1
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Kimura T, Nakahodo T. Preparation and Optical and Electrochemical Properties of Boron (III) Octafluorosubphthalocyanines with One Triselenole and One Diselenet Ring. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401628. [PMID: 39031728 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Unsymmetric boron (III) subphthalocyanines with a triselenole ring or a diselenete ring and eight fluoro groups were prepared by the reaction of 5,6-dicyano-4,7-diethylbenzo-[1,2,3]triselenole and tetrafluorophthalonitrile with trichloroborane in xylene. The reaction was accompanied by a contraction of the triselenole ring to the diselenete ring. The substrate, dicyanobenzo[1,2,3]triselenole, was prepared by a new procedure via a photolytic demethylenation reaction of 3,7-diethyl[1,3]diselenolophthalonitrile using a 10 W white LED light. While triselenolosubphthalocyanine was treated by triphenylphosphine to give the diselenete derivative, the reaction of diselenetosubphthalocyanine with Woolion's reagent produced the expanded triselenole ring. The diselenete derivative reacted with tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)platinum to yield the corresponding platinum complex with Se-Pt bonds. Q-band absorption for the products appeared at around λmax=590 nm in the UV-vis spectrum and weak emission was observed at about λe=620 nm. When diselenetosubphthalocyanine was treated with pentachloro antimonate in dichloromethane or sodium metal in hexane/tetrahydrofuran, the solution showed strong ESR signals. The structures of model compounds were optimized using the DFT method with the Gaussian 09 program at the B3LYP/6-31G (d, p) level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kimura
- Center for Instrumental Analysis, Iwate University, Morioka, 020-8551, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Nakahodo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
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2
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Hu Z, Xie J, Yu J, Zhang Y, Cai H, Bai Y, Zhang K, Liu C, Huang F, Cao Y. B─N Covalent Bond-Based Nonfullerene Electron Acceptors for Efficient Organic Solar Cells. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2300381. [PMID: 37798917 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
The optoelectronic properties and photovoltaic performance of nonfullerene electron acceptors (NFEAs) in organic solar cells (OSCs) are greatly influenced by the rational structure regulation of the central core unit. This study introduces a novel type of six-membered fused electron-donating core containing B─N covalent bonds to construct acceptor-donor-acceptor (A-D-A)-type NFEAs. By modulating the branching alkyl chains on the nitrogen atom, two NFEAs, BN910 and BN1014, are synthesized and characterized. Both molecules exhibit strong near-infrared absorption, narrow bandgaps (≈1.45 eV), appropriate energy levels, and tunable molecular packing behaviors, positioning them as promising candidates for efficient NFEAs in OSCs. The investigation reveals that BN1014, with longer and C2-branched alkyl chains, demonstrates superior intermolecular packing and morphology within active layers, leading to enhanced exciton dissociation, improved charge transfer, and reduced charge recombination in OSCs. As a result, a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 10.02% is achieved for D18:BN1014-based binary OSCs. Notably, BN1014 can be utilized as the third component in the D18:DT-Y6 binary system to fabricate the ternary OSCs, and a PCE of 17.65% is achieved, outperforming 17.05% of D18:DT-Y6-based binary OSCs. These findings highlight the potential of heteroarenes featuring B─N covalent bonds for constructing high-efficiency NFEAs in OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengwei Hu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Juxuan Xie
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Jiangkai Yu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Houji Cai
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Yuanqing Bai
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Chunchen Liu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Fei Huang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Yong Cao
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
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3
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Gómez-Gómez M, Labella J, Torres T. Borylated Subphthalocyanines: Versatile Precursors for the Preparation of Functional Bowl-Shaped Aromatics. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301782. [PMID: 37350310 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
The peripheral borylation of porphyrinoids has become a key step to prepare advanced functional materials. This study reports the synthesis, electronic properties, and reactivity of borylated subphthalocyanines. These compounds, which are prepared by Suzuki-Miyaura borylation in excellent yields, are easily purified, display a great stability, and serve as powerful starting materials for the post-functionalization of SubPcs via cross-coupling reactions. Remarkably, this novel approach is more efficient than the methodologies already described and enables the preparation of exotic systems, such as SubPc dimeric species linked by C-C bonds, which are not accessible so far and present promising properties for optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Gómez-Gómez
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, C/ Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Labella
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, C/ Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tomás Torres
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, C/ Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA - Nanociencia, C/ Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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4
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Nenavath S, Duvva N, Kaswan RR, Lim GN, D'Souza F, Giribabu L. Intramolecular Photoinduced Energy and Electron Transfer Reactions in Phenanthroimidazole-Boron Dipyromethane Donor-Acceptor Dyads. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:6779-6790. [PMID: 37540085 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c04141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Donor-acceptor systems in which a donor phenanthroimidazole (PhI) is directly connected to a BODIPY acceptor (Dyad1) and separated by an ethynyl bridge between PhI and BODIPY (Dyad2) have been designed, synthesized, and characterized by various spectroscopic and electrochemical techniques. Optical absorption and 1H NMR characteristics of both dyads with those of constituent individuals suggest that there exists a minimum π-π interaction between phenanthroimidazole and BODIPY. Quenched emission of both the dyads was observed when excited either at phenthaoimidazole absorption maxima or at BODIPY absorption maxima in all three investigated solvents. The detailed spectral analysis provided evidence for an intramolecular photoinduced excitation energy transfer (PEnT) from the singlet excited state of phenanthroimidazole to BODIPY and photoinduced electron transfer (PET) from the ground state of phenanthroimidazole to BODIPY. Transient absorption studies suggest that charge-separated species (PhI•+ - BODIPY•-) are generated at a rate constant of (1.16 ± 0.01) × 108 s-1 for the dyads Dyad1 and (5.15 ± 0.03) × 108 s-1 and for Dyad2 whereas energy transfer rate constants were much higher and were on the order of (1.1 ± 0.02) × 1010 s-1 and (1.6 ± 0.02) × 1010 s-1 for Dyad1 and Dyad2, respectively, signifying their usefulness in light energy harvesting applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swathi Nenavath
- Polymers and Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Naresh Duvva
- Polymers and Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Ram R Kaswan
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, #305070, Denton, Texas 76203-5017, United States
| | - Gary N Lim
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, #305070, Denton, Texas 76203-5017, United States
| | - Francis D'Souza
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, #305070, Denton, Texas 76203-5017, United States
| | - Lingamallu Giribabu
- Polymers and Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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5
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Ivanov EN, Almeida-Marrero V, Koifman OI, Aleksandriiskii VV, Torres T, Islyaikin MK. Synthesis and Characterization of Bulky Substituted Hemihexaphyrazines Bearing 2,6-Diisopropylphenoxy Groups. Molecules 2023; 28:5740. [PMID: 37570710 PMCID: PMC10421089 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
New substituted [30]trithiadodecaazahexaphyrines (hemihexaphyrazines) were synthesized by a crossover condensation of 2,5-diamino-1,3,4-thiadiazole with 4-chloro-5-(2,6-diisopropylphenoxy)- or 4,5-bis-(2,6-diisopropylphenoxy)phthalonitriles. The compounds were characterized by 1H-, 13C-NMR, including COSY, HMBC, and HSQC spectroscopy, MALDI TOF spectrometry, elemental analysis, IR and UV-Vis absorbance and fluorescence techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenii N. Ivanov
- IRLoN, Research Institute of Macroheterocycles, Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, 7, Sheremetievskiy Ave., 153000 Ivanovo, Russia; (E.N.I.); (O.I.K.); (V.V.A.)
- G. A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Akademicheskaya Str., 153045 Ivanovo, Russia
| | - Verónica Almeida-Marrero
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Autonoma University of Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Oskar I. Koifman
- IRLoN, Research Institute of Macroheterocycles, Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, 7, Sheremetievskiy Ave., 153000 Ivanovo, Russia; (E.N.I.); (O.I.K.); (V.V.A.)
