1
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Yang HC, Du YS, Lee JJ, Yeh CH, Tseng MC, Ho YC, Kuo HW, Yoshida H, Fujii A, Ozaki M, Tao YT, Akutagawg T, Chen HH. Morphology and Alignment Transition of Hexabenzocoronene (HBC) Mesogen Films by Bar Coating: Effect of Coating Speed. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:16846-16854. [PMID: 39094224 PMCID: PMC11325635 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Films of the discotic liquid crystalline hexabenzocoronene (HBC) derivative, HBC-1,3,5-Ph-C12, were prepared on the quartz substrate by the bar-coating method. Depending on the coating speed, regularly spaced stripes or continuous films were observed. In the former case, columns of the HBC derivatives align more along the stripes, which are perpendicular to the coating direction, whereas in the latter case, columns of the HBC derivatives in the film align more along the coating direction. These distinctive structures are confirmed via polarized optical microscopy (POM), polarized UV-vis spectroscopy, and grazing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Chun Yang
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - You-Sheng Du
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Jey-Jau Lee
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hong Yeh
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chun Tseng
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chi Ho
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Han-Wen Kuo
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Hiroyuki Yoshida
- School of Engineering Building VII, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda 662-8501, Japan
| | - Akihiko Fujii
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Systems Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, Omiya, Asahi-ku, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
| | - Masanori Ozaki
- Division of Electrical, Electronic and Infocommunications Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yu-Tai Tao
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Tomoyuki Akutagawg
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Hsiu-Hui Chen
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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2
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Ma XH, Gao X, Chen JY, Cao M, Dai Q, Jia ZK, Zhou YB, Zhao XJ, Chu C, Liu G, Tan YZ. Soluble Nanographene C 222: Synthesis and Applications for Synergistic Photodynamic/Photothermal Therapy. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:2411-2418. [PMID: 38234111 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Nanographene C222, which consists of a planar graphenic plane containing 222 carbon atoms, holds the record as the largest planar nanographene synthesized to date. However, its complete insolubility makes the processing of C222 difficult. Here we addressed this issue by introducing peripheral substituents perpendicular to the graphene plane, effectively disrupting the interlayer stacking and endowing C222 with good solubility. We also found that the electron-withdrawing substituents played a crucial role in the cyclodehydrogenation process, converting the dendritic polyphenylene precursor to C222. After disrupting the interlayer stacking, the introduction of only a few peripheral carboxylic groups allowed C222 to dissolve in phosphate buffer saline, reaching a concentration of up to 0.5 mg/mL. Taking advantage of the good photosensitizing and photothermal properties of the inner C222 core, the resulting water-soluble C222 emerged as a single-component agent for both photothermal and photodynamic tumor therapy, exhibiting an impressive tumor inhibition rate of 96%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hui Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Xing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Jia-Ying Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Maofeng Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Qixuan Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Zhe-Kun Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yuan-Biao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Xin-Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Chengchao Chu
- Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yuan-Zhi Tan
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
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3
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Zanetti D, Matuszewska O, Giorgianni G, Pezzetta C, Demitri N, Bonifazi D. Photoredox Annulation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. JACS AU 2023; 3:3045-3054. [PMID: 38034957 PMCID: PMC10685425 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The rise of interest in using polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and molecular graphenoids in optoelectronics has recently stimulated the growth of modern synthetic methodologies giving access to intramolecular aryl-aryl couplings. Here, we show that a radical-based annulation protocol allows expansion of the planarization approaches to prepare functionalized molecular graphenoids. The enabler of this reaction is peri-xanthenoxanthene, the photocatalyst which undergoes photoinduced single electron transfer with an ortho-oligoarylenyl precursor bearing electron-withdrawing and nucleofuge groups. Dissociative electron transfer enables the formation of persistent aryl radical intermediates, the latter undergoing intramolecular C-C bond formation, allowing the planarization reaction to occur. The reaction conditions are mild and compatible with various electron-withdrawing and -donating substituents on the aryl rings as well as heterocycles and PAHs. The method could be applied to induce double annulation reactions, allowing the synthesis of π-extended scaffolds with different edge peripheries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Zanetti
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Oliwia Matuszewska
- School
of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K.
| | - Giuliana Giorgianni
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Cristofer Pezzetta
- School
of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K.
