1
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Li Z, Di Vagno L, Chawla H, Ni Cheallaigh A, Critcher M, Sammon D, Briggs DC, Chung N, Chang V, Mahoney KE, Cioce A, Murphy LD, Chen YH, Narimatsu Y, Miller RL, Willems LI, Malaker SA, Huang ML, Miller GJ, Hohenester E, Schumann B. Xylosyltransferase Bump-and-hole Engineering to Chemically Manipulate Proteoglycans in Mammalian Cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.12.20.572522. [PMID: 38979271 PMCID: PMC11230170 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.20.572522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Mammalian cells orchestrate signalling through interaction events on their surfaces. Proteoglycans are an intricate part of these interactions, carrying large glycosaminoglycan polysaccharides that recruit signalling molecules. Despite their importance in development, cancer and neurobiology, a relatively small number of proteoglycans have been identified. In addition to the complexity of glycan extension, biosynthetic redundancy in the first protein glycosylation step by two xylosyltransferase isoenzymes XT1 and XT2 complicates annotation of proteoglycans. Here, we develop a chemical genetic strategy that manipulates the glycan attachment site of cellular proteoglycans. By employing a tactic termed bump- and-hole engineering, we engineer the two isoenzymes XT1 and XT2 to specifically transfer a chemically modified xylose analogue to target proteins. The chemical modification contains a bioorthogonal tag, allowing the ability to visualise and profile target proteins modified by both transferases in mammalian cells. The versatility of our approach allows pinpointing glycosylation sites by tandem mass spectrometry, and exploiting the chemical handle to manufacture proteoglycans with defined GAG chains for cellular applications. Engineered XT enzymes permit a view into proteoglycan biology that is orthogonal to conventional techniques in biochemistry.
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2
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Xu Y, Wang X, Zaal EA, Berkers CR, Lorent JH, Heise T, Cox R, Pieters RJ, Breukink E. Specific labeling of newly synthesized lipopolysaccharide via metabolic incorporation of azido-galactose. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2024; 1869:159467. [PMID: 38382574 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2024.159467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Gram-negative bacteria possess an asymmetric outer membrane (OM) primarily composed of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) on the outer leaflet and phospholipids on the inner leaflet. The outer membrane functions as an effective permeability barrier to compounds such as antibiotics. Studying LPS biosynthesis is therefore helpful to explore novel strategies for new antibiotic development. Metabolic glycan labeling of the bacterial surface has emerged as a powerful method to investigate LPS biosynthesis. However, the previously reported methods of labeling LPS are based on radioactivity or difficult-to-produce analogs of bacterial sugars. In this study, we report on the incorporation of azido galactose into the LPS of the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi via metabolic labeling. As a common sugar analog, azido galactose successfully labeled both O-antigen and core of Salmonella LPS, but not E. coli LPS. This labeling of Salmonella LPS, as shown by SDS-PAGE analysis and fluorescence microscopy, differs from the previously reported labeling of either O-antigen or core of LPS. Our findings are useful for studying LPS biogenesis pathways in Gram-negative bacteria like Salmonella. In addition, our approach is helpful for screening for agents that target LPS biosynthesis as it allows for the detection of newly synthesized LPS that appears in the OM. Furthermore, this approach may also aid in isolating chemically modified LPS for vaccine development or immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xu
- Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research, Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Xiaoqi Wang
- Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research, Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Esther A Zaal
- Division of Cell Biology, Metabolism & Cancer, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 2, 3584 CM Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Celia R Berkers
- Division of Cell Biology, Metabolism & Cancer, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 2, 3584 CM Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Joseph H Lorent
- Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research, Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Torben Heise
- Department of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ruud Cox
- Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research, Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Roland J Pieters
- Department of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Eefjan Breukink
- Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research, Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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3
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Sørensen DM, Büll C, Madsen TD, Lira-Navarrete E, Clausen TM, Clark AE, Garretson AF, Karlsson R, Pijnenborg JFA, Yin X, Miller RL, Chanda SK, Boltje TJ, Schjoldager KT, Vakhrushev SY, Halim A, Esko JD, Carlin AF, Hurtado-Guerrero R, Weigert R, Clausen H, Narimatsu Y. Identification of global inhibitors of cellular glycosylation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:948. [PMID: 36804936 PMCID: PMC9941569 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36598-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Small molecule inhibitors of glycosylation enzymes are valuable tools for dissecting glycan functions and potential drug candidates. Screening for inhibitors of glycosyltransferases are mainly performed by in vitro enzyme assays with difficulties moving candidates to cells and animals. Here, we circumvent this by employing a cell-based screening assay using glycoengineered cells expressing tailored reporter glycoproteins. We focused on GalNAc-type O-glycosylation and selected the GalNAc-T11 isoenzyme that selectively glycosylates endocytic low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR)-related proteins as targets. Our screen of a limited small molecule compound library did not identify selective inhibitors of GalNAc-T11, however, we identify two compounds that broadly inhibited Golgi-localized glycosylation processes. These compounds mediate the reversible fragmentation of the Golgi system without affecting secretion. We demonstrate how these inhibitors can be used to manipulate glycosylation in cells to induce expression of truncated O-glycans and augment binding of cancer-specific Tn-glycoprotein antibodies and to inhibit expression of heparan sulfate and binding and infection of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Madriz Sørensen
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Büll
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas D Madsen
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Erandi Lira-Navarrete
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), Mariano Esquillor s/n, Campus Rio Ebro, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
- Fundación ARAID, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Thomas Mandel Clausen
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen, Denmark
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Alex E Clark
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Aaron F Garretson
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Richard Karlsson
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Johan F A Pijnenborg
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Department of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Xin Yin
- Immunity and Pathogenesis Program, Infectious and Inflammatory Disease Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Rebecca L Miller
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sumit K Chanda
- Immunity and Pathogenesis Program, Infectious and Inflammatory Disease Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Thomas J Boltje
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Department of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Katrine T Schjoldager
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sergey Y Vakhrushev
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Adnan Halim
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jeffrey D Esko
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Aaron F Carlin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Ramon Hurtado-Guerrero
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), Mariano Esquillor s/n, Campus Rio Ebro, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
- Fundación ARAID, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Roberto Weigert
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Henrik Clausen
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Yoshiki Narimatsu
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- GlycoDisplay ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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4
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Jaeschke SO, Lindhorst TK. Versatile Synthesis of Diaminoxylosides via Iodosulfonamidation of Xylal Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sven Ole Jaeschke
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry Christiana Albertina University of Kiel Otto-Hahn-Platz 3–4 24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Thisbe K. Lindhorst
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry Christiana Albertina University of Kiel Otto-Hahn-Platz 3–4 24118 Kiel Germany
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5
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Maciej-Hulme ML, Dubaissi E, Shao C, Zaia J, Amaya E, Flitsch SL, Merry CLR. Selective Inhibition of Heparan Sulphate and Not Chondroitin Sulphate Biosynthesis by a Small, Soluble Competitive Inhibitor. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136988. [PMID: 34209670 PMCID: PMC8269443 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The glycosaminoglycan, heparan sulphate (HS), orchestrates many developmental processes. Yet its biological role has not yet fully been elucidated. Small molecule chemical inhibitors can be used to perturb HS function and these compounds provide cheap alternatives to genetic manipulation methods. However, existing chemical inhibition methods for HS also interfere with chondroitin sulphate (CS), complicating data interpretation of HS function. Herein, a simple method for the selective inhibition of HS biosynthesis is described. Using endogenous metabolic sugar pathways, Ac4GalNAz produces UDP-GlcNAz, which can target HS synthesis. Cell treatment with Ac4GalNAz resulted in defective chain elongation of the polymer and decreased HS expression. Conversely, no adverse effect on CS production was observed. The inhibition was transient and dose-dependent, affording rescue of HS expression after removal of the unnatural azido sugar. The utility of inhibition is demonstrated in cell culture and in whole organisms, demonstrating that this small molecule can be used as a tool for HS inhibition in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa L. Maciej-Hulme
- Materials Science Centre, School of Materials, The University of Manchester, Grosvenor St., Manchester M1 7HS, UK
- Correspondence: (M.L.M.-H.); (C.L.R.M.)
