1
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Huertas-Morales I, Cendón B, Costa D, Mascareñas JL, Gulías M. Assembly of 2-Substituted Tetrahydroquinolines from ortho-Methylbenzenesulfamides and Dienes, Using a C(sp 3)-H Activation/Annulation Sequence. Org Lett 2024. [PMID: 39258816 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c02292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroquinolines (THQs) are essential structural cores in many natural products and pharmaceutical drugs. Especially relevant are those presenting substitutions at position 2, yet practical methods for their one-step assembly from acyclic precursors are very scarce. Herein, we present a straightforward approach to assembling these skeletons from ortho-methylanilines using a palladium-catalyzed C(sp3)-H activation/formal cycloaddition sequence. Key for the success of the approach is the use of dienes as partners, since they lead to stable π-allyl palladium intermediates that prevent β-hydride elimination processes and allow installation of versatile alkenyl handles at position 2. Moreover, installing a perfluorobenzenesulfonyl substituent at the amine not only facilitates the C-H activation but also allows for an easy recovery of the free amine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Huertas-Morales
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Borja Cendón
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Domingo Costa
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Luis Mascareñas
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Moisés Gulías
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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2
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Keerthana MS, Jeganmohan M. Palladium-catalyzed site-selective functionalization of unactivated alkenes with vinylcyclopropanes aided by weakly coordinating native amides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:7347-7350. [PMID: 38916280 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc01034e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we have demonstrated a palladium-catalyzed regioselective allylation of unactivated alkenes with vinylcyclopropanes assisted by weak-coordinating native amides. The reaction exhibits wide substrate scope and excellent β-selectivity. Substrate diversification was performed to demonstrate the synthetic utility of the reaction. Mechanistic investigations were carried out to provide an insight into the reaction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Masilamani Jeganmohan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India.
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3
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Liashuk OS, Andriashvili VA, Tolmachev AO, Grygorenko OO. Chemoselective Reactions of Functionalized Sulfonyl Halides. CHEM REC 2024; 24:e202300256. [PMID: 37823680 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Chemoselective transformations of functionalized sulfonyl fluorides and chlorides are surveyed comprehensively. It is shown that sulfonyl fluorides provide an excellent selectivity control in their reactions. Thus, numerous conditions are tolerated by the SO2 F group - from amide and ester formation to directed ortho-lithiation and transition-metal-catalyzed cross-couplings. Meanwhile, sulfur (VI) fluoride exchange (SuFEx) is also compatible with numerous functional groups, thus confirming its title of "another click reaction". On the contrary, with a few exceptions, most transformations of functionalized sulfonyl chlorides typically occur at the SO2 Cl moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr S Liashuk
- Enamine Ltd. (www.enamine.net), Winston Churchill Street 78, Kyїv, 02094, Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street 60, Kyїv, 01601, Ukraine
| | - Vladyslav A Andriashvili
- Enamine Ltd. (www.enamine.net), Winston Churchill Street 78, Kyїv, 02094, Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street 60, Kyїv, 01601, Ukraine
| | - Andriy O Tolmachev
- Enamine Ltd. (www.enamine.net), Winston Churchill Street 78, Kyїv, 02094, Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street 60, Kyїv, 01601, Ukraine
| | - Oleksandr O Grygorenko
- Enamine Ltd. (www.enamine.net), Winston Churchill Street 78, Kyїv, 02094, Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street 60, Kyїv, 01601, Ukraine
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4
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Bhavyesh D, Soliya S, Konakanchi R, Begari E, Ashalu KC, Naveen T. The Recent Advances in Iron-Catalyzed C(sp 3 )-H Functionalization. Chem Asian J 2023:e202301056. [PMID: 38149480 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202301056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
The use of iron as a core metal in catalysis has become a research topic of interest over the last few decades. The reasons are clear. Iron is the most abundant transition metal on Earth's crust and it is widely distributed across the world. It has been extracted and processed since the dawn of civilization. All these features render iron a noncontaminant, biocompatible, nontoxic, and inexpensive metal and therefore it constitutes the perfect candidate to replace noble metals (rhodium, palladium, platinum, iridium, etc.). Moreover, direct C-H functionalization is one of the most efficient strategies by which to introduce new functional groups into small organic molecules. The majority of organic compounds contain C(sp3 )-H bonds. Given the enormous importance of organic molecules in so many aspects of existence, the utilization and bioactivity of C(sp3 )-H bonds are of the utmost importance. This review sheds light on the substrate scope, selectivity, benefits, and limitations of iron catalysts for direct C(sp3 )-H bond activations. An overview of the use of iron catalysis in C(sp3 )-H activation protocols is summarized herein up to 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desai Bhavyesh
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology Surat, Gujarat, 395 007, India
| | - Sudha Soliya
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology Surat, Gujarat, 395 007, India
| | - Ramaiah Konakanchi
- Department of Chemistry, VNR Vignana Jyoti Institute of Engineering and Technology, Hyderabad, 500090, India
| | - Eeshwaraiah Begari
- School of Applied Material Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, 382030, India
| | - Kashamalla Chinna Ashalu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Indrashil University, Rajpur, Kadi, Gujarat, 382715, India
| | - Togati Naveen
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology Surat, Gujarat, 395 007, India
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5
