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Petrus E, Buils J, Garay-Ruiz D, Segado-Centellas M, Bo C. POMSimulator: An open-source tool for predicting the aqueous speciation and self-assembly mechanisms of polyoxometalates. J Comput Chem 2024; 45:2242-2250. [PMID: 38826122 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.27389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Elucidating the speciation (in terms of concentration versus pH) and understanding the formation mechanisms of polyoxometalates remains a significant challenge, both in experimental and computational domains. POMSimulator is a new methodology that tackles this problem from a purely computational perspective. The methodology uses results from quantum mechanics based methods to automatically set up the chemical reaction network, and to build speciation models. As a result, it becomes possible to predict speciation and phase diagrams, as well as to derive new insights into the formation mechanisms of large molecular clusters. In this work we present the main features of the first open-source version of the software. Since the first report [Chem. Sci. 2020, 11, 8448-8456], POMSimulator has undergone several improvements to keep up with the growing challenges that were tackled. After four years of research, we recognize that the source code is sufficiently stable to share a polished and user-friendly version. The Python code, manual, examples, and install instructions can be found at https://github.com/petrusen/pomsimulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enric Petrus
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, EAWAG: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Jordi Buils
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Diego Garay-Ruiz
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Tarragona, Spain
| | - Mireia Segado-Centellas
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Carles Bo
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
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2
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Geue N. Modern Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Techniques for the Characterization of Supramolecules and Coordination Compounds. Anal Chem 2024; 96:7332-7341. [PMID: 38686955 PMCID: PMC11099892 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry is routinely used for myriad applications in clinical, industrial, and research laboratories worldwide. Developments in the areas of ionization sources, high-resolution mass analyzers, tandem mass spectrometry, and ion mobility have significantly extended the repertoire of mass spectrometrists; however, for coordination compounds and supramolecules, mass spectrometry remains underexplored and arguably underappreciated. Here, the reader is guided through different tools of modern electrospray ionization mass spectrometry that are suitable for larger inorganic complexes. All steps, from sample preparation and technical details to data analysis and interpretation are discussed. The main target audience of this tutorial is synthetic chemists as well as technicians/mass spectrometrists with little experience in characterizing labile inorganic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Geue
- Michael Barber Centre for Collaborative
Mass Spectrometry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom
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3
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Liu CL, Moussawi MA, Kalandia G, Salazar Marcano DE, Shepard WE, Parac-Vogt TN. Cavity-Directed Synthesis of Labile Polyoxometalates for Catalysis in Confined Spaces. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202401940. [PMID: 38408301 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202401940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The artificial microenvironments inside coordination cages have gained significant attention for performing enzyme-like catalytic reactions by facilitating the formation of labile and complex molecules through a "ship-in-a-bottle" approach. Despite many fascinating examples, this approach remains scarcely explored in the context of synthesizing metallic clusters such as polyoxometalates (POMs). The development of innovative approaches to control and influence the speciation of POMs in aqueous solutions would greatly advance their applicability and could ultimately lead to the formation of elusive clusters that cannot be synthesized by using traditional methods. In this study, we employ host-guest stabilization within a coordination cage to enable a novel cavity-directed synthesis of labile POMs in aqueous solutions under mild conditions. The elusive Lindqvist [M6O19]2- (M=Mo or W) POMs were successfully synthesized at room temperature via the condensation of molybdate or tungstate building blocks within the confined cavity of a robust and water-soluble Pt6L4(NO3)12 coordination cage. Importantly, the encapsulation of these POMs enhances their stability in water, rendering them efficient catalysts for environmentally friendly and selective sulfoxidation reactions using H2O2 as a green oxidant in a pure aqueous medium. The approach developed in this paper offers a means to synthesize and stabilize the otherwise unstable metal-oxo clusters in water, which can broaden the scope of their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui-Lian Liu
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mhamad Aly Moussawi
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Givi Kalandia
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - William E Shepard
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Départementale 128, 91190, Saint-Aubin, France
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4
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Geue N, Winpenny REP, Barran PE. Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry for Large Synthetic Molecules: Expanding the Analytical Toolbox. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:8800-8819. [PMID: 38498971 PMCID: PMC10996010 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c00354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the composition, structure and stability of larger synthetic molecules is crucial for their design, yet currently the analytical tools commonly used do not always provide this information. In this perspective, we show how ion mobility mass spectrometry (IM-MS), in combination with tandem mass spectrometry, complementary techniques and computational methods, can be used to structurally characterize synthetic molecules, make and predict new complexes, monitor disassembly processes and determine stability. Using IM-MS, we present an experimental and computational framework for the analysis and design of complex molecular architectures such as (metallo)supramolecular cages, nanoclusters, interlocked molecules, rotaxanes, dendrimers, polymers and host-guest complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Geue
- Michael
Barber Centre for Collaborative Mass Spectrometry, Manchester Institute
of Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, U.K.
| | - Richard E. P. Winpenny
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Perdita E. Barran
- Michael
Barber Centre for Collaborative Mass Spectrometry, Manchester Institute
of Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, U.K.
