1
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van Ewijk C, Xu F, Maity S, Sheng J, Stuart MCA, Feringa BL, Roos WH. Light-Triggered Disassembly of Molecular Motor-based Supramolecular Polymers Revealed by High-Speed AFM. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319387. [PMID: 38372499 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Photoresponsive supramolecular polymers have a major potential for applications in responsive materials that are externally triggered by light with spatio-temporal control of their polymerisation state. While changes in macroscopic properties revealed the adaptive nature of these materials, it remains challenging to capture the dynamic depolymerisation process at the molecular level, which requires fast observation techniques combined with in situ irradiation. By implementing in situ UV illumination into a High-Speed Atomic Force Microscope (HS-AFM) setup, we have been able to capture the disassembly of a light-driven molecular motor-based supramolecular polymer. The real-time visualisation of the light-triggered disassembly process not only reveals cooperative depolymerisation, it also shows that this process continues after illumination is halted. Combining the data with cryo-electron microscopy and spectroscopy approaches, we obtain a molecular-level description of the motor-based polymer dynamics reminiscent of actin chain-end depolymerisation. Our detailed understanding of supramolecular depolymerisation will drive the development of future responsive polymer systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris van Ewijk
- Molecular Biophysics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The, Netherlands
| | - Fan Xu
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The, Netherlands
| | - Sourav Maity
- Molecular Biophysics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The, Netherlands
| | - Jinyu Sheng
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The, Netherlands
| | - Marc C A Stuart
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The, Netherlands
| | - Ben L Feringa
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The, Netherlands
| | - Wouter H Roos
- Molecular Biophysics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The, Netherlands
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2
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Lago-Silva M, Fernández-Míguez M, Rodríguez R, Quiñoá E, Freire F. Stimuli-responsive synthetic helical polymers. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:793-852. [PMID: 38105704 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00952a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic dynamic helical polymers (supramolecular and covalent) and foldamers share the helix as a structural motif. Although the materials are different, these systems also share many structural properties, such as helix induction or conformational communication mechanisms. The introduction of stimuli responsive building blocks or monomer repeating units in these materials triggers conformational or structural changes, due to the presence/absence of the external stimulus, which are transmitted to the helix resulting in different effects, such as assymetry amplification, helix inversion or even changes in the helical scaffold (elongation, J/H helical aggregates). In this review, we show through selected examples how different stimuli (e.g., temperature, solvents, cations, anions, redox, chiral additives, pH or light) can alter the helical structures of dynamic helical polymers (covalent and supramolecular) and foldamers acting on the conformational composition or molecular structure of their components, which is also transmitted to the macromolecular helical structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Lago-Silva
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Manuel Fernández-Míguez
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Rafael Rodríguez
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Emilio Quiñoá
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Félix Freire
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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3
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Do CD, Pál D, Belyaev A, Pupier M, Kiesilä A, Kalenius E, Galmés B, Frontera A, Poblador-Bahamonde A, Cougnon FBL. Sulfate-induced large amplitude conformational change in a Solomon link. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:13010-13013. [PMID: 37830390 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04555b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
A doubly-interlocked [2]catenane - or Solomon link - undergoes a complex conformational change upon addition of sulfate in methanol. This transformation generates a single pocket where two SO42- anions bind through multiple hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions. Despite the close proximity of the two anions, binding is highly cooperative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuong Dat Do
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Dávid Pál
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Andrey Belyaev
- Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 JYU, Finland.
| | - Marion Pupier
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Anniina Kiesilä
- Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 JYU, Finland.
| | - Elina Kalenius
- Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 JYU, Finland.
| | - Bartomeu Galmés
- Department de Química, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Carretera de Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain
| | - Antonio Frontera
- Department de Química, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Carretera de Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain
| | - Amalia Poblador-Bahamonde
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Fabien B L Cougnon
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 JYU, Finland.
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4
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Sheng J, Pooler DRS, Feringa BL. Enlightening dynamic functions in molecular systems by intrinsically chiral light-driven molecular motors. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:5875-5891. [PMID: 37581608 PMCID: PMC10464662 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00247k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Chirality is a fundamental property which plays a major role in chemistry, physics, biological systems and materials science. Chiroptical artificial molecular motors (AMMs) are a class of molecules which can convert light energy input into mechanical work, and they hold great potential in the transformation from simple molecules to dynamic systems and responsive materials. Taking distinct advantages of the intrinsic chirality in these structures and the unique opportunity to modulate the chirality on demand, chiral AMMs have been designed for the development of light-responsive dynamic processes including switchable asymmetric catalysis, chiral self-assembly, stereoselective recognition, transmission of chirality, control of spin selectivity and biosystems as well as integration of unidirectional motion with specific mechanical functions. This review focuses on the recently developed strategies for chirality-led applications by the class of intrinsically chiral AMMs. Finally, some limitations in current design and challenges associated with recent systems are discussed and perspectives towards promising candidates for responsive and smart molecular systems and future applications are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Sheng
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Daisy R S Pooler
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Ben L Feringa
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
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5
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Kuila S, Singh AK, Shrivastava A, Dey S, Singha T, Roy L, Satpati B, Nanda J. Probing Molecular Chirality on the Self-Assembly and Gelation of Naphthalimide-Conjugated Dipeptides. J Phys Chem B 2023. [PMID: 37196104 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c01273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In this work, 1,8-naphthalimide (NMI)-conjugated three hybrid dipeptides constituted of a β-amino acid and an α-amino acid have been designed, synthesized, and purified. Here, in the design, the chirality of the α-amino acid was varied to study the effect of molecular chirality on the supramolecular assembly. Self-assembly and gelation of three NMI conjugates were studied in mixed solvent systems [water and dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO)]. Interestingly, chiral NMI derivatives [NMI-βAla-lVal-OMe (NLV) and NMI-βAla-dVal-OMe (NDV)] formed self-supported gels, while the achiral NMI derivative [NMI-βAla-Aib-OMe, (NAA)] failed to form any kind of gel at 1 mM concentration and in a mixed solvent (70% water in DMSO medium). Self-assembly processes were thoroughly investigated using UV-vis spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), fluorescence, and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. A J-type molecular assembly was observed in the mixed solvent system. The CD study indicated the formation of chiral assembled structures for NLV and NDV, which were mirror images of one another, and the self-assembled state by NAA was CD-silent. The nanoscale morphology of the three derivatives was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In the case of NLV and NDV, left- and right-handed fibrilar morphologies were observed, respectively. In contrast, a flake-like morphology was noticed for NAA. The DFT study indicated that the chirality of the α-amino acid influenced the orientation of π-π stacking interactions of naphthalimide units in the self-assembled structure that in turn regulated the helicity. This is a unique work where molecular chirality controls the nanoscale assembly as well as the macroscopic self-assembled state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumen Kuila
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohanpur, Siliguri 734013, West Bengal, India
| | - Ajeet Kumar Singh
- Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai-IOC Odisha Campus Bhubaneswar, IIT Kharagpur Extension Centre, Bhubaneswar 751013, India
| | - Akash Shrivastava
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohanpur, Siliguri 734013, West Bengal, India
| | - Sukantha Dey
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohanpur, Siliguri 734013, West Bengal, India
| | - Tukai Singha
- Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700064, West Bengal, India
| | - Lisa Roy
- Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai-IOC Odisha Campus Bhubaneswar, IIT Kharagpur Extension Centre, Bhubaneswar 751013, India
| | - Biswarup Satpati
- Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700064, West Bengal, India
| | - Jayanta Nanda
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohanpur, Siliguri 734013, West Bengal, India
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6
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Morris DTJ, Clayden J. Screw sense and screw sensibility: communicating information by conformational switching in helical oligomers. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:2480-2496. [PMID: 36928473 PMCID: PMC10068589 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00982j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Biological systems have evolved a number of different strategies to communicate information on the molecular scale. Among these, the propagation of conformational change is among the most important, being the means by which G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) use extracellular signals to modulate intracellular processes, and the way that opsin proteins translate light signals into nerve impulses. The developing field of foldamer chemistry has allowed chemists to employ conformationally well-defined synthetic structures likewise to mediate information transfer, making use of mechanisms that are not found in biological contexts. In this review, we discuss the use of switchable screw-sense preference as a communication mechanism. We discuss the requirements for functional communication devices, and show how dynamic helical foldamers derived from the achiral monomers such as α-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) and meso-cyclohexane-1,2-diamine fulfil them by communicating information in the form of switchable screw-sense preference. We describe the various stimuli that can be used to switch screw sense, and explore the way that propagation of the resulting conformational preference in a well-defined helical molecule allows screw sense to control chemical events remote from a source of information. We describe the operation of these conformational switches in the membrane phase, and outline the progress that has been made towards using conformational switching to communicate between the exterior and interior of a phospholipid vesicle.