| | - Nicola Demitri
- Elettra—Sincrotrone
Trieste, S.S. 14 Km 163.5
in Area Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Davide Bonifazi
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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4
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Chen W, Chen P, Chen D, Liu Y, Zhang G, Wang L, Chen L. Triangular Topological 2D Covalent Organic Frameworks Constructed via Symmetric or Asymmetric "Two-in-One" Type Monomers. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2105517. [PMID: 35142439 PMCID: PMC9259724 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Most of the reported covalent organic frameworks (COFs) so far are prepared from highly symmetric building blocks, which to some extent limits the expansion of COF diversity and complexity. Low-symmetric building blocks can be designed through a desymmetrized vertex strategy, which might be used to construct new topological COFs. But reports of COFs constructed by asymmetric building blocks are thus far very rare. Here, a feasible strategy to design asymmetric building blocks for COF synthesis is introduced, by simply varying the positions of functional groups in the monomer. As a proof of concept, two isomeric hexaphenylbenzene-based "two-in-one" type monomers (1,2,4-HPB-NH2 and 1,3,5-HPB-NH2 ) are designed and synthesized. To the authors' surprise, self-polycondensation of the asymmetric 1,2,4-HPB-NH2 (i.e., the isomer of common C3 -symmetric 1,3,5-HPB-NH2 ) also affords highly crystalline COF (1,2,4-HPB-COF) similar to the symmetric 1,3,5-HPB-NH2 counterpart with identical topological structure. The triangular porous structures of both HPB-based COFs are well resolved by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), theoretical simulations, nitrogen sorption, and morphologies analysis. This work demonstrates the "two-in-one" type asymmetric building blocks can also produce highly crystalline frameworks and thus provides a new structural design strategy for reticular chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiben Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and TechnologyGuangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060China
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060China
- Department of ChemistryTianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic ScienceTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
| | - Pei Chen
- Department of ChemistryTianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic ScienceTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
| | - Dan Chen
- Department of ChemistryTianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic ScienceTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
| | - Yi Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and TechnologyGuangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060China
| | - Guang Zhang
- Department of ChemistryTianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic ScienceTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
| | - Lei Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and TechnologyGuangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060China
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060China
| | - Long Chen
- Department of ChemistryTianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic ScienceTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsCollege of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun130012China
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5
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Kumar S, Tao Y. Coronenes, Benzocoronenes and Beyond: Modern Aspects of Their Syntheses, Properties, and Applications. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:621-647. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.202001465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sushil Kumar
- Institute of Chemistry Academia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan
| | - Yu‐Tai Tao
- Institute of Chemistry Academia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan
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6
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Lin FJ, Yang CW, Chen HH, Tao YT. Alignment and Photopolymerization of Hexa- peri-hexabenzocoronene Derivatives Carrying Diacetylenic Side Chains for Charge-Transporting Application. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:11763-11771. [PMID: 32510215 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c02055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Thin films of four discotic liquid-crystalline hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene (HBC) derivatives carrying three diacetylenic side chains and three saturated alkyl chains at different positions around the central HBC core were prepared on phenyltrichlorosilane-modified SiO2 substrate by the Chinese brush-coating method. The brush-coated films of molecules with D3h symmetry and C1 symmetry all exhibited anisotropic alignment with an edge-on orientation and molecular π-π stacking along the coating direction on the surface, in contrast to the spin-coated films, where a mixture of face-on and edge-on orientations was obtained. Hexagonally packed columnar structure or lamella-like columnar structure was obtained, depending on the location of the diacetylenic unit along the chain. UV irradiation of the films resulted in cross-linking/polymerization of the molecular columns. Among them, the lamella-like structure with a diacetylene unit closer to the HBC core gave more closely packed and ordered HBC arrays with the poly(ene-yne) backbones stretching along the column direction, based on a variety of experimental evidence. A thin-film transistor based on this irradiated film gave a highest mobility of 1.5 cm2 V-1 s-1 along the column direction, which is a 3 orders of magnitude improvement over that of the monomeric film. However, for those with a diacetylenic unit extended farther away from the core, cross-linking between neighboring columns was suggested to occur and no mobility can be measured for devices based on those films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Ju Lin
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wen Yang
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Hui Chen
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tai Tao
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
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7
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Aizawa T, Aratsu K, Datta S, Mashimo T, Seki T, Kajitani T, Silly F, Yagai S. Hydrogen bond-directed supramolecular polymorphism leading to soft and hard molecular ordering. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:4280-4283. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc01636e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Transformation of metastable supramolecular stacks of hydrogen-bonded rosettes composed of an ester-containing barbiturated naphthalene into crystalline nanosheets occurs through the rearrangement of hydrogen-bonding patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Aizawa
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Chiba University
- Chiba 263-85223
- Japan
| | - Keisuke Aratsu
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Chiba University
- Chiba 263-85223
- Japan
| | - Sougata Datta
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering
- Chiba University
- Chiba 263-8522
- Japan
| | - Takaki Mashimo
- Division of Applied Chemistry and Frontier Chemistry Center (FCC) Faculty of Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo
- Japan
| | - Tomohiro Seki
- Division of Applied Chemistry and Frontier Chemistry Center (FCC) Faculty of Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo
- Japan
| | - Takashi Kajitani
- Suzukakedai Materials Analysis Division
- Technical Department
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama 226-8503
- Japan
