1
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Berlanga I, Rosenkranz A. Covalent organic frameworks in tribology - A perspective. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 331:103228. [PMID: 38901060 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks (2D COFs) are an emerging class of crystalline porous materials formed through covalent bonds between organic building blocks. COFs uniquely combine a large surface area, an excellent stability, numerous abundant active sites, and tunable functionalities, thus making them highly attractive for numerous applications. Especially, their abundant active sites and weak interlayer interaction make these materials promising candidates for tribological research. Recently, notable attention has been paid to COFs as lubricant additives due to their excellent tribological performance. Our review aims at critically summarizing the state-of-art developments of 2D COFs in tribology. We discuss their structural and functional design principles, as well as synthetic strategies with a special focus on tribology. The generation of COF thin films is also assessed in detail, which can alleviate their most challenging drawbacks for this application. Subsequently, we analyze the existing state-of-the-art regarding the usage of COFs as lubricant additives, self-lubrication composite coatings, and solid lubricants at the nanoscale. Finally, critical challenges and future trends of 2D COFs in tribology are outlined to initiate and boost new research activities in this exciting field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isadora Berlanga
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Materials, FCFM, University of Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile.
| | - Andreas Rosenkranz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Materials, FCFM, University of Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile; ANID - Millennium Science Initiative Program, Millennium Nuclei of Advanced MXenes for Sustainable Applications (AMXSA), Santiago, Chile.
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2
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Yao Y, Oberhofer H. Designing building blocks of covalent organic frameworks through on-the-fly batch-based Bayesian optimization. J Chem Phys 2024; 161:074102. [PMID: 39145552 DOI: 10.1063/5.0223540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
In this work, we use a Bayesian optimization (BO) algorithm to sample the space of covalent organic framework (COF) components aimed at the design of COFs with a high hole conductivity. COFs are crystalline, often porous coordination polymers, where organic molecular units-called building blocks (BBs)-are connected by covalent bonds. Even though we limit ourselves here to a space of three-fold symmetric BBs forming two-dimensional COF sheets, their design space is still much too large to be sampled by traditional means through evaluating the properties of each element in this space from first principles. In order to ensure valid BBs, we use a molecular generation algorithm that, by construction, leads to rigid three-fold symmetric molecules. The BO approach then trains two distinct surrogate models for two conductivity properties, level alignment vs a reference electrode and reorganization free energy, which are combined in a fitness function as the objective that evaluates BBs' conductivities. These continuously improving surrogates allow the prediction of a material's properties at a low computational cost. It thus allows us to select promising candidates which, together with candidates that are very different from the molecules already sampled, form the updated training sets of the surrogate models. In the course of 20 such training steps, we find a number of promising candidates, some being only variations on already known motifs and others being completely novel. Finally, we subject the six best such candidates to a computational reverse synthesis analysis to gauge their real-world synthesizability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Yao
- Department of Chemistry, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching b. München, Germany
- Chair for Theoretical Physics VII and Bavarian Center for Battery Technology, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Harald Oberhofer
- Chair for Theoretical Physics VII and Bavarian Center for Battery Technology, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany
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3
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Ma Y, Li J, Sun D, Wu Y, Liu C, Li H. Design of Three-Dimensional Mesoporous Adamantane-Based Covalent Organic Framework with Exceptionally High Surface Areas. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 39146512 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c10591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
The development of three-dimensional (3D) covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with large pores and high specific surface areas is of critical for practical applications. However, it remains a tremendous challenge to reconcile the contradiction between high porosity and high specific surface areas, and increasing the length of building blocks leads to structural interpenetration in 3D COFs. Here, we report the preparation of mesoporous three-dimensional COF by a new steric hindrance engineering method. By incorporating adamantane into the monomers instead of carbon centers, we successfully achieve 2-fold interpenetrated diamondoid-structured 3D COFs, featuring permanent mesopores (up to 33 Å), exceptionally high surface areas (>3400 m2 g-1), and low crystal densities (0.123 g cm-3). These properties far surpass those of most conventional 3D COFs with similar topologies. This work not only aims to construct 3D COFs with low interpenetration but also to establish a foundation for the systematic design and structural control of 3D COFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunchao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Preparation and Application of Environmental Friendly Materials, Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130103, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, P. R. China
| | - Jingyang Li
- Jilin Joint Technology Innovation Laboratory of Developing and Utilizing Materials of Reducing Pollution and Carbon Emissions, College of Engineering, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, P. R. China
| | - Dongshu Sun
- Jilin Joint Technology Innovation Laboratory of Developing and Utilizing Materials of Reducing Pollution and Carbon Emissions, College of Engineering, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Preparation and Application of Environmental Friendly Materials, Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun 130103, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, P. R. China
| | - Chunbo Liu
- Jilin Joint Technology Innovation Laboratory of Developing and Utilizing Materials of Reducing Pollution and Carbon Emissions, College of Engineering, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, P. R. China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
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Shahmirzaee M, Nagai A. An Appraisal for Providing Charge Transfer (CT) Through Synthetic Porous Frameworks for their Semiconductor Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307828. [PMID: 38368249 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been considerable focus on the development of charge transfer (CT) complex formation as a means to modify the band gaps of organic materials. In particular, CT complexes alternate layers of aromatic molecules with donor (D) and acceptor (A) properties to provide inherent electrical conductivity. In particular, the synthetic porous frameworks as attractive D-A components have been extensively studied in recent years in comparison to existing D-A materials. Therefore, in this work, the synthetic porous frameworks are classified into conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and compare high-quality materials for CT in semiconductors. This work updates the overview of the above porous frameworks for CT, starting with their early history regarding their semiconductor applications, and lists CT concepts and selected key developments in their CT complexes and CT composites. In addition, the network formation methods and their functionalization are discussed to provide access to a variety of potential applications. Furthermore, several theoretical investigations, efficiency improvement techniques, and a discussion of the electrical conductivity of the porous frameworks are also highlighted. Finally, a perspective of synthetic porous framework studies on CT performance is provided along with some comparisons.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Atsushi Nagai
- ENSEMBLE 3 - Centre of Excellence, Warsaw, 01-919, Poland
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5
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Tian PJ, Han XH, Qi QY, Zhao X. Identification of two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks with mcm topology and their application in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Chem Sci 2024; 15:9669-9675. [PMID: 38939151 PMCID: PMC11206236 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01780c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks have attracted considerable attention in recent years as a distinct class of crystalline porous organic materials. Their functional properties are inherently linked to their structural characteristics. Although hundreds of COFs have been reported so far, the types of their topologic structure are still limited. In this article, we report the identification of mcm topology for three porphyrin-based two-dimensional COFs, which are constructed from [4 + 4] imine condensation reactions. The mcm net is generated by pentagonal tiling, which has not been identified for COFs before. The structure of the COFs is elucidated by a variety of experimental characterization and structural simulations, by which their reticular frameworks exclusively composed of pentagonal pores have been confirmed. Moreover, the COFs exhibit high performance in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution from water, with the best one up to 10.0 mmol g-1 h-1 after depositing 0.76 wt% Pt as a co-catalyst. This study identifies mcm topology for COFs for the first time and highlights the potential of these COFs as promising photocatalysts for sustainable hydrogen production from water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Ju Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Xiang-Hao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Qiao-Yan Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Xin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
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6
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Fu GE, Yang H, Zhao W, Samorì P, Zhang T. 2D Conjugated Polymer Thin Films for Organic Electronics: Opportunities and Challenges. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2311541. [PMID: 38551322 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
2D conjugated polymers (2DCPs) possess extended in-plane π-conjugated lattice and out-of-plane π-π stacking, which results in enhanced electronic performance and potentially unique band structures. These properties, along with predesignability, well-defined channels, easy postmodification, and order structure attract extensive attention from material science to organic electronics. In this review, the recent advance in the interfacial synthesis and conductivity tuning strategies of 2DCP thin films, as well as their application in organic electronics is summarized. Furthermore, it is shown that, by combining topology structure design and targeted conductivity adjustment, researchers have fabricated 2DCP thin films with predesigned active groups, highly ordered structures, and enhanced conductivity. These films exhibit great potential for various thin-film organic electronics, such as organic transistors, memristors, electrochromism, chemiresistors, and photodetectors. Finally, the future research directions and perspectives of 2DCPs are discussed in terms of the interfacial synthetic design and structure engineering for the fabrication of fully conjugated 2DCP thin films, as well as the functional manipulation of conductivity to advance their applications in future organic electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-En Fu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Haoyong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Wenkai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Paolo Samorì
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Tao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
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7
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Sajid H. Effect of interlayer slipping on the geometric, thermal and adsorption properties of 2D covalent organic frameworks: a comprehensive review based on computational modelling studies. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:8577-8603. [PMID: 38421236 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00094c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks (2D-COFs) are a class of crystalline porous organic polymers, consisting of 2D-planar sheets stacked together perpendicularly via noncovalent forces. Since their discovery, 2D-COFs have attracted extensive attention for optoelectronic and adsorption applications. Owing to the layer stacking nature of 2D COFs, various new slipped structures that are energetically favourable can be designed. These interlayer slipped structures are actively responsible for tuning (mostly enhancing) the optoelectronic properties, thermal properties, and mechanical strength of 2D COFs. This review summarizes the effect of interlayer slipping on the energetic stability, electronic behaviour and gas adsorption properties of 2D layered COFs, which is explained through computational modelling simulations. Since computational modelling offers a deep insight into electronic behaviour at the atomic scale, which is potentially impossible through experimental techniques, the introduction and role of computational techniques in such studies have also been described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasnain Sajid
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK.