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Affiliation(s)
- David T J Morris
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK.
| | - Jonathan Clayden
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK.
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7
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Xu F, Feringa BL. Photoresponsive Supramolecular Polymers: From Light-Controlled Small Molecules to Smart Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2204413. [PMID: 36239270 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202204413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Photoresponsive supramolecular polymers are well-organized assemblies based on highly oriented and reversible noncovalent interactions containing photosensitive molecules as (co-)monomers. They have attracted increasing interest in smart materials and dynamic systems with precisely controllable functions, such as light-driven soft actuators, photoresponsive fluorescent anticounterfeiting and light-triggered electronic devices. The present review discusses light-activated molecules used in photoresponsive supramolecular polymers with their main photo-induced changes, e.g., geometry, dipole moment, and chirality. Based on these distinct changes, supramolecular polymers formed by light-activated molecules exhibit photoresponsive disassembly and reassembly. As a consequence, photo-induced supramolecular polymerization, "depolymerization," and regulation of the lengths and topologies are observed. Moreover, the light-controlled functions of supramolecular polymers, such as actuation, emission, and chirality transfer along length scales, are highlighted. Furthermore, a perspective on challenges and future opportunities is presented. Besides the challenge of moving from harmful UV light to visible/near IR light avoiding fatigue, and enabling biomedical applications, future opportunities include light-controlled supramolecular actuators with helical motion, light-modulated information transmission, optically recyclable materials, and multi-stimuli-responsive supramolecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Xu
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Ben L Feringa
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
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8
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Jin Y, Mandal PK, Wu J, Böcher N, Huc I, Otto S. (Re-)Directing Oligomerization of a Single Building Block into Two Specific Dynamic Covalent Foldamers through pH. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:2822-2829. [PMID: 36705469 PMCID: PMC9912251 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c09325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic foldamers are synthetic folded molecules which can change their conformation in response to an external stimulus and are currently at the forefront of foldamer chemistry. However, constitutionally dynamic foldamers, which can change not only their conformation but also their molecular constitution in response to their environment, are without precedent. We now report a size- and shape-switching small dynamic covalent foldamer network which responds to changes in pH. Specifically, acidic conditions direct the oligomerization of a dipeptide-based building block into a 16-subunit macrocycle with well-defined conformation and with high selectivity. At higher pH the same building block yields another cyclic foldamer with a smaller ring size (9mer). The two foldamers readily and repeatedly interconvert upon adjustment of the pH of the solution. We have previously shown that addition of a template can direct oligomerization of the same building block to yet other rings sizes (including a 12mer and a 13mer, accompanied by a minor amount of 14mer). This brings the total number of discrete foldamers that can be accessed from a single building block to five. For a single building block system to exhibit such highly diverse structure space is unique and sets this system of foldamers apart from proteins. Furthermore, the emergence of constitutional dynamicity opens up new avenues to foldamers with adaptive behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Jin
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of
Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, China,Centre
for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Pradeep K. Mandal
- Department
of Pharmacy and Center for Integrated Protein Science, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Juntian Wu
- Centre
for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Niklas Böcher
- Department
of Pharmacy and Center for Integrated Protein Science, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Ivan Huc
- Department
of Pharmacy and Center for Integrated Protein Science, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany,
| | - Sijbren Otto
- Centre
for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands,
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9
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Jiang Y, Danowski W, Feringa BL, Heinke L. Nanoporous Films with Oriented Arrays of Molecular Motors for Photoswitching the Guest Adsorption and Diffusion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202214202. [PMID: 36367076 PMCID: PMC10107543 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Molecular motors are fascinating nanomachines. However, constructing smart materials from such functional molecules presents a severe challenge in material science. Here, we present a bottom-up layer-by-layer assembly of oriented overcrowded-alkene molecular motors forming a crystalline metal-organic framework thin film. While all stator parts of the overcrowded-alkene motors are oriented perpendicular to the substrate, the rotors point into the pores, which are large enough allowing for the light-induced molecular rotation. Taking advantage of the thin film's transparency, the motor rotation and its activation energy are determined by UV/Vis spectroscopy. As shown by gravimetric uptake experiments, molecular motors in crystalline porous materials are used, for the first time, to control the adsorption and diffusion properties of guest molecules in the pores, here, by switching with light between the (meta-)stable states. The work demonstrates the potential of designed materials with molecular motors and indicates a path for the future development of smart materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhe Jiang
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Wojciech Danowski
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, 9747, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, AG, The Netherlands.,University of Strasbourg CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Ben L Feringa
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, 9747, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, AG, The Netherlands
| | - Lars Heinke
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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10
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Spatiotemporal segregation of chiral supramolecular polymers. Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2022.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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11
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Shi Z, Wang Q, Yi J, Zhao C, Chen S, Tian H, Qu D. Encoding Supramolecular Chiral Self‐Assembly with Photo‐Controlled Circularly Polarized Luminescence by Overcrowded Alkene‐Based Bis‐PBI Modulators. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202207405. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhao‐Tao Shi
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Qian Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Jinhao Yi
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Chengxi Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Shao‐Yu Chen
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - He Tian
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Da‐Hui Qu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
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12
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Shi ZT, Wang Q, Yi J, Zhao C, Chen SY, Tian H, Qu DH. Encoding Supramolecular Chiral Self‐Assembly with Photo‐Controlled Circularly Polarized Luminescence by Overcrowded Alkene‐Based Bis‐PBI Modulators. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202207405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Tao Shi
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboretory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Joint Research Center East China University of Science and Technology CHINA
| | - Qian Wang
- Key Laboretory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center East China University of Science and Technology CHINA
| | - Jinhao Yi
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center East China University of Science and Technology CHINA
| | - Chengxi Zhao
- Key Laboretory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Jiont Research Center East China University of Science and Technology CHINA
| | - Shao-Yu Chen
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center East China University of Science and Technology CHINA
| | - He Tian
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint Internation Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Enginering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center East China University of Science and Technology CHINA
| | - Da-Hui Qu
- Key Labs for Advanced Materials Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology Meilong Road 130 200237 Shanghai CHINA
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13