- G. A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Akademicheskaya Str., 153045 Ivanovo, Russia
| | - Viktor V. Aleksandriiskii
- IRLoN, Research Institute of Macroheterocycles, Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, 7, Sheremetievskiy Ave., 153000 Ivanovo, Russia; (E.N.I.); (O.I.K.); (V.V.A.)
- G. A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Akademicheskaya Str., 153045 Ivanovo, Russia
| | - Tomas Torres
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Autonoma University of Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Autonoma University of Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)—Nanociencia, c/Faraday 9, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mikhail K. Islyaikin
- IRLoN, Research Institute of Macroheterocycles, Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, 7, Sheremetievskiy Ave., 153000 Ivanovo, Russia; (E.N.I.); (O.I.K.); (V.V.A.)
- G. A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Akademicheskaya Str., 153045 Ivanovo, Russia
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6
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Alsufyani SJ, Alharbi AN, Atta A, Altalhi TA, Refat MS, Alkathiri AA, Ashour A, Hassanien A. A spectroscopic study and the effect of gamma rays on the stability and efficiency of boron subphthalocyanine dye for solar energy applications. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2023.110929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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7
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Labella J, Torres T. Subphthalocyanines: contracted porphyrinoids with expanded applications. TRENDS IN CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trechm.2023.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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8
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Zhou S, Lv X, Li M, Gao Z, Tu S, Qiao S, Mo M, Tang X, Wang Y, Sun S. Synthesis, Optical Properties, and Fluorescence Cell Imaging of Novel Mixed Fluorinated Subphthalocyanines. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020725. [PMID: 36677782 PMCID: PMC9866271 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Subphthalocyanines (SubPcs) are a kind of tripyrrolic macrocycle with a boron atom at their core. Incorporating different units onto the SubPc periphery can endow them with various unique properties. Herein, a series of novel fluorinated low-symmetry SubPc derivatives containing chlorine groups (F8-Cl4-SubPc, F4-Cl8-SubPc) and methoxy groups (F8-(OCH3)2-SubPc) were synthesized and characterized by spectral methods (MS, FT-IR, 1H, 13C, 11B, and 19F NMR spectroscopy), and the effect of the peripheral substituents on their electronic structure of low-symmetry macrocycle was investigated by cyclic voltammetry, theoretical calculation, electronic absorption, and emission spectroscopy. In contrast to perfluorinated SubPcs, these low-symmetry SubPcs revealed non-degenerate LUMO and LUMO + 1 orbitals, especially F8-(OCH3)2-SubPc, which was consistent with the split Q-band absorptions. The cyclic voltammetry revealed that these SubPcs exhibited two or three reduction waves and one oxidation wave, which is consistent with the reported SubPcs. Finally, an intracellular fluorescence imaging study of these compounds revealed that these compounds could enter cancer cells and be entrapped in the lysosomes, which provides a possibility of future applications in lysosome fluorescence imaging and targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shutong Zhou
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xiaojuan Lv
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Minghui Li
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Zijian Gao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Shengnan Tu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Shanshan Qiao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Mengjia Mo
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xu Tang
- Institute for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yemei Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Correspondence: (Y.W.); (S.S.); Tel.: +86-153-6599-6930 (Y.W.)
| | - Shasha Sun
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Correspondence: (Y.W.); (S.S.); Tel.: +86-153-6599-6930 (Y.W.)
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9
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Labella J, Bhowmick DK, Kumar A, Naaman R, Torres T. Easily processable spin filters: exploring the chiral induced spin selectivity of bowl-shaped chiral subphthalocyanines. Chem Sci 2023; 14:4273-4277. [PMID: 37123186 PMCID: PMC10132120 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01069d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein a new class of spin filters based on subphthalocyanines is reported. We measure the CISS effect by means of magnetic conductive probe atomic force microscopy (mc-AFM). Remarkably, the resulting devices show spin polarizations (SPs) as high as ca. 50%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Labella
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Deb Kumar Bhowmick
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Israel
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Israel
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Israel
| | - Tomás Torres
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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10
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Labella J, Lavarda G, Hernández-López L, Aguilar-Galindo F, Díaz-Tendero S, Lobo-Checa J, Torres T. Preparation, Supramolecular Organization, and On-Surface Reactivity of Enantiopure Subphthalocyanines: From Bulk to 2D-Polymerization. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:16579-16587. [PMID: 36052724 PMCID: PMC9479063 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c06377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The development of chiral materials is severely limited by the challenge to achieve enantiopure derivatives with both configurational stability and good optoelectronic properties. Herein we demonstrate that enantiopure subphthalocyanines (SubPcs) fulfill such demanding requirements and bear the prospect of becoming components of chiral technologies. Particularly, we describe the synthesis of enantiopure SubPcs and assess the impact of chirality on aspects as fundamental as the supramolecular organization, the behavior in contact with metallic surfaces, and the on-surface reactivity and polymerization. We find that enantiopure SubPcs remarkably tend to organize in columnar polar assemblies at the solid state and highly ordered chiral superstructures on Au(111) surfaces. At the metal interface, such SubPcs are singled out by scanning tunneling microscopy. DFT calculations suggest that SubPcs undergo a bowl-to-bowl inversion that was shown to be dependent on the axial substituent. Finally, we polymerize by means of on-surface synthesis a highly regular 2D, porous and chiral, π-extended polymer that paves the way to future nanodevice fabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Labella
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Giulia Lavarda
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Leyre Hernández-López
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain.,Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Fernando Aguilar-Galindo
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Donostia-San Sebastián 20018, Spain.,Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Sergio Díaz-Tendero
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain.,Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain.,Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Jorge Lobo-Checa
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain.,Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Tomás Torres
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain.,Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain.,IMDEA Nanociencia, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
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11
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Liu X, Pang S, Zeng L, Deng W, Yang M, Yuan X, Li J, Duan C, Huang F, Cao Y. An electron acceptor featuring a B-N covalent bond and small singlet-triplet gap for organic solar cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:8686-8689. [PMID: 35833246 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc03172h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BNTT2F, an electron acceptor featuring a B-N covalent bond and singlet-triplet gap as low as 0.20 eV via the multiple resonance effect, is developed for organic solar cells. The optimized device based on BNTT2F offered an efficiency of 8.3%, suggesting the great prospect of B-N covalent bond-containing π-conjugated molecules for photovoltaics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyuan Liu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Shuting Pang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Liang Zeng
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Wanyuan Deng
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Mingqun Yang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Xiyue Yuan
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Junyu Li
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems & Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, MB Eindhoven, 5600, The Netherlands
| | - Chunhui Duan
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Fei Huang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Yong Cao
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
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12
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Labella J, Momblona C, Čulík P, López-Serrano E, Kanda H, Nazeeruddin MK, Torres T. Modulating the Electron Transporting Properties of Subphthalocyanines for Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells. Front Chem 2022; 10:886522. [PMID: 35910737 PMCID: PMC9329656 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.886522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The lack of organic non-fullerene ETMs with good electron transport and device stability is an important problem for the further development and commercialization of perovskite solar cells. Herein, the use of SubPcs as ETMs in PSCs is explored. To this end, we analyze the influence of SubPc peripheral functionalization on the efficiency and stability of p-i-n PSCs. Specifically, ETMs based on three SubPcs (with either six or twelve peripheral fluorine and chlorine atoms) have been incorporated into PSCs with the perovskite layer deposited by solution processing (CsFAMAPbIBr). The device performance and morphology of these devices are deeply analyzed using several techniques, and the interfacial effects induced by the SubPcs are studied using photoluminescence and TR-PL. It is observed that the device stability is significantly improved upon insertion the SubPc layer. Moreover, the impact of the SubPc layer-thickness is assessed. Thus, a maximum power conversion efficiency of 13.6% was achieved with the champion device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Labella
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Momblona
- Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional Materials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL Valais Wallis), Sion, Switzerland
| | - Pavel Čulík
- Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional Materials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL Valais Wallis), Sion, Switzerland
| | - Elisa López-Serrano
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hiroyuki Kanda
- Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional Materials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL Valais Wallis), Sion, Switzerland
| | - Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin
- Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional Materials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL Valais Wallis), Sion, Switzerland
| | - Tomás Torres
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