| | - Eamon Dubaissi
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Michael Smith Building, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; (E.D.); (E.A.)
| | - Chun Shao
- Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, Boston University School of Medicine, 670 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (C.S.); (J.Z.)
| | - Joseph Zaia
- Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, Boston University School of Medicine, 670 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (C.S.); (J.Z.)
| | - Enrique Amaya
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Michael Smith Building, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; (E.D.); (E.A.)
| | - Sabine L. Flitsch
- School of Chemistry & Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, UK;
| | - Catherine L. R. Merry
- Materials Science Centre, School of Materials, The University of Manchester, Grosvenor St., Manchester M1 7HS, UK
- Correspondence: (M.L.M.-H.); (C.L.R.M.)
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6
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Pedowitz NJ, Pratt MR. Design and Synthesis of Metabolic Chemical Reporters for the Visualization and Identification of Glycoproteins. RSC Chem Biol 2021; 2:306-321. [PMID: 34337414 PMCID: PMC8323544 DOI: 10.1039/d1cb00010a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation events play an invaluable role in regulating cellular processes including enzymatic activity, immune recognition, protein stability, and cell-cell interactions. However, researchers have yet to realize the full range of glycan mediated biological functions due to a lack of appropriate chemical tools. Fortunately, the past 25 years has seen the emergence of modified sugar analogs, termed metabolic chemical reporters (MCRs), which are metabolized by endogenous enzymes to label complex glycan structures. Here, we review the major reporters for each class of glycosylation and highlight recent applications that have made a tremendous impact on the field of glycobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nichole J Pedowitz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States
| | - Matthew R Pratt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States
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7
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Kalita M, Villanueva-Meyer J, Ohkawa Y, Kalyanaraman C, Chen K, Mohamed E, Parker MFL, Jacobson MP, Phillips JJ, Evans MJ, Wilson DM. Synthesis and Screening of α-Xylosides in Human Glioblastoma Cells. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:451-460. [PMID: 33315406 PMCID: PMC8483608 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) such as heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate decorate all mammalian cell surfaces. These mucopolysaccharides act as coreceptors for extracellular ligands, regulating cell signaling, growth, proliferation, and adhesion. In glioblastoma, the most common type of primary malignant brain tumor, dysregulated GAG biosynthesis results in altered chain length, sulfation patterns, and the ratio of contributing monosaccharides. These events contribute to the loss of normal cellular function, initiating and sustaining malignant growth. Disruption of the aberrant cell surface GAGs with small molecule inhibitors of GAG biosynthetic enzymes is a potential therapeutic approach to blocking the rogue signaling and proliferation in glioma, including glioblastoma. Previously, 4-azido-xylose-α-UDP sugar inhibited both xylosyltransferase (XYLT-1) and β-1,4-galactosyltransferase-7 (β-GALT-7)-the first and second enzymes of GAG biosynthesis-when microinjected into a cell. In another study, 4-deoxy-4-fluoro-β-xylosides inhibited β-GALT-7 at 1 mM concentration in vitro. In this work, we seek to solve the enduring problem of drug delivery to human glioma cells at low concentrations. We developed a library of hydrophobic, presumed prodrugs 4-deoxy-4-fluoro-2,3-dibenzoyl-(α- or β-) xylosides and their corresponding hydrophilic inhibitors of XYLT-1 and β-GALT-7 enzymes. The prodrugs were designed to be activatable by carboxylesterase enzymes overexpressed in glioblastoma. Using a colorimetric MTT assay in human glioblastoma cell lines, we identified a prodrug-drug pair (4-nitrophenyl-α-xylosides) as lead drug candidates. The candidates arrest U251 cell growth at an IC50 = 380 nM (prodrug), 122 μM (drug), and U87 cells at IC50 = 10.57 μM (prodrug). Molecular docking studies were consistent with preferred binding of the α- versus β-nitro xyloside conformer to XYLT-1 and β-GALT-7 enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mausam Kalita
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Center University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Javier Villanueva-Meyer
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Yuki Ohkawa
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Center University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Chakrapani Kalyanaraman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Katharine Chen
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Center University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Esraa Mohamed
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Center University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Matthew F L Parker
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Matthew P Jacobson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Joanna J Phillips
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Tumor Center University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Michael J Evans
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - David M Wilson
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
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8
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Gammon ST, Liu TW, Piwnica-Worms D. Interrogating Cellular Communication in Cancer with Genetically Encoded Imaging Reporters. Radiol Imaging Cancer 2020; 2:e190053. [PMID: 32803164 PMCID: PMC7398120 DOI: 10.1148/rycan.2020190053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Cells continuously communicate changes in their microenvironment, both locally and globally, with other cells in the organism. Integration of information arising from signaling networks impart continuous, time-dependent changes of cell function and phenotype. Use of genetically encoded reporters enable researchers to noninvasively monitor time-dependent changes in intercellular and intracellular signaling, which can be interrogated by macroscopic and microscopic optical imaging, nuclear medicine imaging, MRI, and even photoacoustic imaging techniques. Reporters enable noninvasive monitoring of changes in cell-to-cell proximity, transcription, translation, protein folding, protein association, protein degradation, drug action, and second messengers in real time. Because of their positive impact on preclinical research, attempts to improve the sensitivity and specificity of these reporters, and to develop new types and classes of reporters, remain an active area of investigation. A few reporters have migrated to proof-of-principle clinical demonstrations, and recent advances in genome editing technologies may enable the use of reporters in the context of genome-wide analysis and the imaging of complex genomic regulation in vivo that cannot be readily investigated through standard methodologies. The combination of genetically encoded imaging reporters with continuous improvements in other molecular biology techniques may enhance and expedite target discovery and drug development for cancer interventions and treatment. © RSNA, 2020.
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9
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Jiang T, Laughlin ST. Enzyme- or light-triggered cyclopropenes for bioorthogonal ligation. Methods Enzymol 2020; 641:1-34. [PMID: 32713519 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2020.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Since first reported at the beginning of the 21st century, bioorthogonal reactions have become powerful tools for investigating biological systems. Here, we review several classic and current bioorthogonal reactions, including the Staudinger-Bertozzi ligation, strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC), 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition, and tetrazine-alkene ligation. We discuss the capabilities and limitations of the subset of current bioorthogonal reactions that can be "turned on" by exposure to light or an enzyme. Finally, we focus on our recently developed turn-on cyclopropenes, which can be activated for reaction with tetrazines by exposure to light or enzymes, like nitroreductase, depending on the modular reaction caging group appended to the cyclopropene. We discuss the caged cyclopropene's molecular design and synthesis, and we discuss experiments to evaluate and verify reactivity both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Scott T Laughlin
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States; Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States.
