1
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Xiong D, Ruan P, Li Z, Yi W, Wang J. A General Strategy for Sustainable 3D Printing Based on A Multifunctional Photoinitiator. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202406047. [PMID: 38739107 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202406047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
A multifunctional photoinitiator is presented, offering precise control over light-induced polymerization initiation at 450 nm and material degradation at 365 nm. This is accomplished by covalently linking photoactive bis(acyl)phosphane oxide and photocleavable o-nitrobenzyl ether moieties onto the surface of γ-cyclodextrin. Upon degradation, the resulting linear polymers can be easily re-dissolved in their corresponding monomer and re-cured, exhibiting superior mechanical properties compared to the pristine material. Moreover, this photoinitiator enables the successful 3D printing of intricate and precise structures, representing a promising general strategy for developing recyclable photoresins for 3D printing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dajun Xiong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology (NJUST), Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Pengfei Ruan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology (NJUST), Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Zongan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Equipment and Manufacturing School of Electrical and Automation Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wenbin Yi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology (NJUST), Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Jieping Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology (NJUST), Nanjing, 210094, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Equipment and Manufacturing School of Electrical and Automation Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
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2
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Wiesner T, Neshchadin D, Glotz G, Gfader Z, Schrader E, Christen S, Fischer RC, Kelterer AM, Gescheidt G, Grützmacher H, Haas M. Symmetrical and Mixed Tris(acyl)phosphines: Synthesis, Oxidation and Photochemistry. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302535. [PMID: 37701996 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we present a convenient synthesis for symmetrical and mixed substituted tris(acyl)phosphines (TAPs) starting from red phosphorus. All TAPs exhibit a phosphaalkene-acylphosphine equilibrium, which was investigated in detail by variable-temperature (VT) NMR spectroscopy supported by density-functional theory (DFT) calculations. Depending on the substituents, two phosphaalkene derivatives and ten acylphosphine derivatives could be isolated. NMR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray crystallography enabled a clear structural assignment of these compounds. Oxidation of selected TAPs led to the formation of the corresponding tris(acyl)phosphine oxides (TAPOs). Furthermore, their spectroscopic properties as well as their photochemistry was investigated. Especially, the TAPO compounds were evaluated for their suitability as photoinitiators by CIDNP spectroscopy, photobleaching measurements and by storage stability tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Wiesner
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9/V, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Dmytro Neshchadin
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9/II, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Gabriel Glotz
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9/II, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Zeno Gfader
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9/V, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Erik Schrader
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Samuel Christen
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Roland C Fischer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9/V, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Anne-Marie Kelterer
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9/II, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Georg Gescheidt
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9/II, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Hansjörg Grützmacher
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Haas
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9/V, 8010, Graz, Austria
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3
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Kaymak P, Yang M, Benkő Z. A quest for stable phosphonyl radicals: limitations and possibilities of carbocyclic backbones and bulky substituents. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:13930-13945. [PMID: 37753839 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02658b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Although phosphonyl radicals play an important role as transient species in many chemical transformations, such as photoinitiated polymerisation reactions, permanently stable phosphonyl radicals are yet to be discovered. In this computational study, we aim at a conceptual understanding of the electronic effects influencing the stabilities of phosphonyl radicals through computing radical stabilisation energies (RSEs) for a large set of phosphonyl radicals with carbocyclic backbones. The studied radicals exhibit ring sizes varying from 3- to 7-membered with full saturation or different grades of unsaturation adjacent to the P-centre in an endo or exocyclic fashion. To gain deeper insight into the stabilisation effects and delocalisation, the geometrical aspects, electronic structures, and spin distributions of the radicals were scrutinised. The five-membered, fully unsaturated ring (phospholyl oxide), which has a planar structure, offers the most substantial electronic stabilisation. By embedding this ring into a more extended π-system, the possibility of gaining further stabilisation was also explored. To screen the effect of steric congestion on the stabilities of previously selected radicals toward dimerisation, a large number of bulky substituents with different sizes and shapes were systematically investigated. Our results outline that stable phosphonyl radicals seem accessible, provided that the electronic stabilisation effects are supplemented by well-designed bulky substituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pelin Kaymak
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Meng Yang
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Zoltán Benkő
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.
- HUN-REN-BME Computation Driven Chemistry Research Group, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
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4
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Li Y, Zhang X, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Hou D. Recent Progress of the Vat Photopolymerization Technique in Tissue Engineering: A Brief Review of Mechanisms, Methods, Materials, and Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3940. [PMID: 37835989 PMCID: PMC10574968 DOI: 10.3390/polym15193940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Vat photopolymerization (VP), including stereolithography (SLA), digital light processing (DLP), and volumetric printing, employs UV or visible light to solidify cell-laden photoactive bioresin contained within a vat in a point-by-point, layer-by-layer, or volumetric manner. VP-based bioprinting has garnered substantial attention in both academia and industry due to its unprecedented control over printing resolution and accuracy, as well as its rapid printing speed. It holds tremendous potential for the fabrication of tissue- and organ-like structures in the field of regenerative medicine. This review summarizes the recent progress of VP in the fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. First, it introduces the mechanism of photopolymerization, followed by an explanation of the printing technique and commonly used biomaterials. Furthermore, the application of VP-based bioprinting in tissue engineering was discussed. Finally, the challenges facing VP-based bioprinting are discussed, and the future trends in VP-based bioprinting are projected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xueqin Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yuxuan Zhang