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8
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Lorenzen T, März B, Xue T, Beyer A, Volz K, Bein T, Müller-Caspary K. Imaging built-in electric fields and light matter by Fourier-precession TEM. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1320. [PMID: 38225247 PMCID: PMC10789819 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51423-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
We report the precise measurement of electric fields in nanostructures, and high-contrast imaging of soft matter at ultralow electron doses by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In particular, a versatile method based on the theorem of reciprocity is introduced to enable differential phase contrast imaging and ptychography in conventional, plane-wave illumination TEM. This is realised by a series of TEM images acquired under different tilts, thereby introducing the sampling rate in reciprocal space as a tuneable parameter, in contrast to momentum-resolved scanning techniques. First, the electric field of a p-n junction in GaAs is imaged. Second, low-dose, in-focus ptychographic and DPC characterisation of Kagome pores in weakly scattering covalent organic frameworks is demonstrated by using a precessing electron beam in combination with a direct electron detector. The approach offers utmost flexibility to record relevant spatial frequencies selectively, while acquisition times and dose requirements are significantly reduced compared to the 4D-STEM counterpart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tizian Lorenzen
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 11, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Benjamin März
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 11, 81377, München, Germany
- Louisiana State University Shared Instrumentation Facility (LSUSIF), 121 Chemistry and Materials Building, 4048 Highland Rd., Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Tianhao Xue
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 11, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Andreas Beyer
- Department of Physics, Philipps University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 6, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Kerstin Volz
- Department of Physics, Philipps University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 6, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Bein
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 11, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Knut Müller-Caspary
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 11, 81377, München, Germany.
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Liu Y, Liu X, Su A, Gong C, Chen S, Xia L, Zhang C, Tao X, Li Y, Li Y, Sun T, Bu M, Shao W, Zhao J, Li X, Peng Y, Guo P, Han Y, Zhu Y. Revolutionizing the structural design and determination of covalent-organic frameworks: principles, methods, and techniques. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:502-544. [PMID: 38099340 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00287j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) represent an important class of crystalline porous materials with designable structures and functions. The interconnected organic monomers, featuring pre-designed symmetries and connectivities, dictate the structures of COFs, endowing them with high thermal and chemical stability, large surface area, and tunable micropores. Furthermore, by utilizing pre-functionalization or post-synthetic functionalization strategies, COFs can acquire multifunctionalities, leading to their versatile applications in gas separation/storage, catalysis, and optoelectronic devices. Our review provides a comprehensive account of the latest advancements in the principles, methods, and techniques for structural design and determination of COFs. These cutting-edge approaches enable the rational design and precise elucidation of COF structures, addressing fundamental physicochemical challenges associated with host-guest interactions, topological transformations, network interpenetration, and defect-mediated catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yikuan Liu
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Institute for Frontier and Interdisciplinary Sciences, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering and College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xiaona Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Lower-Carbon Catalysis Technology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - An Su
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Institute for Frontier and Interdisciplinary Sciences, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering and College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Chengtao Gong
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Institute for Frontier and Interdisciplinary Sciences, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering and College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Shenwei Chen
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Institute for Frontier and Interdisciplinary Sciences, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering and College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Liwei Xia
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Institute for Frontier and Interdisciplinary Sciences, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering and College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Chengwei Zhang
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Institute for Frontier and Interdisciplinary Sciences, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering and College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xiaohuan Tao
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Institute for Frontier and Interdisciplinary Sciences, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering and College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yue Li
- Institute of Intelligent Computing, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Yonghe Li
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Institute for Frontier and Interdisciplinary Sciences, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering and College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Tulai Sun
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Institute for Frontier and Interdisciplinary Sciences, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering and College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Mengru Bu
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Institute for Frontier and Interdisciplinary Sciences, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering and College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Wei Shao
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Institute for Frontier and Interdisciplinary Sciences, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering and College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jia Zhao
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Institute for Frontier and Interdisciplinary Sciences, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering and College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xiaonian Li
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Institute for Frontier and Interdisciplinary Sciences, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering and College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yongwu Peng
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Institute for Frontier and Interdisciplinary Sciences, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering and College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Peng Guo
- National Engineering Research Center of Lower-Carbon Catalysis Technology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Yu Han
- School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Yihan Zhu
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Institute for Frontier and Interdisciplinary Sciences, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering and College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.
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10
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Zhang S, Lombardo L, Tsujimoto M, Fan Z, Berdichevsky EK, Wei YS, Kageyama K, Nishiyama Y, Horike S. Synthesizing Interpenetrated Triazine-based Covalent Organic Frameworks from CO 2. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202312095. [PMID: 37743667 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202312095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Crystalline triazine-based covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are aromatic nitrogen-rich porous materials. COFs typically show high thermal/chemical stability, and are promising for energy applications, but often require harsh synthesis conditions and suffer from low crystallinity. In this work, we propose an environmentally friendly route for the synthesis of crystalline COFs from CO2 molecules as a precursor. The mass ratio of CO2 conversion into COFs formula unit reaches 46.3 %. The synthesis consists of two steps; preparation of 1,4-piperazinedicarboxaldehyde from CO2 and piperazine, and condensation of the dicarboxaldehyde and melamine to construct the framework. The CO2 -derived COF has a 3-fold interpenetrated structure of 2D layers determined by powder X-ray diffraction, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and select-area electron diffraction. The structure shows a high Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area of 945 m2 g-1 and high stability against strong acid (6 M HCl), base (6 M NaOH), and boiling water over 24 hours. Post-modification of the framework with oxone has been demonstrated to modulate hydrophilicity, and it exhibits proton conductivity of 2.5×10-2 S cm-1 at 85 °C, 95 % of relative humidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siquan Zhang
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Loris Lombardo
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masahiko Tsujimoto
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Zeyu Fan
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Ellan K Berdichevsky
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yong-Sheng Wei
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Kotoha Kageyama
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | | | - Satoshi Horike
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Rayong, 21210, Thailand
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
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11
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Xia Y, Zhang W, Yang S, Wang L, Yu G. Research Progress in Donor-Acceptor Type Covalent Organic Frameworks. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2301190. [PMID: 37094607 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202301190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are new organic porous materials constructed by covalent bonds, with the advantages of pre-designable topology, adjustable pore size, and abundant active sites. Many research studies have shown that COFs exhibit great potential in gas adsorption, molecular separation, catalysis, drug delivery, energy storage, etc. However, the electrons and holes of intrinsic COF are prone to compounding in transport, and the carrier lifetime is short. The donor-acceptor (D-A) type COFs, which are synthesized by introducing D and A units into the COFs backbone, combine separated electron and hole migration pathway, tunable band gap and optoelectronic properties of D-A type polymers with the unique advantages of COFs and have made great progress in related research in recent years. Here, the synthetic strategies of D-A type COFs are first outlined, including the rational design of linkages and D-A units as well as functionalization approaches. Then the applications of D-A type COFs in catalytic reactions, photothermal therapy, and electronic materials are systematically summarized. In the final section, the current challenges, and new directions for the development of D-A type COFs are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeqing Xia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Weifeng Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Liping Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Gui Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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12
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Jiang QQ, Li YJ, Wu Q, Liang RP, Wang X, Zhang R, Wang YA, Liu X, Qiu JD. Molecular Insertion: A Master Key to Unlock Smart Photoelectric Responses of Covalent Organic Frameworks. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2302254. [PMID: 37236205 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) show potentials in prominent photoelectric responses by judicious structural design. However, from the selections of monomers and condensation reactions to the synthesis procedures, the acquisition of photoelectric COFs has to meet overmuch high conditions, limiting the breakthrough and modulation in photoelectric responses. Herein, the study reports a creative "lock-key model" based on molecular insertion strategy. A COF with suitable cavity size, TP-TBDA, is used as the host to load guests. Merely through the volatilization of mixed solution, TP-TBDA and guests can be spontaneously assembled via non-covalent interactions (NCIs) to produce molecular-inserted COFs (MI-COFs). The NCIs between TP-TBDA and guests acted as a bridge to facilitate charge transfer in MI-COFs, unlocking the photoelectric responses of TP-TBDA. By exploiting the controllability of NCIs, the MI-COFs can realize the smart modulation of photoelectric responses by simply changing the guest molecule, thus avoiding the arduous selection of monomers and condensation reactions required by conventional COFs. The construction of molecular-inserted COFs circumvents complicated procedures for achieving performance improvement and modulation, providing a promising direction to construct late-model photoelectric responsive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao-Qiao Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Ya-Jie Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Ru-Ping Liang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Xun Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Ying-Ao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Xin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Jian-Ding Qiu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology (ECUT), Nanchang, 330013, China
