1
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Bhunia M, Sandoval-Pauker C, Fehn D, Grant LN, Senthil S, Gau MR, Ozarowski A, Krzystek J, Telser J, Pinter B, Meyer K, Mindiola DJ. Divalent Titanium via Reductive N-C Coupling of a Ti IV Nitrido with π-Acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202404601. [PMID: 38619509 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202404601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The nitrido-ate complex [(PN)2Ti(N){μ2-K(OEt2)}]2 (1) (PN-=(N-(2-PiPr2-4-methylphenyl)-2,4,6-Me3C6H2) reductively couples CO and isocyanides in the presence of DME or cryptand (Kryptofix222), to form rare, five-coordinate TiII complexes having a linear cumulene motif, [K(L)][(PN)2Ti(NCE)] (E=O, L=Kryptofix222, (2); E=NAd, L=3 DME, (3); E=NtBu, L=3 DME, (4); E=NAd, L=Kryptofix222, (5)). Oxidation of 2-5 with [Fc][OTf] afforded an isostructural TiIII center containing a neutral cumulene, [(PN)2Ti(NCE)] (E=O, (6); E=NAd (7), NtBu (8)) and characterization by CW X-band EPR spectroscopy, revealed unpaired electron to be metal centric. Moreover, 1e- reduction of 6 and 7 in the presence of Kryptofix222cleanly reformed corresponding discrete TiII complexes 2 and 5, which were further characterized by solution magnetization measurements and high-frequency and -field EPR (HFEPR) spectroscopy. Furthermore, oxidation of 7 with [Fc*][B(C6F5)4] resulted in a ligand disproportionated TiIV complex having transoid carbodiimides, [(PN)2Ti(NCNAd)2] (9). Comparison of spectroscopic, structural, and computational data for the divalent, trivalent, and tetravalent systems, including their 15N enriched isotopomers demonstrate these cumulenes to decrease in order of backbonding as TiII→TiIII→TiIV and increasing order of π-donation as TiII→TiIII→TiIV, thus displaying more covalency in TiIII species. Lastly, we show a synthetic cycle whereby complex 1 can deliver an N-atom to CO and CNAd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrinal Bhunia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - Dominik Fehn
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander- Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lauren N Grant
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Shuruthi Senthil
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael R Gau
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Andrew Ozarowski
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, 32310, USA
| | - J Krzystek
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, 32310, USA
| | - Joshua Telser
- Department of Biological, Physical and Health Sciences, Roosevelt University, Chicago, Illinois, 60605, USA
| | - Balazs Pinter
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander- Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Daniel J Mindiola
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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2
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Benaissa I, Rialland B, Bennaamane S, Espada MF, Saffon-Merceron N, Fustier-Boutignon M, Clot E, Mézailles N. N 2 Functionalization via Molybdenum-Nitride Complex: Stepwise BH Bond Additions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202402586. [PMID: 38683630 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202402586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Reactivity of (triphosphine)MoIV-nitrido complex generated by N2 splitting, toward boranes is reported. The simple adduct Mo≡N→BH3 is observed with BH3.SMe2 while 1,2 addition is evidenced with 9-BBN leading to H-Mo=NBR2. A second addition of BH3.SMe2 is facile and forms an unprecedented complex featuring two bridging H between two B and the Mo centers. Addition of PMe3 or BH3.SMe2 promotes reductive elimination and N-H bond formation. The full sequence of functionalization at Mo≡N obtained after N2 splitting is therefore evidenced in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idir Benaissa
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie, Fondamentale et Appliquée, Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France
- Present address: Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation-UM6P, Hay Moulay Rachid, BP43150, Benguerir, Morocco
| | - Barbara Rialland
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie, Fondamentale et Appliquée, Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France
- Present address: Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation-UM6P, Hay Moulay Rachid, BP43150, Benguerir, Morocco
| | - Soukaina Bennaamane
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie, Fondamentale et Appliquée, Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France
- Present address: Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation-UM6P, Hay Moulay Rachid, BP43150, Benguerir, Morocco
| | - Maria F Espada
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie, Fondamentale et Appliquée, Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France
- Present address: Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation-UM6P, Hay Moulay Rachid, BP43150, Benguerir, Morocco
| | - Nathalie Saffon-Merceron
- Institut de Chimie de Toulouse ICT-UAR2599, Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS, 31062, Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - Marie Fustier-Boutignon
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie, Fondamentale et Appliquée, Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France
- Present address: Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation-UM6P, Hay Moulay Rachid, BP43150, Benguerir, Morocco
| | - Eric Clot
- ICGM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34000, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Mézailles
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie, Fondamentale et Appliquée, Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France
- Present address: Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation-UM6P, Hay Moulay Rachid, BP43150, Benguerir, Morocco
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3
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Duletski OL, Platz D, Pollock CJ, Mosquera MA, Arulsamy N, Mock MT. Dinitrogen activation at chromium by photochemically induced Cr II-C bond homolysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:7029-7032. [PMID: 38894651 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02387k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The synthesis of the organochromium(II) complexes [POCOPtBu]Cr(R) (R = p-Tol, Bn) is reported. Exposure of [POCOPtBu]Cr(Bn) to visible light promoted homolytic Cr-CBn bond cleavage and formed {[POCOPtBu]Cr}2(η1:η1μ-N2) via a putative [POCOPtBu]Cr(I) species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia L Duletski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA.
| | - Duncan Platz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA.
| | - Charlie J Pollock
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA.
| | - Martín A Mosquera
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA.
| | | | - Michael T Mock
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA.