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5
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Petrus E, Garay-Ruiz D, Reiher M, Bo C. Multi-Time-Scale Simulation of Complex Reactive Mixtures: How Do Polyoxometalates Form? J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:18920-18930. [PMID: 37496164 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c05514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the dynamics of reactive mixtures still challenges both experiments and theory. A relevant example can be found in the chemistry of molecular metal-oxide nanoclusters, also known as polyoxometalates. The high number of species potentially involved, the interconnectivity of the reaction network, and the precise control of the pH and concentrations needed in the synthesis of such species make the theoretical/computational treatment of such processes cumbersome. This work addresses this issue relying on a unique combination of recently developed computational methods that tackle the construction, kinetic simulation, and analysis of complex chemical reaction networks. By using the Bell-Evans-Polanyi approximation for estimating activation energies, and an accurate and robust linear scaling for correcting the computed pKa values, we report herein multi-time-scale kinetic simulations for the self-assembly processes of polyoxotungstates that comprise 22 orders of magnitude, from tens of femtoseconds to months of reaction time. This very large time span was required to reproduce very fast processes such as the acid/base equilibria (at 10-12 s), relatively slow reactions such as the formation of key clusters such as the metatungstate (at 103 s), and the very slow assembly of the decatungstate (at 106 s). Analysis of the kinetic data and of the reaction network topology shed light onto the details of the main reaction mechanisms, which explains the origin of kinetic and thermodynamic control followed by the reaction. Simulations at alkaline pH fully reproduce experimental evidence since clusters do not form under those conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enric Petrus
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Avenida Països Catalans, 16, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Diego Garay-Ruiz
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Avenida Països Catalans, 16, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Markus Reiher
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Carles Bo
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Avenida Països Catalans, 16, Tarragona 43007, Spain
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Marcel•li Domingo s/n, Tarragona 43007, Spain
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6
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Steffler F, Haiduke RL. Investigating the electronic excitations in Polyoxoniobates: (Nb6O19)8−, (Nb10O28)6− and (XNb12O40)Y with (X=As, P, Si, Ge) and (Y=15− and 16−). J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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7
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Abstract
Half a century ago, F. Albert Cotton emphasized the relevance of metal-metal bonding in the constitution of cluster materials. Based on his description, nanoscale polyoxometalates (POMs) normally would not be regarded as cluster materials. One reason is that metal-metal bonding is typically associated with inorganic systems featuring metal centres in low oxidation states, a feature that is not common for POMs. However, over the past decades, there have been increasing reports on POMs integrating different types of metal-metal bonding. This article conceptualises and reviews the area of metal-metal bonded POMs, and their preparation and physicochemical properties. Attention is given to the changes in the electronic structure of POMs, the emergence of covalent dynamics and its impact on the development of applications in catalysis, nanoswitches, donor-acceptor systems, electron storage materials and nanoelectronics (i.e., "POMtronics").
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandar Kondinski
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive Cambridge CB3 0AS, United Kingdom.
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8
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Petrus E, Bo C. Unlocking Phase Diagrams for Molybdenum and Tungsten Nanoclusters and Prediction of their Formation Constants. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:5212-5219. [PMID: 34086467 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c03292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Understanding and controlling aqueous speciation of metal oxides are key for the discovery and development of novel materials, and challenge both experimental and computational approaches. Here we present a computational method, called POMSimulator, which is able to predict speciation phase diagrams (Conc. vs pH) for multispecies chemical equilibria in solution, and which we apply to molybdenum and tungsten isopolyoxoanions (IPAs). Starting from the MO4 monomers, and considering dimers, trimers, and larger species, the chemical reaction networks involved in the formation of [H32Mo36O128]8- and [W12O42]12- are sampled in an automatic manner. This information is used for setting up ∼105 speciation models, and from there, we generate the speciation phase diagrams, which show an insightful picture of the behavior of IPAs in aqueous solution. Furthermore, we predict the values of 107 formation constants for a diversity of molybdenum and tungsten molecular oxides. Among these species, we could include several pentagonal-shaped species and very reactive tungsten intermediates as well. Last but not least, the calibration employed for correcting the density functional theory (DFT) Gibbs energies is remarkably similar for both metals, which suggests that a general rule might exist for correcting computed free energies for other metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enric Petrus
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans, 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Carles Bo
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans, 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,Departament de Química Física i Inorgánica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Marcel•lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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9
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Zhang W, Lin Z, Chi Y, Hong J, Yan L, Hu C. Assembly of Three Scandium-containing Heteropolytungstates Based on a Building-block Synthetic Strategy. Chem Res Chin Univ 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-020-0152-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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10
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Salley D, Keenan GA, Long DL, Bell NL, Cronin L. A Modular Programmable Inorganic Cluster Discovery Robot for the Discovery and Synthesis of Polyoxometalates. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2020; 6:1587-1593. [PMID: 32999934 PMCID: PMC7517417 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c00415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The exploration of complex multicomponent chemical reactions leading to new clusters, where discovery requires both molecular self-assembly and crystallization, is a major challenge. This is because the systematic approach required for an experimental search is limited when the number of parameters in a chemical space becomes too large, restricting both exploration and reproducibility. Herein, we present a synthetic strategy to systematically search a very large set of potential reactions, using an inexpensive, high-throughput platform that is modular in terms of both hardware and software and is capable of running multiple reactions with in-line analysis, for the automation of inorganic and materials chemistry. The platform has been used to explore several inorganic chemical spaces to discover new and reproduce known tungsten-based, mixed transition-metal polyoxometalate clusters, giving a digital code that allows the easy repeat synthesis of the clusters. Among the many species identified in this work, the most significant is the discovery of a novel, purely inorganic W24FeIII-superoxide cluster formed under ambient conditions. The modular wheel platform was employed to undertake two chemical space explorations, producing compounds 1-4: (C2H8N)10Na2[H6Fe(O2)W24O82] (1, {W24Fe}), (C2H8N)72Na16[H16Co8W200O660(H2O)40] (2, {W200Co8}), (C2H8N)72Na16[H16Ni8W200O660(H2O)40] (3, {W200Ni8}), and (C2H8N)14[H26W34V4O130] (4, {W34V4}), along with many other known species, such as simple Keggin clusters and 1D {W11M2+} chains.
