1
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Rani S, Aslam S, Lal K, Noreen S, Alsader KAM, Hussain R, Shirinfar B, Ahmed N. Electrochemical C-H/C-C Bond Oxygenation: A Potential Technology for Plastic Depolymerization. CHEM REC 2024; 24:e202300331. [PMID: 38063812 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we provide eco-friendly and safely operated electrocatalytic methods for the selective oxidation directly or with water, air, light, metal catalyst or other mediators serving as the only oxygen supply. Heavy metals, stoichiometric chemical oxidants, or harsh conditions were drawbacks of earlier oxidative cleavage techniques. It has recently come to light that a crucial stage in the deconstruction of plastic waste and the utilization of biomass is the selective activation of inert C(sp3 )-C/H(sp3 ) bonds, which continues to be a significant obstacle in the chemical upcycling of resistant polyolefin waste. An appealing alternative to chemical oxidations using oxygen and catalysts is direct or indirect electrochemical conversion. An essential transition in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries is the electrochemical oxidation of C-H/C-C bonds. In this review, we discuss cutting-edge approaches to chemically recycle commercial plastics and feasible C-C/C-H bonds oxygenation routes for industrial scale-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Rani
- Department of Chemistry, The Women University Multan, Multan, 60000, Pakistan
| | - Samina Aslam
- Department of Chemistry, The Women University Multan, Multan, 60000, Pakistan
| | - Kiran Lal
- Department of Chemistry, The Women University Multan, Multan, 60000, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Noreen
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan
| | | | - Riaz Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Education Lahore, D.G. Khan Campus, 32200, Pakistan
| | - Bahareh Shirinfar
- West Herts College - University of Hertfordshire, Watford, WD17 3EZ, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nisar Ahmed
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
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2
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Vanhoof JR, De Smedt PJ, Derhaeg J, Ameloot R, De Vos DE. Metal-Free Electrocatalytic Diacetoxylation of Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202311539. [PMID: 37724630 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
1,2-Dioxygenation of alkenes leads to a structural motif ubiquitous in organic synthons, natural products and active pharmaceutical ingredients. Straightforward and green synthesis protocols starting from abundant raw materials are required for facile and sustainable access to these crucial moieties. Especially industrially abundant aliphatic alkenes have proven to be arduous substrates in sustainable 1,2-dioxygenation methods. Here, we report a highly efficient electrocatalytic diacetoxylation of alkenes under ambient conditions using a simple iodobenzene mediator and acetic acid as both the solvent and an atom-efficient reactant. This transition metal-free method is applicable to a wide range of alkenes, even challenging feedstock alkenes such as ethylene and propylene, with a broad functional group tolerance and excellent faradaic efficiencies up to 87 %. In addition, this protocol can be extrapolated to alkenoic acids, resulting in cyclization of the starting materials to valuable lactone derivatives. With aromatic alkenes, a competing mechanism of direct anodic oxidation exists which enables reaction under catalyst-free conditions. The synthetic method is extensively investigated with cyclic voltammetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jef R Vanhoof
- Centre For Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy for Sustainable Solutions (cMACS), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F p.o. box 2454, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pieter J De Smedt
- Centre For Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy for Sustainable Solutions (cMACS), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F p.o. box 2454, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Derhaeg
- Centre For Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy for Sustainable Solutions (cMACS), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F p.o. box 2454, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rob Ameloot
- Centre For Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy for Sustainable Solutions (cMACS), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F p.o. box 2454, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dirk E De Vos
- Centre For Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy for Sustainable Solutions (cMACS), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F p.o. box 2454, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
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3
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Jiang W, Wang B, Song C, Liu J. Electrocatalytic Desulfurizative Amination of Thioureas to Guanidines. J Org Chem 2023; 88:14601-14609. [PMID: 37788335 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Guanidine has been known as an important class of N-containing molecules with a wide range of applications. Described here is a selective and efficient electrochemical approach to the synthesis of guanidines from easily accessible thioureas and amines. The key to success for this reaction is the in situ generation of a hypervalent iodine reagent as a catalyst from iodoarene by anodic oxidation. This mild desulfurizative amination presents ample substrate scope and good functional group tolerance without the use of extra stoichiometric chemical oxidants. As only electrons serve as the oxidation reagents, this method offers a more straightforward and sustainable manner toward versatile guanidines, including late-stage functionalization of pharmaceutically relevant molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, China
| | - Bing Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, China
| | - Chunlan Song
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, China
- Greater Bay Area Institute for Innovation, Hunan University, Guangzhou 511300, Guangdong Province, China
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4
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Wang Y, Dana S, Long H, Xu Y, Li Y, Kaplaneris N, Ackermann L. Electrochemical Late-Stage Functionalization. Chem Rev 2023; 123:11269-11335. [PMID: 37751573 PMCID: PMC10571048 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Late-stage functionalization (LSF) constitutes a powerful strategy for the assembly or diversification of novel molecular entities with improved physicochemical or biological activities. LSF can thus greatly accelerate the development of medicinally relevant compounds, crop protecting agents, and functional materials. Electrochemical molecular synthesis has emerged as an environmentally friendly platform for the transformation of organic compounds. Over the past decade, electrochemical late-stage functionalization (eLSF) has gained major momentum, which is summarized herein up to February 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yang Xu
- Institut für Organische
und Biomolekulare Chemie and Wöhler Research Institute for
Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Yanjun Li
- Institut für Organische
und Biomolekulare Chemie and Wöhler Research Institute for
Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Nikolaos Kaplaneris
- Institut für Organische
und Biomolekulare Chemie and Wöhler Research Institute for
Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische
und Biomolekulare Chemie and Wöhler Research Institute for
Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen 37077, Germany
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5
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Jiang B, Dai M. Concise Total Syntheses of the 6-7-5 Hamigeran Natural Products. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:18731-18736. [PMID: 37603855 PMCID: PMC10472436 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c06031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report the total syntheses of four hamigeran natural products featuring a 6-7-5 tricyclic carbon skeleton. We utilized a palladium-catalyzed intramolecular cyclopropanol ring opening cross-coupling to build the central seven-membered ring and a series of oxidations including a challenging aromatic C-H oxidation to introduce the peripheral functionalities. This approach enabled us to achieve the first total syntheses of hamigeran C (14 steps), debromohamigeran I (12 steps), and hamigeran I (13 steps). Our synthesis also resulted in hamigeran G in 13 steps, which is significantly shorter than the previously reported one (24 steps, longest linear sequence).
