1
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Zhang Z, Shao S, Luo H, Sun W, Wang J, Yin H. The functions of cuproptosis in gastric cancer: therapy, diagnosis, prognosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:117100. [PMID: 39013221 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most prevalent type of cancer in the whole world. Cuproptosis is discovered as a programmed cell death pathway and connected to cells' growth and death, as well as tumorigenesis. The relationship between cuproptosis and GC is still elusive. Two aspects of this study will elaborate the relationship between cuproptosis and immunotherapy as well as biomarkers in GC. Notably, the herein review is intended to highlight what has been accomplished regarding the cuproptosis for the diagnosis, immunotherapy, and prognosis in GC. The aim of this study is to offer a potential directions and the strategies for future research regarding cuproptosis inside the GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqin Zhang
- Department of BioBank, Kunshan Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Suzhou 215300, PR China
| | - Shenhua Shao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jinxi People's Hospital of Kunshan, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215300, PR China
| | - Hao Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second People's Hospital of Kunshan, Suzhou 215300, PR China
| | - Wangwei Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kunshan Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Jiangsu 215300, PR China
| | - Jianjun Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kunshan Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Jiangsu 215300, PR China.
| | - Hongqin Yin
- Department of Ultrasound, Kunshan Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Jiangsu 215300, PR China.
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2
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Fang J, Gerschel P, Singh K, Apfel UP, Suntharalingam K. Cobalt(III)-Macrocyclic Scaffolds with Anti-Cancer Stem Cell Activity. Molecules 2024; 29:2743. [PMID: 38930809 PMCID: PMC11206342 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29122743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cobalt(III) compounds with tetradentate ligands have been widely employed to deliver cytotoxic and imaging agents into cells. A large body of work has focused on using cobalt(III)-cyclam scaffolds for this purpose. Here, we investigate the cytotoxic properties of cobalt(III) complexes containing 14-membered macrocycles related to cyclam. A breast cancer stem cell (CSC) in vitro model was used to gauge efficacy. Specifically, [Co(1,4,7,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane)Cl2]+ (1) and [Co(1-oxa-4,8,12-triazacyclotetradecane)Cl2]+ (2) were synthesised and characterised, and their breast CSC activity was determined. The cobalt(III) complexes 1 and 2 displayed micromolar potency towards bulk breast cancer cells and breast CSCs grown in monolayers. Notably, 1 and 2 displayed selective potency towards breast CSCs over bulk breast cancer cells (up to 4.5-fold), which was similar to salinomycin (an established breast CSC-selective agent). The cobalt(III) complexes 1 and 2 were also able to inhibit mammosphere formation at low micromolar doses (with respect to size and number). The mammopshere inhibitory effect of 2 was similar to that of salinomycin. Our studies show that cobalt(III) complexes with 1,4,7,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane and 1-oxa-4,8,12-triazacyclotetradecane macrocycles could be useful starting points for the development of new cobalt-based delivery systems that can transport cytotoxic and imaging agents into breast CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Fang
- School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK; (J.F.); (K.S.)
| | - Philipp Gerschel
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany;
| | - Kuldip Singh
- School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK; (J.F.); (K.S.)
| | - Ulf-Peter Apfel
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany;
- Fraunhofer UMSICHT, Osterfelder Str. 3, 46047 Oberhausen, Germany
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3
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Xu BB, Jin N, Liu JC, Liao AQ, Lin HY, Qin XY. Arene-Arene Coupled Disulfamethazines (or Sulfadiazine)-Phenanthroline-Metal(II) Complexes were Synthesized by In Situ Reactions and Inhibited the Growth and Development of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer through the Synergistic Effect of Antiangiogenesis, Anti-Inflammation, Pro-Apoptosis, and Cuproptosis. J Med Chem 2024. [PMID: 38634624 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The novel metal(II)-based complexes HA-Cu, HA-Co, and HA-Ni with phenanthroline, sulfamethazine, and aromatic-aromatic coupled disulfamethazines as ligands were synthesized and characterized. HA-Cu, HA-Co, and HA-Ni all showed a broad spectrum of cytotoxicity and antiangiogenesis. HA-Cu was superior to HA-Co and HA-Ni, and even superior to DDP, showing significant inhibitory effect on the growth and development of tripe-negative breast cancer in vivo and in vitro. HA-Cu exhibited observable synergistic effects of antiproliferation, antiangiogenesis, anti-inflammatory, pro-apoptosis, and cuproptosis to effectively inhibited tumor survival and development. The molecular mechanism was confirmed that HA-Cu could downregulate the expression of key proteins in the VEGF/VEGFR2 signaling pathway and the expression of inflammatory cytokines, enhance the advantage of pro-apoptotic protein Bax, and enforce cuproptosis by weakening the expression of FDX1 and enhancing the expression of HSP70. Our research will provide a theoretical and practical reference for the development of metal-sulfamethazine and its derivatives as chemotherapy drugs for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Bing Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Nan Jin
- College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Ji-Cheng Liu
- Nanning Institute for Food and Drug Control, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, China
| | - Ai-Qiu Liao
- College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Hong-Yu Lin
- College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Xiu-Ying Qin
- College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
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4
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Li Y, Fang J, Singh K, Ortu F, Suntharalingam K. An immunogenic anti-cancer stem cell bi-nuclear copper(II)-flufenamic acid complex. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:6410-6415. [PMID: 38501501 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00384e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
An asymmetric bi-nuclear copper(II) complex with both cytotoxic and immunogenic activity towards breast cancer stem cells (CSCs) is reported. The bi-nuclear copper(II) complex comprises of two copper(II) centres bound to flufenamic acid and 3,4,7,8-tetramethyl-1,10-phenanthroline. The bi-nuclear copper(II) complex exhibits sub-micromolar potency towards breast CSCs grown in monolayers and three-dimensional cultures. Remarkably, the bi-nuclear copper(II) complex is up to 25-fold more potent toward breast CSC mammospheres than salinomycin (a gold standard anti-breast CSC agent) and cisplatin (a clinically administered metallodrug). Mechanistic studies showed that the bi-nuclear copper(II) complex readily enters breast CSCs, elevates intracellular reactive oxygen species levels, induces apoptosis, and promotes damage-associated molecular pattern release. The latter triggers phagocytosis of breast CSCs by macrophages. As far as we are aware, this is the first report of a bi-nuclear copper(II) complex to induce engulfment of breast CSCs by immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK.
| | - Jiaxin Fang
- School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK.
| | - Kuldip Singh
- School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK.
| | - Fabrizio Ortu
- School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK.