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11
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Petrus E, Segado M, Bo C. Nucleation mechanisms and speciation of metal oxide clusters. Chem Sci 2020; 11:8448-8456. [PMID: 34123104 PMCID: PMC8163382 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc03530k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The self-assembly mechanisms of polyoxometalates (POMs) are still a matter of discussion owing to the difficult task of identifying all the chemical species and reactions involved. We present a new computational methodology that identifies the reaction mechanism for the formation of metal-oxide clusters and provides a speciation model from first-principles and in an automated manner. As a first example, we apply our method to the formation of octamolybdate. In our model, we include variables such as pH, temperature and ionic force because they have a determining effect on driving the reaction to a specific product. Making use of graphs, we set up and solved 2.8 × 105 multi-species chemical equilibrium (MSCE) non-linear equations and found which set of reactions fitted best with the experimental data available. The agreement between computed and experimental speciation diagrams is excellent. Furthermore, we discovered a strong linear dependence between DFT and empirical formation constants, which opens the door for a systematic rescaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enric Petrus
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) Av. Països Catalans, 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Mireia Segado
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) Av. Països Catalans, 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Carles Bo
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) Av. Països Catalans, 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgánica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili Marcel·lí Domingo s/n 43007 Tarragona Spain
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12
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Yang Y, Qian Y, Li H, Zhang Z, Mu Y, Do D, Zhou B, Dong J, Yan W, Qin Y, Fang L, Feng R, Zhou J, Zhang P, Dong J, Yu G, Liu Y, Zhang X, Fan X. O-coordinated W-Mo dual-atom catalyst for pH-universal electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaba6586. [PMID: 32548271 PMCID: PMC7274769 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba6586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Single-atom catalysts (SACs) maximize the utility efficiency of metal atoms and offer great potential for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Bimetal atom catalysts are an appealing strategy in virtue of the synergistic interaction of neighboring metal atoms, which can further improve the intrinsic HER activity beyond SACs. However, the rational design of these systems remains conceptually challenging and requires in-depth research both experimentally and theoretically. Here, we develop a dual-atom catalyst (DAC) consisting of O-coordinated W-Mo heterodimer embedded in N-doped graphene (W1Mo1-NG), which is synthesized by controllable self-assembly and nitridation processes. In W1Mo1-NG, the O-bridged W-Mo atoms are anchored in NG vacancies through oxygen atoms with W─O─Mo─O─C configuration, resulting in stable and finely distribution. The W1Mo1-NG DAC enables Pt-like activity and ultrahigh stability for HER in pH-universal electrolyte. The electron delocalization of W─O─Mo─O─C configuration provides optimal adsorption strength of H and boosts the HER kinetics, thereby notably promoting the intrinsic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Institute of Crystalline Materials, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
- Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Yumin Qian
- Texas Materials Institute and Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Haijing Li
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhenhua Zhang
- Innovative Center for Advanced Materials, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Yuewen Mu
- Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - David Do
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Bo Zhou
- Institute of Microstructure and Properties of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jing Dong
- Institute of Crystalline Materials, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Wenjun Yan
- Analytical Instrumentation Center, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Yong Qin
- Analytical Instrumentation Center, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Li Fang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Renfei Feng
- Canadian Light Source, Saskatoon, SK S7N2V3, Canada
| | - Jigang Zhou
- Canadian Light Source, Saskatoon, SK S7N2V3, Canada
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Juncai Dong
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guihua Yu
- Texas Materials Institute and Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Yuanyue Liu
- Texas Materials Institute and Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Xianming Zhang
- Institute of Crystalline Materials, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen, Shanxi 041001, China
- Corresponding author. (X.Z.); (X.F.)
| | - Xiujun Fan
- Institute of Crystalline Materials, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen, Shanxi 041001, China
- Corresponding author. (X.Z.); (X.F.)
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13
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Healy C, Steuber FW, Wix P, Macreadie LK, Kathalikkattil AC, Schmitt W. Assembly, disassembly and reassembly: a "top-down" synthetic strategy towards hybrid, mixed-metal {Mo 10Co 6} POM clusters. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:3018-3027. [PMID: 30747935 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt00075e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Polyoxometalates (POMs) are commonly prepared using a "bottom-up" synthetic procedure. The alternative "top-down" approach of disassembling a pre-formed POM unit to generate new synthetic intermediates is promising, but relatively comparatively underused. In this paper, a rationale for the top-down method is provided, demonstrating that this approach can generate compounds that are fundamentally inaccessible from simple bottom-up assembly. We demonstrate this principle through the synthesis of a series of 10, new, mixed-metal, hybrid compounds with the general formula [TBA]2[MoVI10CoII6O30(RpPO3)6(RcCOO)2(L)x(H2O)6] (TBA = tetrabutylammonium, Rp = phosphonate moiety, Rc = carboxylate moiety, L = pyridyl ligand, and x = 2-4), including a one-dimensional polyoxometalate-based coordination polymer. We propose that these structures are generated from {MoxO3x-1} fragments that cannot be accessed from bottom-up assembly alone. The POM clusters are stabilised by three distinct classes of organic ligand - organophosphonate, carboxylate and pyridyl ligands - which can each be substituted independantly, thus providing a controlled route to ligand functionalisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colm Healy
- School of Chemistry and CRANN, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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14
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Falaise C, Moussawi MA, Floquet S, Abramov PA, Sokolov MN, Haouas M, Cadot E. Probing Dynamic Library of Metal-Oxo Building Blocks with γ-Cyclodextrin. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:11198-11201. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b07525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Clément Falaise
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, UVSQ, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Versailles 78000, France
| | - Mhamad Aly Moussawi
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, UVSQ, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Versailles 78000, France
| | - Sébastien Floquet
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, UVSQ, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Versailles 78000, France
| | - Pavel A. Abramov
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Maxim N. Sokolov
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Mohamed Haouas
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, UVSQ, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Versailles 78000, France
| | - Emmanuel Cadot
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, UVSQ, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Versailles 78000, France
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15
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Christie LG, Asche S, Mathieson JS, Vilà-Nadal L, Cronin L. Investigating the Formation of Giant {Pd 72} Prop and {Pd 84} Gly Macrocycles Using NMR, HPLC, and Mass Spectrometry. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:9379-9382. [PMID: 30005574 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b05059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The formation of giant polyoxometalate (POM) species is relatively underexplored, as their self-assembly process is complex due to the rapid kinetics. Polyoxopalladates (POPds) are a class of POMs based on Pd, the largest of which is the {Pd84}Ac wheel, and its slower kinetics mean the system is more amenable to systematic study. Here, we show that it is possible to follow the assembly of two types of Pd wheels, {Pd84}Gly and the smaller {Pd72}Prop, formed using glycolate and propionate ligands, respectively. We analyzed the formation of {Pd72}Prop and {Pd84}Gly using mass spectrometry (SEC-HPLC-MS and preparative desalting followed by MS). This was accompanied by studies that followed the chemical shift differences between the outer/inner ligands and the free ligand in solution for the {Pd84}Ac, {Pd72}Prop, and {Pd84}Gly species using NMR, which showed it was possible to track the formation of the wheels. Our findings confirm that the macrocycles assemble from smaller building blocks that react together to form the larger species over a period of days. These findings open the way for further structural derivatives and exploration of their host-guest chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorna G Christie
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry , University of Glasgow , Glasgow G12 8QQ , U.K
| | - Silke Asche