- FuYang Sineva Materials Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100176, China
| | - Dan Hou
- Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, China National Petroleum Corporation, Beijing 102206, China
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5
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Widera A, Conti R, Schrader E, Aebli M, Wörle M, Grützmacher H. Bis(acyl)phosphide - Ambidentate Ligands for the Synthesis of Group 14 and 15 Main Group Element Compounds. Chempluschem 2023; 88:e202200451. [PMID: 36786446 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202200451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
The reactivity of the bis(acyl)phosphide ion [P(COR)2 ]- (BAP- , R=Ph, Mes) with silicon halides SiX4 (X=Cl, Br) and pnictogen chlorides ECl3 (E=As, Sb and Bi) was investigated. The reaction with SiX4 leads to the hexacoordinate silanes SiX2 (BAP)2 in which BAP- is coordinated in the chelating κ2 -O,O' mode, analogously to acac- . Unexpectedly, the coordination behaviour of BAP- differs from the one of acac- in the interpnictogen compounds E(BAP)3 (E=As, Sb) in which the formation of E-P bonds is favoured over κ2 -O,O' chelation via the oxygen centres. Finally, the reaction of BiCl3 with three equivalents of Na(BAP) leads to the formation of red, crystalline Bi2 (BAP)4 , an air stable dibismuthine, as product of a redox reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Widera
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Riccardo Conti
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland.,Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Erik Schrader
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Marcel Aebli
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Wörle
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Hansjörg Grützmacher
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
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6
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Chen J, Carpenter SH, Fetrow TV, Mengell J, Kirk ML, Tondreau AM. Magnetism Studies of Bis(acyl)phosphide-Supported Eu 3+ and Eu 2+ Complexes. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:18466-18475. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ju Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico87131, United States
| | | | - Taylor V. Fetrow
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico87545, United States
| | - Joshua Mengell
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico87131, United States
| | - Martin L. Kirk
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico87131, United States
- The Center for High Technology Materials, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico87106, United States
- The Center for Quantum Information and Control (CQuIC), The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico87131, United States
| | - Aaron M. Tondreau
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico87545, United States
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7
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Ott A, Nagy PR, Benkő Z. Stability of Carbocyclic Phosphinyl Radicals: Effect of Ring Size, Delocalization, and Sterics. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:16266-16281. [PMID: 36197796 PMCID: PMC9583709 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
In this computational study, we report on the stability
of cyclic
phosphinyl radicals with an aim for a systematical assessment of stabilization
effects. The radical stabilization energies (RSEs) were calculated
using isodesmic reactions for a large number of carbocyclic radicals
possessing different ring sizes and grades of unsaturation. In general,
the RSE values range from −1.2 to −14.0 kcal·mol–1, and they show practically no correlation with the
spin populations at the P-centers. The RSE values correlate with the
reaction Gibbs free energies calculated for the dimerization of the
studied simple radicals. Therefore, the more easily accessible RSE
values offer a cost-effective estimation of global stability in a
straightforward manner. To explore the effect of unsaturation on the
RSE values, delocalization energies were determined using appropriate
isodesmic reactions. Introducing unsaturations beside the P-center
into the backbone of the rings leads to an additive increase in the
magnitude of the delocalization energy (∼10, 20, and 30 kcal·mol–1, respectively, for radicals with one, two, and three
C=C bonds in the conjugation). Parallelly, the spin populations
at the P-centers also dwindle gradually by ∼0.1 e in the same
order, indicating that the lone electron delocalizes over the π-system.
Radicals containing exocyclic C=C π-bonds were also investigated,
and all of these radicals have rather similar stabilities independently
of the ring size, outlining the primary importance of the two exocyclic
π-bonds in the conjugation. Among the radicals involved in our
study, those with the best electronic stabilization are the unsaturated
three-, five-, six-, and seven-membered rings containing the maximum
number of conjugated vinyl fragments. The largest delocalization energy
of 31.5 kcal·mol–1 and the lowest obtained
spin population of 0.665 e were found for the fully unsaturated seven-membered
radical (phosphepin derivative). Importantly, the electronic stabilization
effects alone are insufficient for stabilizing the radicals in monomeric
forms epitomized by the exothermic dimerization energies (−40
to −58 kcal·mol–1). Therefore, it is
essential to apply sterically demanding bulky substituents on the
α-C-atoms. Tweaking the steric congestion enabled us to propose
radicals that are expected to be stable against dimerization and,
consequently, may be realistic target species for synthetic investigations.
The effects contributing to the stability of radicals having sterically
encumbered substituents have also been explored. To systematically evaluate the stabilization
effects, the
radical stabilization energies of various carbocyclic phosphinyl radicals
having saturated backbones or unsaturation(s) in either endocyclic
or exocyclic manner have been determined and analyzed. As the electronic
stabilization is alone insufficient to hamper the possible dimerization
of these species, the effect of several sterically demanding substituents
has been explored for the congeners with best electronic stabilizations,
thus enabling us to propose synthetically accessible candidates in
the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ott
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter R Nagy
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.,ELKH-BME Quantum Chemistry Research Group, Műegyetem rkp. 3, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Benkő
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.,ELKH-BME Computation Driven Chemistry Research Group, Műegyetem rkp. 3, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
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8
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Carpenter SH, Wolford NJ, Billow BS, Fetrow TV, Cajiao N, Radović A, Janicke MT, Neidig ML, Tondreau AM. Homoleptic Uranium-Bis(acyl)phosphide Complexes. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:12508-12517. [PMID: 35905438 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The first uranium bis(acyl)phosphide (BAP) complexes were synthesized from the reaction between sodium bis(mesitoyl)phosphide (Na(mesBAP)) or sodium bis(2,4,6-triisopropylbenzoyl)phosphide (Na(trippBAP)) and UI3(1,4-dioxane)1.5. Thermally stable, homoleptic BAP complexes were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, when appropriate, for the elucidation of the electronic structure and bonding of these complexes. EPR spectroscopy revealed that the BAP ligands on the uranium center retain a significant amount of electron density. The EPR spectrum of the trivalent U(trippBAP)3 has a rhombic signal near g = 2 (g1 = 2.03; g2 = 2.01; and g3 = 1.98) that is consistent with the EPR-observed unpaired electron being located in a molecular orbital that appears ligand-derived. However, upon warming the complex to room temperature, no resonance was observed, indicating the presence of uranium character.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nikki J Wolford