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13
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Lavarda G, Labella J, Martínez-Díaz MV, Rodríguez-Morgade MS, Osuka A, Torres T. Recent advances in subphthalocyanines and related subporphyrinoids. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:9482-9619. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00280a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Subporphyrinoids constitute a class of extremely versatile and attractive compounds. Herein, a comprehensive review of the most recent advances in the fundamentals and applications of these cone-shaped aromatic macrocycles is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Lavarda
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Labella
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Victoria Martínez-Díaz
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Salomé Rodríguez-Morgade
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Atsuhiro Osuka
- Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomás Torres
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, c/Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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14
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Wang Y, Zhang C, Yang B, Yuan L, Gong J, Liu Z, Wu Y, Chen H. The Halogenation Effects of Electron Acceptor ITIC for Organic Photovoltaic Nano-Heterojunctions. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:3417. [PMID: 34947765 PMCID: PMC8708652 DOI: 10.3390/nano11123417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Molecular engineering plays a critical role in the development of electron donor and acceptor materials for improving power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic photovoltaics (OPVs). The halogenated acceptor materials in OPVs have shown high PCE. Here, to investigate the halogenation mechanism and the effects on OPV performances, based on the density functional theory calculations with the optimally tuned screened range-separated hybrid functional and the consideration of solid polarization effects, we addressed the halogenation effects of acceptor ITIC, which were modeled by bis-substituted ITIC with halogen and coded as IT-2X (X = F, Cl, Br), and PBDB-T:ITIC, PBDB-T:IT-2X (X = F, Cl, Br) complexes on their geometries, electronic structures, excitations, electrostatic potentials, and the rate constants of charge transfer, exciton dissociation (ED), and charge recombination processes at the heterojunction interface. The results indicated that halogenation of ITIC slightly affects molecular geometric structures, energy levels, optical absorption spectra, exciton binding energies, and excitation properties. However, the halogenation of ITIC significantly enlarges the electrostatic potential difference between the electron acceptor and donor PBDB-T with the order from fluorination and chlorination to bromination. The halogenation also increases the transferred charges of CT states for the complexes. Meanwhile, the halogenation effects on CT energies and electron process rates depend on different haloid elements. No matter which kinds of haloid elements were introduced in the halogenation of acceptors, the ED is always efficient in these OPV devices. This work provides an understanding of the halogenation mechanism, and is also conducive to the designing of novel materials with the aid of the halogenation strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Applied Physics, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China; (Y.W.); (B.Y.); (L.Y.); (J.G.)
| | - Cairong Zhang
- Department of Applied Physics, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China; (Y.W.); (B.Y.); (L.Y.); (J.G.)
| | - Bing Yang
- Department of Applied Physics, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China; (Y.W.); (B.Y.); (L.Y.); (J.G.)
| | - Lihua Yuan
- Department of Applied Physics, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China; (Y.W.); (B.Y.); (L.Y.); (J.G.)
| | - Jijun Gong
- Department of Applied Physics, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China; (Y.W.); (B.Y.); (L.Y.); (J.G.)
| | - Zijiang Liu
- Department of Physics, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
| | - Youzhi Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China;
| | - Hongshan Chen
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
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15
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Miao J, Wang Y, Liu J, Wang L. Organoboron molecules and polymers for organic solar cell applications. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 51:153-187. [PMID: 34851333 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00974e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Organic solar cells (OSCs) are emerging as a new photovoltaic technology with the great advantages of low cost, light-weight, flexibility and semi-transparency. They are promising for portable energy-conversion products and building-integrated photovoltaics. Organoboron chemistry offers an important toolbox to design novel organic/polymer optoelectronic materials and to tune their optoelectronic properties for OSC applications. At present, organoboron small molecules and polymers have become an important class of organic photovoltaic materials. Power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 16% and 14% have been realized with organoboron polymer electron donors and electron acceptors, respectively. In this review, we summarize the research progress in various kinds of organoboron photovoltaic materials for OSC applications, including organoboron small molecular electron donors, organoboron small molecular electron acceptors, organoboron polymer electron donors and organoboron polymer electron acceptors. This review also discusses how to tune their opto-electronic properties and active layer morphology for enhancing OSC device performance. We also offer our insight into the opportunities and challenges in improving the OSC device performance of organoboron photovoltaic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhui Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China.
| | - Yinghui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China. .,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China.
| | - Lixiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China.
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16
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Tejerina L, Labella J, Martínez-Fernández L, Corral I, Victoria Martínez-Díaz M, Torres T. Subphthalocyaninato Boron(III) Hydride: Synthesis, Structure and Reactivity. Chemistry 2021; 27:12058-12062. [PMID: 34115440 PMCID: PMC8456786 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Subphthalocyanine (SubPc) chemistry has been limited so far by their high sensitivity toward strong nucleophiles. In particular, the substitution of the axial chlorine atom by a nucleophilic group in the case of less-reactive SubPcs, such as those bearing electron-withdrawing peripheral substituents, presents some limitations and requires harsh conditions. By taking advantage of the electrophilic character of DIBAL-H, it has been possible to prepare for the first time SubPc-hydride derivatives that exhibit high reactivity as hydroboration reagents of aldehydes. This hydride transfer requires using a typical carbonyl activator (trimethylsilyl triflate) and only one equivalent of aldehyde, affording SubPcs with an axial benzyloxy group in good yield. This transformation has proven to be a useful alternative method for the axial functionalisation of dodecafluoroSubPc, a paradigmatic SubPc derivative, by using electrophiles for the first time. Considering the increasing interest in SubPcs as electron-acceptor semiconductors with remarkable absorption in the visible range to replace fullerene in organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices, it is of the utmost importance to develop new synthetic methodologies for their axial functionalisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Tejerina
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Labella
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lara Martínez-Fernández
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Inés Corral
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Victoria Martínez-Díaz
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tomás Torres
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,IMDEA-Nanociencia, c/Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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17
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Ding W, Yan L, Cao F, Luo Q. Axial and peripheral tetraarylethylene-modified subphthalocyanines with distinctive fluorescent performances. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.153096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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18
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Chen W, Han B, Hu Q, Gu M, Zhu Y, Yang W, Zhou Y, Luo D, Liu FZ, Cheng R, Zhu R, Feng SP, Djurišić AB, Russell TP, He Z. Interfacial stabilization for inverted perovskite solar cells with long-term stability. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2021; 66:991-1002. [PMID: 36654256 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2021.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) commonly exhibit significant performance degradation due to ion migration through the top charge transport layer and ultimately metal electrode corrosion. Here, we demonstrate an interfacial management strategy using a boron chloride subphthalocyanine (Cl6SubPc)/fullerene electron-transport layer, which not only passivates the interfacial defects in the perovskite, but also suppresses halide diffusion as evidenced by multiple techniques, including visual element mapping by electron energy loss spectroscopy. As a result, we obtain inverted PSCs with an efficiency of 22.0% (21.3% certified), shelf life of 7000 h, T80 of 816 h under damp heat stress (compared to less than 20 h without Cl6SubPc), and initial performance retention of 98% after 2000 h at 80 °C in inert environment, 90% after 2034 h of illumination and maximum power point tracking in ambient for encapsulated devices and 95% after 1272 h outdoor testing ISOS-O-1. Our strategy and results pave a new way to move PSCs forward to their potential commercialization solidly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Full Spectral Solar Electricity Generation (FSSEG), Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bing Han
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Full Spectral Solar Electricity Generation (FSSEG), Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Qin Hu
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Meng Gu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Full Spectral Solar Electricity Generation (FSSEG), Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yudong Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Full Spectral Solar Electricity Generation (FSSEG), Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wenqiang Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yecheng Zhou
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Deying Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Fang-Zhou Liu
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rui Cheng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shien-Ping Feng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Thomas P Russell
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
| | - Zhubing He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Full Spectral Solar Electricity Generation (FSSEG), Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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19