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry , University of Glasgow , Glasgow G12 8QQ , U.K
| | | | - Laia Vilà-Nadal
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry , University of Glasgow , Glasgow G12 8QQ , U.K
| | - Leroy Cronin
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry , University of Glasgow , Glasgow G12 8QQ , U.K
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16
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Cao J, Wang Q, Liu C, An S. Gas-Phase Chemistry of Arylimido-Functionalized Hexamolybdates [Mo 6O 19] 2. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2018; 29:1331-1334. [PMID: 29671275 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-018-1948-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The gas-phase fragmentations of a series of arylimido derivatives of hexamolybdate [Mo6O18(NC6H5-nR n )]2- (2-10, where R = CH3, i-C3H7, OCH3, NO2; n = 1 or 2) versus the parent species [Mo6O19]2- (1) were systematically studied using electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (ESI). Fragmentation of 1 generates two molybdate fragments only, [Mo3O10]2- and [Mo4O13]2-, whereas decomposition of 2-10 went through two dissociation pathways in which path A generates a variety of molybdate fragments via breaking the Mo-N bond followed by the cleavages of the multiple Mo-O bonds, whereas path B produces a range of molybdate fragments with arylimido group via breaking the multiple Mo-O bonds on POM framework. Moreover, the presences of mixed-oxidation-state molybdate fragments are characteristic for the fragmentation. The gas-phase stability order obtained by energy-variable collision-induced dissociation (CID) experiment reveals that 2-10 are generally less stable than 1 and substitution on the benzene ring exerts a considerable effect on the stabilization of the hybrid clusters. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - QianQian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - ShuQi An
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
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17
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kirill Monakhov
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; RWTH Aachen; Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen
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18
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Mahnke LK, Kondinski A, Warzok U, Näther C, van Leusen J, Schalley CA, Monakhov KY, Kögerler P, Bensch W. Konfigurationsisomerie in Polyoxovanadaten. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201712417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa K. Mahnke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel; 24118 Kiel Deutschland
| | - Aleksandar Kondinski
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; 52074 Aachen Deutschland
- Department of Chemistry; KU Leuven; Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Leuven Belgien
| | - Ulrike Warzok
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie; Freie Universität Berlin; Takustraße 3 14195 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Christian Näther
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel; 24118 Kiel Deutschland
| | - Jan van Leusen
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; 52074 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Christoph A. Schalley
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie; Freie Universität Berlin; Takustraße 3 14195 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Kirill Yu. Monakhov
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; 52074 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Paul Kögerler
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; 52074 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Wolfgang Bensch
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel; 24118 Kiel Deutschland
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19
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Mahnke LK, Kondinski A, Warzok U, Näther C, van Leusen J, Schalley CA, Monakhov KY, Kögerler P, Bensch W. Configurational Isomerism in Polyoxovanadates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:2972-2975. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201712417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa K. Mahnke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel; 24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Aleksandar Kondinski
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; 52074 Aachen Germany
- Current address: Department of Chemistry; KU Leuven; Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Ulrike Warzok
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie; Freie Universität Berlin; Takustrasse 3 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Christian Näther
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel; 24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Jan van Leusen
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Christoph A. Schalley
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie; Freie Universität Berlin; Takustrasse 3 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Kirill Yu. Monakhov
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Paul Kögerler
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Wolfgang Bensch
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel; 24118 Kiel Germany
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20
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Schreiber RE, Avram L, Neumann R. Self-Assembly through Noncovalent Preorganization of Reactants: Explaining the Formation of a Polyfluoroxometalate. Chemistry 2018; 24:369-379. [PMID: 29064591 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201704287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
High-order elementary reactions in homogeneous solutions involving more than two molecules are statistically improbable and very slow to proceed. They are not generally considered in classical transition-state or collision theories. Yet, rather selective, high-yield product formation is common in self-assembly processes that require many reaction steps. On the basis of recent observations of crystallization as well as reactions in dense phases, it is shown that self-assembly can occur by preorganization of reactants in a noncovalent supramolecular assembly, whereby directing forces can lead to an apparent one-step transformation of multiple reactants. A simple and general kinetic model for multiple reactant transformation in a dense phase that can account for many-bodied transformations was developed. Furthermore, the self-assembly of polyfluoroxometalate anion [H2 F6 NaW18 O56 ]7- from simple tungstate Na2 WO2 F4 was demonstrated by using 2D 19 F-19 F NOESY, 2D 19 F-19 F COSY NMR spectroscopy, a new 2D 19 F{183 W} NMR technique, as well as ESI-MS and diffusion NMR spectroscopy, and the crucial involvement of a supramolecular assembly was found. The deterministic kinetic reaction model explains the reaction in a dense phase and supports the suggested self-assembly mechanism. Reactions in dense phases may be of general importance in understanding other self-assembly reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy E Schreiber
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Liat Avram
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Ronny Neumann
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
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21
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Fang WH, Zhang L, Zhang J. Synthetic strategies, diverse structures and tuneable properties of polyoxo-titanium clusters. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:404-421. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00511c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A review of polyoxo-titanium clusters (PTCs), with an emphasis on synthetic methodologies, diverse structures, tuneable optical properties and potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hui Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou
- China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou
- China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou
- China
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22
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Li XY, Su HF, Kurmoo M, Tung CH, Sun D, Zheng LS. Structure, solution assembly, and electroconductivity of nanosized argento-organic-cluster/framework templated by chromate. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:5305-5314. [PMID: 28398432 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr00732a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In view of elucidating potential structures and assembly mechanism of silver clusters and silver cluster-based metal-organic frameworks, we prepared four argento-organic-clusters/frameworks where the structures were directed by chromate in the presence of different thiolates. All four structures with tBuC6H4S-, SiBu-, and SiPr- consist of three core-shells, an inner CrO42-, an intermediate Ag-S aggregate and finally the protective organic moieties. {(HNEt3)3[Ag(CrO4)4@Ag46(SC6H4tBu)24(CF3COO)18(DMF)4]} (1) is a supertetrahedron with an inner Ag(CrO4)4 tetrahedron shelled by four fused Ag11.5S6 lobes. [(CrO4)5@Ag40(SiBu)27(CF3COO)3]n (2) is an undulated snake-like tube housing the infinite CrO42- tetrahedra. [(CrO4)2@Ag41(SiBu)30(NO3)3(CN)4]n (3) forms an uncommon 7-connected kwh network incorporating hexagonal layers of Ag19(SiBu)15 balls with a single inner CrO42- connected by another Ag atom. Both enantiomeric chiral qtz frameworks of [CrO4@Ag20(SiPr)10(Cr2O7)2(COOCF3)4(DMF)4]n (4) were structurally characterized. In 4, Cr2O72- connects the Ag20(SiPr)10 clusters with a trapped CrO42- into a 3D quartz (qtz) structure, where the spherical cluster acts like oxygen and Cr2O72- takes the place of Si in SiO2. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) analysis of the reaction solutions of 1-4 clearly indicated that (i) the Ag(CrO4)4@Ag46 core of 1 can retain its molecular structure in the solution and (ii) the chromate-templated polynuclear silver-thiolate species in solution are important building blocks to construct the 1D or 3D motif for 2-4. The electrochemistry in sulfuric acid and enhancement of the electrical conductivity upon I2 doping have also been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Li
- Key Lab of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China.
