1
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Prosser L, Talbott JM, Garrity RP, Raj M. C-Terminal Arginine-Selective Cleavage of Peptides as a Method for Mimicking Carboxypeptidase B. Org Lett 2023; 25:6206-6210. [PMID: 37585337 PMCID: PMC10463270 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
C-Terminal residues play a pivotal role in dictating the structure and functions of proteins. Herein, we report a mild, efficient, chemoselective, and site-selective chemical method that allows for precise chemical proteolysis at C-terminal arginine dictated by 9,10-phenanthrenequinone independent of the remaining sequence. This biomimetic approach also exhibits the potential to synthesize C-terminal methyl ester (-CO2Me) peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rose P. Garrity
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Monika Raj
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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2
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Abstract
Nitroxides, also known as nitroxyl radicals, are long-lived or stable radicals with the general structure R1R2N-O•. The spin distribution over the nitroxide N and O atoms contributes to the thermodynamic stability of these radicals. The presence of bulky N-substituents R1 and R2 prevents nitroxide radical dimerization, ensuring their kinetic stability. Despite their reactivity toward various transient C radicals, some nitroxides can be easily stored under air at room temperature. Furthermore, nitroxides can be oxidized to oxoammonium salts (R1R2N═O+) or reduced to anions (R1R2N-O-), enabling them to act as valuable oxidants or reductants depending on their oxidation state. Therefore, they exhibit interesting reactivity across all three oxidation states. Due to these fascinating properties, nitroxides find extensive applications in diverse fields such as biochemistry, medicinal chemistry, materials science, and organic synthesis. This review focuses on the versatile applications of nitroxides in organic synthesis. For their use in other important fields, we will refer to several review articles. The introductory part provides a brief overview of the history of nitroxide chemistry. Subsequently, the key methods for preparing nitroxides are discussed, followed by an examination of their structural diversity and physical properties. The main portion of this review is dedicated to oxidation reactions, wherein parent nitroxides or their corresponding oxoammonium salts serve as active species. It will be demonstrated that various functional groups (such as alcohols, amines, enolates, and alkanes among others) can be efficiently oxidized. These oxidations can be carried out using nitroxides as catalysts in combination with various stoichiometric terminal oxidants. By reducing nitroxides to their corresponding anions, they become effective reducing reagents with intriguing applications in organic synthesis. Nitroxides possess the ability to selectively react with transient radicals, making them useful for terminating radical cascade reactions by forming alkoxyamines. Depending on their structure, alkoxyamines exhibit weak C-O bonds, allowing for the thermal generation of C radicals through reversible C-O bond cleavage. Such thermally generated C radicals can participate in various radical transformations, as discussed toward the end of this review. Furthermore, the application of this strategy in natural product synthesis will be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Leifert
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Armido Studer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
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3
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Ahmad MG, Balamurali MM, Chanda K. Click-derived multifunctional metal complexes for diverse applications. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:5051-5087. [PMID: 37431583 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00343d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
The Click reaction that involves Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) serves as the most potent and highly dependable tool for the development of many complex architectures. It has paved the way for the synthesis of numerous drug molecules with enhanced synthetic flexibility, reliability, specificity and modularity. It is all about bringing two different molecular entities together to achieve the required molecular properties. The utilization of Click chemistry has been well demonstrated in organic synthesis, particularly in reactions that involve biocompatible precursors. In pharmaceutical research, Click chemistry is extensively utilized for drug delivery applications. The exhibited bio-compatibility and dormancy towards other biological components under cellular environments makes Click chemistry an identified boon in bio-medical research. In this review, various click-derived transition metal complexes are discussed in terms of their applications and uniqueness. The scope of this chemistry towards other streams of applied sciences is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Gulzar Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - M M Balamurali
- Chemistry Division, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai campus, Chennai 600127, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - Kaushik Chanda
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamilnadu, India.
