1
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Carder HM, Occhialini G, Bistoni G, Riplinger C, Kwan EE, Wendlandt AE. The sugar cube: Network control and emergence in stereoediting reactions. Science 2024; 385:456-463. [PMID: 39052778 DOI: 10.1126/science.adp2447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Stereochemical editing strategies have recently enabled the transformation of readily accessible substrates into rare and valuable products. Typically, site selectivity is achieved by minimizing kinetic complexity by using protecting groups to suppress reactivity at undesired sites (substrate control) or by using catalysts with tailored shapes to drive reactivity at the desired site (catalyst control). We propose "network control," a contrasting paradigm that exploits hidden interactions between rate constants to greatly amplify modest intrinsic biases and enable precise multisite editing. When network control is applied to the photochemical isomerization of hexoses, six of the eight possible diastereomers can be selectively obtained. The amplification effect can be viewed as a mesoscale phenomenon between the limiting regimes of kinetic control in simple chemical systems and metabolic regulation in complex biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayden M Carder
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Gino Occhialini
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Giovanni Bistoni
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | | | | | - Alison E Wendlandt
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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2
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Andringa RLH, Marinus N, Bunt DV, Haiderer ER, Abramovitch RB, Brown CD, Rhee KY, Witte MD, Minnaard AJ. Total synthesis of dissectol A, using an enediolate-based Tsuji-Trost reaction. Chem Sci 2024; 15:10541-10546. [PMID: 38994423 PMCID: PMC11234881 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01745e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Dissectol A is a rearranged terpene glycoside isolated from several flowering plants. Starting from glucose, the densely functionalized bicyclic structure has been prepared via site-selective oxidation and an intramolecular allylic alkylation reaction with an enediolate as the nucleophile. Despite earlier reports, dissectol A is not effective at inhibiting DevRS signaling in whole-cell Mycobacterium tuberculosis and does not inhibit growth of the bacterium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben L H Andringa
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Nittert Marinus
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Daan V Bunt
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Elizabeth R Haiderer
- Department of Microbiology, Genetics and Immunology, Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48824 USA
| | - Robert B Abramovitch
- Department of Microbiology, Genetics and Immunology, Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48824 USA
| | - Christopher D Brown
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases 1315 York Avenue, Stitch Building New York NY10021 USA
| | - Kyu Y Rhee
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases 1315 York Avenue, Stitch Building New York NY10021 USA
| | - Martin D Witte
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan J Minnaard
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
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3
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Nasseri SA, Lazarski AC, Lemmer IL, Zhang CY, Brencher E, Chen HM, Sim L, Panwar D, Betschart L, Worrall LJ, Brumer H, Strynadka NCJ, Withers SG. An alternative broad-specificity pathway for glycan breakdown in bacteria. Nature 2024; 631:199-206. [PMID: 38898276 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07574-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The vast majority of glycosidases characterized to date follow one of the variations of the 'Koshland' mechanisms1 to hydrolyse glycosidic bonds through substitution reactions. Here we describe a large-scale screen of a human gut microbiome metagenomic library using an assay that selectively identifies non-Koshland glycosidase activities2. Using this, we identify a cluster of enzymes with extremely broad substrate specificities and thoroughly characterize these, mechanistically and structurally. These enzymes not only break glycosidic linkages of both α and β stereochemistry and multiple connectivities, but also cleave substrates that are not hydrolysed by standard glycosidases. These include thioglycosides, such as the glucosinolates from plants, and pseudoglycosidic bonds of pharmaceuticals such as acarbose. This is achieved through a distinct mechanism of hydrolysis that involves oxidation/reduction and elimination/hydration steps, each catalysed by enzyme modules that are in many cases interchangeable between organisms and substrate classes. Homologues of these enzymes occur in both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria associated with the gut microbiome and other body parts, as well as other environments, such as soil and sea. Such alternative step-wise mechanisms appear to constitute largely unrecognized but abundant pathways for glycan degradation as part of the metabolism of carbohydrates in bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Amirhossein Nasseri
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Aleksander C Lazarski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Center for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Imke L Lemmer
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Chloe Y Zhang
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Eva Brencher
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hong-Ming Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lyann Sim
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Deepesh Panwar
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Leo Betschart
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Liam J Worrall
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Center for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Harry Brumer
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Natalie C J Strynadka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Center for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Stephen G Withers
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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4
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Maßmann SC, Metselaar GA, van Dijken DJ, van den Berg KJ, Witte MD, Minnaard AJ. Regioselective palladium-catalysed aerobic oxidation of dextran and its use as a bio-based binder in paperboard coatings. GREEN CHEMISTRY : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL AND GREEN CHEMISTRY RESOURCE : GC 2024; 26:4005-4012. [PMID: 38571728 PMCID: PMC10986772 DOI: 10.1039/d3gc04204a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The coatings industry is aiming to replace petrochemical-based binders in products such as paints and lacquers with bio-based alternatives. Native polysaccharide additives are already used, especially as adhesives, and here we show the use of oxidised dextran as a bio-based binder additive. Linear dextran with a molecular weight of 6 kDa was aerobically oxidised in water at the C3-position of its glucose units, catalysed by [(neocuproine)PdOAc]2(OTf)2. The resulting keto-dextran with different oxidation degrees was studied using adipic dihydrazide as a crosslinker in combination with the commercial petrochemical-based binder Joncryl®. Coating experiments show that part of the Joncryl® can be replaced by keto-dextran while maintaining the desired performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarina C Maßmann
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen Nijenborgh 7 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Martin D Witte
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen Nijenborgh 7 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan J Minnaard
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen Nijenborgh 7 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
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5
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Marinus N, Reintjens NRM, Haldimann K, Mouthaan MLMC, Hobbie SN, Witte MD, Minnaard AJ. Site-Selective Palladium-catalyzed Oxidation of Unprotected Aminoglycosides and Sugar Phosphates. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400017. [PMID: 38284753 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
The site-selective modification of complex biomolecules by transition metal-catalysis is highly warranted, but often thwarted by the presence of Lewis basic functional groups. This study demonstrates that protonation of amines and phosphates in carbohydrates circumvents catalyst inhibition in palladium-catalyzed site-selective oxidation. Both aminoglycosides and sugar phosphates, compound classes that up till now largely escaped direct modification, are oxidized with good efficiency. Site-selective oxidation of kanamycin and amikacin was used to prepare a set of 3'-modified aminoglycoside derivatives of which two showed promising activity against antibiotic-resistant E. coli strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nittert Marinus