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Sukowski V, van Borselen M, Mathew S, de Bruin B, Fernández-Ibáñez MÁ. meta-C-H Arylation of Aniline Derivatives via Palladium/ S,O-Ligand/Norbornene Cooperative Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023:e202317741. [PMID: 38079090 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Aromatic amines are ubiquitous moieties in organic molecules and their direct functionalization is of great interest in many research areas due to their prevalence in pharmaceuticals and organic electronics. While several synthetic tools exist for the ortho- and para-functionalization of anilines, the functionalization of the less reactive meta-position is not easy to achieve with current methods. To date, the meta-C-H arylation of aniline derivatives has been restricted to either the use of directing groups & templates, or their transformation into anilides & quaternary anilinium salts. Herein, we report the first general and efficient meta-C-H-arylation of non-directed aniline derivatives via cooperative catalysis with a palladium-S,O-ligand-norbornene system. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions with a wide range of aniline derivatives and aryl iodides, while being operationally simple and scalable. Our preliminary mechanistic investigation-including the isolation of several palladium complexes and deuterium experiments-reveal useful insights into the substituent-effects of both the aniline-substrate and the norbornene-mediator during the meta-C-H activation step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Sukowski
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Manuela van Borselen
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Simon Mathew
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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6
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Logeswaran R, Jeganmohan M. Dehydrogenative Cross-Coupling of α,β-Unsaturated Compounds with Unactivated Olefins via Co(III) Catalysis. Org Lett 2023; 25:6284-6289. [PMID: 37603494 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
An oxidative cross-coupling of α,β-unsaturated compounds with unactivated alkenes via cobalt-catalyzed vinylic C-H activation has been developed. The present catalytic reaction was examined with various differently functionalized unsaturated compounds and unactivated olefins. In these reactions, highly valuable amide functionalized butadienes and indenones were prepared in good to excellent yields. A possible reaction mechanism is proposed involving directed olefinic C-H activation through a base-assisted deprotonation pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravichandran Logeswaran
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Masilamani Jeganmohan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
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7
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Tomanik M, Yu JQ. Palladium-Catalyzed Stitching of 1,3-C(sp 3)-H Bonds with Dihaloarenes: Short Synthesis of (±)-Echinolactone D. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:17919-17925. [PMID: 37526629 PMCID: PMC11139438 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c05383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Palladium-catalyzed C(sp3)-H functionalization presents an efficient strategy to construct a variety of carbon-carbon bonds. However, application of this approach toward the preparation of five-membered benzo-fused carbocycles via the most simplifying C-H activation logic has not been realized. In this Article, we report a palladium-catalyzed annulation reaction between gem-dimethyl-containing amides and 1-bromo-2-iodoarenes that effectively constructs two Calkyl-Caryl bonds and provides access to a variety of five-membered benzo-fused compounds. In this transformation, the dihaloarene is stitched to the gem-dimethyl moiety via two sequential β-C(sp3)-H arylations utilizing the differential reactivity of the 1,2-difunctionalized electrophile. This annulation reaction is enabled by a dual-ligand system comprising of an N-acyl glycine and a pyridine-3-sulfonic acid that synergistically promotes the palladium stitching and provides the bicyclic products. This method displays a broad substrate scope and shows excellent amide compatibility. We also demonstrate the synthetic potential of this annulation by synthesizing echinolactone D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Tomanik
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Jin-Quan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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8
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Naskar G, Jeganmohan M. Palladium-Catalyzed [3 + 2] Annulation of Aromatic Amides with Maleimides through Dual C-H Activation. Org Lett 2023; 25:2190-2195. [PMID: 36966393 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
A palladium-catalyzed [3 + 2] annulation of substituted aromatic amides with maleimides providing tricyclic heterocyclic molecules in good to moderate yields through weak carbonyl chelation is reported. The reaction proceeds via a dual C-H bond activation where the first C-H activation takes place selectively at the benzylic position followed by a second C-H bond activation at the meta position to afford a five-membered cyclic ring. An external ligand Ac-Gly-OH has been used to succeed in this protocol. A plausible reaction mechanism has been proposed for the [3 + 2] annulation reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gouranga Naskar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Masilamani Jeganmohan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
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9
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Logeswaran R, Jeganmohan M. Synthesis of Selenoflavones via Ruthenium-Catalyzed Selenylation of Unsaturated Acids. J Org Chem 2023; 88:4554-4568. [PMID: 36947709 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
An efficient method for pharmaceutically useful selenoflavones via a ruthenium-catalyzed selenylation reaction is demonstrated. The ruthenium-catalyzed selenylation was applied to synthesize diverse alkenyl selenides from simple unsaturated acids/amides and diaryl diselenides. A wide range of differently substituted diaryl diselenides can be applied in this protocol with a good functional group with excellent stereo- and regioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravichandran Logeswaran
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Masilamani Jeganmohan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
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10
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Zhu L, Deng L, Xie Y, Liu L, Ma X, Liu R. Mechanochemistry, Solvent-free and scale-up: Application toward coupling of Acids and Amines to Amides. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2023.100882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
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11