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Affiliation(s)
- Baiyang Jiang
- Department
of Chemistry and Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Mingji Dai
- Department
of Chemistry and Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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6
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Zhang H, Rodrigalvarez J, Martin R. C(sp 2)-H Hydroxylation via Catalytic 1,4-Ni Migration with N 2O. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:17564-17569. [PMID: 37531410 PMCID: PMC10586377 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report a Ni-catalyzed C(sp2)-H hydroxylation of aryl bromides with N2O as an oxygen-atom donor. The reaction is enabled by a 1,4-Ni translocation that results in ipso/ortho difunctionalized products. Regioselectivity and stereocontrol are dictated by a judicious choice of the ligand backbone, thus giving access to either carbonyl or phenol derivatives and offering an opportunity to repurpose hazardous substances en route to valuable oxygen-containing building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Zhang
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Universitat
Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Química
Orgànica, c/Marcel·lí
Domingo, 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jesus Rodrigalvarez
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ruben Martin
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys, 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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7
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Changmai S, Sultana S, Saikia AK. Review of electrochemical transition‐metal‐catalyzed C−H functionalization reactions. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sumi Changmai
- Applied Organic Chemistry Chemical Sciences & Technology Division CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology 785006 Jorhat India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) 201002 Ghaziabad India
| | | | - Anil K. Saikia
- Indian Institute of Technology-Guwahati Department of Chemistry Guwahati 781039 Assam India
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8
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Elsherbini M, Moran WJ. Toward a General Protocol for Catalytic Oxidative Transformations Using Electrochemically Generated Hypervalent Iodine Species. J Org Chem 2023; 88:1424-1433. [PMID: 36689352 PMCID: PMC9903329 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
A simple catalytic electrosynthetic protocol for oxidative transformations mediated by hypervalent iodine reagents has been developed. In this protocol, electricity drives the iodine(I)/iodine(III) catalytic cycle enabling catalysis with in situ generated hypervalent iodine species, thereby eliminating chemical oxidants and the inevitable chemical waste associated with their mode of action. In addition, no added electrolytic salts are needed in this process. The developed method has been validated using two different hypervalent iodine-mediated transformations: (i) the oxidative cyclization of N-allylic and N-homoallylic amides to the corresponding dihydrooxazole and dihydro-1,3-oxazine derivatives, respectively, and (ii) the α-tosyloxylation of ketones. Both reactions proceeded smoothly under the developed catalytic electrosynthetic conditions without reoptimization, featuring a wide substrate scope and excellent functional group tolerance. In addition, scale-up to gram-scale and catalyst recovery were easily achieved maintaining the high efficiency of the process.