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, The, Netherlands
| | - Niels R M Reintjens
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, The, Netherlands
| | - Klara Haldimann
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Zürich, Gloriastrasse 28/30, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Marc L M C Mouthaan
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, The, Netherlands
| | - Sven N Hobbie
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Zürich, Gloriastrasse 28/30, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Martin D Witte
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, The, Netherlands
| | - Adriaan J Minnaard
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, The, Netherlands
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6
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Wang G, Ho CC, Zhou Z, Hao YJ, Lv J, Jin J, Jin Z, Chi YR. Site-Selective C-O Bond Editing of Unprotected Saccharides. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:824-832. [PMID: 38123470 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Glucose and its polyhydroxy saccharide analogs are complex molecules that serve as essential structural components in biomacromolecules, natural products, medicines, and agrochemicals. Within the expansive realm of saccharides, a significant area of research revolves around chemically transforming naturally abundant saccharide units to intricate or uncommon molecules such as oligosaccharides or rare sugars. However, partly due to the presence of multiple hydroxyl groups with similar reactivities and the structural complexities arising from stereochemistry, the transformation of unprotected sugars to the desired target molecules remains challenging. One such formidable challenge lies in the efficient and selective activation and modification of the C-O bonds in saccharides. In this study, we disclose a modular 2-fold "tagging-editing" strategy that allows for direct and selective editing of C-O bonds of saccharides, enabling rapid preparation of valuable molecules such as rare sugars and drug derivatives. The first step, referred to as "tagging", involves catalytic site-selective installation of a photoredox active carboxylic ester group to a specific hydroxyl unit of an unprotected sugar. The second step, namely, "editing", features a C-O bond cleavage to form a carbon radical intermediate that undergoes further transformations such as C-H and C-C bond formations. Our strategy constitutes the most effective and shortest route in direct transformation and modification of medicines and other molecules bearing unprotected sugars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanjie Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Chang Chin Ho
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Zhixu Zhou
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Yong-Jia Hao
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Jie Lv
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Jiamiao Jin
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Zhichao Jin
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yonggui Robin Chi
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
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7
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Zorck WF, Pedersen MJ, Bols M. One-step synthesis of Ling's tetrol and its conversion into A,D-di- allo-α-cyclodextrin derivatives. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:8993-9004. [PMID: 37869763 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01576a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
2A-F,3B,C,E,F,6B,C,E,F-Tetradeca-O-benzyl-α-cyclodextrin or Ling's tetrol is a unique α-cyclodextrin derivative that is partially protected with specific access points on both rims of the cyclodextrin structure. Ling's tetrol is therefore potentially useful for the synthesis of more complex and sophisticated enzyme models and supramolecular structures. However, the original synthesis gave only 10% yield after a reaction time of 4 days, and a recent improvement that gave 52% yield required two steps and a reaction time in one step of 6 days. Here, a single-step synthesis is reported where Ling's tetrol is obtained in a yield of 59% with a reaction time of 40 hours. 2A-F,3B,C,E,F,6B,C,E,F-Tetradeca-O-benzyl-α-cyclodextrin was subsequently converted into 6A,D-dicarboxy-3A,D-diepi-α-cyclodextrin, 3A,D-dioxo-α-cyclodextrin and 3A,D-diamino-3A,D-dideoxy-3A,D-diepi-α-cyclodextrin. The binding of these compounds to CH4 and CO2 was determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waldemar Frederik Zorck
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 København Ø, Denmark.
| | - Martin Jæger Pedersen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 København Ø, Denmark.
| | - Mikael Bols
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 København Ø, Denmark.
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8
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Yamatsugu K, Kanai M. Catalytic Approaches to Chemo- and Site-Selective Transformation of Carbohydrates. Chem Rev 2023; 123:6793-6838. [PMID: 37126370 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrates are a fundamental unit playing pivotal roles in all the biological processes. It is thus essential to develop methods for synthesizing, functionalizing, and manipulating carbohydrates for further understanding of their functions and the creation of sugar-based functional materials. It is, however, not trivial to develop such methods, since carbohydrates are densely decorated with polar and similarly reactive hydroxy groups in a stereodefined manner. New approaches to chemo- and site-selective transformations of carbohydrates are, therefore, of great significance for revolutionizing sugar chemistry to enable easier access to sugars of interest. This review begins with a brief overview of the innate reactivity of hydroxy groups of carbohydrates. It is followed by discussions about catalytic approaches to enhance, override, or be orthogonal to the innate reactivity for the transformation of carbohydrates. This review avoids making a list of chemo- and site-selective reactions, but rather focuses on summarizing the concept behind each reported transformation. The literature references were sorted into sections based on the underlying ideas of the catalytic approaches, which we hope will help readers have a better sense of the current state of chemistry and develop innovative ideas for the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenzo Yamatsugu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Motomu Kanai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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9
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Jdanova S, Taylor MS. Mechanistic Study of the Copper(II)-Mediated Site-Selective O-Arylation of Glycosides with Arylboronic Acids. J Org Chem 2023; 88:3487-3498. [PMID: 36888595 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Glycosides having multiple free OH groups have been shown to undergo site-selective O-arylations in the presence of arylboronic acids and copper(II) acetate. Herein, a mechanistic analysis of these Chan-Evans-Lam-type couplings is presented based on reaction kinetics, mass spectrometric analysis of reaction mixtures, and substituent effect studies. The results establish that the formation of a substrate-derived boronic ester accelerates the rate-determining transmetalation step. Intramolecular transfer of the aryl group from the boronic ester is ruled out in favor of a pathway in which the key pre-transmetalation assembly is generated from a boronic ester, a copper complex, and a second equivalent of arylboronic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Jdanova
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Mark S Taylor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6 Canada
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10
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Kidonakis M, Villotet A, Witte MD, Beil SB, Minnaard AJ. Site-Selective Electrochemical Oxidation of Glycosides. ACS Catal 2023; 13:2335-2340. [PMID: 36846820 PMCID: PMC9942207 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c06318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Quinuclidine-mediated electrochemical oxidation of glycopyranosides provides C3-ketosaccharides with high selectivity and good yields. The method is a versatile alternative to Pd-catalyzed or photochemical oxidation and is complementary to the 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl (TEMPO)-mediated C6-selective oxidation. Contrary to the electrochemical oxidation of methylene and methine groups, the reaction proceeds without oxygen.