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23
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Steffler F, de Lima GF, Duarte HA. Polyoxomolybdate formation – A thermodynamic analysis from density functional/PCM calculations. Chem Phys Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2016.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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24
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Biswas S, Melgar D, Srimany A, Rodríguez-Fortea A, Pradeep T, Bo C, Poblet JM, Roy S. Direct Observation of the Formation Pathway of [Mo132] Keplerates. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:8285-91. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Subharanjan Biswas
- Eco-Friendly Applied Materials Laboratory (EFAML), Materials
Science Centre, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata (IISER-Kolkata), Mohanpur Campus, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Dolores Melgar
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament d’Enginyeria Química, ETSEQ, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. dels Països Catalans, 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Amitava Srimany
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Antonio Rodríguez-Fortea
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Marcel·lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Thalappil Pradeep
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Carles Bo
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Josep M. Poblet
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Marcel·lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Soumyajit Roy
- Eco-Friendly Applied Materials Laboratory (EFAML), Materials
Science Centre, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata (IISER-Kolkata), Mohanpur Campus, Mohanpur 741246, India
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25
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Cameron J, Vilà-Nadal L, Winter RS, Iijima F, Murillo JC, Rodríguez-Fortea A, Oshio H, Poblet JM, Cronin L. Investigating the Transformations of Polyoxoanions Using Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Dynamics. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:8765-73. [PMID: 27321042 PMCID: PMC5033398 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b02245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The reactions of [γ-SiW10O36](8-) represent one of the most important synthetic gateways into a vast array of polyoxotungstate chemistry. Herein, we set about exploring the transformation of the lacunary polyoxoanion [β2-SiW11O39](8-) into [γ-SiW10O36](8-) using high-resolution electrospray mass spectrometry, density functional theory, and molecular dynamics. We show that the reaction proceeds through an unexpected {SiW9} precursor capable of undertaking a direct β → γ isomerization via a rotational transformation. The remarkably low-energy transition state of this transformation could be identified through theoretical calculations. Moreover, we explore the significant role of the countercations for the first time in such studies. This combination of experimental and the theoretical studies can now be used to understand the complex chemical transformations of oxoanions, leading to the design of reactivity by structural control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie
M. Cameron
- School
of Chemistry, WestCHEM, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
- Graduate
School of Pure and Applied Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba 305-8571, Japan
| | - Laia Vilà-Nadal
- School
of Chemistry, WestCHEM, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Ross S. Winter
- School
of Chemistry, WestCHEM, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Fumichika Iijima
- Graduate
School of Pure and Applied Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba 305-8571, Japan
| | - Juan Carlos Murillo
- Departament
de Química Física i Inorgànica, Marcel·lí
Domingo 1, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain 43007
| | - Antonio Rodríguez-Fortea
- Departament
de Química Física i Inorgànica, Marcel·lí
Domingo 1, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain 43007
| | - Hiroki Oshio
- Graduate
School of Pure and Applied Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba 305-8571, Japan
| | - Josep M. Poblet
- Departament
de Química Física i Inorgànica, Marcel·lí
Domingo 1, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain 43007
| | - Leroy Cronin
- School
of Chemistry, WestCHEM, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
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26
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Miró P, Vlaisavljevich B, Gil A, Burns PC, Nyman M, Bo C. Self-Assembly of Uranyl-Peroxide Nanocapsules in Basic Peroxidic Environments. Chemistry 2016; 22:8571-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pere Miró
- Department of Chemistry; Supercomputing Institute, and Chemical Theory Center; University of Minnesota; Minneapolis Minnesota USA
| | - Bess Vlaisavljevich
- Department of Chemistry; Supercomputing Institute, and Chemical Theory Center; University of Minnesota; Minneapolis Minnesota USA
| | - Adria Gil
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ); The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Tarragona Spain
| | - Peter C. Burns
- Department of Civil Engineering and Geological Sciences; University of Notre Dame; South Bend Indiana USA
| | - May Nyman
- Materials Science of Actinides; Department of Chemistry; Oregon State University; Corvallis Oregon USA
| | - Carles Bo
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ); The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Tarragona Spain
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica; Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Campus Sescelades; Tarragona Spain
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27
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Wendt M, Warzok U, Näther C, van Leusen J, Kögerler P, Schalley CA, Bensch W. Catalysis of "outer-phase" oxygen atom exchange reactions by encapsulated "inner-phase" water in {V 15Sb 6}-type polyoxovanadates. Chem Sci 2016; 7:2684-2694. [PMID: 28660041 PMCID: PMC5477048 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc04571a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimonato polyoxovanadate (POV) cluster compounds {M(en)3}3[V15Sb6O42(H2O) x ]·nH2O (M = FeII, CoII, NiII and x = 0 or 1) obtained under solvothermal conditions exhibit unusual high water solubility making these compounds promising synthons for generation of new POV structure types. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry provides evidence (i) for a water molecule encapsulated inside the cavity of a fraction of the spherical cluster shells, (ii) for a post-functionalization in water, namely a slow exchange of VO against Sb2O, (iii) for the inner-phase reactivity of the encapsulated water that is capable of opening an oxo-bridge, and (iv) for a significant acceleration of the 16O/18O exchange reactions of oxygen atoms in the cluster periphery with surrounding H218O, when encapsulated water is present. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example in polyoxovanadate chemistry for the transduction of inner-phase reactivity of an encapsulated guest molecule into changes in the outer-phase reactivity of the cluster. Magnetic susceptibility measurements reflect the individual contributions of the frustrated {V15} spin polytope and the {M(en)3}2+ complexes, with very weak coupling between these groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Wendt
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel , Max-Eyth-Str. 2 , 24118 Kiel , Germany .
| | - Ulrike Warzok
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie der Freien Universität , Takustr. 3 , 14195 Berlin , Germany .
| | - Christian Näther
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel , Max-Eyth-Str. 2 , 24118 Kiel , Germany .
| | - Jan van Leusen
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , RWTH Aachen , Landoltweg 1 , 52074 Aachen , Germany
| | - Paul Kögerler
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , RWTH Aachen , Landoltweg 1 , 52074 Aachen , Germany
| | - Christoph A Schalley
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie der Freien Universität , Takustr. 3 , 14195 Berlin , Germany .
| | - Wolfgang Bensch
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel , Max-Eyth-Str. 2 , 24118 Kiel , Germany .