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9
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Spils J, Wirth T, Nachtsheim BJ. Two-step continuous-flow synthesis of 6-membered cyclic iodonium salts via anodic oxidation. Beilstein J Org Chem 2023; 19:27-32. [PMID: 36686040 PMCID: PMC9830492 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.19.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We describe a multi-step continuous-flow procedure for the generation of six-membered diaryliodonium salts. The accompanying scalability and atom economy are significant improvements to existing batch methods. Benzyl acetates are submitted to this two-step procedure as highly available and cheap starting materials. An acid-catalyzed Friedel-Crafts alkylation followed by an anodic oxidative cyclization yielded a defined set of cyclic iodonium salts in a highly substrate-dependent yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Spils
- Institute for Organic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Bremen, Leobener Straße 7, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Thomas Wirth
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Main Building, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Boris J Nachtsheim
- Institute for Organic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Bremen, Leobener Straße 7, 28359 Bremen, Germany
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10
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Sihag M, Soni R, Rani N, Kinger M, Kumar Aneja D. Recent Synthetic Applications of Hypervalent Iodine Reagents. A Review in Three Installments: Installment III. ORG PREP PROCED INT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00304948.2022.2114239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Sihag
- Department of Chemistry, Chaudhary Bansi Lal University, Bhiwani, Haryana, India
| | - Rinku Soni
- Department of Chemistry, Chaudhary Bansi Lal University, Bhiwani, Haryana, India
| | - Neha Rani
- Department of Chemistry, Chaudhary Bansi Lal University, Bhiwani, Haryana, India
| | - Mayank Kinger
- Department of Chemistry, Chaudhary Bansi Lal University, Bhiwani, Haryana, India
| | - Deepak Kumar Aneja
- Department of Chemistry, Chaudhary Bansi Lal University, Bhiwani, Haryana, India
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11
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Frey BL, Figgins MT, Van Trieste GP, Carmieli R, Powers DC. Iodine-Iodine Cooperation Enables Metal-Free C-N Bond-Forming Electrocatalysis via Isolable Iodanyl Radicals. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:13913-13919. [PMID: 35856717 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c05562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Small molecule redox mediators convey interfacial electron transfer events into bulk solution and can enable diverse substrate activation mechanisms in synthetic electrocatalysis. Here, we report that 1,2-diiodo-4,5-dimethoxybenzene is an efficient electrocatalyst for C-H/E-H coupling that operates at as low as 0.5 mol % catalyst loading. Spectroscopic, crystallographic, and computational results indicate a critical role for a three-electron I-I bonding interaction in stabilizing an iodanyl radical intermediate (i.e., formally I(II) species). As a result, the optimized catalyst operates at more than 100 mV lower potential than the related monoiodide catalyst 4-iodoanisole, which results in improved product yield, higher Faradaic efficiency, and expanded substrate scope. The isolated iodanyl radical is chemically competent in C-N bond formation. These results represent the first examples of substrate functionalization at a well-defined I(II) derivative and bona fide iodanyl radical catalysis and demonstrate one-electron pathways as a mechanistic alternative to canonical two-electron hypervalent iodine mechanisms. The observation establishes I-I redox cooperation as a new design concept for the development of metal-free redox mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon L Frey
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Matthew T Figgins
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Gerard P Van Trieste
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Raanan Carmieli
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - David C Powers
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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12
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Cortés-Mendoza S, Adamczyk D, Badillo-Gómez JI, Urrutigoity M, Ortega-Alfaro MC, López-Cortés JG. Carbonylative Suzuki Coupling Catalyzed by Pd Complexes Based on [N,P]‐Pyrrole Ligands: Direct Access to 2‐Hydroxybenzophenones. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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13
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Electrochemical aromatic C-H hydroxylation in continuous flow. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3945. [PMID: 35803941 PMCID: PMC9270493 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31634-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The direct hydroxylation of arene C–H bonds is a highly sought-after transformation but remains an unsolved challenge due to the difficulty in efficient and regioselective C–H oxygenation and high reactivity of the phenolic products leading to overoxidation. Herein we report electrochemical C–H hydroxylation of arenes in continuous flow for the synthesis of phenols. The method is characterized by broad scope (compatible with arenes of diverse electronic properties), mild conditions without any catalysts or chemical oxidants, and excellent scalability as demonstrated by the continuous production of 1 mol (204 grams) of one of the phenol products. The direct hydroxylation of arene C–H bonds is a highly sought-after transformation but with little literature precedent. Herein the authors report a scalable electrochemical C–H hydroxylation of arenes in continuous flow for the synthesis of phenols.
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14
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Madasamy K, Balakrishnan MH, Korivi R, Mannathan S. Trifluoroacetic Acid-Mediated Denitrogenative ortho-Hydroxylation of 1,2,3-Benzotriazin-4(3 H)-ones: A Metal-Free Approach. J Org Chem 2022; 87:8752-8756. [PMID: 35700398 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An efficient trifluoroacetic acid-mediated denitrogenative hydroxylation of 1,2,3-benzotriazin-4(3H)-ones is described. This metal-free approach is compatible with a wide range of 1,2,3-benzotriazin-4(3H)-ones, affording ortho-hydroxylated benzamides in good to high yields with a short reaction time. The reaction is believed to proceed via a benzene diazonium intermediate. The synthetic utility of the reaction was successfully demonstrated by the preparation of an antimicrobial drug, Riparin C, and benzoxazine-2,4(3H)-diones in good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanagaraj Madasamy
- Department of Chemistry, SRM University, AP, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh 522 502, India
| | - Madasamy Hari Balakrishnan
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603 203, India
| | - Ramaraju Korivi
- Department of Chemistry, SRM University, AP, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh 522 502, India
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15
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Andrade‐Sampedro P, Matxain JM, Correa A. Ru‐Catalyzed C−H Hydroxylation of Tyrosine‐Containing Di‐ and Tripeptides toward the Assembly of L‐DOPA Derivatives. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Andrade‐Sampedro
- University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) Department of Organic Chemistry I Joxe Mari Korta R&D Center, Avda. Tolosa 72 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC) Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián Spain
| | - Jon M. Matxain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC) Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián Spain
- Polimero eta Material Aurreratuak: Fisika, Kimika eta Teknologia Saila Kimika Fakultatea Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU) Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián Spain
| | - Arkaitz Correa
- University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) Department of Organic Chemistry I Joxe Mari Korta R&D Center, Avda. Tolosa 72 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián Spain
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16