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11
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Yeow K, Haarr MB, Muldoon J, O'Reilly E. Preparation of iminosugars from aminopolyols via selective oxidation using galactose oxidase. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:13640-13643. [PMID: 36409216 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc04989a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Minimally protected aminopolyols are novel substrates for the galactose oxidase variant F2. Site-selective oxidation proceeds at the terminal primary alcohol, followed by spontaneous cyclisation to afford stable hemiaminal/hemiacetal anomers of the piperidine and azepane scaffolds, with isolated yields of up to 94%. Simultaneous deprotection and reduction occured readily to afford valuable and biologically relevant iminosugars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Yeow
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Marianne B Haarr
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Jimmy Muldoon
- Mass Spectrometry Facility, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Elaine O'Reilly
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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12
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Witte MD, Minnaard AJ. Site-Selective Modification of (Oligo)Saccharides. ACS Catal 2022; 12:12195-12205. [PMID: 36249871 PMCID: PMC9552177 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin D. Witte
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan J. Minnaard
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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13
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Zhang J, Reintjens NRM, Dhineshkumar J, Witte MD, Minnaard AJ. Site-Selective Dehydroxy-Chlorination of Secondary Alcohols in Unprotected Glycosides. Org Lett 2022; 24:5339-5344. [PMID: 35848103 PMCID: PMC9490796 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
![]()
To circumvent protecting groups, the site-selective modification
of unprotected glycosides is intensively studied. We show that site-selective
oxidation, followed by treatment of the corresponding trityl hydrazone
with tert-butyl hypochlorite and a H atom donor provides
an effective way to introduce a chloride substituent in a variety
of mono- and disaccharides. The stereoselectivity can be steered,
and a new geminal dichlorination reaction is described as well. This
strategy challenges existing methods that lead to overchlorination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Zhang
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Niels R. M. Reintjens
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Jayaraman Dhineshkumar
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Martin D. Witte
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan J. Minnaard
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747 AG, The Netherlands
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14
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Bastian AA, Bastian M, Jäger M, Loznik M, Warszawik EM, Yang X, Tahiri N, Fodran P, Witte MD, Thoma A, Köhler J, Minnaard AJ, Herrmann A. Late-Stage Modification of Aminoglycoside Antibiotics Overcomes Bacterial Resistance Mediated by APH(3') Kinases. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200883. [PMID: 35388562 PMCID: PMC9321007 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The continuous emergence of antimicrobial resistance is causing a threat to patients infected by multidrug‐resistant pathogens. In particular, the clinical use of aminoglycoside antibiotics, broad‐spectrum antibacterials of last resort, is limited due to rising bacterial resistance. One of the major resistance mechanisms in Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria is phosphorylation of these amino sugars at the 3’‐position by O‐phosphotransferases [APH(3’)s]. Structural alteration of these antibiotics at the 3’‐position would be an obvious strategy to tackle this resistance mechanism. However, the access to such derivatives requires cumbersome multi‐step synthesis, which is not appealing for pharma industry in this low‐return‐on‐investment market. To overcome this obstacle and combat bacterial resistance mediated by APH(3’)s, we introduce a novel regioselective modification of aminoglycosides in the 3’‐position via palladium‐catalyzed oxidation. To underline the effectiveness of our method for structural modification of aminoglycosides, we have developed two novel antibiotic candidates overcoming APH(3’)s‐mediated resistance employing only four synthetic steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas A Bastian
- Department of Chemical Biology, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen (The, Netherlands.,AGILeBiotics B.V., De Mudden 14, 9747 AV, Groningen (The, Netherlands.,Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Maria Bastian
- AGILeBiotics B.V., De Mudden 14, 9747 AV, Groningen (The, Netherlands
| | - Manuel Jäger
- Department of Chemical Biology, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen (The, Netherlands
| | - Mark Loznik
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen (The, Netherlands.,DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52056, Aachen, Germany.,Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Eliza M Warszawik
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen (The, Netherlands.,Department of Biomedical Engineering-FB40, W. J. Kolff Institute-FB41, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen (The, Netherlands
| | - Xintong Yang
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen (The, Netherlands.,DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52056, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nabil Tahiri
- Department of Chemical Biology, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen (The, Netherlands
| | - Peter Fodran
- Department of Chemical Biology, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen (The, Netherlands
| | - Martin D Witte
- Department of Chemical Biology, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen (The, Netherlands
| | - Anne Thoma
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52056, Aachen, Germany.,Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jens Köhler
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52056, Aachen, Germany
| | - Adriaan J Minnaard
- Department of Chemical Biology, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen (The, Netherlands
| | - Andreas Herrmann
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen (The, Netherlands.,DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52056, Aachen, Germany.,Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
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15
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Carder HM, Wang Y, Wendlandt AE. Selective Axial-to-Equatorial Epimerization of Carbohydrates. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:11870-11877. [PMID: 35731921 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c04743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Radical-mediated transformations have emerged as powerful methods for the synthesis of rare and unnatural branched, deoxygenated, and isomeric sugars. Here, we describe a radical-mediated axial-to-equatorial alcohol epimerization method to transform abundant glycans into rare isomers. The method delivers highly predictable and selective reaction outcomes that are complementary to other sugar isomerization methods. The synthetic utility of isomer interconversion is showcased through expedient glycan synthesis, including one-step glycodiversification. Mechanistic studies reveal that both site- and diastereoselectivities are achieved by highly selective H atom abstraction of equatorially disposed α-hydroxy C-H bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayden M Carder
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Alison E Wendlandt
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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16
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Reintjens NR, Yakovlieva L, Marinus N, Hekelaar J, Nuti F, Papini AM, Witte MD, Minnaard AJ, Walvoort M. Palladium‐Catalyzed Oxidation of Glucose in Glycopeptides. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niels R.M. Reintjens