| | | | - Shiki Yagai
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering
- Chiba University
- Chiba 263-8522
- Japan
- Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR)
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8
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Zeng W, Zhang W, Li X, Jin W, Zhang D. Hexabenzocoronene Graphitic Nanocoils Appended with Crown Ethers: Supramolecular Chirality Induced by Host-Guest Interaction. Chemistry 2019; 25:16692-16698. [PMID: 31591748 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
We have designed and synthesized two new achiral hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene (HBC) derivatives, HBCCE and HBCTEG-CE , which bear the crown ether as the pendant for the amino acid binding site. The HBCCE self-assembled into a racemic mixture of P- and M-handed helical nanocoils, however, in the presence of chiral amino acid guests, it formed helical nanocoils with one-handed screw sense. The effects of the concentration, type and configuration of the guests on the induced circular dichroism (ICD) during the co-assembly of HBCCE with chiral amino acids were also investigated. Additionally, after complete removal of the chiral guests, the optically active nanocoils did not racemize, even in the presence of excess amino acids with the opposite configuration. In contrast, HBCTEG-CE with a long triethylene glycol (TEG) chain between the crown ether group and the HBC unit did not exhibit ICD during the co-assembly with chiral amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Zeng
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
| | - Xianying Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Wusong Jin
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Dengqing Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
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9
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Lin FJ, Chen HH, Tao YT. Molecularly Aligned Hexa- peri-hexabenzocoronene Films by Brush-Coating and Their Application in Thin-Film Transistors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:10801-10809. [PMID: 30793587 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b00873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The facile Chinese brush-coating method was used to prepare oriented thin films of hexa- peri-hexabenzocoronene (HBC) derivatives on the silicon substrate. As a result of the directional solution-coating, the D3 h-symmetry (HBC-1,3,5-Ph-C12) and the C1-symmetry (HBC-1,2,4-Ph-C12) derivatives displayed an anisotropic alignment, with mostly edge-on orientation on SiO2 surfaces modified with various silane-based monolayers. On these silane-modified surfaces, the higher symmetry molecule HBC-1,3,5-Ph-C12 developed a hexagonally packed superstructure, which provided greater π orbital overlap and presumably the electronic coupling between neighboring molecules. In particular, the use of an octyltrichlorosilane (OTS)-modified surface enabled brush-coated thin films to have higher anisotropic orientation, crystallinity, and favorable molecular arrangement. In contrast, the growth of the hexagonal packing of low-symmetry derivative HBC-1,2,4-Ph-C12 was only achieved on the phenyltrichlorosilane and OTS surfaces. Thin-film transistors based on these brush-coated films gave a maximum mobility of 0.1 and 0.056 cm2 V-1 s-1, which are 2 orders of magnitude improvement over the devices with unoriented films prepared by spin-coating. The results indicate that the molecular packing of discotic liquid crystals on the silane-modified surface is sensitively influenced by the molecular symmetry, which affects intermolecular interactions as well as molecule/surface interactions. This study provides a simple way to fabricate aligned films for HBC derivatives for transistor application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Ju Lin
- Institute of Chemistry , Academia Sinica , 115 Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Hui Chen
- Department of Chemistry , National Kaohsiung Normal University , 824 Kaohsiung , Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tai Tao
- Institute of Chemistry , Academia Sinica , 115 Taipei , Taiwan
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10
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Smith JN, Hook JM, Lucas NT. Superphenylphosphines: Nanographene-Based Ligands That Control Coordination Geometry and Drive Supramolecular Assembly. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:1131-1141. [PMID: 29253338 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b12251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Tertiary phosphines remain widely utilized in synthesis, most notably as supporting ligands in metal complexes. A series of triarylphosphines bearing one to three hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene (HBC) substituents has been prepared by an efficient divergent route. These "superphenylphosphines", P{HBC(t-Bu)5}nPh3-n (n = 1-3), form the palladium complexes PdCl2L2 and Pd2Cl4L2 where the isomer distribution in solution is dependent on the number of HBC substituents. The crystalline structures of five complexes all show intramolecular π-stacking between HBC-phosphines to form a supramolecular bidentate-like ligand that distorts the metal coordination geometry. When n = 2 or 3, the additional HBC substituents engage in intermolecular π-stacking to assemble the complexes into continuous ribbons or sheets. The phosphines adopt HBC's characteristics including strong optical absorption, green emission, and redox activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan N Smith
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Otago , Union Place, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - James M Hook
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales , Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Nigel T Lucas
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Otago , Union Place, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
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11
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Hu Y, Dössel LF, Wang XY, Mahesh S, Pisula W, De Feyter S, Feng X, Müllen K, Narita A. Synthesis, Photophysical Characterization, and Self-Assembly of Hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene/Benzothiadiazole Donor-Acceptor Structure. Chempluschem 2017; 82:1030-1033. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201700162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunbin Hu
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Lukas F. Dössel
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Xiao-Ye Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Sankarapillai Mahesh
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics; Department of Chemistry; KU Leuven; Celestijnenlaan, 200 F 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Wojciech Pisula
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
- Department of Molecular Physics; Faculty of Chemistry; Lodz University of Technology; Zeromskiego 116 90-924 Lodz Poland
| | - Steven De Feyter
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics; Department of Chemistry; KU Leuven; Celestijnenlaan, 200 F 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed); & Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry; Dresden University of Technology; Walther-Hempel-Bau Mommsenstrasse 4 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Akimitsu Narita
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
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12
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Room temperature homeotropic alignment of mixed-stacking columns of H6TP donors and PDI acceptors by charge transfer interactions and size match. J Mol Liq 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2016.10.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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13