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García-Aboal R, García H, Remiro-Buenamañana S, Atienzar P. Expanding the photoresponse of multidimensional hybrid lead bromide perovskites into the visible region by incorporation of subphthalocyanine. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:6100-6108. [PMID: 33687040 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt04132g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This work explores a new methodology to adsorb a subphthalocyanine molecule (SubPc) on a hybrid lead bromide perovskite crystal structure with the aim of extending its photoresponse into the visible region. This process consists in the preparation of multidimensional 2D-3D perovskites. The use of large organic cations allows the possibility to insert guest molecules in the crystal structure of the perovskite. In this work, layered and 3D materials are obtained modifying the ratio of the organic cations (A/R) in the perovskite structure (RNH3)2An-1BnX3n+1. The present results show that incorporation of metal-free subphthalocyanine in the interlayer space provided by the 2D phase is a valid procedure to enhance the photoresponse of the perovskite solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío García-Aboal
- Instituto Universitario de Tecnología Química CSIC-UPV, Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, Av. de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
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20
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Kimura T, Baba M. Preparation and Optical and Electrochemical Properties of Boron (III) Subphthalocyanines with One to Three Trithiole Rings. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kimura
- Center for Instrumental Analysis Iwate University 4-3-5 Ueda Morioka Iwate 020-8551 Japan
| | - Mizue Baba
- Center for Instrumental Analysis Iwate University 4-3-5 Ueda Morioka Iwate 020-8551 Japan
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21
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Bottari G, de la Torre G, Guldi DM, Torres T. An exciting twenty-year journey exploring porphyrinoid-based photo- and electro-active systems. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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22
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Zirzlmeier J, Lavarda G, Gotfredsen H, Papadopoulos I, Chen L, Clark T, Tykwinski RR, Torres T, Guldi DM. Modulating the dynamics of Förster resonance energy transfer and singlet fission by variable molecular spacers. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:23061-23068. [PMID: 33179680 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr06285e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In contrast to previous work, the synergy between panchromatic absorption and molecular singlet fission (SF) is exploited to optimize solar energy conversion through evaluation of the distance dependence of intramolecular Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (i-FRET) in a series of subphthalocyanines (SubPcs) linked to pentacene dimers (Pnc2s). To provide control over i-FRET, the molecular spacer rather than the energy donating SubPc is tailored in the corresponding SubPc-Pnc2 conjugates in terms of length (i.e., the number of aryl units) and flexibility (i.e., presence or absence of a CH2 group). AM1-CIS calculations support the experiments, which underline the importance of the molecular spacer to impact not only the i-FRET dynamics, but also the dynamics of intramolecular singlet fission (i-SF). For example, an additional phenyl group slows down both i-FRET and i-SF by a factor of ∼3.8 and ∼1.6, respectively, by a quinone-like conjugation pattern that affords a pentacene acceptor orbital that is fairly delocalized over both pentacenes and the bridging phenyl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Zirzlmeier
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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23
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Mayoral MJ, Guilleme J, Calbo J, Aragó J, Aparicio F, Ortí E, Torres T, González-Rodríguez D. Dual-Mode Chiral Self-Assembly of Cone-Shaped Subphthalocyanine Aromatics. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:21017-21031. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c07291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- María J. Mayoral
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Julia Guilleme
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Joaquín Calbo
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Paterna 46980, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan Aragó
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Paterna 46980, Valencia, Spain
| | - Fátima Aparicio
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Enrique Ortí
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Paterna 46980, Valencia, Spain
| | - Tomás Torres
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
- IMDEA Nanociencia, c/Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - David González-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
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24
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Berna BB, Platzer B, Wolf M, Lavarda G, Nardis S, Galloni P, Torres T, Guldi DM, Paolesse R. Panchromatic Light Harvesting and Stabilizing Charge-Separated States in Corrole-Phthalocyanine Conjugates through Coordinating a Subphthalocyanine. Chemistry 2020; 26:13451-13461. [PMID: 32293078 PMCID: PMC7693288 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the electron-donating and -accepting nature of corroles (Corr) and phthalocyanines (Pc), respectively, we designed and developed two novel covalently linked Corr-Pc conjugates. The synthetic route allows the preparation of the target conjugates in satisfying yields. Comprehensive steady-state absorption, fluorescence, and electrochemical assays enabled insights into energy and electron-transfer processes upon photoexcitation. Coordinating a pyridine-appended subphthalocyanine (SubPc) to the Pc of the conjugate sets up the ways and means to realize the first example of an array composed by three different porphyrinoids, which drives a cascade of energy and charge-transfer processes. Importantly, the SubPc assists in stabilizing the charge-separated state, that is, one-electron oxidized Corr and the one electron-reduced Pc, upon photoexcitation by means of a reductive charge transfer to the SubPc. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of an intramolecular oxidation of a Corr within electron-donor-acceptor conjugates by means of just photoexcitation. Moreover, the combination of Corr, Pc, and SubPc guarantees panchromatic absorption across the visible range of the solar spectrum, with the SubPc covering the "green gap" that usually affects porphyrinoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Berionni Berna
- Department of Chemical Science and TechnologiesUniversity of Rome Tor VergataVia della Ricerca Scientifica00133RomeItaly
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaUniversidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de CantoblancoC/ Francisco TomásyValiente 728049MadridSpain
- IMDEA—NanocienciaC/Faraday, 9. Campus de Cantoblanco28049MadridSpain
| | - Benedikt Platzer
- Department of Chemistry and PharmacyInterdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM)Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-NürnbergEgerlandstr. 391058ErlangenGermany
| | - Maximiliam Wolf
- Department of Chemistry and PharmacyInterdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM)Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-NürnbergEgerlandstr. 391058ErlangenGermany
| | - Giulia Lavarda
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaUniversidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de CantoblancoC/ Francisco TomásyValiente 728049MadridSpain
- IMDEA—NanocienciaC/Faraday, 9. Campus de Cantoblanco28049MadridSpain
| | - Sara Nardis
- Department of Chemical Science and TechnologiesUniversity of Rome Tor VergataVia della Ricerca Scientifica00133RomeItaly
| | - Pierluca Galloni
- Department of Chemical Science and TechnologiesUniversity of Rome Tor VergataVia della Ricerca Scientifica00133RomeItaly
| | - Tomás Torres
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaUniversidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de CantoblancoC/ Francisco TomásyValiente 728049MadridSpain
- IMDEA—NanocienciaC/Faraday, 9. Campus de Cantoblanco28049MadridSpain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem)Universidad Autónoma de Madrid28049MadridSpain
| | - Dirk M. Guldi
- Department of Chemistry and PharmacyInterdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM)Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-NürnbergEgerlandstr. 391058ErlangenGermany
| | - Roberto Paolesse
- Department of Chemical Science and TechnologiesUniversity of Rome Tor VergataVia della Ricerca Scientifica00133RomeItaly
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25
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Li P, Liang Q, Hong EYH, Chan CY, Cheng YH, Leung MY, Chan MY, Low KH, Wu H, Yam VWW. Boron(iii) β-diketonate-based small molecules for functional non-fullerene polymer solar cells and organic resistive memory devices. Chem Sci 2020; 11:11601-11612. [PMID: 34094407 PMCID: PMC8162878 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc04047a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A class of acceptor-donor-acceptor chromophoric small-molecule non-fullerene acceptors, 1-4, with difluoroboron(iii) β-diketonate (BF2bdk) as the electron-accepting moiety has been developed. Through the variation of the central donor unit and the modification on the peripheral substituents of the terminal BF2bdk acceptor unit, their photophysical and electrochemical properties have been systematically studied. Taking advantage of their low-lying lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy levels (from -3.65 to -3.72 eV) and relatively high electron mobility (7.49 × 10-4 cm2 V-1 s-1), these BF2bdk-based compounds have been employed as non-fullerene acceptors in organic solar cells with maximum power conversion efficiencies of up to 4.31%. Moreover, bistable resistive memory characteristics with charge-trapping mechanisms have been demonstrated in these BF2bdk-based compounds. This work not only demonstrates for the first time the use of a boron(iii) β-diketonate unit in constructing non-fullerene acceptors, but also provides more insights into designing organic materials with multi-functional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Li
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Quanbin Liang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Eugene Yau-Hin Hong
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Chin-Yiu Chan
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Yat-Hin Cheng
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Ming-Yi Leung
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Mei-Yee Chan
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Kam-Hung Low
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Hongbin Wu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Vivian Wing-Wah Yam
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P. R. China
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26
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Raboui H, Josey DS, Jin Y, Bender TP. Initial Engineering and Outdoor Stability Assessment of "Gray/Black" Fullerene-Free Organic Photovoltaics Based on Only Two Complementary Absorbing Materials: A Tetrabenzotriazacorrole and a Subphthalocyanine. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:25264-25272. [PMID: 33043204 PMCID: PMC7542850 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c03474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Broad absorption is a desired characteristic of materials employed in the photoactive layers of organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices. Here, we have identified tetrabenzotriazacorroles (Tbcs) as complementary absorbing chromophores and electron donors to the promising nonfullerene acceptors boron subphthalocyanines (BsubPcs). These two materials, which can be utilized as donor-acceptor pairs within fullerene-free OPVs, yield spectral coverage over the entire visible range of 300-750 nm. Oxy phosphorus Tbc derivative (POTbc) was employed as an electron donor and paired initially with multiple BsubPc derivatives having a distribution of highest occupied molecular orbital/lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy levels in planar heterojunction OPVs. These devices were "gray/black" due to the broad absorption across the visible spectrum. Upon screening, the partially halogenated chloro hexachloro BsubPc (Cl-Cl6BsubPc) showed the greatest promise for coupling with POTbc. The thickness ratio and total thickness of the active layer were then probed in order to identify the optical and electrical limitations on the POTbc/Cl-Cl6BsubPc-based OPV device. A maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 2.13% was achieved at 60 nm total thickness of the active layer and 1 to 3 (POTbc to Cl-Cl6BsubPc) thickness ratio. Outdoor stability of the champion device was evaluated using protocols established by International Summits on OPV Stability and was found to be on par with an α-sexithiophene/Cl-Cl6BsubPc baseline OPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Raboui