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Li H, Kou L, Liang L, Li B, Zhao W, Yang XJ, Wu B. Anion-coordination-driven single-double helix switching and chiroptical molecular switching based on oligoureas. Chem Sci 2022; 13:4915-4921. [PMID: 35655878 PMCID: PMC9067589 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00876a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic foldamers with helical conformation are widely seen, but controllable interconversion amongst different geometries (helical structure and sense) is challenging. Here, a family of oligourea (tetra-, penta-, and hexa-) ligands bearing stereocenters at both ends are designed and shown to switch between single and double helices with concomitant inversion of helical senses upon anion coordination. The tetraurea ligand forms a right-handed single helix upon chloride anion (Cl-) binding and is converted into a left-handed double helix when phosphate anion (PO4 3-) is coordinated. The helical senses of the single and double helices are opposite, and the conversion is further found to be dependent on the stoichiometry of the ligand and phosphate anion. In contrast, only a single helix is formed for the hexaurea ligand with the phosphate anion. This distinction is attributed to the fact that the characteristic phosphate anion coordination geometry is satisfied by six urea moieties with twelve H-bonds. Our study revealed unusual single-double helix interconversion accompanied by unexpected chiroptical switching of helical senses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfei Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Lei Kou
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Lin Liang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 102488 China
| | - Boyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 102488 China
| | - Xiao-Juan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 102488 China
| | - Biao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 102488 China
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14
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Dimitriev OP. Dynamics of Excitons in Conjugated Molecules and Organic Semiconductor Systems. Chem Rev 2022; 122:8487-8593. [PMID: 35298145 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The exciton, an excited electron-hole pair bound by Coulomb attraction, plays a key role in photophysics of organic molecules and drives practically important phenomena such as photoinduced mechanical motions of a molecule, photochemical conversions, energy transfer, generation of free charge carriers, etc. Its behavior in extended π-conjugated molecules and disordered organic films is very different and very rich compared with exciton behavior in inorganic semiconductor crystals. Due to the high degree of variability of organic systems themselves, the exciton not only exerts changes on molecules that carry it but undergoes its own changes during all phases of its lifetime, that is, birth, conversion and transport, and decay. The goal of this review is to give a systematic and comprehensive view on exciton behavior in π-conjugated molecules and molecular assemblies at all phases of exciton evolution with emphasis on rates typical for this dynamic picture and various consequences of the above dynamics. To uncover the rich variety of exciton behavior, details of exciton formation, exciton transport, exciton energy conversion, direct and reverse intersystem crossing, and radiative and nonradiative decay are considered in different systems, where these processes lead to or are influenced by static and dynamic disorder, charge distribution symmetry breaking, photoinduced reactions, electron and proton transfer, structural rearrangements, exciton coupling with vibrations and intermediate particles, and exciton dissociation and annihilation as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg P Dimitriev
- V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics NAS of Ukraine, pr. Nauki 41, Kyiv 03028, Ukraine
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15
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Bak IG, Chae CG, Lee JS. Synthetic Control of Helical Polyisocyanates by Living Anionic Polymerization toward Peptide Mimicry. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- In Gyu Bak
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Geun Chae
- Advanced Materials Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Suk Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
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16
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Qin YN, Zhang C, Li Q, Du GY. Development of Synthetic Strategies to Access Optically Pure Feringa’s Motors. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1577-7850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AbstractLight-driven unidirectional molecular motors have gained significant attention since the pioneering work by Prof. Ben Feringa in 1999, and they hold great promise as next-generation smart materials. The intrinsic feature of point chirality and the helicity of these molecular motors requires efficient strategies to access their optically pure forms, especially when chirality-sensitive materials are fabricated. In this short review, we summarize synthetic strategies to access optically pure first- and second-generation molecular motors. Three general strategies are discussed: direct asymmetric synthesis, chiral auxiliary methods and chiral separation aided by a resolving agent. We hope that this review will ignite the enthusiasm of synthetic chemists to address very fundamental but unavoidable synthetic questions on chiral-alkene-based molecular motors concerning their large-scale applications.1 Introduction2 Synthesis of First-Generation Molecular Motors2.1 Direct Asymmetric Synthesis of Molecular Motors2.2 Resolving-Agent-Aided Chiral Resolution of Molecular Motors3 Synthesis of Second-Generation Molecular Motors3.1 Direct Asymmetric Synthesis of Molecular Motors3.2 Chiral Auxiliary Strategy3.3 Domino Strategy4 onclusions
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Nan Qin
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University
| | - Chen Zhang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University
| | - Quan Li
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University
| | - Guang-Yan Du
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology
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17
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Costil R, Holzheimer M, Crespi S, Simeth NA, Feringa BL. Directing Coupled Motion with Light: A Key Step Toward Machine-Like Function. Chem Rev 2021; 121:13213-13237. [PMID: 34533944 PMCID: PMC8587610 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Molecular photoactuators can control shape and chemical or physical properties of the responsive system they are embedded in. These effects are usually mediated by supramolecular interactions and can be amplified to perform work at the micro- and macroscopic scale, for instance, in materials and biomimetic systems. While many studies focus on the observable outcome of these events, photoresponsive structures can also translate their conformational change to molecular components and perform work against random Brownian motion. Stereochemical cascades can amplify light-generated motion to a distant moiety of the same molecule or molecular assembly, via conformationally restricted stereogenic elements. Being able to control the conformation or motion of molecular systems remotely provides prospects for the design of the smallest machines imaginable. This Focus Review emphasizes the emergence of directed, coupled motion of remote functionalities triggered by light-powered switches and motors as a tool to control molecular topology and function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stefano Crespi
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry,
Faculty of Science and Engineering, University
of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nadja A. Simeth
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry,
Faculty of Science and Engineering, University
of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ben L. Feringa
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry,
Faculty of Science and Engineering, University
of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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18
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Li M, Li S, Zhang K, Chi X, Zhou H, Xu HB, Zhang Y, Li Q, Wang D, Zeng MH. Coordination-directed self-assembly of molecular motors: towards a two-wheel drive nanocar. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:16748-16754. [PMID: 34596642 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr05046j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Designing and constructing hierarchical and stimuli-responsive motorized nanocar systems to perform useful tasks on-demand is highly imperative towards molecular nanotechnology. In this work, a most simplified two-wheel nanocar was successfully prepared through a facile strategy of coordination-directed self-assembly. The nanocar meso-AgL2 features a central pseudo square-planar Ag(I) which was bridged by two enantiomeric motors as the wheels that ensure the car moves in the same direction when observed externally. Thanks to the electronic push-pull characteristic of L and 3ILCT triplet sensitization, this nanocar can be driven by visible light up to 500 nm. Furthermore, it could be disassembled into individual motor elements through the addition of pyridine, thus allowing dynamic regulation over the function of the nanocar. Importantly, our STM imaging results showed very organized tilted layered structures for meso-AgL2 on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) that are quite similar to its crystalline ones, paving the way for future single molecule manipulations. The nanocar reported here represents the first example of integrating individual motors into a hierarchical motorized nanocar system via the facile coordination-directed self-assembly method and may offer a good starting point to realize its robotic functions, e.g., metal transportation and release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglian Li
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China.