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Han F, Lu GS, Wu DP, Huang PQ. Iridium and B(C6F5)3 co-catalyzed chemoselective deoxygenative reduction of tertiary amides: application to the efficient synthesis and late-stage modification of pharmaceuticals. Sci China Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1501-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
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12
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Wakikawa T, Sekine D, Murata Y, Bunno Y, Kojima M, Nagashima Y, Tanaka K, Yoshino T, Matsunaga S. Native Amide-Directed C(sp 3 )-H Amidation Enabled by Electron-Deficient Rh III Catalyst and Electron-Deficient 2-Pyridone Ligand. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202213659. [PMID: 36305194 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202213659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Trivalent group-9 metal catalysts with a cyclopentadienyl-type ligand (CpMIII ; M=Co, Rh, Ir, Cp=cyclopentadienyl) have been widely used for directed C-H functionalizations, albeit that their application to challenging C(sp3 )-H functionalizations suffers from the limitations of the available directing groups. In this report, we describe directed C(sp3 )-H amidation reactions of simple amide substrates with a variety of substituents. The combination of an electron-deficient CpE Rh catalyst (CpE =1,3-bis(ethoxycarbonyl)-substituted Cp) and an electron-deficient 2-pyridone ligand is essential for high reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Wakikawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Daichi Sekine
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Yuta Murata
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Youka Bunno
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kojima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Yuki Nagashima
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Ken Tanaka
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Yoshino
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan.,Global Station for Biosurfaces and Drug Discovery, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Shigeki Matsunaga
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan.,Global Station for Biosurfaces and Drug Discovery, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
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13
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Tomanik M, Qian S, Yu JQ. Pd(II)-Catalyzed Synthesis of Bicyclo[3.2.1] Lactones via Tandem Intramolecular β-C(sp 3)-H Olefination and Lactonization of Free Carboxylic Acids. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:11955-11960. [PMID: 35763801 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c04195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Bicyclo[3.2.1] lactones are chemical scaffolds found in numerous bioactive natural products. Herein, we detail the development of a novel palladium(II)-catalyzed tandem intramolecular β-C(sp3)-H olefination and lactonization reaction that rapidly transforms linear carboxylic acid possessing a tethered olefin into the bicyclo[3.2.1] lactone motif. This transformation features a broad substrate scope, shows excellent functional group compatibility, and can be extended to the preparation of the related seven-membered bicyclo[4.2.1] lactones. Additionally, we demonstrate the synthetic potential of this annulation by constructing the 6,6,5-tricyclic lactone core structure of the meroterpenoid cochlactone A. We anticipate that this compelling reaction may provide a novel synthetic disconnection that can be broadly applied toward the preparation of a variety of bioactive natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Tomanik
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Shaoqun Qian
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Jin-Quan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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14
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Frye NL, Daniliuc CG, Studer A. Radical 1-Fluorosulfonyl-2-alkynylation of Unactivated Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202115593. [PMID: 34958162 PMCID: PMC9305502 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202115593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Sulfonyl fluorides have found widespread use in chemical biology and drug discovery. The development of synthetic methods for the introduction of the sulfonyl fluoride moiety is therefore of importance. Herein, a transition-metal-free radical 1,2-difunctionalization of unactivated alkenes via FSO2 -radical addition with subsequent vicinal alkynylation to access β-alkynyl-fluorosulfonylalkanes is presented. Alkynyl sulfonyl fluorides are introduced as highly valuable bifunctional radical trapping reagents that also serve as FSO2 -radical precursors. The β-alkynyl-fluorosulfonylalkanes obtained in these transformations can be readily diversified by using SuFEx click chemistry to obtain sulfonates and sulfonamides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Lennart Frye
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätCorrensstraße 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätCorrensstraße 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Armido Studer
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätCorrensstraße 4048149MünsterGermany
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15
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Ali S, Rani A, Khan S. Manganese-Catalyzed C-H Functionalizations Driven via Weak Coordination: Recent Developments and Perspectives. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.153749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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16
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Ma L, Zhang X, Tuo Y, Zheng QZ. Cp*Rh(III)-Catalyzed Regioselective C(sp 2)-H Mono- and Dialkynylation of Thioamides by Sulfur Coordination. J Org Chem 2022; 87:3691-3700. [PMID: 35138097 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An efficient Cp*Rh(III)-catalyzed regioselective C(sp2)-H mono- and dialkynylation of thioamides was described. This reaction was performed under mild conditions in high yields (up to 98%) with a broad substrate scope. Significantly, the versatility of this method was further demonstrated by controlled mono- and dialkynylation. Application of this protocol in the late stage functionalization of two drug molecules (Adapalene and Amoxapine) was also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Yanyan Tuo
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Qing-Zhong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Rd. 38, Beijing 100191, China
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17
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Font M, Gulías M, Mascareñas JL. Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed Annulations Involving the Activation of C(sp
3
)−H Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202112848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Font