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - David S. Josey
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Yin Jin
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Timothy P. Bender
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Toronto, 184 College
St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E4, Canada
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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27
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Wang G, Feng LW, Huang W, Mukherjee S, Chen Y, Shen D, Wang B, Strzalka J, Zheng D, Melkonyan FS, Yan J, Stoddart JF, Fabiano S, DeLongchamp DM, Zhu M, Facchetti A, Marks TJ. Mixed-flow design for microfluidic printing of two-component polymer semiconductor systems. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:17551-17557. [PMID: 32647062 PMCID: PMC7395453 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2000398117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The rational creation of two-component conjugated polymer systems with high levels of phase purity in each component is challenging but crucial for realizing printed soft-matter electronics. Here, we report a mixed-flow microfluidic printing (MFMP) approach for two-component π-polymer systems that significantly elevates phase purity in bulk-heterojunction solar cells and thin-film transistors. MFMP integrates laminar and extensional flows using a specially microstructured shear blade, designed with fluid flow simulation tools to tune the flow patterns and induce shear, stretch, and pushout effects. This optimizes polymer conformation and semiconducting blend order as assessed by atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), grazing incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS), resonant soft X-ray scattering (R-SoXS), photovoltaic response, and field effect mobility. For printed all-polymer (poly[(5,6-difluoro-2-octyl-2H-benzotriazole-4,7-diyl)-2,5-thiophenediyl[4,8-bis[5-(2-hexyldecyl)-2-thienyl]benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene-2,6-diyl]-2,5-thiophenediyl]) [J51]:(poly{[N,N'-bis(2-octyldodecyl)naphthalene-1,4,5,8-bis(dicarboximide)-2,6-diyl]-alt-5,5'-(2,2'-bithiophene)}) [N2200]) solar cells, this approach enhances short-circuit currents and fill factors, with power conversion efficiency increasing from 5.20% for conventional blade coating to 7.80% for MFMP. Moreover, the performance of mixed polymer ambipolar [poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT):N2200] and semiconducting:insulating polymer unipolar (N2200:polystyrene) transistors is similarly enhanced, underscoring versatility for two-component π-polymer systems. Mixed-flow designs offer modalities for achieving high-performance organic optoelectronics via innovative printing methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, International Joint Laboratory for Advanced Fiber and Low-Dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Light Energy Activated Redox Processes, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
- Center for Hierarchical Materials Design, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Liang-Wen Feng
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Light Energy Activated Redox Processes, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
- Center for Hierarchical Materials Design, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Light Energy Activated Redox Processes, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
- Center for Hierarchical Materials Design, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Subhrangsu Mukherjee
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899
| | - Yao Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Light Energy Activated Redox Processes, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
- Center for Hierarchical Materials Design, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Dengke Shen
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Light Energy Activated Redox Processes, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Binghao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Light Energy Activated Redox Processes, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
- Center for Hierarchical Materials Design, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Joseph Strzalka
- X-Ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439
| | - Ding Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Light Energy Activated Redox Processes, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Ferdinand S Melkonyan
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Light Energy Activated Redox Processes, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Jinhui Yan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
| | - J Fraser Stoddart
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Light Energy Activated Redox Processes, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Simone Fabiano
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Light Energy Activated Redox Processes, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-60174 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Dean M DeLongchamp
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899;
| | - Meifang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, International Joint Laboratory for Advanced Fiber and Low-Dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China;
| | - Antonio Facchetti
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Light Energy Activated Redox Processes, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208;
- Center for Hierarchical Materials Design, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
- Flexterra Corporation, Skokie, IL 60077
| | - Tobin J Marks
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Light Energy Activated Redox Processes, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208;
- Center for Hierarchical Materials Design, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899
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28
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Sakura Y, Yumioka F, Funaki T, Ono K. Synthesis and Photovoltaic Properties of Boron β-Ketoiminate Dyes Forming a Linear Donor-π-Acceptor Structure. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:1982-1989. [PMID: 32394647 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Organoboron complexes are of interest as chromophores for dye sensitizers owing to their light-harvesting and carrier-transporting properties. In this study, compounds containing boron β-ketoiminate (BKI) as a chromophore were synthesized and used as dye sensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells. The new dyes were orange or red crystals and showed maximum absorptions in the 410-450 nm wavelength region on titanium dioxide substrates. These electrodes exhibited maximum efficiencies of over 80% in incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency spectra, suggesting that the continuous process of light absorption-excitation-electron injection was effectively performed. Open-circuit photovoltages were relatively high owing to the large dipole moments of the BKI dyes with a linear molecular structure. Thus, a maximum power conversion efficiency of 5.3% was successfully observed. Comparison of BKI dyes with boron β-diketonate dyes revealed certain differences in solution stability, spectral properties, and photovoltaic characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Sakura
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan
| | - Fumina Yumioka
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan
| | - Takashi Funaki
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Higashi, Tsukuba, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Ono
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan
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29
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Li L, Gao Y, Dou C, Liu J. B⟵N-containing azaacenes with propynyl groups on boron atoms. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2019.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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30
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Yao H, Wang J, Xu Y, Zhang S, Hou J. Recent Progress in Chlorinated Organic Photovoltaic Materials. Acc Chem Res 2020; 53:822-832. [PMID: 32216329 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
ConspectusOver the past few years, the development of new materials has contributed to rapid increases in the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells to over 17%, showing great potential for the commercialization of this technology in the near future. At this stage, designing new materials with superior performance and low cost simultaneously is of crucial importance. Chlorinated materials are emerging as new stars with very high PCEs, creating a molecular design trend to replace the most popular fluorinated materials. For example, by using chlorinated non-fullerene acceptors, we recently got a record PCE of 17% for single-junction OPV cells. Firmly based on recent advances, herein we focus on the topic of chlorinated OPV materials, aiming to provide a guideline for further molecular design.In this Account, first, on the basis of most fundamental features of the Cl atom, we highlight the features of chlorinated materials compared with their fluorinated counterparts: (1) Chlorination is more efficient than fluorination in modulating the optical and electrical properties of OPV materials. In many cases, chlorinated materials show lower energy levels and broader absorption spectra than their fluorinated counterparts, which contribute higher output voltages and current densities in the resulting photovoltaic devices. (2) Cl has a large atomic size than F. On one hand, enhanced overlap of π electrons is beneficial for enhancing the intermolecular packing and crystalline property and thus improving the charge transport. On the other hand, if Cl is introduced inappropriately in the backbone or side chain, this feature will cause a more twisted π plane and larger steric hindrance, having negative impacts on the photovoltaic performance of the corresponding materials. (3) Importantly, chlorination is usually chemically cheaper in synthesis, which has the potential to decrease the material cost of OPV cells. Then, we provide a concise review of chlorinated OPV materials, including polymeric and small-molecule donors and non-fullerene acceptors. The photovoltaic performance in various types of OPV cells using chlorinated materials, such as single-junction, tandem, semitransparent, and indoor-light photovoltaic cells is also discussed. For instance, ultranarrow-band-gap chlorinated acceptors can be used to construct highly efficient color-semitransparent OPV cells, and the wide-band-gap chlorinated materials show great potential for fabricating indoor-light photovoltaic devices. Finally, we briefly discuss current questions related to chlorinated OPV materials and highlight the significance of chlorination in future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifeng Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jingwen Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Ye Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Shaoqing Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Jianhui Hou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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31