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Brennan S Billow
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Taylor V Fetrow
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Nathalia Cajiao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Aleksa Radović
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Michael T Janicke
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Michael L Neidig
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Aaron M Tondreau
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
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9
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Wang Y, Xue T, Si Z, Liu C, Yang S, Li G, Zhuang Y, Qin P. Visible-light-induced ultrafast preparation of PDMS membrane for the pervaporative separation of furfural. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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10
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Wiesner T, Glotz G, Wunnicke O, Bleger D, Knezevic I, Torvisco A, Fischer R, Kelterer AM, Gescheidt G, Haas M. The Road to Bisacyldigermanes ‐ A New Compound Class Suitable as Visible Light Photoinitiators. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202200107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Wiesner
- Graz University of Technology: Technische Universitat Graz Inorganic Chemistry AUSTRIA
| | - Gabriel Glotz
- Graz University of Technology: Technische Universitat Graz Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry AUSTRIA
| | | | | | - Ivana Knezevic
- Graz University of Technology: Technische Universitat Graz Institute of Inorganic Chemistry AUSTRIA
| | - Ana Torvisco
- Graz University of Technology: Technische Universitat Graz Institute of Inorganic Chemistry AUSTRIA
| | - Roland Fischer
- Graz University of Technology: Technische Universitat Graz Institute of Inorganic Chemistry AUSTRIA
| | - Anne-Marie Kelterer
- Graz University of Technology: Technische Universitat Graz Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry AUSTRIA
| | - Georg Gescheidt
- Graz University of Technology: Technische Universitat Graz Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry AUSTRIA
| | - Michael Haas
- Technische Universitat Graz Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Stremayergasse 9/V 8010 Graz AUSTRIA
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11
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Li Q, Li H, Wang Z, Liu J, Chen X, Liu D, Song L, Han Y, Wang Z, Yu Q. Bifunctional free radical photoinitiator based on syringaldehyde. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qianmin Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Huimin Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Zhen Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Jiuhong Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Xuquan Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Dayong Liu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering Huanghuai University Zhumadian China
| | - Liang Song
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Yuxi Han
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Zhongwei Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Qing Yu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
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12
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Szych LS, Lüdtke KP, Pilopp Y, Bresien J, Villinger A, Schulz A. Reaction of potassium phosphide KP(iPr)Ter with chalcogens, heteroallenes and an acyl chloride. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:16568-16577. [PMID: 34738611 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03400f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reactivity of the secondary phosphide KP(iPr)Ter (1) (Ter = 2,6-bis-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)phenyl) toward small molecules is reported. Phosphide 1 displays distinct nucleophilic character and reacts selectively with chalcogens (S8, Sex), heteroallenes (CO2, nPrNCS), and an acyl chloride (AdCOCl) to give the corresponding dichalcogenophosphinates (2a, 3), phosphanyl formate (5), thiocarbamoylphosphane (6a), or acylphosphane (7a), respectively. Furthermore the follow-up chemistry of these products was investigated. 2a was converted to a PSPS ligand (2b) which forms a Au(I) complex (2c) with (Me2S)AuCl. Likewise, a gold complex of 7a was prepared. All species were isolated and fully characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Sophie Szych
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, D-18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Karsten Paul Lüdtke
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, D-18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Yannic Pilopp
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, D-18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Jonas Bresien
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, D-18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Alexander Villinger
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, D-18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Axel Schulz
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, D-18059 Rostock, Germany. .,Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
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13
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Wiesner T, Haas M. Do germanium-based photoinitiators have the potential to replace the well-established acylphosphine oxides? Dalton Trans 2021; 50:12392-12398. [PMID: 34545890 PMCID: PMC8453693 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02308j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In the last few decades, there has been an increasing demand for photoinitiators with growing requirements. Nowadays, photoinitiators need to fulfill several requirements such as a low level of toxicity, biocompatibility, fast polymerization rates, high activities, good photobleaching and much more in order to remain competitive on the market. Accordingly, we compare acylphosphine oxides and acylgermanes, two common classes of photoinitiators, with respect to their various synthetic pathways, toxicity, availability and performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Wiesner
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Michael Haas
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010 Graz, Austria.
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14
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Püschmann SD, Frühwirt P, Müller SM, Wagner SH, Torvisco A, Fischer RC, Kelterer AM, Griesser T, Gescheidt G, Haas M. Synthesis and characterization of diacylgermanes: persistent derivatives with superior photoreactivity. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:11965-11974. [PMID: 34378607 PMCID: PMC8406493 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02091a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Acylgermanes are known as highly efficient photoinitiators. In this contribution, we present the synthesis of new diacylgermanes 4a-evia a multiple silyl abstraction methodology. The method outperforms the state-of-the-art approach (Corey-Seebach reaction) towards diacylgermanes in terms of group tolerance and toxicity of reagents. Moreover, these compounds are decorated with bulky mesityl groups in order to improve their storage stability. The isolated diacylgermanes were characterized by multinuclear NMR-, UV-Vis spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography, as well as photolysis experiments (photobleaching) and photo-DSC measurements (photopolymerization behavior). Upon irradiation with an LED emitting at 385 nm, all compounds except for 4a and 4c bleach efficiently with quantum yields above 0.6. Due to their broad absorption bands, the compounds can be also bleached with blue light (470 nm), where especially 4e bleaches more efficiently than Ivocerin®.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina D. Püschmann
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technical University GrazStremayrgasse 9/IV8010 GrazAustria
| | - Philipp Frühwirt