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) Departamento de Química Orgánica Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 15782 Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Moisés Gulías
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) Departamento de Química Orgánica Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 15782 Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - José Luis Mascareñas
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) Departamento de Química Orgánica Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 15782 Santiago de Compostela Spain
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18
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Font M, Gulías M, Mascareñas JL. Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Annulations Involving the Activation of C(sp 3 )-H Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202112848. [PMID: 34699657 PMCID: PMC9300013 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202112848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The selective functionalization of C(sp3 )-H bonds using transition-metal catalysis is among the more attractive transformations of modern synthetic chemistry. In addition to its inherent atom economy, such reactions open unconventional retrosynthetic pathways that can streamline synthetic processes. However, the activation of intrinsically inert C(sp3 )-H bonds, and the selection among very similar C-H bonds, represent highly challenging goals. In recent years there has been notable progress tackling these issues, especially with regard to the development of intermolecular reactions entailing the formation of C-C and C-heteroatom bonds. Conversely, the assembly of cyclic products from simple acyclic precursors using metal-catalyzed C(sp3 )-H bond activations has been less explored. Only recently has the number of reports on such annulations started to grow. Herein we give an overview of some of the more relevant advances in this exciting topic.
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Grants
- SAF2016-76689-R Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades
- PID2019-108624RBI00 Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades
- PID2019-110385GB-I00 Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades
- IJCI-2017-31450 Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades
- 2021-CP054, ED431C-2021/25 Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria, Xunta de Galicia
- ED431G 2019/03 Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria, Xunta de Galicia
- 340055 FP7 Ideas: European Research Council
- European Regional Development Fund
- Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades
- Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria, Xunta de Galicia
- FP7 Ideas: European Research Council
- European Regional Development Fund
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Font
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS)Departamento de Química OrgánicaUniversidade de Santiago de Compostela15782Santiago de CompostelaSpain
| | - Moisés Gulías
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS)Departamento de Química OrgánicaUniversidade de Santiago de Compostela15782Santiago de CompostelaSpain
| | - José Luis Mascareñas
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS)Departamento de Química OrgánicaUniversidade de Santiago de Compostela15782Santiago de CompostelaSpain
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19
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Frye NL, Daniliuc CG, Studer A. Radikalische 1‐Fluorsulfonyl‐2‐alkinylierung von nicht aktivierten Alkenen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202115593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nils Lennart Frye
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland)
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland)
| | - Armido Studer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland)
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20
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Abstract
We developed an electrochemical carboamidation sequence that affords either cyclic β-amidoamine products via direct functionalization or linear hydroxybisamide products via a ring opening pathway. The reaction pathway was dependent on the nature of the N-acyl activating group, with carbamate groups favoring direct isocyanide addition to the N-acyliminium ion intermediate and the benzoyl activating group favoring the ring opening-functionalization pathway. Both protocols are one-pot reaction sequences, have general applicability, and lead to peptide-like products of greatly increased molecular complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feijun Wang
- Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, 125 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Kevin J Frankowski
- Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, 125 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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21
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Liu B, Romine AM, Rubel CZ, Engle KM, Shi BF. Transition-Metal-Catalyzed, Coordination-Assisted Functionalization of Nonactivated C(sp 3)-H Bonds. Chem Rev 2021; 121:14957-15074. [PMID: 34714620 PMCID: PMC8968411 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Transition-metal-catalyzed, coordination-assisted C(sp3)-H functionalization has revolutionized synthetic planning over the past few decades as the use of these directing groups has allowed for increased access to many strategic positions in organic molecules. Nonetheless, several challenges remain preeminent, such as the requirement for high temperatures, the difficulty in removing or converting directing groups, and, although many metals provide some reactivity, the difficulty in employing metals outside of palladium. This review aims to give a comprehensive overview of coordination-assisted, transition-metal-catalyzed, direct functionalization of nonactivated C(sp3)-H bonds by covering the literature since 2004 in order to demonstrate the current state-of-the-art methods as well as the current limitations. For clarity, this review has been divided into nine sections by the transition metal catalyst with subdivisions by the type of bond formation. Synthetic applications and reaction mechanism are discussed where appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Rd., Hangzhou 310027, China.,College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Andrew M. Romine
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Camille Z. Rubel
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Keary M. Engle
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, California 92037, United States.,Corresponding Author- (K. M. E.); (B.-F. S.)
| | - Bing-Feng Shi
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Rd., Hangzhou 310027, China.,College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China,Corresponding Author- (K. M. E.); (B.-F. S.)