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Kotwica K, Kostyuchenko AS, Data P, Marszalek T, Skorka L, Jaroch T, Kacka S, Zagorska M, Nowakowski R, Monkman AP, Fisyuk AS, Pisula W, Pron A. Star-Shaped Conjugated Molecules with Oxa- or Thiadiazole Bithiophene Side Arms. Chemistry 2016; 22:11795-806. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Kotwica
- Faculty of Chemistry; Warsaw University of Technology; Noakowskiego 3 00664 Warsaw Poland
| | - Anastasia S. Kostyuchenko
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Omsk F. M. Dostoevsky State University; Mira av. 55A Omsk Russian Federation
- Laboratory of New Organic Materials; Omsk State Technical University; Mira av. 11 Omsk 644050 Russian Federation
| | - Przemyslaw Data
- Physics Department; University of Durham; South Road Durham DH1 3LE United Kingdom
| | - Tomasz Marszalek
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Lukasz Skorka
- Faculty of Chemistry; Warsaw University of Technology; Noakowskiego 3 00664 Warsaw Poland
| | - Tomasz Jaroch
- Institute of Physical Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Sylwia Kacka
- Faculty of Chemistry; Warsaw University of Technology; Noakowskiego 3 00664 Warsaw Poland
| | - Malgorzata Zagorska
- Faculty of Chemistry; Warsaw University of Technology; Noakowskiego 3 00664 Warsaw Poland
| | - Robert Nowakowski
- Institute of Physical Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Andrew P. Monkman
- Physics Department; University of Durham; South Road Durham DH1 3LE United Kingdom
| | - Alexander S. Fisyuk
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Omsk F. M. Dostoevsky State University; Mira av. 55A Omsk Russian Federation
- Laboratory of New Organic Materials; Omsk State Technical University; Mira av. 11 Omsk 644050 Russian Federation
| | - Wojciech Pisula
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
- Department of Molecular Physics; Faculty of Chemistry; Lodz University of Technology; Zeromskiego 116 90-924 Lodz Poland
| | - Adam Pron
- Faculty of Chemistry; Warsaw University of Technology; Noakowskiego 3 00664 Warsaw Poland
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14
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Suzuki M, Kotyk JFK, Khan SI, Rubin Y. Directing the Crystallization of Dehydro[24]annulenes into Supramolecular Nanotubular Scaffolds. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:5939-56. [PMID: 27088651 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b01939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The self-assembly of a series of dehydro[24]annulene derivatives into columnar stacks has been examined for its latent ability to form π-conjugated carbon-rich nanotubular structures through topochemical polymerizations. We have studied the parameters affecting self-assembly, including the nature of the substituent and crystallization conditions, using 10 different dehydro[24]annulene derivatives. In particular, hydrogen-bonding interactions through carbamate groups were found to be especially useful at directing the formation of nanotubular supramolecular assemblies. We have also evaluated the electronic coupling between neighboring dehydroannulene molecules within these supramolecular assemblies. Density functional calculations on the stacked supramolecular nanotube assemblies show that transfer integrals vary considerably between the three columnar assemblies, ranging from moderate to high (59-98 meV for the highest occupied molecular orbitals, 63-97 meV for the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals), depending on the local molecular topology. In addition, the dehydro[24]annulene derivatives afforded distinct architectures in the crystal, including nanochannel arrays, sheets with solvent-filled pores, and lamellae. This work is an essential step toward a controlled formation of covalently linked carbon-rich nanostructures generated from molecular precursors with a latent diacetylene reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuharu Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles , 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Juliet F Khosrowabadi Kotyk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles , 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Saeed I Khan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles , 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Yves Rubin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles , 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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15
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Wöhrle T, Wurzbach I, Kirres J, Kostidou A, Kapernaum N, Litterscheidt J, Haenle JC, Staffeld P, Baro A, Giesselmann F, Laschat S. Discotic Liquid Crystals. Chem Rev 2015; 116:1139-241. [PMID: 26483267 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 422] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Wöhrle
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Iris Wurzbach
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jochen Kirres
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Antonia Kostidou
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Nadia Kapernaum
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Juri Litterscheidt
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Johannes Christian Haenle
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Peter Staffeld
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Angelika Baro
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Frank Giesselmann
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Sabine Laschat
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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16
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Hinkel F, Cho D, Pisula W, Baumgarten M, Müllen K. Alternating Donor-Acceptor Arrays from Hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene and Benzothiadiazole: Synthesis, Optical Properties, and Self-Assembly. Chemistry 2014; 21:86-90. [PMID: 25410616 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Hinkel
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz (Germany), Fax: (+49) 6131-379-350
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17
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Kojima T, Hiraoka S. Selective Alternate Derivatization of the Hexaphenylbenzene Framework through a Thermodynamically Controlled Halogen Dance. Org Lett 2014; 16:1024-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol500041j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuo Kojima
- Department of Integrated
Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Shuichi Hiraoka
- Department of Integrated
Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
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18
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Bachar N, Liberman L, Muallem F, Feng X, Müllen K, Haick H. Sensor Arrays Based on Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Chemiresistors versus Quartz-Crystal Microbalance. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:11641-11653. [PMID: 24147727 DOI: 10.1021/am403067t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Arrays of broadly cross-reactive sensors are key elements of smart, self-training sensing systems. Chemically sensitive resistors and quartz-crystal microbalance (QCM) sensors are attractive for sensing applications that involve detection and classification of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the gas phase. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) derivatives as sensing materials can provide good sensitivity and robust selectivity towards different polar and nonpolar VOCs, while being quite tolerant to large humidity variations. Here, we present a comparative study of chemiresistor and QCM arrays based on a set of custom-designed PAH derivatives having either purely nonpolar coronas or alternating nonpolar and strongly polar side chain termination. The arrays were exposed to various concentrations of representative polar and nonpolar VOCs under extremely varying humidity conditions (5-80% RH). The sensor arrays' classification ability of VOC polarity, chemical class and compound separation was explained in terms of the sensing characteristics of the constituent sensors and their interaction with the VOCs. The results presented here contribute to the development of novel versatile and cost-effective real-world VOC sensing platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadav Bachar
