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Tang H, Bai Y, Zhao H, Qin X, Hu Z, Zhou C, Huang F, Cao Y. Interface Engineering for Highly Efficient Organic Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2212236. [PMID: 36867581 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202212236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Organic solar cells (OSCs) have made dramatic advancements during the past decades owing to the innovative material design and device structure optimization, with power conversion efficiencies surpassing 19% and 20% for single-junction and tandem devices, respectively. Interface engineering, by modifying interface properties between different layers for OSCs, has become a vital part to promote the device efficiency. It is essential to elucidate the intrinsic working mechanism of interface layers, as well as the related physical and chemical processes that manipulate device performance and long-term stability. In this article, the advances in interface engineering aimed to pursue high-performance OSCs are reviewed. The specific functions and corresponding design principles of interface layers are summarized first. Then, the anode interface layer, cathode interface layer in single-junction OSCs, and interconnecting layer of tandem devices are discussed in separate categories, and the interface engineering-related improvements on device efficiency and stability are analyzed. Finally, the challenges and prospects associated with application of interface engineering are discussed with the emphasis on large-area, high-performance, and low-cost device manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Tang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yuanqing Bai
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Haiyang Zhao
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xudong Qin
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Zhicheng Hu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Cheng Zhou
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Fei Huang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yong Cao
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, 510640, China
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Xiang Y, Xu B, Li Y. Solution-Processed Semiconductor Materials as Cathode Interlayers for Organic Solar Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2304673. [PMID: 37882326 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Cathode interlayers (CILs) play a crucial role in improving the photovoltaic efficiency and stability of OSCs. CILs generally consists of two kinds of materials, interfacial dipole-based CILs and SPS-based CILs. With good charge transporting ability, excellent compatibility with large-area processing methods, and highly tunable optoelectronic properties, the SPS-based CILs exhibit remarkable superiorities to their interfacial dipole-based counterparts in practical use, making them promising candidate in developing efficient CILs for OSCs. This mini-review highlights the great potential of SPS-based CILs in OSC applications and elucidates the working mechanism and material design strategy of SPS materials. Afterward, the SPS-based CIL materials are summarized and discussed in four sections, including organic small molecules, conjugated polymers, nonconjugated polymers, and TMOs. The structure-property-performance relationship of SPS-based CIL materials is revealed, which may provide readers new insight into the molecular design of SPS-based CILs. The mechanisms to endow SPS-based CILs with thickness insensitivity, resistance to environmental erosion, and photo-electric conversion ability are also elucidated. Finally, after a brief summary, the remaining issues and the prospects of SPS-based CILs are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhe Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Bowei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Ying Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing, 402160, P. R. China
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3
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Brown MU, Seong HG, Russell TP, Emrick T. Zwitterionic Sulfonium Sulfonate Polymers: Impacts of Substituents and Inverted Dipole. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcel U. Brown
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, Conte Center for Polymer Research, University of Massachusetts, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Hong-Gyu Seong
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, Conte Center for Polymer Research, University of Massachusetts, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Thomas P. Russell
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, Conte Center for Polymer Research, University of Massachusetts, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Todd Emrick
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, Conte Center for Polymer Research, University of Massachusetts, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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Ishihara K. Biomimetic materials based on zwitterionic polymers toward human-friendly medical devices. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2022; 23:498-524. [PMID: 36117516 PMCID: PMC9481090 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2022.2119883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes recent research on the design of polymer material systems based on biomimetic concepts and reports on the medical devices that implement these systems. Biomolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, and phospholipids, present in living organisms, play important roles in biological activities. These molecules are characterized by heterogenic nature with hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity, and a balance of positive and negative charges, which provide unique reaction fields, interfaces, and functionality. Incorporating these molecules into artificial systems is expected to advance material science considerably. This approach to material design is exceptionally practical for medical devices that are in contact with living organisms. Here, it is focused on zwitterionic polymers with intramolecularly balanced charges and introduce examples of their applications in medical devices. Their unique properties make these polymers potential surface modification materials to enhance the performance and safety of conventional medical devices. This review discusses these devices; moreover, new surface technologies have been summarized for developing human-friendly medical devices using zwitterionic polymers in the cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, orthopedic, and ophthalmology fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Ishihara
- Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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Xu X, Peng Q. Hole/Electron Transporting Materials for Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202104453. [PMID: 35224789 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Nonfullerene acceptor based organic solar cells (NF-OSCs) have witnessed rapid progress over the past few years owing to the intensive research efforts on novel electron donor and nonfullerene acceptor (NFA) materials, interfacial engineering, and device processing techniques. Interfacial layers including electron transporting layers (ETL) and hole transporting layers (HTLs) are crucially important in the OSCs for facilitating electron and hole extraction from the photoactive blend to the respective electrodes. In this review, the lates progress in both ETLs and HTLs for the currently prevailing NF-OSCs are discussed, in which the ETLs are summarized from the categories of metal oxides, metal chelates, non-conjugated electrolytes and conjugated electrolytes, and the HTLs are summarized from the categories of inorganic and organic materials. In addition, some bifunctional interlayer materials served as both ETLs and HTLs are also introduced. Finally, the prospects of ETL/HTL materials for NF-OSCs are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Peng
- School of Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
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Liu Y, Russell TP. Electroactive Ionenes: Efficient Interlayer Materials in Organic Photovoltaics. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:1097-1108. [PMID: 35188380 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
ConspectusOrganic photovoltaics (OPVs) have the advantages of being lightweight, mechanically flexible, and solution-processable over large areas, and for decades, they have been the focus of the academic and industrial communities. Recent progress in the design of high-performance organic semiconductors and device optimization has promoted solar cell efficiencies of up to 19%, showing great promise for commercialization. Optimally designed OPVs are achieved using a bicontinuous interpenetrating network of donor and acceptor materials in between two charge-collecting electrodes. Charge extraction and transport between metal electrodes and organic semiconductors are crucial to device operation. The energy-level mismatch when metal electrodes and organic semiconductors are in contact usually induces additional energy barriers and resultant inefficient charge transport and collection, leading to charge carrier recombination at the interface and inferior device performance. To align energy levels at the interface, interlayer materials and their integration into devices have emerged as a widely used strategy to promote the performance of solar cell devices. Interlayer materials have the ability to modify the work functions (WFs) of metal electrodes, holding the potential to enhance the built-in electrostatic field (Vbi) of the devices and suppress the charge recombination loss, which is beneficial to improving the open circuit voltage (VOC), short circuit current density (JSC), and fill factor (FF) of the solar cells.Organic interlayer materials have recently come into focus for fundamental study and practical development because of their diverse molecular design and superior solution processability. Tremendous effort has been devoted to exploring novel organic interlayer materials to achieve all-solution-processed multilayer solar cells. Such interlayer materials usually have orthogonal solubilities relative to the photoactive layer materials, working as multifunctional interfacial layers to manipulate the mechanical and electrical contacts in solar cell devices. Ionenes are a unique class of polyelectrolytes wherein the ionic species reside within the polymer backbone rather than as pendant groups. In ionenes, the charge density is high in comparison to that of other polyelectrolytes, and the periodicity of the charges is easily controlled, providing a tunable density of dipole moments. Ionenes can be readily synthesized from 3° diamines and α,ω-dihaloalkanes to generate polymer chains of ammonium cations connected by flexible hydrocarbon linkages with mobile anions. However, the requisite building blocks of ionenes are not limited to such molecules. Recent advances in combining ionenes with conjugated molecules to generate electroactive ionenes have catalyzed a great amount of interest in such polymers for organic electronic devices.In this Account, we first introduce the molecular design and synthesis of electroactive ionenes. Following this, we will discuss the mechanism and effect of ionenes on the modification of metal electrodes. We then review the strategies for controlling the morphology of ionene interlayers. Finally, we compare the doping effect, conductivity, and charge transport of some representative ionenes and their performance as interlayers in solar cell devices. We present our current understanding based on recent progress and outstanding issues of interlayer materials in OPVs and to propose future directions and opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Thomas P. Russell
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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Intrinsically inert hyperbranched interlayer for enhanced stability of organic solar cells. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2022; 67:171-177. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2021.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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9
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The Quinonoid Zwitterion Interlayer for the Improvement of Charge Carrier Mobility in Organic Field-Effect Transistors. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13101567. [PMID: 34068290 PMCID: PMC8153292 DOI: 10.3390/polym13101567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The interface between the semiconductor and the dielectric layer plays a crucial role in organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) because it is at the interface that charge carriers are accumulated and transported. In this study, four zwitterionic benzoquinonemonoimine dyes featuring alkyl and aryl N-substituents were used to cover the dielectric layers in OFET structures. The best interlayer material, containing aliphatic side groups, increased charge carrier mobility in the measured systems. This improvement can be explained by the reduction in the number of the charge carrier trapping sites at the dielectric active layer interface from 1014 eV−1 cm−2 to 2 × 1013 eV−1 cm−2. The density of the traps was one order of magnitude lower compared to the unmodified transistors. This resulted in an increase in charge carrier mobility in the tested poly [2,5-(2-octyldodecyl)-3,6-diketopyrrolopyrrole-alt-5,5-(2,5-di(thien-2-yl)thieno [3,2-b]thiophene)] (DPPDTT)-based transistors to 5.4 × 10−1 cm2 V−1 s−1.