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22
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Falcone NA, Bosse AT, Park H, Yu JQ, Davies HML, Sorensen EJ. A C-H Functionalization Strategy Enables an Enantioselective Formal Synthesis of (-)-Aflatoxin B 2. Org Lett 2021; 23:9393-9397. [PMID: 34865494 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
An enantioselective formal synthesis of (-)-aflatoxin B2 from 4-methoxyphenylacetic acid has been achieved by an approach that produces a key carbon-carbon bond, a benzylic stereocenter, and two arene carbon-oxygen bonds in the course of three site-selective C-H functionalizations. The carbonyl-directed acetoxylation of two arene C-H bonds described herein is unprecedented in natural product synthesis and occurs under mild conditions that preserve the configuration of a sensitive benzylic stereocenter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Falcone
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Aaron T Bosse
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Hojoon Park
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Jin-Quan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Huw M L Davies
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Erik J Sorensen
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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23
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Wu Y, Xu S, Wang H, Shao D, Qi Q, Lu Y, Ma L, Zhou J, Hu W, Gao W, Chen J. Directing Group Enables Electrochemical Selectively Meta-Bromination of Pyridines under Mild Conditions. J Org Chem 2021; 86:16144-16150. [PMID: 34128672 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Without the use of catalysts and oxidants, a facile and sustainable electrochemical bromination protocol was developed. By introducing the directing groups, the regioselectivity of pyridine derivatives could be controlled at the meta-position utilizing the inexpensive and safe bromine salts at room temperature. A variety of brominated pyridine derivatives were obtained in 28-95% yields, and the reaction could be readily performed at a gram scale. By combining the installation and removing the directing group, the concept of meta-bromination of pyridines could be verified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei Wu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanghui Xu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongxu Shao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiqi Qi
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Lu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Ma
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Zhou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Hu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Gao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, People's Republic of China.,Archives of Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianbin Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, People's Republic of China
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24
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Xue Y, Park HS, Jiang C, Yu JQ. Palladium-Catalyzed β-C(sp 3)–H Nitrooxylation of Ketones and Amides Using Practical Oxidants. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c04188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xue
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Han Seul Park
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Chao Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Jin-Quan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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25
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Pei X, Li Y, Lu L, Jiao H, Gong W, Zhang L. Highly Dispersed Pd Clusters Anchored on Nanoporous Cellulose Microspheres as a Highly Efficient Catalyst for the Suzuki Coupling Reaction. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:44418-44426. [PMID: 34495649 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
With the depletion of nonrenewable resources such as oil/coal/gas, more and more research studies began to focus on the high-value utilization of residual biomass resources. Herein, for the first time, honeycomb nanoporous microspheres fabricated from renewable biomass resources of cellulose were used as a carrier to fabricate a highly dispersed palladium (Pd) nanocatalyst. Various physicochemical characterizations presented convincing pieces of evidence for the good dispersion of Pd clusters with a mean diameter of 1.6 nm. As the carrier, cellulose microspheres with an interconnected nanoporous structure contributed to the adhesion and dispersion of Pd particles, and their rich hydroxyl groups could fix the Pd particles. Importantly, the cellulose matrix could in situ induce the formation of metallic Pd(0) during calcination without a reductant. The cellulose/Pd catalyst was applied to the Suzuki coupling reaction, which exhibited promising catalytic activity compared to commercial Pd/C and unsupported homogeneous Pd(OAc)2 catalysts, as well as good stability. The utilization of the residual biomass resource to build catalyst materials would be important for the sustainable chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglin Pei
- School of Materials and Architectural Engineering, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Lijun Lu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Huibin Jiao
- School of Materials and Architectural Engineering, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Wei Gong
- School of Materials and Architectural Engineering, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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26
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Logeswaran R, Jeganmohan M. Effect of Transition Metals on Chemodivergent Cross-Coupling of Acrylamides with Vinyl Acetate via C-H Activation. Org Lett 2021; 23:5679-5683. [PMID: 34264083 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A novel chemodivergent cross-coupling of acrylamides and vinyl acetates has been realized via metal-catalyzed vinylic C-H activation. The selective olefinic C-H vinylation and alkenylation reaction was examined with a variety of differently functionalized acrylamides. The reaction efficiently generates a range of highly synthetically valuable butadienes with good functional group tolerance in good to moderate yields. A possible catalytic reaction mechanism involving the chelation-assisted olefinic C-H activation via an acetate-assisted deprotonation pathway is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravichandran Logeswaran
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Masilamani Jeganmohan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036 Tamil Nadu, India
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27