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5
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Soliman AM, El-Sagheir AMK, Thabet MM, Abdel Hakiem AF, Aboraia AS. Synthesis, characterization, molecular modeling studies, and biological evaluation of metal piroxicam complexes (M = Ni(II), Pt(IV), Pd(II), Ag(I)) as antibacterial and anticancer agents. Drug Dev Res 2024; 85:e22156. [PMID: 38355931 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Four piroxicam metal complexes; NiL2 , PtL2 , PdL2 , and AgL were synthesized and characterized by different techniques with enhanced antibacterial and anticancer activity. Regarding in vitro antimicrobial activity, complex NiL2 displayed potent antibacterial effect against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa that was 1.9-folds higher than piroxicam (minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] = 31.85, 65.32 µM), respectively. In case of G+ve bacteria, complex PtL2 had potent activity on Staphylococcus aureus which was 2.1-folds higher than piroxicam (MIC = 43.12 µM), while activity of complex AgL against Enterococcus faecalis was threefolds higher than piroxicam (MIC = 74.57 µM. Complexes PtL2 and PdL2 exhibited higher inhibition of DNA gyrase than piroxicam (IC50 = 6.21 µM) in the range of 1.9-1.7-folds. The in vitro antiproliferative activity depicted that all investigated complexes showed better cytotoxic effect than piroxicam, specifically Pt and Pd complexes which had lower IC50 values than piroxicam on human liver cancer cell line HepG2 by 1.8 and 1.7-folds, respectively. While Pd and Ag complexes showed 2 and 1.6-folds better effect on human colon cancer cell line HT-29 compared with piroxicam. Molecular modeling studies including docking on Stranded DNA Duplex (1juu) and DNA gyrase enzyme (1kzn) that gave good insight about interaction of complexes with target molecules, calculation of electrostatic potential map and global reactivity descriptors were performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya M Soliman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M K El-Sagheir
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Momen M Thabet
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed S Aboraia
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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6
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Selaković S, Rodić MV, Novaković I, Matić IZ, Stanojković T, Pirković A, Živković L, Spremo-Potparević B, Milčić M, Medaković V, Dimiza F, Psomas G, Anđelković K, Šumar-Ristović M. Cu(II) complexes with a salicylaldehyde derivative and α-diimines as co-ligands: synthesis, characterization, biological activity. Experimental and theoretical approach. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:2770-2788. [PMID: 38226867 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03862a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Copper(II) complexes with an α-diimine show a wide variety of biological activities, such as antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant and anticancer. In this work, we synthesized and structurally characterized two novel Cu(II) complexes with methyl 3-formyl-4-hydroxybenzoate (HL) and α-diimines: 2,2'-bipyridine (bipy) and 1,10-phenanthroline (phen). Crystal structure analysis shows that the formulas of the compounds are [Cu(bipy)(L)(BF4)] (1) and [Cu(phen)(L)(H2O)](BF4)·H2O (2), with BF4- as a ligand in complex 1, which is rarely coordinated to metals. Both complexes have a square pyramidal geometry, while DFT calculations showed that the most stable structures of complexes 1 and 2 in a water/DMSO mixture are square-planar derivatives [Cu(bipy)(L)]+ and [Cu(phen)(L)]+. The antibacterial activity of compounds was evaluated in vitro on four Gram-negative and four Gram-positive bacterial strains. Complex 2 showed greater antibacterial activity towards all bacterial strains comparable to the control compound Amikacin. Complex 2 exerted a strong cytotoxic effect against the tested cancer cell lines (IC50 values ranging from 0.32 to 0.44 μM). Both complexes caused apoptotic cell death in HeLa cells and a noticeable in vitro antiangiogenic effect. In the concentration range of 5 to 100 μM, the complexes showed the absence of a genotoxic effect and displayed a protective effect against oxidative DNA damage induced by H2O2 in human peripheral blood cells. The interaction between the compounds and calf-thymus DNA was evaluated by diverse techniques suggesting a tight binding, which was also confirmed by molecular docking. In addition, it was found that the complexes bind tightly and reversibly to bovine and human serum albumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snežana Selaković
- University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marko V Rodić
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, 21102 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Irena Novaković
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, Department of Chemistry, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivana Z Matić
- Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Andrea Pirković
- Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy-INEP, Department for Biology of Reproduction, Serbia
| | - Lada Živković
- University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pathobiology, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Miloš Milčić
- University of Belgrade - Faculty of Chemistry, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Vesna Medaković
- University of Belgrade - Faculty of Chemistry, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Filitsa Dimiza
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki GR-54124, Greece
| | - George Psomas
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki GR-54124, Greece
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7
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Fang J, Orobator ON, Olelewe C, Passeri G, Singh K, Awuah SG, Suntharalingam K. A Breast Cancer Stem Active Cobalt(III)-Cyclam Complex Containing Flufenamic Acid with Immunogenic Potential. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202317940. [PMID: 38063406 PMCID: PMC10952489 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/31/2023]
Abstract
The cytotoxic and immunogenic-activating properties of a cobalt(III)-cyclam complex bearing the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, flufenamic acid is reported within the context of anti-cancer stem cell (CSC) drug discovery. The cobalt(III)-cyclam complex 1 displays sub-micromolar potency towards breast CSCs grown in monolayers, 24-fold and 31-fold greater than salinomycin (an established anti-breast CSC agent) and cisplatin (an anticancer metallopharmaceutical), respectively. Strikingly, the cobalt(III)-cyclam complex 1 is 69-fold and 50-fold more potent than salinomycin and cisplatin towards three-dimensionally cultured breast CSC mammospheres. Mechanistic studies reveal that 1 induces DNA damage, inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 expression, and prompts caspase-dependent apoptosis. Breast CSCs treated with 1 exhibit damage-associated molecular patterns characteristic of immunogenic cell death and are phagocytosed by macrophages. As far as we are aware, 1 is the first cobalt complex of any oxidation state or geometry to display both cytotoxic and immunogenic-activating effects on breast CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Fang
- School of ChemistryUniversity of LeicesterLeicesterUK
| | | | | | | | - Kuldip Singh
- School of ChemistryUniversity of LeicesterLeicesterUK
| | - Samuel G. Awuah
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA
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8
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Gao Q, Zhan Y, Sun L, Zhu W. Cancer Stem Cells and the Tumor Microenvironment in Tumor Drug Resistance. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023; 19:2141-2154. [PMID: 37477773 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10593-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Although there has been some progress in the efficacy of anti-cancer drugs, drug resistance remains challenging. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are self-renewing and differentiate into cancer tissues with tumor heterogeneity. CSCs are associated with the progression of breast, colon, and lung cancers. Hence, recent studies have focused on the role of CSCs in resistance to anti-cancer drugs. Increasing evidence suggests that CSCs interact with components of the tumor microenvironment (TME), such as vascular and immune cells, as well as various cytokines, and are regulated by multiple signaling pathways, thereby promoting drug resistance in various cancers. Therefore, it is important to clarify the mechanisms underlying the crosstalk between CSCs and the TME for the development of targeted anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuzhi Gao
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Yixiang Zhan
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215300, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China.
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9
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Wang J, Luo LZ, Liang DM, Guo C, Huang ZH, Sun GY, Wen J. Progress in the research of cuproptosis and possible targets for cancer therapy. World J Clin Oncol 2023; 14:324-334. [PMID: 37771632 PMCID: PMC10523190 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v14.i9.324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Developing novel cancer therapies that exploit programmed cell death pathways holds promise for advancing cancer treatment. According to a recently published study in Science, copper death (cuproptosis) occurs when intracellular copper is overloaded, triggering aggregation of lipidated mitochondrial proteins and Fe-S cluster proteins. This intriguing phenomenon is triggered by the instability of copper ions. Understanding the molecular mechanisms behind cuproptosis and its associated genes, as identified by Tsvetkov, including ferredoxin 1, lipoic acid synthase, lipoyltransferase 1, dihydrolipid amide dehydrogenase, dihydrolipoamide transacetylase, pyruvate dehydrogenase α1, pyruvate dehydrogenase β, metallothionein, glutaminase, and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A, may open new avenues for cancer therapy. Here, we provide a new understanding of the role of copper death and related genes in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Wang
- Children Medical Center, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Lan-Zhu Luo
- Children Medical Center, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Dao-Miao Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Chao Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Huang
- Children Medical Center, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Guo-Ying Sun
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jie Wen
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
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10
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Johnson A, Feng X, Singh K, Ortu F, Suntharalingam K. The Anti-Breast Cancer Stem Cell Potency of Copper(I)-Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Complexes. Molecules 2023; 28:6401. [PMID: 37687229 PMCID: PMC10489748 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are thought to be partly responsible for metastasis and cancer relapse. Currently, there are no effective therapeutic options that can remove CSCs at clinically safe doses. Here, we report the synthesis, characterisation, and anti-breast CSC properties of a series of copper(I) complexes, comprising of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and triphenylphosphine ligands (1-3). The copper(I) complexes are able to reduce the viability of breast CSCs grown in two- and three-dimensional cultures at micromolar concentrations. The potency of the copper(I) complexes towards breast CSCs was similar to salinomycin (an established anti-breast CSC agent) and cisplatin (a clinically used metallopharmaceutical). Cell-based studies showed that the copper(I) complexes are readily, and similarly, internalised by breast CSCs. The copper(I) complexes significantly increase the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in breast CSCs, and their ROS generation profile with respect to time is dependent on the NSAID component present. The generation of intracellular ROS by the copper(I) complexes could be part of the underlying mechanism by which they evoke breast CSC death. As far as we are aware, this is the first study to explore the anti-breast CSC properties of copper(I) complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Johnson
- School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK; (A.J.); (X.F.); (K.S.)
- Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK
| | - Xiao Feng
- School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK; (A.J.); (X.F.); (K.S.)
| | - Kuldip Singh
- School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK; (A.J.); (X.F.); (K.S.)
| | - Fabrizio Ortu
- School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK; (A.J.); (X.F.); (K.S.)
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11
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Osei PB, Northcote‐Smith J, Fang J, Singh K, Ortu F, Suntharalingam K. The Bulk Breast Cancer Cell and Breast Cancer Stem Cell Activity of Binuclear Copper(II)-Phenanthroline Complexes. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301188. [PMID: 37249243 PMCID: PMC10947161 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Mononuclear copper(II)-phenanthroline complexes have been widely investigated as anticancer agents whereas multinuclear copper(II)-phenanthroline complexes are underexplored. Here the synthesis and characterisation of two new binuclear copper(II)-phenanthroline complexes 1 and 2 is reported, comprising of 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline or 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline, terminal chloride ligands, and bridging chloride or hydroxide ligands. The binuclear copper(II) complex containing 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline 1 displays nanomolar toxicity towards bulk breast cancer cells and breast cancer stem cells (CSCs) grown in monolayers, >50-fold greater than cisplatin (an anticancer metallodrug) and salinomycin (a gold-standard anti-CSC agent). Spectacularly, 1 exhibits >100-fold greater potency toward three-dimensionally cultured mammospheres than cisplatin and salinomycin. Mechanistic studies show that 1 evokes breast CSC apoptosis by elevating intracellular reactive oxygen species levels and damaging genomic DNA (possibly by an oxidative mechanism). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to probe the anti-breast CSC properties of binuclear copper(II)-phenanthroline complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jiaxin Fang
- School of ChemistryUniversity of LeicesterLeicesterUK
| | - Kuldip Singh
- School of ChemistryUniversity of LeicesterLeicesterUK
| | - Fabrizio Ortu
- School of ChemistryUniversity of LeicesterLeicesterUK
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12
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Lv S, Liu Y, Xie C, Xue C, Du S, Yao J. Emerging role of interactions between tumor angiogenesis and cancer stem cells. J Control Release 2023; 360:468-481. [PMID: 37391031 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Tumor angiogenesis and cancer stem cells (CSCs) are two major hallmarks of solid tumors. They have long received attention for their critical roles in tumor progression, metastasis and recurrence. Meanwhile, plenty of evidence indicates the close association between CSCs and tumor vasculature. CSCs are proven to promote tumor angiogenesis, and the highly vascularized tumor microenvironment further maintains CSCs growth in return, thereby forming a hard-breaking vicious circle to promote tumor development. Hence, though monotherapy targeting tumor vasculature or CSCs has been extensively studied over the past decades, the poor prognosis has been limiting the clinical application. This review summarizes the crosstalk between tumor vasculature and CSCs with emphasis on small-molecule compounds and the associated biological signaling pathways. We also highlight the importance of linking tumor vessels to CSCs to disrupt the CSCs-angiogenesis vicious circle. More precise treatment regimens targeting tumor vasculature and CSCs are expected to benefit future tumor treatment development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yufei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Changheng Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chenyang Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shi Du
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Jing Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China.