| | - Shaorui Li
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China.
| | - Kexin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xin Chi
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China.
| | - Hang Zhou
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China.
| | - Hai-Bing Xu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
| | - Yuexing Zhang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China.
| | - Quan Li
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China.
| | - Dong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Hua Zeng
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, P. R. China.
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19
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Zhao YH, Wang JL, Zhou YB, Liu MC, Wu HY. Palladium-catalyzed coupling reaction of 2-iodobiphenyls with alkenyl bromides for the construction of 9-(diorganomethylidene)fluorenes. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:8250-8253. [PMID: 34518849 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01547h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
An atom economical protocol for the construction of 9-(diorganomethylidene)fluorenes through palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions of 2-iodobiphenyls with alkenyl bromides has been reported. The reaction proceeds through the C-H activation/oxidative addition/reduction elimination/intramolecular Heck coupling reaction to afford a series of 9-(diorganomethylidene)fluorenes with good yields. Control experiments demonstrate that a five-membered palladacycle acts as a key intermediate and β-H elimination serves as the rate-limiting step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Heng Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, P. R. of China.
| | - Jian-Long Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, P. R. of China.
| | - Yun-Bing Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, P. R. of China.
| | - Miao-Chang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, P. R. of China.
| | - Hua-Yue Wu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, P. R. of China.
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20
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Sahoo D, Benny R, Ks NK, De S. Stimuli-Responsive Chiroptical Switching. Chempluschem 2021; 87:e202100322. [PMID: 34694736 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202100322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
"Chirality" governs many fundamental properties in chemistry and biochemistry. While early investigations on stereochemistry are primarily dedicated to static chirality, there is an increasing interest in the field of dynamic chirality (chiral switches). These chiral switches are essential in controlling the directionality in molecular motors. Dynamic chiralities are equally crucial in switchable stereoselectivity, switchable asymmetric catalysis and enantioselective separation. Herein, we limit our discussion to recent advances on stimuli-induced chiroptical switching of axial, helical, and planar chirality in response to external stimuli. We also discuss a few examples of applications of the switchable chirality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diptiprava Sahoo
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and, Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM), Thiruvananthapuram, 695551, India
| | - Renitta Benny
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and, Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM), Thiruvananthapuram, 695551, India
| | - Nithish Kumar Ks
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and, Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM), Thiruvananthapuram, 695551, India
| | - Soumen De
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and, Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM), Thiruvananthapuram, 695551, India
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21
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Liu WB, Xu XH, Kang SM, Song X, Zhou L, Liu N, Wu ZQ. Bottlebrush Polymers Carrying Side Chains on Every Backbone Atom: Controlled Synthesis, Polymerization-Induced Emission, and Circularly Polarized Luminescence. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Bin Liu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, China
| | - Xun-Hui Xu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, China
| | - Shu-Ming Kang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, China
| | - Xue Song
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, China
| | - Zong-Quan Wu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, China
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22
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Shi ZT, Hu YX, Hu Z, Zhang Q, Chen SY, Chen M, Yu JJ, Yin GQ, Sun H, Xu L, Li X, Feringa BL, Yang HB, Tian H, Qu DH. Visible-Light-Driven Rotation of Molecular Motors in Discrete Supramolecular Metallacycles. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:442-452. [PMID: 33371675 PMCID: PMC7809693 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c11752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The organization of molecular motors in supramolecular assemblies to allow the amplification and transmission of motion and collective action is an important step toward future responsive systems. Metal-coordination-driven directional self-assembly into supramolecular metallacycles provides a powerful strategy to position several motor units in larger structures with well-defined geometries. Herein, we present a pyridyl-modified molecular motor ligand (MPY) which upon coordination with geometrically distinct di-Pt(II) acceptors assembles into discrete metallacycles of different sizes and shapes. This coordination leads to a red-shift of the absorption bands of molecular motors, making these motorized metallacycles responsive to visible light. Photochemical and thermal isomerization experiments demonstrated that the light-driven rotation of the motors in the metallacycles is similar to that in free MPY in solution. CD studies show that the helicity inversions associated with each isomerization step in the rotary cycle are preserved. To explore collective motion, the trimeric motor-containing metallacycle was aggregated with heparin through multiple electrostatic interactions, to construct a multi-component hierarchical system. SEM, TEM, and DLS measurements revealed that the photo- and thermal-responsive molecular motor units enabled selective manipulation of the secondary supramolecular aggregation process without dissociating the primary metallacycle structures. These visible-light-responsive metallacycles, with intrinsic multiple rotary motors, offer prospects for cooperative operations, dynamic hierarchical self-assembled systems, and adaptive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Tao Shi
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yi-Xiong Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Zhubin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.,Center for System Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Shao-Yu Chen
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.,Center for System Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Meng Chen
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jing-Jing Yu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Guang-Qiang Yin
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Haitao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ben L Feringa
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.,Center for System Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hai-Bo Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - He Tian
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Da-Hui Qu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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23
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Abstract
This review surveys recent progress towards robust chiral nanostructure fabrication techniques using synthetic helical polymers, the unique inferred properties that these materials possess, and their intricate connection to natural, biological chirality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James F. Reuther
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Massachusetts Lowell
- Lowell
- USA
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24
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Gilissen PJ, White PB, Berrocal JA, Vanthuyne N, Rutjes FPJT, Feringa BL, Elemans JAAW, Nolte RJM. Molecular motor-functionalized porphyrin macrocycles. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5291. [PMID: 33082343 PMCID: PMC7576194 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19123-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular motors and switches change conformation under the influence of an external stimulus, e.g. light. They can be incorporated into functional systems, allowing the construction of adaptive materials and switchable catalysts. Here, we present two molecular motor-functionalized porphyrin macrocycles for future photo-switchable catalysis. They display helical, planar and point chirality, and are diastereomers, which differ in the relative orientation of the motor and macrocyclic components. Fluorescence, UV-vis, and 1H NMR experiments reveal that the motor-functionalized macrocycles can bind and thread different variants of viologen guests, including a one-side blocked polymeric one of 30 repeat units. The latter feature indicates that the motor systems can find the open end of a polymer chain, thread on it, and move along the chain to eventually bind at the viologen trap, opening possibilities for catalytic writing on single polymer chains via chemical routes. Molecular motors and switches change conformation under the influence of an external stimulus and can be incorporated into functional systems, allowing the construction of adaptive materials and switchable catalysts. Here, the authors present two molecular motor-functionalized porphyrin macrocycles for future photo-switchable catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter J Gilissen