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4
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Yan L, Ke Y, Wang Y, Yang J, He Y, Wu L. Effect of Mini-PEGs Modification on the Enzymatic Digestion of D-Amino Acid-Containing Peptides under the Action of PROK. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203524. [PMID: 36541269 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
It was previously reported that D-amino acid-containing peptides exhibited the ability to resist enzymatic hydrolysis. This study investigated the influence of mini-PEGs modification on enzymatic hydrolysis ability of D-amino acid-containing peptides. The results showed that PEGylation promoted enzymatic hydrolysis of the D-amino acid-containing peptide, especially, the cleavage rate of the D-amino acid-containing peptide 6-w with PEG3 modification at the N-ends was up to 17 times higher in the presence of proteinase K (PROK) compared to those without PEG3 modification. Moreover, analysis of the enzymatic cleavage sites demonstrated a similar cleavage pattern of the PEGylated D-amino acid-containing peptide to that of the unmodified peptide. The computational simulations further showed that the enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis ability can be attributed to the strong interaction between PROK and the peptide after PEG3 modification and the resulting formation of a mature catalytic triad structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Yan
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yongqi Ke
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jingkui Yang
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yujian He
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Li Wu
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
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5
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Abdelhameed SAM, de Azambuja F, Vasović T, Savić ND, Ćirković Veličković T, Parac-Vogt TN. Regioselective protein oxidative cleavage enabled by enzyme-like recognition of an inorganic metal oxo cluster ligand. Nat Commun 2023; 14:486. [PMID: 36717594 PMCID: PMC9887005 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36085-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative modifications of proteins are key to many applications in biotechnology. Metal-catalyzed oxidation reactions efficiently oxidize proteins but with low selectivity, and are highly dependent on the protein surface residues to direct the reaction. Herein, we demonstrate that discrete inorganic ligands such as polyoxometalates enable an efficient and selective protein oxidative cleavage. In the presence of ascorbate (1 mM), the Cu-substituted polyoxometalate K8[Cu2+(H2O)(α2-P2W17O61)], (CuIIWD, 0.05 mM) selectively cleave hen egg white lysozyme under physiological conditions (pH =7.5, 37 °C) producing only four bands in the gel electropherogram (12.7, 11, 10, and 5 kDa). Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis reveals a regioselective cleavage in the vicinity of crystallographic CuIIWD/lysozyme interaction sites. Mechanistically, polyoxometalate is critical to position the Cu at the protein surface and limit the generation of oxidative species to the proximity of binding sites. Ultimately, this study outlines the potential of discrete, designable metal oxo clusters as catalysts for the selective modification of proteins through radical mechanisms under non-denaturing conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tamara Vasović
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences & Department of Biochemistry, University of Belgrade - Faculty of Chemistry, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nada D Savić
- KU Leuven, Department of Chemistry, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tanja Ćirković Veličković
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences & Department of Biochemistry, University of Belgrade - Faculty of Chemistry, Belgrade, Serbia.,Ghent University Global Campus, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, South Korea.,Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatjana N Parac-Vogt
- KU Leuven, Department of Chemistry, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.
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6
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Catalysis medicine: Participating in the chemical networks of living organisms through catalysts. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.133227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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7
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Stafast LM, Engel N, Görls H, Weber C, Schubert US. End-functionalized diblock copolymers by mix and match of poly(2-oxazoline) and polyester building blocks. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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8
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Mollner TA, Giltrap AM, Zeng Y, Demyanenko Y, Buchanan C, Oehlrich D, Baldwin AJ, Anthony DC, Mohammed S, Davis BG. Reductive site-selective atypical C, Z-type/N2-C2 cleavage allows C-terminal protein amidation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabl8675. [PMID: 35394836 PMCID: PMC8993120 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abl8675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Biomolecule environments can enhance chemistries with the potential to mediate and modulate self-modification (e.g., self-cleavage). While these enhanced modes are found in certain biomolecules (e.g., RNA ribozymes), it is more rare in proteins. Targeted proteolytic cleavage is vital to physiology, biotechnology, and even emerging therapy. Yet, purely chemically induced methods for the site-selective cleavage of proteins remain scarce. Here, as a proof of principle, we designed and tested a system intended to combine protein-enhanced chemistry with tag modification to enable synthetic reductive protein chemistries promoted by diboron. This reductively driven, single-electron chemistry now enables an operationally simple, site-selective cleavage protocol for proteins directed to readily accessible dehydroalanine (Dha) residues as tags under aqueous conditions and in cell lysates. In this way, a mild, efficient, enzyme-free method now allows not only precise chemical proteolysis but also simultaneous use in the removal of affinity tags and/or protein-terminus editing to create altered N- and C-termini such as protein amidation (─CONH2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim A. Mollner
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Yibo Zeng
- The Rosalind Franklin Institute, Oxfordshire, UK
| | | | - Charles Buchanan
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Daniel Oehlrich
- Global Medicinal Chemistry, Janssen Research & Development, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Andrew J. Baldwin
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- The Rosalind Franklin Institute, Oxfordshire, UK
| | | | - Shabaz Mohammed
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- The Rosalind Franklin Institute, Oxfordshire, UK
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Benjamin G. Davis
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- The Rosalind Franklin Institute, Oxfordshire, UK
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Corresponding author.