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Sadowski B, Yuan B, Lin Z, Ackermann L. Rhodaelectro-Catalyzed peri-Selective Direct Alkenylations with Weak O-Coordination Enabled by the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202117188. [PMID: 35179817 PMCID: PMC9311442 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Direct C−H functionalizations by electrocatalysis is dominated by strongly coordinating N(sp2)‐directing groups. In sharp contrast, direct electrocatalytic transformations of weakly‐coordinating phenols remain underdeveloped. Herein, electrooxidative peri C−H alkenylations of challenging 1‐naphthols were achieved by versatile rhodium(III) catalysis via user‐friendly constant current electrolysis. The rhodaelectrocatalysis employed readily‐available alkenes and a protic reaction medium and features ample scope, good functional group tolerance and high site‐ and stereoselectivity. The strategy was successfully applied to high‐value, nitrogen‐containing heterocycles, thereby providing direct access to uncommon heterocyclic motifs based on the dihydropyranoquinoline skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartłomiej Sadowski
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie and Woehler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Binbin Yuan
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie and Woehler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Zhipeng Lin
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie and Woehler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie and Woehler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
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17
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Chen C, Wang X, Yang T. Recent Updates on Electrogenerated Hypervalent Iodine Derivatives and Their Applications as Mediators in Organic Electrosynthesis. Front Chem 2022; 10:883474. [PMID: 35494647 PMCID: PMC9043554 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.883474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
With the renaissance of chemical electrosynthesis in the last decade, the electrochemistry of hypervalent iodine compounds has picked up the pace and achieved significant improvements. By employing traceless electrons instead of stoichiometric oxidants as the alternative clean “reagents”, many hypervalent iodine compounds were efficiently electro-synthesized via anodic oxidation methods and utilized as powerful redox mediators triggering valuable oxidative coupling reactions in a more sustainable way. This minireview gives an up-to-date overview of the recent advances during the past 3 years, encompassing enhanced electrosynthesis technologies, novel synthetic applications, and ideas for improving reaction sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyue Chen
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Chaoyue Chen, ; Tinghai Yang,
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou, China
| | - Tinghai Yang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Chaoyue Chen, ; Tinghai Yang,
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18
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Damrath M, Caspers LD, Duvinage D, Nachtsheim BJ. One-Pot Synthesis of Heteroatom-Bridged Cyclic Diaryliodonium Salts. Org Lett 2022; 24:2562-2566. [PMID: 35349290 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Two one-pot procedures for the construction of O- and N-bridged diaryliodonium triflates are described. An effective aryne-mediated arylation of o-iodophenols and -sulfonamides provides diarylether and diarylamine intermediates, which are subsequently oxidized and cyclized to the corresponding diaryliodaoxinium and -iodazinium salts. Different derivatizations were applied to demonstrate their capacity as useful building blocks and gain a deeper understanding toward the general reactivity of these underdeveloped but potentially highly useful compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattis Damrath
- Institute for Organic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Lucien D Caspers
- Institute for Organic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Daniel Duvinage
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Crystallography, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Boris J Nachtsheim
- Institute for Organic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
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19
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Kooli A, Wesenberg L, Beslać M, Krech A, Lopp M, Noёl T, Ošeka M. Electrochemical Hydroxylation of Electron‐Rich Arenes in Continuous‐Flow. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anni Kooli
- Tallinn University of Technology: Tallinna Tehnikaulikool Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology ESTONIA
| | - Lars Wesenberg
- University of Amsterdam: Universiteit van Amsterdam Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS) NETHERLANDS
| | - Marko Beslać
- TU/e: Technische Universiteit Eindhoven Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry NETHERLANDS
| | - Anastasiya Krech
- Tallinn University of Technology: Tallinna Tehnikaulikool Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology ESTONIA
| | - Margus Lopp
- Tallinn University of Technology: Tallinna Tehnikaulikool Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology ESTONIA
| | - Timothy Noёl
- University of Amsterdam: Universiteit van Amsterdam Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS) NETHERLANDS
| | - Maksim Ošeka
- Tallinn University of Technology Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology Akadeemia tee 15 12618 Tallinn ESTONIA
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20
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Sadowski B, Yuan B, Lin Z, Ackermann L. Rhodaelectro‐catalyzed peri‐selective direct alkenylations with weak O‐coordination enabled by hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202117188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Binbin Yuan
- University of Göttingen: Georg-August-Universitat Gottingen IOBC GERMANY
| | - Zhipeng Lin
- University of Göttingen: Georg-August-Universitat Gottingen IOBC GERMANY
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Georg-August-Universitaet Goettingen Institut fuer Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Tammannstr. 2 37077 Goettingen GERMANY
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21
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Sakakibara Y, Murakami K, Itami K. C-H Acyloxylation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Org Lett 2022; 24:602-607. [PMID: 34994201 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c04030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The C-H acyloxylation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is described. This reaction constructs aryl acyloxylate scaffolds from PAHs with equimolar hypervalent iodine compounds under mild reaction conditions. Interestingly, the blue light irradiation accelerated this transformation. Additionally, the synthesis of structurally new symmetric and unsymmetric diaroyloxylated fluoranthenes was accomplished with a ruthenium photoredox catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yota Sakakibara
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Kei Murakami
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan.,Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuin, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan.,JST-PRESTO, 7 Gobancho, Chiyoda, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Itami
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
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22
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Ghanbari N, Zakavi S. A hypervalent iodine secondary oxidant synthesized by photosensitized singlet oxygen: Synthesis, characterization and oxidative reactivity. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2021.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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23
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Electrochemical Oxidative C H Phosphonylation of thiazole derivatives in ambient conditions. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2021.112022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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24
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Zhu R, Sun Q, Li J, Li L, Gao Q, Wang Y, Fang L. para-Selective hydroxylation of alkyl aryl ethers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:13190-13193. [PMID: 34816833 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06210g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
para-Selective hydroxylation of alkyl aryl ethers is established, which proceeds with a ruthenium(II) catalyst, hypervalent iodine(III) and trifluoroacetic anhydride via a radical mechanism. This protocol tolerates a wide scope of substrates and provides a facile and efficient method for preparing clinical drugs monobenzone and pramocaine on a gram scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runqing Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qianqian Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jing Li
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, People's Republic of China.