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technical University GrazStremayrgasse 9/II8010 GrazAustria
| | - Stefanie M. Müller
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technical University GrazStremayrgasse 9/II8010 GrazAustria
| | - Stefan H. Wagner
- Institute of Chemistry of Polymeric Materials, Montanuniversitaet LeobenOtto-Gloeckelstrasse 2A-8700 LeobenAustria
| | - Ana Torvisco
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technical University GrazStremayrgasse 9/IV8010 GrazAustria
| | - Roland C. Fischer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technical University GrazStremayrgasse 9/IV8010 GrazAustria
| | - Anne-Marie Kelterer
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technical University GrazStremayrgasse 9/II8010 GrazAustria
| | - Thomas Griesser
- Institute of Chemistry of Polymeric Materials, Montanuniversitaet LeobenOtto-Gloeckelstrasse 2A-8700 LeobenAustria
| | - Georg Gescheidt
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technical University GrazStremayrgasse 9/II8010 GrazAustria
| | - Michael Haas
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technical University GrazStremayrgasse 9/IV8010 GrazAustria
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15
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Petrone DA, Szkop KM, Miao L, St Onge P, Qu ZW, Grimme S, Stephan DW. A Primary Acyl Phosphine Stabilized by a Phosphonium Ylide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:18547-18551. [PMID: 34125463 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202106846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Primary acyl-phosphines are scarce in the literature. Here we show that the reaction of Ph3 GePCO with the ylide Ph3 PCH2 proceeds to give the species Ph3 PCHC(O)PH(GePh3 ) 1. Deprotonation of 1 with Na[N(SiMe3 )2 ] generates the salt [Na(THF)2 ][Ph3 PCHC(O)P(GePh3 )] 2 which provides subsequent access to the bis-germanylated acylphosphine, Ph3 PCHC(O)P(GePh3 )2 3. Alternatively, treatment of 1 with HCl in dioxane affords the primary acylphosphine Ph3 PCHC(O)PH2 4. Compound 4 is a rare example of an air stable primary acyl-phosphines and the first devoid of a stabilizing heteroatom adjacent to the carbonyl fragment.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Petrone
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario, M5S3H6, Canada
| | - Kevin M Szkop
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario, M5S3H6, Canada
| | - Linkun Miao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario, M5S3H6, Canada
| | - Piers St Onge
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario, M5S3H6, Canada
| | - Zheng-Wang Qu
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Beringstrasse 4, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Beringstrasse 4, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Douglas W Stephan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario, M5S3H6, Canada
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16
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Petrone DA, Szkop KM, Miao L, St. Onge P, Qu Z, Grimme S, Stephan DW. A Primary Acyl Phosphine Stabilized by a Phosphonium Ylide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202106846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David A. Petrone
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 80 St. George St. Toronto Ontario M5S3H6 Canada
| | - Kevin M. Szkop
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 80 St. George St. Toronto Ontario M5S3H6 Canada
| | - Linkun Miao
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 80 St. George St. Toronto Ontario M5S3H6 Canada
| | - Piers St. Onge
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 80 St. George St. Toronto Ontario M5S3H6 Canada
| | - Zheng‐Wang Qu
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn Beringstrasse 4 53115 Bonn Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn Beringstrasse 4 53115 Bonn Germany
| | - Douglas W. Stephan
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 80 St. George St. Toronto Ontario M5S3H6 Canada
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17
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Song Q, Shang K, Xue T, Wang Z, Pei D, Zhao S, Nie J, Chang Y. Macrocyclic Photoinitiator Based on Prism[5]arene Matching LEDs Light with Low Migration. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2100299. [PMID: 34173296 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a naphthalene-based macrocycle prism[5]arene (NP5 OCH3 ) is developed as a novel kind of photoinitiator. When NP5 OCH3 is irradiated under light, the bond between methylene and naphthalene can be quickly broken owning to the existence of ring tension. The macrocycle is cleaved to linear oligomer biradicals, which can effectively initiate the free radical photopolymerization of acrylate monomers. Compared with conventional photoinitiators, NP5 OCH3 has strong light absorption in the wavelength range of 365-405 nm, so it can well match the environment-friendly light-emitting diodes (LEDs) light source to realize highly efficient initiation. In addition, there is no small molecule fragment generated during NP5 OCH3 fracture, and the resulted linear oligomer biradicals can be immobilized in the polymer after initiating polymerization, so NP5 OCH3 photoinitiators show much lower migration rate and cytotoxicity. Cleavable macrocycle prismarene may provide a new idea for the design of safe and efficient photoinitiators matching long wavelength light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Changzhou Institute of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Kun Shang
- College of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi Province, 716000, P. R. China
| | - Tanlong Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Changzhou Institute of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Zongcheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Changzhou Institute of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Di Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Changzhou Institute of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Changzhou Institute of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Jun Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Changzhou Institute of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Yincheng Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Changzhou Institute of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
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18
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Püschmann SD, Frühwirt P, Pillinger M, Knöchl A, Mikusch M, Radebner J, Torvisco A, Fischer RC, Moszner N, Gescheidt G, Haas M. Synthesis of Mixed-Functionalized Tetraacylgermanes. Chemistry 2020; 27:3338-3347. [PMID: 33034922 PMCID: PMC7898609 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Tetraacylgermanes are known as highly efficient photoinitiators. Herein, the synthesis of mixed tetraacylgermanes 4 a–c and 6 a–e with a nonsymmetric substitution pattern is presented. Germenolates are crucial intermediates of these new synthetic protocols. The synthesized compounds show increased solubility compared with symmetrically substituted tetraacylgermanes 1 a–d. Moreover, these mixed derivatives reveal broadened n–π* absorption bands, which enhance their photoactivity. Higher absorption of these new compounds at wavelengths above 450 nm causes efficient photobleaching when using an LED emitting at 470 nm. The quantum yields are in the range of 0.15–0.57, depending on the nature of the aroyl substituents. On the basis of these properties, mixed‐functionalized tetraacylgermanes serve as ideal photoinitiators in various applications, especially in those requiring high penetration depth. The synthesized compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, NMR and CIDNP spectroscopy, UV/Vis spectroscopy, photolysis experiments, and X‐ray crystallography. The CIDNP data suggest that the germyl radicals generated from the new tetraacylgermanes preferentially add to the tail of the monomer butyl acrylate. In the case of 6 a–e only the mesitoyl groups are cleaved off, whereas for 4 a–c both the mesitoyl and the aroyl group are subject to α‐cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina D Püschmann