- University of Groningen: Rijksuniversiteit Groningen Stratingh Institute for Chemistry NETHERLANDS
| | - Liubov Yakovlieva
- University of Groningen: Rijksuniversiteit Groningen Stratingh Institute for Chemistry NETHERLANDS
| | - Nittert Marinus
- University of Groningen: Rijksuniversiteit Groningen Stratingh Institute for Chemistry NETHERLANDS
| | - Johan Hekelaar
- University of Groningen: Rijksuniversiteit Groningen Stratingh Institute for Chemistry NETHERLANDS
| | - Francesca Nuti
- University of Florence: Universita degli Studi di Firenze Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff” ITALY
| | - Anna Maria Papini
- University of Florence: Universita degli Studi di Firenze Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff” ITALY
| | - Martin D. Witte
- University of Groningen: Rijksuniversiteit Groningen Stratingh Institute for Chemistry NETHERLANDS
| | - Adriaan J. Minnaard
- University of Groningen: Rijksuniversiteit Groningen Stratingh Institute for Chemistry NETHERLANDS
| | - Marthe Walvoort
- University of Groningen: Rijksuniversiteit Groningen Stratingh Institute for Chemistry Nijenborgh 7 9747 AG Groningen NETHERLANDS
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17
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Yamamoto K, Suganomata Y, Inoue T, Kuriyama M, Demizu Y, Onomura O. Copper-Catalyzed Asymmetric Oxidative Desymmetrization of 2-Substituted 1,2,3-Triols. J Org Chem 2022; 87:6479-6491. [PMID: 35468286 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Asymmetric oxidative desymmetrization of 2-substituted glycerols has been achieved by using a new chiral bisoxazoline ligand/copper catalyst system with 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin and MeOH. The present transformation smoothly proceeds with readily accessible 2-(hetero)aryl- and alkyl-substituted glycerols and provides straightforward access toward various glycerate derivatives in good to high yields with high enantioselectivities. The synthetic utility of the present protocol was demonstrated by the transformation of the optically active glycerol into a glyceraldehyde derivative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Yu Suganomata
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Takumi Inoue
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Masami Kuriyama
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Yosuke Demizu
- Division of Organic Chemistry, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Osamu Onomura
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
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18
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Li X, Wu J, Tang W. General Strategy for the Synthesis of Rare Sugars via Ru(II)-Catalyzed and Boron-Mediated Selective Epimerization of 1,2- trans-Diols to 1,2- cis-Diols. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:3727-3736. [PMID: 35168319 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c13399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Human glycans are primarily composed of nine common sugar building blocks. On the other hand, several hundred monosaccharides have been discovered in bacteria and most of them are not readily available. The ability to access these rare sugars and the corresponding glycoconjugates can facilitate the studies of various fundamentally important biological processes in bacteria, including interactions between microbiota and the human host. Many rare sugars also exist in a variety of natural products and pharmaceutical reagents with significant biological activities. Although several methods have been developed for the synthesis of rare monosaccharides, most of them involve lengthy steps. Herein, we report an efficient and general strategy that can provide access to rare sugars from commercially available common monosaccharides via a one-step Ru(II)-catalyzed and boron-mediated selective epimerization of 1,2-trans-diols to 1,2-cis-diols. The formation of boronate esters drives the equilibrium toward 1,2-cis-diol products, which can be immediately used for further selective functionalization and glycosylation. The utility of this strategy was demonstrated by the efficient construction of glycoside skeletons in natural products or bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Li
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
| | - Jicheng Wu
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
| | - Weiping Tang
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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19
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Xiao G, Su G, Slawin AMZ, Westwood N. From Biomass to the Karrikins
via
Selective Catalytic Oxidation of Hemicellulose‐Derived Butyl Xylosides and Glucosides. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ganyuan Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences Research Complex University of St Andrews and EaStCHEM North Haugh St Andrews Fife KY16 9ST UK
| | - Gerard Su
- School of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences Research Complex University of St Andrews and EaStCHEM North Haugh St Andrews Fife KY16 9ST UK
| | - Alexandra M. Z. Slawin
- School of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences Research Complex University of St Andrews and EaStCHEM North Haugh St Andrews Fife KY16 9ST UK
| | - Nicholas Westwood
- School of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences Research Complex University of St Andrews and EaStCHEM North Haugh St Andrews Fife KY16 9ST UK
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20
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Oswood CJ, MacMillan DWC. Selective Isomerization via Transient Thermodynamic Control: Dynamic Epimerization of trans to cis Diols. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:93-98. [PMID: 34933555 PMCID: PMC9676085 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Traditional approaches to stereoselective synthesis require high levels of enantio- and diastereocontrol in every step that forms a new stereocenter. Here, we report an alternative approach, in which the stereochemistry of organic substrates is selectively edited without further structural modification, a strategy with the potential to allow new classes of late-stage stereochemical manipulation and provide access to rare or valuable stereochemical configurations. In this work, we describe a selective epimerization of cyclic diols enabled by hydrogen atom transfer photocatalysis and boronic acid mediated transient thermodynamic control, selectively generating less stable cis products from the otherwise favored trans isomers. A range of substitution patterns and ring sizes are amenable to selective isomerization, including stereochemically complex polyols such as estriol, as well as syn to anti epimerization of acyclic vicinal diols. Moreover, this strategy has enabled the divergent epimerization of saccharide anomers, providing access to distinct sugar isomers from α- or β-configured glycosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian J Oswood
- Merck Center for Catalysis at Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - David W C MacMillan
- Merck Center for Catalysis at Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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21
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Gorelik DJ, Dimakos V, Adrianov T, Taylor MS. Photocatalytic, site-selective oxidations of carbohydrates. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:12135-12138. [PMID: 34723300 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05124e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Site-selective oxidations of carbohydrates, employing acridinium photocatalysis and quinuclidine hydrogen atom transfer catalysis, are presented. Protocols have been developed for oxidations of all-equatorial carbohydrates as well as those containing cis-1,2-diols. Site-selectivity reflects the relative rates of hydrogen atom transfer from the carbohydrate C-H bonds, and can be enhanced using a phosphate hydrogen-bonding or boronic acid catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Gorelik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada.