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10
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Ruprecht C, Bartetzko MP, Senf D, Lakhina A, Smith PJ, Soto MJ, Oh H, Yang J, Chapla D, Varon Silva D, Clausen MH, Hahn MG, Moremen KW, Urbanowicz BR, Pfrengle F. A Glycan Array‐Based Assay for the Identification and Characterization of Plant Glycosyltransferases. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202003105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Colin Ruprecht
- Department of Biomolecular Systems Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Am Mühlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam Germany
- Present address: Department of Chemistry University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Muthgasse 18 1190 Vienna Austria
| | - Max P. Bartetzko
- Department of Biomolecular Systems Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Am Mühlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry Freie Universität Berlin Arnimallee 22 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Deborah Senf
- Department of Biomolecular Systems Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Am Mühlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry Freie Universität Berlin Arnimallee 22 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Anna Lakhina
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center University of Georgia 315 Riverbend Road Athens GA 30602 USA
| | - Peter J. Smith
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center University of Georgia 315 Riverbend Road Athens GA 30602 USA
| | - Maria J. Soto
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center University of Georgia 315 Riverbend Road Athens GA 30602 USA
- Present address: US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute (JGI) Berkeley CA 94702 USA
| | - Hyunil Oh
- Department of Biomolecular Systems Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Am Mühlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry Freie Universität Berlin Arnimallee 22 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Jeong‐Yeh Yang
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center University of Georgia 315 Riverbend Road Athens GA 30602 USA
| | - Digantkumar Chapla
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center University of Georgia 315 Riverbend Road Athens GA 30602 USA
| | - Daniel Varon Silva
- Department of Biomolecular Systems Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Am Mühlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam Germany
| | - Mads H. Clausen
- Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics Department of Chemistry Technical University of Denmark Kemitorvet 207 2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Michael G. Hahn
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center University of Georgia 315 Riverbend Road Athens GA 30602 USA
| | - Kelley W. Moremen
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center University of Georgia 315 Riverbend Road Athens GA 30602 USA
| | - Breeanna R. Urbanowicz
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center University of Georgia 315 Riverbend Road Athens GA 30602 USA
| | - Fabian Pfrengle
- Department of Biomolecular Systems Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Am Mühlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry Freie Universität Berlin Arnimallee 22 14195 Berlin Germany
- Present address: Department of Chemistry University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Muthgasse 18 1190 Vienna Austria
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11
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Ruprecht C, Bartetzko MP, Senf D, Lakhina A, Smith PJ, Soto MJ, Oh H, Yang J, Chapla D, Varon Silva D, Clausen MH, Hahn MG, Moremen KW, Urbanowicz BR, Pfrengle F. A Glycan Array-Based Assay for the Identification and Characterization of Plant Glycosyltransferases. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:12493-12498. [PMID: 32396713 PMCID: PMC7383710 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202003105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Growing plants with modified cell wall compositions is a promising strategy to improve resistance to pathogens, increase biomass digestibility, and tune other important properties. In order to alter biomass architecture, a detailed knowledge of cell wall structure and biosynthesis is a prerequisite. We report here a glycan array-based assay for the high-throughput identification and characterization of plant cell wall biosynthetic glycosyltransferases (GTs). We demonstrate that different heterologously expressed galactosyl-, fucosyl-, and xylosyltransferases can transfer azido-functionalized sugar nucleotide donors to selected synthetic plant cell wall oligosaccharides on the array and that the transferred monosaccharides can be visualized "on chip" by a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction with an alkynyl-modified dye. The opportunity to simultaneously screen thousands of combinations of putative GTs, nucleotide sugar donors, and oligosaccharide acceptors will dramatically accelerate plant cell wall biosynthesis research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin Ruprecht
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
- Present address: Department of ChemistryUniversity of Natural Resources and Life Sciences ViennaMuthgasse 181190ViennaAustria
| | - Max P. Bartetzko
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
- Institute of Chemistry and BiochemistryFreie Universität BerlinArnimallee 2214195BerlinGermany
| | - Deborah Senf
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
- Institute of Chemistry and BiochemistryFreie Universität BerlinArnimallee 2214195BerlinGermany
| | - Anna Lakhina
- Complex Carbohydrate Research CenterUniversity of Georgia315 Riverbend RoadAthensGA30602USA
| | - Peter J. Smith
- Complex Carbohydrate Research CenterUniversity of Georgia315 Riverbend RoadAthensGA30602USA
| | - Maria J. Soto
- Complex Carbohydrate Research CenterUniversity of Georgia315 Riverbend RoadAthensGA30602USA
- Present address: US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute (JGI)BerkeleyCA94702USA
| | - Hyunil Oh
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
- Institute of Chemistry and BiochemistryFreie Universität BerlinArnimallee 2214195BerlinGermany
| | - Jeong‐Yeh Yang
- Complex Carbohydrate Research CenterUniversity of Georgia315 Riverbend RoadAthensGA30602USA
| | - Digantkumar Chapla
- Complex Carbohydrate Research CenterUniversity of Georgia315 Riverbend RoadAthensGA30602USA
| | - Daniel Varon Silva
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
| | - Mads H. Clausen
- Center for Nanomedicine and TheranosticsDepartment of ChemistryTechnical University of DenmarkKemitorvet 2072800 Kgs.LyngbyDenmark
| | - Michael G. Hahn
- Complex Carbohydrate Research CenterUniversity of Georgia315 Riverbend RoadAthensGA30602USA
| | - Kelley W. Moremen
- Complex Carbohydrate Research CenterUniversity of Georgia315 Riverbend RoadAthensGA30602USA
| | - Breeanna R. Urbanowicz
- Complex Carbohydrate Research CenterUniversity of Georgia315 Riverbend RoadAthensGA30602USA
| | - Fabian Pfrengle
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
- Institute of Chemistry and BiochemistryFreie Universität BerlinArnimallee 2214195BerlinGermany
- Present address: Department of ChemistryUniversity of Natural Resources and Life Sciences ViennaMuthgasse 181190ViennaAustria
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12
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Daughtry JL, Cao W, Ye J, Baskin JM. Clickable Galactose Analogues for Imaging Glycans in Developing Zebrafish. ACS Chem Biol 2020; 15:318-324. [PMID: 31976645 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.9b00898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Galactose is one of only nine monosaccharide precursors used to build complex glycans in vertebrates. Defects in galactose metabolism cause galactosemia and lysosomal storage diseases, and the ability to visualize metabolic flux through these pathways would help to understand mechanisms underlying disease pathogenesis. Bioorthogonal metabolic reporters are widely used tools to image glycan biosynthesis; however, to date, no galactose analogues have capitalized on this strategy. We demonstrate that the galactose salvage pathway is remarkably intolerant of unnatural galactose and galactose-1-phosphate analogues. Subtle modifications to uridine diphosphate galactose (UDP-Gal), which is the universal donor for galactosyltransferases, however, yielded effective metabolic probes for labeling glycans in vivo. We applied 6-alkynyl UDP-Gal, followed by click chemistry tagging, to visualize glycosylation during zebrafish development, revealing a striking accumulation into glycan-rich ridges within the organism's enveloping layer. UDP-Gal analogues represent a new class of glycan metabolic probes for revealing physiological and pathological changes in glycosylation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L. Daughtry
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, 461 Weill Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Wendy Cao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, 461 Weill Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Johnny Ye
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, 461 Weill Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Jeremy M. Baskin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, 461 Weill Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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13
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Feng X, Bello D, Lowe PT, Clark J, O'Hagan D. Two 3'- O-β-glucosylated nucleoside fluorometabolites related to nucleocidin in Streptomyces calvus. Chem Sci 2019; 10:9501-9505. [PMID: 32110306 PMCID: PMC7017864 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc03374b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The antibiotic nucleocidin is a product of the soil bacterium Streptomyces calvus T-3018. It is among the very rare fluorine containing natural products but is distinct from the other fluorometabolites in that it is not biosynthesised from 5'-fluorodeoxyadenosine via the fluorinase. It seems to have a unique enzymatic fluorination process. We disclose here the structures of two 4'-fluoro-3'-O-β-glucosylated metabolites (F-Mets I and II) which appear and then disappear before nucleocidin production in batch cultures of S. calvus. Full genome sequencing of S. calvus T-3018 and an analysis of the putative biosynthetic gene cluster for nucleocidin identified UDP-glucose dependent glucosyl transferase (nucGT) and glucosidase (nucGS) genes within the cluster. We demonstrate that these genes express enzymes that have the capacity to attach and remove glucose from the 3'-O-position of adenosine analogues. In the case of F-Met II, deglucosylation with the NucGS glucosidase generates nucleocidin suggesting a role in its biosynthesis. Gene knockouts of nucGT abolished nucelocidin production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Feng
- School of Chemistry , University of St Andrews , North Haugh, St Andrews , Fife , KY16 9ST , UK .