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13
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Jiang J, He K, Cai X, Yu H, Zuo M, Yun G, Yun T, Ma Y, Zhang Z, Liu Y, Wang Z. Construction of highly-stable covalent organic framework with combined enol-imine and keto-enamine linkages. RSC Adv 2023; 13:14776-14781. [PMID: 37197180 PMCID: PMC10184012 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra02251j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel covalent organic framework (COF) (Tp-BI-COF) with combined ketimine-type enol-imine and keto-enamine linkages was prepared through a cascade of ketimine condensation followed by aldimine condensation and characterized by XRD, solid state 13C NMR, IR, TGA and BET. Tp-BI-COF showed high stability toward acid, organic solvent, and boiling water. The 2D COF exhibited photochromic properties after being irradiated with a xenon lamp. The stable COF, with aligned one-dimensional nanochannels, provided nitrogen sites on pore walls, which confine and stabilize the H3PO4 in the channel via hydrogen-bonding interactions. After loading with H3PO4, the material showed excellent anhydrous proton conductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Jiang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Mudanjiang Normal University Mudanjiang 157011 P. R. China
| | - Kaiyu He
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Mudanjiang Normal University Mudanjiang 157011 P. R. China
| | - Xue Cai
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Mudanjiang Normal University Mudanjiang 157011 P. R. China
| | - Hong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 P. R. China
| | - Minghui Zuo
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Mudanjiang Normal University Mudanjiang 157011 P. R. China
| | - Guan Yun
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Mudanjiang Normal University Mudanjiang 157011 P. R. China
| | - Tao Yun
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Mudanjiang Normal University Mudanjiang 157011 P. R. China
| | - Yue Ma
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Mudanjiang Normal University Mudanjiang 157011 P. R. China
| | - Zitong Zhang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Mudanjiang Normal University Mudanjiang 157011 P. R. China
| | - Yunling Liu
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University 2519 Jiefang Road Changchun 130021 P. R. China
| | - Zhenlu Wang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University 2519 Jiefang Road Changchun 130021 P. R. China
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14
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Zojer E. Electrostatic Design of the Nanoscale Internal Surfaces of Porous Covalent Organic Frameworks. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:3558-3564. [PMID: 37014999 PMCID: PMC10141416 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c00722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
It is well established that the collective action of assemblies of dipoles determines the electronic structure of surfaces and interfaces. This raises the question, to what extent the controlled arrangement of polar units can be used to also tune the electronic properties of the inner surfaces of materials with nanoscale pores. In the present contribution, state-of-the-art density-functional theory calculations are used to show for the prototypical case of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) that this is indeed possible. Decorating pore walls with assemblies of polar entities bonded to the building blocks of the COF layers triggers a massive change of the electrostatic energy within the pores. This, inevitably, also changes the relative alignment between electronic states in the framework and in guest molecules and is expected to have significant impacts on charge separation in COF heterojunctions, on redox reactions in COFs-based electrodes, and on (photo)catalysis.
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15
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Zhang KM, Ji MF, Zhou XY, Xuan F, Duan BY, Yuan Y, Liu GX, Duan HB, Zhao HR. The proton conduction behavior of two 1D open-framework metal phosphates with similar crystal structures and different hydrogen bond networks. RSC Adv 2023; 13:12703-12711. [PMID: 37197361 PMCID: PMC10183717 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01130e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Two open-framework zinc phosphates [C3N2H12][Zn(HPO4)2] (1) and [C6N4H22]0.5[Zn(HPO4)2] (2) were synthesized via hydrothermal reaction and characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis and scanning electron microscopy. Both compounds have a similar crystal structure and macroscopic morphology. However, the difference in equilibrium cations, in which the propylene diamine is for 1 and the triethylenetetramine is for 2, results in a significant distinction in the dense hydrogen grid. The diprotonated propylene diamine molecule in 1 is more favorable for forming a hydrogen-bond network in three dimensions than in 2, in which the twisted triethylenetetramine forms a hydrogen bond grid with the inorganic framework only in two dimensions owing to its large steric effect. This distinction further leads to a disparity in the proton conductivity of both compounds. The proton conductivity of 1 can reach 1.00 × 10-3 S cm-1 under ambient conditions (303 K and 75% RH) and then increase to 1.11 × 10-2 S cm-1 at 333 K and 99% RH, which is the highest value among the open-framework metal phosphate proton conductors operated in the same conduction. In contrast, the proton conductivity of 2 is four orders of magnitude smaller than 1 at 303 K and 75% RH and two orders smaller than 1 at 333 K and 99% RH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Ming Zhang
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology Nanjing 211167 P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials and Application Technology 1 Hongjing Road Nanjing 211167 P. R. China
| | - Min-Fang Ji
- School of Environmental Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University Nanjing 210009 P. R +86 25 13914700426
| | - Xue-Yi Zhou
- School of Environmental Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University Nanjing 210009 P. R +86 25 13914700426
| | - Fang Xuan
- School of Environmental Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University Nanjing 210009 P. R +86 25 13914700426
| | - Bo-Yuan Duan
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology Nanjing 211167 P. R. China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology Nanjing 211167 P. R. China
| | - Guang-Xiang Liu
- School of Environmental Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University Nanjing 210009 P. R +86 25 13914700426
| | - Hai-Bao Duan
- School of Environmental Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University Nanjing 210009 P. R +86 25 13914700426
| | - Hai-Rong Zhao
- School of Environmental Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University Nanjing 210009 P. R +86 25 13914700426
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16
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Wang W, Gong M, Zhu D, Vakili M, Gholami Z, Jiang H, Zhou S, Qu H. Post-synthetic thiol modification of covalent organic frameworks for mercury(II) removal from water. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ECOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 14:100236. [PMID: 36793397 PMCID: PMC9923162 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2023.100236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Various materials have been developed for environmental remediation of mercury ion pollution. Among these materials, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) can efficiently adsorb Hg(II) from water. Herein, two thiol-modified COFs (COF-S-SH and COF-OH-SH) were prepared, through the reaction between 2,5-divinylterephthalaldehyde and 1,3,5-tris-(4-aminophenyl)benzene, followed by post-synthetic modification using bis(2-mercaptoethyl) sulfide and dithiothreitol, respectively. The modified COFs showed excellent Hg(II) adsorption abilities with maximum adsorption capacities of 586.3 and 535.5 mg g-1 for COF-S-SH and COF-OH-SH, respectively. The prepared materials showed excellent selective absorbability for Hg(II) against multiple cationic metals in water. Unexpectedly, the experimental data showed that both co-existing toxic anionic diclofenac sodium (DCF) and Hg(II) performed positive effect for capturing another pollutant by these two modified COFs. Thus, a synergistic adsorption mechanism between Hg(II) and DCF on COFs was proposed. Moreover, density functional theory calculations revealed that synergistic adsorption occurred between Hg(II) and DCF, which resulted in a significant reduction in the adsorption system's energy. This work highlights a new direction for application of COFs to simultaneous removal of heavy metals and co-existing organic pollutants from water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xi'ning, Qinghai Province, 810016, China
| | - Minjuan Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xi'ning, Qinghai Province, 810016, China
| | - Donghai Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xi'ning, Qinghai Province, 810016, China
| | | | - Zahra Gholami
- ORLEN UniCRE, a.s, Revoluční 1521/84, 400 01, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Huanhuan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xi'ning, Qinghai Province, 810016, China
| | - Shuangxi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xi'ning, Qinghai Province, 810016, China
| | - Han Qu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
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17
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Li Y, Su X, Zheng W, Zheng JJ, Guo L, Bonn M, Gao X, Wang HI, Chen L. Targeted Synthesis of Isomeric Naphthalene-Based 2D Kagome Covalent Organic Frameworks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202216795. [PMID: 36627239 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202216795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Targeted synthesis of kagome (kgm) topologic 2D covalent organic frameworks remains challenging, presumably due to the severe dependence on building units and synthetic conditions. Herein, two isomeric "two-in-one" monomers with different lengths of substituted arms based on naphthalene core (p-Naph and m-Naph) are elaborately designed and utilized for the defined synthesis of isomeric kgm Naph-COFs. The two isomeric frameworks exhibit splendid crystallinity and showcase the same chemical composition and topologic structure with, however, different pore channels. Interestingly, C60 is able to uniformly be encapsulated into the triangle channels of m-Naph-COF via in situ incorporation method, while not the isomeric p-Naph-COF, likely due to the different pore structures of the two isomeric COFs. The resulting stable C60 @m-Naph-COF composite exhibits much higher photoconductivity than the m-Naph-COF owing to charge transfer between the conjugated skeletons and C60 guests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.,Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Xi Su
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Wenhao Zheng
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jia-Jia Zheng
- laboratory of theoretical and computational nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Linshuo Guo
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Mischa Bonn
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Xingfa Gao
- laboratory of theoretical and computational nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Hai I Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Long Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
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18
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Li X, Jia K, Luo Y, Huang G, Zhang J, Zhong C, He R, Zhu L, Wu F. In situ composition of Thienothiophene-based covalent organic framework on carbon nanotube as a host for high performance Li-S batteries. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 643:563-573. [PMID: 37031070 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.03.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) is a promising secondary battery system with high energy density and environment-friendly characteristics, however, the severe "shuttle effect" and poor conductivity usually lead to short service life and low initial capacity. Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) with excellent conductivity and large quantity of cavities are promising host materials, whereas, the weak interaction between CNTs and polysulfides usually leads to serious shuttle effect in charge/discharge processes. Herein, thienothiophene-based covalent organic framework is uniformly wrapped on the outer surface of CNTs to form a nanocomposite TT-BOST@CNT. It is observed that the coexistence of the electron-rich S, O and the electron-deficient B atoms enables the effective adsorption of both Li+ and Sx2- in lithium polysulfides (LiPSs). Studies reveal that the B, O and S atoms endow the nanocomposite with good catalysis ability, whereby, conversion of the insoluble long-chain polysulfides to the soluble short-chain polysulfides is accelerated. Consequently, the TT-BOST@CNT/S cathode displays outstanding electrochemical performance, with a high discharge specific capacity of 1545 mAh g-1 at 0.2 C and a small attenuation rate of 0.035% per cycle in 1000 cycles at 1 C.