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Pang S, Zhou X, Zhang S, Tang H, Dhakal S, Gu X, Duan C, Huang F, Cao Y. Nonfused Nonfullerene Acceptors with an A-D-A'-D-A Framework and a Benzothiadiazole Core for High-Performance Organic Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:16531-16540. [PMID: 32192336 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c01850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs) have contributed significantly to the progress of organic solar cells (OSCs). However, most NFAs feature a large fused-ring backbone, which usually requires a tedious multiple-step synthesis, and are not applicable to commercial applications. An alternative strategy is to develop nonfused NFAs, which possess synthetic simplicity and facile tunability in optoelectronic properties and solid-state microstructures. In this work, we report two nonfused NFAs, BTCIC and BTCIC-4Cl, based on an A-D-A'-D-A architecture, which possess the same electron-deficient benzothiadiazole central core but different electron-withdrawing terminal groups. The optical properties, energy levels, and molecular crystallinities were finely tuned by changing the terminal groups. Moreover, a decent power conversion efficiency of 9.3 and 10.5% has been achieved by BTCIC and BTCIC-4Cl, respectively, by blending them with an appropriate polymer donor. These results demonstrate the potential of A-D-A'-D-A type nonfused NFAs for high-performance OSCs. Further development of nonfused NFAs will be very fruitful by employing appropriate building blocks and via side-chain optimizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Pang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Xia Zhou
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Song Zhang
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406, United States
| | - Haoran Tang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Sujata Dhakal
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406, United States
| | - Xiaodan Gu
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406, United States
| | - Chunhui Duan
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Fei Huang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Yong Cao
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
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32
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Chen W, Peng S, Zheng S. A theoretical study on electronic spectra of a novel series of metal substituted boron subphthalocyanine chloride. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 229:118018. [PMID: 31923793 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.118018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Boron subphthalocyanine chloride has been extensively studied by experimentalists and computational chemists due to its unique optical and electronic properties. It has been practical to modify the optical and physical properties of subphthalocyanine through axial, peripheral, and center substitutions or ring expansion. However, there have been few investigations on the substitution of central boron atom. In the present work, a new metal-substituted (center substitution of boron atom) series of boron subphthalocyanine chloride (metal = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn) are theoretically designed utilizing modern density functional theory. The optimized results of this series in gas phase and with polarizable continuum model show that they may be chemically stable, and the predicted order of the stability of MSubPC is Fe>Cu>Ni>Co>Zn. Also, this new series of MSubPC molecules all becomes more non-planar and has much smaller dipole moments, which imply that they may be feasible for blend with organic acceptors. The HOMO-LUMO energy gaps of MSubPC (M=Co, Ni, Cu) are smaller than that of subPC. Furthermore, the wavelength of simulated absorption peaks of ZnSubPC and NiSubPC is red-shifted with respect to prototype subPC molecule in the visible region, and FeSubPC has noticeably stronger absorption strength than subPC because its excitation involves more orbital transitions and d electrons. The work here shows a new way to design photoelectric materials based on subphthalocyanine with center metal substitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlan Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energies, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Suoping Peng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energies, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shaohui Zheng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energies, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
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33
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Mizrahi A, Bukuroshi E, Vestfrid J, Bender TP, Gross Z. Axial/Peripheral Chloride/Fluoride-Substituted Boron Subphthalocyanines as Electron Acceptors. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:2641-2645. [PMID: 32077690 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b03529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Chloroboron subphthalocyanines (Cl-BsubPc) are robust compounds that can be readily modified at the axial and peripheral positions. Peripherally chlorinated derivatives were recently found to be advantageous regarding integration into organic electronic devices. We now report on the effects of fluorides introduced on both the peripheral and axial positions of BsubPcs. Specific attention on the reduction of these compounds revealed that the much fewer electronegative chlorides still shift the redox potentials as much as fluorides. The main advantage of the fluorinated derivatives was deduced to be their stability, allowing for the spectroscopic characterization of mono-anionic and even bis-anionic subphthalocyanines. This study sets the precedence for further tuning of the electrochemical properties of BsubPcs through molecular design, thus increasing their applicability regarding organic electronic devices that undergo multiple redox cycles during operational lifetime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Mizrahi
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200008, Israel.,Chemistry Department, Nuclear Research Centre Negev, Beer-Sheva 84190, Israel
| | - Esmeralda Bukuroshi
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto M5S 3E4, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jenya Vestfrid
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto M5S 3E4, Ontario, Canada
| | - Timothy P Bender
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto M5S 3E4, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto M5S 3H6, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 184 College Street, Toronto M5S 3E4, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zeev Gross
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200008, Israel
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34
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Kage Y, Shimizu S, Kociok-Köhn G, Furuta H, Pantoş GD. Subphthalocyanine-Stoppered [2]Rotaxanes: Synthesis and Size/Energy Threshold of Slippage. Org Lett 2020; 22:1096-1101. [PMID: 31942791 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b04620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Subphthalocyanine (SubPc)-stoppered [2]rotaxanes were synthesized for the first time. The rotaxane bearing unsubstituted SubPc as a stopper exhibited an equilibrium of slipping-on and slipping-off, whereas a perfluorinated SubPc stopper completely blocked slippage of the ring due to its slightly larger size. Kinetic studies revealed the Gibbs free energy of activation for the slipping-on and slipping-off processes. The optical properties of the rotaxanes, including photoinduced electron transfer, were also revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Kage
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering , Kyushu University , Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan
| | - Soji Shimizu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering , Kyushu University , Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan.,Center for Molecular Systems (CMS) , Kyushu University , Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan
| | | | - Hiroyuki Furuta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering , Kyushu University , Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan.,Center for Molecular Systems (CMS) , Kyushu University , Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan
| | - G Dan Pantoş
- Department of Chemistry , University of Bath , Bath BA2 7AY , U.K
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35
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Li G, Zheng S. A computational study of the effects of axial halogen substitutions of boron subphthalocyanines on their electronic spectra in solution and in the solid state. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 222:117180. [PMID: 31185442 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Non-planar boron subphthalocyanine chloride is a talented photoelectric material and has been widely applied. In this paper, we have investigated the effects of axial halogen substitutions on electronic spectra of boron subphthalocyanines by combining DFT/TDDFT calculations and available experimental data in solution and in the solid state. We utilize long range separated density functional and polarizable continuum model to obtain the electronic structure and absorption spectra. The computed frontier molecular orbital energy matches well with experiment in dichloromethane and the simulated spectra correctly reproduce the trend of experiment in toluene. Furthermore, we model two configurations (convex-to-convex and concave-to-concave) of dimers of boron subphthalocyanines based on experimental structures in thin film: From F to Cl to Br substitution, the simulated wavelength of absorption peaks in the visible region slightly increases; in contrast, the absorption strength decreases. Moreover, our calculated results suggest that the convex-to-convex configurations of dimers may be the main contributors to the absorption spectra of X-BsubPC (X = F, Cl, Br) in thin film, though no experimental spectra of thin film of X-BsubPC (X = F, Br) yet. Finally, we find that CAM-B3LYP is able to reproduce the energy of frontier molecular orbitals quite well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energies, Faculty of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shaohui Zheng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energies, Faculty of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
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36
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Morgan MM, Nazari M, Pickl T, Rautiainen JM, Tuononen HM, Piers WE, Welch GC, Gelfand BS. Boron-nitrogen substituted dihydroindeno[1,2-b]fluorene derivatives as acceptors in organic solar cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:11095-11098. [PMID: 31460525 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc05103a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The electrophilic borylation of 2,5-diarylpyrazines results in the formation of boron-nitrogen doped dihydroindeno[1,2-b]fluorene which can be synthesized using standard Schlenk techniques and worked up and handled readily under atmospheric conditions. Through transmetallation via diarylzinc reagents a series of derivatives were synthesized which show broad visible to near-IR light absorption profiles that highlight the versatility of this BN substituted core for use in optoelectronic devices. The synthesis is efficient, scalable and allows for tuning through changes in substituents on the planar heterocyclic core and at boron. Exploratory evaluation in organic solar cell devices as non-fullerene acceptors gave power conversion efficiencies of 2%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew M Morgan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, USA.