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technical University Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Philipp Frühwirt
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technical University Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/II, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Michael Pillinger
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technical University Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Knöchl
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technical University Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Marlene Mikusch
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technical University Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Judith Radebner
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technical University Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Ana Torvisco
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technical University Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Roland C Fischer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technical University Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Norbert Moszner
- Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Bendererstrasse 2, 9494, Schaan, Liechtenstein
| | - Georg Gescheidt
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technical University Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/II, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Michael Haas
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technical University Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
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19
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Zhang JQ, Han LB. Chlorosilane-Catalyzed Coupling of Hydrogen Phosphine Oxides with Acyl Chlorides Generating Acylphosphine Oxides. Org Lett 2020; 22:4633-4637. [PMID: 32479733 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We report a new method for the synthesis of acylphosphine oxides by the direct coupling of hydrogen phosphine oxides and acyl chlorides mediated by chlorosilanes. This new protocol is greener and safer, because it precludes the generation of volatile haloalkanes and the use of oxidants employed in the conventional methods. Moreover, moisture-unstable acylphosphine oxides that are difficult to prepare via the conventional methods can be generated using this new method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Qiu Zhang
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.,Division of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - Li-Biao Han
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.,Division of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
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20
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Murphy MC, Trofimova A, LaFortune JHW, Vogels CM, Geier SJ, Binder JF, Macdonald CLB, Stephan DW, Westcott SA. The phosphinoboration of acyl chlorides. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:5092-5099. [DOI: 10.1039/d0dt00579g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This investigation examines the reactivity of phosphinoboronate esters Ph2PBpin (pin = 1,2-O2C2Me4) and Ph2PBcat (cat = 1,2-O2C6H4), as well as other phosphinoboron species, with various aryl and aliphatic acyl chlorides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maia C. Murphy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Mount Allison University
- Sackville
- Canada
| | | | | | | | - Stephen J. Geier
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Mount Allison University
- Sackville
- Canada
| | - Justin F. Binder
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Windsor
- Windsor
- Canada
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Charles L. B. Macdonald
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Windsor
- Windsor
- Canada
- Department of Chemistry
| | | | - Stephen A. Westcott
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Mount Allison University
- Sackville
- Canada
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21
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Cosola A, Conti R, Rana VK, Sangermano M, Chiappone A, Levalois-Grützmacher J, Grützmacher H. Synthesis of γ-cyclodextrin substituted bis(acyl)phosphane oxide derivative (BAPO-γ-CyD) serving as multiple photoinitiator and crosslinking agent. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:4828-4831. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc01732a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Cyclodextrin with up to 10 bis(acyl)phosphanoxide functions serves as an initiator for highly cross-linked swellable hydrogels from mono-acrylates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Riccardo Conti
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences
- ETH Zurich
- 8093 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - Vijay Kumar Rana
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences
- ETH Zurich
- 8093 Zurich
- Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry
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22
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Abstract
Recently heavier Group 14 enolates showed their importance and applicability in a broad range of chemical transformations. They were found to be key intermediates during the synthesis of photoinitiators, as well as during the formation of complex silicon frameworks. This Minireview presents general strategies towards the synthesis of heavier Group 14 enolates (HG 14 enolates). Structural properties, as well as their spectroscopic behavior are outlined. This study may aid future development in this research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Haas
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryTechnische Universität GrazStremayrgasse 9/IV8010GrazAustria
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23
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Qu Z, Zhu H, Grimme S. Acylation Reactions of Dibenzo-7-phosphanorbornadiene: DFT Mechanistic Insights. ChemistryOpen 2019; 8:807-810. [PMID: 31293872 PMCID: PMC6594351 DOI: 10.1002/open.201900176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive DFT calculations provide deep mechanistic insights into the acylation reactions of tert-butyl dibenzo-7-phosphanobornadiene with PhCOX (X=Cl, Br, I, OTf) in CH2Cl2 solution. Such reactions are initialized by the nucleophilic P⋅⋅⋅C attack to the carbonyl group to form the acylphosphonium intermediate A+ together with X- anion, followed either by nucleophilic X-⋅⋅⋅P attack (X=Cl, Br, and I) toward A+ to eliminate anthracene or by slow rearrangement or decomposition of A+ (X=OTf). In contrast to the first case (X=Cl) that is rate-limited by the initial P⋅⋅⋅C attack, other reactions are rate-limited by the second X-⋅⋅⋅P attack for X=Br and I and even thermodynamically prevented for X=OTf, leading to isolable phosphonium salts. The rearrangement of phosphonium A+ is initiated by a P-C bond cleavage, followed either by sequential proton-shifts to form anthracenyl acylphosphonium or by deprotonation with additional base Et3N to form neutral anthracenyl acylphosphine. Our DFT results strongly support the separated acylphosphonium A+ as the key reaction intermediate that may be useful for the transfer of acylphosphenium in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng‐Wang Qu
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical ChemistryUniversity of BonnBeringstr. 453115BonnGermany
| | - Hui Zhu
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical ChemistryUniversity of BonnBeringstr. 453115BonnGermany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical ChemistryUniversity of BonnBeringstr. 453115BonnGermany
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24
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Szkop KM, Geeson MB, Stephan DW, Cummins CC. Synthesis of acyl(chloro)phosphines enabled by phosphinidene transfer. Chem Sci 2019; 10:3627-3631. [PMID: 30996956 PMCID: PMC6432624 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc05657a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Acyl(chloro)phosphines RC(O)P(Cl)(t-Bu) have been prepared by formal insertion of tert-butyl phosphinidene (t-Bu–P) from t-BuPA (A = C14H10 or anthracene) into the C–Cl bond of acyl chlorides.