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19
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Zbonikowski R, Mente P, Bończak B, Paczesny J. Adaptive 2D and Pseudo-2D Systems: Molecular, Polymeric, and Colloidal Building Blocks for Tailored Complexity. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:855. [PMID: 36903733 PMCID: PMC10005801 DOI: 10.3390/nano13050855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional and pseudo-2D systems come in various forms. Membranes separating protocells from the environment were necessary for life to occur. Later, compartmentalization allowed for the development of more complex cellular structures. Nowadays, 2D materials (e.g., graphene, molybdenum disulfide) are revolutionizing the smart materials industry. Surface engineering allows for novel functionalities, as only a limited number of bulk materials have the desired surface properties. This is realized via physical treatment (e.g., plasma treatment, rubbing), chemical modifications, thin film deposition (using both chemical and physical methods), doping and formulation of composites, or coating. However, artificial systems are usually static. Nature creates dynamic and responsive structures, which facilitates the formation of complex systems. The challenge of nanotechnology, physical chemistry, and materials science is to develop artificial adaptive systems. Dynamic 2D and pseudo-2D designs are needed for future developments of life-like materials and networked chemical systems in which the sequences of the stimuli would control the consecutive stages of the given process. This is crucial to achieving versatility, improved performance, energy efficiency, and sustainability. Here, we review the advancements in studies on adaptive, responsive, dynamic, and out-of-equilibrium 2D and pseudo-2D systems composed of molecules, polymers, and nano/microparticles.
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20
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Construction of magnetic COF composites for lead removal with fast dynamics and superior capacity. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2023.104705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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21
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Bag S, Sasmal HS, Chaudhary SP, Dey K, Blätte D, Guntermann R, Zhang Y, Položij M, Kuc A, Shelke A, Vijayaraghavan RK, Ajithkumar TG, Bhattacharyya S, Heine T, Bein T, Banerjee R. Covalent Organic Framework Thin-Film Photodetectors from Solution-Processable Porous Nanospheres. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:1649-1659. [PMID: 36622362 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c09838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of homogeneous covalent organic framework (COF) thin films on a desired substrate with decent crystallinity, porosity, and uniform thickness has great potential for optoelectronic applications. We have used a solution-processable sphere transmutation process to synthesize 300 ± 20 nm uniform COF thin films on a 2 × 2 cm2 TiO2-coated fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) surface. This process controls the nucleation of COF crystallites and molecular morphology that helps the nanospheres to arrange periodically to form homogeneous COF thin films. We have synthesized four COF thin films (TpDPP, TpEtBt, TpTab, and TpTta) with different functional backbones. In a close agreement between the experiment and density functional theory, the TpEtBr COF film showed the lowest optical band gap (2.26 eV) and highest excited-state lifetime (8.52 ns) among all four COF films. Hence, the TpEtBr COF film can participate in efficient charge generation and separation. We constructed optoelectronic devices having a glass/FTO/TiO2/COF-film/Au architecture, which serves as a model system to study the optoelectronic charge transport properties of COF thin films under dark and illuminated conditions. Visible light with a calibrated intensity of 100 mW cm-2 was used for the excitation of COF thin films. All of the COF thin films exhibit significant photocurrent after illumination with visible light in comparison to the dark. Hence, all of the COF films behave as good photoactive substrates with minimal pinhole defects. The fabricated out-of-plane photodetector device based on the TpEtBr COF thin film exhibits high photocurrent density (2.65 ± 0.24 mA cm-2 at 0.5 V) and hole mobility (8.15 ± 0.64 ×10-3 cm2 V-1 S-1) compared to other as-synthesized films, indicating the best photoactive characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Bag
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur741246, India.,Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur741246, India
| | - Himadri Sekhar Sasmal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur741246, India.,Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur741246, India
| | - Sonu Pratap Chaudhary
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur741246, India.,Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur741246, India
| | - Kaushik Dey
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur741246, India.,Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur741246, India
| | - Dominic Blätte
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13 (E), 81377Munich, Germany
| | - Roman Guntermann
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13 (E), 81377Munich, Germany
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstrasse 66c, 01069Dresden, Germany
| | - Miroslav Položij
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstrasse 66c, 01069Dresden, Germany
| | - Agnieszka Kuc
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Abteilung Ressourcenökologie, Forschungsstelle Leipzig, 04318Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ankita Shelke
- Central NMR Facility and Physical/Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune411008, India
| | - Ratheesh K Vijayaraghavan
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur741246, India.,Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur741246, India
| | - Thalasseril G Ajithkumar
- Central NMR Facility and Physical/Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune411008, India
| | - Sayan Bhattacharyya
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur741246, India.,Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur741246, India
| | - Thomas Heine
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstrasse 66c, 01069Dresden, Germany.,Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Abteilung Ressourcenökologie, Forschungsstelle Leipzig, 04318Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University and IBS Center for Nanomedicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Thomas Bein
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13 (E), 81377Munich, Germany
| | - Rahul Banerjee
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur741246, India.,Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur741246, India
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22
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Kaur G, Kumar D, Sundarrajan S, Ramakrishna S, Kumar P. Recent Trends in the Design, Synthesis and Biomedical Applications of Covalent Organic Frameworks. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 15:polym15010139. [PMID: 36616488 PMCID: PMC9824193 DOI: 10.3390/polym15010139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The most recent and advanced class of crystalline and permeable compounds are covalent organic frameworks (COFs). Due to their exceptional qualities, such as their porous structure, high surface area, strong chemical and thermal stabilities, low density, good water stability, luminescent nature, and so on, COFs have seen remarkable growth over the past ten years. COFs have been successfully researched for a number of applications based on these characteristics. The current state of COFs has been reported in this study, with particular attention paid to their design, topology, synthesis, and a variety of biological applications, including drug delivery systems, photodynamic and photothermal therapy, biosensing, bioimaging, etc. Moreover, several miscellaneous applications, such as catalysis, gas storage and separation, photocatalysis, sensors, solar cells, supercapacitors, and 3D printers, have also been explored. It is significant that we have examined current research on COFs with a focus on the biological applications, which are infrequently covered in the literature. Descriptions of the difficulties and prospective outcomes have also been given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gagandeep Kaur
- Materials Application Research Laboratory (MARL), Department of Nano Sciences and Materials, Central University of Jammu, Rahya Suchani, Jammu 181143, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh 123031, India
| | - Subramanian Sundarrajan
- NUS Centre for Nanotechnology and Sustainability, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lower Kent Ridge, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117581, Singapore
- Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
- Correspondence: (S.S.); or (P.K.)