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Paul B White
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - José Augusto Berrocal
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nicolas Vanthuyne
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | - Floris P J T Rutjes
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ben L Feringa
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Johannes A A W Elemans
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Roeland J M Nolte
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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25
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Danowski W, Castiglioni F, Sardjan AS, Krause S, Pfeifer L, Roke D, Comotti A, Browne WR, Feringa BL. Visible-Light-Driven Rotation of Molecular Motors in a Dual-Function Metal-Organic Framework Enabled by Energy Transfer. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:9048-9056. [PMID: 32324391 PMCID: PMC7232677 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c03063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The visible-light-driven rotation of an overcrowded alkene-based molecular motor strut in a dual-function metal-organic framework (MOF) is reported. Two types of functional linkers, a palladium-porphyrin photosensitizer and a bispyridine-derived molecular motor, were used to construct the framework capable of harvesting low-energy green light to power the rotary motion. The molecular motor was introduced in the framework using the postsynthetic solvent-assisted linker exchange (SALE) method, and the structure of the material was confirmed by powder (PXRD) and single-crystal X-ray (SC-XRD) diffraction. The large decrease in the phosphorescence lifetime and intensity of the porphyrin in the MOFs upon introduction of the molecular motor pillars confirms efficient triplet-to-triplet energy transfer between the porphyrin linkers and the molecular motor. Near-infrared Raman spectroscopy revealed that the visible light-driven rotation of the molecular motor proceeds in the solid state at rates similar to those observed in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Danowski
- Centre
for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747
AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Fabio Castiglioni
- Department
of Materials Science, University of Milano
Bicocca, Via R. Cozzi 55, 20125 Milan, Italy
| | - Andy S. Sardjan
- Molecular
Inorganic Chemistry Group, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Simon Krause
- Centre
for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747
AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lukas Pfeifer
- Centre
for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747
AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Diederik Roke
- Centre
for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747
AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Angiolina Comotti
- Department
of Materials Science, University of Milano
Bicocca, Via R. Cozzi 55, 20125 Milan, Italy
| | - Wesley R. Browne
- Centre
for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747
AG Groningen, The Netherlands
- Molecular
Inorganic Chemistry Group, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ben L. Feringa
- Centre
for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747
AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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26
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Leigh T, Fernandez-Trillo P. Helical polymers for biological and medical applications. Nat Rev Chem 2020; 4:291-310. [PMID: 37127955 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-020-0180-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Helices are the most prevalent secondary structure in biomolecules and play vital roles in their activity. Chemists have been fascinated with mimicking this molecular conformation with synthetic materials. Research has now been devoted to the synthesis and characterization of helical materials, and to understand the design principles behind this molecular architecture. In parallel, work has been done to develop synthetic polymers for biological and medical applications. We now have access to materials with controlled size, molecular conformation, multivalency or functionality. As a result, synthetic polymers are being investigated in areas such as drug and gene delivery, tissue engineering, imaging and sensing, or as polymer therapeutics. Here, we provide a critical view of where these two fields, helical polymers and polymers for biological and medical applications, overlap. We have selected relevant polymer families and examples to illustrate the range of applications that can be targeted and the impact of the helical conformation on the performance. For each family of polymers, we briefly describe how they can be prepared, what helical conformations are observed and what parameters control helicity. We close this Review with an outlook of the challenges ahead, including the characterization of helicity through the process and the identification of biocompatibility.
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27
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Moulin E, Faour L, Carmona‐Vargas CC, Giuseppone N. From Molecular Machines to Stimuli‐Responsive Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1906036. [PMID: 31833132 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201906036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Moulin
- SAMS Research Group, Institut Charles Sadron, CNRS‐UPR 22University of Strasbourg 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047 Strasbourg 67034 Cedex 2 France
| | - Lara Faour
- SAMS Research Group, Institut Charles Sadron, CNRS‐UPR 22University of Strasbourg 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047 Strasbourg 67034 Cedex 2 France
| | - Christian C. Carmona‐Vargas
- SAMS Research Group, Institut Charles Sadron, CNRS‐UPR 22University of Strasbourg 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047 Strasbourg 67034 Cedex 2 France
| | - Nicolas Giuseppone
- SAMS Research Group, Institut Charles Sadron, CNRS‐UPR 22University of Strasbourg 23 rue du Loess, BP 84047 Strasbourg 67034 Cedex 2 France
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28
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Tuten BT, Wiedbrauk S, Barner-Kowollik C. Contemporary catalyst-free photochemistry in synthetic macromolecular science. Prog Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2019.101183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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29
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Dattler D, Fuks G, Heiser J, Moulin E, Perrot A, Yao X, Giuseppone N. Design of Collective Motions from Synthetic Molecular Switches, Rotors, and Motors. Chem Rev 2019; 120:310-433. [PMID: 31869214 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 241] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Precise control over molecular movement is of fundamental and practical importance in physics, biology, and chemistry. At nanoscale, the peculiar functioning principles and the synthesis of individual molecular actuators and machines has been the subject of intense investigations and debates over the past 60 years. In this review, we focus on the design of collective motions that are achieved by integrating, in space and time, several or many of these individual mechanical units together. In particular, we provide an in-depth look at the intermolecular couplings used to physically connect a number of artificial mechanically active molecular units such as photochromic molecular switches, nanomachines based on mechanical bonds, molecular rotors, and light-powered rotary motors. We highlight the various functioning principles that can lead to their collective motion at various length scales. We also emphasize how their synchronized, or desynchronized, mechanical behavior can lead to emerging functional properties and to their implementation into new active devices and materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Dattler
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Gad Fuks
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Joakim Heiser
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Emilie Moulin
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Alexis Perrot
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Xuyang Yao
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
| | - Nicolas Giuseppone
- SAMS Research Group, Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS , University of Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess , BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 , France
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30
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García-López V, Liu D, Tour JM. Light-Activated Organic Molecular Motors and Their Applications. Chem Rev 2019; 120:79-124. [PMID: 31849216 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Molecular motors are at the heart of cellular machinery, and they are involved in converting chemical and light energy inputs into efficient mechanical work. From a synthetic perspective, the most advanced molecular motors are rotators that are activated by light wherein a molecular subcomponent rotates unidirectionally around an axis. The mechanical work produced by arrays of molecular motors can be used to induce a macroscopic effect. Light activation offers advantages over biological chemically activated molecular motors because one can direct precise spatiotemporal inputs while conducting reactions in the gas phase, in solution and in vacuum, while generating no chemical byproducts or waste. In this review, we describe the origins of the first light-activated rotary motors and their modes of function, the structural modifications that led to newer motor designs with optimized rotary properties at variable activation wavelengths. Presented are molecular motor attachments to surfaces, their insertion into supramolecular structures and photomodulating materials, their use in catalysis, and their action in biological environments to produce exciting new prospects for biomedicine.