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13
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Yang J, Liu K, Yang L, Ji J, Qin J, Deng H, Wang Z. Identification and validation of a novel cuproptosis-related stemness signature to predict prognosis and immune landscape in lung adenocarcinoma by integrating single-cell and bulk RNA-sequencing. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1174762. [PMID: 37287976 PMCID: PMC10242006 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1174762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play vital roles in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) recurrence, metastasis, and drug resistance. Cuproptosis has provided a novel insight into the treatment of lung CSCs. However, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the cuproptosis-related genes combined with the stemness signature and their roles in the prognosis and immune landscape of LUAD. Methods Cuproptosis-related stemness genes (CRSGs) were identified by integrating single-cell and bulk RNA-sequencing data in LUAD patients. Subsequently, cuproptosis-related stemness subtypes were classified using consensus clustering analysis, and a prognostic signature was constructed by univariate and least absolute shrinkage operator (LASSO) Cox regression. The association between signature with immune infiltration, immunotherapy, and stemness features was also investigated. Finally, the expression of CRSGs and the functional roles of target gene were validated in vitro. Results We identified six CRSGs that were mainly expressed in epithelial and myeloid cells. Three distinct cuproptosis-related stemness subtypes were identified and associated with the immune infiltration and immunotherapy response. Furthermore, a prognostic signature was constructed to predict the overall survival (OS) of LUAD patients based on eight differently expressed genes (DEGs) with cuproptosis-related stemness signature (KLF4, SCGB3A1, COL1A1, SPP1, C4BPA, TSPAN7, CAV2, and CTHRC1) and confirmed in validation cohorts. We also developed an accurate nomogram to improve clinical applicability. Patients in the high-risk group showed worse OS with lower levels of immune cell infiltration and higher stemness features. Ultimately, further cellular experiments were performed to verify the expression of CRSGs and prognostic DEGs and demonstrate that SPP1 could affect the proliferation, migration, and stemness of LUAD cells. Conclusion This study developed a novel cuproptosis-related stemness signature that can be used to predict the prognosis and immune landscape of LUAD patients, and provided potential therapeutic targets for lung CSCs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yang
- *Correspondence: Zhongqi Wang, ; Jia Yang,
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14
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Balsa LM, Rodriguez MR, Ferraresi-Curotto V, Parajón-Costa BS, Gonzalez-Baró AC, León IE. Finding New Molecular Targets of Two Copper(II)-Hydrazone Complexes on Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells Using Mass-Spectrometry-Based Quantitative Proteomics. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087531. [PMID: 37108690 PMCID: PMC10139133 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women, with a high incidence estimated to reach 2.3 million by 2030. Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) is the greatest invasive class of breast cancer with a poor prognosis, due to the side-effects exerted by the chemotherapy used and the low effectivity of novel treatments. In this sense, copper compounds have shown to be potentially effective as antitumor agents, attracting increasing interest as alternatives to the usually employed platinum-derived drugs. Therefore, the aim of this work is to identify differentially expressed proteins in MDA-MB-231 cells exposed to two copper(II)-hydrazone complexes using label-free quantitative proteomics and functional bioinformatics strategies to identify the molecular mechanisms through which these copper complexes exert their antitumoral effect in TNBC cells. Both copper complexes increased proteins involved in endoplasmic reticulum stress and unfolded protein response, as well as the downregulation of proteins related to DNA replication and repair. One of the most relevant anticancer mechanisms of action found for CuHL1 and CuHL2 was the down-regulation of gain-of-function-mutant p53. Moreover, we found a novel and interesting effect for a copper metallodrug, which was the down-regulation of proteins related to lipid synthesis and metabolism that could lead to a beneficial decrease in lipid levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia M Balsa
- CEQUINOR (UNLP, CCT-CONICET La Plata, Asociado a CIC), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata 1900, Argentina
| | - María R Rodriguez
- CEQUINOR (UNLP, CCT-CONICET La Plata, Asociado a CIC), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata 1900, Argentina
| | - Verónica Ferraresi-Curotto
- Instituto de Física La Plata, IFLP (UNLP, CCT-CONICET La Plata), Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata 1900, Argentina
| | - Beatriz S Parajón-Costa
- CEQUINOR (UNLP, CCT-CONICET La Plata, Asociado a CIC), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata 1900, Argentina
| | - Ana C Gonzalez-Baró
- CEQUINOR (UNLP, CCT-CONICET La Plata, Asociado a CIC), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata 1900, Argentina
| | - Ignacio E León
- CEQUINOR (UNLP, CCT-CONICET La Plata, Asociado a CIC), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata 1900, Argentina
- Cátedra de Fisiopatología, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata 1900, Argentina
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15
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Passeri G, Northcote-Smith J, Suntharalingam K. Payload Release Profile and Anti-Cancer Stem Cell Properties of Compositionally Different Polymeric Nanoparticles Containing a Copper(II) Complex. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062506. [PMID: 36985478 PMCID: PMC10051418 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are linked to tumour relapse and metastasis, the main reason for cancer-related deaths. The application of polymeric nanoparticles as drug delivery systems to target CSCs is relatively unexplored. Here, we report the encapsulation of a CSC-potent copper(II) complex 1 by two compositionally different methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PEG–PLGA) copolymers. Specifically, we used PEG–PLGA (5000:10,000 Da, 1:1 LA:GA) and PEG–PLGA (5000:10,000 Da, 4:1 LA:GA) polymers to prepare spherical nanoparticle formulations 1:1 NP15 and 4:1 NP15, respectively, both with a 15% feed of 1. The two formulations show distinct biophysical and in vitro properties. For example, (i) 4:1 NP15 displays a slower payload release profile than 1:1 NP15 in physiologically relevant solutions, (ii) 4:1 NP15 exhibits statistically greater potency towards breast CSCs than bulk breast cancer cells grown in monolayers, whereas 1:1 NP15 is equally potent towards breast CSCs and bulk breast cancer cells, and (iii) 4:1 NP15 shows significantly greater potency towards three-dimensionally cultured mammospheres than 1:1 NP15. This study shows that the release profile and anti-breast CSC properties of PEG–PLGA nanoparticle formulations (containing 1) can be perturbed (and possibly controlled) by modifying the proportion of glycolic acid within the PLGA component.
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16
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Structural and Biological Properties of Heteroligand Copper Complexes with Diethylnicotinamide and Various Fenamates: Preparation, Structure, Spectral Properties and Hirshfeld Surface Analysis. INORGANICS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics11030108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, we discuss the synthesis, structural and spectroscopic characterization, and biological activity of five heteroligand copper(II) complexes with diethylnicotinamide and various fenamates, as follows: flufenamate (fluf), niflumate (nifl), tolfenamate (tolf), clonixinate (clon), mefenamate (mef) and N, N-diethylnicotinamide (dena). The complexes of composition: [Cu(fluf)2(dena)2(H2O)2] (1), [Cu(nifl)2(dena)2] (2), [Cu(tolf)2(dena)2(H2O)2] (3), [Cu(clon)2(dena)2] (4) and [Cu(mef)2(dena)2(H2O)2] (5), were synthesized, structurally (single-crystal X-ray diffraction) and spectroscopically characterized (IR, EA, UV-Vis and EPR). The studied complexes are monomeric, forming a distorted tetragonal bipyramidal stereochemistry around the central copper ion. The crystal structures of all five complexes were determined and refined with an aspheric model using the Hirshfeld atom refinement method. Hirshfeld surface analysis and fingerprint plots were used to investigate the intermolecular interactions in the crystalline state. The redox properties of the complexes were studied and evaluated via cyclic voltammetry. The complexes exhibited good superoxide scavenging activity as determined by an NBT assay along with a copper-based redox-cycling mechanism, resulting in the formation of ROS, which, in turn, predisposed the studied complexes for their anticancer activity. The ability of complexes 1–4 to interact with calf thymus DNA was investigated using absorption titrations, viscosity measurements and an ethidium-bromide-displacement-fluorescence-based method, suggesting mainly the intercalative binding of the complexes to DNA. The affinity of complexes 1–4 for bovine serum albumin was determined via fluorescence emission spectroscopy and was quantitatively characterized with the corresponding binding constants. The cytotoxic properties of complexes 1–4 were studied using the cancer cell lines A549, MCF-7 and U-118MG, as well as healthy MRC-5 cells. Complex 4 exhibited moderate anticancer activity on the MCF-7 cancer cells with IC50 = 57 μM.