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- NUS Centre for Nanotechnology and Sustainability, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lower Kent Ridge, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117581, Singapore
| | - Pawan Kumar
- Materials Application Research Laboratory (MARL), Department of Nano Sciences and Materials, Central University of Jammu, Rahya Suchani, Jammu 181143, India
- Correspondence: (S.S.); or (P.K.)
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23
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Venkatesh N, Murugadoss G, Mohamed AAA, Kumar MR, Peera SG, Sakthivel P. A Novel Nanocomposite Based on Triazine Based Covalent Organic Polymer Blended with Porous g-C 3N 4 for Photo Catalytic Dye Degradation of Rose Bengal and Fast Green. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27217168. [PMID: 36363995 PMCID: PMC9657678 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Metal free visible light active photocatalysts of covalent organic polymers (COPs) and polymeric graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) are interesting porous catalysts that have enormous potential for application in organic pollutant degradation. Imine condensation for COPs, and thermal condensation for g-C3N4 were used to produce the catalysts. FT-IR, Raman, NMR, UV-Vis Spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy studies were used to investigate the structural, optical, and morphological features of the metal free catalysts. We have constructed COPs with a π-electron deficient (Lewis acidic) triazine core and π -electron rich (Lewis basic) naphthalene and anthraquinone rings coupled by -O and -N donors in this study. Furthermore, the prepared Bulk-g-C3N4 (B-GCN) was converted to porous g-C3N4 (P-GCN) using a chemical oxidation process, and the generated P-GCN was efficiently mixed with the COP to create a novel nanocomposite for photocatalytic application. Using the anthraquinone-based COP and P-GCN (1:1 ratio, PA-GCN) catalyst, the highest photodegradation efficiencies for the polymeric graphitic carbon nitride of 88.2% and 82.3% were achieved using the Fast green (FG) and Rose bengal (RB) dyes, respectively. The rate constant values of 0.032 and 0.024/min were determined for FG and RB degradation, respectively. Higher activity may be related to the incorporation of COP and PA-GCN, which act significantly well in higher visible light absorption, have superior reactive oxygen generation (ROS), and demonstrate an excellent pollutant-catalyst interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nachimuthu Venkatesh
- Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Govindhasamy Murugadoss
- Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
- Correspondence: (G.M.); (S.G.P.); (P.S.)
| | - Abdul Azeez Ashif Mohamed
- Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Manavalan Rajesh Kumar
- Institute of Natural Science and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Shaik Gouse Peera
- Department of Environmental Science, Keimyung University, Dalseo-gu, Daegu 42601, Korea
- Correspondence: (G.M.); (S.G.P.); (P.S.)
| | - Pachagounder Sakthivel
- Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
- Correspondence: (G.M.); (S.G.P.); (P.S.)
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24
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Liu W, Gong L, Liu Z, Jin Y, Pan H, Yang X, Yu B, Li N, Qi D, Wang K, Wang H, Jiang J. Conjugated Three-Dimensional High-Connected Covalent Organic Frameworks for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:17209-17218. [PMID: 36084308 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c07596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Developing conjugated three-dimensional (3D) covalent organic frameworks (COFs) still remains an extremely difficult task due to the lack of enough conjugated 3D building blocks. Herein, condensation between an 8-connected pentiptycene-based D2h building block (DMOPTP) and 4-connected square-planar linkers affords two 3D COFs (named 3D-scu-COF-1 and 3D-scu-COF-2). A combination of the 3D homoaromatic conjugated structure of the former building block with the 2D conjugated structure of the latter linking units enables the π-electron delocalization over the whole frameworks of both COFs, endowing them with excellent conductivities of 3.2-3.5 × 10-5 S cm-1. In particular, the 3D rigid quadrangular prism shape of DMOPTP guides the formation of a twofold interpenetrated scu 3D topology and high-connected permanent porosity with a large Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of 2340 and 1602 m2 g-1 for 3D-scu-COF-1 and 3D-scu-COF-2, respectively, ensuring effective small molecule storage and mass transport characteristics. This, in combination with their good charge transport properties, renders them promising sulfur host materials for lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) with high capacities (1035-1155 mA h g-1 at 0.2 C, 1 C = 1675 mA g-1), excellent rate capabilities (713-757 mA h g-1 at 5.0 C), and superior cycling stability (71-83% capacity retention at 2.0 C after 500 cycles), surpassing the most of organic LSB cathodes reported thus far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lei Gong
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhixin Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yucheng Jin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Houhe Pan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiya Yang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Baoqiu Yu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ning Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Dongdong Qi
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Kang Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jianzhuang Jiang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
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25
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Wang P, Zhang R, Wu Y, Chang Y, Liu M. An Electrochemical Aptasensor Integrating Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework for Highly Selective Detection of Bioaerosols. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12090725. [PMID: 36140110 PMCID: PMC9496278 DOI: 10.3390/bios12090725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Bioaerosols are the biological materials in the air, which may cause a continuous threat to human health. However, there are many challenges in monitoring bioaerosols such as lack of sensitivity and selectivity. Herein, we synthesized a series of nanohybrids containing zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) to construct an electrochemical aptasensor for detecting adenosine triphosphate (ATP), a biomarker for bioaerosols. The synthesized nanohybrids can not only improve the selectivity of aptasensor because of the original crystal and chemical features of ZIF-67, but also boost its sensitivity due to the excellent conductivity of COFs. After optimizing the nanohybrids, the novel developed sensing platform achieved highly selective detection of ATP with an excellent detection limit of 0.11 nM in a wide linear range from 0.1 nM to 100 nM. Furthermore, this assay was applied to detect bioaerosols in real air samples, and the result showed a positive correlation with that of the culturing-based method, suggesting its potential applicability.
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26
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Yang Y, Luo N, Lin S, Yao H, Cai Y. Cyano Substituent on the Olefin Linkage: Promoting Rather than Inhibiting the Performance of Covalent Organic Frameworks. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c02908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongliang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R.China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Na Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R.China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Shiyun Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Organic OptoElectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Huan Yao
- Division of Chemistry and Analytical Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Yaqi Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R.China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, P. R. China
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27
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28
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She P, Qin Y, Wang X, Zhang Q. Recent Progress in External-Stimulus-Responsive 2D Covalent Organic Frameworks. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2101175. [PMID: 34240479 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202101175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Recently, smart 2D covalent organic frameworks (COFs), combining the advantages of both inherent structure features and functional building blocks, have been demonstrated to show reversible changes in conformation, color, and luminescence in response to external stimuli. This review provides a summary on the recent progress of 2D COFs that are responsive to external stimuli such as metal ions, gas molecules, pH values, temperature, electricity, light, etc. Moreover, the responsive mechanisms and design strategies, along with the applications of these stimulus-responsive 2D COFs in chemical sensors and photoelectronic devices are also discussed. It is believed that this review would provide some guidelines for designing novel single-/multistimulus-responsive 2D COFs with controllable responsive behaviors for advanced photoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei She
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Yanyan Qin
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Qichun Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
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29
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Yang L, Huang N. Covalent organic frameworks for applications in lithium batteries. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liting Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Ning Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
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30
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Zhang T, Gregoriou VG, Gasparini N, Chochos CL. Porous organic polymers in solar cells. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:4465-4483. [PMID: 35583184 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00123c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Owing to their unique porosity and large surface area, porous organic polymers (POPs) have shown their presence in numerous novel applications. The tunability and functionality of both the pores and backbone of the material enable its suitability in photovoltaic devices. The porosity induced host-guest configurations as well as periodic donor-acceptor structures benefit the charge separation and charge transfer in photophysical processes. The role of POPS in other critical device components, such as hole transporting layers and electrodes, has also been demonstrated. Herein, this review will primarily focus on the recent progress made in applying POPs for solar cell device performance enhancement, covering organic solar cells, perovskite solar cells, and dye-sensitized solar cells. Based on the efforts in recent years in unraveling POP's photophysical process and its relevance with device performances, an in-depth analysis will be provided to address the gradual shift of attention from an entirely POP-based active layer to other device functional components. Combining the insights from device physics, material synthesis, and microfabrication, we aim to unfold the fundamental limitations and challenges of POPs and shed light on future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Vasilis G Gregoriou
- Advent Technologies SA, Stadiou Street, Platani, Rio, Patras 26504, Greece. .,National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, Athens, 11635, Greece
| | - Nicola Gasparini
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Christos L Chochos
- Advent Technologies SA, Stadiou Street, Platani, Rio, Patras 26504, Greece. .,Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, Athens 11635, Greece
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31