Acyl(chloro)phosphines RC(O)P(Cl)(t-Bu) have been prepared by formal insertion of tert-butyl phosphinidene (t-Bu–P) from t-BuPA (A = C14H10 or anthracene) into the C–Cl bond of acyl chlorides. We show that the under-explored acyl(chloro)phosphine functional group provides an efficient method to prepare bis(acyl)phosphines, which are important precursors to compounds used industrially as radical polymerization initiators. Experimental and computational investigations into the mechanism of formation of acyl(chloro)phosphines by our synthetic method reveal a pathway in which chloride attacks a phosphonium intermediate and leads to the reductive loss of anthracene from the phosphorus center in a P(v) to P(iii) process. The synthetic applicability of the acyl(chloro)phosphine functional group has been demonstrated by reduction to an acylphosphide anion, which can in turn be treated with an acyl chloride to furnish dissymmetric bis(acyl)phosphines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M Szkop
- Department of Chemistry , University of Toronto , 80 St George St , Toronto , Ontario M5S3H6 , Canada . ; Tel: +1 416 946 3294.,Department of Chemistry , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue , Cambridge , MA 02139-4307 , USA . ; Tel: +1 617 253 5332
| | - Michael B Geeson
- Department of Chemistry , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue , Cambridge , MA 02139-4307 , USA . ; Tel: +1 617 253 5332
| | - Douglas W Stephan
- Department of Chemistry , University of Toronto , 80 St George St , Toronto , Ontario M5S3H6 , Canada . ; Tel: +1 416 946 3294
| | - Christopher C Cummins
- Department of Chemistry , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue , Cambridge , MA 02139-4307 , USA . ; Tel: +1 617 253 5332
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25
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Jöckle P, Kamm PW, Lamparth I, Moszner N, Unterreiner AN, Barner-Kowollik C. More than Expected: Overall Initiation Efficiencies of Mono-, Bis-, and Tetraacylgermane Radical Initiators. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Jöckle
- Macromolecular Architectures, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse 18, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Molekulare Physikalische Chemie, Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Philipp W. Kamm
- Macromolecular Architectures, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse 18, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Molekulare Physikalische Chemie, Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Iris Lamparth
- Ivoclar Vivadent
AG, Bendererstrasse 2, 9494 Schaan, Liechtenstein
| | - Norbert Moszner
- Ivoclar Vivadent
AG, Bendererstrasse 2, 9494 Schaan, Liechtenstein
| | - Andreas-Neil Unterreiner
- Molekulare Physikalische Chemie, Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- Macromolecular Architectures, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse 18, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
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26
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Radebner J, Eibel A, Leypold M, Jungwirth N, Pickl T, Torvisco A, Fischer R, Fischer UK, Moszner N, Gescheidt G, Stueger H, Haas M. Tetraacylstannanes as Long-Wavelength Visible-Light Photoinitiators with Intriguing Low Toxicity. Chemistry 2018; 24:8281-8285. [PMID: 29709089 PMCID: PMC6032833 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The first tetraacylstannanes Sn[(CO)R]4 (R=2,4,6‐trimethylphenyl (1 a) and 2,6‐dimethylphenyl (1 b)), a class of highly efficient Sn‐based photoinitiators, were synthesized. The formation of these derivatives was confirmed by NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and X‐ray crystallography. The UV/Vis absorption spectra of 1 a, b reveal a significant redshift of the longest wavelength absorption compared to the corresponding germanium compounds. In contrast to the known toxicity of organotin derivatives, the AMES test and cytotoxicity studies reveal intriguing low toxicity. The excellent performance of 1 as photoinitiators is demonstrated by photobleaching (UV/Vis) and NMR/CIDNP investigations, as well as photo‐DSC studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Radebner
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Anna Eibel
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Mario Leypold
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Nina Jungwirth
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Thomas Pickl
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Ana Torvisco
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Roland Fischer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Urs Karl Fischer
- Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Bendererstrasse 2, 9494, Schaan, Liechtenstein
| | - Norbert Moszner
- Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Bendererstrasse 2, 9494, Schaan, Liechtenstein
| | - Georg Gescheidt
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Harald Stueger
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Michael Haas
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
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27
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Haas M, Radebner J, Eibel A, Gescheidt G, Stueger H. Recent Advances in Germanium-Based Photoinitiator Chemistry. Chemistry 2018; 24:8258-8267. [PMID: 29356151 PMCID: PMC6032850 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Acylgermanes provide an outstanding photoinduced reactivity at very useful absorption wavelengths. This encouraged multidisciplinary research groups to utilize them as highly effective and non-toxic photoinitiators particularly for medical applications. In this Minireview, we present the most recent breakthroughs to synthesize acylgermanes. We also outline mechanistic aspects of photoinduced reactions of several acylgermane derivatives based on fundamental spectroscopic insights. These studies may aid future developments for tailor-made photoinitiators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Haas
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Judith Radebner
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Anna Eibel
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Georg Gescheidt
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Harald Stueger
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
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28
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Wang J, Chiappone A, Roppolo I, Shao F, Fantino E, Lorusso M, Rentsch D, Dietliker K, Pirri CF, Grützmacher H. All-in-One Cellulose Nanocrystals for 3D Printing of Nanocomposite Hydrogels. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:2353-2356. [PMID: 29266601 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201710951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with >2000 photoactive groups on each can act as highly efficient initiators for radical polymerizations, cross-linkers, as well as covalently embedded nanofillers for nanocomposite hydrogels. This is achieved by a simple and reliable method for surface modification of CNCs with a photoactive bis(acyl)phosphane oxide derivative. Shape-persistent and free-standing 3D structured objects were printed with a mono-functional methacrylate, showing a superior swelling capacity and improved mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieping Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Annalisa Chiappone
- Center for Sustainable Futures, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Corso Trento, 21, 10129, Torino, Italy
| | - Ignazio Roppolo
- DISAT, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 21, 10129, Torino, Italy
| | - Feng Shao
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Erika Fantino
- DISAT, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 21, 10129, Torino, Italy
| | - Massimo Lorusso
- Center for Sustainable Futures, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Corso Trento, 21, 10129, Torino, Italy
| | - Daniel Rentsch
- EMPA, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Kurt Dietliker
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Candido Fabrizio Pirri
- Center for Sustainable Futures, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Corso Trento, 21, 10129, Torino, Italy.,DISAT, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 21, 10129, Torino, Italy
| | - Hansjörg Grützmacher
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland.,Lehn Institute of Functional Materials (LIFM), Sun Yat-Sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China
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29
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Wang J, Chiappone A, Roppolo I, Shao F, Fantino E, Lorusso M, Rentsch D, Dietliker K, Pirri CF, Grützmacher H. All-in-One Cellulose Nanocrystals for 3D Printing of Nanocomposite Hydrogels. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201710951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jieping Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry; ETH Zürich; 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Annalisa Chiappone
- Center for Sustainable Futures; Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Corso Trento, 21; 10129 Torino Italy
| | - Ignazio Roppolo
- DISAT, Politecnico di Torino; Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 21 10129 Torino Italy
| | - Feng Shao
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; Laboratory of Organic Chemistry; ETH Zürich; 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Erika Fantino
- DISAT, Politecnico di Torino; Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 21 10129 Torino Italy