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4
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Thangudu S, Wu CH, Hwang KC. Photocatalytic Dinitrogen Reduction to Ammonia over Biomimetic FeMoS x Nanosheets. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:20629-20635. [PMID: 38737058 PMCID: PMC11080007 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c03076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Reduction of atmospheric dinitrogen (N2) to ammonia (NH3) using water and sunlight in the absence of sacrificial reducing reagents at room temperature is very challenging and is considered an eco-friendly approach to meet the rapidly increasing demand for nitrogen storage, fertilizers, and a sustainable society. Currently, ammonia production via the energy-intensive Haber-Bosch process causes ∼350 million tons of carbon dioxide (CO2) emission per year. Interestingly, natural N2 fixation by the nitrogenase enzyme occurs under ambient conditions. Unfortunately, N2 fixation on biomimetic catalysts has rarely been studied. To mimic biological nitrogen fixation, herein, we synthesized the novel iron molybdenum sulfide (FeMoSx) micro-/nanosheets via a simple hydrothermal approach for the first time. Further, we successfully demonstrated the photochemical conversion of N2 to NH3 over a biomimetic FeMoSx photocatalyst. The estimated yield is around 99.79 ± 6.0 μmol/h/g photocatalyst with a quantum efficiency of ∼0.028% at 532 nm visible-light wavelength. Besides, we also systematically studied the influence of key factors to further improve NH3 yields. Overall, this study paves a new pathway to fabricate carbon-free, photochemical N2 fixation materials for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Thangudu
- Department
of Chemistry, National Tsing
Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Chein Hou Wu
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Kuo Chu Hwang
- Department
of Chemistry, National Tsing
Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan R.O.C
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5
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Almquist CC, Rajeshkumar T, Jayaweera HDAC, Removski N, Zhou W, Gelfand BS, Maron L, Piers WE. Oxidation-induced ambiphilicity triggers N-N bond formation and dinitrogen release in octahedral terminal molybdenum(v) nitrido complexes. Chem Sci 2024; 15:5152-5162. [PMID: 38577349 PMCID: PMC10988598 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc00090k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Coupling of octahedral, terminal d1 molybdenum(v) nitrido complexes supported by a dianionic pentadentate ligand via N-N bond formation to give μ-dinitrogen complexes was found to be thermodynamically feasible but faces significant kinetic barriers. However, upon oxidation, a kinetically favored nucleophilic/electrophilic N-N bond forming mechanism was enabled to give monocationic μ-dinitrogen dimers. Computational and experimental evidence for this "oxidation-induced ambiphilic nitrido coupling" mechanism is presented. The factors influencing release of dinitrogen from the resulting μ-dinitrogen dimers were also probed and it was found that further oxidation to a dicationic species is required to induce (very rapid) loss of dinitrogen. The mechanistic path discovered for N-N bond formation and dinitrogen release follows an ECECC sequence (E = "electrochemical step"; C = "chemical step"). Experimental evidence for the intermediacy of a highly electrophilic, cationic d0 molybdenum(vi) nitrido in the N-N bond forming mechanism via trapping with an isonitrile reagent is also discussed. Together these results are relevant to the development of molecular catalysts capable of mediating ammonia oxidation to dihydrogen and dinitrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Christopher Almquist
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary 2500 University Drive NW Calgary Alberta T2N 1N4 Canada
| | | | - H D A Chathumal Jayaweera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary 2500 University Drive NW Calgary Alberta T2N 1N4 Canada
| | - Nicole Removski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary 2500 University Drive NW Calgary Alberta T2N 1N4 Canada
| | - Wen Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary 2500 University Drive NW Calgary Alberta T2N 1N4 Canada
| | - Benjamin S Gelfand
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary 2500 University Drive NW Calgary Alberta T2N 1N4 Canada
| | - Laurent Maron
- LPCNO, Université de Toulouse, INSA UPS Toulouse France
| | - Warren E Piers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary 2500 University Drive NW Calgary Alberta T2N 1N4 Canada
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6
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Wang GX, Shan C, Chen W, Wu B, Zhang P, Wei J, Xi Z, Ye S. Unusual Electronic Structures of an Electron Transfer Series of [Cr(μ-η 1 : η 1 -N 2 )Cr] 0/1+/2. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202315386. [PMID: 38299757 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
In dinitrogen (N2 ) fixation chemistry, bimetallic end-on bridging N2 complexes M(μ-η1 : η1 -N2 )M can split N2 into terminal nitrides and hence attract great attention. To date, only 4d and 5d transition complexes, but none of 3d counterparts, could realize such a transformation. Likewise, complexes {[Cp*Cr(dmpe)]2 (μ-N2 )}0/1+/2+ (1-3) are incapable to cleave N2 , in contrast to their Mo congeners. Remarkably, cross this series the N-N bond length of the N2 ligand and the N-N stretching frequency exhibit unprecedented nonmonotonic variations, and complexes 1 and 2 in both solid and solution states display rare thermally activated ligand-mediated two-center spin transitions, distinct from discrete dinuclear spin crossovers. In-depth analyses using wave function based ab initio calculations reveal that the Cr-N2 -Cr bonding in complexes 1-3 is distinguished by strong multireference character and cannot be described by solely one electron configuration or Lewis structure, and that all intriguing spectroscopic observations originate in their sophisticate multireference electronic structures. More critical is that such multireference bonding of complexes 1-3 is at least a key factor that contributes to their kinetic inertness toward N2 splitting. The mechanistic understanding is then used to rationalize the disparate reactivity of related 3d M(μ-η1 : η1 -N2 )M complexes compared to their 4d and 5d analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Xiang Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Chunxiao Shan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Wang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Botao Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Junnian Wei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zhenfeng Xi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Shengfa Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
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7
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Eberle L, Lindenthal S, Ballmann J. To Split or Not to Split: [AsCCAs]-Coordinated Mo, W, and Re Complexes and Their Reactivity toward Molecular Dinitrogen. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:3682-3691. [PMID: 38359784 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Molybdenum, tungsten, and rhenium halides bearing a 2,2'-(iPr2As)2-substituted diphenylacetylene ([AsCCAs], 1-As) were prepared and reduced under an atmosphere of dinitrogen in order to activate the latter substrate. In the case of molybdenum, a diiodo (2-As) and a triiodo molybdenum precursor (5) were equally suited for reductive N2 splitting, which led to the isolation of [AsCCAs]Mo≡N(I) (3-As) in each case. For tungsten, [AsCCAs]WCl3 (6) was reduced under N2 to afford {[AsCCAs]WCl2}2(N2) (7), which is best described as a dinuclear π8δ4-configured μ-(η1: η1)-N2-bridged dimer. Attempts to reductively cleave the N2 unit in 7 did not lead to the expected tungsten nitride (8), which had to be prepared independently via the treatment of 7 with sodium azide. To arrive at a π10δ4-configured N2-bridged dimer in a tetragonally distorted ligand environment, [AsCCAs]ReCl3 (9) was reduced in the presence of N2. As expected, a μ-(η1: η1)-N2-bridged dirhenium species, namely, {[AsCCAs]ReCl2}2(N2) (10), was formed, but found to very quickly decompose (presumably via loss of N2), not only under reduced pressure, but also upon irradiation or heating. Hence, an alternative synthetic route to the originally envisioned nitride, [AsCCAs]Re≡N(Cl)2 (11), was developed. While all the aforementioned nitrides (3-As, 8, and 11) were found to be fairly robust, significantly different stabilities were noticed for {[AsCCAs]MCl2}2(N2) (7 for M = W, 10 for M = Re), which is ascribed to the electronically different MN2M cores (π8δ4 for 7 vs π10δ4 for 10) in these μ-(η1: η1)-N2-bridged dimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Eberle
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 276, Heidelberg D-69120, Germany
| | - Sebastian Lindenthal
- Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, Heidelberg D-69120, Germany
| | - Joachim Ballmann
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 276, Heidelberg D-69120, Germany
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8
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Wang X, Wang Y, Wu Y, Wang GX, Wei J, Xi Z. Syntheses and Characterizations of Hetero-Bimetallic Chromium-Dinitrogen Transition-Metal Complexes. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:18641-18648. [PMID: 37905954 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
In the domain of N2 activation, hetero-bimetallic dinitrogen complexes are garnering substantial interest due to their potential to induce polarization in nonpolar N2 gas. Herein, we present the syntheses and characterizations of three novel hetero-multimetallic dinitrogen complexes: Cp*Cr(depe)N2V(depe)Me[O, P, O] 5, Cp*Cr(depe)N2V(depe)Tipp[O, P, O] 6, and [Cp*Cr(depe)N2]2TiTipp[O, P, O] 7. These complexes were synthesized via a transmetalation process involving the treatment of [Cr0-N2]- complex 4 with vanadium and titanium chloride complexes bearing alkyl or aryl substituted bis(o-hydroxyphenyl)-phenyl phosphine R[O, P, O] ligand (alkyl = methyl, aryl = 2,4,6-tri-isopropylbenzene). X-ray analysis shows that complexes 5 and 6 exhibit heterodinuclear structures, while complex 7 exhibits a heterotrinuclear core with two N2 ligands concurrently coordinated to two chromium and one titanium atoms. Raman spectroscopic data show that the N-N stretching vibration of the N2 moiety is clearly downshifted relative to free N2 and to mononuclear [Cr0-N2]- complex 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueli Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yixi Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Gao-Xiang Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Junnian Wei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhenfeng Xi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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9