| | - Maryam Nazari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, USA.
| | - Thomas Pickl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, USA.
| | - J Mikko Rautiainen
- Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Heikki M Tuononen
- Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Warren E Piers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, USA.
| | - Gregory C Welch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, USA.
| | - Benjamin S Gelfand
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, USA.
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37
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Wang Y, Mori S, Furuta H, Shimizu S. Bis(1,3-dithiol-2-ylidene)-Substituted Subtriazachlorin: A Subphthalocyanine Analogue with Redox Properties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:10975-10979. [PMID: 31199050 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201905331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Bis(1,3-dithiol-2-ylidene)-substituted subtriazachlorin was formed because of an unusual reaction of a 1,3-dithiole-2-one-fused subphthalocyanine in a triethylphosphite-mediated tetrathiafulvalene synthesis. In this novel molecule, the bis(1,3-dithiol-2-ylidene)ethane moiety and subtriazachlorin structure are fused, resulting in an electron-donating ability and broad absorption in the near-infrared region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yemei Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Shigeki Mori
- Advanced Research Support Center (ADRES), Ehime University, Matsuyama, 790-8577, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Furuta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,Center for Molecular Systems (CMS), Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Soji Shimizu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,Center for Molecular Systems (CMS), Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
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38
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Wang Y, Mori S, Furuta H, Shimizu S. Bis(1,3‐dithiol‐2‐ylidene)‐Substituted Subtriazachlorin: A Subphthalocyanine Analogue with Redox Properties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201905331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yemei Wang
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryGraduate School of EngineeringKyushu University Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Shigeki Mori
- Advanced Research Support Center (ADRES)Ehime University Matsuyama 790-8577 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Furuta
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryGraduate School of EngineeringKyushu University Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
- Center for Molecular Systems (CMS)Kyushu University Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Soji Shimizu
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryGraduate School of EngineeringKyushu University Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
- Center for Molecular Systems (CMS)Kyushu University Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
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39
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Zatsikha YV, Swedin RK, Healy AT, Goff PC, Didukh NO, Blesener TS, Kayser M, Kovtun YP, Blank DA, Nemykin VN. Synthesis, Characterization, and Electron‐Transfer Properties of Ferrocene–BODIPY–Fullerene Near‐Infrared‐Absorbing Triads: Are Catecholopyrrolidine‐Linked Fullerenes a Good Architecture to Facilitate Electron‐Transfer? Chemistry 2019; 25:8401-8414. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuriy V. Zatsikha
- Department of Chemistry University of Manitoba Winnipeg MB R3T 2N2 Canada
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry University of Minnesota Duluth Duluth MN 55812 USA
| | - Rachel K. Swedin
- Department of Chemistry University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Andrew T. Healy
- Department of Chemistry University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Philip C. Goff
- Department of Chemistry University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Natalia O. Didukh
- Department of Chemistry University of Manitoba Winnipeg MB R3T 2N2 Canada
- Institute of Organic Chemistry National Academy of Sciences Kyiv 02660 Ukraine
| | - Tanner S. Blesener
- Department of Chemistry University of Manitoba Winnipeg MB R3T 2N2 Canada
| | - Mathew Kayser
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry University of Minnesota Duluth Duluth MN 55812 USA
| | - Yuriy P. Kovtun
- Institute of Organic Chemistry National Academy of Sciences Kyiv 02660 Ukraine
| | - David A. Blank
- Department of Chemistry University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Victor N. Nemykin
- Department of Chemistry University of Manitoba Winnipeg MB R3T 2N2 Canada
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry University of Minnesota Duluth Duluth MN 55812 USA
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40
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Tejerina L, Martínez-Díaz MV, Torres T. One-Pot Synthesis of π-Extended Fluorenone-Fused Subphthalocyanines. Org Lett 2019; 21:2908-2912. [PMID: 30958683 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A family of inherently chiral nonplanar aromatic chromophores, comprising Subphthalocyanines bearing fluorenone-fused units (SubFcs), have been prepared by an innovative one-pot synthesis, which relies on the standard cross-cyclotrimerization of phthalonitriles followed by intramolecular Friedel-Crafts acylation. Their Q-band absorption experiences a ca. 20 nm red shift per fused fluorenone as a consequence of the enlarged conjugated π-system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Tejerina
- Department of Organic Chemistry , Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , c/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, Cantoblanco , 28049 Madrid , Spain
| | - M Victoria Martínez-Díaz
- Department of Organic Chemistry , Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , c/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, Cantoblanco , 28049 Madrid , Spain.,Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem) , UAM , 28049 Madrid , Spain
| | - Tomás Torres
- Department of Organic Chemistry , Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , c/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, Cantoblanco , 28049 Madrid , Spain.,Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)-Nanociencia , c/Faraday 9, Cantoblanco , 28049 Madrid , Spain.,Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem) , UAM , 28049 Madrid , Spain
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41
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Huang X, Hu M, Zhao X, Li C, Yuan Z, Liu X, Cai C, Zhang Y, Hu Y, Chen Y. Subphthalocyanine Triimides: Solution Processable Bowl-Shaped Acceptors for Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells. Org Lett 2019; 21:3382-3386. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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42
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Grant TM, Josey DS, Sampson KL, Mudigonda T, Bender TP, Lessard BH. Boron Subphthalocyanines and Silicon Phthalocyanines for Use as Active Materials in Organic Photovoltaics. CHEM REC 2019; 19:1093-1112. [PMID: 30672126 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201800178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Organic photovoltaics (OPVs) have experienced continued interest over the last 25 years as a viable technology for the generation of power. Phthalocyanines are among the oldest commercial dyes and have been utilized in some of the earliest examples of OPVs. In recent years, the use of boron subphthalocyanines (BsubPcs) and silicon phthalocyanines (SiPcs) has attracted a flurry of interest with some examples of fullerene-free devices reaching power conversion efficiencies >8 %. Unlike other more common divalent phthalocyanines such as copper or zinc, BsubPcs and SiPcs contain additional axial groups that can easily be functionalized without significantly affecting the optoelectronic properties of the macrocycle. This handle facilitates our ability to tune the solid-state arrangement and other physical characteristics such as solubility ultimately giving us the ability to improve the thin film processing and final device performance. This review covers recent studies on the development of BsubPcs and SiPcs for use as active materials in organic photovoltaics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor M Grant
- University of Ottawa, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, 161 Louis Pasteur, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - David S Josey
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Kathleen L Sampson
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Thanmayee Mudigonda
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Timothy P Bender
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E5, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 184 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E4, Canada
| | - Benoît H Lessard
- University of Ottawa, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, 161 Louis Pasteur, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
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43
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Pang S, Más‐Montoya M, Xiao M, Duan C, Wang Z, Liu X, Janssen RAJ, Yu G, Huang F, Cao Y. Adjusting Aggregation Modes and Photophysical and Photovoltaic Properties of Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Small Molecules by Introducing B←N Bonds. Chemistry 2019; 25:564-572. [PMID: 30285301 PMCID: PMC6391975 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The packing mode of small-molecular semiconductors in thin films is an important factor that controls the performance of their optoelectronic devices. Designing and changing the packing mode by molecular engineering is challenging. Three structurally related diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP)-based compounds were synthesized to study the effect of replacing C-C bonds by isoelectronic dipolar B←N bonds. By replacing one of the bridging C-C bonds on the peripheral fluorene units of the DPP molecules by a coordinative B←N bond and changing the B←N bond orientation, the optical absorption, fluorescence, and excited-state lifetime of the compounds can be tuned. The substitution alters the preferential aggregation of the molecules in the solid state from H-type (for C-C) to J-type (for B←N). Introducing B←N bonds thus provides a subtle way of controlling the packing mode. The photovoltaic properties of the compounds were evaluated in bulk heterojunctions with a fullerene acceptor and showed moderate performance as a consequence of suboptimal morphologies, bimolecular recombination, and triplet-state formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesInstitute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640P. R. China