| | - Luohao Li
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qinghe Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yakun Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lizhen Fang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, People's Republic of China.
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25
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Malapit CA, Prater MB, Cabrera-Pardo JR, Li M, Pham TD, McFadden TP, Blank S, Minteer SD. Advances on the Merger of Electrochemistry and Transition Metal Catalysis for Organic Synthesis. Chem Rev 2021; 122:3180-3218. [PMID: 34797053 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic organic electrosynthesis has grown in the past few decades by achieving many valuable transformations for synthetic chemists. Although electrocatalysis has been popular for improving selectivity and efficiency in a wide variety of energy-related applications, in the last two decades, there has been much interest in electrocatalysis to develop conceptually novel transformations, selective functionalization, and sustainable reactions. This review discusses recent advances in the combination of electrochemistry and homogeneous transition-metal catalysis for organic synthesis. The enabling transformations, synthetic applications, and mechanistic studies are presented alongside advantages as well as future directions to address the challenges of metal-catalyzed electrosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian A Malapit
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Matthew B Prater
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Jaime R Cabrera-Pardo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Min Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Tammy D Pham
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Timothy Patrick McFadden
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Skylar Blank
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Shelley D Minteer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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26
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Su W, Xu P, Ritter T. Decarboxylative Hydroxylation of Benzoic Acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:24012-24017. [PMID: 34464007 PMCID: PMC8596882 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report the first decarboxylative hydroxylation to synthesize phenols from benzoic acids at 35 °C via photoinduced ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT)-enabled radical decarboxylative carbometalation. The aromatic decarboxylative hydroxylation is synthetically promising due to its mild conditions, broad substrate scope, and late-stage applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanqi Su
- Max-Planck-Institut für KohlenforschungKaiser-Wilhelm Platz 145470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152074AachenGermany
| | - Peng Xu
- Max-Planck-Institut für KohlenforschungKaiser-Wilhelm Platz 145470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
| | - Tobias Ritter
- Max-Planck-Institut für KohlenforschungKaiser-Wilhelm Platz 145470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
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27
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanqi Su
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
- Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Peng Xu
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Tobias Ritter
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
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28
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Luo F, He S, Gou Q, Chen J, Zhang M. Palladium-catalyzed ortho-C-H hydroxylation of benzoic acids. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.153434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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29
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Massignan L, Zhu C, Hou X, Oliveira JCA, Salamé A, Ackermann L. Manganaelectro-Catalyzed Azine C–H Arylations and C–H Alkylations by Assistance of Weakly Coordinating Amides. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c02516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Massignan
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, Göttingen37077, Germany
- Woehler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, Göttingen37077, Germany
| | - Cuiju Zhu
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, Göttingen37077, Germany
| | - Xiaoyan Hou
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, Göttingen37077, Germany
| | - João C. A. Oliveira
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, Göttingen37077, Germany
| | - Aude Salamé
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, Göttingen37077, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, Göttingen37077, Germany
- Woehler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, Göttingen37077, Germany
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30
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Berrou C, Prévost S. Palladium‐Catalyzed C8‐Oxygenation of Naphthalene Derivatives: Direct Access to Naphtholactone Skeleton. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Berrou
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique Ecole Polytechnique ENSTA Paris CNRS Institut Polytechnique de Paris Palaiseau 91128 Cedex France
| | - Sébastien Prévost
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique Ecole Polytechnique ENSTA Paris CNRS Institut Polytechnique de Paris Palaiseau 91128 Cedex France
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31
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Sokolovs I, Mohebbati N, Francke R, Suna E. Electrochemical Generation of Hypervalent Bromine(III) Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202104677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Igors Sokolovs
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis Aizkraukles 21 1006 Riga Latvia
- Institute of Chemistry Rostock University Albert-Einstein-Str. 3a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Nayereh Mohebbati
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
- Institute of Chemistry Rostock University Albert-Einstein-Str. 3a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Robert Francke
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
- Institute of Chemistry Rostock University Albert-Einstein-Str. 3a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Edgars Suna
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis Aizkraukles 21 1006 Riga Latvia
- Faculty of Chemistry University of Latvia Jelgavas 1 1004 Riga Latvia
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32
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Rogge T, Kaplaneris N, Chatani N, Kim J, Chang S, Punji B, Schafer LL, Musaev DG, Wencel-Delord J, Roberts CA, Sarpong R, Wilson ZE, Brimble MA, Johansson MJ, Ackermann L. C–H activation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021. [DOI: 10.1038/s43586-021-00041-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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33