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17
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Chang MR, Rusanov DA, Arakelyan J, Alshehri M, Asaturova AV, Kireeva GS, Babak MV, Ang WH. Targeting emerging cancer hallmarks by transition metal complexes: Cancer stem cells and tumor microbiome. Part I. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
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18
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Johnson A, Olelewe C, Kim JH, Northcote-Smith J, Mertens RT, Passeri G, Singh K, Awuah SG, Suntharalingam K. The anti-breast cancer stem cell properties of gold(i)-non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug complexes. Chem Sci 2023; 14:557-565. [PMID: 36741517 PMCID: PMC9847679 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc04707a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-breast cancer stem cell (CSC) properties of a series of gold(i) complexes comprising various non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and triphenylphosphine 1-8 are reported. The most effective gold(i)-NSAID complex 1, containing indomethacin, exhibits greater potency for breast CSCs than bulk breast cancer cells (up to 80-fold). Furthermore, 1 reduces mammosphere viability to a better extent than a panel of clinically used breast cancer drugs and salinomycin, an established anti-breast CSC agent. Mechanistic studies suggest 1-induced breast CSC death results from breast CSC entry, cytoplasm localisation, an increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species levels, cyclooxygenase-2 downregulation and inhibition, and apoptosis. Remarkably, 1 also significantly inhibits tumour growth in a murine metastatic triple-negative breast cancer model. To the best of our knowledge, 1 is the first gold complex of any geometry or oxidation state to demonstrate anti-breast CSC properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Johnson
- School of Chemistry, University of LeicesterLeicesterUK,Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam UniversitySheffieldUK
| | - Chibuzor Olelewe
- Department of Chemistry, University of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
| | - Jong Hyun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
| | | | - R. Tyler Mertens
- Department of Chemistry, University of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
| | | | - Kuldip Singh
- School of Chemistry, University of LeicesterLeicesterUK
| | - Samuel G. Awuah
- Department of Chemistry, University of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
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19
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Diz M, Durán-Carril ML, Castro J, Alvo S, Bada L, Viña D, García-Vázquez JA. Antitumor activity of copper(II) complexes with Schiff bases derived from N'-tosylbenzene-1,2-diamine. J Inorg Biochem 2022; 236:111975. [PMID: 36055108 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.111975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The electrochemical oxidation of anodic metal copper in a solution of the ligands N-[(5-tert-butyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)methylidine]-N'-tosylbenzene-1,2-diamine [H2L1] and N-[(3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)methylidine]-N'-tosylbenzene-1,2-diamine, [H2L2] afforded homoleptic [CuL] compounds or solvate [CuLS] complexes. The addition to the electrochemical cell of coligands (L') such as 2,2'-bipyridine (2-bpy), 4,4'-bipyridine(4-bpy) or 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) allowed the synthesis, in one step, of heteroleptic [CuLL'] compounds, namely [CuL1(H2O)] (1), [CuL1(2,2'-bpy)]⋅CH3CN (2), [CuL1(phen)]·H2O (3), [Cu2L12(4,4'-bpy)] (4), [CuL2(CH3OH)] (5), [CuL2(2,2'-bpy)] (6), [CuL2(phen)] (7) and [Cu2L22(4,4'-bpy)] (8). The crystal structures of both ligands, H2L1, H2L2, and those of the complexes (2), (4), (5), (6) and (7) have been determined by X-ray diffraction techniques. Coordination polyhedron around metal atom is square planar for [CuL2(CH3OH)] (5) and [Cu2L12(4,4'-bpy)] (4) and square pyramid for the other complexes with additional chelating ligands. The cytotoxic activity of this new series of copper(II) complexes against the SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line and U87-MG and U373-MG glioblastoma cell lines has been investigated. Most of the test compounds showed higher activity than cisplatin in the three cell lines. Among this series, compound [CuL1(phen)] (3) displayed the highest activity with IC50 equal to 1.77 μM on SH-SY5Y whereas compound [Cu2L12(4.4'-bpy)] (4) resulted the most potent compounds on U87 MG and U373 MG glioblastoma cell lines. Studies on the cytotoxic activity of these derivatives suggest that these compounds induce cell death by a mechanism other than apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Diz
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Campus Vida, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - María L Durán-Carril
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Campus Vida, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jesús Castro
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultade de Química, Edificio de Ciencias Experimentais, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo (Galicia), Spain.
| | - Samuel Alvo
- CIMUS, Campus Vida, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Lucía Bada
- CIMUS, Campus Vida, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Dolores Viña
- CIMUS, Campus Vida, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José A García-Vázquez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Campus Vida, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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20
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Murillo MI, Gaiddon C, Le Lagadec R. Targeting of the intracellular redox balance by metal complexes towards anticancer therapy. Front Chem 2022; 10:967337. [PMID: 36034648 PMCID: PMC9405673 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.967337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of cancers is often linked to the alteration of essential redox processes, and therefore, oxidoreductases involved in such mechanisms can be considered as attractive molecular targets for the development of new therapeutic strategies. On the other hand, for more than two decades, transition metals derivatives have been leading the research on drugs as alternatives to platinum-based treatments. The success of such compounds is particularly due to their attractive redox kinetics properties, favorable oxidation states, as well as routes of action different to interactions with DNA, in which redox interactions are crucial. For instance, the activity of oxidoreductases such as PHD2 (prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing protein) which can regulate angiogenesis in tumors, LDH (lactate dehydrogenase) related to glycolysis, and enzymes, such as catalases, SOD (superoxide dismutase), TRX (thioredoxin) or GSH (glutathione) involved in controlling oxidative stress, can be altered by metal effectors. In this review, we wish to discuss recent results on how transition metal complexes have been rationally designed to impact on redox processes, in search for effective and more specific cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Isabel Murillo
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Christian Gaiddon
- Strasbourg Université, Inserm UMR_S U1113, IRFAC, Strasbourg, France
| | - Ronan Le Lagadec
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Ronan Le Lagadec,
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21
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Xiao Z, Northcote-Smith J, Johnson A, Singh K, Suntharalingam K. The Cancer Stem Cell Potency of Group 10‐Azadiphosphine Metal Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202200427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alice Johnson
- Sheffield Hallam University Chemistry UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Kuldip Singh
- University of Leicester Chemistry UNITED KINGDOM
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22
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Godínez-Loyola Y, Gracia-Mora J, Rojas-Montoya ID, Hernández-Ayala LF, Reina M, Ortiz-Frade LA, Rascón-Valenzuela LA, Robles-Zepeda RE, Gómez-Vidales V, Bernad-Bernad MJ, Ruiz-Azuara L. Casiopeinas® third generation, with indomethacin: synthesis, characterization, DFT studies, antiproliferative activity, and nanoencapsulation. RSC Adv 2022; 12:21662-21673. [PMID: 35975050 PMCID: PMC9347768 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03346a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Seven new Casiopeinas® were synthesized and properly characterized. These novel compounds have a general formula [Cu(N–N)(Indo)]NO3, where Indo is deprotonated indomethacin and N–N is either bipyridine or phenanthroline with some methyl-substituted derivatives, belonging to the third generation of Casiopeinas®. Spectroscopic characterization suggests a square-based pyramid geometry and voltammetry experiments indicate that the redox potential is strongly dependent on the N–N ligand. All the presented compounds show high cytotoxic efficiency, and most of them exhibit higher efficacy compared to the well-known cisplatin drug and acetylacetonate analogs of the first generation. Computational calculations show that antiproliferative behavior can be directly related to the volume of the molecules. Besides, a chitosan (CS)–polyacrylamide (PNIPAAm) nanogel was synthesized and characterized to examine the encapsulation and release properties of the [Cu(4,7-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline)(Indo)]NO3 compound. The results show good encapsulation performance in acidic conditions and a higher kinetic drug release in acidic media than at neutral pH. This result can be described by the Peppas–Sahlin model and indicates a release mechanism predominantly by Fick diffusion. Seven new 3rd generation Casiopeinas® are presented with the indomethacin ligand that improves their antiproliferative activity. A chitosan–polyacrylamide nanogel presents good encapsulation and release properties for the more efficient compound.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yokari Godínez-Loyola
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, CU Ciudad de México C.P. 04510 Mexico
| | - Jesús Gracia-Mora
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, CU Ciudad de México C.P. 04510 Mexico
| | - Iván D Rojas-Montoya
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, CU Ciudad de México C.P. 04510 Mexico
| | - Luis Felipe Hernández-Ayala
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, CU Ciudad de México C.P. 04510 Mexico
| | - Miguel Reina
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, CU Ciudad de México C.P. 04510 Mexico
| | | | - Luisa Alondra Rascón-Valenzuela
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad de Sonora Boulevard Luis Encinas y Rosales S/N Hermosillo Sonora C.P. 83000 Mexico
| | - Ramón Enrique Robles-Zepeda
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad de Sonora Boulevard Luis Encinas y Rosales S/N Hermosillo Sonora C.P. 83000 Mexico
| | - Virginia Gómez-Vidales
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, CU Ciudad de México C.P. 04510 Mexico
| | - María Josefa Bernad-Bernad
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, CU Ciudad de México C.P. 04510 Mexico
| | - Lena Ruiz-Azuara
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, CU Ciudad de México C.P. 04510 Mexico
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23