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31
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Yu JJ, Liang WJ, Zhang Q, Li MM, Qu DH. Photo-Powered Collapse of Supramolecular Polymers Based on an Overcrowded Alkene Switch. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:3141-3144. [PMID: 31355530 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201900801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A supramolecular polymer was constructed from a light-driven overcrowded alkene switch modified with two alkylated gallic acid amide pendants (MSP-1). Upon UV irradiation, stable MSP-1 isomerized into unstable MSP-2, which induced the effective collapse of well-defined cross-linked supramolecular polymers, and the reassembly can be realized by aging at low temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Yu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road No. 130, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Wen-Jing Liang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road No. 130, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road No. 130, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Ming-Ming Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road No. 130, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Da-Hui Qu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road No. 130, Shanghai, 200237, China
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32
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Akagi K. Interdisciplinary Chemistry Based on Integration of Liquid Crystals and Conjugated Polymers: Development and Progress. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20190092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Akagi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
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33
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Abstract
Directed motion at the nanoscale is a central attribute of life, and chemically driven motor proteins are nature's choice to accomplish it. Motivated and inspired by such bionanodevices, in the past few decades chemists have developed artificial prototypes of molecular motors, namely, multicomponent synthetic species that exhibit directionally controlled, stimuli-induced movements of their parts. In this context, photonic and redox stimuli represent highly appealing modes of activation, particularly from a technological viewpoint. Here we describe the evolution of the field of photo- and redox-driven artificial molecular motors, and we provide a comprehensive review of the work published in the past 5 years. After an analysis of the general principles that govern controlled and directed movement at the molecular scale, we describe the fundamental photochemical and redox processes that can enable its realization. The main classes of light- and redox-driven molecular motors are illustrated, with a particular focus on recent designs, and a thorough description of the functions performed by these kinds of devices according to literature reports is presented. Limitations, challenges, and future perspectives of the field are critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Baroncini
- CLAN-Center for Light Activated Nanostructures , Istituto ISOF-CNR , via Gobetti 101 , 40129 Bologna , Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-alimentari , Università di Bologna , viale Fanin 44 , 40127 Bologna , Italy
| | - Serena Silvi
- CLAN-Center for Light Activated Nanostructures , Istituto ISOF-CNR , via Gobetti 101 , 40129 Bologna , Italy.,Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician" , Università di Bologna , via Selmi 2 , 40126 Bologna , Italy
| | - Alberto Credi
- CLAN-Center for Light Activated Nanostructures , Istituto ISOF-CNR , via Gobetti 101 , 40129 Bologna , Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-alimentari , Università di Bologna , viale Fanin 44 , 40127 Bologna , Italy
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34
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Ishido Y, Kanbayashi N, Okamura TA, Onitsuka K. Side-Chain-Driven Dual Structural System of Poly-Arylopeptide: Selective Helical Formation Derived from Aromatic Ring Flips on the Backbone. ACS Macro Lett 2019; 8:694-699. [PMID: 35619526 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.9b00249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A methodology for producing dual structural systems of macromolecules, which involves flipping the unsymmetrical aromatic rings on the main chain is presented. Previously, we reported a non-natural polypeptide containing an aromatic ring on the peptide backbone, called a poly "arylopeptide". Herein, we used 2,6-naphthalene rings as axially unsymmetrical spacers, which has two geometrical isomers, anti and syn, to create dual structural properties. The miniscule energy difference between the two geometrical isomers can be amplified by incorporating the 2,6-naphthylene units into the polypeptide backbone, which creates a thermodynamic driving force for the formation of two specific global structures (i.e., 31-helix or 41-helix) biased toward one side geometrical isomer depending on the side chain. Additionally, the 31-helix can be switched to the 41-helix upon addition of a small amount of additives, indicating a conformational conversion from an identical sequence. The developmental dual helical systems exploit basic molecular geometry and can serve as a design platform for synthetic polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Ishido
- Department of Macromolecular Science Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Naoya Kanbayashi
- Department of Macromolecular Science Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Taka-Aki Okamura
- Department of Macromolecular Science Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Onitsuka
- Department of Macromolecular Science Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
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35
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Wang J, Zhang X, Graf R, Li Y, Yang G, Fu XB, Ma JQ, Yao YF. A Small Lattice Change Induces Significant Dynamic Changes of CH 3NH 3+ Caged in Hybrid Perovskite Crystals: Toward Understanding the Interplay between Host Lattices and Guest Molecules. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:7426-7432. [PMID: 31091094 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Two perovskite-type compounds, (MA)2[B'Co(CN)6] (MA = methylammonium, B' = K(I) and Na(I)), have very similar structures, but exhibit marked differences in the phase and dielectric transitions. Solid state 2H NMR studies reveal the detailed dynamic changes of the caged methylammonium (MA) cations before and after the phase transitions, which are correlated with the different dielectric states of the compounds. Using solid state 59Co NMR, the dynamic changes of the host lattices before and after the transitions, which accompany the changes in the dynamics of the caged MA cations, are unveiled, demonstrating the intriguing interplay between the MA cations and the host lattices. On the basis of these observations, the molecular origins of the dielectric transitions are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachen Wang
- Physics Department & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Materials Science , East China Normal University , North Zhongshan Road 3663 , Shanghai 200062 , P. R. China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Physics Department & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Materials Science , East China Normal University , North Zhongshan Road 3663 , Shanghai 200062 , P. R. China
| | - Robert Graf
- Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research , Ackermannweg 10 , 55128 Mainz , Germany
| | - Yi Li
- Physics Department & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Materials Science , East China Normal University , North Zhongshan Road 3663 , Shanghai 200062 , P. R. China
| | - Guang Yang
- Physics Department & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Materials Science , East China Normal University , North Zhongshan Road 3663 , Shanghai 200062 , P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Bin Fu
- Physics Department & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Materials Science , East China Normal University , North Zhongshan Road 3663 , Shanghai 200062 , P. R. China
| | - Jia-Qi Ma
- Physics Department & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Materials Science , East China Normal University , North Zhongshan Road 3663 , Shanghai 200062 , P. R. China
| | - Ye-Feng Yao
- Physics Department & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Materials Science , East China Normal University , North Zhongshan Road 3663 , Shanghai 200062 , P. R. China
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36
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Danowski W, van Leeuwen T, Abdolahzadeh S, Roke D, Browne WR, Wezenberg SJ, Feringa BL. Unidirectional rotary motion in a metal-organic framework. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 14:488-494. [PMID: 30886378 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-019-0401-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Overcrowded alkene-based light-driven molecular motors are able to perform large-amplitude repetitive unidirectional rotations. Their behaviour is well understood in solution. However, Brownian motion precludes the precise positioning at the nanoscale needed to harness cooperative action. Here, we demonstrate molecular motors organized in crystalline metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). The motor unit becomes a part of the organic linker (or strut), and its spatial arrangement is elucidated through powder and single-crystal X-ray analyses and polarized optical and Raman microscopies. We confirm that the light-driven unidirectional rotation of the motor units is retained in the MOF framework and that the motors can operate in the solid state with similar rotary speed (rate of thermal helix inversion) to that in solution. These 'moto-MOFs' could in the future be used to control dynamic function in crystalline materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Danowski
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas van Leeuwen
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Shaghayegh Abdolahzadeh
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry Group, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Diederik Roke
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wesley R Browne
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Molecular Inorganic Chemistry Group, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Sander J Wezenberg
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Ben L Feringa
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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37
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Vemuri GN, Pandian RR, Spinello BJ, Stopler EB, Kinney ZJ, Hartley CS. Twist sense control in terminally functionalized ortho-phenylenes. Chem Sci 2018; 9:8260-8270. [PMID: 30542575 PMCID: PMC6240895 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc02821d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Chiral groups induce opposite twist senses of o-phenylene helices depending on their positions in dynamic mixtures.