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Li G, Tian W, Zhong C, Yang Y, Lin Z. Construction of Donor-Acceptor Heteroporous Covalent Organic Frameworks as Photoregulated Oxidase-like Nanozymes for Sensing Signal Amplification. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:21750-21757. [PMID: 35482589 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c04391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials with enzyme-like characteristics (called nanozymes) show their extreme potentials as alternatives to natural enzymes. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) as metal-free nanozymes have attracted huge attention for catalytic applications due to their flexible molecular design and synthetic strategies and conjugated, porous, and chemically stable architectures. Designing high-performance two-dimensional (2D) porous COF materials embedded with functional building units for modulating nanozymes' catalytic activity is of immense importance in contemporary research. The proper combination of donor-acceptor (D-A) fragments within a porous COF skeleton is an effective strategy to decrease the band gap and provide a strong charge-transfer pathway for highly effective charge separation. Herein, two donor-acceptor heteroporous COFs using an electron-deficient 4,4'-(thiazolo[5,4-d]thiazole-2,5-diyl)dibenzaldehyde (Tz) unit or 4,4'-(benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole-4,7-diyl)dibenzaldehyde (Td) unit and electron-rich tetrakis(4-aminophenyl)ethane (ETTA) linkers were presented. The resulting crystalline and heteroporous COFs showed outstanding oxidase-like activity under light irradiation, which can catalyze the oxidation of typical substrates and corresponding evolution in color and absorption. The light-activatable ETTA-Tz COF with prominent oxidase-like activity can serve as a colorimetric probe for quantitative detection of sulfide ions with a linear range of 1-50 μM and a detection limit of 0.27 μM within 3 min. The colorimetric approach could also be used for sulfide ion detection in human serum samples. The research demonstrated the future potential of D-A motifs within fully conjugated COFs to obtain excellent mimic enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guorong Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Analytical Science for Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Wenchang Tian
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Analytical Science for Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Chao Zhong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Analytical Science for Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Yixin Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Analytical Science for Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Zian Lin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Analytical Science for Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
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32
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Wang C, Zhang Z, Zhu Y, Yang C, Wu J, Hu W. 2D Covalent Organic Frameworks: From Synthetic Strategies to Advanced Optical-Electrical-Magnetic Functionalities. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2102290. [PMID: 35052010 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202102290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs), an emerging class of organic crystalline polymers with highly oriented structures and permanent porosity, can adopt 2D or 3D architectures depending on the different topological diagrams of the monomers. Notably, 2D COFs have particularly gained much attention due to the extraordinary merits of their extended in-plane π-conjugation and topologically ordered columnar π-arrays. These properties together with high crystallinity, large surface area, and tunable porosity distinguish 2D COFs as an ideal candidate for the fabrication of functional materials. Herein, this review surveys the recent research advances in 2D COFs with special emphasis on the preparation of 2D COF powders, single crystals, and thin films, as well as their advanced optical, electrical, and magnetic functionalities. Some challenging issues and potential research outlook for 2D COFs are also provided for promoting their development in terms of structure, synthesis, and functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congyong Wang
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Zhicheng Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yating Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Chenhuai Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Jishan Wu
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Wenping Hu
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
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33
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Zhan G, Cai ZF, Strutyński K, Yu L, Herrmann N, Martínez-Abadía M, Melle-Franco M, Mateo-Alonso A, Feyter SD. Observing polymerization in 2D dynamic covalent polymers. Nature 2022; 603:835-840. [PMID: 35355001 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04409-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The quality of crystalline two-dimensional (2D) polymers1-6 is intimately related to the elusive polymerization and crystallization processes. Understanding the mechanism of such processes at the (sub)molecular level is crucial to improve predictive synthesis and to tailor material properties for applications in catalysis7-10 and (opto)electronics11,12, among others13-18. We characterize a model boroxine 2D dynamic covalent polymer, by using in situ scanning tunnelling microscopy, to unveil both qualitative and quantitative details of the nucleation-elongation processes in real time and under ambient conditions. Sequential data analysis enables observation of the amorphous-to-crystalline transition, the time-dependent evolution of nuclei, the existence of 'non-classical' crystallization pathways and, importantly, the experimental determination of essential crystallization parameters with excellent accuracy, including critical nucleus size, nucleation rate and growth rate. The experimental data have been further rationalized by atomistic computer models, which, taken together, provide a detailed picture of the dynamic on-surface polymerization process. Furthermore, we show how 2D crystal growth can be affected by abnormal grain growth. This finding provides support for the use of abnormal grain growth (a typical phenomenon in metallic and ceramic systems) to convert a polycrystalline structure into a single crystal in organic and 2D material systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaolei Zhan
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhen-Feng Cai
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. .,Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Karol Strutyński
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Lihua Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Niklas Herrmann
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Manuel Melle-Franco
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Aurelio Mateo-Alonso
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Steven De Feyter
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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34
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Mu Z, Zhu Y, Li B, Dong A, Wang B, Feng X. Covalent Organic Frameworks with Record Pore Apertures. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:5145-5154. [PMID: 35258975 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c00584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The pore apertures dictate the guest accessibilities of the pores, imparting diverse functions to porous materials. It is highly desired to construct crystalline porous polymers with predesignable and uniform mesopores that can allow large organic, inorganic, and biological molecules to enter. However, due to the ease of the formation of interpenetrated and/or fragile structures, the largest pore aperture reported in the metal-organic frameworks is 8.5 nm, and the value for covalent organic frameworks (COFs) is only 5.8 nm. Herein, we construct a series of COFs with record pore aperture values from 7.7 to 10.0 nm by designing building blocks with large conformational rigidness, planarity, and suitable local polarity. All of the obtained COFs possess eclipsed stacking structures, high crystallinity, permanent porosity, and high stability. As a proof of concept, we successfully employed these COFs to separate pepsin that is ∼7 nm in size from its crudes and to protect tyrosinase from heat-induced deactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjie Mu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education, Advanced Technology Research Institute (Jinan), Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Yuhao Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education, Advanced Technology Research Institute (Jinan), Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Bixiao Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education, Advanced Technology Research Institute (Jinan), Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Anwang Dong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education, Advanced Technology Research Institute (Jinan), Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Bo Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education, Advanced Technology Research Institute (Jinan), Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education, Advanced Technology Research Institute (Jinan), Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
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35
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Li Y, Zuo K, Gao T, Wu J, Su X, Zeng C, Xu H, Hu H, Zhang X, Gao Y. Bimetallic docked covalent organic frameworks with high catalytic performance towards coupling/oxidation cascade reactions. RSC Adv 2022; 12:4874-4882. [PMID: 35425518 PMCID: PMC8981383 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05315a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are an emerging class of crystalline porous polymers that make these materials suitable for use as excellent scaffold in heterogeneous catalysis. Here we synthesize a layered two-dimensional (2D) COF (TADP–COF) through the condensation reaction between four-branched 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-aminophenyl)porphyrin (TAPP) and linear 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalaldehyde (Dha) and 1,4-phthalaldehyde (PA) building blocks. Porphyrin units, imine and hydroxyl groups together with imines can provide wide coordination sites for metal docking. Using a programmed synthetic procedure, Cu(ii) ions first coordinated with the imine groups in conjunction with their adjacent hydroxyl groups, and porphyrin units and subsequently added Pd(ii) ions occupied the remaining imine sites in the space between adjacent COF layers. The bimetallic Pd(ii)/Cu(ii)@TADP–COF showed high catalytic activity in a one-pot coupling/oxidation cascade reaction in water. The high surface area, one-dimensional (1D) open channel structure and predesigned catalytic active sites of this material make it ideal candidate for use as heterogeneous catalyst in a wide range of catalytic reactions. Cu(ii) and Pd(ii) ions were selectively coordinated within an imine-linked 2D COF that exhibited good catalytic performance towards a one-pot Suzuki coupling/oxidation cascade reaction.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Li
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan University No. 58, Renmin Avenue Haikou 570228 China
| | - Kaiming Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan University No. 58, Renmin Avenue Haikou 570228 China
| | - Tingjun Gao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan University No. 58, Renmin Avenue Haikou 570228 China
| | - Jifeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan University No. 58, Renmin Avenue Haikou 570228 China
| | - Xiaofang Su
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan University No. 58, Renmin Avenue Haikou 570228 China
| | - Chaoyuan Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan University No. 58, Renmin Avenue Haikou 570228 China
| | - Huanjun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan University No. 58, Renmin Avenue Haikou 570228 China .,School of Science, Qiongtai Normal University No. 8, Fuchengzhong Road Haikou 571127 China
| | - Hui Hu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan University No. 58, Renmin Avenue Haikou 570228 China
| | - Xiaosong Zhang
- Mechanical and Electrical College, Hainan University No. 58, Renmin Avenue Haikou 570228 China
| | - Yanan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan University No. 58, Renmin Avenue Haikou 570228 China
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Guo L, Zhang J, Huang Q, Zhou W, Jin S. Progress in synthesis of highly crystalline covalent organic frameworks and their crystallinity enhancement strategies. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.02.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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37
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Yang Y, Börjesson K. Electroactive covalent organic frameworks: a new choice for organic electronics. TRENDS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trechm.2021.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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38