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Antoszczak M, Müller S, Cañeque T, Colombeau L, Dusetti N, Santofimia-Castaño P, Gaillet C, Puisieux A, Iovanna JL, Rodriguez R. Iron-Sensitive Prodrugs That Trigger Active Ferroptosis in Drug-Tolerant Pancreatic Cancer Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:11536-11545. [PMID: 35696539 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Persister cancer cells represent rare populations of cells resistant to therapy. Cancer cells can exploit epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity to adopt a drug-tolerant state that does not depend on genetic alterations. Small molecules that can interfere with cell plasticity or kill cells in a cell state-dependent manner are highly sought after. Salinomycin has been shown to kill cancer cells in the mesenchymal state by sequestering iron in lysosomes, taking advantage of the iron addiction of this cell state. Here, we report the chemo- and stereoselective synthesis of a series of structurally complex small molecule chimeras of salinomycin derivatives and the iron-reactive dihydroartemisinin. We show that these chimeras accumulate in lysosomes and can react with iron to release bioactive species, thereby inducing ferroptosis in drug-tolerant pancreatic cancer cells and biopsy-derived organoids of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. This work paves the way toward the development of new cancer medicines acting through active ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Antoszczak
- Department of Chemical Biology, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Sebastian Müller
- Department of Chemical Biology, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Tatiana Cañeque
- Department of Chemical Biology, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Ludovic Colombeau
- Department of Chemical Biology, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Nelson Dusetti
- CRCM, CNRS UMR 7258, INSERM U1068, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Patricia Santofimia-Castaño
- CRCM, CNRS UMR 7258, INSERM U1068, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Christine Gaillet
- Department of Chemical Biology, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Alain Puisieux
- Department of Chemical Biology, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Juan Lucio Iovanna
- CRCM, CNRS UMR 7258, INSERM U1068, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Raphaël Rodriguez
- Department of Chemical Biology, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 3666, INSERM U1143, PSL Université, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
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24
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Markova L, Novohradsky V, Kasparkova J, Ruiz J, Brabec V. Dipyridophenazine iridium(III) complex as a phototoxic cancer stem cell selective, mitochondria targeting agent. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 360:109955. [PMID: 35447138 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the mechanism underlying the anticancer activity of a photoactivatable Ir(III) compound of the type [Ir(CˆN)2(dppz)][PF6] where CˆN = 1-methyl-2-(2'-thienyl)benzimidazole (complex 1) was investigated. Complex 1 photoactivated by visible light shows potent activity against highly aggressive and poorly treatable Rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cells, the most frequent soft tissue sarcomas of children. This remarkable activity of 1 was observed not only in RD cells cultured in 2D monolayers but, more importantly, also in 3D spheroids, which resemble in many aspects solid tumors and serve as a promising model to mimic the in vivo situation. Importantly, photoactivated 1 kills not only differentiated RD cells but also even more effectively cancer stem cells (CSCs) of RD. One of the factors responsible for the activity of irradiated 1 in RD CSCs is its ability to produce ROS in these cells more effectively than in differentiated RD cells. Moreover, photoactivated 1 caused in RD differentiated cells and CSCs a significant decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential and promotes opening mitochondrial permeability transition pores in these cells, a mechanism that has never been demonstrated for any other metal-based anticancer complex. The results of this work give evidence that 1 has a potential for further evaluation using in vivo models as a promising chemotherapeutic agent for photodynamic therapy of hardly treatable human Rhabdomyosarcoma, particularly for its activity in both stem and differentiated cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Markova
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Brno, CZ-61265, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Novohradsky
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Brno, CZ-61265, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Kasparkova
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Brno, CZ-61265, Czech Republic
| | - Jose Ruiz
- Departamento de Quimica Inorganica, Universidad de Murcia and Institute for Bio- Health Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), E-30071, Murcia, Spain
| | - Viktor Brabec
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Brno, CZ-61265, Czech Republic.
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Jiang Y, Huo Z, Qi X, Zuo T, Wu Z. Copper-induced tumor cell death mechanisms and antitumor theragnostic applications of copper complexes. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2022; 17:303-324. [PMID: 35060391 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2021-0374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies found that unbalanced copper homeostasis affect tumor growth, causing irreversible damage. Copper can induce multiple forms of cell death, including apoptosis and autophagy, through various mechanisms, including reactive oxygen species accumulation, proteasome inhibition, and antiangiogenesis. Hence, copper in vivo has attracted tremendous attention and is in the research spotlight in the field of tumor treatment. This review first highlights three typical forms of copper's antitumor mechanisms. Then, the development of diverse biomaterials and nanotechnology allowing copper to be fabricated into diverse structures to realize its theragnostic action is discussed. Novel copper complexes and their clinical applications are subsequently described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yicheng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Zhiyi Huo
- Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Xiaole Qi
- Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.,Industrial Technology Innovation Platform, Zhejiang Center for Safety Study of Drug Substances, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Tongmei Zuo
- Industrial Technology Innovation Platform, Zhejiang Center for Safety Study of Drug Substances, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Zhenghong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
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26
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Johnson A, Iffland L, Northcote-Smith J, Singh K, Ortu F, Apfel UP, Suntharalingam K. A bioinspired redox-modulating copper(II)-macrocyclic complex bearing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with anti-cancer stem cell activity. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:5904-5912. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00788f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Copper(II) coordination compounds have been investigated for their anticancer properties for decades, however, none have reached advanced human clinical trials. The poor translation of copper(II) complexes from in vitro studies...
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27
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Passeri G, Northcote-Smith J, Suntharalingam K. Delivery of an immunogenic cell death-inducing copper complex to cancer stem cells using polymeric nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2022; 12:5290-5299. [PMID: 35425564 PMCID: PMC8981415 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08788f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The major cause for cancer related deaths worldwide is tumour relapse and metastasis, both of which have been heavily linked to the existence of cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs are able to escape current treatment regimens, reform tumours, and promote their spread to secondary sites. Recently, our research group reported the first metal-based agent 1 (a copper(ii) compound ligated by a bidentate 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline and a tridentate Schiff base ligand) to potently kill CSCs via cytotoxic and immunogenic mechanisms. Here we show that encapsulation of 1 by polymeric nanoparticles at the appropriate feed (10%, 1 NP10) enhances CSC uptake and improves potency towards bulk cancer cells and CSCs (grown in monolayer and three-dimensional cultures). The nanoparticle formulation triggers a similar cellular response to the payload, which bodes well for further translation. Specifically, the nanoparticle formulation elevates intracellular reactive oxygen species levels, induces ER stress, and evokes damage-associated molecular patterns consistent with immunogenic cell death. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate that polymeric nanoparticles can be used to effectively deliver immunogenic metal complexes into CSCs. In this study we deliver an immunogenic cell death-inducing copper(ii) complex, comprising of 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline and a Schiff base ligand, to breast cancer stem cells.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ginevra Passeri
- School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
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28
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Masuri S, Vaňhara P, Cabiddu MG, Moráň L, Havel J, Cadoni E, Pivetta T. Copper(II) Phenanthroline-Based Complexes as Potential AntiCancer Drugs: A Walkthrough on the Mechanisms of Action. Molecules 2021; 27:49. [PMID: 35011273 PMCID: PMC8746828 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper is an endogenous metal ion that has been studied to prepare a new antitumoral agent with less side-effects. Copper is involved as a cofactor in several enzymes, in ROS production, in the promotion of tumor progression, metastasis, and angiogenesis, and has been found at high levels in serum and tissues of several types of human cancers. Under these circumstances, two strategies are commonly followed in the development of novel anticancer Copper-based drugs: the sequestration of free Copper ions and the synthesis of Copper complexes that trigger cell death. The latter strategy has been followed in the last 40 years and many reviews have covered the anticancer properties of a broad spectrum of Copper complexes, showing that the activity of these compounds is often multi factored. In this work, we would like to focus on the anticancer properties of mixed Cu(II) complexes bearing substituted or unsubstituted 1,10-phenanthroline based ligands and different classes of inorganic and organic auxiliary ligands. For each metal complex, information regarding the tested cell lines and the mechanistic studies will be reported and discussed. The exerted action mechanisms were presented according to the auxiliary ligand/s, the metallic centers, and the increasing complexity of the compound structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiano Masuri
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (M.G.C.); (E.C.); (T.P.)
| | - Petr Vaňhara
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic;
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, 65691 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Maria Grazia Cabiddu
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (M.G.C.); (E.C.); (T.P.)
| | - Lukáš Moráň
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic;
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 65653 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Havel
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, 65691 Brno, Czech Republic;
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Enzo Cadoni
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (M.G.C.); (E.C.); (T.P.)
| | - Tiziana Pivetta
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (M.G.C.); (E.C.); (T.P.)