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Sokolovs I, Mohebbati N, Francke R, Suna E. Electrochemical Generation of Hypervalent Bromine(III) Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:15832-15837. [PMID: 33894098 PMCID: PMC8362160 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202104677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In sharp contrast to hypervalent iodine(III) compounds, the isoelectronic bromine(III) counterparts have been little studied to date. This knowledge gap is mainly attributed to the difficult-to-control reactivity of λ3 -bromanes as well as to their challenging preparation from the highly toxic and corrosive BrF3 precursor. In this context, we present a straightforward and scalable approach to chelation-stabilized λ3 -bromanes by anodic oxidation of parent aryl bromides possessing two coordinating hexafluoro-2-hydroxypropanyl substituents. A series of para-substituted λ3 -bromanes with remarkably high redox potentials spanning a range from 1.86 V to 2.60 V vs. Ag/AgNO3 was synthesized by the electrochemical method. We demonstrate that the intrinsic reactivity of the bench-stable bromine(III) species can be unlocked by addition of a Lewis or a Brønsted acid. The synthetic utility of the λ3 -bromane activation is exemplified by oxidative C-C, C-N, and C-O bond forming reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igors Sokolovs
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, 1006, Riga, Latvia.,Institute of Chemistry, Rostock University, Albert-Einstein-Str. 3a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Nayereh Mohebbati
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany.,Institute of Chemistry, Rostock University, Albert-Einstein-Str. 3a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Robert Francke
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany.,Institute of Chemistry, Rostock University, Albert-Einstein-Str. 3a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Edgars Suna
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, 1006, Riga, Latvia.,Faculty of Chemistry, University of Latvia, Jelgavas 1, 1004, Riga, Latvia
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34
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Tan X, Massignan L, Hou X, Frey J, Oliveira JCA, Hussain MN, Ackermann L. Rhodaelektrokatalysierte bimetallische C‐H‐Oxygenierung durch schwache
O
‐Koordination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202017359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Tan
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Leonardo Massignan
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Xiaoyan Hou
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Johanna Frey
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - João C. A. Oliveira
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Masoom Nasiha Hussain
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
- Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
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35
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Tan X, Massignan L, Hou X, Frey J, Oliveira JCA, Hussain MN, Ackermann L. Rhoda-Electrocatalyzed Bimetallic C-H Oxygenation by Weak O-Coordination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:13264-13270. [PMID: 33651910 PMCID: PMC8252749 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202017359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Rhodium‐electrocatalyzed arene C−H oxygenation by weakly O‐coordinating amides and ketones have been established by bimetallic electrocatalysis. Likewise, diverse dihydrooxazinones were selectively accessed by the judicious choice of current, enabling twofold C−H functionalization. Detailed mechanistic studies by experiment, mass spectroscopy and cyclovoltammetric analysis provided support for an unprecedented electrooxidation‐induced C−H activation by a bimetallic rhodium catalysis manifold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Tan
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Leonardo Massignan
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Xiaoyan Hou
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Johanna Frey
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - João C A Oliveira
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Masoom Nasiha Hussain
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.,Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
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36
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Samanta RC, Ackermann L. Evolution of Earth-Abundant 3 d-Metallaelectro-Catalyzed C-H Activation: From Chelation-Assistance to C-H Functionalization without Directing Groups. CHEM REC 2021; 21:2430-2441. [PMID: 34028175 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Catalyzed C-H functionalizations have emerged as a transformative platform for molecular syntheses. Despite of indisputable advances, oxidative C-H activations have been largely restricted to precious transition metals and stoichiometric amounts of chemical oxidants. In contrast, we herein discuss the potential of earth-abundant, environmentally-benign 3d transition metals for C-H activation, which has recently gained major momentum. Thus, a strategy for full resource economy has been established in our group, with green electricity as a renewable redox agent, giving valuable hydrogen as the sole byproduct under redox mediator-free conditions. In this account, we detail our accomplishments in 3d metallaelectrocatalysis towards green syntheses until March 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh C Samanta
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.,Woehler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
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37
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Jin S, Kim J, Kim D, Park JW, Chang S. Electrolytic C–H Oxygenation via Oxidatively Induced Reductive Elimination in Rh Catalysis. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c01670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seongho Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Jinwoo Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Dongwook Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Jung-Woo Park
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Sukbok Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
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38
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Gontijo TB, de Carvalho RL, Dantas-Pereira L, Menna-Barreto RFS, Rogge T, Ackermann L, da Silva Júnior EN. Ruthenium(II)- and Palladium(II)-catalyzed position-divergent CH oxygenations of arylated quinones: Identification of hydroxylated quinonoid compounds with potent trypanocidal activity. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 40:116164. [PMID: 34020276 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A diversity-oriented synthesis of hydroxylated aryl-quinones via CH oxygenation reactions and their evaluation against Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of Chagas disease, was accomplished. With the use of ruthenium(II)- or palladium(II)-based catalysts, complementary regioselectivities were observed in the hydroxylation reactions and we have identified 9 compounds more potent than benznidazole (Bz) among these novel arylated and hydroxylated quinones. For instance, 5-hydroxy-2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,4-naphthoquinone (4h) with an IC50/24 h value of 22.8 µM is 4.5-fold more active than the state-of-the-art drug Bz. This article provides the first example of the application of CH activation for the position-selective hydroxylation of arylated quinones and the identification of these compounds as trypanocidal drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talita B Gontijo