| | - Davide Bello
- School of Chemistry , University of St Andrews , North Haugh, St Andrews , Fife , KY16 9ST , UK .
| | - Phillip T Lowe
- School of Chemistry , University of St Andrews , North Haugh, St Andrews , Fife , KY16 9ST , UK .
| | - Joshua Clark
- School of Chemistry , University of St Andrews , North Haugh, St Andrews , Fife , KY16 9ST , UK .
| | - David O'Hagan
- School of Chemistry , University of St Andrews , North Haugh, St Andrews , Fife , KY16 9ST , UK .
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14
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Choi J, Wagner LJS, Timmermans SBPE, Malaker SA, Schumann B, Gray MA, Debets MF, Takashima M, Gehring J, Bertozzi CR. Engineering Orthogonal Polypeptide GalNAc-Transferase and UDP-Sugar Pairs. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:13442-13453. [PMID: 31373799 PMCID: PMC6813768 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b04695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
O-Linked α-N-acetylgalactosamine (O-GalNAc) glycans constitute a major part of the human glycome. They are difficult to study because of the complex interplay of 20 distinct glycosyltransferase isoenzymes that initiate this form of glycosylation, the polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases (GalNAc-Ts). Despite proven disease relevance, correlating the activity of individual GalNAc-Ts with biological function remains challenging due to a lack of tools to probe their substrate specificity in a complex biological environment. Here, we develop a "bump-hole" chemical reporter system for studying GalNAc-T activity in vitro. Individual GalNAc-Ts were rationally engineered to contain an enlarged active site (hole) and probed with a newly synthesized collection of 20 (bumped) uridine diphosphate N-acetylgalactosamine (UDP-GalNAc) analogs to identify enzyme-substrate pairs that retain peptide specificities but are otherwise completely orthogonal to native enzyme-substrate pairs. The approach was applicable to multiple GalNAc-T isoenzymes, including GalNAc-T1 and -T2 that prefer nonglycosylated peptide substrates and GalNAcT-10 that prefers a preglycosylated peptide substrate. A detailed investigation of enzyme kinetics and specificities revealed the robustness of the approach to faithfully report on GalNAc-T activity and paves the way for studying substrate specificities in living systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwon Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 5 Hwarangro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Lauren J. S. Wagner
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Suzanne B. P. E. Timmermans
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Stacy A. Malaker
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Benjamin Schumann
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Melissa A. Gray
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Marjoke F. Debets
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Megumi Takashima
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jase Gehring
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Carolyn R. Bertozzi
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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15
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Huang J, Brenna C, Khan AUM, Daniele C, Rudolf R, Heuveline V, Gretz N. A cationic near infrared fluorescent agent and ethyl-cinnamate tissue clearing protocol for vascular staining and imaging. Sci Rep 2019; 9:521. [PMID: 30679514 PMCID: PMC6345820 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36741-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding vascular structures and dysfunction is a fundamental challenge. This task has been approached by using traditional methodologies such as microscopic computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Both techniques are not only expensive but also time-consuming. Here, we present a new method for visualizing vascular structures in different organs in an efficient manner. A cationic near infrared (NIR) fluorescent dye was developed with attractive features to specifically stain blood vessels. Furthermore, we refined the process of organ staining and harvesting by retrograde perfusion and optimized the subsequent dehydration and clearing process by the use of an automatic tissue processor and a non-toxic substance, ethyl-cinnamate. Using this approach, the time interval between organ harvesting and microscopic analysis can be reduced from day(s) or weeks to 4 hours. Finally, we have demonstrated that the new NIR fluorescent agent in combination with confocal or light-sheet microscopy can be efficiently used for visualization of vascular structures, such as the blood vessels in different organs e.g. glomeruli in kidneys, with an extremely high resolution. Our approach facilitates the development of automatic image processing and the quantitative analysis to study vascular and kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaguo Huang
- Medical Research Center, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.,Institute for Medical Technology, University of Heidelberg and University of Applied Sciences, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Cinzia Brenna
- Medical Research Center, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.,Institute for Medical Technology, University of Heidelberg and University of Applied Sciences, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Arif Ul Maula Khan
- Medical Research Center, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.,Institute for Medical Technology, University of Heidelberg and University of Applied Sciences, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Cristina Daniele
- Medical Research Center, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.,Institute for Medical Technology, University of Heidelberg and University of Applied Sciences, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Rudolf
- Institute for Medical Technology, University of Heidelberg and University of Applied Sciences, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.,Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, 68163, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Vincent Heuveline
- Director of the Computing Centre, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 293, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Norbert Gretz
- Medical Research Center, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany. .,Institute for Medical Technology, University of Heidelberg and University of Applied Sciences, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.
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16
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Alavi Naini SM, Soussi-Yanicostas N. Heparan Sulfate as a Therapeutic Target in Tauopathies: Insights From Zebrafish. Front Cell Dev Biol 2018; 6:163. [PMID: 30619849 PMCID: PMC6306439 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2018.00163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) hyperphosphorylation and aggregation, are two hallmarks of a family of neurodegenerative disorders collectively referred to as tauopathies. In many tauopathies, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and Pick's disease, tau aggregates are found associated with highly sulfated polysaccharides known as heparan sulfates (HSs). In AD, amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide aggregates associated with HS are also characteristic of disease. Heparin, an HS analog, promotes misfolding, hyperphosphorylation and aggregation of tau protein in vitro. HS also provides cell surface receptors for attachment and uptake of tau seeds, enabling their propagation. These findings point to HS-tau interactions as potential therapeutic targets in tauopathies. The zebrafish genome contains genes paralogous to MAPT, genes orthologous to HS biosynthetic and chain modifier enzymes, and other genes implicated in AD. The nervous system in the zebrafish bears anatomical and chemical similarities to that in humans. These homologies, together with numerous technical advantages, make zebrafish a valuable model for investigating basic mechanisms in tauopathies and identifying therapeutic targets. Here, we comprehensively review current knowledge on the role of HSs in tau pathology and HS-targeting therapeutic approaches. We also discuss novel insights from zebrafish suggesting a role for HS 3-O-sulfated motifs in tau pathology and establishing HS antagonists as potential preventive agents or therapies for tauopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Maryam Alavi Naini
- Department of Neuroscience, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), INSERM, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
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17
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Chandrasekaran KS, Rentmeister A. Clicking a Fish: Click Chemistry of Different Biomolecules in Danio rerio. Biochemistry 2018; 58:24-30. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.8b00934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Subramanian Chandrasekaran
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 2, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Andrea Rentmeister
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 2, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
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18
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Wang J, Greenway H, Li S, Wei M, Polizzi SJ, Wang PG. Facile and Stereo-Selective Synthesis of UDP-α-D-xylose and UDP-β-L-arabinose Using UDP-Sugar Pyrophosphorylase. Front Chem 2018; 6:163. [PMID: 29876343 PMCID: PMC5974040 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel synthesis of nucleotide sugars was conducted to prepare UDP-α-D-xylose and UDP-β-L-arabinose without utilizing protection strategies or advanced purification techniques. Sugar-1-phosphates of D-xylose and L-arabinose were synthesized from their β-glycosylsulfonylhydrazides and evaluated as substrates for recombinant UDP-sugar pyrophosphorylases from Arabidopsis thaliana or Bifidobacterium infantis to furnish the biologically active nucleotide. The facile, three-step procedure takes advantage of substrate diversity available through chemical synthesis followed by the selectivity of enzyme catalysis. This approach increases the substrate scope of enzymatic preparation and expands access to stereopure nucleotide sugars on preparative scale. Increased production of both sugars has implications for glycoengineering and glycan production using glycosyltransferases.