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29
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Ramos-Inza S, Ruberte AC, Sanmartín C, Sharma AK, Plano D. NSAIDs: Old Acquaintance in the Pipeline for Cancer Treatment and Prevention─Structural Modulation, Mechanisms of Action, and Bright Future. J Med Chem 2021; 64:16380-16421. [PMID: 34784195 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The limitations of current chemotherapeutic drugs are still a major issue in cancer treatment. Thus, targeted multimodal therapeutic approaches need to be strategically developed to successfully control tumor growth and prevent metastatic burden. Inflammation has long been recognized as a hallmark of cancer and plays a key role in the tumorigenesis and progression of the disease. Several epidemiological, clinical, and preclinical studies have shown that traditional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) exhibit anticancer activities. This Perspective reports the most recent outcomes for the treatment and prevention of different types of cancers for several NSAIDs alone or in combination with current chemotherapeutic drugs. Furthermore, an extensive review of the most promising structural modifications is reported, such as phospho, H2S, and NO releasing-, selenium-, metal complex-, and natural product-NSAIDs, among others. We also provide a perspective about the new strategies used to obtain more efficient NSAID- or NSAID derivative- formulations for targeted delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Ramos-Inza
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea 3, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ana Carolina Ruberte
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea 3, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carmen Sanmartín
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea 3, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Arun K Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State Cancer Institute, CH72, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, United States
| | - Daniel Plano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea 3, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
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30
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Balsa LM, Rodriguez MR, Parajón-Costa BS, González-Baró AC, Lavecchia MJ, León IE. Anticancer Activity and Mechanism of Action Evaluation of an Acylhydrazone Cu(II) Complex toward Breast Cancer Cells, Spheroids, and Mammospheres. ChemMedChem 2021; 17:e202100520. [PMID: 34750978 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this work was to screen the anticancer activity and mechanisms of action of Cu(II)-acylhydrazone complex [Cu(HL)(H2 O)](NO3 )⋅H2 O, (CuHL), to find a potential novel agent for breast chemotherapies. Cytotoxicity studies on MCF7 cells demonstrated that CuHL has stronger anticancer properties than cisplatin over breast cancer cell models. Computational simulations showed that CuHL could interact in the minor groove of the DNA dodecamer, inducing a significant genotoxic effect on both cancer cells from 0.5 to 1 μM. In this sense, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations showed that the compound could interact with 20S proteasome subunits. Also, cell proteasome experiments using breast cancer cells revealed that the complex can inhibit proteasomal activity. Moreover, CuHL induced apoptosis in breast cancer cells at very low micromolar concentrations (0.5-2.5 μM) and displayed relevant anticancer activity over spheroids derived from MCF7 cells. Ultimately, CuHL diminished the number of mammospheres formed, disturbing their morphology and size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia M Balsa
- Centro de Química Inorgánica (CEQUINOR, CONICET-UNLP), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Bvd. 120 N°1465, B1900AVV, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Maria R Rodriguez
- Centro de Química Inorgánica (CEQUINOR, CONICET-UNLP), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Bvd. 120 N°1465, B1900AVV, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Beatriz S Parajón-Costa
- Centro de Química Inorgánica (CEQUINOR, CONICET-UNLP), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Bvd. 120 N°1465, B1900AVV, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Ana C González-Baró
- Centro de Química Inorgánica (CEQUINOR, CONICET-UNLP), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Bvd. 120 N°1465, B1900AVV, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Martin J Lavecchia
- Centro de Química Inorgánica (CEQUINOR, CONICET-UNLP), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Bvd. 120 N°1465, B1900AVV, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Ignacio E León
- Centro de Química Inorgánica (CEQUINOR, CONICET-UNLP), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Bvd. 120 N°1465, B1900AVV, La Plata, Argentina
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31
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Li Y, Liu B, Shi H, Wang Y, Sun Q, Zhang Q. Metal complexes against breast cancer stem cells. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:14498-14512. [PMID: 34591055 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02909f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
With the highest incidence, breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths among women in the world. Tumor metastasis is the major contributor of high mortality in breast cancer, and the existence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) has been proven to be the cause of tumor metastasis. CSCs are a small proportion of tumor cells, and they are associated with self-renewal and tumorigenic potential. Given the significance of CSCs in tumor initiation, expansion, relapse, resistance, and metastasis, studies should investigate and discover effective anticancer agents that can not only inhibit the proliferation of differentiated tumor cells but also reduce the tumorigenic capability of CSCs. Thus, new therapies must be discovered to treat and prevent this severely hazardous disease of human beings. The success of platinum complexes in cancer treatment has laid the basic foundation for the utilization of metal complexes in the treatment of malignant cancers, in particular the highly aggressive triple-negative breast cancer. Importantly, metal complexes currently have diverse and versatile competences in the therapeutic targeting of CSCs. The anti-CSC properties provide a strong impetus for the development of novel metal-based compounds for the targeting of CSCs and treatment of chemotherapy-resistant and relapsed tumors. In this review, we provide the latest advances in metal complexes including platinum, ruthenium, osmium, iridium, manganese, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, palladium, and tin complexes against breast CSCs obtained over the past decade, with pertinent literature including those published until 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingsi Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, International Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China.
| | - Boxin Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, International Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China.
| | - Hongdong Shi
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China.
| | - Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials of MOE, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Qi Sun
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, International Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China.
| | - Qianling Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China.
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32
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Design concepts of half-sandwich organoruthenium anticancer agents based on bidentate bioactive ligands. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.213950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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33
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Deb J, Lakshman TR, Ghosh I, Jana SS, Paine TK. Mechanistic studies of in vitro anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory activities of the Zn(ii)-NSAID complexes of 1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dione in MDA-MB-231 cells. Dalton Trans 2021; 49:11375-11384. [PMID: 32766641 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01721c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Two zinc(ii)-NSAID complexes [(phendione)ZnII(NPR)2(H2O)2] (1) and [(phendione)ZnII(MFN)2] (2) (HNPR = naproxen and HMFN = mefenamic acid) of 1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dione (phendione) were isolated and characterized to evaluate their potential as anti-cancer agents. Each of the complexes contains two equivalents of NSAID per zinc(ii)-phendione unit. The complexes are stable in solution under cell culture conditions. Cytotoxic assay on the human breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231) reveals that the anti-proliferative activity of phendione is retained in both the complexes. The anti-inflammatory properties of NSAIDs are also preserved in the metal complexes as evident from the PGE2 assay. Both 1 and 2 exhibit selective COX-1 inhibition at a low concentration. Furthermore, the zinc(ii)-naproxen complex (1) disrupts the intercellular bridges displaying in vitro delay in cellular migration and down-regulation of EMT-related genes. The mechanistic studies indicate that the ternary complexes are more active compared to cisplatin and have the potential to overcome cisplatin resistance in MDA MB 231 cells. These findings demonstrate that the zinc(ii)-NSAID complexes are worthy of further in vivo studies for their promising anti-tumor potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolly Deb
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Triloke Ranjan Lakshman
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Ivy Ghosh
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Siddhartha Sankar Jana
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Tapan Kanti Paine
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India.