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Renato L de Carvalho
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Luiza Dantas-Pereira
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology, IOC, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21045-900, Brazil
| | | | - Torben Rogge
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Potsdamer Strasse 58, 10785 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Eufrânio N da Silva Júnior
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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39
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Zhu C, Ang NWJ, Meyer TH, Qiu Y, Ackermann L. Organic Electrochemistry: Molecular Syntheses with Potential. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2021; 7:415-431. [PMID: 33791425 PMCID: PMC8006177 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c01532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Efficient and selective molecular syntheses are paramount to inter alia biomolecular chemistry and material sciences as well as for practitioners in chemical, agrochemical, and pharmaceutical industries. Organic electrosynthesis has undergone a considerable renaissance and has thus in recent years emerged as an increasingly viable platform for the sustainable molecular assembly. In stark contrast to early strategies by innate reactivity, electrochemistry was recently merged with modern concepts of organic synthesis, such as transition-metal-catalyzed transformations for inter alia C-H functionalization and asymmetric catalysis. Herein, we highlight the unique potential of organic electrosynthesis for sustainable synthesis and catalysis, showcasing key aspects of exceptional selectivities, the synergism with photocatalysis, or dual electrocatalysis, and novel mechanisms in metallaelectrocatalysis until February of 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiju Zhu
- Institut
für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nate W. J. Ang
- Institut
für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tjark H. Meyer
- Institut
für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Woehler
Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Youai Qiu
- Institut
für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut
für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Woehler
Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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40
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Tan X, Hou X, Rogge T, Ackermann L. Ruthenaelectro-Catalyzed Domino Three-Component Alkyne Annulation for Expedient Isoquinoline Assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:4619-4624. [PMID: 33270973 PMCID: PMC7985882 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202014289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The electrochemical three-component assembly of isoquinolines has been accomplished by ruthenaelectro-catalyzed C-H/N-H functionalization. The robustness of the electrocatalysis was reflected by an ample substrate scope, an efficient electrooxidation, and an operationally friendly procedure. The isolation of key intermediates and detailed mechanistic studies, including unprecedented cyclovoltammetric analysis of a seven-membered ruthenacycle, provided support for an unusual ruthenium(II/III/I) regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Tan
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstrasse 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Xiaoyan Hou
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstrasse 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Torben Rogge
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstrasse 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstrasse 237077GöttingenGermany
- Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable ChemistryGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstrasse 237077GöttingenGermany
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41
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Yang QL, Jia HW, Liu Y, Xing YK, Ma RC, Wang MM, Qu GR, Mei TS, Guo HM. Electrooxidative Iridium-Catalyzed Regioselective Annulation of Benzoic Acids with Internal Alkynes. Org Lett 2021; 23:1209-1215. [PMID: 33538167 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c04168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemically driven, Cp*Ir(III)-catalyzed regioselective annulative couplings of benzoic acids with alkynes have been established herein. The combination of iridium catalyst and electricity not only circumvents the need for stoichiometric amount of chemical oxidant, but also ensures broad reaction compatibility with a wide array of sterically and electronically diverse substrates. This electrochemical approach represents a sustainable strategy as an ideal alternative and supplement to the oxidative annulations methodology to be engaged in the synthesis of isocoumarin derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Liang Yang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Hong-Wei Jia
- Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Yi-Kang Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Rui-Cong Ma
- Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Man-Man Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Gui-Rong Qu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Tian-Sheng Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hai-Ming Guo
- Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
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42
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Xiao L, Lang TT, Jiang Y, Zang ZL, Zhou CH, Cai GX. Aerobic Copper-Catalyzed Salicylaldehydic C formyl -H Arylations with Arylboronic Acids. Chemistry 2021; 27:3278-3283. [PMID: 33289166 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We report a challenging copper-catalyzed Cformyl -H arylation of salicylaldehydes with arylboronic acids that involves unique salicylaldehydic copper species that differ from reported salicylaldehydic rhodacycles and palladacycles. This protocol has high chemoselectivity for the Cformyl -H bond compared to the phenolic O-H bond involving copper catalysis under high reaction temperatures. This approach is compatible with a wide range of salicylaldehyde and arylboronic acid substrates, including estrone and carbazole derivatives, which leads to the corresponding arylation products. Mechanistic studies show that the 2-hydroxy group of the salicylaldehyde substrate triggers the formation of salicylaldehydic copper complexes through a CuI /CuII /CuIII catalytic cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xiao
- Institute of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Tao-Tao Lang
- Institute of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Ying Jiang
- Institute of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Zhong-Lin Zang
- Institute of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Cheng-He Zhou
- Institute of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Gui-Xin Cai