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Pagaduan JN, Hight-Huf N, Datar A, Nagar Y, Barnes M, Naveh D, Ramasubramaniam A, Katsumata R, Emrick T. Electronic Tuning of Monolayer Graphene with Polymeric "Zwitterists". ACS NANO 2021; 15:2762-2770. [PMID: 33512145 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c08624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Work function engineering of two-dimensional (2D) materials by application of polymer coatings represents a research thrust that promises to enhance the performance of electronic devices. While polymer zwitterions have been demonstrated to significantly modify the work function of both metal electrodes and 2D materials due to their dipole-rich structure, the impact of zwitterion chemical structure on work function modulation is not well understood. To address this knowledge gap, we synthesized a series of sulfobetaine-based zwitterionic random copolymers with variable substituents and used them in lithographic patterning for the preparation of negative-tone resists (i.e., "zwitterists") on monolayer graphene. Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy indicated a significant work function reduction, as high as 1.5 eV, induced by all polymer zwitterions when applied as ultrathin films (<10 nm) on monolayer graphene. Of the polymers studied, the piperidinyl-substituted version, produced the largest dipole normal to the graphene sheet, thereby inducing the maximum work function reduction. Density functional theory calculations probed the influence of zwitterion composition on dipole orientation, while lithographic patterning allowed for evaluation of surface potential contrast via Kelvin probe force microscopy. Overall, this polymer "zwitterist" design holds promise for fine-tuning 2D materials electronics with spatial control based on the chemistry of the polymer coating and the dimensions of the lithographic patterning.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yehiel Nagar
- Faculty of Engineering and Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
| | | | - Doron Naveh
- Faculty of Engineering and Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
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Chen Q, Yang X, Zhou Y, Song B. Zwitterions: promising interfacial/doping materials for organic/perovskite solar cells. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj01605a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes the recent progress in zwitterionic materials through the concepts of interfacial dipoles and passivating defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyun Chen
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xudong Yang
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Bo Song
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
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12
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Liu M, Fan P, Hu Q, Russell TP, Liu Y. Naphthalene-Diimide-Based Ionenes as Universal Interlayers for Efficient Organic Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:18131-18135. [PMID: 32558039 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202004432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Self-doping ionene polymers were efficiently synthesized by reacting functional naphthalene diimide (NDI) with 1,3-dibromopropane (NDI-NI) or trans-1,4-dibromo-2-butene (NDI-CI) via quaternization polymerization. These NDI-based ionene polymers are universal interlayers with random molecular orientation, boosting the efficiencies of fullerene-based, non-fullerene-based, and ternary organic solar cells (OSCs) over a wide range of interlayer thicknesses, with a maximum efficiency of 16.9 %. NDI-NI showed a higher interfacial dipole (Δ), conductivity, and electron mobility than NDI-CI, affording solar cells with higher efficiencies. These polymers proved to efficiently lower the work function (WF) of air-stable metals and optimize the contact between metal electrode and organic semiconductor, highlighting their power to overcome energy barriers of electron injection and extraction processes for efficient organic electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Pu Fan
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Qin Hu
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.,Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Thomas P Russell
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.,Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.,Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Yao Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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13
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Liu M, Fan P, Hu Q, Russell TP, Liu Y. Naphthalene‐Diimide‐Based Ionenes as Universal Interlayers for Efficient Organic Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202004432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
| | - Pu Fan
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department University of Massachusetts Amherst 120 Governors Drive Amherst MA 01003 USA
| | - Qin Hu
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department University of Massachusetts Amherst 120 Governors Drive Amherst MA 01003 USA
- Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Lab 1 Cyclotron Road Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Thomas P. Russell
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department University of Massachusetts Amherst 120 Governors Drive Amherst MA 01003 USA
- Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Lab 1 Cyclotron Road Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Yao Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
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14
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Gu Y, Liu Y, Russell TP. Fullerene‐Based Interlayers for Breaking Energy Barriers in Organic Solar Cells. Chempluschem 2020; 85:751-759. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
| | - Yao Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
| | - Thomas P. Russell
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
- Polymer Science and Engineering DepartmentUniversity of Massachusetts Amherst 120 Governors Drive Amherst MA 01003 USA
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15
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Wu Y, Liu Y, Emrick T, Russell TP. Polymer design to promote low work function surfaces in organic electronics. Prog Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2020.101222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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16