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Johnson A, Iffland L, Singh K, Apfel UP, Suntharalingam K. A dithiacyclam-coordinated silver(i) polymer with anti-cancer stem cell activity. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:5779-5783. [PMID: 33890607 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt01155c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A cancer stem cell (CSC) active, solution stable, silver(i) polymeric complex bearing a dithiacyclam ligand is reported. The complex displays similar potency towards CSCs to salinomycin in monolayer and three-dimensional cultures. Mechanistic studies suggest CSC death results from cytosol entry, an increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species, and caspase-dependent apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Johnson
- School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK.
| | - Linda Iffland
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Anorganische Chemie I, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
| | - Kuldip Singh
- School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK.
| | - Ulf-Peter Apfel
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Anorganische Chemie I, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany. and Fraunhofer UMSICHT, Osterfelder Str. 3, 46047 Oberhausen, Germany
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35
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Northcote‐Smith J, Kaur P, Suntharalingam K. A Cancer Stem Cell Potent Copper(II) Complex with a
S
,
N
,
S
‐Schiff base Ligand and Bathophenanthroline. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Pooja Kaur
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation Imperial College London London UK
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Xiao Z, Johnson A, Singh K, Suntharalingam K. The Discrete Breast Cancer Stem Cell Mammosphere Activity of Group 10‐Bis(azadiphosphine) Metal Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202014242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyin Xiao
- School of Chemistry University of Leicester Leicester UK
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering Jiaxing University Jiaxing China
| | - Alice Johnson
- School of Chemistry University of Leicester Leicester UK
| | - Kuldip Singh
- School of Chemistry University of Leicester Leicester UK
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37
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Pinho JO, da Silva IV, Amaral JD, Rodrigues CMP, Casini A, Soveral G, Gaspar MM. Therapeutic potential of a copper complex loaded in pH-sensitive long circulating liposomes for colon cancer management. Int J Pharm 2021; 599:120463. [PMID: 33711474 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal carcinoma is a complex malignancy and current therapies are hampered by systemic toxicity and tumor resistance to treatment. In the field of cancer therapy, copper (Cu) compounds hold great promise, with some reaching clinical trials. However, the anticancer potential of Cu complexes has not yet been fully disclosed due to speciation in biological systems, leading to inactivation and/or potential side effects. This is the case of the widely studied Cu(II) complexes featuring phenanthroline ligands, with potent antiproliferative effects in vitro, but often failing in vivo. Aiming to overcome these limitations and maximize its anticancer effects in vivo, the Cu(II) complex (Cu(1,10-phenanthroline)Cl2) (Cuphen), displaying IC50 values <6 μM against different tumor cell lines, was loaded in long circulating liposomes with pH-sensitive properties (F1, DMPC:CHEMS:DSPE-PEG; F2, DOPE:CHEMS:DMPC:DSPE-PEG). This enabled a pH-dependent Cuphen release, with F1 and F2 releasing 36/78% and 47/94% of Cuphen at pH 6/4.5, respectively. The so formed nanoformulations preserved Cuphen effects towards cancer cell lines, with F2 presenting IC50 of 2.7 μM and 4.9 μM towards colon cancer CT-26 and HCT-116 cells, respectively. Additional in vitro studies confirmed that Cuphen antiproliferative activity towards colon cancer cells does not rely on cell cycle effect. Furthermore, in these cells, Cuphen reduced glycerol permeation and impaired cell migration. At 24 h incubation, wound closure was reduced by Cuphen, with migration values of 29% vs 54% (control) and 45% (1,10-phenanthroline) in CT-26 cells, and 33% vs ~44% (control and 1,10-phenanthroline) in HCT-116 cells. These effects were probably due to inhibition of aquaglyceroporins, membrane water and glycerol channels that are often abnormally expressed in tumors. In a syngeneic murine colon cancer model, F2 significantly reduced tumor progression, compared to the control group and to mice treated with free Cuphen or with the ligand, 1,10-phenanthroline, without eliciting toxic side effects. F2 led to a tumor volume reduction of ca. 50%. This was confirmed by RTV analysis, where F2 reached a value of 1.3 vs 4.4 (Control), 5.8 (Phen) and 3.8 (free Cuphen). These results clearly demonstrated the important role of the Cu(II) for the observed biological activity that was maximized following the association to a lipid-based nanosystem. Overall, this study represents a step forward in the development of pH-sensitive nanotherapeutic strategies of metallodrugs for colon cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacinta O Pinho
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Inês V da Silva
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joana D Amaral
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cecília M P Rodrigues
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Angela Casini
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching b. München, Germany.
| | - Graça Soveral
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - M Manuela Gaspar
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
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Synthesis and crystal structures of cytotoxic mixed-ligand copper(II) complexes with alkyl tetrazole and polypyridine derivatives. Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.120169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Xiao Z, Johnson A, Singh K, Suntharalingam K. The Discrete Breast Cancer Stem Cell Mammosphere Activity of Group 10-Bis(azadiphosphine) Metal Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:6704-6709. [PMID: 33274606 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202014242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We report the anti-breast cancer stem cell (CSC) properties of a series of Group 10-bis(azadiphosphine) complexes 1-3 under exclusively three-dimensional cell culture conditions. The breast CSC mammosphere potency of 1-3 is dependent on the Group 10 metal present, increasing in the following order: 1 (nickel complex) <2 (palladium complex) <3 (platinum complex). Notably, 3 reduces the formation and size of mammospheres to a greater extent than salinomycin, an established CSC-active compound, or any reported anti-CSC metal complex tested under similar conditions. Mechanistic studies suggest that the most effective complexes 2 and 3 readily penetrate CSC mammospheres, enter CSC nuclei, induce genomic DNA damage, and trigger caspase-dependent apoptosis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to systematically probe the anti-CSC activity of a series of structurally related Group 10 complexes and to be conducted entirely using three-dimensional CSC culture conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyin Xiao
- School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.,College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Alice Johnson
- School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Kuldip Singh
- School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
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Breast Cancer Stem Cell Active Copper(II) Complexes with Naphthol Schiff Base and Polypyridyl Ligands. INORGANICS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics9010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a sub-population of tumour cells that can promote breast cancer relapse and metastasis. Current treatments are unable to completely remove breast CSCs, therefore it is essential to develop new chemotherapeutics that can remove breast CSCs at clinically compatible doses. Here we present the synthesis, characterisation, and anti-breast CSC properties of copper(II) complexes, [Cu(L2)(1,10-phenanthroline)]PF6 (2) and [Cu(L3)(1,10-phenanthroline)]PF6 (3) comprising of a tridentate (O,N,S) coordinated naphthol Schiff base ligand (L2 = (E)-1-(((2-(methylthio)ethyl)imino)methyl)naphthalen-2-ol or L3 = (E)-1-(((2-(ethylthio)ethyl)imino)methyl)naphthalen-2-ol and 1,10-phenanthroline. The copper(II) complexes (2 and 3) kill breast CSCs, cultured in monolayer and three-dimensional systems, in the micromolar range. Notably, 2 and 3 are more potent towards breast CSC mammospheres than salinomycin (up to 4.5-fold), an established anti-breast CSC agent. Further, cell-based studies indicate that 2 and 3 are readily taken up by breast CSCs and elevate intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels upon short exposure times (0.5–1 h). The latter is likely to be the underlying mechanism by which 2 and 3 induces breast CSC death.
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Vigueras G, Markova L, Novohradsky V, Marco A, Cutillas N, Kostrhunova H, Kasparkova J, Ruiz J, Brabec V. A photoactivated Ir(iii) complex targets cancer stem cells and induces secretion of damage-associated molecular patterns in melanoma cells characteristic of immunogenic cell death. Inorg Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qi00856k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The new iridium complex selectively targets cancer stem cells and has potential to induce immunogenic cell death in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Vigueras
- Departamento de Quimica Inorganica, Universidad de Murcia and Institute for Bio-Health Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), E-30071 Murcia, Spain
| | - Lenka Markova
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Kralovopolska 135, CZ-61265 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Novohradsky
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Kralovopolska 135, CZ-61265 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Alicia Marco
- Departamento de Quimica Inorganica, Universidad de Murcia and Institute for Bio-Health Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), E-30071 Murcia, Spain
| | - Natalia Cutillas
- Departamento de Quimica Inorganica, Universidad de Murcia and Institute for Bio-Health Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), E-30071 Murcia, Spain
| | - Hana Kostrhunova
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Kralovopolska 135, CZ-61265 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Kasparkova
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Kralovopolska 135, CZ-61265 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - José Ruiz
- Departamento de Quimica Inorganica, Universidad de Murcia and Institute for Bio-Health Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), E-30071 Murcia, Spain
| | - Viktor Brabec
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Kralovopolska 135, CZ-61265 Brno, Czech Republic
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Porchia M, Pellei M, Del Bello F, Santini C. Zinc Complexes with Nitrogen Donor Ligands as Anticancer Agents. Molecules 2020; 25:E5814. [PMID: 33317158 PMCID: PMC7763991 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25245814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The search for anticancer metal-based drugs alternative to platinum derivatives could not exclude zinc derivatives due to the importance of this metal for the correct functioning of the human body. Zinc, the second most abundant trace element in the human body, is one of the most important micro-elements essential for human physiology. Its ubiquity in thousands of proteins and enzymes is related to its chemical features, in particular its lack of redox activity and its ability to support different coordination geometries and to promote fast ligands exchange. Analogously to other trace elements, the impairment of its homeostasis can lead to various diseases and in some cases can be also related to cancer development. However, in addition to its physiological role, zinc can have beneficial therapeutic and preventive effects on infectious diseases and, compared to other metal-based drugs, Zn(II) complexes generally exert lower toxicity and offer few side effects. Zinc derivatives have been proposed as antitumor agents and, among the great number of zinc coordination complexes which have been described so far, this review focuses on the design, synthesis and biological studies of zinc complexes comprising N-donor ligands and that have been reported within the last five years.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maura Pellei
- Chemistry Division, School of Science and Technology, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy;
| | - Fabio Del Bello
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy;
| | - Carlo Santini
- Chemistry Division, School of Science and Technology, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy;
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Zehra S, Gómez-Ruiz S, Siddique HR, Tabassum S, Arjmand F. Water soluble ionic Co(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) diimine-glycinate complexes targeted to tRNA: structural description, in vitro comparative binding, cleavage and cytotoxic studies towards chemoresistant prostate cancer cells. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:16830-16848. [PMID: 33179662 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt02657c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Four new water soluble Co(ii), Cu(ii) and Zn(ii) ionic metal complexes (1-4) [Cu(diimine)(H2O)2(glycinate)]+[glycinate]-, [Co(diimine)(H2O)4]+[glycinate]- and [Zn(diimine) (H2O)4]+[glycinate]-, where diimine = 2,2'-bipyridine (1-3) and 1,10-phenanthroline (4) were synthesized and thoroughly characterized by spectroscopic and single X-ray crystallographic studies. Complex 1 possesses a triclinic crystal system with a penta-coordinated geometry whereas complexes 2-4 crystallized in an isostructural monoclinic system having distorted octahedral geometry. Density functional theory (DFT) studies for complexes 1-4 were performed to correlate their geometrical parameters and to calculate the energy of frontier molecular orbitals. The corroborative results of spectroscopic and voltammetric studies with ct-DNA and tRNA revealed that the complexes bind noncovalently via an electrostatic mode of binding with specificity for tRNA as compared to ct-DNA. Gel electrophoresis experiments revealed that all the complexes unwind the plasmid pBR322 DNA at low micromolar concentrations (2-9 μM) following an oxidative mechanism for Cu(ii) and Co(ii) complexes (1, 2 and 4) whereas the Zn(ii) complex (3) mediates DNA cleavage by the hydrolytic pathway. The tRNA cleavage showed concentration and time dependent activity of the complexes to promote RNA hydrolysis. Furthermore, the BSA binding ability of complexes 1-4 was monitored, which revealed that the complexes could quench the intrinsic fluorescence in a static manner. Complexes 1-4 were found to be non-toxic towards normal prostate epithelial cells, PNT2, but were potent against chemoresistant metastatic prostate cancer cells, Du145, with GI50 values ranging from 12.75-37 μM. Complexes 1 and 2 also showed cytotoxic activity against cancer stem cells having GI50 values of 14.70 and 14.90 μM, respectively. Molecular docking studies were performed with DNA and tRNA which further validated the spectroscopic analysis demonstrating the higher binding affinity of the complexes towards tRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siffeen Zehra
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, U.P., India-202002.