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28
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Fan LY, Lin ZG, Cao J, Hu CW. Probing the Self-Assembly Mechanism of Lanthanide-Containing Sandwich-Type Silicotungstates [{Ln(H2O)n}2{Mn4(B-α-SiW9O34)2(H2O)2}]6– Using Time-Resolved Mass Spectrometry and X-ray Crystallography. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:2900-8. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Yuan Fan
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science,
Ministry of Education of China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic
Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P.R. China
| | - Zheng-Guo Lin
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science,
Ministry of Education of China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic
Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P.R. China
| | - Jie Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science,
Ministry of Education of China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic
Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P.R. China
| | - Chang-Wen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science,
Ministry of Education of China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic
Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P.R. China
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29
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Deng YK, Su HF, Xu JH, Wang WG, Kurmoo M, Lin SC, Tan YZ, Jia J, Sun D, Zheng LS. Hierarchical Assembly of a {MnII15MnIII4} Brucite Disc: Step-by-Step Formation and Ferrimagnetism. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:1328-34. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b11736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Kai Deng
- Key
Lab of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Feng Su
- State
Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department
of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia-Heng Xu
- Key
Lab of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Guang Wang
- Key
Lab of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Mohamedally Kurmoo
- Institut
de Chimie de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS-UMR 7177, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67008 Cedex Strasbourg, France
| | - Shui-Chao Lin
- State
Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department
of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Zhi Tan
- State
Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department
of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiong Jia
- Key
Lab of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Di Sun
- Key
Lab of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
- State
Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department
of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lan-Sun Zheng
- State
Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department
of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People’s Republic of China
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30
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Liu C, Cao J, Wang QQ, Zang JC, Ci CG. Effect of vanadium valence state on the solution chemistry and the stability of vanadium substituted polyoxometalates. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra24432g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ESI-MS combined with DFT calculation revealed that the vanadium valence state and the vanadium substitution degrees can substantially affect the stabilities of vanadium-substituted POMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science
- Ministry of Education of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
| | - Jie Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science
- Ministry of Education of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
| | - Qian-Qian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science
- Ministry of Education of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
| | - Jie-Chao Zang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities
- Duyun 558000
- P. R. China
| | - Cheng-Gang Ci
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities
- Duyun 558000
- P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry
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31
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Sartzi H, Miras HN, Vilà‐Nadal L, Long D, Cronin L. Trapping the δ Isomer of the Polyoxometalate‐Based Keggin Cluster with a Tripodal Ligand. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:15488-92. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201505377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 08/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Harikleia Sartzi
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland (UK) http://www.croninlab.com
| | - Haralampos N. Miras
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland (UK) http://www.croninlab.com
| | - Laia Vilà‐Nadal
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland (UK) http://www.croninlab.com
| | - De‐Liang Long
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland (UK) http://www.croninlab.com
| | - Leroy Cronin
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland (UK) http://www.croninlab.com
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32
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Sartzi H, Miras HN, Vilà-Nadal L, Long DL, Cronin L. Trapping the δ Isomer of the Polyoxometalate-Based Keggin Cluster with a Tripodal Ligand. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201505377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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33
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Shan S, Yuan P, Han W, Shi G, Bao X. Supported NiW catalysts with tunable size and morphology of active phases for highly selective hydrodesulfurization of fluid catalytic cracking naphtha. J Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2015.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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34
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Winter RS, Long DL, Cronin L. Synthesis and Characterization of a Series of [M2(β-SiW8O31)2]n− Clusters and Mechanistic Insight into the Reorganization of {β-SiW8O31} into {α-SiW9O34}. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:4151-5. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b00405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ross S. Winter
- School of Chemistry, WestCHEM, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
| | - De-Liang Long
- School of Chemistry, WestCHEM, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
| | - Leroy Cronin
- School of Chemistry, WestCHEM, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
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35
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Tong YP, Luo GT, Zhen J, Shen Y, Lin YW. Synthesis, structures, and theoretical investigation of three polyoxomolybdate-based compounds: self-assembly, fragment analysis, orbital interaction, and formation mechanism. CrystEngComm 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ce02545h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Three [Mo8O26]4− and [(SiO4)(Mo12O36)]4−-based polyoxoanion compounds were synthesized, together with fragment and orbital interaction analyses to explain the self-assembling mechanism of the polyoxoanions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ping Tong
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Huizhou University
- Huizhou 516007, China
| | - Guo-Tian Luo
- College of Chemistry and Life Science
- Gannan Normal University
- Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Jin Zhen
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Huizhou University
- Huizhou 516007, China
| | - You Shen
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Huizhou University
- Huizhou 516007, China
| | - Yan-Wen Lin
- Department of Life Science
- Huizhou University
- Huizhou 516007, China
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36
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Molina PI, Sures DJ, Miró P, Zakharov LN, Nyman M. Bridging the opposite chemistries of tantalum and tungsten polyoxometalates. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:15813-22. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt02290h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Reaction of Ta peroxometalate and tungstate affords the first systematic series of Ta/W isopolyoxometalates. An analogous reaction system yields a Nb/W cluster. The electronic structure and stability of these clusters varies as a function of the group V metal content, as inferred from spectroscopic, electrochemical and mass-spectrometry analysis and confirmed by DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. I. Molina