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Liao L, Guan X, Zheng H, Zhang Z, Liu Y, Li H, Zhu L, Qiu S, Yao X, Fang Q. Three-dimensional microporous and mesoporous covalent organic frameworks based on cubic building units. Chem Sci 2022; 13:9305-9309. [PMID: 36093015 PMCID: PMC9384463 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc02365b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have attracted extensive interest due to their unique structures and various applications. However, structural diversities are still limited, which greatly restricts the development of COF materials. Herein, we report two unusual cubic (8-connected) building units and their derived 3D imine-linked COFs with bcu nets, JUC-588 and JUC-589. Owing to these unique building blocks with different sizes, the obtained COFs can be tuned to be microporous or mesoporous structures with high surface areas (2728 m2 g−1 for JUC-588 and 2482 m2 g−1 for JUC-589) and promising thermal and chemical stabilities. Furthermore, the high selectivity of CO2/N2 and CO2/CH4, excellent H2 uptakes, and efficient dye adsorption are observed. This research thus provides a general strategy for constructing stable 3D COF architectures with adjustable pores via improving the valency of rigid building blocks. Two unusual cubic (8-connected) building units and their derived 3D imine-linked COFs based on bcu nets have been designed and synthesized, which demonstrates highly crystalline structures, excellent surface areas, and large pore sizes.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Xinyu Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Haorui Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Zerong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Yaozu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Liangkui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Shilun Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Xiangdong Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Qianrong Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China
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39
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Wied JK, Bsharat A, Sauskojus W, Mangstl M, Weber J, Schmedt auf der Günne J. Volume Increments for Crystalline Borates. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan K. Wied
- University of Siegen Faculty IV: School of science and technology, Department for Chemistry and Biology Inorganic materials chemistry and Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ) Adolf-Reichwein Straße 2 57076 Siegen Germany
| | - Ahd Bsharat
- University of Siegen Faculty IV: School of science and technology, Department for Chemistry and Biology Inorganic materials chemistry and Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ) Adolf-Reichwein Straße 2 57076 Siegen Germany
| | - Wolfgang Sauskojus
- University of Siegen Faculty IV: School of science and technology, Department for Chemistry and Biology Inorganic materials chemistry and Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ) Adolf-Reichwein Straße 2 57076 Siegen Germany
| | - Martin Mangstl
- University of Siegen Faculty IV: School of science and technology, Department for Chemistry and Biology Inorganic materials chemistry and Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ) Adolf-Reichwein Straße 2 57076 Siegen Germany
| | - Johannes Weber
- University of Siegen Faculty IV: School of science and technology, Department for Chemistry and Biology Inorganic materials chemistry and Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ) Adolf-Reichwein Straße 2 57076 Siegen Germany
| | - Jörn Schmedt auf der Günne
- University of Siegen Faculty IV: School of science and technology, Department for Chemistry and Biology Inorganic materials chemistry and Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ) Adolf-Reichwein Straße 2 57076 Siegen Germany
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40
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Thiophene-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks: Synthesis, Photophysics and Light-Driven Applications. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247666. [PMID: 34946748 PMCID: PMC8704352 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Porous crystalline materials, such as covalent organic frameworks (COFs), have emerged as some of the most important materials over the last two decades due to their excellent physicochemical properties such as their large surface area and permanent, accessible porosity. On the other hand, thiophene derivatives are common versatile scaffolds in organic chemistry. Their outstanding electrical properties have boosted their use in different light-driven applications (photocatalysis, organic thin film transistors, photoelectrodes, organic photovoltaics, etc.), attracting much attention in the research community. Despite the great potential of both systems, porous COF materials based on thiophene monomers are scarce due to the inappropriate angle provided by the latter, which hinders its use as the building block of the former. To circumvent this drawback, researchers have engineered a number of thiophene derivatives that can form part of the COFs structure, while keeping their intrinsic properties. Hence, in the present minireview, we will disclose some of the most relevant thiophene-based COFs, highlighting their basic components (building units), spectroscopic properties and potential light-driven applications.
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41
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Evans AM, Strauss MJ, Corcos AR, Hirani Z, Ji W, Hamachi LS, Aguilar-Enriquez X, Chavez AD, Smith BJ, Dichtel WR. Two-Dimensional Polymers and Polymerizations. Chem Rev 2021; 122:442-564. [PMID: 34852192 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic chemists have developed robust methods to synthesize discrete molecules, linear and branched polymers, and disordered cross-linked networks. However, two-dimensional polymers (2DPs) prepared from designed monomers have been long missing from these capabilities, both as objects of chemical synthesis and in nature. Recently, new polymerization strategies and characterization methods have enabled the unambiguous realization of covalently linked macromolecular sheets. Here we review 2DPs and 2D polymerization methods. Three predominant 2D polymerization strategies have emerged to date, which produce 2DPs either as monolayers or multilayer assemblies. We discuss the fundamental understanding and scope of each of these approaches, including: the bond-forming reactions used, the synthetic diversity of 2DPs prepared, their multilayer stacking behaviors, nanoscale and mesoscale structures, and macroscale morphologies. Additionally, we describe the analytical tools currently available to characterize 2DPs in their various isolated forms. Finally, we review emergent 2DP properties and the potential applications of planar macromolecules. Throughout, we highlight achievements in 2D polymerization and identify opportunities for continued study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin M Evans
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 1425 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael J Strauss
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 1425 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Amanda R Corcos
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 1425 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Zoheb Hirani
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 1425 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Woojung Ji
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 1425 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Leslie S Hamachi
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 1425 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California 93407, United States
| | - Xavier Aguilar-Enriquez
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 1425 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Anton D Chavez
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 1425 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Brian J Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Bucknell University,1 Dent Drive, Lewisburg, Pennsylvania 17837, United States
| | - William R Dichtel
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 1425 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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42
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Li C, Yu G. Controllable Synthesis and Performance Modulation of 2D Covalent-Organic Frameworks. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2100918. [PMID: 34288393 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202100918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Covalent-organic frameworks (COFs) are especially interesting and unique as their highly ordered topological structures entirely built from plentiful π-conjugated units through covalent bonds. Arranging tailorable organic building blocks into periodically reticular skeleton bestows predictable lattices and various properties upon COFs in respect of topology diagrams, pore size, properties of channel wall interfaces, etc. Indeed, these peculiar features in terms of crystallinity, conjugation degree, and topology diagrams fundamentally decide the applications of COFs including heterogeneous catalysis, energy conversion, proton conduction, light emission, and optoelectronic devices. Additionally, this research field has attracted widespread attention and is of importance with a major breakthrough in recent year. However, this research field is running with the lack of summaries about tailorable construction of 2D COFs for targeted functionalities. This review first covers some crucial polymeric strategies of preparing COFs, containing boron ester condensation, amine-aldehyde condensation, Knoevenagel condensation, trimerization reaction, Suzuki CC coupling reaction, and hybrid polycondensation. Subsequently, a summary is made of some representative building blocks, and then underlines how the electronic and molecular structures of building blocks can strongly influence the functional performance of COFs. Finally, conclusion and perspectives on 2D COFs for further study are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Gui Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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43
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Burmeister D, Trunk MG, Bojdys MJ. Development of metal-free layered semiconductors for 2D organic field-effect transistors. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:11559-11576. [PMID: 34661213 PMCID: PMC8521667 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00497b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
To this day, the active components of integrated circuits consist mostly of (semi-)metals. Concerns for raw material supply and pricing aside, the overreliance on (semi-)metals in electronics limits our abilities (i) to tune the properties and composition of the active components, (ii) to freely process their physical dimensions, and (iii) to expand their deployment to applications that require optical transparency, mechanical flexibility, and permeability. 2D organic semiconductors match these criteria more closely. In this review, we discuss a number of 2D organic materials that can facilitate charge transport across and in-between their π-conjugated layers as well as the challenges that arise from modulation and processing of organic polymer semiconductors in electronic devices such as organic field-effect transistors.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Burmeister
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
- Integrative Research Institute for the Sciences Adlershof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Zum Großen Windkanal 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias G Trunk
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
- Integrative Research Institute for the Sciences Adlershof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Zum Großen Windkanal 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael J Bojdys
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
- Integrative Research Institute for the Sciences Adlershof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Zum Großen Windkanal 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, King's College London, Britannia House Guy's Campus, 7 Trinity Street, London, SE1 1DB, UK
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44