- The Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology , Haifa 3200003, Israel
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19
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Angelova P, Vieker H, Weber NE, Matei D, Reimer O, Meier I, Kurasch S, Biskupek J, Lorbach D, Wunderlich K, Chen L, Terfort A, Klapper M, Müllen K, Kaiser U, Gölzhäuser A, Turchanin A. A universal scheme to convert aromatic molecular monolayers into functional carbon nanomembranes. ACS NANO 2013; 7:6489-6497. [PMID: 23802686 DOI: 10.1021/nn402652f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Free-standing nanomembranes with molecular or atomic thickness are currently explored for separation technologies, electronics, and sensing. Their engineering with well-defined structural and functional properties is a challenge for materials research. Here we present a broadly applicable scheme to create mechanically stable carbon nanomembranes (CNMs) with a thickness of ~0.5 to ~3 nm. Monolayers of polyaromatic molecules (oligophenyls, hexaphenylbenzene, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) were assembled and exposed to electrons that cross-link them into CNMs; subsequent pyrolysis converts the CNMs into graphene sheets. In this transformation the thickness, porosity, and surface functionality of the nanomembranes are determined by the monolayers, and structural and functional features are passed on from the molecules through their monolayers to the CNMs and finally on to the graphene. Our procedure is scalable to large areas and allows the engineering of ultrathin nanomembranes by controlling the composition and structure of precursor molecules and their monolayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina Angelova
- Faculty of Physics, University of Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
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20
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Bayn A, Feng X, Müllen K, Haick H. Field effect transistors based on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons for the detection and classification of volatile organic compounds. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:3431-3440. [PMID: 23506483 DOI: 10.1021/am4005144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We show that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) based field effect transistor (FET) arrays can serve as excellent chemical sensors for the detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) under confounding humidity conditions. Using these sensors, w/o complementary pattern recognition methods, we study the ability of PAH-FET(s) to: (i) discriminate between aromatic and non-aromatic VOCs; (ii) distinguish polar and non-polar non-aromatic compounds; and to (iii) identify specific VOCs within the subgroups (i.e., aromatic compounds, polar non-aromatic compounds, non-polar non-aromatic compounds). We further study the effect of water vapor on the sensor array's discriminative ability and derive patterns that are stable when exposed to different constant values of background humidity. Patterns based on different independent electronic features from an array of PAH-FETs may bring us one step closer to creating a unique fingerprint for individual VOCs in real-world applications in atmospheres with varying levels of humidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alona Bayn
- The Department of Chemical Engineering and the Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
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21
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Chou CE, Li Y, Che Y, Zang L, Peng Z. Synthesis, self-assembly and photovoltaic applications of tribenzopentaphene derivatives. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra43392g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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22
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Strategies in Organic Synthesis for Condensed Arenes, Coronene, and Graphene. POLYARENES I 2013; 349:121-57. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2013_465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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23
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Bachar N, Mintz L, Zilberman Y, Ionescu R, Feng X, Müllen K, Haick H. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon for the detection of nonpolar analytes under counteracting humidity conditions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2012; 4:4960-4965. [PMID: 22934625 DOI: 10.1021/am3013328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Real-world samples contain reducing and oxidizing chemical agents as well as large and small (bio)molecules, which are polar or nonpolar in nature. Sensing nonpolar analytes, which is of paramount importance for a wide variety of applications, is generally more difficult to achieve than sensing polar analytes. Here, we report on empirical observations of a unique polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon derivative, referred as PAH-A, whose structure has a triangular-shaped aromatic core (with a carbon number of 60) and contains hydrophobic mesogens terminated with hydrophobic alkyl chains. We show that films made of PAH-A enable excellent sensitivity to nonpolar analytes, compared to polar analytes, in a setting of 5-40% counteracting relative humidity. This finding is based on monitoring the changes in the physical/optical properties of thin PAH-A films upon exposure to nonpolar and polar analytes, by means of quartz crystal microbalance and spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements. A comparison with other polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon derivatives with different cores or organic functionalities is provided and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadav Bachar
- The Department of Chemical Engineering and the Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
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24
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Lai LL, Hsu SJ, Hsu HC, Wang SW, Cheng KL, Chen CJ, Wang TH, Hsu HF. Formation of Columnar Liquid Crystals on the Basis of Unconventional Triazine-Based Dendrimers by theC3-Symmetric Approach. Chemistry 2012; 18:6542-7. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201103423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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25
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Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are in a class of functional organic compounds with increasing importance in organic electronics. Their tunable photophysical properties and typically strong intermolecular associations make them ideal materials in applications where control of charge mobility is essential. Hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene (HBC) is a disc-shaped PAH that self-associates into columnar stacks through strong π–π interactions. By decorating the periphery of the HBC molecule with various substituents, a range of properties and functions can be obtained including solution processability, liquid crystallinity, and semiconductivity. In this review article, the synthesis, properties, and functions of HBC derivatives are presented with focus on work published in the last five years.