| | - Miriam Más‐Montoya
- Molecular Materials and NanosystemsInstitute for, Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 5135600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
- Present address: Department of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Murcia30100MurciaSpain
| | - Manjun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesInstitute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640P. R. China
| | - Chunhui Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesInstitute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640P. R. China
| | - Zhenfeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesInstitute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640P. R. China
| | - Xi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesInstitute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640P. R. China
| | - René A. J. Janssen
- Molecular Materials and NanosystemsInstitute for, Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 5135600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Gang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesInstitute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640P. R. China
| | - Fei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesInstitute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640P. R. China
| | - Yong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesInstitute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640P. R. China
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44
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Li G, Zheng S. Exploring the effects of axial halogen substitutions of boron subphthalocyanines on the performance of BsubPC/C60 organic solar cells: a DFT/TDDFT-based computational study. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj02180a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A systematic study on the effects of axial halogen substitutions of Cl atom on the optical and physical properties of subphthalocyanine/C60 solar cells by combining a DFT/TDDFT study and available experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energies
- School of Materials and Energy
- Southwest University
- Chongqing
- China
| | - Shaohui Zheng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energies
- School of Materials and Energy
- Southwest University
- Chongqing
- China
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45
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Xu Q, Gao Y, Wu X, Hang H, Li H, Chen Y, Wang W, Tong H. Subphthalocyanine-based conjugated porous polymers for efficient singlet oxygen generation. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj01603a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Subphthalocyanine-based conjugated porous polymers can efficiently absorb long-wavelength photons to generate singlet oxygen rapidly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
- Changchun University of Science and Technology
- Changchun 130022
- P. R. China
| | - Ying Gao
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
- Changchun University of Science and Technology
- Changchun 130022
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaofu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- P. R. China
| | - Hao Hang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- P. R. China
| | - Hua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- P. R. China
| | - Yonghong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- P. R. China
| | - Weijie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- P. R. China
| | - Hui Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- P. R. China
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46
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Bukuroshi E, Vestfrid J, Gross Z, Bender TP. Fluorinated boron subphthalocyanines: Lewis acid based templating chemistry facilitates random halide exchange, and fluoride versus chloride affects the basic photophysical properties and the solid-state arrangement. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj04093e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A sub-group of the phthalocyanine family, the boron subphthalocyanines (BsubPcs), have robust chemistry and can be readily modified at the axial and peripheral positions to tune their physical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmeralda Bukuroshi
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry
- University of Toronto
- Toronto
- Canada
| | - Jenya Vestfrid
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry
- University of Toronto
- Toronto
- Canada
| | - Zeev Gross
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry
- Israel Institute of Technology (Technion)
- Haifa 3200008
- Israel
| | - Timothy P. Bender
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry
- University of Toronto
- Toronto
- Canada
- Department of Chemistry
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47
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Husain A, Ganesan A, Ghazal B, Durmuş M, Zhang XF, Makhseed S. Dual-directional alkyne-terminated macrocycles: Enroute to non-aggregating molecular platforms. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo00695h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Derivatized phthalocyanines (Pcs) and their heteroatom analogues, azaphthalocyanines (AzaPcs), bearing a variety of highly active ligands, have many advantageous properties that make them suitable as novel macrocyclic platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Husain
- Department of Chemistry
- Kuwait University
- Safat
- Kuwait
| | | | - Basma Ghazal
- Department of Chemistry
- Kuwait University
- Safat
- Kuwait
| | - Mahmut Durmuş
- Gebze Technical University
- Department of Chemistry
- 41400 Gebze-Kocaeli
- Turkey
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48
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Lavarda G, Zirzlmeier J, Gruber M, Rami PR, Tykwinski RR, Torres T, Guldi DM. Feinabstimmung von intramolekularem resonantem Förster-Energietransfer und Aktivierung intramolekularer Singulettspaltung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201808652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Lavarda
- Departamento de Química Orgánica und Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem); Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; 28049 Madrid Spanien
| | - Johannes Zirzlmeier
- Department für Chemie und Pharmazie &, Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Molekulare Materialien (ICMM); Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Egerlandstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
| | - Marco Gruber
- Department für Chemie und Pharmazie &, Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Molekulare Materialien (ICMM); Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 10 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
| | - Parisa R. Rami
- Department of Chemistry; University of Alberta; Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Kanada
| | - Rik R. Tykwinski
- Department für Chemie und Pharmazie &, Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Molekulare Materialien (ICMM); Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 10 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
- Department of Chemistry; University of Alberta; Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Kanada
| | - Tomás Torres
- Departamento de Química Orgánica und Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem); Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; 28049 Madrid Spanien
- IMDEA-Nanociencia; Campus de Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spanien
| | - Dirk M. Guldi
- Department für Chemie und Pharmazie &, Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Molekulare Materialien (ICMM); Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Egerlandstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
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49
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McAfee SM, Welch GC. Development of Organic Dye‐Based Molecular Materials for Use in Fullerene‐Free Organic Solar Cells. CHEM REC 2018; 19:989-1007. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201800114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seth M. McAfee
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Calgary 2500 University Drive NW Calgary, AB Canada T2 N 1 N4
| | - Gregory C. Welch
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Calgary 2500 University Drive NW Calgary, AB Canada T2 N 1 N4
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50
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Zheng W, Zhao Y, Zhuang W, Wu J, Wang F, Li C, Zuo J. Phthalorubines: Fused‐Ring Compounds Synthesized from Phthalonitrile. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:15384-15389. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201807281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zheng
- State Key laboratory of Coordination ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing National Laboratory of MicrostructuresCollaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing University Nanjing 210093 P. R. China
| | - Yuan Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-EngineeringHenan University Kaifeng 475004 P. R. China
| | - Wen‐Hao Zhuang
- State Key laboratory of Coordination ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing National Laboratory of MicrostructuresCollaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing University Nanjing 210093 P. R. China
| | - Jing‐Jing Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry—Ångström LaboratoryUppsala University Box 523 751 20 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Fang‐Zhou Wang
- State Key laboratory of Coordination ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing National Laboratory of MicrostructuresCollaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing University Nanjing 210093 P. R. China
| | - Cheng‐Hui Li
- State Key laboratory of Coordination ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing National Laboratory of MicrostructuresCollaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing University Nanjing 210093 P. R. China
| | - Jing‐Lin Zuo
- State Key laboratory of Coordination ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing National Laboratory of MicrostructuresCollaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing University Nanjing 210093 P. R. China
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