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9
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Maruyama K, Ishiyama T, Seki Y, Sakai K, Togo T, Oisaki K, Kanai M. Protein Modification at Tyrosine with Iminoxyl Radicals. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:19844-19855. [PMID: 34787412 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c09066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins are a biological mechanism for reversibly controlling protein function. Synthetic protein modifications (SPMs) at specific canonical amino acids can mimic PTMs. However, reversible SPMs at hydrophobic amino acid residues in proteins are especially limited. Here, we report a tyrosine (Tyr)-selective SPM utilizing persistent iminoxyl radicals, which are readily generated from sterically hindered oximes via single-electron oxidation. The reactivity of iminoxyl radicals with Tyr was dependent on the steric and electronic demands of oximes; isopropyl methyl piperidinium oxime 1f formed stable adducts, whereas the reaction of tert-butyl methyl piperidinium oxime 1o was reversible. The difference in reversibility between 1f and 1o, differentiated only by one methyl group, is due to the stability of iminoxyl radicals, which is partly dictated by the bond dissociation energy of oxime O-H groups. The Tyr-selective modifications with 1f and 1o proceeded under physiologically relevant, mild conditions. Specifically, the stable Tyr-modification with 1f introduced functional small molecules, including an azobenzene photoswitch, to proteins. Moreover, masking critical Tyr residues by SPM with 1o, and subsequent deconjugation triggered by the treatment with a thiol, enabled on-demand control of protein functions. We applied this reversible Tyr modification with 1o to alter an enzymatic activity and the binding affinity of a monoclonal antibody with an antigen upon modification/deconjugation. The on-demand ON/OFF switch of protein functions through Tyr-selective and reversible covalent-bond formation will provide unique opportunities in biological research and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuya Maruyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Takashi Ishiyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yohei Seki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kentaro Sakai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Takaya Togo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kounosuke Oisaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Motomu Kanai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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10
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Abstract
Click chemistry has been established rapidly as one of the most valuable methods for the chemical transformation of complex molecules. Due to the rapid rates, clean conversions to the products, and compatibility of the reagents and reaction conditions even in complex settings, it has found applications in many molecule-oriented disciplines. From the vast landscape of click reactions, approaches have emerged in the past decade centered around oxidative processes to generate in situ highly reactive synthons from dormant functionalities. These approaches have led to some of the fastest click reactions know to date. Here, we review the various methods that can be used for such oxidation-induced "one-pot" click chemistry for the transformation of small molecules, materials, and biomolecules. A comprehensive overview is provided of oxidation conditions that induce a click reaction, and oxidation conditions are orthogonal to other click reactions so that sequential "click-oxidation-click" derivatization of molecules can be performed in one pot. Our review of the relevant literature shows that this strategy is emerging as a powerful approach for the preparation of high-performance materials and the generation of complex biomolecules. As such, we expect that oxidation-induced "one-pot" click chemistry will widen in scope substantially in the forthcoming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bauke Albada
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, 6807 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jordi F Keijzer
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, 6807 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Han Zuilhof
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, 6807 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.,Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Floris van Delft
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, 6807 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Synaffix BV, Industrielaan 63, 5349 AE, Oss, The Netherlands
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11
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Wang Z, Matsumoto A, Maruoka K. Efficient cleavage of tertiary amide bonds via radical-polar crossover using a copper(ii) bromide/Selectfluor hybrid system. Chem Sci 2020; 11:12323-12328. [PMID: 34094440 PMCID: PMC8163011 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc05137c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel approach for the efficient cleavage of the amide bonds in tertiary amides is reported. Based on the selective radical abstraction of a benzylic hydrogen atom by a CuBr2/Selectfluor hybrid system followed by a selective cleavage of an N-C bond, an acyl fluoride intermediate is formed. This intermediate may then be derivatized in a one-pot fashion. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions and exhibits a broad substrate scope with respect to the tertiary amide moiety as well as to nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon nucleophiles for the subsequent derivatization. Mechanistic studies suggest that the present reaction proceeds via a radical-polar crossover process that involves benzylic carbon radicals generated by the selective radical abstraction of a benzylic hydrogen atom by the CuBr2/Selectfluor hybrid system. Furthermore, a synthetic application of this method for the selective cleavage of peptides is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University Sakyo Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Akira Matsumoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University Sakyo Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Keiji Maruoka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University Sakyo Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 China
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12
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Hu JJ, He PY, Li YM. Chemical modifications of tryptophan residues in peptides and proteins. J Pept Sci 2020; 27:e3286. [PMID: 32945039 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Chemical protein modifications facilitate the investigation of natural posttranslational protein modifications and allow the design of proteins with new functions. Proteins can be modified at a late stage on amino acid side chains by chemical methods. The indole moiety of tryptophan residues is an emerging target of such chemical modification strategies because of its unique reactivity and low abundance. This review provides an overview of the recently developed methods of tryptophan modification at the peptide and protein levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Jian Hu
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Pei-Yang He
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yan-Mei Li
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.,Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100069, China
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13
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Yuan JW, Chen Q, Li C, Zhu JL, Yang LR, Zhang SR, Mao P, Xiao YM, Qu LB. Silver-catalyzed direct C-H oxidative carbamoylation of quinolines with oxamic acids. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:2747-2757. [PMID: 32227021 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00358a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A silver-catalyzed efficient and direct C-H carbamoylation of quinolines with oxamic acids to access carbamoylated quinolines has been developed through oxidative decarboxylation reaction. The reaction proceeds smoothly over a broad range of substrates with excellent functional group tolerance and excellent yields under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Wei Yuan