Many abiotic foldamers are based on achiral repeat units but adopt chiral geometries, especially helices. In these systems, there is no inherent preference for one handedness of the fold; however, it is well-established that the point chirality of substituents can be communicated to the helix. This capability represents a basic level of control over folding that is necessary for applications in molecular recognition and in the assembly of higher-order structures. The ortho-phenylenes are a structurally simple class of aromatic foldamers that fold into helices driven by arene–arene stacking interactions. Although their folding is now reasonably well-understood, access to o-phenylenes enriched in one twist sense has been limited to resolution, yielding conformationally dynamic samples that racemize over the course of minutes to hours. Here, we report a detailed structure–property study of chiral induction from o-phenylene termini using a combination of NMR spectroscopy, CD spectroscopy, and computational chemistry. We uncover mechanistic details of chiral induction and show that the same substituents can give effective twist sense control in opposite directions in mixtures of interconverting conformers; that is, they are “ambidextrous”. This behavior should be general and can be rationalized using a simple model based on sterics, noting that arene–arene stacking is, to a first approximation, unaffected by flipping either partner. We demonstrate control over this mechanism by showing that chiral groups can be chosen such that they both favor one orientation and provide effective chiral induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopi Nath Vemuri
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry , Miami University , Oxford , OH 45056 , USA .
| | - Rathiesh R Pandian
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry , Miami University , Oxford , OH 45056 , USA .
| | - Brian J Spinello
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry , Miami University , Oxford , OH 45056 , USA .
| | - Erika B Stopler
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry , Miami University , Oxford , OH 45056 , USA .
| | - Zacharias J Kinney
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry , Miami University , Oxford , OH 45056 , USA .
| | - C Scott Hartley
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry , Miami University , Oxford , OH 45056 , USA .
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38
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Abstract
Molecular motors are Nature's solution for (supra)molecular transport and muscle functioning and are involved in most forms of directional motion at the cellular level. Their synthetic counterparts have also found a myriad of applications, ranging from molecular machines and smart materials to catalysis and anion transport. Although light-driven rotary molecular motors are likely to be suitable for use in an artificial cell, as well as in bionanotechnology, thus far they are not readily applied under physiological conditions. This results mainly from their inherently aromatic core structure, which makes them insoluble in aqueous solution. Here, the study of the dynamic behavior of these motors in biologically relevant media is described. Two molecular motors were equipped with solubilizing substituents and studied in aqueous solutions. Additionally, the behavior of a previously reported molecular motor was studied in micelles, as a model system for the biologically relevant confined environment. Design principles were established for molecular motors in these media, and insights are given into pH-dependent behavior. The work presented herein may provide a basis for the application of the remarkable properties of molecular motors in more advanced biohybrid systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouk S Lubbe
- Center for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Christian Böhmer
- Center for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Filippo Tosi
- Center for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Wiktor Szymanski
- Center for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands.,Department of Radiology , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Hanzeplein 1 , 9713 GZ Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Ben L Feringa
- Center for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands
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39
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Li C, Xu X, Xu L, Liu N. A Facile Synthetic Route to Amphiphilic Poly( Meta-Phenylene Ethynylene) and Poly( Meta-Phenylene Ethynylene)- Block-Polyisocyanide Using a Single Catalyst. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E936. [PMID: 30960861 PMCID: PMC6403950 DOI: 10.3390/polym10090936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
An optically active, amphiphilic meta-phenylene ethynylene (m-PE) bearing a chiral amide pendant was designed and synthesized. Living polymerization of m-PE using alkyne-Pd(II) as the initiator afforded well-defined poly(meta-phenylene ethynylene) (m-PPE). These m-PPEs were found to have a stable helical conformation in THF, 1,4-dioxane, and CH₃CN and showed split Cotton effects over the range of 245⁻400 nm. The positive first Cotton effect was observed at a wavelength of approximately 308 nm, and the negative second Cotton effect was observed at a wavelength of approximately 289 nm. The m-PPEs exhibited helical conformational changes in different mixed solvents and showed effective solvent-dependent helix inversion in CHCl₃/THF solutions. The sign of the Cotton effect of m-PPE was inverted at 25 °C by varying the mixing ratio of THF and CHCl₃. Finally, amphiphilic poly(meta-phenylene ethynylene)-block-polyisocyanide containing hydrophilic PPE and hydrophobic PPI segments were facilely prepared using Pd(II)-terminated m-PPE as the macroinitiator. This block copolymer can self-assemble into well-defined spherical nanostructures in a selective THF/CH₃OH solution. This efficient polymerization will open up enormous opportunities for the preparation of functional amphiphilic block copolymers in a wide variety of fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chonglong Li
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
| | - Xunhui Xu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
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40
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Kim KY, Kim J, Park H, Choi Y, Kwon KY, Jung JH. Helical Inversion of Peptide-based Supramolecular Co 2+
Complexes. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ka Young Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Sciences; Gyeongsang National University; Jinju 52828 Korea
| | - Jaehyeong Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Sciences; Gyeongsang National University; Jinju 52828 Korea
| | - Hyesong Park
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Sciences; Gyeongsang National University; Jinju 52828 Korea
| | - Yeonweon Choi
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Sciences; Gyeongsang National University; Jinju 52828 Korea
| | - Ki-Young Kwon
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Sciences; Gyeongsang National University; Jinju 52828 Korea
| | - Jong Hwa Jung
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Sciences; Gyeongsang National University; Jinju 52828 Korea
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41
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Goskulwad S, La DD, Kobaisi MA, Bhosale SV, Bansal V, Vinu A, Ariga K, Bhosale SV. Dynamic multistimuli-responsive reversible chiral transformation in supramolecular helices. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11220. [PMID: 30046122 PMCID: PMC6060148 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29152-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The design of new chiral chromophores that allow tunable assembly of higher order helical structures by using natural stimuli offers promising avenue in understanding various biological processes. In particular, access to dynamic multistimuli-responsive systems can provide real-time monitoring of chiral transformation in chemical and biological systems. We report on the synthesis of naphthalenediimide appended L-glutamate (NDI-L-Glu) that self-assembles into chiral supramolecular structures under physiological conditions. Specifically, NDI-L-Glu shows a mixture of left- and right-handed helices under physiological conditions, and any deviation from the ambient biochemical environment has a remarkable influence on the chirality of these structures. For instance, acidic environments shift the helicity to left-handedness while the alkaline conditions reversed the helical structures to right-handedness, thereby mimicking the molecular virulence mechanism of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). The chirality of these supramolecular assemblies can also be controllably tuned by using temperature as an external stimulus, allowing reversible flip of helicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Goskulwad
- Polymers and Functional Materials Division, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Duong Duc La
- School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC3001, Australia
| | - Mohammad Al Kobaisi
- School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC3001, Australia
| | - Sidhanath V Bhosale
- Polymers and Functional Materials Division, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India.