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Hao HY, Lou SJ, Wang S, Zhou K, Wu QZ, Mao YJ, Xu ZY, Xu DQ. Pd-catalysed β-selective C(sp 3)-H arylation of simple amides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:8055-8058. [PMID: 34291778 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc02261j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
An efficient Pd-catalysed β-C(sp3)-H arylation of diverse native amides with aryl iodides was developed. This protocol overcomes the necessity of the Thorpe-Ingold effect and features broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance. The potential application of this protocol is collectively demonstrated by gram-scale synthesis and the synthesis of several bioactive molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yan Hao
- Catalytic Hydrogenation Research Center, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
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28
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Lam NYS, Wu K, Yu JQ. Advancing the Logic of Chemical Synthesis: C-H Activation as Strategic and Tactical Disconnections for C-C Bond Construction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:15767-15790. [PMID: 33073459 PMCID: PMC8177825 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202011901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The design of synthetic routes by retrosynthetic logic is decisively influenced by the transformations available. Transition-metal-catalyzed C-H activation has emerged as a powerful strategy for C-C bond formation, with myriad methods developed for diverse substrates and coupling partners. However, its uptake in total synthesis has been tepid, partially due to their apparent synthetic intractability, as well as a lack of comprehensive guidelines for implementation. This Review addresses these issues and offers a guide to identify retrosynthetic opportunities to generate C-C bonds by C-H activation processes. By comparing total syntheses accomplished using traditional approaches and recent C-H activation methods, this Review demonstrates how C-H activation enabled C-C bond construction has led to more efficient retrosynthetic strategies, as well as the execution of previously unattainable tactical maneuvers. Finally, shortcomings of existing processes are highlighted; this Review illustrates how some highlighted total syntheses can be further economized by adopting next-generation ligand-enabled approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelson Y S Lam
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Kevin Wu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Jin-Quan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
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29
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Vijaykumar M, Punji B. Pd(II)-Catalyzed Chemoselective Acetoxylation of C(sp 2)-H and C(sp 3)-H Bonds in Tertiary Amides. J Org Chem 2021; 86:8172-8181. [PMID: 34038129 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Palladium-catalyzed chemoselective C(sp2)-H and C(sp3)-H acetoxylation of synthetically useful tertiary amides is reported under relatively mild reaction conditions. This protocol proceeds through the assistance of a weakly coordinated directing group (C═O) and requires low catalyst (1.0 mol %) loading. Diverse functionalities, such as C(sp2)-Cl, C(sp3)-Cl, -CF3, -COOEt, and -NO2 groups, including morpholinyl, piperazinyl, and pyrrolidinyl heterocycles, are compatible under the reaction conditions. Further functionalization of this protocol is demonstrated by hydrolysis to alcohols, alcohol-acids, as well as reduction to tertiary amines. A preliminary kinetic isotope effect study supported the rate-limiting C-H bond activation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muniyappa Vijaykumar
- Organometallic Synthesis and Catalysis Lab, Chemical Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411 008, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Benudhar Punji
- Organometallic Synthesis and Catalysis Lab, Chemical Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411 008, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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30
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Yang L, Xie H, An G, Li G. Acid-Enabled Palladium-Catalyzed β-C(sp3)–H Functionalization of Weinreb Amides. J Org Chem 2021; 86:7872-7880. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liming Yang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, No. 74, Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Henan Xie
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, No. 74, Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guanghui An
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, No. 74, Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guangming Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, No. 74, Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150080, People’s Republic of China
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31
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Zhang J, Zhang S, Zou H. Acid- and Base-Switched Palladium-Catalyzed γ-C(sp 3)-H Alkylation and Alkenylation of Neopentylamine. Org Lett 2021; 23:3466-3471. [PMID: 33881892 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The functionalization of remote unactivated C(sp3)-H and the reaction selectivity are among the core pursuits for transition-metal catalytic system development. Herein, we report Pd-catalyzed γ-C(sp3)-H-selective alkylation and alkenylation with removable 7-azaindole as a directing group. Acid and base were found to be the decisive regulators for the selective alkylation and alkenylation, respectively, on the same single substrate under otherwise the same reaction conditions. Various acrylates were compatible for the formation of C(sp3)-C(sp3) and C(sp3)-C(sp2) bonds. The alkenylation protocol could be further extended to acrylates with natural product units and α,β-unsaturated ketones. The preliminary synthetic manipulation of the alkylation and alkenylation products demonstrates the potential of this strategy for structurally diverse aliphatic chain extension and functionalization. Mechanistic experimental studies showed that the acidic and basic catalytic transformations shared the same six-membered dimer palladacycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinquan Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Shuaizhong Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Hongbin Zou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
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32