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Bhardwaj A, Mondal B. μ 2 -η 1 :η 1 -N 2 Bridged Bimetallic Dinitrogen Complexes: Geometry of the First Excited State in Connection to N 2 π-Photoactivation. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301984. [PMID: 37578813 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Bimetallic end-on μ2 -η1 :η1 -N2 bridging dinitrogen complexes have served as the platform for photochemical N2 activation, mainly for the N-N cleavage. However, the alternate N-N π-photoactivation route has remained largely unexplored. This study strengthens the notion of weakening the N-N bond through the population of π* orbital upon electronic excitation from the ground to the first excited state using four prototypical complexes based on Fe (1), Mo (2), and Ru (3,4). The complexes 1-4 possess characteristic N-N π* based LUMO (π*-π*-π*) centered on their M-N-N-M core, which was earlier postulated to play a central role in the N2 photoactivation. Vertical electronic excitation of the highest oscillator strength involves transitions to the N-N π*-based acceptor orbital (π*-π*-π*) in complexes 1-4. This induces geometry relaxation of the first excited metal-to-nitrogen (π*) charge transfer (1 MNCT) state leading to a "zigzag" M-N-N-M core in the equilibrium structure. Obtaining the equilibrium geometry in the first excited state with the full-sized complexes widens the scope of N-N π-photoactivation with μ2 -η1 :η1 -N2 bridging dinitrogen complexes. Promisingly, the elongated N-N bond and bent ∠MNN angle in the photoexcited S1 state of 1-4 resemble their radical- and di-anion forms, which lead toward thermodynamically feasible N-N protonation in the S1 excited state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhil Bhardwaj
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal, Pradesh, 175075, India
| | - Bhaskar Mondal
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal, Pradesh, 175075, India
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10
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Le Dé Q, Bouammali A, Bijani C, Vendier L, Del Rosal I, Valyaev DA, Dinoi C, Simonneau A. An Experimental and Computational Investigation Rules Out Direct Nucleophilic Addition on the N 2 Ligand in Manganese Dinitrogen Complex [Cp(CO) 2 Mn(N 2 )]. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202305235. [PMID: 37379032 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202305235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
We have re-examined the reactivity of the manganese dinitrogen complex [Cp(CO)2 Mn(N2 )] (1, Cp=η5 -cyclopentadienyl, C5 H5 ) with phenylithium (PhLi). By combining experiment and density functional theory (DFT), we have found that, unlike previously reported, the direct nucleophilic attack of the carbanion onto coordinated dinitrogen does not occur. Instead, PhLi reacts with one of the CO ligands to provide an anionic acylcarbonyl dinitrogen metallate [Cp(CO)(N2 )MnCOPh]Li (3) that is stable only below -40 °C. Full characterization of 3 (including single crystal X-ray diffraction) was performed. This complex decomposes quickly above -20 °C with N2 loss to give a phenylate complex [Cp(CO)2 MnPh]Li (2). The latter compound was erroneously formulated as an anionic diazenido compound [Cp(CO)2 MnN(Ph)=N]Li in earlier reports, ruling out the claimed and so-far unique behavior of the N2 ligand in 1. DFT calculations were run to explore both the hypothesized and the experimentally verified reactivity of 1 with PhLi and are fully consistent with our results. Direct attack of a nucleophile on metal-coordinated N2 remains to be demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Le Dé
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, BP44099, 31077, Toulouse cedex 4, France
| | - Amal Bouammali
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, BP44099, 31077, Toulouse cedex 4, France
| | - Christian Bijani
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, BP44099, 31077, Toulouse cedex 4, France
| | - Laure Vendier
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, BP44099, 31077, Toulouse cedex 4, France
| | - Iker Del Rosal
- LPCNO, CNRS & INSA, Université Paul Sabatier, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077, Toulouse, France
| | - Dmitry A Valyaev
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, BP44099, 31077, Toulouse cedex 4, France
| | - Chiara Dinoi
- LPCNO, CNRS & INSA, Université Paul Sabatier, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077, Toulouse, France
| | - Antoine Simonneau
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, BP44099, 31077, Toulouse cedex 4, France
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11
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Du J, Balázs G, Seed JA, Cryer JD, Wooles AJ, Scheer M, Liddle ST. Actinide Pnictinidene Chemistry: A Terminal Thorium Parent-Arsinidene Complex Stabilised by a Super-Bulky Triamidoamine Ligand. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202211627. [PMID: 36254899 PMCID: PMC10099757 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202211627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We report the direct synthesis of the terminal pnictidenes [An(TrenTCHS )(PnH)][M(2,2,2-cryptand)] (TrenTCHS ={N(CH2 CH2 NSiCy3 )3 }3- ; An/Pn/M=Th/P/Na 5, Th/As/K 6, U/P/Na 7, U/As/K 8) and their conversion to the pnictides [An(TrenTCHS )(PnH2 )] (An/Pn=Th/P 9, Th/As 10, U/P 11, U/As 12). Use of the super-bulky TrenTCHS ligand was essential to accessing complete families, and 6 is an unprecedented example of a terminal thorium-arsinidene complex and only the second structurally authenticated parent terminal arsinidene complex of any metal. Comparison of the terminal Th=AsH unit of 6 to the bridging ThAs(H)K linkage in structurally analogous [Th(TrenTIPS ){μ-As(H)K(15-crown-5)}] (TrenTIPS ={N(CH2 CH2 NSiPri 3 )3 }3- ) reveals a stronger Th-As bond in the former compared to the latter, and a large response overall to the nature of the Th=AsH bonding upon removal of the electrostatically-bound K-ion; the σ-bond changes little but the π-bond is significantly perturbed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingzhen Du
- Department of ChemistryThe University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Gábor Balázs
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of RegensburgUniversitätsstr. 3193053RegensburgGermany
| | - John A. Seed
- Department of ChemistryThe University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Jonathan D. Cryer
- Department of ChemistryThe University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Ashley J. Wooles
- Department of ChemistryThe University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of RegensburgUniversitätsstr. 3193053RegensburgGermany
| | - Stephen T. Liddle
- Department of ChemistryThe University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
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12
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Bhunia M, Sandoval‐Pauker C, Jafari MG, Grant LN, Gau MR, Pinter B, Mindiola DJ. Terminal and Super‐Basic Parent Imides of Hafnium. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202209122. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202209122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mrinal Bhunia
- Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | | | | | - Lauren N. Grant
- Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Michael R. Gau
- Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Balazs Pinter
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Texas at El Paso El Paso TX 79968 USA
| | - Daniel J. Mindiola
- Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
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13
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Bhunia M, Sandoval-Pauker C, Jafari MG, Grant LN, Gau MR, Pinter B, Mindiola DJ. Terminal and Super‐Basic Parent Imides of Hafnium. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202209122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mrinal Bhunia
- University of Pennsylvania Department of Chemistry Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | | | | | - Lauren N. Grant
- University of Pennsylvania Department of Chemistry Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Michael R. Gau
- University of Pennsylvania Department of Chemistry Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Balazs Pinter
- The University of Texas at El Paso Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Daniel J. Mindiola
- University of Pennsylvania Department of Chemistry Chemistry 231 S. 34 Street 19104 Philadelphia UNITED STATES
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14
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Zhai DD, Zhang SQ, Xie SJ, Wu RK, Liu F, Xi ZF, Hong X, Shi ZJ. ( n-Bu) 4NBr-Promoted N 2 Splitting to Molybdenum Nitride. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:14071-14078. [PMID: 35882019 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c01507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Splitting of N2 via six-electron reduction and further functionalization to value-added products is one of the most important and challenging chemical transformations in N2 fixation. However, most N2 splitting approaches rely on strong chemical or electrochemical reduction to generate highly reactive metal species to bind and activate N2, which is often incompatible with functionalizing agents. Catalytic and sustainable N2 splitting to produce metal nitrides under mild conditions may create efficient and straightforward methods for N-containing organic compounds. Herein, we present that a readily available and nonredox (n-Bu)4NBr can promote N2-splitting with a Mo(III) platform. Both experimental and theoretical mechanistic studies suggest that simple X- (X = Br, Cl, etc.) anions could induce the disproportionation of MoIII[N(TMS)Ar]3 at the early stage of the catalysis to generate a catalytically active {MoII[N(TMS)Ar]3}- species. The quintet MoII species prove to be more favorable for N2 fixation kinetically and thermodynamically, compared with the quartet MoIII counterpart. Especially, computational studies reveal a distinct heterovalent {MoII-N2-MoIII} dimeric intermediate for the N≡N triple bond cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Zhai