| | - Massimo Lorusso
- Center for Sustainable Futures; Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Corso Trento, 21; 10129 Torino Italy
| | - Daniel Rentsch
- EMPA; Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology; 8600 Dübendorf Switzerland
| | - Kurt Dietliker
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry; ETH Zürich; 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Candido Fabrizio Pirri
- Center for Sustainable Futures; Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Corso Trento, 21; 10129 Torino Italy
- DISAT, Politecnico di Torino; Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 21 10129 Torino Italy
| | - Hansjörg Grützmacher
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry; ETH Zürich; 8093 Zürich Switzerland
- Lehn Institute of Functional Materials (LIFM); Sun Yat-Sen University; 510275 Guangzhou China
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30
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Wang J, Stanic S, Altun AA, Schwentenwein M, Dietliker K, Jin L, Stampfl J, Baudis S, Liska R, Grützmacher H. A highly efficient waterborne photoinitiator for visible-light-induced three-dimensional printing of hydrogels. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:920-923. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc09313f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A highly efficient waterborne bis(acyl)phosphane oxide photoinitiator (PEG-BAPO) was conveniently synthesized for 3D printing of hydrogels under blue light irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieping Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences
- ETH Zürich
- 8093 Zürich
- Switzerland
| | - Sascha Stanic
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry
- Technische Universität Wien
- 1060 Vienna
- Austria
| | | | | | - Kurt Dietliker
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences
- ETH Zürich
- 8093 Zürich
- Switzerland
| | - Lu Jin
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences
- ETH Zürich
- 8093 Zürich
- Switzerland
| | - Jürgen Stampfl
- Institute of Materials Science and Technology
- Technische Universität Wien
- 1060 Vienna
- Austria
| | - Stefan Baudis
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry
- Technische Universität Wien
- 1060 Vienna
- Austria
| | - Robert Liska
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry
- Technische Universität Wien
- 1060 Vienna
- Austria
| | - Hansjörg Grützmacher
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences
- ETH Zürich
- 8093 Zürich
- Switzerland
- Lehn Institute of Functional Materials (LIFM)
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31
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Gediga M, Schlindwein SH, Bender J, Nieger M, Gudat D. Variable Reactivity of a N-Heterocyclic Phosphenium Complex: P-C Bond Activation or "Abnormal" Deprotonation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:15718-15722. [PMID: 28980421 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201709015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of an N-heterocyclic phosphenium complex of manganese with MeLi/Et3 NHCl under formal addition of CH4 to the Mn=P double bond can be reversed upon UV photolysis, providing a rare example for selective P-C(alkyl) bond activation. Action of LDA on the phosphenium complex does not proceed via attack at phosphorus but rather via C4-deprotonation to yield a unique P-analogue of an "abnormal" carbene. A transmetalation product of the original complex was fully characterized. The C-metalation is also applicable to bis-phosphenium complexes of other metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Gediga
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70550, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Simon H Schlindwein
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70550, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Johannes Bender
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70550, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Martin Nieger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O Box 55, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Dietrich Gudat
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70550, Stuttgart, Germany
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32
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Jöckle P, Schweigert C, Lamparth I, Moszner N, Unterreiner AN, Barner-Kowollik C. An In-Depth Mechanistic Investigation of the Radical Initiation Behavior of Monoacylgermanes. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b01721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Jöckle
- Macromolecular
Architectures, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse 18, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institut für Biologische Grenzflächen, Kalsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Molekulare
Physikalische Chemie, Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 2,76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Caroline Schweigert
- Molekulare
Physikalische Chemie, Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 2,76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Iris Lamparth
- Ivoclar Vivadent
AG, Bendererstrasse 2, 9494 Schaan, Liechtenstein
| | - Norbert Moszner
- Ivoclar Vivadent
AG, Bendererstrasse 2, 9494 Schaan, Liechtenstein
| | - Andreas-Neil Unterreiner
- Molekulare
Physikalische Chemie, Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 2,76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- Macromolecular
Architectures, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse 18, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institut für Biologische Grenzflächen, Kalsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- School
of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
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33
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Gediga M, Schlindwein SH, Bender J, Nieger M, Gudat D. Variable Reaktivität eines N-heterocyclischen Phosphenium-Komplexes: P-C-Bindungsaktivierung oder “abnormale” Deprotonierung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201709015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Gediga
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Stuttgart; Pfaffenwaldring 55 70550 Stuttgart Deutschland
| | - Simon H. Schlindwein
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Stuttgart; Pfaffenwaldring 55 70550 Stuttgart Deutschland
| | - Johannes Bender
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Stuttgart; Pfaffenwaldring 55 70550 Stuttgart Deutschland
| | - Martin Nieger
- Department of Chemistry; University of Helsinki; P.O Box 55 00014 University of Helsinki Finnland
| | - Dietrich Gudat
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Stuttgart; Pfaffenwaldring 55 70550 Stuttgart Deutschland
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34
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Radebner J, Eibel A, Leypold M, Gorsche C, Schuh L, Fischer R, Torvisco A, Neshchadin D, Geier R, Moszner N, Liska R, Gescheidt G, Haas M, Stueger H. Tetraacylgermanes: Highly Efficient Photoinitiators for Visible-Light-Induced Free-Radical Polymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:3103-3107. [PMID: 28156043 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201611686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In this contribution a convenient synthetic method to obtain tetraacylgermanes Ge[C(O)R]4 (R=mesityl (1 a), phenyl (1 b)), a previously unknown class of highly efficient Ge-based photoinitiators, is described. Tetraacylgermanes are easily accessible via a one-pot synthetic protocol in >85 % yield, as confirmed by NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and X-ray crystallography. The efficiency of 1 a,b as photoinitiators is demonstrated in photobleaching (UV/Vis), time-resolved EPR (CIDEP), and NMR/CIDNP investigations as well as by photo-DSC studies. Remarkably, the tetraacylgermanes exceed the performance of currently known long-wavelength visible-light photoinitiators for free-radical polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Radebner
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Anna Eibel
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Austria
| | - Mario Leypold
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Christian Gorsche
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Photopolymers in Digital and Restorative Dentistry, Technische Universität Wien, Austria
| | - Lukas Schuh
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Roland Fischer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Ana Torvisco
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Dmytro Neshchadin
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Austria
| | - Roman Geier
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Austria
| | | | - Robert Liska
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Photopolymers in Digital and Restorative Dentistry, Technische Universität Wien, Austria
| | - Georg Gescheidt
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Austria
| | - Michael Haas
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Harald Stueger
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Graz, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010, Graz, Austria
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35
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Radebner J, Eibel A, Leypold M, Gorsche C, Schuh L, Fischer R, Torvisco A, Neshchadin D, Geier R, Moszner N, Liska R, Gescheidt G, Haas M, Stueger H. Tetraacylgermane: hochwirksame Photoinitiatoren für die radikalische Polymerisation mit sichtbarem Licht. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201611686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Judith Radebner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Technische Universität Graz; Stremayrgasse 9/IV 8010 Graz Österreich