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Affiliation(s)
- JiaJia Wang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Harmon Greenway
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Chemily, LLC, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Mohui Wei
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | | | - Peng G. Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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19
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Yuan B, Chen Y, Sun Y, Guo Q, Huang J, Liu J, Meng X, Yang X, Wen X, Li Z, Li L, Wang K. Enhanced Imaging of Specific Cell-Surface Glycosylation Based on Multi-FRET. Anal Chem 2018; 90:6131-6137. [PMID: 29696967 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cell-surface glycosylation contains abundant biological information that reflects cell physiological state, and it is of great value to image cell-surface glycosylation to elucidate its functions. Here we present a hybridization chain reaction (HCR)-based multifluorescence resonance energy transfer (multi-FRET) method for specific imaging of cell-surface glycosylation. By installing donors through metabolic glycan labeling and acceptors through aptamer-tethered nanoassemblies on the same glycoconjugate, intramolecular multi-FRET occurs due to near donor-acceptor distance. Benefiting from amplified effect and spatial flexibility of the HCR nanoassemblies, enhanced multi-FRET imaging of specific cell-surface glycosylation can be obtained. With this HCR-based multi-FRET method, we achieved obvious contrast in imaging of protein-specific GalNAcylation on 7211 cell surfaces. In addition, we demonstrated the general applicability of this method by visualizing the protein-specific sialylation on CEM cell surfaces. Furthermore, the expression changes of CEM cell-surface protein-specific sialylation under drug treatment was accurately monitored. This developed imaging method may provide a powerful tool in researching glycosylation functions, discovering biomarkers, and screening drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoyin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hunan University, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering of Hunan Province , Changsha 410082 , China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hunan University, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering of Hunan Province , Changsha 410082 , China
| | - Yuqiong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hunan University, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering of Hunan Province , Changsha 410082 , China
| | - Qiuping Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hunan University, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering of Hunan Province , Changsha 410082 , China
| | - Jin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hunan University, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering of Hunan Province , Changsha 410082 , China
| | - Jianbo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hunan University, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering of Hunan Province , Changsha 410082 , China
| | - Xiangxian Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hunan University, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering of Hunan Province , Changsha 410082 , China
| | - Xiaohai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hunan University, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering of Hunan Province , Changsha 410082 , China
| | - Xiaohong Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hunan University, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering of Hunan Province , Changsha 410082 , China
| | - Zenghui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hunan University, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering of Hunan Province , Changsha 410082 , China
| | - Lie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hunan University, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering of Hunan Province , Changsha 410082 , China
| | - Kemin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hunan University, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering of Hunan Province , Changsha 410082 , China
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20
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McCune CD, Beio ML, Sturdivant JM, de la Salud-Bea R, Darnell BM, Berkowitz DB. Synthesis and Deployment of an Elusive Fluorovinyl Cation Equivalent: Access to Quaternary α-(1'-Fluoro)vinyl Amino Acids as Potential PLP Enzyme Inactivators. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:14077-14089. [PMID: 28906111 PMCID: PMC6052324 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b04690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Developing specific chemical functionalities to deploy in biological environments for targeted enzyme inactivation lies at the heart of mechanism-based inhibitor development but also is central to other protein-tagging methods in modern chemical biology including activity-based protein profiling and proteolysis-targeting chimeras. We describe here a previously unknown class of potential PLP enzyme inactivators; namely, a family of quaternary, α-(1'-fluoro)vinyl amino acids, bearing the side chains of the cognate amino acids. These are obtained by the capture of suitably protected amino acid enolates with β,β-difluorovinyl phenyl sulfone, a new (1'-fluoro)vinyl cation equivalent, and an electrophile that previously eluded synthesis, capture and characterization. A significant variety of biologically relevant AA side chains are tolerated including those for alanine, valine, leucine, methionine, lysine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan. Following addition/elimination, the resulting transoid α-(1'-fluoro)-β-(phenylsulfonyl)vinyl AA-esters undergo smooth sulfone-stannane interchange to stereoselectively give the corresponding transoid α-(1'-fluoro)-β-(tributylstannyl)vinyl AA-esters. Protodestannylation and global deprotection then yield these sterically encumbered and densely functionalized quaternary amino acids. The α-(1'-fluoro)vinyl trigger, a potential allene-generating functionality originally proposed by Abeles, is now available in a quaternary AA context for the first time. In an initial test of this new inhibitor class, α-(1'-fluoro)vinyllysine is seen to act as a time-dependent, irreversible inactivator of lysine decarboxylase from Hafnia alvei. The enantiomers of the inhibitor could be resolved, and each is seen to give time-dependent inactivation with this enzyme. Kitz-Wilson analysis reveals similar inactivation parameters for the two antipodes, L-α-(1'-fluoro)vinyllysine (Ki = 630 ± 20 μM; t1/2 = 2.8 min) and D-α-(1'-fluoro)vinyllysine (Ki = 470 ± 30 μM; t1/2 = 3.6 min). The stage is now set for exploration of the efficacy of this trigger in other PLP-enzyme active sites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Brendan M. Darnell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0304
| | - David B. Berkowitz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0304
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21
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Zhu Y, Chen X. Expanding the Scope of Metabolic Glycan Labeling in Arabidopsis thaliana. Chembiochem 2017; 18:1286-1296. [PMID: 28383803 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic glycan labeling (MGL) has gained wide utility and has become a useful tool for probing glycosylation in living systems. For the past three decades, the development and application of MGL have mostly focused on animal glycosylation. Recently, exploiting MGL for studying plant glycosylation has gained interest. Here, we describe a systematic evaluation of MGL for fluorescence imaging of root glycans in Arabidopsis thaliana. Nineteen monosaccharide analogues containing a bioorthogonal group (azide, alkyne, or cyclopropene) were synthesized and evaluated for metabolic incorporation into root glycans. Among these unnatural sugars, 14 (including three new compounds) were evaluated in plants for the first time. Our results showed that five unnatural sugars metabolically labeled root glycans efficiently, and enabled fluorescence imaging by bioorthogonal conjugation with fluorophores. We optimized the experimental procedures for MGL in Arabidopsis. Finally, distinct distribution patterns of the newly synthesized glycans were observed along the root developmental zones, thus indicating regulated biosynthesis of glycans during root development. We envision that MGL will find broad applications in plant glycobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuntao Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xing Chen
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center and, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and, Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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22
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de Moliner F, Kielland N, Lavilla R, Vendrell M. Modern Synthetic Avenues for the Preparation of Functional Fluorophores. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:3758-3769. [PMID: 27907246 PMCID: PMC5396271 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201609394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Biomedical research relies on the fast and accurate profiling of specific biomolecules and cells in a non‐invasive manner. Functional fluorophores are powerful tools for such studies. As these sophisticated structures are often difficult to access through conventional synthetic strategies, new chemical processes have been developed in the past few years. In this Minireview, we describe the most recent advances in the design, preparation, and fine‐tuning of fluorophores by means of multicomponent reactions, C−H activation processes, cycloadditions, and biomolecule‐based chemical transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio de Moliner