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Shuo-Qing Zhang
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Si-Jun Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Rong-Kai Wu
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Zhen-Feng Xi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xin Hong
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.,Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Zhongguancun North First Street No. 2, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Zhang-Jie Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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15
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Su L, Yang D, Jiang Y, Li Y, Di K, Wang B, Ye S, Qu J. A Bioinspired Iron‐Molybdenum μ‐Nitrido Complex and Its Reactivity toward Ammonia Formation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202203121. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202203121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linan Su
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology 2 Linggong Road Dalian 116024 China
| | - Dawei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology 2 Linggong Road Dalian 116024 China
| | - Yang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116024 China
| | - Yahui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology 2 Linggong Road Dalian 116024 China
| | - Kai Di
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology 2 Linggong Road Dalian 116024 China
| | - Baomin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology 2 Linggong Road Dalian 116024 China
| | - Shengfa Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116024 China
| | - Jingping Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology 2 Linggong Road Dalian 116024 China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for Biomanufacturing Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 China
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16
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Su L, Yang D, Jiang Y, Li Y, Di K, Wang B, Ye S, Qu J. A Bioinspired Iron‐Molybdenum μ‐Nitrido Complex and Its Reactivity toward Ammonia Formation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202203121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linan Su
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology 2 Linggong Road Dalian 116024 China
| | - Dawei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology 2 Linggong Road Dalian 116024 China
| | - Yang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116024 China
| | - Yahui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology 2 Linggong Road Dalian 116024 China
| | - Kai Di
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology 2 Linggong Road Dalian 116024 China
| | - Baomin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology 2 Linggong Road Dalian 116024 China
| | - Shengfa Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116024 China
| | - Jingping Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology 2 Linggong Road Dalian 116024 China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for Biomanufacturing Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 China
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17
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Zhang G, Liu T, Song J, Quan Y, Jin L, Si M, Liao Q. N 2 Cleavage on d 4/d 4 Molybdenum Centers and Its Further Conversion into Iminophosphorane under Mild Conditions. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:2444-2449. [PMID: 35014788 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of N-containing organophosphine compounds using N2 as the nitrogen source under mild conditions has attracted much attention. Herein, the conversion of N2 into iminophosphorane was reported. By visible light irradiation, N2 was split on a MoII complex bearing a PNCNP ligand, directly forming the MoV nitride. After the N-P bond formation on the terminal nitride, the N atom from N2 was ultimately transferred into iminophosphorane. Key intermediates were characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Zhang
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, 116024 Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Tanggao Liu
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, 116024 Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Jinyi Song
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, 116024 Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yingyu Quan
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, 116024 Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Li Jin
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, 116024 Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Mengyue Si
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, 116024 Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Qian Liao
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, 116024 Dalian, Liaoning, China
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18
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Park SV, Corcos AR, Jambor AN, Yang T, Berry JF. Formation of the N≡N Triple Bond from Reductive Coupling of a Paramagnetic Diruthenium Nitrido Compound. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:3259-3268. [PMID: 35133829 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c13396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Construction of nitrogen-nitrogen triple bonds via homocoupling of metal nitrides is an important fundamental reaction relevant to a potential Nitrogen Economy. Here, we report that room temperature photolysis of Ru2(chp)4N3 (chp- = 2-chloro-6-hydroxypyridinate) in CH2Cl2 produces N2 via reductive coupling of Ru2(chp)4N nitrido species. Computational analysis reveals that the nitride coupling transition state (TS) features an out-of-plane "zigzag" geometry instead of the anticipated planar zigzag TS. However, with intentional exclusion of dispersion correction, the planar zigzag TS geometry can also be found. Both the out-of-plane and planar zigzag TS geometries feature two important types of orbital interactions: (1) donor-acceptor interactions involving intermolecular donation of a nitride lone pair into an empty Ru-N π* orbital and (2) Ru-N π to Ru-N π* interactions derived from coupling of nitridyl radicals. The relative importance of these two interactions is quantified both at and after the TS. Our analysis shows that both interactions are important for the formation of the N-N σ bond, while radical coupling interactions dominate the formation of N-N π bonds. Comparison is made to isoelectronic Ru2-oxo compounds. Formation of an O-O bond via bimolecular oxo coupling is not observed experimentally and is calculated to have a much higher TS energy. The major difference between the nitrido and oxo systems stems from an extremely large driving force, ∼-500 kJ/mol, for N-N coupling vs a more modest driving force for O-O coupling, -40 to -140 kJ/mol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungho V Park
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Amanda R Corcos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Alexander N Jambor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Tzuhsiung Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - John F Berry
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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19
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Itabashi T, Arashiba K, Kuriyama S, Nishibayashi Y. Reactivity of molybdenum-nitride complex bearing pyridine-based PNP-type pincer ligand toward carbon-centered electrophiles. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:1946-1954. [PMID: 35023535 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03952k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A molybdenum-nitride complex bearing a pyridine-based PNP-type pincer ligand derived from dinitrogen is reacted with various kinds of carbon-centered electrophiles to functionalize the nitride ligand in the molybdenum complex. Methylation with MeOTf and acylation with diphenylacetyl chloride of the nitride complex afford the corresponding imide complexes via a carbon-nitrogen bond formation. In the case of reactions with phenylisocyanate and diphenylketene, the PNP ligand works as a non-innocent ligand to form the corresponding ureate and acylimide complexes, respectively. These newly synthesized complexes are characterized by X-ray analysis. As a further transformation of the prepared imide complexes, hydrolysis of the molybdenum-acylimide complex proceeds to give the corresponding amide as an organonitrogen compound together with the corresponding molybdenum-oxo complex. This result indicates that the nitrogen molecule is converted into organic amide mediated by the molybdenum-nitride complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Itabashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Kazuya Arashiba
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Shogo Kuriyama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Yoshiaki Nishibayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
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20
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Li Y, Su L, Yang D, Di K, Wang B, Qu J. A thiolate-bridged ruthenium-molybdenum complex featuring terminal nitrido and bridging amido ligands derived from N−H and N−N bond cleavage of hydrazine. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:10866-10870. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01378a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Biomimetic di- or multimetallic complexes featuring NxHy species in a sulfur-rich coordination sphere have attracted considerable attention in modelling the possible scenarios of biological nitrogen fixation by nitrogenases. Although the...