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology; Academician Workstation for Natural Medicinal Chemistry of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Qian Chen
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology; Academician Workstation for Natural Medicinal Chemistry of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Chuang Li
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology; Academician Workstation for Natural Medicinal Chemistry of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Jun-Liang Zhu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology; Academician Workstation for Natural Medicinal Chemistry of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Liang-Ru Yang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology; Academician Workstation for Natural Medicinal Chemistry of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Shou-Ren Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Nanocomposites and Applications; Institute of Nanostructured Functional Materials, Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou 450006, China
| | - Pu Mao
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology; Academician Workstation for Natural Medicinal Chemistry of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Yong-Mei Xiao
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology; Academician Workstation for Natural Medicinal Chemistry of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Ling-Bo Qu
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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14
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Yuan JW, Zhu JL, Zhu HL, Peng F, Yang LY, Mao P, Zhang SR, Li YC, Qu LB. Transition-metal free direct C–H functionalization of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones with oxamic acids leading to 3-carbamoyl quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo01322a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A practical transition-metal free decarboxylative coupling reaction of oxamic acids with quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones has been developed under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Wei Yuan
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Henan University of Technology
- Academician Workstation for Natural Medicinal Chemistry of Henan Province
- Zhengzhou 450001
- China
| | - Jun-Liang Zhu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Henan University of Technology
- Academician Workstation for Natural Medicinal Chemistry of Henan Province
- Zhengzhou 450001
- China
| | - Hu-Lin Zhu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Henan University of Technology
- Academician Workstation for Natural Medicinal Chemistry of Henan Province
- Zhengzhou 450001
- China
| | - Fang Peng
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Henan University of Technology
- Academician Workstation for Natural Medicinal Chemistry of Henan Province
- Zhengzhou 450001
- China
| | - Liang-Yu Yang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Henan University of Technology
- Academician Workstation for Natural Medicinal Chemistry of Henan Province
- Zhengzhou 450001
- China
| | - Pu Mao
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Henan University of Technology
- Academician Workstation for Natural Medicinal Chemistry of Henan Province
- Zhengzhou 450001
- China
| | - Shou-Ren Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Nanocomposites and Applications
- Institute of Nanostructured Functional Materials
- Huanghe Science and Technology College
- Zhengzhou 450006
- China
| | - Yan-Chun Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Nanocomposites and Applications
- Institute of Nanostructured Functional Materials
- Huanghe Science and Technology College
- Zhengzhou 450006
- China
| | - Ling-Bo Qu
- College of Chemistry
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- China
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15
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Liu Z, Wang P, Ou H, Yan Z, Chen S, Tan X, Yu D, Zhao X, Mu T. Preparation of cyclic imides from alkene-tethered amides: application of homogeneous Cu( ii) catalytic systems. RSC Adv 2020; 10:7698-7707. [PMID: 35492186 PMCID: PMC9049870 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra10422d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
A Cu-based homogeneous catalytic system was proposed for the preparation of imides from alkene-tethered amides. Here, O2 acted as a terminal oxidant and a cheap and easily available oxygen source. The cleavage of C
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C bonds and the formation of C–N bonds were catalyzed by Cu(ii) salts with proper nitrogen-containing ligands under 100 °C. The synthesis approach has potential applications in pharmaceutical syntheses. Moreover, scaled-up experiments confirmed the practical applicability. A catalytic system comprising Cu(ii) and a nitrogen-based ligand for the oxygenation and cyclization of alkene-tethered amides.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghui Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering
- Taizhou University
- Taizhou 318000
- China
| | - Peng Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Hualin Ou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Zhenzhong Yan
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering
- Taizhou University
- Taizhou 318000
- China
| | - Suqing Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering
- Taizhou University
- Taizhou 318000
- China
| | - Xingxing Tan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Dongkun Yu
- Department of Chemistry
- Renmin University of China
- Beijing 100872
- China
| | - Xinhui Zhao
- Department of Chemistry
- Renmin University of China
- Beijing 100872
- China
| | - Tiancheng Mu
- Department of Chemistry
- Renmin University of China
- Beijing 100872
- China
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16
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Koehler CJ, Thiede B. Predominant cleavage of proteins N-terminal to serines and threonines using scandium(III) triflate. J Biol Inorg Chem 2019; 25:61-66. [PMID: 31667593 PMCID: PMC7064626 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-019-01733-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Proteolytic digestion prior to LC–MS analysis is a key step for the identification of proteins. Digestion of proteins is typically performed with trypsin, but certain proteins or important protein sequence regions might be missed using this endoproteinase. Only few alternative endoproteinases are available and chemical cleavage of proteins is rarely used. Recently, it has been reported that some metal complexes can act as artificial proteases. In particular, the Lewis acid scandium(III) triflate has been shown to catalyze the cleavage of peptide bonds to serine and threonine residues. Therefore, we investigated if this compound can also be used for the cleavage of proteins. For this purpose, several single proteins, the 20S immune-proteasome (17 proteins), and the Universal Proteomics Standard UPS1 (48 proteins) were analyzed by MALDI–MS and/or LC–MS. A high cleavage specificity N-terminal to serine and threonine residues was observed, but also additional peptides with deviating cleavage specificity were found. Scandium(III) triflate can be a useful tool in protein analysis as no other reagent has been reported yet which showed cleavage specificity within proteins to serines and threonines. Graphic abstract ![]()
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00775-019-01733-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian J Koehler
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066, Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bernd Thiede
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066, Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway.