- MRC/UoE Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Nicola Kielland
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona Science Park, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Rodolfo Lavilla
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona Science Park, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, Barcelona, 08028, Spain.,CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre for Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Marc Vendrell
- MRC/UoE Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
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23
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de Moliner F, Kielland N, Lavilla R, Vendrell M. Moderne Strategien zur Synthese funktioneller Fluorophore. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201609394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio de Moliner
- MRC/UoE Centre for Inflammation Research; The University of Edinburgh; 47 Little France Crescent Edinburgh EH16 4TJ Großbritannien
| | - Nicola Kielland
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Science Park, Baldiri Reixac 10-12 Barcelona 08028 Spanien
| | - Rodolfo Lavilla
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Science Park, Baldiri Reixac 10-12 Barcelona 08028 Spanien
- CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre for Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine; Baldiri Reixac 10-12 Barcelona 08028 Spanien
| | - Marc Vendrell
- MRC/UoE Centre for Inflammation Research; The University of Edinburgh; 47 Little France Crescent Edinburgh EH16 4TJ Großbritannien
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24
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McLeod CM, Mauck RL. High fidelity visualization of cell-to-cell variation and temporal dynamics in nascent extracellular matrix formation. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38852. [PMID: 27941914 PMCID: PMC5150986 DOI: 10.1038/srep38852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular matrix dynamics are key to tissue morphogenesis, homeostasis, injury, and repair. The spatiotemporal organization of this matrix has profound biological implications, but is challenging to monitor using standard techniques. Here, we address these challenges by using noncanonical amino acid tagging to fluorescently label extracellular matrix synthesized in the presence of bio-orthogonal methionine analogs. This strategy labels matrix proteins with high resolution, without compromising their distribution or mechanical function. We demonstrate that the organization and temporal dynamics of the proteinaceous matrix depend on the biophysical features of the microenvironment, including the biomaterial scaffold and the niche constructed by cells themselves. Pulse labeling experiments reveal that, in immature constructs, nascent matrix is highly fibrous and interdigitates with pre-existing matrix, while in more developed constructs, nascent matrix lacks fibrous organization and is retained in the immediate pericellular space. Inhibition of collagen crosslinking increases matrix synthesis, but compromises matrix organization. Finally, these data demonstrate marked cell-to-cell heterogeneity amongst both chondrocytes and mesenchymal stem cells undergoing chondrogenesis. Collectively, these results introduce fluorescent noncanonical amino acid tagging as a strategy to investigate spatiotemporal matrix organization, and demonstrate its ability to identify differences in phenotype, microenvironment, and matrix assembly at the single cell level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire M McLeod
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Philadelphia VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Robert L Mauck
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Philadelphia VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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25
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Sminia TJ, Zuilhof H, Wennekes T. Getting a grip on glycans: A current overview of the metabolic oligosaccharide engineering toolbox. Carbohydr Res 2016; 435:121-141. [PMID: 27750120 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2016.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This review discusses the advances in metabolic oligosaccharide engineering (MOE) from 2010 to 2016 with a focus on the structure, preparation, and reactivity of its chemical probes. A brief historical overview of MOE is followed by a comprehensive overview of the chemical probes currently available in the MOE molecular toolbox and the bioconjugation techniques they enable. The final part of the review focusses on the synthesis of a selection of probes and finishes with an outlook on recent and potential upcoming advances in the field of MOE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tjerk J Sminia
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University and Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Han Zuilhof
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University and Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tom Wennekes
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University and Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands; Department of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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26
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Saliba RC, Pohl NL. Designing sugar mimetics: non-natural pyranosides as innovative chemical tools. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2016; 34:127-134. [PMID: 27621102 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2016.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The importance of oligosaccharides in myriad biological processes is becoming increasingly clear. However, these carbohydrate-mediated processes are often challenging to dissect due to the often poor affinity, stability and selectivity of the oligosaccharides involved. To circumvent these issues, non-natural carbohydrates-carbohydrate mimics-are being designed as innovative tools to modify biomolecules of interest or to understand biological pathways using fluorescence microscopy, X-ray or nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). This review focuses on key examples of recently developed non-natural sugars to answer specific biological needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regis C Saliba
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47401, United States.
| | - Nicola Lb Pohl
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47401, United States.
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27
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Zhang X, Li R, Chen Y, Zhang S, Wang W, Li F. Applying DNA rolling circle amplification in fluorescence imaging of cell surface glycans labeled by a metabolic method. Chem Sci 2016; 7:6182-6189. [PMID: 30034758 PMCID: PMC6024553 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc02089e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycans on the cell surfaces are essential for cellular communication. Metabolically labeling glycans can introduce unnatural sugars into cellular glycans, which can facilitate further labeling. We report herein imaging cell surface glycosylation by using click chemistry and DNA rolling circle amplification (RCA) to improve detection sensitivity. Through the RCA amplification, the image resolution of a cell was significantly improved and much fewer unnatural sugars were used than required previously. The advantage of this method is that it avoids introducing too much unnatural sugar, which can interfere with normal, physiological cell function. Simultaneously, the enhanced fluorescence intensity conveniently facilitates the detection of cells' own biosynthetic glycans by simply using a microplate reader. The results indicate that the metabolically labelling ability is different for different carbohydrates and different cells. Next, the RCA technique was adopted in a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based methodology that facilitated the glycan imaging of specific proteins on the cell surface. This method is broadly applicable to imaging the glycosylation of cellular proteins. Our results highlight the applications of RCA in metabolic glycan labeling, which can be used to monitor the glycosylation status on cells, and study the means by which glycosylation regulates cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoru Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Sensor Analysis of Tumor Marker , Ministry of Education , College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Qingdao University of Science and Technology , Qingdao 266042 , P. R. China
| | - Ruijuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Sensor Analysis of Tumor Marker , Ministry of Education , College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Qingdao University of Science and Technology , Qingdao 266042 , P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Sensor Analysis of Tumor Marker , Ministry of Education , College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Qingdao University of Science and Technology , Qingdao 266042 , P. R. China
| | - Shusheng Zhang
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Makers , College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Linyi University , Linyi 276000 , P. R. China .
| | - Wenshuang Wang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology , Shandong University , Jinan 250100 , P. R. China .
| | - Fuchuan Li
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology , Shandong University , Jinan 250100 , P. R. China .