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21
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Yu H, Zhang Q, Xu J, Wang X, Luo L. Assessment of density functional theory in studying on the transition states of a Diiron-mediated N N bond cleavage reaction. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2021.113418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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22
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Schluschaß B, Borter JH, Rupp S, Demeshko S, Herwig C, Limberg C, Maciulis NA, Schneider J, Würtele C, Krewald V, Schwarzer D, Schneider S. Cyanate Formation via Photolytic Splitting of Dinitrogen. JACS AU 2021; 1:879-894. [PMID: 34240082 PMCID: PMC8243327 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Light-driven N2 cleavage into molecular nitrides is an attractive strategy for synthetic nitrogen fixation. However, suitable platforms are rare. Furthermore, the development of catalytic protocols via this elementary step suffers from poor understanding of N-N photosplitting within dinitrogen complexes, as well as of the thermochemical and kinetic framework for coupled follow-up chemistry. We here present a tungsten pincer platform, which undergoes fully reversible, thermal N2 splitting and reverse nitride coupling, allowing for experimental derivation of thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of the N-N cleavage step. Selective N-N splitting was also obtained photolytically. DFT computations allocate the productive excitations within the {WNNW} core. Transient absorption spectroscopy shows ultrafast repopulation of the electronic ground state. Comparison with ground-state kinetics and resonance Raman data support a pathway for N-N photosplitting via a nonstatistically vibrationally excited ground state that benefits from vibronically coupled structural distortion of the core. Nitride carbonylation and release are demonstrated within a full synthetic cycle for trimethylsilylcyanate formation directly from N2 and CO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Schluschaß
- University
of Göttingen, Institute for Inorganic
Chemistry, Tammannstraße
4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jan-Hendrik Borter
- Department
of Dynamics at Surfaces, Max Planck Institute
for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Severine Rupp
- Theoretische
Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Serhiy Demeshko
- University
of Göttingen, Institute for Inorganic
Chemistry, Tammannstraße
4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christian Herwig
- Institut
für Chemie, Humboldt Universität
zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Limberg
- Institut
für Chemie, Humboldt Universität
zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicholas A. Maciulis
- Department
of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405-7102, United States
| | - Jessica Schneider
- University
of Göttingen, Institute for Inorganic
Chemistry, Tammannstraße
4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christian Würtele
- University
of Göttingen, Institute for Inorganic
Chemistry, Tammannstraße
4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Vera Krewald
- Theoretische
Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Dirk Schwarzer
- Department
of Dynamics at Surfaces, Max Planck Institute
for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sven Schneider
- University
of Göttingen, Institute for Inorganic
Chemistry, Tammannstraße
4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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23
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Song J, Liao Q, Hong X, Jin L, Mézailles N. Conversion of Dinitrogen into Nitrile: Cross-Metathesis of N 2 -Derived Molybdenum Nitride with Alkynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:12242-12247. [PMID: 33608987 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202015183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The direct synthesis of nitrile from N2 under mild conditions is of great importance and has attracted much interest. Herein, we report a direct conversion of N2 into nitrile via a nitrile-alkyne cross-metathesis (NACM) process involving a N2 -derived Mo nitride. Treatment of the Mo nitride with alkyne in the presence of KOTf afforded an alkyne-coordinated nitride, which was then transformed into MoV carbyne and the corresponding nitrile upon 1 e- oxidation. Both aryl- and alkyl-substituted alkynes underwent this process smoothly. Experiments and DFT calculations have proved that the oxidation state of the Mo center plays a crucial role. This method does not rely on the nucleophilicity of the N2 -derived metal nitride, offering a novel strategy for N2 fixation chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyi Song
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Rd., 116024, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Qian Liao
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Rd., 116024, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Xin Hong
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Rd., 116024, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Li Jin
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Rd., 116024, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Nicolas Mézailles
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée, Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France
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24
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Maibam A, Krishnamurty S. Nitrogen activation to reduction on a recyclable V-SAC/BN-graphene heterocatalyst sifted through dual and multiphilic descriptors. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 600:480-491. [PMID: 34030008 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Efficient reduction of nitrogen to ammonia at a minimal cost would require a recherche catalyst tailored by assimilating the inherent electronic and reactive nature of Single Atom Catalysts (SACs) on heteroatom doped-graphene. A full-scale DFT study accounting for disparate descriptions of atomic orbitals and representation of support, has been carried out to identify the most active and recyclable SAC/B-graphene composite as catalyst for Nitrogen Reduction Reaction (NRR). Dual and Multiphilic descriptors derived reactivity pattern of six different metal SACs V, Fe, Ni, Ru, W and Re on periodic and non-periodic paradigms of pristine and BN-pair doped graphene supports, align with the calculated chemisorption efficacy and activation of N2. The enzymatic route of nitrogen reduction on three most ideal metal SACs (V, W and Re) culminates Vanadium SAC, a relatively cheaper metal, anchored on BNring-graphene with an energy barrier of ⩽1.24 eV as a highly active and recyclable catalyst for NRR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashakiran Maibam
- Physical and Materials Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411 008, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC) Campus, Postal Staff College area, Gaziabad 201 002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sailaja Krishnamurty
- Physical and Materials Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411 008, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC) Campus, Postal Staff College area, Gaziabad 201 002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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25
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Forrest SJK, Schluschaß B, Yuzik-Klimova EY, Schneider S. Nitrogen Fixation via Splitting into Nitrido Complexes. Chem Rev 2021; 121:6522-6587. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian J. K. Forrest
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Bastian Schluschaß
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Sven Schneider
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
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26
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Tanabe Y, Nishibayashi Y. Comprehensive insights into synthetic nitrogen fixation assisted by molecular catalysts under ambient or mild conditions. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:5201-5242. [PMID: 33651046 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01341b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
N2 is fixed as NH3 industrially by the Haber-Bosch process under harsh conditions, whereas biological nitrogen fixation is achieved under ambient conditions, which has prompted development of alternative methods to fix N2 catalyzed by transition metal molecular complexes. Since the early 21st century, catalytic conversion of N2 into NH3 under ambient conditions has been achieved by using molecular catalysts, and now H2O has been utilized as a proton source with turnover frequencies reaching the values found for biological nitrogen fixation. In this review, recent advances in the development of molecular catalysts for synthetic N2 fixation under ambient or mild conditions are summarized, and potential directions for future research are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Tanabe