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Bhattacharya T, Ghosh A, Maiti D. Hexafluoroisopropanol: the magical solvent for Pd-catalyzed C-H activation. Chem Sci 2021; 12:3857-3870. [PMID: 34163654 PMCID: PMC8179444 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc06937j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Among numerous solvents available for chemical transformations, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol (popularly known as HFIP) has attracted enough attention of the scientific community in recent years. Several unique features of HFIP compared to its non-fluoro analogue isopropanol have helped this solvent to make a difference in various subdomains of organic chemistry. One such area is transition metal-catalyzed C-H bond functionalization reactions. While, on one side, HFIP is emerging as a green and sustainable deep eutectic solvent (DES), on the other side, a major proportion of Pd-catalyzed C-H functionalization is heavily relying on this solvent. In particular, for distal aromatic C-H functionalizations, the exceptional impact of HFIP to elevate the yield and selectivity has made this solvent irreplaceable. Recent research studies have also highlighted the H-bond-donating ability of HFIP to enhance the chiral induction in Pd-catalyzed atroposelective C-H activation. This perspective aims to portray different shades of HFIP as a magical solvent in Pd-catalyzed C-H functionalization reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trisha Bhattacharya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai Maharashtra 400076 India
| | - Animesh Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai Maharashtra 400076 India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai Maharashtra 400076 India
- Tokyo Tech World Research Hub Initiative (WRHI), Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo 152-8550 Japan
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33
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Lam NYS, Wu K, Yu J. Advancing the Logic of Chemical Synthesis: C−H Activation as Strategic and Tactical Disconnections for C−C Bond Construction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202011901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nelson Y. S. Lam
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Kevin Wu
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Jin‐Quan Yu
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
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34
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Ali W, Prakash G, Maiti D. Recent development in transition metal-catalysed C-H olefination. Chem Sci 2021; 12:2735-2759. [PMID: 34164039 PMCID: PMC8179420 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc05555g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Transition metal-catalysed functionalizations of inert C-H bonds to construct C-C bonds represent an ideal route in the synthesis of valuable organic molecules. Fine tuning of directing groups, catalysts and ligands has played a crucial role in selective C-H bond (sp2 or sp3) activation. Recent developments in these areas have assured a high level of regioselectivity in C-H olefination reactions. In this review, we have summarized the recent progress in the oxidative olefination of sp2 and sp3 C-H bonds with special emphasis on distal, atroposelective, non-directed sp2 and directed sp3 C-H olefination. The scope, limitation, and mechanism of various transition metal-catalysed olefination reactions have been described briefly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wajid Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai Maharashtra-400076 India
| | - Gaurav Prakash
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai Maharashtra-400076 India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai Maharashtra-400076 India
- Tokyo Tech World Research Hub Initiative (WRHI), Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo 152-8550 Japan
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35
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Huo X, Han J, Yan X, Zhang H, Xiong J, Liu J, Wang X, Li H, Huo L. Pd‐Catalyzed
ortho
‐C−H Olefination of Benzenesulfonamides Directed by 7‐Azaindole. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xing Huo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University 222 South Tianshui Road Lanzhou 730000, Gansu P. R. China
| | - Jun Han
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University 222 South Tianshui Road Lanzhou 730000, Gansu P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxiao Yan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University 222 South Tianshui Road Lanzhou 730000, Gansu P. R. China
| | - Heng Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University 222 South Tianshui Road Lanzhou 730000, Gansu P. R. China
| | - Juan Xiong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University 222 South Tianshui Road Lanzhou 730000, Gansu P. R. China
| | - Jian Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University 222 South Tianshui Road Lanzhou 730000, Gansu P. R. China
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University 222 South Tianshui Road Lanzhou 730000, Gansu P. R. China
| | - Huilin Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University 222 South Tianshui Road Lanzhou 730000, Gansu P. R. China
| | - Leiming Huo
- The Neurosurgery of the First Hospital of Lanzhou University Lanzhou University 1 West Donggang Road Lanzhou 730000, Gansu P. R. China
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36
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Shao NQ, Chen YH, Li C, Wang DH. Synthesis of γ-Lactams via Pd(II)-Catalyzed C(sp 3)-H Olefination Using a Self-Cleaving Polyfluoroethylsulfinyl Directing Group. Org Lett 2020; 22:7141-7146. [PMID: 32875802 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A monodentate directing group, 2-chlorotetrafluoroethylsulfinylmide (-NHSOCF2CF2Cl), for inert C(sp3)-H bond activation is reported. This directing group shows efficient ability in Pd(II)-catalyzed C(sp3)-H olefination. The desired olefination products undergo subsequent Michael addition and in situ expulsion of the auxiliary to provide the free NH γ-lactam products. Preliminary mechanistic studies reveal that the auxiliary group is crucial for C(sp3)-H activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan-Qi Shao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS, 345 Lingling Rd., Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yu-Hao Chen
- School of Biotechnology & Health Sciences, Wuyi University, 22 Dongcheng Vill., Jiangmen, Guangdong 529020, China
| | - Chen Li
- School of Biotechnology & Health Sciences, Wuyi University, 22 Dongcheng Vill., Jiangmen, Guangdong 529020, China
| | - Dong-Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS, 345 Lingling Rd., Shanghai 200032, China
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37
