danishefsky SJ. Toward fully synthetic homogeneous beta-human follicle-stimulating hormone (beta-hFSH) with a biantennary N-linked dodecasaccharide. synthesis of beta-hFSH with chitobiose units at the natural linkage sites. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:5792-9. [PMID: 19341309 PMCID: PMC2756579 DOI: 10.1021/ja809554x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A highly convergent synthesis of the sialic acid-rich biantennary N-linked glycan found in human glycoprotein hormones and its use in the synthesis of a fragment derived from the beta-domain of human Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (hFSH) are described. The synthesis highlights the use of the Sinay radical glycosidation protocol for the simultaneous installation of both biantennary side-chains of the dodecasaccharide as well as the use of glycal chemistry to construct the tetrasaccharide core in an efficient manner. The synthetic glycan was used to prepare the glycosylated 20-27aa domain of the beta-subunit of hFSH under a Lansbury aspartylation protocol. The proposed strategy for incorporating the prepared N-linked dodecasaccharide-containing 20-27aa domain into beta-hFSH subunit was validated in the context of a model system, providing protected beta-hFSH subunit functionalized with chitobiose at positions 7 and 24.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Nagorny
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065
| | - Bernhard Fasching
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065
| | - Xuechen Li
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065
| | - Gong Chen
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065
| | - Baptiste Aussedat
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065
| | - Samuel J. Danishefsky
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, Havemeyer Hall, 3000 Broadway, New York, New York 10027
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45
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Liang CF, Yan MC, Chang TC, Lin CC. Synthesis of S-Linked α(2→9) Octasialic Acid via Exclusive α S-Glycosidic Bond Formation. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:3138-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja808353m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Fu Liang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chung Yan
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Che Chang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Cheng Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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46
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Affiliation(s)
- David P Gamblin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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Homann A, Seibel J. Chemo-enzymatic synthesis and functional analysis of natural and modified glycostructures. Nat Prod Rep 2009; 26:1555-71. [DOI: 10.1039/b909990p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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An oligosaccharide-based HIV-1 2G12 mimotope vaccine induces carbohydrate-specific antibodies that fail to neutralize HIV-1 virions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2008; 105:15684-9. [PMID: 18838688 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0807837105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The conserved oligomannose epitope, Man(9)GlcNAc(2), recognized by the broadly neutralizing human mAb 2G12 is an attractive prophylactic vaccine candidate for the prevention of HIV-1 infection. We recently reported total chemical synthesis of a series of glycopeptides incorporating one to three copies of Man(9)GlcNAc(2) coupled to a cyclic peptide scaffold. Surface plasmon resonance studies showed that divalent and trivalent, but not monovalent, compounds were capable of binding 2G12. To test the efficacy of the divalent glycopeptide as an immunogen capable of inducing a 2G12-like neutralizing antibody response, we covalently coupled the molecule to a powerful immune-stimulating protein carrier and evaluated immunogenicity of the conjugate in two animal species. We used a differential immunoassay to demonstrate induction of high levels of carbohydrate-specific antibodies; however, these antibodies showed poor recognition of recombinant gp160 and failed to neutralize a panel of viral isolates in entry-based neutralization assays. To ascertain whether antibodies produced during natural infection could recognize the mimetics, we screened a panel of HIV-1-positive and -negative sera for binding to gp120 and the synthetic antigens. We present evidence from both direct and competitive binding assays that no significant recognition of the glycopeptides was observed, although certain sera did contain antibodies that could compete with 2G12 for binding to recombinant gp120.
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Niederhafner P, Reinis M, Sebestík J, Jezek J. Glycopeptide dendrimers, part III: a review. Use of glycopeptide dendrimers in immunotherapy and diagnosis of cancer and viral diseases. J Pept Sci 2008; 14:556-87. [PMID: 18275089 DOI: 10.1002/psc.1011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Glycopeptide dendrimers containing different types of tumor associated-carbohydrate antigens (T(N), TF, sialyl-T(N), sialyl-TF, sialyl-Le(x), sialyl-Le(a) etc.) were used in diagnosis and therapy of different sorts of cancer. These dendrimeric structures with incorporated T-cell epitopes and adjuvants can be used as antitumor vaccines. Best results were obtained with multiantigenic vaccines, containing, e.g. five or six different TAAs. The topic of TAAs and their dendrimeric forms at molecular level are reviewed, including structure, syntheses, and biological activities. Use of glycopeptide dendrimers as antiviral vaccines against HIV and influenza is also described. Their syntheses, physico-chemical properties, and biological activities are given with many examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Niederhafner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague 6, Czech Republic
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Wang LX. Chemoenzymatic synthesis of glycopeptides and glycoproteins through endoglycosidase-catalyzed transglycosylation. Carbohydr Res 2008; 343:1509-22. [PMID: 18405887 PMCID: PMC2519876 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2008.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2008] [Revised: 03/16/2008] [Accepted: 03/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Homogeneous glycopeptides and glycoproteins are indispensable for detailed structural and functional studies of glycoproteins. It is also fundamentally important to correct glycosylation patterns for developing effective glycoprotein-based therapeutics. This review discusses a useful chemoenzymatic method that takes advantage of the endoglycosidase-catalyzed transglycosylation to attach an intact oligosaccharide to a polypeptide in a single step, without the need for any protecting groups. The exploration of sugar oxazolines (enzymatic reaction intermediates) as donor substrates has not only expanded substrate availability, but also has significantly enhanced the enzymatic transglycosylation efficiency. Moreover, the discovery of a novel mutant with glycosynthase-like activity has made it possible to synthesize homogeneous glycoproteins with full-size natural N-glycans. Recent advances in this highly convergent chemoenzymatic approach and its application for glycopeptide and glycoprotein synthesis are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lai-Xi Wang
- Institute of Human Virology and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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