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17
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Li J, Wei J, Zhu B, Wang T, Jiao N. Cu-catalyzed oxygenation of alkene-tethered amides with O 2 via unactivated C[double bond, length as m-dash]C bond cleavage: a direct approach to cyclic imides. Chem Sci 2019; 10:9099-9103. [PMID: 31827752 PMCID: PMC6889834 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc03175h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient aerobic unactivated C
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C bond cleavage process was achieved, in which the succinimide or glutarimide derivatives could be prepared directly from alkenyl amides.
The transformations of unactivated alkenes through C
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C bond double cleavage are always attractive but very challenging. We report herein a chemoselective approach to valuable cyclic imides by a novel Cu-catalyzed geminal amino-oxygenation of unactivated C
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C bonds. O2 was successfully employed as the oxidant as well as the O-source and was incorporated into alkenyl amides via C
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C bond cleavage for the efficient preparation of succinimide or glutarimide derivatives. Moreover, the present strategy under simple conditions can be used in the late-stage modification of biologically active compounds and the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, which demonstrated the potential application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , Xue Yuan Road 38 , Beijing 100191 , China .
| | - Jialiang Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , Xue Yuan Road 38 , Beijing 100191 , China .
| | - Bencong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , Xue Yuan Road 38 , Beijing 100191 , China .
| | - Teng Wang
- School of Chemistry , Beihang University , Xue Yuan Road 37 , Beijing , 100191 , China
| | - Ning Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , Xue Yuan Road 38 , Beijing 100191 , China . .,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200032 , China
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18
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Wang Y, Zou J, Wang H, Peng X, Lu Y, Feng Y, Chen C, Shi T, Wang Z. A Facile Approach to α‐Keto Esters via Oxidative Esterification of α‐Amino Carbonyl Compounds. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201900320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong‐qiang Wang
- School of PharmacyLanzhou University West Donggang Road. No. 199 Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Jiao‐xia Zou
- School of PharmacyLanzhou University West Donggang Road. No. 199 Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Hui‐hong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Xue Peng
- School of PharmacyLanzhou University West Donggang Road. No. 199 Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Ying‐mei Lu
- School of PharmacyLanzhou University West Donggang Road. No. 199 Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Yi‐yue Feng
- School of PharmacyLanzhou University West Donggang Road. No. 199 Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Chen Chen
- School of PharmacyLanzhou University West Donggang Road. No. 199 Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Tao Shi
- School of PharmacyLanzhou University West Donggang Road. No. 199 Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Zhen Wang
- School of PharmacyLanzhou University West Donggang Road. No. 199 Lanzhou 730000 China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
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19
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Sohma Y, Kanai M. Development of Artificial Catalysts that Selectively Photooxygenate Pathogenic Amyloid. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2019. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.77.246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Youhei Sohma
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo
| | - Motomu Kanai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo
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20
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Zou JX, Jiang Y, Lei S, Yin GF, Hu XL, Zhao QY, Wang Z. Synthesis of α-arylthioacetones using TEMPO as the C 3 synthon via a reaction cascade of sequential oxidation, skeletal rearrangement and C-S bond formation. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:2341-2345. [PMID: 30758028 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00018f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Here, we present an unprecedented pathway to α-sulfenylated carbonyl compounds from commercially available thiols and universally employed TEMPO and its analogues, which act as C3 synthons through skeletal rearrangement under simple and metal-free conditions. Mechanism studies suggest that this reaction involves a consecutive radical oxidation and cation coupling process. TEMPO analogues and thiols serve as oxidants and reductive reagents, respectively, along the radical process, while in the coupling process, the former ones afford C3 synthons to couple with related sulfur sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao-Xia Zou
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, West Donggang Road. No. 199, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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21
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Jatoi AH, Pawar GG, Robert F, Landais Y. Visible-light mediated carbamoyl radical addition to heteroarenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:466-469. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc08326f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Decarboxylative carbamoylation of heteroarenes using oxamic acids under visible-light irradiation is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashique Hussain Jatoi
- University of Bordeaux
- Institute of Molecular Sciences (ISM)
- UMR-CNRS 5255
- 33405 Talence Cedex
- France
| | - Govind Goroba Pawar
- University of Bordeaux
- Institute of Molecular Sciences (ISM)
- UMR-CNRS 5255
- 33405 Talence Cedex
- France
| | - Frédéric Robert
- University of Bordeaux
- Institute of Molecular Sciences (ISM)
- UMR-CNRS 5255
- 33405 Talence Cedex
- France
| | - Yannick Landais
- University of Bordeaux
- Institute of Molecular Sciences (ISM)
- UMR-CNRS 5255
- 33405 Talence Cedex
- France
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22