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Park H, Yu JQ. Palladium-Catalyzed [3 + 2] Cycloaddition via Twofold 1,3-C(sp 3)-H Activation. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:16552-16556. [PMID: 32898416 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c08290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cycloaddition reactions provide an expeditious route to construct ring systems in a highly convergent and stereoselective manner. For a typical cycloaddition reaction to occur, however, the installation of multiple reactive functional groups (π-bonds, leaving group, etc.) is required within the substrates, compromising the overall efficiency or scope of the cycloaddition reaction. Here, we report a palladium-catalyzed [3 + 2] reaction that utilizes twofold C(sp3)-H activation to generate the three-carbon unit for formal cycloaddition. The initial β-C(sp3)-H activation of aliphatic amide, followed by maleimide insertion, triggers a relayed, second C(sp3)-H activation to complete a formal [3 + 2] cycloaddition. The key to success was the use of weakly coordinating amide as the directing group, as previous studies have shown that Heck or alkylation pathways are preferred when stronger-coordinating directing groups are used with maleimide coupling partners. To promote the amide-directed C(sp3)-H activation step, the use of pyridine-3-sulfonic acid ligands is crucial. This method is compatible with a wide range of amide substrates, including lactams, which lead to spiro-bicyclic products. The [3 + 2] product is also shown to undergo a reductive desymmetrization process to access chiral cyclopentane bearing multiple stereocenters with excellent enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hojoon Park
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Jin-Quan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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38
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Zhang J, Liu Y, Jia Q, Wang Y, Ma Y, Szostak M. Ruthenium(II)-Catalyzed C–H Arylation of N,N-Dialkyl Thiobenzamides with Boronic Acids by Sulfur Coordination in 2-MeTHF. Org Lett 2020; 22:6884-6890. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
| | - Qiangqiang Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Yue Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
| | - Yangmin Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
| | - Michal Szostak
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
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39
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Park HS, Fan Z, Zhu RY, Yu JQ. Distal γ-C(sp 3 )-H Olefination of Ketone Derivatives and Free Carboxylic Acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:12853-12859. [PMID: 32385966 PMCID: PMC7494175 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202003271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Reported herein is the distal γ-C(sp3 )-H olefination of ketone derivatives and free carboxylic acids. Fine tuning of a previously reported imino-acid directing group and using the ligand combination of a mono-N-protected amino acid (MPAA) and an electron-deficient 2-pyridone were critical for the γ-C(sp3 )-H olefination of ketone substrates. In addition, MPAAs enabled the γ-C(sp3 )-H olefination of free carboxylic acids to form diverse six-membered lactones. Besides alkyl carboxylic acids, benzylic C(sp3 )-H bonds also could be functionalized to form 3,4-dihydroisocoumarin structures in a single step from 2-methyl benzoic acid derivatives. The utility of these protocols was demonstrated in large scale reactions and diversification of the γ-C(sp3 )-H olefinated products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Seul Park
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Zhoulong Fan
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Ru-Yi Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Jin-Quan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
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40
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Park HS, Fan Z, Zhu R, Yu J. Distal γ‐C(sp
3
)−H Olefination of Ketone Derivatives and Free Carboxylic Acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202003271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Han Seul Park
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Zhoulong Fan
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Ru‐Yi Zhu
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Jin‐Quan Yu
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
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41
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Jayakumar J, Vedarethinam G, Hsiao H, Sun S, Chuang S. Cascade One‐Pot Synthesis of Orange‐Red‐Fluorescent Polycyclic Cinnolino[2,3‐
f
]phenanthridin‐9‐ium Salts by Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed C−H Bond Activation of 2‐Azobiaryl Compounds and Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:689-694. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201910959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Huan‐Chang Hsiao
- Department of Applied ChemistryNational Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan
| | - Shang‐You Sun
- Department of Applied ChemistryNational Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan
| | - Shih‐Ching Chuang
- Department of Applied ChemistryNational Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan
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42
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43
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Jayakumar J, Vedarethinam G, Hsiao H, Sun S, Chuang S. Cascade One‐Pot Synthesis of Orange‐Red‐Fluorescent Polycyclic Cinnolino[2,3‐
f
]phenanthridin‐9‐ium Salts by Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed C−H Bond Activation of 2‐Azobiaryl Compounds and Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201910959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Huan‐Chang Hsiao
- Department of Applied ChemistryNational Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan
| | - Shang‐You Sun
- Department of Applied ChemistryNational Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan
| | - Shih‐Ching Chuang
- Department of Applied ChemistryNational Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan
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44
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Liu C, Lalancette R, Szostak R, Szostak M. Sterically Hindered Ketones via Palladium-Catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura Cross-Coupling of Amides by N–C(O) Activation. Org Lett 2019; 21:7976-7981. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengwei Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Roger Lalancette
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Roman Szostak
- Department of Chemistry, Wroclaw University, F. Joliot-Curie 14, Wroclaw 50-383, Poland
| | - Michal Szostak
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry and Technology for Chemical Industry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
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