- Department of Chemistry
- Oregon State University
- Corvallis
- USA
| | - D. J. Sures
- Department of Chemistry
- Oregon State University
- Corvallis
- USA
| | - P. Miró
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences
- Theoretical Physics – Theoretical Material Science
- Jacobs University
- Bremen
- Germany
| | - L. N. Zakharov
- Department of Chemistry
- Oregon State University
- Corvallis
- USA
| | - M. Nyman
- Department of Chemistry
- Oregon State University
- Corvallis
- USA
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37
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Schwarz B, Streb C. Architectural control of urea in supramolecular 1D strontium vanadium oxide chains. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:4195-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt03691c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The critical effects of small organic ligands such as urea on the assembly of 1D strontium vanadium oxide chains using the principles of molecular self-assembly are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Schwarz
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I
- Ulm University
- 89081 Ulm
- Germany
| | - Carsten Streb
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I
- Ulm University
- 89081 Ulm
- Germany
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38
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Vicent C, Adonin SA, Anyushin AV, Mainichev DA, Sokolov MN. Gas-Phase Fragmentation Reactions of Keggin-Type {PW11O39M} (M = Rh, Ir, and Ru) Polyoxometalates as Fingerprints of the Ligands Attached at the Noble Metal Site. Eur J Inorg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201402521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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39
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Al-Oweini R, Bassil BS, Friedl J, Kottisch V, Ibrahim M, Asano M, Keita B, Novitchi G, Lan Y, Powell A, Stimming U, Kortz U. Synthesis and characterization of multinuclear manganese-containing tungstosilicates. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:5663-73. [PMID: 24835282 DOI: 10.1021/ic500425c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The five manganese-containing, Keggin-based tungstosilicates [Mn(II)3(OH)3(H2O)3(A-α-SiW9O34)](7-) (1), [Mn(III)3(OH)3(H2O)3(A-α-SiW9O34)](4-) (2), [Mn(III)3(OH)3(H2O)3(A-β-SiW9O34)](4-) (3), [Mn(III)3Mn(IV)O3(CH3COO)3(A-α-SiW9O34)](6-) (4), and [Mn(III)3Mn(IV)O3(CH3COO)3(A-β-SiW9O34)](6-) (5) were synthesized in aqueous medium by interaction of [A-α-SiW9O34](10-) or [A-β-SiW9O34H](9-) with either MnCl2 (1) or [Mn(III)8Mn(IV)4O12(CH3COO)16(H2O)4] (2-5) under carefully adjusted reaction conditions. The obtained salts of these polyanions were analyzed in the solid state by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, IR spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. The salts of polyanions 1, 2, and 4 were further characterized in the solid state by magnetic studies, as well as in solution by electrochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami Al-Oweini
- School of Engineering and Science, Jacobs University , P.O. Box 750561, 28725 Bremen, Germany
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40
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Hassanali AA, Cuny J, Verdolino V, Parrinello M. Aqueous solutions: state of the art in ab initio molecular dynamics. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2014; 372:20120482. [PMID: 24516179 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2012.0482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The simulation of liquids by ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) has been a subject of intense activity over the last two decades. The significant increase in computational resources as well as the development of new and efficient algorithms has elevated this method to the status of a standard quantum mechanical tool that is used by both experimentalists and theoreticians. As AIMD computes the electronic structure from first principles, it is free of ad hoc parametrizations and has thus been applied to a large variety of physical and chemical problems. In particular, AIMD has provided microscopic insight into the structural and dynamical properties of aqueous solutions which are often challenging to probe experimentally. In this review, after a brief theoretical description of the Born-Oppenheimer and Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics formalisms, we show how AIMD has enhanced our understanding of the properties of liquid water and its constituent ions: the proton and the hydroxide ion. Thereafter, a broad overview of the application of AIMD to other aqueous systems, such as solvated organic molecules and inorganic ions, is presented. We also briefly describe the latest theoretical developments made in AIMD, such as methods for enhanced sampling and the inclusion of nuclear quantum effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A Hassanali
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich and Università della Svizzera Italiana, , via G. Buffi 13, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
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41
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McGrail BT, Sigmon GE, Jouffret LJ, Andrews CR, Burns PC. Raman Spectroscopic and ESI-MS Characterization of Uranyl Peroxide Cage Clusters. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:1562-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ic402570b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brendan T. McGrail
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
and Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Ginger E. Sigmon
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
and Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Laurent J. Jouffret
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
and Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Christopher R. Andrews
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
and Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Peter C. Burns
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
and Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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42
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Mathieson JS, Cooper GJT, Symes MD, Cronin L. Quantification of ion binding using electrospray mass spectrometry. Inorg Chem Front 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3qi00037k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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43
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Jiménez-Lozano P, Carbó JJ, Chaumont A, Poblet JM, Rodríguez-Fortea A, Wipff G. Nature of Zr-Monosubstituted Monomeric and Dimeric Polyoxometalates in Water Solution at Different pH Conditions: Static Density Functional Theory Calculations and Dynamic Simulations. Inorg Chem 2013; 53:778-86. [DOI: 10.1021/ic401999r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Jiménez-Lozano
- Departament de Química Física
i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Campus Sescelades,
Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jorge J. Carbó
- Departament de Química Física
i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Campus Sescelades,
Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Alain Chaumont
- Laboratoire MSM,
UMR CNRS 7177, Institute de Chimie, Universite de Strasbourg, 1, rue
B. Pascal, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Josep M. Poblet
- Departament de Química Física
i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Campus Sescelades,
Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antonio Rodríguez-Fortea
- Departament de Química Física
i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Campus Sescelades,
Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Georges Wipff
- Laboratoire MSM,
UMR CNRS 7177, Institute de Chimie, Universite de Strasbourg, 1, rue
B. Pascal, 67000, Strasbourg, France
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44
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Sokolov MN, Adonin SA, Sinkevich PL, Vicent C, Mainichev DA, Fedin VP. Keggin-type Polyoxometalates [PW11O39MCl]5-with Noble Metals (M= Rh and Ir): Novel Synthetic Entries and ESI-MS Directed Reactivity Screening. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201300287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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45