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Yang Z, Liu J, Li Y, Zhang G, Xing G, Chen L. Arylamine‐Linked 2D Covalent Organic Frameworks for Efficient Pseudocapacitive Energy Storage. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202108684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zongfan Yang
- Department of Chemistry Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Jingjuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Yusen Li
- Department of Chemistry Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Guang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Guolong Xing
- Department of Chemistry Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Long Chen
- Department of Chemistry Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
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45
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Zhao J, Ren J, Zhang G, Zhao Z, Liu S, Zhang W, Chen L. Donor-Acceptor Type Covalent Organic Frameworks. Chemistry 2021; 27:10781-10797. [PMID: 34002911 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Intermolecular charge transfer (ICT) effect has been widely studied in both small molecules and linear polymers. Covalently-bonded donor-acceptor pairs with tunable bandgaps and photoelectric properties endow these materials with potential applications in optoelectronics, fluorescent bioimaging, and sensors, etc. However, owing to the lack of charge transfer pathway or effective separation of charge carriers, unfavorable charge recombination gives rise to inevitable energy loss. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) can be mediated with various geometry- and property-tailored building blocks, where donor (D) and acceptor (A) segments are connected by covalent bonds and can be finely arranged to form highly ordered networks (namely D-A COFs). The unique structural features of D-A COFs render the formation of segregated D-A stacks, thus provides pathways and channels for effective charge carriers transport. This review highlights the significant progress on D-A COFs over the past decade with emphasis on design principles, growing structural diversities, and promising application potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwei Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Junyu Ren
- Department of Chemistry and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Guang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Ziqiang Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China.,Institute of Molecules Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Shiyong Liu
- College of Materials, Metallurgical and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, P. R. China
| | - Wandong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Long Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
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46
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Yang Z, Liu J, Li Y, Zhang G, Xing G, Chen L. Arylamine-Linked 2D Covalent Organic Frameworks for Efficient Pseudocapacitive Energy Storage. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:20754-20759. [PMID: 34309145 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The development of new linkages is one of the most efficient strategies to enrich the diversity of covalent organic frameworks (COFs). Particularly, functional linkages can endow COFs with additional tailored properties besides the building units, which further diversify COFs with desirable functions. Herein, we have developed a new arylamine linkage for the construction of COFs. Two new arylamine-linked COFs (AAm-TPB and AAm-Py) were prepared by condensing cost-effective dimethyl succinyl succinate (DMSS) with corresponding multitopic amines (TPB-NH2 and Py-NH2 ). Due to the abundant electroactive diphenylamine moieties in the COF skeletons resembling that of polyaniline (PANI), a state-of-the-art conductive polymer, the pseudocapacitive energy storage performance of AAm-TPB was further investigated. Remarkably, the AAm-TPB electrode exhibits a high capacitance of 271 F g-1 with a three-electrode setup at a discharge rate of 1 A g-1 , which represents one of the highest capacitances among the reported COF-based electrode materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongfan Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Jingjuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yusen Li
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Guang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Guolong Xing
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Long Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.,State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
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47
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Bian G, Yin J, Zhu J. Recent Advances on Conductive 2D Covalent Organic Frameworks. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2006043. [PMID: 33624949 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202006043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As a burgeoning family of crystalline porous copolymers, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) allow precise atomic insertion of organic components in the topology construction to form periodic networks and ordered nanopores. Their 2D networks bear great similarities to graphene analogs, and therefore are essential additions to the 2D family. Here, the electronic properties of conductive 2D-COFs are reviewed and their bonding strategies and structural characteristics are examined in detail. The controlling approaches toward the morphologies of conductive 2D-COFs are further explored, followed by a discussion of their applications in field-effect transistors, photodetectors, sensors, catalysis, and energy storage. Finally, research challenges and forthcoming developments are projected. The resulting survey reveals that the extended porous 2D organic networks with conductive properties will provide great opportunities and essential innovations in various electronics and energy-related fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Bian
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Jun Yin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
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48
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Zhang Y, Li H, Chang J, Guan X, Tang L, Fang Q, Valtchev V, Yan Y, Qiu S. 3D Thioether-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks for Selective and Efficient Mercury Removal. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2006112. [PMID: 33605083 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202006112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Developing functionalized 3D covalent organic frameworks (3D COFs) is critical to broaden their potential applications. However, the introduction of specific functionality in 3D COFs remains a great challenge because most of the functional groups are not compatible with the synthesis conditions. Herein, for the first time 3D thioether-based COFs (JUC-570 and JUC-571) for mercury (Hg2+ ) removal from aqueous solution is reported. These 3D thioether-based COFs prepared by the bottom-up approach display high Hg2+ uptakes (972 mg g-1 for JUC-570 and 970 mg g-1 for JUC-571 at pH = 5), fast adsorption kinetics (distribution coefficient Kd value of 2.29 × 107 mL g-1 for JUC-570 and 2.07 × 107 mL g-1 for JUC-571), and favorable selectivity. In particular, JUC-570 is periodically decorated with isopropyl groups around imine bonds that markedly improve its chemical stability and effectively prevent the pore collapse, and thus endows high Hg2+ adsorption capacity (619 mg g-1 ) and excellent cycle performance even at pH = 1. This study not only puts forward a new route to construct stable functionalized 3D COFs, but also promotes their potential applications in areas related to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Jianhong Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Xinyu Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Lingxue Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Qianrong Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Valentin Valtchev
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Songling Road, Laoshan District, Qingdao, Shandong, 266101, P. R. China
- Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie, 6 Marechal Juin, Caen, 14050, France
| | - Yushan Yan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Shilun Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
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49
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Wu Q, Mao MJ, Wu QJ, Liang J, Huang YB, Cao R. Construction of Donor-Acceptor Heterojunctions in Covalent Organic Framework for Enhanced CO 2 Electroreduction. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2004933. [PMID: 33155428 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202004933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are promising candidates for electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide into valuable chemicals due to their porous crystalline structures and tunable single active sites, but the low conductivity leads to unmet current densities for commercial application. The challenge is to create conductive COFs for highly efficient electrocatalysis of carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2 RR). Herein, a porphyrin-based COF containing donor-acceptor (D-A) heterojunctions, termed TT-Por(Co)-COF, is constructed from thieno[3,2-b]thiophene-2,5-dicarbaldehyde (TT) and 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-aminophenyl)-porphinatocobalt (Co-TAPP) via imine condensation reaction. Compared with COF-366-Co without TT, TT-Por(Co)-COF displays enhanced CO2 RR performance to produce CO due to its favorable charge transfer capability from the electron donor TT moieties to the acceptor Co-porphyrin ring active center. The combination of strong charge transfer properties and enormous amount of accessible active sites in the 2D TT-Por(Co)-COF nanosheets results in good catalytic performance with a high Faradaic efficiency of CO (91.4%, -0.6 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) and larger partial current density of 7.28 mA cm-2 at -0.7 V versus RHE in aqueous solution. The results demonstrate that integration of D-A heterojunctions in COF can facilitate the intramolecular electron transfer, and generate high current densities for CO2 RR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
- Fujian College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Min-Jie Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Fujian College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Qiu-Jin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jun Liang
- Hoffmann Institute of Advanced Materials, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yuan-Biao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Fujian College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Rong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
- Fujian College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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50
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Hao Q, Li ZJ, Bai B, Zhang X, Zhong YW, Wan LJ, Wang D. A Covalent Organic Framework Film for Three-State Near-Infrared Electrochromism and a Molecular Logic Gate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:12498-12503. [PMID: 33756014 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202100870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A Kagome structure covalent organic framework (COF) film with three-state NIR electrochromic properties was designed and synthesized. The COFTPDA-PDA film is composed of hexagonal nanosheets with high crystallinity and has three reversible color states at different applied potentials. It has high absorption spectra changes in the NIR region, ascribed to the strong intervalence charge transfer (IVCT) interaction of the Class III mixed-valence systems of the conjugated triphenylamine species. The film showed sub-second response time (1.3 s for coloring and 0.7 s for bleaching at 1050 nm) and long retention time in the NIR region. COFTPDA-PDA film shows superior NIR electrochromic properties in term of response time and stability, attributed to the highly ordered porous structure and the π-π stacking structure of the COFTPDA-PDA architecture. The COFTPDA-PDA film was applied in mimicking a flip-flop logic gate with optical memory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Hao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Juan Li
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Bin Bai
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Wu Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Li-Jun Wan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Dong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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