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28
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Brown DS, Eames BF. Emerging tools to study proteoglycan function during skeletal development. Methods Cell Biol 2016; 134:485-530. [PMID: 27312503 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In the past 20years, appreciation for the varied roles of proteoglycans (PGs), which are specific types of sugar-coated proteins, has increased dramatically. PGs in the extracellular matrix were long known to impart structural functions to many tissues, especially articular cartilage, which cushions bones and allows mobility at skeletal joints. Indeed, osteoarthritis is a debilitating disease associated with loss of PGs in articular cartilage. Today, however, PGs have a demonstrated role in cell biological processes, such as growth factor signalling, prompting new perspectives on the etiology of PG-associated diseases. Here, we review diseases associated with defects in PG synthesis and sulfation, also highlighting current understanding of the underlying genetics, biochemistry, and cell biology. Since most research has analyzed a class of PGs called heparan sulfate PGs, more attention is paid here to studies of chondroitin sulfate PGs (CSPGs), which are abundant in cartilage. Interestingly, CSPG synthesis is tightly linked to the cell biological processes of secretion and lysosomal degradation, suggesting that these systems may be linked genetically. Animal models of loss of CSPG function have revealed CSPGs to impact skeletal development. Specifically, our work from a mutagenesis screen in zebrafish led to the hypothesis that cartilage PGs normally delay the timing of endochondral ossification. Finally, we outline emerging approaches in zebrafish that may revolutionize the study of cartilage PG function, including transgenic methods and novel imaging techniques. Our recent work with X-ray fluorescent imaging, for example, enables direct correlation of PG function with PG-dependent biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Brown
- University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - B F Eames
- University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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29
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Gutmann M, Memmel E, Braun AC, Seibel J, Meinel L, Lühmann T. Biocompatible Azide-Alkyne "Click" Reactions for Surface Decoration of Glyco-Engineered Cells. Chembiochem 2016; 17:866-75. [PMID: 26818821 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201500582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Bio-orthogonal copper (I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) has been widely used to modify azide- or alkyne-bearing monosaccharides on metabolic glyco-engineered mammalian cells. Here, we present a systematic study to elucidate the design space for the cytotoxic effects of the copper catalyst on NIH 3T3 fibroblasts and on HEK 293-F cells. Monitoring membrane integrity by flow cytometry and RT-PCR analysis with apoptotic and anti-apoptotic markers elucidated the general feasibility of CuAAC, with exposure time of the CuAAC reaction mixture having the major influence on biocompatibility. A high labeling efficiency of HEK 293-F cells with a fluorescent alkyne dye was rapidly achieved by CuAAC in comparison to copper free strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC). The study details effective and biocompatible conditions for CuAAC-based modification of glyco-engineered cells in comparison to its copper free alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Gutmann
- Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Memmel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Alexandra C Braun
- Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Seibel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Lorenz Meinel
- Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tessa Lühmann
- Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.
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30
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Agarwal P, Beahm BJ, Shieh P, Bertozzi CR. Systemic Fluorescence Imaging of Zebrafish Glycans with Bioorthogonal Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:11504-10. [PMID: 26230529 PMCID: PMC4694582 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201504249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Vertebrate glycans constitute a large, important, and dynamic set of post-translational modifications that are notoriously difficult to manipulate and image. Although the chemical reporter strategy has been used in conjunction with bioorthogonal chemistry to image the external glycosylation state of live zebrafish and detect tumor-associated glycans in mice, the ability to image glycans systemically within a live organism has remained elusive. Here, we report a method that combines the metabolic incorporation of a cyclooctyne-functionalized sialic acid derivative with a ligation reaction of a fluorogenic tetrazine, allowing for the imaging of sialylated glycoconjugates within live zebrafish embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paresh Agarwal
- Departments of Chemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, B84 Hildebrand Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
| | - Brendan J Beahm
- Departments of Chemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, B84 Hildebrand Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
| | - Peyton Shieh
- Departments of Chemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, B84 Hildebrand Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
| | - Carolyn R Bertozzi
- Department of Chemistry and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, 333 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305.
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31
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Belardi B, Bertozzi CR. Chemical Lectinology: Tools for Probing the Ligands and Dynamics of Mammalian Lectins In Vivo. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 22:983-93. [PMID: 26256477 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2015.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The importance and complexity associated with the totality of glycan structures, i.e. the glycome, has garnered significant attention from chemists and biologists alike. However, what is lacking from this biochemical picture is how cells, tissues, and organisms interpret glycan patterns and translate this information into appropriate responses. Lectins, glycan-binding proteins, are thought to bridge this gap by decoding the glycome and dictating cell fate based on the underlying chemical identities and properties of the glycome. Yet, our understanding of the in vivo ligands and function for most lectins is still incomplete. This review focuses on recent advances in chemical tools to study the specificity and dynamics of mammalian lectins in live cells. A picture emerges of lectin function that is highly sensitive to its organization, which in turn drastically shapes immunity and cancer progression. We hope this review will inspire biologists to make use of these new techniques and stimulate chemists to continue developing innovative approaches to probe lectin biology in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Belardi
- Departments of Chemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Carolyn R Bertozzi
- Department of Chemistry and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-4401, USA.
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32
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Agarwal P, Beahm BJ, Shieh P, Bertozzi CR. Systemic Fluorescence Imaging of Zebrafish Glycans with Bioorthogonal Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201504249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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33
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Shieh P, Dien VT, Beahm BJ, Castellano JM, Wyss-Coray T, Bertozzi CR. CalFluors: A Universal Motif for Fluorogenic Azide Probes across the Visible Spectrum. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:7145-51. [PMID: 25902190 PMCID: PMC4487548 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b02383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent bioorthogonal smart probes across the visible spectrum will enable sensitive visualization of metabolically labeled molecules in biological systems. Here we present a unified design, based on the principle of photoinduced electron transfer, to access a panel of highly fluorogenic azide probes that are activated by conversion to the corresponding triazoles via click chemistry. Termed the CalFluors, these probes possess emission maxima that range from green to far red wavelengths, and enable sensitive biomolecule detection under no-wash conditions. We used the CalFluor probes to image various alkyne-labeled biomolecules (glycans, DNA, RNA, and proteins) in cells, developing zebrafish, and mouse brain tissue slices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyton Shieh
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Vivian T. Dien
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Brendan J. Beahm
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Joseph M. Castellano
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Tony Wyss-Coray
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Carolyn R. Bertozzi
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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34
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van Wijk XM, Lawrence R, Thijssen VL, van den Broek SA, Troost R, van Scherpenzeel M, Naidu N, Oosterhof A, Griffioen AW, Lefeber DJ, van Delft FL, van Kuppevelt TH. A common sugar-nucleotide-mediated mechanism of inhibition of (glycosamino)glycan biosynthesis, as evidenced by 6F-GalNAc (Ac3). FASEB J 2015; 29:2993-3002. [PMID: 25868729 DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-264226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) polysaccharides have been implicated in a variety of cellular processes, and alterations in their amount and structure have been associated with diseases such as cancer. In this study, we probed 11 sugar analogs for their capacity to interfere with GAG biosynthesis. One analog, with a modification not directly involved in the glycosidic bond formation, 6F-N-acetyl-d-galactosamine (GalNAc) (Ac3), was selected for further study on its metabolic and biologic effect. Treatment of human ovarian carcinoma cells with 50 μM 6F-GalNAc (Ac3) inhibited biosynthesis of GAGs (chondroitin/dermatan sulfate by ∼50-60%, heparan sulfate by ∼35%), N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (GlcNAc)/GalNAc containing glycans recognized by the lectins Datura stramonium and peanut agglutinin (by ∼74 and ∼43%, respectively), and O-GlcNAc protein modification. With respect to function, 6F-GalNAc (Ac3) treatment inhibited growth factor signaling and reduced in vivo angiogenesis by ∼33%. Although the analog was readily transformed in cells into the uridine 5'-diphosphate (UDP)-activated form, it was not incorporated into GAGs. Rather, it strongly reduced cellular UDP-GalNAc and UDP-GlcNAc pools. Together with data from the literature, these findings indicate that nucleotide sugar depletion without incorporation is a common mechanism of sugar analogs for inhibiting GAG/glycan biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xander M van Wijk
- *Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Department of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, and Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Genetic, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Glycobiology Research and Training Center, and Glycotechnology Core, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA; and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roger Lawrence