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Mahesh S, Tang KC, Raj M. Amide Bond Activation of Biological Molecules. Molecules 2018; 23:E2615. [PMID: 30322008 PMCID: PMC6222841 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Amide bonds are the most prevalent structures found in organic molecules and various biomolecules such as peptides, proteins, DNA, and RNA. The unique feature of amide bonds is their ability to form resonating structures, thus, they are highly stable and adopt particular three-dimensional structures, which, in turn, are responsible for their functions. The main focus of this review article is to report the methodologies for the activation of the unactivated amide bonds present in biomolecules, which includes the enzymatic approach, metal complexes, and non-metal based methods. This article also discusses some of the applications of amide bond activation approaches in the sequencing of proteins and the synthesis of peptide acids, esters, amides, and thioesters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sriram Mahesh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
| | - Kuei-Chien Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
| | - Monika Raj
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
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23
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Oisaki K. Development of Highly Chemoselective Oxidative Transformations by Designing Organoradicals. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2018; 66:907-919. [PMID: 30270237 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c18-00501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
To conduct organic synthesis in the field of pharmaceutical science, methodologies that can easily and quickly supply compounds with high drug-likeness are highly desirable. Based on the original catalyst design concept "Radical-Conjugated Redox Catalysis (RCRC)" established during my research, various C(sp3)-H functionalizations and protein modifications have been developed, taking advantage of the high reactivity and chemoselectivity of the single-electron transfer process. This review focuses on the eight-year research efforts by my collaborators and me, from conception to results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kounosuke Oisaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo
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24
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Toyao T, Nurnobi Rashed M, Morita Y, Kamachi T, Hakim Siddiki SMA, Ali MA, Touchy AS, Kon K, Maeno Z, Yoshizawa K, Shimizu K. Esterification of Tertiary Amides by Alcohols Through C−N Bond Cleavage over CeO
2. ChemCatChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201801098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Toyao
- Institute for Catalysis and IRCCSHokkaido University N-21, W-10, Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysis and BatteriesKyoto University Kyoto 615-8520 Japan
| | - Md. Nurnobi Rashed
- Institute for Catalysis and IRCCSHokkaido University N-21, W-10, Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
| | - Yoshitsugu Morita
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering and IRCCSKyushu University Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry Faculty of Science and EngineeringChuo University 1-13-27 Kasuga Bunkyo-ku Japan
| | - Takashi Kamachi
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysis and BatteriesKyoto University Kyoto 615-8520 Japan
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering and IRCCSKyushu University Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
- Department of Life, Environment and Materials ScienceFukuoka Institute of Technology (FIT) 3-30-1 Wajiro-Higashi, Higashi-ku Fukuoka 811-0295 Japan
| | | | - Md. A. Ali
- Institute for Catalysis and IRCCSHokkaido University N-21, W-10, Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
| | - A. S. Touchy
- Institute for Catalysis and IRCCSHokkaido University N-21, W-10, Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
| | - Kenichi Kon
- Institute for Catalysis and IRCCSHokkaido University N-21, W-10, Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
| | - Zen Maeno
- Institute for Catalysis and IRCCSHokkaido University N-21, W-10, Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
| | - Kazunari Yoshizawa
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysis and BatteriesKyoto University Kyoto 615-8520 Japan
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering and IRCCSKyushu University Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Ken‐ichi Shimizu
- Institute for Catalysis and IRCCSHokkaido University N-21, W-10, Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysis and BatteriesKyoto University Kyoto 615-8520 Japan
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25
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Jing J, Bankefors J, Bonneaud C, Sawen E, Gerfaud T, Westin J, El-Bazbouz G, Kandelin L, Rousseau A, Olsson J, Karlsson A, Nord L, Bouix-Peter C, Helander Kenne A, Boiteau JG, Tomas L, Hennequin L, Harris CS. Rapid and Selective Cleavage of Amide Groups at Neutral pH: Applications from Hyaluronic Acid to Small Molecules. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jing
- Research Chemistry; Nestlé Skin Health; 06902 Sophia-Antipolis France
| | - Johan Bankefors
- Research Chemistry; Nestlé Skin Health; Seminariegatan 21 752 28 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Céline Bonneaud
- Research Chemistry; Nestlé Skin Health; 06902 Sophia-Antipolis France
| | - Elin Sawen
- Research Chemistry; Nestlé Skin Health; Seminariegatan 21 752 28 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Thibaud Gerfaud
- Research Chemistry; Nestlé Skin Health; 06902 Sophia-Antipolis France
| | - Jonatan Westin
- Research Chemistry; Nestlé Skin Health; Seminariegatan 21 752 28 Uppsala Sweden
| | | | - Lina Kandelin
- Research Chemistry; Nestlé Skin Health; Seminariegatan 21 752 28 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Antoine Rousseau
- Research Chemistry; Nestlé Skin Health; 06902 Sophia-Antipolis France
| | - Johan Olsson
- Research Chemistry; Nestlé Skin Health; Seminariegatan 21 752 28 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Anders Karlsson
- Research Chemistry; Nestlé Skin Health; Seminariegatan 21 752 28 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Lars Nord
- Research Chemistry; Nestlé Skin Health; Seminariegatan 21 752 28 Uppsala Sweden
| | | | - Anne Helander Kenne
- Research Chemistry; Nestlé Skin Health; Seminariegatan 21 752 28 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Jean-Guy Boiteau
- Research Chemistry; Nestlé Skin Health; 06902 Sophia-Antipolis France
| | - Loic Tomas
- Research Chemistry; Nestlé Skin Health; 06902 Sophia-Antipolis France
| | - Laurent Hennequin
- Research Chemistry; Nestlé Skin Health; 06902 Sophia-Antipolis France
| | - Craig S. Harris
- Research Chemistry; Nestlé Skin Health; 06902 Sophia-Antipolis France
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26
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Combined theoretical and experimental study on alcoholysis of amides on CeO2 surface: A catalytic interplay between Lewis acid and base sites. Catal Today 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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27