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26
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Bhattacharjee CR, Datta C, Das G, Chakrabarty R, Mondal P. Induction of photoluminescence and columnar mesomorphism in hemi-disc salphen type Schiff bases via nickel(II) coordination. Polyhedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2011.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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27
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Ionescu R, Broza Y, Shaltieli H, Sadeh D, Zilberman Y, Feng X, Glass-Marmor L, Lejbkowicz I, Müllen K, Miller A, Haick H. Detection of multiple sclerosis from exhaled breath using bilayers of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and single-wall carbon nanotubes. ACS Chem Neurosci 2011; 2:687-93. [PMID: 22860162 DOI: 10.1021/cn2000603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2011] [Accepted: 09/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A cross-reactive array of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and single wall carbon nanotube bilayers was designed for the detection of volatile organic compounds (tentatively, hexanal and 5-methyl-undecane) that identify the presence of disease in the exhaled breath of patients with multiple sclerosis. The sensors showed excellent discrimination between hexanal, 5-methyl-undecane, and other confounding volatile organic compounds. Results obtained from a clinical study consisting of 51 volunteers showed that the sensors could discriminate between multiple sclerosis and healthy states from exhaled breath samples with 85.3% sensitivity, 70.6% specificity, and 80.4% accuracy. These results open new frontiers in the development of a fast, noninvasive, and inexpensive medical diagnostic tool for the detection and identification of multiple sclerosis. The results could serve also as a launching pad for the discrimination between different subphases or stages of multiple sclerosis as well as for the identification of multiple sclerosis patients who would respond well to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radu Ionescu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Yoav Broza
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Hila Shaltieli
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Dvir Sadeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Yael Zilberman
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, Postfach 3148, D-55021 Mainz, Germany
| | - Lea Glass-Marmor
- Division of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Center, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa 34362, Israel
- Pharmacogenetics & Personalized Medicine Center, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine & Research Institute, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 31096, Israel
| | - Izabella Lejbkowicz
- Division of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Center, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa 34362, Israel
- Pharmacogenetics & Personalized Medicine Center, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine & Research Institute, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 31096, Israel
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, Postfach 3148, D-55021 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ariel Miller
- Division of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Center, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa 34362, Israel
- Pharmacogenetics & Personalized Medicine Center, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine & Research Institute, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 31096, Israel
| | - Hossam Haick
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
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28
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Wang S, Dössel L, Mavrinskiy A, Gao P, Feng X, Pisula W, Müllen K. Self-assembly and microstructural control of a hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene-perylene diimide dyad by solvent vapor diffusion. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2011; 7:2841-2846. [PMID: 21898792 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201100730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2011] [Revised: 05/24/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Suhao Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz, Germany
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29
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Zilberman Y, Ionescu R, Feng X, Müllen K, Haick H. Nanoarray of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and carbon nanotubes for accurate and predictive detection in real-world environmental humidity. ACS NANO 2011; 5:6743-6753. [PMID: 21774511 DOI: 10.1021/nn202314k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, we introduce a cross-reactive array of synthetically designed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) bilayers and demonstrate the huge potential of the array in discriminating between polar and nonpolar volatile organic compounds (VOCs), as well as between the different VOCs from each subgroup. Using appropriate combinations of PAH/SWCNT sensors, we demonstrate that high sensitivity and accuracy values can be obtained for discriminating polar and nonpolar VOCs in samples with variable humidity levels (5-80% RH). The same array of sensors exhibited self-learning capabilities that facilitated exchanging information about environmental properties under observation. The results presented here could lead to the development of a cost-effective, lightweight, low-power, and non-invasive tool for a widespread detection of VOCs in real-world environmental, security, food, health, and other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Zilberman
- The Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