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Eskandari A, Kundu A, Johnson A, Karmakar S, Ghosh S, Suntharalingam K. A tri-metallic palladium complex with breast cancer stem cell potency. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:4211-4215. [PMID: 32186576 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt00006j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A multi-nuclear, triangular-shaped palladium(ii) complex is shown to equipotently kill bulk cancer cells and cancer stem cells (CSCs) in the micromolar range. The palladium(ii) complex evokes CSC apoptosis by entering CSC nuclei and damaging genomic DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alice Johnson
- School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
| | - Sanjib Karmakar
- Department of Chemistry, Gauhati University, Guwahati, India.
| | - Sushobhan Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Gauhati University, Guwahati, India.
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Badalanloo K, Naji T, Ahmadi R. Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Effects of Celecoxib and Topotecan on AGS and HEK 293 Cell Lines. J Gastrointest Cancer 2020; 53:99-104. [PMID: 33200341 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-020-00434-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study is aimed to assess the anti-cancer effects of Celecoxib and topotecan against Human Gastric cancer cell line (AGS) in comparison to the control in an in-vitro study. METHODS In this experimental study, Celecoxib and topotecan was prepared at concentrations of 500, 250, 125, 62.5, 31.2, 15.6 and 7.8 mg/ml. The effect of celecoxib and topotecan separately and in mixed form were investigated on AGS and normal HEK cells. To investigate the cell survival, MTT method was used to study the pathway of apoptosis using flowcytometry and Caspase kits based on colorimetric. Finally, one-way ANOVA and t-test were used to analyze the data. RESULTS The results of this study indicated that Celecoxib was cytotoxic against AGS and HEK cell lines. The topotecan indicated a significant cytotoxicity against AGS cells and was not toxic against HEK cell line. Our results indicated that Celecoxib and topotecan have synergist effects against AGS and HEK cell lines and were more effective than separate celecoxib or topotecan. CONCLUSION The mixture of clecoxib and topotecan was more effective than celecoxib and topotecan in separate form. Our results indicated that use mixed forms of treatments can cause excellent therapeutic effects and can cause less side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimia Badalanloo
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahereh Naji
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Rahim Ahmadi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Hamadan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamadan, Iran
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Feld CJ, Johnson A, Xiao Z, Suntharalingam K. Breast Cancer Stem Cell Potency of Nickel(II)-Polypyridyl Complexes Containing Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs. Chemistry 2020; 26:14011-14017. [PMID: 32485001 PMCID: PMC7702150 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
We report the breast cancer stem cell (CSC) potency of two nickel(II)-3,4,7,8-tetramethyl-1,10-phenanthroline complexes, 1 and 3, containing the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), naproxen and indomethacin, respectively. The nickel(II) complexes, 1 and 3 kill breast CSCs and bulk breast cancer cells in the micromolar range. Notably, 1 and 3 display comparable or better potency towards breast CSCs than salinomycin, an established CSC-active agent. The complexes, 1 and 3 also display significantly lower toxicity towards non-cancerous epithelial breast cells than breast CSCs or bulk breast cancer cells (up to 4.6-fold). Mechanistic studies suggest that 1 and 3 downregulate cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in breast CSCs and kill breast CSCs in a COX-2 dependent manner. Furthermore, the potency of 1 and 3 towards breast CSCs decreased upon co-treatment with necroptosis inhibitors (necrostatin-1 and dabrafenib), implying that 1 and 3 induce necroptosis, an ordered form of necrosis, in breast CSCs. As apoptosis resistance is a hallmark of CSCs, compounds like 1 and 3, which potentially provide access to alternative (non-apoptotic) cell death pathways could hold the key to overcoming hard-to-kill CSCs. To the best of our knowledge, 1 and 3 are the first compounds to be associated to COX-2 inhibition and necroptosis induction in CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alice Johnson
- School of ChemistryUniversity of LeicesterLeicesterLE1 7RHUK
| | - Zhiyin Xiao
- School of ChemistryUniversity of LeicesterLeicesterLE1 7RHUK
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Kaur P, Johnson A, Northcote-Smith J, Lu C, Suntharalingam K. Immunogenic Cell Death of Breast Cancer Stem Cells Induced by an Endoplasmic Reticulum-Targeting Copper(II) Complex. Chembiochem 2020; 21:3618-3624. [PMID: 32776422 PMCID: PMC7757018 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Immunogenic cell death (ICD) offers a method of stimulating the immune system to attack and remove cancer cells. We report a copper(II) complex containing a Schiff base ligand and a polypyridyl ligand, 4, capable of inducing ICD in breast cancer stem cells (CSCs). Complex 4 kills both bulk breast cancer cells and breast CSCs at sub‐micromolar concentrations. Notably, 4 exhibits greater potency (one order of magnitude) towards breast CSCs than salinomycin (an established breast CSC‐potent agent) and cisplatin (a clinically approved anticancer drug). Epithelial spheroid studies show that 4 is able to selectively inhibit breast CSC‐enriched HMLER‐shEcad spheroid formation and viability over non‐tumorigenic breast MCF10 A spheroids. Mechanistic studies show that 4 operates as a Type II ICD inducer. Specifically, 4 readily enters the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of breast CSCs, elevates intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, induces ER stress, evokes damage‐associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), and promotes breast CSC phagocytosis by macrophages. As far as we are aware, 4 is the first metal complex to induce ICD in breast CSCs and promote their engulfment by immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Kaur
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London The Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Alice Johnson
- School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
| | | | - Chunxin Lu
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, 56 South Yuexiu Road, Jiaxing, 314001 Zhejiang, P. R. China
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Dasari S, Maparu AK, Abbas Z, Kumar P, Birla H, Sivakumar S, Patra AK. Bimetallic Europium and Terbium Complexes Containing Substituted Terpyridines and the NSAID Drug Tolfenamic Acid: Structural Differences, Luminescence Properties, and Theranostic Applications. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Srikanth Dasari
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; 208016 Kanpur Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Auhin Kumar Maparu
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Center for Environmental Science and Engineering; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; 208016 Kanpur Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Zafar Abbas
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; 208016 Kanpur Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Priyaranjan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; 208016 Kanpur Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Hariom Birla
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; 208016 Kanpur Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Sri Sivakumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Center for Environmental Science and Engineering; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; 208016 Kanpur Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Ashis K. Patra
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur; 208016 Kanpur Uttar Pradesh India
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Marian E, Duteanu N, Vicas L, Rusu G, Jurca T, Muresan M, Micle O, Hangan AC, Stan RL, Ionescu C, Sevastre B, Páll E. Synthesis, characterization of inclusion compounds of amygdalin with β-cyclodextrin and sod-like activity and cytotoxicity on hela tumor cells. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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