| | - Anna Eibel
- Institute für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie; Technische Universität Graz; Österreich
| | - Mario Leypold
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Technische Universität Graz; Stremayrgasse 9/IV 8010 Graz Österreich
| | - Christian Gorsche
- Institut für Angewandte Synthesechemie und Christian Doppler, Laboratory for Photopolymers in Digital and Restorative Dentistry; Technische Universität Wien; Österreich
| | - Lukas Schuh
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Technische Universität Graz; Stremayrgasse 9/IV 8010 Graz Österreich
| | - Roland Fischer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Technische Universität Graz; Stremayrgasse 9/IV 8010 Graz Österreich
| | - Ana Torvisco
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Technische Universität Graz; Stremayrgasse 9/IV 8010 Graz Österreich
| | - Dmytro Neshchadin
- Institute für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie; Technische Universität Graz; Österreich
| | - Roman Geier
- Institute für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie; Technische Universität Graz; Österreich
| | | | - Robert Liska
- Institut für Angewandte Synthesechemie und Christian Doppler, Laboratory for Photopolymers in Digital and Restorative Dentistry; Technische Universität Wien; Österreich
| | - Georg Gescheidt
- Institute für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie; Technische Universität Graz; Österreich
| | - Michael Haas
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Technische Universität Graz; Stremayrgasse 9/IV 8010 Graz Österreich
| | - Harald Stueger
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Technische Universität Graz; Stremayrgasse 9/IV 8010 Graz Österreich
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36
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Gianetti TL, Rodríguez-Lugo RE, Harmer JR, Trincado M, Vogt M, Santiso-Quinones G, Grützmacher H. Zero-Valent Amino-Olefin Cobalt Complexes as Catalysts for Oxygen Atom Transfer Reactions from Nitrous Oxide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201609173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas L. Gianetti
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; ETH Zürich, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Rafael E. Rodríguez-Lugo
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; ETH Zürich, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1 8093 Zürich Switzerland
- Laboratorio de Química Bioinorgánica; Centro de Química; Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC); Caracas 1020-A Venezuela
| | - Jeffrey R. Harmer
- Centre for Advanced Imaging; University of Queensland; Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Monica Trincado
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; ETH Zürich, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Matthias Vogt
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; ETH Zürich, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1 8093 Zürich Switzerland
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie; Universität Bremen; Leobener Str. NW2 28359 Bremen Germany
| | - Gustavo Santiso-Quinones
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; ETH Zürich, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Hansjörg Grützmacher
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; ETH Zürich, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1 8093 Zürich Switzerland
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37
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Gianetti TL, Rodríguez-Lugo RE, Harmer JR, Trincado M, Vogt M, Santiso-Quinones G, Grützmacher H. Zero-Valent Amino-Olefin Cobalt Complexes as Catalysts for Oxygen Atom Transfer Reactions from Nitrous Oxide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:15323-15328. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201609173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas L. Gianetti
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; ETH Zürich, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Rafael E. Rodríguez-Lugo
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; ETH Zürich, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1 8093 Zürich Switzerland
- Laboratorio de Química Bioinorgánica; Centro de Química; Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC); Caracas 1020-A Venezuela
| | - Jeffrey R. Harmer
- Centre for Advanced Imaging; University of Queensland; Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Monica Trincado
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; ETH Zürich, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Matthias Vogt
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; ETH Zürich, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1 8093 Zürich Switzerland
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie; Universität Bremen; Leobener Str. NW2 28359 Bremen Germany
| | - Gustavo Santiso-Quinones
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; ETH Zürich, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Hansjörg Grützmacher
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; ETH Zürich, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1 8093 Zürich Switzerland
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38
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Frick E, Schweigert C, Noble BB, Ernst HA, Lauer A, Liang Y, Voll D, Coote ML, Unterreiner AN, Barner-Kowollik C. Toward a Quantitative Description of Radical Photoinitiator Structure–Reactivity Correlations. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b02336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Frick
- Preparative
Macromolecular Chemistry, Institut für Technische Chemie und
Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institut
für Biologische Grenzflächen, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Caroline Schweigert
- Institut
für Physikalische Chemie, Abteilung für Molekulare Physikalische
Chemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg
2, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Benjamin B. Noble
- ARC
Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Research School
of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
| | - Hanna A. Ernst
- Institut
für Physikalische Chemie, Abteilung für Molekulare Physikalische
Chemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg
2, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Andrea Lauer
- Preparative
Macromolecular Chemistry, Institut für Technische Chemie und
Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institut
für Biologische Grenzflächen, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Yu Liang
- Institut
für Physikalische Chemie, Abteilung für Molekulare Physikalische
Chemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg
2, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Dominik Voll
- Preparative
Macromolecular Chemistry, Institut für Technische Chemie und
Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institut
für Biologische Grenzflächen, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Michelle L. Coote
- ARC
Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Research School
of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
| | - Andreas-Neil Unterreiner
- Institut
für Physikalische Chemie, Abteilung für Molekulare Physikalische
Chemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg
2, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- Preparative
Macromolecular Chemistry, Institut für Technische Chemie und
Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institut
für Biologische Grenzflächen, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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39
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He MH, Su ML, Yu ZH, Chen GX, Zeng ZH, Yang JW. Benzoylformamides as new photocaged bases for photo-latent anion polymerization. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2014.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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40
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Sato Y, Kawaguchi SI, Ogawa A. Photoinduced reductive perfluoroalkylation of phosphine oxides: synthesis of P-perfluoroalkylated phosphines using TMDPO and perfluoroalkyl iodides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:10385-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc03427b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
P-Perfluoroalkylphosphines are synthesized by photoreaction between TMDPO and perfluoroalkyl iodides, with the reduction of phosphine oxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Sato
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Osaka Prefecture University
- Sakai
- Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Kawaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Osaka Prefecture University
- Sakai
- Japan
| | - Akiya Ogawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Osaka Prefecture University
- Sakai
- Japan
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41
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He MH, Xu RX, Chen GX, Zeng ZH, Yang JW. A thioxanthone-based photocaged superbase for highly effective free radical photopolymerization. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2014.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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