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30
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Nussbaumer AL, Studer D, Malinovskii VL, Häner R. Amplification of Chirality by Supramolecular Polymerization of Pyrene Oligomers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:5490-4. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201100677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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31
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Nussbaumer AL, Studer D, Malinovskii VL, Häner R. Amplification of Chirality by Supramolecular Polymerization of Pyrene Oligomers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201100677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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32
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Seki T, Asano A, Seki S, Kikkawa Y, Murayama H, Karatsu T, Kitamura A, Yagai S. Rational construction of perylene bisimide columnar superstructures with a biased helical sense. Chemistry 2011; 17:3598-608. [PMID: 21365708 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201003540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Discotic supramolecular complexes bearing six perylene bisimide (PBI) chromophores were prepared by mixing monotopically triple-hydrogen-bonding melamines equipped with two PBI chromophores and two 3,7-dimethyloctyl chiral handles with tritopically triple-hydrogen-bonding cyanuric acid (CA). UV/Vis and fluorescence titration experiments demonstrated that the discotic complexes were formed in methylcyclohexane by the 3:1 complexation between the melamines and CA. TEM and AFM studies revealed that the complexes hierarchically organize into fibrous columnar assemblies, which eventually results in the formation of organogels. Circular dichroism (CD) and flash-photolysis time resolved microwave conductivity measurements revealed the presence of extended chiral stacks of PBI chromophores within the columns. The anisotropy factors of the columnar assemblies are remarkably high (g=1.5×10(-3)) when considering the presence of only one 3,7-dimethyloctyl chiral handle per perylene chromophore, suggesting that the columnar structures have a biased helical sense. The fact that the chiral centers are located inside the discotic complexes rather than at their peripheries might be unique structural property responsible for the rather strong optical activities for the assemblies of this chromophore. The effective transcription of the molecular chirality to the extended columnar assemblies through the formation of unique discotic complexes enables the expression of "majority-rules" chiral amplification effect, which is unprecedented for the supramolecular assemblies of PBIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Seki
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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33
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Mastalerz M, Estevez Rivera HJ, Oppel IM, Dyker G. Supramolecular single-stranded calix[4]arene helices—towards a crystal engineering approach of homochiral assemblies. CrystEngComm 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ce05234a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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34
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Pisula W, Feng X, Müllen K. Tuning the columnar organization of discotic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2010; 22:3634-3649. [PMID: 20652899 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201000585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Pisula
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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35
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Novel C3-symmetrical triphenylbenzene-based organogelators with different linkers between phenyl ring and alkyl chain. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.02.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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36
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Jiménez-García L, Kaltbeitzel A, Pisula W, Gutmann JS, Klapper M, Müllen K. Phosphonated hexaphenylbenzene: a crystalline proton conductor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 48:9951-3. [PMID: 19943290 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200902116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Jiménez-García
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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37
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Lee DC, Cao B, Jang K, Forster PM. Self-assembly of halogen substituted phenazines. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/b917601b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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38
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Jiménez-García L, Kaltbeitzel A, Pisula W, Gutmann J, Klapper M, Müllen K. Phosphoniertes Hexaphenylbenzol - ein kristalliner Protonenleiter. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200902116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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39
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Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have attracted enormous interest due to their unique electronic and optoelectronic properties as well as the potential applications in organic electronics. This article reviews the progress in the modern synthesis of large PAHs with different sizes, shapes, edge structures, and substituents. Due to their outstanding self-organization characteristics, the discotic liquid-crystalline properties, self-assembled nanostructures on the surfaces, as well as the application in electronic devices will be discussed.