| | - Victoria Dimakos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada.
| | - Timur Adrianov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada.
| | - Mark S Taylor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada.
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22
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Suh CE, Carder HM, Wendlandt AE. Selective Transformations of Carbohydrates Inspired by Radical-Based Enzymatic Mechanisms. ACS Chem Biol 2021; 16:1814-1828. [PMID: 33988380 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.1c00190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Enzymes are a longstanding source of inspiration for synthetic reaction development. However, enzymatic reactivity and selectivity are frequently untenable in a synthetic context, as the principles that govern control in an enzymatic setting often do not translate to small molecule catalysis. Recent synthetic methods have revealed the viability of using small molecule catalysts to promote highly selective radical-mediated transformations of minimally protected sugar substrates. These transformations share conceptual similarities with radical SAM enzymes found in microbial carbohydrate biosynthesis and present opportunities for synthetic chemists to access microbial and unnatural carbohydrate building blocks without the need for protecting groups or lengthy synthetic sequences. Here, we highlight strategies through which radical reaction pathways can enable the site-, regio-, and diastereoselective transformation of minimally protected carbohydrates in both synthetic and enzymatic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn E. Suh
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Hayden M. Carder
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Alison E. Wendlandt
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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23
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Carder HM, Suh CE, Wendlandt AE. A Unified Strategy to Access 2- and 4-Deoxygenated Sugars Enabled by Manganese-Promoted 1,2-Radical Migration. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:13798-13805. [PMID: 34406756 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c05993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The selective manipulation of carbohydrate scaffolds is challenging due to the presence of multiple, nearly chemically indistinguishable O-H and C-H bonds. As a result, protecting-group-based synthetic strategies are typically necessary for carbohydrate modification. Here we report a concise semisynthetic strategy to access diverse 2- and 4-deoxygenated carbohydrates without relying on the exhaustive use of protecting groups to achieve site-selective reaction outcomes. Our approach leverages a Mn2+-promoted redox isomerization step, which proceeds via sugar radical intermediates accessed by neutral hydrogen atom abstraction under visible light-mediated photoredox conditions. The resulting deoxyketopyranosides feature chemically distinguishable functional groups and are readily transformed into diverse carbohydrate structures. To showcase the versatility of this method, we report expedient syntheses of the rare sugars l-ristosamine, l-olivose, l-mycarose, and l-digitoxose from commercial l-rhamnose. The findings presented here validate the potential for radical intermediates to facilitate the selective transformation of carbohydrates and showcase the step and efficiency advantages attendant to synthetic strategies that minimize a reliance upon protecting groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayden M Carder
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Carolyn E Suh
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Alison E Wendlandt
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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24
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Tsvetkov YE, Yudina ON, Nifantiev NE. 3-Amino-3-deoxy- and 4-amino-4-deoxyhexoses in the synthesis of natural carbohydrate compounds and their analogues. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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25
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Wan IC(S, Hamlin TA, Eisink NNHM, Marinus N, Boer C, Vis CA, Codée JDC, Witte MD, Minnaard AJ, Bickelhaupt FM. On the Origin of Regioselectivity in Palladium‐Catalyzed Oxidation of Glucosides. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ieng Chim (Steven) Wan
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry University of Groningen Nijenborgh 7 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS) Institution Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM) Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam De Boelelaan 1083 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Trevor A. Hamlin
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS) Institution Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM) Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam De Boelelaan 1083 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Niek N. H. M. Eisink
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry University of Groningen Nijenborgh 7 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nittert Marinus
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry University of Groningen Nijenborgh 7 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Casper Boer
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry Leiden University Einsteinweg 55 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Christopher A. Vis
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry Leiden University Einsteinweg 55 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen D. C. Codée
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry Leiden University Einsteinweg 55 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Martin D. Witte
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry University of Groningen Nijenborgh 7 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan J. Minnaard
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry University of Groningen Nijenborgh 7 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - F. Matthias Bickelhaupt
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS) Institution Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM) Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam De Boelelaan 1083 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Institute for Molecules and Materials (IMM) Radboud University Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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26
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27
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Anomeric configuration-dependence of the Lattrell-Dax epimerization from D-glucose to synthetically useful D-allose derivatives. Chin J Nat Med 2020; 18:723-728. [DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(20)60012-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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28
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Marinus N, Tahiri N, Duca M, Mouthaan LMCM, Bianca S, van den Noort M, Poolman B, Witte MD, Minnaard AJ. Stereoselective Protection-Free Modification of 3-Keto-saccharides. Org Lett 2020; 22:5622-5626. [PMID: 32635733 PMCID: PMC7372562 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Unprotected 3-keto-saccharides have become readily accessible via site-selective oxidation, but their protection-free functionalization is relatively unexplored. Here we show that protecting groups are obsolete in a variety of stereoselective modifications of our model substrate methyl α-glucopyranoside. This allows the preparation of rare sugars and the installation of click handles and reactive groups. To showcase the applicability of the methodology, maltoheptaose has been converted into a chemical probe, and the rare sugar evalose has been synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nittert Marinus
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Nabil Tahiri
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Margherita Duca
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - L. M. C. Marc Mouthaan
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Simona Bianca
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Marco van den Noort
- Department
of Biochemistry, Groningen Biochemistry & Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747 AB, The Netherlands
| | - Bert Poolman
- Department
of Biochemistry, Groningen Biochemistry & Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747 AB, The Netherlands
| | - Martin D. Witte
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan J. Minnaard