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Ni J, Sohma Y, Kanai M. Scandium(iii) triflate-promoted serine/threonine-selective peptide bond cleavage. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 53:3311-3314. [PMID: 28144647 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc10300f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The site-selective cleavage of peptide bonds is an important chemical modification that is useful not only for the structural determination of peptides, but also as an artificial modulator of peptide/protein function and properties. Here we report site-selective hydrolysis of peptide bonds at the Ser and Thr positions with a high conversion yield. This chemical cleavage relies on Sc(iii)-promoted N,O-acyl rearrangement and subsequent hydrolysis. The method is applicable to a broad scope of polypeptides with various functional groups, including a post-translationally modified peptide that is unsuitable for enzymatic hydrolysis. The system was further extended to site-selective cleavage of a native protein, Aβ1-42, which is closely related to the onset of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jizhi Ni
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan. and Japan Science Technology Agency (JST), ERATO Kanai Life Science Catalysis Project, 7-3-1 Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Youhei Sohma
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan. and Japan Science Technology Agency (JST), ERATO Kanai Life Science Catalysis Project, 7-3-1 Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Motomu Kanai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan. and Japan Science Technology Agency (JST), ERATO Kanai Life Science Catalysis Project, 7-3-1 Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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28
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Heretsch P. Form Follows Function: Designer Chemistry at the 52nd Bürgenstock Conference. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:8933-8936. [PMID: 28675614 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201705476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The 52nd Bürgenstock Conference on Stereochemistry took place from April 30-May 4, 2017, and showed how chemistry and design go hand-in-hand (as reflected in the image of the Bauhausarchiv in Berlin). In this Conference Report, Philipp Heretsch outlines the program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Heretsch
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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29
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Heretsch P. Die Form folgt der Funktion: Designer-Chemie auf der 52. Bürgenstock-Konferenz. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201705476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Heretsch
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie; Freie Universität Berlin; Takustraße 3 14195 Berlin Deutschland
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30
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Wdowik T, Chemler SR. Direct Synthesis of 2-Formylpyrrolidines, 2-Pyrrolidinones and 2-Dihydrofuranones via Aerobic Copper-Catalyzed Aminooxygenation and Dioxygenation of 4-Pentenylsulfonamides and 4-Pentenylalcohols. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:9515-9518. [PMID: 28678493 PMCID: PMC5782800 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b05680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A new method for the direct conversion of 4-pentenylsulfonamides to 2-formylpyrrolidines and a 2-ketopyrrolidine has been developed. This transformation occurs via aerobic copper-catalyzed alkene aminooxygenation where molecular oxygen serves as both oxidant and oxygen source. The 2-formylpyrrolidines can further undergo oxidative carbon-carbon bond cleavage in situ upon addition of DABCO, providing 2-pyrrolidinones. These transformations have been demonstrated for a range of 4-pentenylsulfonamides. 4-Pentenylalcohols also undergo oxidative cyclization to form γ-lactones predominantly. The reaction is chemoselective, oxidizing one alkene in the presence of others, and is compatible with several functional groups. Application of these reactions to the formal syntheses of baclofen and (+)-monomorine was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Wdowik
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Sherry R. Chemler
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
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31
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Kadoh Y, Oisaki K, Kanai M. Enhanced Structural Variety of Nonplanar N-Oxyl Radical Catalysts and Their Application to the Aerobic Oxidation of Benzylic C-H Bonds. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2017; 64:737-53. [PMID: 27373629 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c16-00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The design and synthesis of structurally variable, nonplanar N-oxyl radical catalysts and their application to the aerobic oxidation, etherification, and acetoamidation of benzylic C-H bonds are described. The catalytic oxidation of C-H bonds represents a powerful tool to synthesize oxygenated functional molecules from simple hydrocarbons in a straightforward way. Electron-deficient N-oxyl radical catalysts, such as phthalimidoyl N-oxyl (PINO) radical, generated from N-hydroxyphthalimide (1), have attracted much attention because of their applications in the oxidation of C-H bonds with high bond dissociation energy (BDE). However, a few sites in 1 are available for structural modifications and improvements of the catalytic performance. By replacing one carbonyl group in 1 with a trifluoromethyl (CF3)-substituted sp(3)-carbon, we generated an additional tunable site and a nonplanar backbone, while retaining the desirable electron-withdrawing properties and increasing the lipophilicity with respect to 1. We synthesized a variety of N-hydroxy precatalysts containing such a CF3 moiety, and investigated their utility in the aerobic oxidation of benzylic C-H bonds. Precatalysts with electron-withdrawing substituents, such as trifluoroethoxy and the acetophenone moieties, afforded higher yields than a corresponding methoxy-substituted analogue. The introduction of substituents at the aromatic ring was also effective, as evident from the performance of 7-CF3 and 4,5,6,7-tetrafluoro precatalysts. Especially the combination of trifluoroethoxy- and 4,5,6,7-tetrafluoro substitution afforded a superior performance. These catalyst systems exhibited high functional group tolerance during the aerobic oxidation of C-H bonds, and benzylic etherification and Ritter-type reactions could be carried out at room temperature when a selected precatalyst and N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) were used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Kadoh
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo
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32