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40
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Qiu H, Inoue Y, Che S. Supramolecular chiral transcription and recognition by mesoporous silica prepared by chiral imprinting of a helical micelle. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:3069-72. [PMID: 19309027 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200900303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Let's twist again: The chirality of a helical propeller-like micelle has been memorized by functional groups on the mesopore surface of chiral mesoporous silicas. Such imprinted supramolecular chirality can be transcripted to poly(propiolic acid) sodium salt and tetraphenylporphine tetrasulfonic acid (see picture), and recognized by B-DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huibin Qiu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, P. R. China
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Qiu H, Inoue Y, Che S. Supramolecular Chiral Transcription and Recognition by Mesoporous Silica Prepared by Chiral Imprinting of a Helical Micelle. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200900303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Percec V, Imam MR, Peterca M, Wilson DA, Graf R, Spiess HW, Balagurusamy VSK, Heiney PA. Self-Assembly of Dendronized Triphenylenes into Helical Pyramidal Columns and Chiral Spheres. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:7662-77. [DOI: 10.1021/ja8094944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Virgil Percec
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6396, and Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Mohammad R. Imam
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6396, and Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Mihai Peterca
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6396, and Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Daniela A. Wilson
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6396, and Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Robert Graf
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6396, and Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Hans W. Spiess
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6396, and Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Venkatachalapathy S. K. Balagurusamy
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6396, and Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Paul A. Heiney
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6396, and Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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Feng X, Pisula W, Kudernac T, Wu D, Zhi L, De Feyter S, Müllen K. Controlled Self-Assembly of C3-Symmetric Hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronenes with Alternating Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Substituents in Solution, in the Bulk, and on a Surface. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:4439-48. [DOI: 10.1021/ja808979t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinliang Feng
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany, Department of Chemistry, Division of Molecular and Nanomaterials, Laboratory of Photochemistry and Spectroscopy, and Institute of Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KULeuven), Celestijnenlaan 200 F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium, and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Zhongguancun, Beiyitiao 11, 100190 Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Wojciech Pisula
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany, Department of Chemistry, Division of Molecular and Nanomaterials, Laboratory of Photochemistry and Spectroscopy, and Institute of Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KULeuven), Celestijnenlaan 200 F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium, and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Zhongguancun, Beiyitiao 11, 100190 Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Tibor Kudernac
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany, Department of Chemistry, Division of Molecular and Nanomaterials, Laboratory of Photochemistry and Spectroscopy, and Institute of Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KULeuven), Celestijnenlaan 200 F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium, and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Zhongguancun, Beiyitiao 11, 100190 Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Dongqing Wu
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany, Department of Chemistry, Division of Molecular and Nanomaterials, Laboratory of Photochemistry and Spectroscopy, and Institute of Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KULeuven), Celestijnenlaan 200 F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium, and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Zhongguancun, Beiyitiao 11, 100190 Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Linjie Zhi
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany, Department of Chemistry, Division of Molecular and Nanomaterials, Laboratory of Photochemistry and Spectroscopy, and Institute of Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KULeuven), Celestijnenlaan 200 F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium, and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Zhongguancun, Beiyitiao 11, 100190 Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Steven De Feyter
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany, Department of Chemistry, Division of Molecular and Nanomaterials, Laboratory of Photochemistry and Spectroscopy, and Institute of Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KULeuven), Celestijnenlaan 200 F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium, and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Zhongguancun, Beiyitiao 11, 100190 Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany, Department of Chemistry, Division of Molecular and Nanomaterials, Laboratory of Photochemistry and Spectroscopy, and Institute of Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KULeuven), Celestijnenlaan 200 F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium, and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Zhongguancun, Beiyitiao 11, 100190 Beijing, P. R. China
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Treossi E, Liscio A, Feng X, Palermo V, Müllen K, Samorì P. Temperature-enhanced solvent vapor annealing of a C3 symmetric hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene: controlling the self-assembly from nano- to macroscale. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2009; 5:112-119. [PMID: 19130429 DOI: 10.1002/smll.200801002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Temperature-enhanced solvent vapor annealing (TESVA) is used to self-assemble functionalized polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon molecules into ordered macroscopic layers and crystals on solid surfaces. A novel C3 symmetric hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene functionalized with alternating hydrophilic and hydrophobic side chains is used as a model system since its multivalent character can be expected to offer unique self-assembly properties and behavior in different solvents. TESVA promotes the molecule's long-range mobility, as proven by their diffusion on a Si/SiO(x) surface on a scale of hundreds of micrometers. This leads to self-assembly into large, ordered crystals featuring an edge-on columnar type of arrangement, which differs from the morphologies obtained using conventional solution-processing methods such as spin-coating or drop-casting. The temperature modulation in the TESVA makes it possible to achieve an additional control over the role of hydrodynamic forces in the self-assembly at surfaces, leading to a macroscopic self-healing within the adsorbed film notably improved as compared to conventional solvent vapor annealing. This surface re-organization can be monitored in real time by optical and atomic force microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Treossi
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
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Lavigueur C, Foster EJ, Williams VE. Self-assembly of discotic mesogens in solution and in liquid crystalline phases: effects of substituent position and hydrogen bonding. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:11791-800. [PMID: 18693724 DOI: 10.1021/ja803406k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The effects of functional group position on the phase behavior of discotic mesogens was examined for a series of dibenzophenazine derivatives bearing a carboxylic acid, methyl carboxylate, or nitro group. In all cases, changing the position of the group from the "top" to the "side" of the aromatic core led to dramatic differences in the phase behavior, both in terms of the stability of the liquid crystalline phases as well as the types of mesophases formed. For the non-hydrogen bonding ester and nitro derivatives, moving the substituent to the side of the core led to a lowering of the clearing temperatures or loss of liquid crystallinity. Carboxylic acid derivatives exhibit broad mesophases irrespective of the position of the acid group, but mesogens bearing this group on the side of the core exclusively form Col(h) phases, whereas those with an acid group on the top of the core exhibit more varied mesomorphism, with the formation of Col(h), Col(r), and nematic phases. Contrary to expectations, the presence of a carboxylic acid group on the side of the core does not appear to lead to the formation of dimeric structures in the liquid crystalline phase, although the columnar structures appear to be stabilized by intermolecular hydrogen bonding along the columns. These derivatives also form pi-stacked dimers in solution; the structure of these dimers are consistent with the proposed structure of the columnar phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Lavigueur
- 4D LABS and Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada, V5A 1S6
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