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747 AG, The Netherlands
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29
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Mabanglo MF, Huddleston JP, Mukherjee K, Taylor ZW, Raushel FM. Structure and Reaction Mechanism of YcjR, an Epimerase That Facilitates the Interconversion of d-Gulosides to d-Glucosides in Escherichia coli. Biochemistry 2020; 59:2069-2077. [PMID: 32437133 PMCID: PMC7509853 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
YcjR from Escherichia coli K-12 MG1655 catalyzes the manganese-dependent reversible epimerization of 3-keto-α-d-gulosides to the corresponding 3-keto-α-d-glucosides as a part of a proposed catabolic pathway for the transformation of d-gulosides to d-glucosides. The three-dimensional structure of the manganese-bound enzyme was determined by X-ray crystallography. The divalent manganese ion is coordinated to the enzyme by ligation to Glu-146, Asp-179, His-205, and Glu-240. When either of the two active site glutamate residues is mutated to glutamine, the enzyme loses all catalytic activity for the epimerization of α-methyl-3-keto-d-glucoside at C4. However, the E240Q mutant can catalyze hydrogen-deuterium exchange of the proton at C4 of α-methyl-3-keto-d-glucoside in solvent D2O. The E146Q mutant does not catalyze this exchange reaction. These results indicate that YcjR catalyzes the isomerization of 3-keto-d-glucosides via proton abstraction at C4 by Glu-146 to form a cis-enediolate intermediate that is subsequently protonated on the opposite face by Glu-240 to generate the corresponding 3-keto-d-guloside. This conclusion is supported by docking of the cis-enediolate intermediate into the active site of YcjR based on the known binding orientation of d-fructose and d-psicose in the active site of d-psicose-3-epimerase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark F. Mabanglo
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, USA
| | | | - Keya Mukherjee
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, USA
| | - Zane W. Taylor
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, USA
| | - Frank M. Raushel
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, USA
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30
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Selective Modification of Streptozotocin at the C3 Position to Improve Its Bioactivity as Antibiotic and Reduce Its Cytotoxicity towards Insulin-Producing β Cells. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9040182. [PMID: 32326389 PMCID: PMC7235802 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9040182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
With the increasing resistance of bacteria to current antibiotics, novel compounds are urgently needed to treat bacterial infections. Streptozotocin (STZ) is a natural product that has broad-spectrum antibiotic activity, albeit with limited use because of its toxicity to pancreatic β cells. In an attempt to derivatize STZ through structural modification at the C3 position, we performed the synthesis of three novel STZ analogues by making use of our recently developed regioselective oxidation protocol. Keto-STZ (2) shows the highest inhibition of bacterial growth (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and viability assays), but is also the most cytotoxic compound. Pre-sensitizing the bacteria with GlcNAc increased the antimicrobial effect, but did not result in complete killing. Interestingly, allo-STZ (3) revealed moderate concentration-dependent antimicrobial activity and no cytotoxicity towards β cells, and deoxy-STZ (4) showed no activity at all.
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31
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Borrell M, Gil-Caballero S, Bietti M, Costas M. Site-Selective and Product Chemoselective Aliphatic C–H Bond Hydroxylation of Polyhydroxylated Substrates. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b05423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Borrell
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus Montilivi, Girona E-17071, Catalonia Spain
| | - Sergio Gil-Caballero
- Serveis Tècnics de Recerca (NMR), Universitat de Girona, Parc científic i tecnològic de la UdG, Pic de Peguera 15, Girona E-17003, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Massimo Bietti
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 1 I-00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Miquel Costas
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus Montilivi, Girona E-17071, Catalonia Spain
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32
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Wang Y, Carder HM, Wendlandt AE. Synthesis of rare sugar isomers through site-selective epimerization. Nature 2020; 578:403-408. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-1937-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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33
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Shimada N, Nakamura Y, Ochiai T, Makino K. Catalytic Activation of Cis-Vicinal Diols by Boronic Acids: Site-Selective Acylation of Carbohydrates. Org Lett 2019; 21:3789-3794. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naoyuki Shimada
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry for Drug Development and Medical Research Laboratories, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Yuki Nakamura
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry for Drug Development and Medical Research Laboratories, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ochiai
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry for Drug Development and Medical Research Laboratories, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Kazuishi Makino
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry for Drug Development and Medical Research Laboratories, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
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34
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Nakamura K, Zhu S, Komatsu K, Hattori M, Iwashima M. Expression and Characterization of the Human Intestinal Bacterial Enzyme Which Cleaves the C-Glycosidic Bond in 3″-Oxo-puerarin. Biol Pharm Bull 2019; 42:417-423. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b18-00729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Nakamura
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science
| | - Shu Zhu
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama
| | | | | | - Makoto Iwashima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science
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35
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Mukherjee K, Huddleston JP, Narindoshvili T, Nemmara VV, Raushel FM. Functional Characterization of the ycjQRS Gene Cluster from Escherichia coli: A Novel Pathway for the Transformation of d-Gulosides to d-Glucosides. Biochemistry 2019; 58:1388-1399. [PMID: 30742415 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.8b01278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A combination of bioinformatics, steady-state kinetics, and NMR spectroscopy has revealed the catalytic functions of YcjQ, YcjS, and YcjR from the ycj gene cluster in Escherichia coli K-12. YcjS was determined to be a 3-keto-d-glucoside dehydrogenase with a kcat = 22 s-1 and kcat/ Km = 2.3 × 104 M-1 s-1 for the reduction of methyl α-3-keto-d-glucopyranoside at pH 7.0 with NADH. YcjS also exhibited catalytic activity for the NAD+-dependent oxidation of d-glucose, methyl β-d-glucopyranoside, and 1,5-anhydro-d-glucitol. YcjQ was determined to be a 3-keto-d-guloside dehydrogenase with kcat = 18 s-1 and kcat/ Km = 2.0 × 103 M-1 s-1 for the reduction of methyl α-3-keto-gulopyranoside. This is the first reported dehydrogenase for the oxidation of d-gulose. YcjQ also exhibited catalytic activity with d-gulose and methyl β-d-gulopyranoside. The 3-keto products from both dehydrogenases were found to be extremely labile under alkaline conditions. The function of YcjR was demonstrated to be a C4 epimerase that interconverts 3-keto-d-gulopyranosides to 3-keto-d-glucopyranosides. These three enzymes, YcjQ, YcjR, and YcjS, thus constitute a previously unrecognized metabolic pathway for the transformation of d-gulosides to d-glucosides via the intermediate formation of 3-keto-d-guloside and 3-keto-d-glucoside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keya Mukherjee
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77844 , United States
| | - Jamison P Huddleston
- Department of Chemistry , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77842 , United States
| | - Tamari Narindoshvili
- Department of Chemistry , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77842 , United States
| | - Venkatesh V Nemmara