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Yoshiaki Nishibayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
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27
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Song J, Liao Q, Hong X, Jin L, Mézailles N. Conversion of Dinitrogen into Nitrile: Cross‐Metathesis of N
2
‐Derived Molybdenum Nitride with Alkynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202015183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinyi Song
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology No. 2 Linggong Rd. 116024 Dalian Liaoning China
| | - Qian Liao
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology No. 2 Linggong Rd. 116024 Dalian Liaoning China
| | - Xin Hong
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology No. 2 Linggong Rd. 116024 Dalian Liaoning China
| | - Li Jin
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology No. 2 Linggong Rd. 116024 Dalian Liaoning China
| | - Nicolas Mézailles
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée Université Paul Sabatier CNRS 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse France
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28
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Masero F, Perrin MA, Dey S, Mougel V. Dinitrogen Fixation: Rationalizing Strategies Utilizing Molecular Complexes. Chemistry 2021; 27:3892-3928. [PMID: 32914919 PMCID: PMC7986120 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dinitrogen (N2 ) is the most abundant gas in Earth's atmosphere, but its inertness hinders its use as a nitrogen source in the biosphere and in industry. Efficient catalysts are hence required to ov. ercome the high kinetic barriers associated to N2 transformation. In that respect, molecular complexes have demonstrated strong potential to mediate N2 functionalization reactions under mild conditions while providing a straightforward understanding of the reaction mechanisms. This Review emphasizes the strategies for N2 reduction and functionalization using molecular transition metal and actinide complexes according to their proposed reaction mechanisms, distinguishing complexes inducing cleavage of the N≡N bond before (dissociative mechanism) or concomitantly with functionalization (associative mechanism). We present here the main examples of stoichiometric and catalytic N2 functionalization reactions following these strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Masero
- Department of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesLaboratory of Inorganic ChemistryETH ZürichVladimir Prelog Weg 1–58093ZürichSwitzerland
| | - Marie A. Perrin
- Department of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesLaboratory of Inorganic ChemistryETH ZürichVladimir Prelog Weg 1–58093ZürichSwitzerland
| | - Subal Dey
- Department of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesLaboratory of Inorganic ChemistryETH ZürichVladimir Prelog Weg 1–58093ZürichSwitzerland
| | - Victor Mougel
- Department of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesLaboratory of Inorganic ChemistryETH ZürichVladimir Prelog Weg 1–58093ZürichSwitzerland
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29
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Ashida Y, Nishibayashi Y. Catalytic conversion of nitrogen molecule into ammonia using molybdenum complexes under ambient reaction conditions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:1176-1189. [PMID: 33443504 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc07146c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen fixation using homogeneous transition metal complexes under mild reaction conditions is a challenging topic in the field of chemistry. Several successful examples of the catalytic conversion of nitrogen molecule into ammonia using various transition metal complexes in the presence of reductants and proton sources have been reported so far, together with detailed investigations on the reaction mechanism. Among these, only molybdenum complexes have been shown to serve as effective catalysts under ambient reaction conditions, in stark contrast with other transition metal-catalysed reactions that proceed at low reaction temperature such as -78 °C. In this feature article, we classify the molybdenum-catalysed reactions into four types: reactions via the Schrock cycle, reactions via dinuclear reaction systems, reactions via direct cleavage of the nitrogen-nitrogen triple bond of dinitrogen, and reactions via the Chatt-type cycle. We describe these catalytic systems focusing on the catalytic activity and mechanistic investigations. We hope that the present feature article provides useful information to develop more efficient nitrogen fixation systems under mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Ashida
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Yoshiaki Nishibayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
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30
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Zhai DD, Xie SJ, Xia Y, Fang HY, Shi ZJ. Silylamido supported dinitrogen heterobimetallic complexes: syntheses and their catalytic ability. Natl Sci Rev 2020; 8:nwaa290. [PMID: 34987834 PMCID: PMC8694672 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwaa290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Molybdenum dinitrogen complexes supported by monodentate arylsilylamido ligand, [Ar(Me3Si)N]3MoN2Mg(THF)2[N(SiMe3)Ar] (5) and [Ar(Me3Si)N]3MoN2SiMe3 (6) (Ar = 3,5-Me2C6H3) were synthesized and structurally characterized, and proved to be effective catalysts for the disproportionation of cyclohexadienes and isomerization of terminal alkenes. The 1H NMR spectrum suggested that the bridging nitrogen ligand remains intact during the catalytic reaction, indicating possible catalytic ability of the Mo-N=N motif.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Zhai
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Si-Jun Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yi Xia
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hua-Yi Fang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhang-Jie Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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31
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Arashiba K, Tanaka H, Yoshizawa K, Nishibayashi Y. Cycling between Molybdenum‐Dinitrogen and ‐Nitride Complexes to Support the Reaction Pathway for Catalytic Formation of Ammonia from Dinitrogen. Chemistry 2020; 26:13383-13389. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Arashiba
- Department of Systems Innovation School of Engineering The University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 1 13-8656 Japan
| | - Hiromasa Tanaka
- School of Liberal Arts and Sciences Daido University Takiharu-cho, Minami-ku Nagoya 457-8530 Japan
| | - Kazunari Yoshizawa
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering and IRCCS Kyushu University Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Nishibayashi
- Department of Systems Innovation School of Engineering The University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 1 13-8656 Japan
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32
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Bruch QJ, Connor GP, McMillion ND, Goldman AS, Hasanayn F, Holland PL, Miller AJM. Considering Electrocatalytic Ammonia Synthesis via Bimetallic Dinitrogen Cleavage. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Quinton J. Bruch
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Gannon P. Connor
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Noah D. McMillion
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Alan S. Goldman
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Faraj Hasanayn
- Department of Chemistry, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Patrick L. Holland
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Alexander J. M. Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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33
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Abstract
Our planet urgently needs sustainable solutions to alleviate the anthropogenic global warming and climate change. Homogeneous catalysis has the potential to play a fundamental role in this process, providing novel, efficient, and at the same time eco-friendly routes for both chemicals and energy production. In particular, pincer-type ligation shows promising properties in terms of long-term stability and selectivity, as well as allowing for mild reaction conditions and low catalyst loading. Indeed, pincer complexes have been applied to a plethora of sustainable chemical processes, such as hydrogen release, CO2 capture and conversion, N2 fixation, and biomass valorization for the synthesis of high-value chemicals and fuels. In this work, we show the main advances of the last five years in the use of pincer transition metal complexes in key catalytic processes aiming for a more sustainable chemical and energy production.