- *Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Department of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, and Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Genetic, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Glycobiology Research and Training Center, and Glycotechnology Core, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA; and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Victor L Thijssen
- *Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Department of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, and Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Genetic, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Glycobiology Research and Training Center, and Glycotechnology Core, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA; and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastiaan A van den Broek
- *Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Department of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, and Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Genetic, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Glycobiology Research and Training Center, and Glycotechnology Core, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA; and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ran Troost
- *Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Department of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, and Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Genetic, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Glycobiology Research and Training Center, and Glycotechnology Core, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA; and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Monique van Scherpenzeel
- *Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Department of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, and Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Genetic, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Glycobiology Research and Training Center, and Glycotechnology Core, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA; and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Natasha Naidu
- *Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Department of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, and Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Genetic, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Glycobiology Research and Training Center, and Glycotechnology Core, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA; and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arie Oosterhof
- *Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Department of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, and Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Genetic, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Glycobiology Research and Training Center, and Glycotechnology Core, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA; and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arjan W Griffioen
- *Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Department of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, and Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Genetic, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Glycobiology Research and Training Center, and Glycotechnology Core, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA; and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk J Lefeber
- *Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Department of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, and Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Genetic, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Glycobiology Research and Training Center, and Glycotechnology Core, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA; and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Floris L van Delft
- *Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Department of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, and Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Genetic, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Glycobiology Research and Training Center, and Glycotechnology Core, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA; and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Toin H van Kuppevelt
- *Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Department of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, and Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Genetic, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Glycobiology Research and Training Center, and Glycotechnology Core, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA; and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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35
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Kuhn J, Götting C, Beahm BJ, Bertozzi CR, Faust I, Kuzaj P, Knabbe C, Hendig D. Xylosyltransferase II is the predominant isoenzyme which is responsible for the steady-state level of xylosyltransferase activity in human serum. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 459:469-74. [PMID: 25748573 PMCID: PMC6598695 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.02.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
In mammals, two active xylosyltransferase isoenzymes (EC 2.4.2.16) exist. Both xylosyltransferases I and II (XT-I and XT-II) catalyze the transfer of xylose from UDP-xylose to select serine residues in the proteoglycan core protein. Altered XT activity in human serum was found to correlate directly with various diseases such as osteoarthritis, systemic sclerosis, liver fibrosis, and pseudoxanthoma elasticum. To interpret the significance of the enzyme activity alteration observed in disease states it is important to know which isoenzyme is responsible for the XT activity in serum. Until now it was impossible for a specific measurement of XT-I or XT-II activity, respectively, because of the absence of a suitable enzyme substrate. This issue has now been solved and the following experimental study demonstrates for the first time, via the enzyme activity that XT-II is the predominant isoenzyme responsible for XT activity in human serum. The proof was performed using natural UDP-xylose as the xylose donor, as well as the artificial compound UDP-4-azido-4-deoxyxylose, which is a selective xylose donor for XT-I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Kuhn
- Institut für Laboratoriums- und Transfusionsmedizin, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Universitätsklinik der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Georgstraße 11, 32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany.
| | - Christian Götting
- MVZ Labor Limbach Nürnberg, Lina-Ammon-Strasse 28, 90471 Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Brendan J Beahm
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology Howard Hughes Medical Institute University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Carolyn R Bertozzi
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology Howard Hughes Medical Institute University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Isabel Faust
- Institut für Laboratoriums- und Transfusionsmedizin, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Universitätsklinik der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Georgstraße 11, 32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Patricia Kuzaj
- Institut für Laboratoriums- und Transfusionsmedizin, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Universitätsklinik der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Georgstraße 11, 32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Cornelius Knabbe
- Institut für Laboratoriums- und Transfusionsmedizin, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Universitätsklinik der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Georgstraße 11, 32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Doris Hendig
- Institut für Laboratoriums- und Transfusionsmedizin, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Universitätsklinik der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Georgstraße 11, 32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
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AL-Shuaeeb RAA, Galvani G, Bernadat G, Brion JD, Alami M, Messaoudi S. Diversity-oriented synthesis of fused thioglycosyl benzo[e][1,4]oxathiepin-5-ones and benzo[f][1,4]thiazepin-5(2H)-ones by a sequence of palladium-catalyzed glycosyl thiol arylation and deprotection–lactonization reactions. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:10904-16. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob01603g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient synthesis of thioglycosylated benzo[e][1,4]-oxathiepin-5-one and benzothiazepinone derivatives has been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gilles Galvani
- Univ. Paris-Sud
- CNRS
- BioCIS-UMR 8076
- Laboratoire de Chimie Thérapeutique
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre Le Cancer
| | - Guillaume Bernadat
- Univ. Paris-Sud
- CNRS
- BioCIS-UMR 8076
- Laboratoire de Chimie Thérapeutique
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre Le Cancer
| | - Jean-Daniel Brion
- Univ. Paris-Sud
- CNRS
- BioCIS-UMR 8076
- Laboratoire de Chimie Thérapeutique
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre Le Cancer
| | - Mouad Alami
- Univ. Paris-Sud
- CNRS
- BioCIS-UMR 8076
- Laboratoire de Chimie Thérapeutique
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre Le Cancer
| | - Samir Messaoudi
- Univ. Paris-Sud
- CNRS
- BioCIS-UMR 8076
- Laboratoire de Chimie Thérapeutique
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre Le Cancer
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37
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Rossin R, Robillard MS. Pretargeted imaging using bioorthogonal chemistry in mice. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2014; 21:161-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2014.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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38
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Buckley HL, Rubin LK, Chromiński M, McNicholas BJ, Tsen KHY, Gryko DT, Arnold J. Corroles That “Click”: Modular Synthesis of Azido- and Propargyl-Functionalized Metallocorrole Complexes and Convergent Synthesis of a Bis-corrole Scaffold. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:7941-50. [DOI: 10.1021/ic500714h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Heather L. Buckley
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Leah K. Rubin
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Mikołaj Chromiński
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Brendon J. McNicholas
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Katherine H. Y. Tsen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Daniel T. Gryko
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - John Arnold
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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39
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Stewart JA, Wilson CJ, Swarts BM. Effect of Azide Position on the Rate of Azido Glucose–Cyclooctyne Cycloaddition. J Carbohydr Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/07328303.2014.931963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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40
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Gold B, Batsomboon P, Dudley GB, Alabugin IV. Alkynyl Crown Ethers as a Scaffold for Hyperconjugative Assistance in Noncatalyzed Azide–Alkyne Click Reactions: Ion Sensing through Enhanced Transition-State Stabilization. J Org Chem 2014; 79:6221-32. [DOI: 10.1021/jo500958n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian Gold
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States
| | - Paratchata Batsomboon
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States
| | - Gregory B. Dudley
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States
| | - Igor V. Alabugin
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States
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