| | - Vipul Bansal
- School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC3001, Australia. .,Ian Potter Nano BioSensing Facility and Nano Biotechnology Research Laboratory, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia.
| | - Ajayan Vinu
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, Faculty of Natural Built Environment and Engineering, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Newcastle, 2308, NSW, Australia
| | - Katsuhiko Ariga
- WPI-MANA, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan.,Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kahiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8561, Japan
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Lee E, Ju H, Park IH, Jung JH, Ikeda M, Kuwahara S, Habata Y, Lee SS. pseudo[1]Catenane-Type Pillar[5]thiacrown Whose Planar Chiral Inversion is Triggered by Metal Cation and Controlled by Anion. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:9669-9677. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b05751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eunji Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, S. Korea
| | - Huiyeong Ju
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, S. Korea
| | - In-Hyeok Park
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, S. Korea
| | - Jong Hwa Jung
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, S. Korea
| | - Mari Ikeda
- Department of Chemistry, Education Center, Faculty of Engineering, Chiba Institute of Technology, 2-1-1 Shibazono, Narashino, Chiba 275-0023, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kuwahara
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan
| | - Yoichi Habata
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan
| | - Shim Sung Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, S. Korea
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Abstract
The field of synthetic molecular machines has quickly evolved in recent years, growing from a fundamental curiosity to a highly active field of chemistry. Many different applications are being explored in areas such as catalysis, self-assembled and nanostructured materials, and molecular electronics. Rotary molecular motors hold great promise for achieving dynamic control of molecular functions as well as for powering nanoscale devices. However, for these motors to reach their full potential, many challenges still need to be addressed. In this paper we focus on the design principles of rotary motors featuring a double-bond axle and discuss the major challenges that are ahead of us. Although great progress has been made, further design improvements, for example in terms of efficiency, energy input, and environmental adaptability, will be crucial to fully exploit the opportunities that these rotary motors offer.
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Kuwahara S, Suzuki Y, Sugita N, Ikeda M, Nagatsugi F, Harada N, Habata Y. Thermal E/Z Isomerization in First Generation Molecular Motors. J Org Chem 2018; 83:4800-4804. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b03264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Kuwahara
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan
- Research Center for Materials with Integrated Properties, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan
| | - Yuri Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan
| | - Naoya Sugita
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan
| | - Mari Ikeda
- Education Center, Faculty of Engineering, Chiba Institute of Technology, 2-1-1 Shibazono, Narashino, Chiba 275-0023, Japan
| | - Fumi Nagatsugi
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Harada
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Yoichi Habata
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan
- Research Center for Materials with Integrated Properties, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan
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45
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Liu G, Li X, Sheng J, Li PZ, Ong WK, Phua SZF, Ågren H, Zhu L, Zhao Y. Helicity Inversion of Supramolecular Hydrogels Induced by Achiral Substituents. ACS NANO 2017; 11:11880-11889. [PMID: 29140680 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b06097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Probing the supramolecular chirality of assemblies and controlling their handedness are closely related to the origin of chirality at the supramolecular level and the development of smart materials with desired handedness. However, it remains unclear how achiral residues covalently bonded to chiral amino acids can function in the chirality inversion of supramolecular assemblies. Herein, we report macroscopic chirality and dynamic manipulation of chiroptical activity of hydrogels self-assembled from phenylalanine derivatives, together with the inversion of their handedness achieved solely by exchanging achiral substituents between oligo(ethylene glycol) and carboxylic acid groups. This helicity inversion is mainly induced by distinct stacking mode of the self-assembled building blocks, as collectively confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, circular dichroism, crystallography, and molecular dynamics calculations. Through this straightforward approach, we were able to invert the handedness of helical assemblies by merely exchanging achiral substituents at the terminal of chiral gelators. This work not only presents a feasible strategy to achieve the handedness inversion of helical nanostructures for better understanding of chiral self-assembly process in supramolecular chemistry but also facilities the development of smart materials with controllable handedness in materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofeng Liu
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link, 637371 Singapore
| | - Xin Li
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology , SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jianhui Sheng
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link, 637371 Singapore
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Pei-Zhou Li
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link, 637371 Singapore
| | - Wee Kong Ong
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link, 637371 Singapore
| | - Soo Zeng Fiona Phua
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link, 637371 Singapore
| | - Hans Ågren
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology , SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Liangliang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Yanli Zhao
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link, 637371 Singapore
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798 Singapore
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48
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Feringa BL. The Art of Building Small: From Molecular Switches to Motors (Nobel Lecture). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:11060-11078. [PMID: 28851050 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201702979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 457] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A journey into the nano-world: The ability to design, use and control motor-like functions at the molecular level sets the stage for numerous dynamic molecular systems. In his Nobel Lecture, B. L. Feringa describes the evolution of the field of molecular motors and explains how to program and control molecules by incorporating responsive and adaptive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben L Feringa
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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49
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Feringa BL. Die Kunst, klein zu bauen: von molekularen Schaltern bis zu Motoren (Nobel-Aufsatz). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201702979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ben L. Feringa
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry; University of Groningen; Groningen Niederlande
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50
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Valera JS, Sánchez-Naya R, Ramírez FJ, Zafra JL, Gómez R, Casado J, Sánchez L. Solvent-Directed Helical Stereomutation Discloses Pathway Complexity on N-Heterotriangulene-Based Organogelators. Chemistry 2017; 23:11141-11146. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge S. Valera
- Química Orgánica I; Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, UCM; Ciudad Universitaria, s/n 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Roberto Sánchez-Naya
- Química Orgánica I; Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, UCM; Ciudad Universitaria, s/n 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Francisco J. Ramírez
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Málaga; Campus de Teatinos s/n 29071 Malaga Spain
| | - José L. Zafra
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Málaga; Campus de Teatinos s/n 29071 Malaga Spain
| | - Rafael Gómez
- Química Orgánica I; Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, UCM; Ciudad Universitaria, s/n 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Juan Casado
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Málaga; Campus de Teatinos s/n 29071 Malaga Spain
| | - Luis Sánchez
- Química Orgánica I; Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, UCM; Ciudad Universitaria, s/n 28040 Madrid Spain
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