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34
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Abstract
Activation of dinitrogen plays an important role in daily anthropogenic life, and the processes by which this fixation occurs have been a longstanding and significant research focus within the community. One of the major fields of dinitrogen activation research is the use of multimetallic compounds to reduce and/or activate N2 into a more useful nitrogen-atom source, such as ammonia. Here we report a comprehensive review of multimetallic-dinitrogen complexes and their utility toward N2 activation, beginning with the d-block metals from Group 4 to Group 11, then extending to Group 13 (which is exclusively populated by B complexes), and finally the rare-earth and actinide species. The review considers all polynuclear metal aggregates containing two or more metal centers in which dinitrogen is coordinated or activated (i.e., partial or complete cleavage of the N2 triple bond in the observed product). Our survey includes complexes in which mononuclear N2 complexes are used as building blocks to generate homo- or heteromultimetallic dinitrogen species, which allow one to evaluate the potential of heterometallic species for dinitrogen activation. We highlight some of the common trends throughout the periodic table, such as the differences between coordination modes as it relates to N2 activation and potential functionalization and the effect of polarizing the bridging N2 ligand by employing different metal ions of differing Lewis acidities. By providing this comprehensive treatment of polynuclear metal dinitrogen species, this Review aims to outline the past and provide potential future directions for continued research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devender Singh
- Center for Catalysis, and Florida Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA
| | - William R. Buratto
- Center for Catalysis, and Florida Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA
| | - Juan F. Torres
- Center for Catalysis, and Florida Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA
| | - Leslie J. Murray
- Center for Catalysis, and Florida Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA
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35
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Kim S, Loose F, Chirik PJ. Beyond Ammonia: Nitrogen–Element Bond Forming Reactions with Coordinated Dinitrogen. Chem Rev 2020; 120:5637-5681. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sangmin Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Florian Loose
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Paul J. Chirik
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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36
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Rupp S, Plasser F, Krewald V. Multi‐Tier Electronic Structure Analysis of Sita's Mo and W Complexes Capable of Thermal or Photochemical N
2
Splitting. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201901304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Severine Rupp
- Fachbereich Chemie Theoretische Chemie Technische Universität Darmstadt Alarich‐Weiss‐Str. 4 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Felix Plasser
- Department of Chemistry Loughborough University Loughborough LE11 3TU United Kingdom
| | - Vera Krewald
- Fachbereich Chemie Theoretische Chemie Technische Universität Darmstadt Alarich‐Weiss‐Str. 4 64287 Darmstadt Germany
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37
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Shima T, Hou Z. Dinitrogen Activation by a Titanium/Ruthenium Heteromultimetallic Hydride Complex. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201901290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Shima
- Advanced Catalysis Research Group; RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science; 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198 Saitama Japan
- Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory; RIKEN; 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198 Saitama Japan
| | - Zhaomin Hou
- Advanced Catalysis Research Group; RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science; 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198 Saitama Japan
- Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory; RIKEN; 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198 Saitama Japan
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38
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Tanabe Y, Sekiguchi Y, Tanaka H, Konomi A, Yoshizawa K, Kuriyama S, Nishibayashi Y. Preparation and reactivity of molybdenum complexes bearing pyrrole-based PNP-type pincer ligand. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:6933-6936. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc02852e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Molybdenum complexes bearing an anionic pyrrole-based PNP-type pincer ligand have been prepared and have been found to work as catalysts for the conversion of N2 into NH3 under ambient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Tanabe
- Department of Systems Innovation
- School of Engineering
- The University of Tokyo
- Hongo
- Bunkyo-ku
| | - Yoshiya Sekiguchi
- Department of Systems Innovation
- School of Engineering
- The University of Tokyo
- Hongo
- Bunkyo-ku
| | - Hiromasa Tanaka
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering
- Kyushu University
- Nishi-ku
- Fukuoka 819-0395
- Japan
| | - Asuka Konomi
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering
- Kyushu University
- Nishi-ku
- Fukuoka 819-0395
- Japan
| | - Kazunari Yoshizawa
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering
- Kyushu University
- Nishi-ku
- Fukuoka 819-0395
- Japan
| | - Shogo Kuriyama
- Department of Systems Innovation
- School of Engineering
- The University of Tokyo
- Hongo
- Bunkyo-ku
| | - Yoshiaki Nishibayashi
- Department of Systems Innovation
- School of Engineering
- The University of Tokyo
- Hongo
- Bunkyo-ku
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39
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Bruch QJ, Connor GP, Chen CH, Holland PL, Mayer JM, Hasanayn F, Miller AJM. Dinitrogen Reduction to Ammonium at Rhenium Utilizing Light and Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:20198-20208. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b10031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Quinton J. Bruch
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Gannon P. Connor
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Chun-Hsing Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Patrick L. Holland
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - James M. Mayer
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Faraj Hasanayn
- Department of Chemistry, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Alexander J. M. Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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40
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Chakraborty J, Mandal U, Ghiviriga I, Abboud KA, Veige AS. Ammonia Synthesis through Hydrolysis of a Trianionic Pincer Ligand-Supported Molybdenum-Nitride Complex. Chemistry 2019; 25:14059-14063. [PMID: 31461185 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Reported is the hydrolysis of a homogeneous Mo-nitride complex bearing a trianionic pincer-type ligand to produce ammonia. Treating the anionic [(ONO)]Mo≡N(OtBu)]Ph3 PCH3 with two equivalents of water produces ammonia and the dioxo complex [(ONO)]MoO2 ]Ph3 PCH3 . X-Ray crystal structures of the starting nitrido complex and product dioxo complex are presented. Evidence for ammonia release comes from GC-MS and deuterium-labelling studies. The reaction is presented in the context of a two-stage solar thermochemical dinitrogen fixation process as the solid-state nitride hydrolysis step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhonti Chakraborty
- Center for Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box, 117200, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ushnish Mandal
- Center for Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box, 117200, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ion Ghiviriga
- Center for Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box, 117200, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Khalil A Abboud
- Center for Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box, 117200, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Adam S Veige
- Center for Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box, 117200, Gainesville, FL, USA
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41
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Katayama A, Ohta T, Wasada‐Tsutsui Y, Inomata T, Ozawa T, Ogura T, Masuda H. Dinitrogen‐Molybdenum Complex Induces Dinitrogen Cleavage by One‐Electron Oxidation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:11279-11284. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201905299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akira Katayama
- Department of Cooperative Major in Nanopharmaceutical SciencesGraduate School of EngineeringNagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso, Showa Nagoya 466-8555 Japan
| | - Takehiro Ohta
- Picobiology InstituteGraduate School of Life ScienceUniversity of Hyogo, RSC-UH LP Center Hyogo 679-5148 Japan
- Present address: Department of Applied ChemistryFaculty of EngineeringSanyo-Onoda City University Sanyo-Onoda Yamaguchi 756-0884 Japan
| | - Yuko Wasada‐Tsutsui
- Department of Cooperative Major in Nanopharmaceutical SciencesGraduate School of EngineeringNagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso, Showa Nagoya 466-8555 Japan
| | - Tomohiko Inomata
- Department of Life Science and Applied ChemistryGraduate School of EngineeringNagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso, Showa Nagoya 466-8555 Japan
| | - Tomohiro Ozawa