- Institute of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
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43
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Chen J, Yang H, Zhang M, Chen H, Liu J, Yin K, Chen S, Shao A. Electrochemical-induced regioselective C-3 thiocyanation of imidazoheterocycles with hydrogen evolution. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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44
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Tan X, Hou X, Rogge T, Ackermann L. Ruthenaelektro‐katalysierte Domino‐Drei‐Komponenten‐Alkinanellierung für nützliche Isochinolin‐Synthesen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202014289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Tan
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Xiaoyan Hou
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Torben Rogge
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
- Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
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45
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Dhawa U, Kaplaneris N, Ackermann L. Green strategies for transition metal-catalyzed C–H activation in molecular syntheses. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00727k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Sustainable strategies for the activation of inert C–H bonds towards improved resource-economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uttam Dhawa
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nikolaos Kaplaneris
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Woehler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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46
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Elsherbini M, Moran WJ. Scalable electrochemical synthesis of diaryliodonium salts. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:4706-4711. [PMID: 33960987 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00457c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic and acyclic diaryliodonium are synthesised by anodic oxidation of iodobiaryls and iodoarene/arene mixtures, respectively, in a simple undivided electrolysis cell in MeCN-HFIP-TfOH without any added electrolyte salts. This atom efficient process does not require chemical oxidants and generates no chemical waste. More than 30 cyclic and acyclic diaryliodonium salts with different substitution patterns were prepared in very good to excellent yields. The reaction was scaled-up to 10 mmol scale giving more than four grams of dibenzo[b,d]iodol-5-ium trifluoromethanesulfonate (>95%) in less than three hours. The solvent mixture of the large-scale experiment was recovered (>97%) and recycled several times without significant reduction in yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Elsherbini
- Department of Chemistry, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK.
| | - Wesley J Moran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK.
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47
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Bu Q, Kuniyil R, Shen Z, Gońka E, Ackermann L. Insights into Ruthenium(II/IV)-Catalyzed Distal C-H Oxygenation by Weak Coordination. Chemistry 2020; 26:16450-16454. [PMID: 32596872 PMCID: PMC7756554 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
C-H hydroxylation of aryl acetamides and alkyl phenylacetyl esters was accomplished via challenging distal weak O-coordination by versatile ruthenium(II/IV) catalysis. The ruthenium(II)-catalyzed C-H oxygenation of aryl acetamides proceeded through C-H activation, ruthenium(II/IV) oxidation and reductive elimination, thus providing step-economical access to valuable phenols. The p-cymene-ruthenium(II/IV) manifold was established by detailed experimental and DFT-computational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Bu
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Rositha Kuniyil
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Zhigao Shen
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Elżbieta Gońka
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
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48
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Iqbal Z, Joshi A, Ranjan De S. Recent Advancements on Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed, Chelation‐Induced
ortho
‐Hydroxylation of Arenes. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zafar Iqbal
- National Institute of Technology Uttarakhand Srinagar Garhwal Uttarakhand 246174 India
| | - Asha Joshi
- National Institute of Technology Uttarakhand Srinagar Garhwal Uttarakhand 246174 India
| | - Saroj Ranjan De
- National Institute of Technology Uttarakhand Srinagar Garhwal Uttarakhand 246174 India
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49
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Abstract
The renewed interest in electrosynthesis demonstrated by organic chemists in the last years has allowed for rapid development of new methodologies. In this review, advances in enantioselective electrosynthesis that rely on catalytic amounts of organic or metal-based chiral mediators are highlighted with focus on the most recent developments up to July 2020. Examples of C-H functionalization, alkene functionalization, carboxylation and cross-electrophile couplings are discussed, along with their related mechanistic aspects.
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50
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Zhang S, Samanta RC, Del Vecchio A, Ackermann L. Evolution of High-Valent Nickela-Electrocatalyzed C-H Activation: From Cross(-Electrophile)-Couplings to Electrooxidative C-H Transformations. Chemistry 2020; 26:10936-10947. [PMID: 32329534 PMCID: PMC7497266 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
C-H activation has emerged as one of the most efficient tools for the formation of carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bonds, avoiding the use of prefunctionalized materials. In spite of tremendous progress in the field, stoichiometric quantities of toxic and/or costly chemical redox reagents, such as silver(I) or copper(II) salts, are largely required for oxidative C-H activations. Recently, electrosynthesis has experienced a remarkable renaissance that enables the use of storable, safe and waste-free electric current as a redox equivalent. While major recent momentum was gained in electrocatalyzed C-H activations by 4d and 5d metals, user-friendly and inexpensive nickela-electrocatalysis has until recently proven elusive for oxidative C-H activations. Herein, the early developments of nickela-electrocatalyzed reductive cross-electrophile couplings as well as net-redox-neutral cross-couplings are first introduced. The focus of this Minireview is, however, the recent emergence of nickel-catalyzed electrooxidative C-H activations until April 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shou‐Kun Zhang
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Ramesh C. Samanta
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Antonio Del Vecchio
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
- Woehler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh)Georg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
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