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Montenegro J, Phipps RJ. Highlights from the 52nd EUCHEM conference on stereochemistry, Bürgenstock, Switzerland, May 2017. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:9960-9966. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc90258a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The strong wind that was blowing in Brunnen on the 4th of May 2017 was prophetic of the storm of ideas and creativity that would later fall over the participants of the 52nd edition of the Bürgenstock conference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Montenegro
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela
- 15782 Santiago de Compostela
- Spain
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33
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Seki Y, Ishiyama T, Sasaki D, Abe J, Sohma Y, Oisaki K, Kanai M. Transition Metal-Free Tryptophan-Selective Bioconjugation of Proteins. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:10798-801. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b06692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Seki
- Graduate
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo,
Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Takashi Ishiyama
- Graduate
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo,
Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sasaki
- Graduate
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo,
Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- ERATO,
Kanai Life Science Catalysis Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Junpei Abe
- Graduate
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo,
Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Youhei Sohma
- Graduate
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo,
Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- ERATO,
Kanai Life Science Catalysis Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kounosuke Oisaki
- Graduate
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo,
Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Motomu Kanai
- Graduate
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo,
Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- ERATO,
Kanai Life Science Catalysis Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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Yamada K, Karuo Y, Tsukada Y, Kunishima M. Mild Amide-Cleavage Reaction Mediated by Electrophilic Benzylation. Chemistry 2016; 22:14042-14047. [PMID: 27529837 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
An extremely mild method for amide-cleavage by using the triazine-based benzylating reagent 4-(4,6-diphenoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-4-benzylmorpholinium trifluoromethanesulfonate (DPT-BM), which spontaneously releases benzyl cation species when being dissolved at room temperature, has been developed. O-Benzylation of the amide with DPT-BM and the subsequent hydrolysis of the resulting intermediate benzyl imidate salt afford the corresponding amine and benzyl ester, which can be converted by hydrogenolysis into a carboxylic acid under neutral conditions. O-Benzylation proceeds depending on both steric and electronic factors around the amide group. Thus, some amides have been selectively cleaved over other amides. Furthermore, intramolecular chemoselective cleavage of an amide group in the presence of an ester group was achieved. Such selective hydrolytic reactions cannot be performed with Meerwein reagents as well as under acidic or basic hydrolytic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Yamada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical, and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Yukiko Karuo
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical, and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Yuichi Tsukada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical, and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Munetaka Kunishima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical, and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan.
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Liutkus M, Fraser SA, Caron K, Stigers DJ, Easton CJ. Peptide Synthesis through Cell-Free Expression of Fusion Proteins Incorporating Modified Amino Acids as Latent Cleavage Sites for Peptide Release. Chembiochem 2016; 17:908-12. [PMID: 26918308 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201600091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Chlorinated analogues of Leu and Ile are incorporated during cell-free expression of peptides fused to protein, by exploiting the promiscuity of the natural biosynthetic machinery. They then act as sites for clean and efficient release of the peptides simply by brief heat treatment. Dehydro analogues of Leu and Ile are similarly incorporated as latent sites for peptide release through treatment with iodine under cold conditions. These protocols complement enzyme-catalyzed methods and have been used to prepare calcitonin, gastrin-releasing peptide, cholecystokinin-7, and prolactin-releasing peptide prohormones, as well as analogues substituted with unusual amino acids, thus illustrating their practical utility as alternatives to more traditional chemical peptide synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mantas Liutkus
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Samuel A Fraser
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Karine Caron
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Dannon J Stigers
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Christopher J Easton
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.
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Kadoh Y, Tashiro M, Oisaki K, Kanai M. Organocatalytic Aerobic Oxidation of α-Fluoroalkyl Alcohols to Fluoroalkyl Ketones at Room Temperature. Adv Synth Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201500131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Molecular recognition in protein modification with rhodium metallopeptides. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2015; 25:98-102. [PMID: 25588960 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2014.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Chemical manipulation of natural, unengineered proteins is a daunting challenge which tests the limits of reaction design. By combining transition-metal or other catalysts with molecular recognition ideas, it is possible to achieve site-selective protein reactivity without the need for engineered recognition sequences or reactive sites. Some recent examples in this area have used ruthenium photocatalysis, pyridine organocatalysis, and rhodium(II) metallocarbene catalysis, indicating that the fundamental ideas provide opportunities for using diverse reactivity on complex protein substrates and in complex cell-like environments.
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Abstract
Site-selective peptide/protein degradation through chemical cleavage methods is an important modification of biologically relevant macromolecules which complements enzymatic hydrolysis. In this review, recent progress in chemical, site-selective peptide bond cleavage is overviewed, with an emphasis on postulated mechanisms and their implications on reactivity, selectivity, and substrate scope.
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