- Department of Cooperative Major in Nanopharmaceutical SciencesGraduate School of EngineeringNagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso, Showa Nagoya 466-8555 Japan
| | - Takashi Ogura
- Picobiology InstituteGraduate School of Life ScienceUniversity of Hyogo, RSC-UH LP Center Hyogo 679-5148 Japan
| | - Hideki Masuda
- Department of Life Science and Applied ChemistryGraduate School of EngineeringNagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso, Showa Nagoya 466-8555 Japan
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42
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Connor GP, Mercado BQ, Lant HMC, Mayer JM, Holland PL. Chemical Oxidation of a Coordinated PNP-Pincer Ligand Forms Unexpected Re–Nitroxide Complexes with Reversal of Nitride Reactivity. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:10791-10801. [PMID: 31389243 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gannon P. Connor
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Brandon Q. Mercado
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Hannah M. C. Lant
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - James M. Mayer
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Patrick L. Holland
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
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43
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Ruthenium-catalysed oxidative conversion of ammonia into dinitrogen. Nat Chem 2019; 11:702-709. [DOI: 10.1038/s41557-019-0293-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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44
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Katayama A, Ohta T, Wasada‐Tsutsui Y, Inomata T, Ozawa T, Ogura T, Masuda H. Dinitrogen‐Molybdenum Complex Induces Dinitrogen Cleavage by One‐Electron Oxidation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201905299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akira Katayama
- Department of Cooperative Major in Nanopharmaceutical SciencesGraduate School of EngineeringNagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso, Showa Nagoya 466-8555 Japan
| | - Takehiro Ohta
- Picobiology InstituteGraduate School of Life ScienceUniversity of Hyogo, RSC-UH LP Center Hyogo 679-5148 Japan
- Present address: Department of Applied ChemistryFaculty of EngineeringSanyo-Onoda City University Sanyo-Onoda Yamaguchi 756-0884 Japan
| | - Yuko Wasada‐Tsutsui
- Department of Cooperative Major in Nanopharmaceutical SciencesGraduate School of EngineeringNagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso, Showa Nagoya 466-8555 Japan
| | - Tomohiko Inomata
- Department of Life Science and Applied ChemistryGraduate School of EngineeringNagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso, Showa Nagoya 466-8555 Japan
| | - Tomohiro Ozawa
- Department of Cooperative Major in Nanopharmaceutical SciencesGraduate School of EngineeringNagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso, Showa Nagoya 466-8555 Japan
| | - Takashi Ogura
- Picobiology InstituteGraduate School of Life ScienceUniversity of Hyogo, RSC-UH LP Center Hyogo 679-5148 Japan
| | - Hideki Masuda
- Department of Life Science and Applied ChemistryGraduate School of EngineeringNagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso, Showa Nagoya 466-8555 Japan
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45
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Itabashi T, Arashiba K, Tanaka H, Konomi A, Eizawa A, Nakajima K, Yoshizawa K, Nishibayashi Y. Synthesis and Catalytic Reactivity of Bis(molybdenum-trihalide) Complexes Bridged by Ferrocene Skeleton toward Catalytic Nitrogen Fixation. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hiromasa Tanaka
- School of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Daido University, Takiharu-cho, Minami-ku, Nagoya 457-8530, Japan
| | - Asuka Konomi
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | | | | | - Kazunari Yoshizawa
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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46
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Qin G, Cui Q, Du A, Wang W, Sun Q. Transition Metal Diborides: A New Type of High‐performance Electrocatalysts for Nitrogen Reduction. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201900538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gangqiang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary SciencesSoochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Qianyi Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary SciencesSoochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Aijun Du
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical EngineeringQueensland University of Technology Brisbane QLD 4001 Australia
| | - Weihua Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringQufu Normal University Qufu 273165 China
| | - Qiao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary SciencesSoochow University Suzhou 215123 China
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47
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Krewald V. Steric Switching From Photochemical to Thermal N 2 Splitting: A Computational Analysis of the Isomerization Reaction {(Cp *)(Am)Mo} 2(μ-η 1:η 1-N 2) → {(Cp *)(Am)Mo} 2(μ-N) 2. Front Chem 2019; 7:352. [PMID: 31165063 PMCID: PMC6535493 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A μ-η1:η1-N2-bridged Mo dimer, {(η5-C5Me5)[N(Et)C(Ph)N(Et)]Mo}2(μ-N2), cleaves dinitrogen thermally resulting in a crystallographically characterized bis-μ-N-bridged dimer, {(η5-C5Me5)[N(Et)C(Ph)N(Et)]Mo}2(μ-N)2. A structurally related Mo dimer with a bulkier amidinate ligand, ([N(iPr)C(Me)N(iPr)]), is only capable of photochemical dinitrogen activation. These opposing reactivities were rationalized as steric switching between the thermally and photochemically active species. A computational analysis of the geometric and electronic structures of intermediates along the isomerization pathway from Mo2(μ-η1:η1-N2) to Mo2(μ-η2:η1-N2) and Mo2(μ-η2:η2-N2), and finally Mo2(μ-N)2, is presented here. The extent to which dispersion affects the thermodynamics of the isomers is evaluated, and it is found that dispersion interactions play a significant role in stabilizing the product and making the reaction exergonic. The concept of steric switching is further explored with theoretical models with sterically even less demanding ligands, indicating that systematic ligand modifications could be used to rationally design the N2 activation energy landscape. An analysis of electronic excitations in the computed UV-vis spectra of the two complexes shows that a particular type of asymmetric excitations is only present in the photoactive complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Krewald
- Theoretische Chemie, Fachbereich Chemie, TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
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Hickey AK, Wickramasinghe LA, Schrock RR, Tsay C, Müller P. Protonation Studies of Molybdenum(VI) Nitride Complexes That Contain the [2,6-(ArNCH 2) 2NC 5H 3] 2- Ligand (Ar = 2,6-Diisopropylphenyl). Inorg Chem 2019; 58:3724-3731. [PMID: 30807124 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b03346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[Ar2N3]Mo(N)(O- t-Bu) (1), which contains the conformationally rigid pyridine-based diamido ligand [2,6-(ArNCH2)2NC5H3]2- (Ar = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl), is a catalyst for the reduction of dinitrogen with protons and electrons. Various acids have been added in order to explore where and how the first proton adds to the complex. The addition of adamantol to 1 produces a five-coordinate bis(adamantoxide), [HAr2N3]Mo(N)(OAd)2 (2a), in which one of the amido nitrogens in the ligand has been protonated and the resulting aniline nitrogen in the [HAr2N3]- ligand is not bound to the metal. The addition of [Ph2NH2][OTf] to 1 produces {[HAr2N3]Mo(N)(O- t-Bu)}(OTf) (3), in which an amido nitrogen has been protonated, but the aniline in the [HAr2N3]- ligand remains bound to the metal. Last, the addition of (2,6-lutidinium)BArF4 (BArF4 = {B(3,5-(CF3)2C6H3)4}-) to 1 yields {[Ar2N3]Mo(N)(LutH)(O- t-Bu)}BArF4, in which LutH+ is hydrogen-bonded to the nitride in the solid state and in dichloromethane with Keq = 412 ± 94 and Δ G = -3.6 ± 0.8 kcal at 22 °C. A similar hydrogen-bonded adduct was formed through the addition of (2-methylpyridinium)BArF4 to 1, but the addition of (pyridinium)BArF4 to 1 leads to the formation of (inter alia) {[HAr2N3]Mo(N)(O- t-Bu)}(BArF4), in which the amide nitrogen has been protonated. The addition of cobaltocene to 3 or {[Ar2N3]Mo(N)(LutH)(O- t-Bu)}(BArF4) leads only to the re-formation of 1. X-ray structural studies were carried out on 2a, 3, and {[Ar2N3]Mo(N)(LutH)(O- t-Bu)}(BArF4).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne K Hickey
- Department of Chemistry , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Lasantha A Wickramasinghe
- Department of Chemistry , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Richard R Schrock
- Department of Chemistry , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Charlene Tsay
- Department of Chemistry , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Peter Müller
- Department of Chemistry , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
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Shima T, Luo G, Hu S, Luo Y, Hou Z. Experimental and Computational Studies of Dinitrogen Activation and Hydrogenation at a Tetranuclear Titanium Imide/Hydride Framework. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:2713-2720. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b13341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Shima
- Advanced Catalysis Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Gen Luo
- Advanced Catalysis Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Shaowei Hu
- Advanced Catalysis Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Zhaomin Hou
- Advanced Catalysis Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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