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Liao Q, Kang Q, Yang Y, An C, Xu B, Hou J. Tailoring and Modifying an Organic Electron Acceptor toward the Cathode Interlayer for Highly Efficient Organic Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1906557. [PMID: 31880003 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201906557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid advance of organic photovoltaic materials, the energy level structure, active layer morphology, and fabrication procedure of organic solar cells (OSCs) are changed significantly. Thus, the photoelectronic properties of many traditional electrode interlayers have become unsuitable for modifying new active layers; this limits the further enhancement in OSC efficiencies. Herein, a new design strategy of tailoring the end-capping unit, ITIC, to develop a cathode interlayer (CIL) material for achieving high power conversion efficiency (PCE) in OSCs is demonstrated. The excellent electron accepting capacity, suitable energy level, and good film-forming ability endow the S-3 molecule with an outstanding electron extraction property. A device with S-3 shows a PCE of 16.6%, which is among the top values in the field of OSCs. More importantly, it is demonstrated that the electrostatic potential difference between the CIL molecule and the polymer donor plays a crucial role in promoting exciton dissociation at the CIL/active layer interface, contributing to additional charge generation; this is crucial for enhancement of the current density. The results of this work not only develop a new design strategy for high-performance CIL, but also demonstrate a reliable approach of density functional theory (DFT) calculation to predict the effect of the CIL chemical structure on exciton dissociation in OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qian Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Cunbin An
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Bowei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jianhui Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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Li T, Chen Z, Wang Y, Tu J, Deng X, Li Q, Li Z. Materials for Interfaces in Organic Solar Cells and Photodetectors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:3301-3326. [PMID: 31845796 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b19830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Interface engineering is very important to the high performance of organic optoelectronic devices that are commonly composed of multilayer thin solid films. Interfacial materials are particularly crucial for interface engineering, and a variety of materials have been employed at the interface to accomplish various different functions. This Review summarizes various materials for the interfaces and some of the latest progress in organic solar cells (OSCs) and organic photodetectors (OPDs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhao Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Harbin Institute of Technology , Shenzhen 518055 , China
| | - Zixuan Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Harbin Institute of Technology , Shenzhen 518055 , China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Harbin Institute of Technology , Shenzhen 518055 , China
| | - Jin Tu
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China
| | - Xianyu Deng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Harbin Institute of Technology , Shenzhen 518055 , China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China
| | - Zhen Li
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science , Tianjin University , Tianjin 30072 , China
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Metal complex hybrid composites based on fullerene-bearing porous polycarbazole for H2, CO2 and CH4 uptake and heterogeneous hydrogenation catalysis. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.02.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Liu Y, Sheri M, Cole MD, Yu DM, Emrick T, Russell TP. Transforming Ionene Polymers into Efficient Cathode Interlayers with Pendent Fullerenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:5677-5681. [PMID: 30861272 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201901536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A new and highly efficient cathode interlayer material for organic photovoltaics (OPVs) was produced by integrating C60 fullerene monomers into ionene polymers. The power of these novel "C60 -ionenes" for interface modification enables the use of numerous high work-function metals (e.g., silver, copper, and gold) as the cathode in efficient OPV devices. C60 -ionene boosted power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of solar cells, fabricated with silver cathodes, from 2.79 % to 10.51 % for devices with a fullerene acceptor in the active layer, and from 3.89 % to 11.04 % for devices with a non-fullerene acceptor in the active layer, demonstrating the versatility of this interfacial layer. The introduction of fullerene moieties dramatically improved the conductivity of ionene polymers, affording devices with high efficiency by reducing charge accumulation at the cathode/active layer interface. The power of C60 -ionene to improve electron injection and extraction between metal electrodes and organic semiconductors highlights its promise to overcome energy barriers at the hard-soft materials interface to the benefit of organic electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Madhu Sheri
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Marcus D Cole
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Duk Man Yu
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Todd Emrick
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Thomas P Russell
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
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20
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Liu Y, Sheri M, Cole MD, Yu DM, Emrick T, Russell TP. Transforming Ionene Polymers into Efficient Cathode Interlayers with Pendent Fullerenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201901536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
| | - Madhu Sheri
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department University of Massachusetts Amherst 120 Governors Drive Amherst MA 01003 USA
| | - Marcus D. Cole
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department University of Massachusetts Amherst 120 Governors Drive Amherst MA 01003 USA
| | - Duk Man Yu
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department University of Massachusetts Amherst 120 Governors Drive Amherst MA 01003 USA
| | - Todd Emrick
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department University of Massachusetts Amherst 120 Governors Drive Amherst MA 01003 USA
| | - Thomas P. Russell
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department University of Massachusetts Amherst 120 Governors Drive Amherst MA 01003 USA
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21
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Wu M, Zhou J, Luo Y, Zheng N, Wang C, Liu L, Xie Z, Ma Y. Construction of J-type aggregates as multi-functional interlayers for nonfullerene polymer solar cells. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo00934a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Light-absorbing J-aggregates: a new strategy to develop high performance cathode interlayers with solar concentrating functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minming Wu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- P. R. China
| | - Jiadong Zhou
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- P. R. China
| | - Yinqi Luo
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- P. R. China
| | - Nan Zheng
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- P. R. China
| | - Cong Wang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- P. R. China
| | - Linlin Liu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- P. R. China
| | - Zengqi Xie
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- P. R. China
| | - Yuguang Ma
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- P. R. China
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