- Department of Chemistry , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77842 , United States
| | - Frank M Raushel
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77844 , United States.,Department of Chemistry , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77842 , United States
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36
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Ligand-controlled, transition-metal catalyzed site-selective modification of glycosides. Carbohydr Res 2019; 474:16-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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37
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Zhang J, Eisink NNHM, Witte MD, Minnaard AJ. Regioselective Manipulation of GlcNAc Provides Allosamine, Lividosamine, and Related Compounds. J Org Chem 2019; 84:516-525. [PMID: 30569712 PMCID: PMC6343366 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Palladium-catalyzed oxidation of isopropyl N-acetyl-α-d-glucosamine (GlcNAc) is used to prepare the rare sugars allosamine, lividosamine, and related compounds with unprecedented selectivity. The Passerini reaction applied on 3-keto-GlcNAc provides an entry into branching of the carbon skeleton in this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Zhang
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747
AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Niek N. H. M. Eisink
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747
AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin D. Witte
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747
AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan J. Minnaard
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747
AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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38
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Dimakos V, Taylor MS. Site-Selective Functionalization of Hydroxyl Groups in Carbohydrate Derivatives. Chem Rev 2018; 118:11457-11517. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Dimakos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Mark S. Taylor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
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39
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Shelke YG, Yashmeen A, Gholap AVA, Gharpure SJ, Kapdi AR. Homogeneous Catalysis: A Powerful Technology for the Modification of Important Biomolecules. Chem Asian J 2018; 13:2991-3013. [PMID: 30063286 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201801020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Homogeneous catalysis plays an important and ubiquitous role in the synthesis of simple and complex molecules, including drug compounds, natural products, and agrochemicals. In recent years, the wide-reaching importance of homogeneous catalysis has made it an indispensable tool for the modification of biomolecules, such as carbohydrates (sugars), amino acids, peptides, nucleosides, nucleotides, and steroids. Such a synthetic strategy offers several advantages, which have led to the development of new molecules of biological relevance at a rapid rate relative to the number of available synthetic methods. Given the powerful nature of homogeneous catalysis in effecting these synthetic transformations, this Focus Review has been compiled to highlight these important developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh G Shelke
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Main Gate Road, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Afsana Yashmeen
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Road, Matunga, Mumbai, 400019, India
| | - Aniket V A Gholap
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Road, Matunga, Mumbai, 400019, India
| | - Santosh J Gharpure
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Main Gate Road, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Anant R Kapdi
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Road, Matunga, Mumbai, 400019, India
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40
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Ho WC, Chung K, Ingram AJ, Waymouth RM. Pd-Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidation Reactions: Strategies To Increase Catalyst Lifetimes. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:748-757. [PMID: 29244945 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b11372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The palladium complex [(neocuproine)Pd(μ-OAc)]2[OTf]2 (1, neocuproine = 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline) is an effective catalyst precursor for the selective oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols, vicinal diols, polyols, and carbohydrates. Both air and benzoquinone can be used as terminal oxidants, but aerobic oxidations are accompanied by oxidative degradation of the neocuproine ligand, thus necessitating high Pd loadings. Several strategies to improve aerobic catalyst lifetimes were devised, guided by mechanistic studies of catalyst deactivation. These studies implicate a radical autoxidation mechanism initiated by H atom abstraction from the neocuproine ligand. Ligand modifications designed to retard H atom abstractions as well as the addition of sacrificial H atom donors increase catalyst lifetimes and lead to higher turnover numbers (TON) under aerobic conditions. Additional investigations revealed that the addition of benzylic hydroperoxides or styrene leads to significant increases in TON as well. Mechanistic studies suggest that benzylic hydroperoxides function as H atom donors and that styrene is effective at intercepting Pd hydrides. These strategies enabled the selective aerobic oxidation of polyols on preparative scales using as little as 0.25 mol % of Pd, a major improvement over previous work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilson C Ho
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Kevin Chung
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States.,Formosa Plastics Corporation , 201 Formosa Drive, Point Comfort, Texas 77978, United States
| | - Andrew J Ingram
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States.,James R. Randall Research Center, Archer Daniels Midland Company , Decatur, Illinois 62521, United States
| | - Robert M Waymouth
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
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41
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Shang W, Mou ZD, Tang H, Zhang X, Liu J, Fu Z, Niu D. Site-Selective O-Arylation of Glycosides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201710310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center; West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering; Sichuan University; No. 17 Renmin Nan Road Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Ze-Dong Mou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center; West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering; Sichuan University; No. 17 Renmin Nan Road Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Hua Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center; West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering; Sichuan University; No. 17 Renmin Nan Road Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Xia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center; West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering; Sichuan University; No. 17 Renmin Nan Road Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center; West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering; Sichuan University; No. 17 Renmin Nan Road Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Zhengyan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center; West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering; Sichuan University; No. 17 Renmin Nan Road Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Dawen Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center; West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering; Sichuan University; No. 17 Renmin Nan Road Chengdu 610041 China
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42