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Al Hasan NM, Johnson GE, Laskin J. Gas-phase synthesis of singly and multiply charged polyoxovanadate anions employing electrospray ionization and collision induced dissociation. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2013; 24:1385-1395. [PMID: 23817833 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-013-0683-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Revised: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/18/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) combined with in-source fragmentation and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) experiments were used to generate a wide range of singly and multiply charged vanadium oxide cluster anions including VxOy(n-) and VxOyCl(n-) ions (x = 1-14, y = 2-36, n = 1-3), protonated clusters, and ligand-bound polyoxovanadate anions. The cluster anions were produced by electrospraying a solution of tetradecavanadate, V14O36Cl(L)5 (L = Et4N(+), tetraethylammonium), in acetonitrile. Under mild source conditions, ESI-MS generates a distribution of doubly and triply charged VxOyCl(n-) and VxOyCl(L)((n-1)-) clusters predominantly containing 14 vanadium atoms as well as their protonated analogs. Accurate mass measurement using a high-resolution LTQ/Orbitrap mass spectrometer (m/Δm = 60,000 at m/z 410) enabled unambiguous assignment of the elemental composition of the majority of peaks in the ESI-MS spectrum. In addition, high-sensitivity mass spectrometry allowed the charge state of the cluster ions to be assigned based on the separation of the major from the much less abundant minor isotope of vanadium. In-source fragmentation resulted in facile formation of smaller VxOyCl((1-2)-) and VxOy ((1-2)-) anions. Collision-induced dissociation (CID) experiments enabled systematic study of the gas-phase fragmentation pathways of the cluster anions originating from solution and from in-source CID. Surprisingly simple fragmentation patterns were obtained for all singly and doubly charged VxOyCl and VxOy species generated through multiple MS/MS experiments. In contrast, cluster anions originating directly from solution produced comparatively complex CID spectra. These results are consistent with the formation of more stable structures of VxOyCl and VxOy anions through low-energy CID. Furthermore, our results demonstrate that solution-phase synthesis of one precursor cluster anion combined with gas-phase CID is an efficient approach for the top-down synthesis of a wide range of singly and multiply charged gas-phase metal oxide cluster anions for subsequent investigations of structure and reactivity using mass spectrometry and ion spectroscopy techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naila M Al Hasan
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
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46
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Sattler D, Schlesinger M, Mehring M, Schalley CA. Mass Spectrometry and Gas-Phase Chemistry of Bismuth-Oxido Clusters. Chempluschem 2013; 78:1005-1014. [PMID: 31986734 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201300122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Sattler
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195 Berlin (Germany)
| | - Maik Schlesinger
- Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften, Institut für Chemie, Professur Koordinationschemie, Technische Universität Chemnitz, Strasse der Nationen 62, 09111 Chemnitz (Germany)
| | - Michael Mehring
- Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften, Institut für Chemie, Professur Koordinationschemie, Technische Universität Chemnitz, Strasse der Nationen 62, 09111 Chemnitz (Germany)
| | - Christoph A Schalley
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195 Berlin (Germany)
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47
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Cao J, Xu C, Fan Y, Fan L, Zhang X, Hu C. Selective production of electrostatically-bound adducts of alkyl cations/polyoxoanions by the collision-induced fragmentations of their quaternary ammonium counterparts. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2013; 24:884-894. [PMID: 23595257 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-013-0598-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2012] [Revised: 02/04/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Solutions of the quaternary ammonium salts of a set of classic polyoxometalates (POMs) (Keggin [XM12O40](n-), Dawson [P2W18O62](6-), and Lindqvist [M6O19](2-) (X = P, Si; M = W, Mo) were characterized by electrospray mass spectrometry. The gas-phase fragmentations of a series of quaternary ammonium-associated clusters were investigated by their collision-induced dissociations to elucidate their fragmentation mechanisms. It was found that the quaternary ammonium-associated clusters had distinctive dissociation characteristics. Moreover, the mono-quaternary ammonium-associated clusters, {NR4[POMs]}((n-1)-), shared a common fragmentation feature, that is, they decomposed exclusively into their respective alkyl cation-bound clusters irrespective of the different cation sizes and the different natures of the polyoxoanions. The optimized geometries and the binding energies of the mono cation-bound Lindqvist POM-based clusters were obtained by calculations. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first investigation of the gas-phase fragmentations of these noncovalent complexes between organic amines and inorganic POM anions by a combination of theory and mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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48
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Lang ZL, Guan W, Wu ZJ, Yan LK, Su ZM. Building blocks and formation thermodynamics of α-Keggin-type [PW12O40]3− anion. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2012.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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49
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Lang ZL, Guan W, Yan LK, Wen SZ, Su ZM, Hao LZ. The self-assembly mechanism of the Lindqvist anion [W6O19]2- in aqueous solution: a density functional theory study. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:11361-8. [PMID: 22886001 DOI: 10.1039/c2dt31166f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The formation mechanism is always a fundamental and confused issue for polyoxometalate chemistry. Two formation mechanisms (M1 and M2) of the Lindqvist anion [W(6)O(19)](2-) have been adopted to investigate it's self-assembly reaction pathways at a density functional theory (DFT) level. The potential energy surfaces reveal that both the mechanisms are thermodynamically favorable and overall barrierless at room temperature, but M2 is slightly dominant to M1. The formation of the pentanuclear species [W(5)O(16)](2-) and [W(5)O(15)(OH)](-) are recognized as the rate-determining steps in the whole assembly polymerization processes. These two steps involve the highest energy barriers with 30.48 kcal mol(-1) and 28.90 kcal mol(-1), respectively, for M1 and M2. [W(4)O(13)](2-) and [W(4)O(12)(OH)](-) are proved to be the most stable building blocks. In addition, DFT results reveal that the formation of [W(3)O(10)](2-) experiences a lower barrier along the chain channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Ling Lang
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, PR China
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50
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López X, Carbó JJ, Bo C, Poblet JM. Structure, properties and reactivity of polyoxometalates: a theoretical perspective. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:7537-71. [PMID: 22885565 DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35168d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 298] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In the thematic review dedicated to polyoxometalate (POM) chemistry published in Chemical Reviews in 1998, no contribution was devoted to theory. This is not surprising because computational modelling of molecular metal-oxide clusters was in its infancy at that time. Nowadays, the situation has completely changed and modern computational methods have been successfully applied to study the structure, electronic properties, spectroscopy and reactivity of POM clusters. Indeed, the progress achieved during the past decade has been spectacular and herein we critically review the most important papers to provide the reader with an almost complete perspective of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier López
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Marcel lí Domingo s/n, 43007-Tarragona, Spain
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