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Shang W, Mou ZD, Tang H, Zhang X, Liu J, Fu Z, Niu D. Site-Selective O-Arylation of Glycosides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 57:314-318. [PMID: 29125221 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201710310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center; West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering; Sichuan University; No. 17 Renmin Nan Road Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Ze-Dong Mou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center; West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering; Sichuan University; No. 17 Renmin Nan Road Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Hua Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center; West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering; Sichuan University; No. 17 Renmin Nan Road Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Xia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center; West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering; Sichuan University; No. 17 Renmin Nan Road Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center; West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering; Sichuan University; No. 17 Renmin Nan Road Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Zhengyan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center; West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering; Sichuan University; No. 17 Renmin Nan Road Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Dawen Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center; West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering; Sichuan University; No. 17 Renmin Nan Road Chengdu 610041 China
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43
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Li RZ, Tang H, Wan L, Zhang X, Fu Z, Liu J, Yang S, Jia D, Niu D. Site-Divergent Delivery of Terminal Propargyls to Carbohydrates by Synergistic Catalysis. Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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44
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Lybaert J, Tehrani KA, De Wael K. Mediated electrolysis of vicinal diols by neocuproine palladium catalysts. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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45
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Eisink NNM, Witte MD, Minnaard AJ. Regioselective Carbohydrate Oxidations: A Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Study on Selectivity, Rate, and Side-Product Formation. ACS Catal 2017; 7:1438-1445. [PMID: 28367353 PMCID: PMC5370080 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b03459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Palladium/neocuproine catalyzed oxidation of glucosides shows an excellent selectivity for the C3-OH, but in mannosides and galactosides, unselective oxidation was initially observed. For further application in more-complex (oligo)saccharides, a better understanding of the reaction, in terms of selectivity and reactivity, is required. Therefore, a panel of different glycosides was synthesized, subjected to palladium/neocuproine catalyzed oxidation and subsequently analyzed by qNMR. Surprisingly, all studied glucosides, mannosides, galactosides, and xylosides show selective oxidation of the C3-OH. However, subsequent reaction of the resulting ketone moiety is the main culprit for side product formation. Measures are reported to suppress these side reactions. The observed differences in reaction rate, glucosides being the most rapidly oxidized, may be exploited for the selective oxidation of complex oligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niek N.
H. M. Eisink
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747
AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin D. Witte
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747
AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan J. Minnaard
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747
AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
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46
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Wan IC(S, Witte MD, Minnaard AJ. Site-selective carbon–carbon bond formation in unprotected monosaccharides using photoredox catalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:4926-4929. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc01416c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
One-step site-selective, protection group-free synthesis of branched monosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ieng Chim (Steven) Wan
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7
- Groningen
- The Netherlands
| | - Martin D. Witte
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7
- Groningen
- The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan J. Minnaard
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7
- Groningen
- The Netherlands
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47
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Jumde VR, Eisink NNHM, Witte MD, Minnaard AJ. C3 Epimerization of Glucose, via Regioselective Oxidation and Reduction. J Org Chem 2016; 81:11439-11443. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Varsha R. Jumde
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747
AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Niek N. H. M. Eisink
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747
AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin D. Witte
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747
AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan J. Minnaard
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747
AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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48
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de Vries JG. Catalytic Conversion of Renewable Resources into Bulk and Fine Chemicals. CHEM REC 2016; 16:2783-2796. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201600102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes G. de Vries
- Department Catalysis with Renewables; Leibniz Institut für Katalyse e. V. an der Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
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49
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Skarbek K, Milewska MJ. Biosynthetic and synthetic access to amino sugars. Carbohydr Res 2016; 434:44-71. [PMID: 27592039 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Amino sugars are important constituents of a number of biomacromolecules and products of microbial secondary metabolism, including antibiotics. For most of them, the amino group is located at the positions C1, C2 or C3 of the hexose or pentose ring. In biological systems, amino sugars are formed due to the catalytic activity of specific aminotransferases or amidotransferases by introducing an amino functionality derived from L-glutamate or L-glutamine to the keto forms of sugar phosphates or sugar nucleotides. The synthetic introduction of amino functionalities in a regio- and stereoselective manner onto sugar scaffolds represents a substantial challenge. Most of the modern methods of for the preparation of 1-, 2- and 3-amino sugars are those starting from "an active ester" of carbohydrate derivatives, glycals, alcohols, carbonyl compounds and amino acids. A substantial progress in the development of region- and stereoselective methods of amino sugar synthesis has been made in the recent years, due to the application of metal-based catalysts and tethered approaches. A comprehensive review on the current state of knowledge on biosynthesis and chemical synthesis of amino sugars is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kornelia Skarbek
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Str., 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Maria J Milewska
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Str., 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
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50
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Malinowski M, Rowicki T, Guzik P, Wielechowska M, Sobiepanek A, Sas W. Diversity-Oriented Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Iminosugars from Unprotected 2-Deoxy-d
-ribose. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Malinowski
- Faculty of Chemistry; Warsaw University of Technology; ul. Noakowskiego 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland
| | - Tomasz Rowicki
- Faculty of Chemistry; Warsaw University of Technology; ul. Noakowskiego 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland
| | - Patrycja Guzik
- Faculty of Chemistry; Warsaw University of Technology; ul. Noakowskiego 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland
| | - Monika Wielechowska
- Faculty of Chemistry; Warsaw University of Technology; ul. Noakowskiego 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland
| | - Anna Sobiepanek
- Faculty of Chemistry; Warsaw University of Technology; ul. Noakowskiego 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland
| | - Wojciech Sas
- Faculty of Chemistry; Warsaw University of Technology; ul. Noakowskiego 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland
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