1
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Picazo-Frutos R, Sheberstov KF, Blanchard JW, Van Dyke E, Reh M, Sjoelander T, Pines A, Budker D, Barskiy DA. Zero-field J-spectroscopy of quadrupolar nuclei. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4487. [PMID: 38802356 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48390-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Zero- to ultralow-field nuclear magnetic resonance (ZULF NMR) allows molecular structure elucidation via measurement of electron-mediated spin-spin J-couplings. This study examines zero-field J-spectra from molecules with quadrupolar nuclei, exemplified by solutions of various isotopologues of ammonium cations. The spectra reveal differences between various isotopologues upon extracting precise J-coupling values from pulse-acquire measurements. A primary isotope effect, △ J = γ 14 N / γ 15 N J 15 N H - J 14 N H ≈ - 58 mHz, is deduced by analysis of the proton-nitrogen J-coupling ratios. This study points toward further experiments with symmetric cations containing quadrupolar nuclei, promising applications in biomedicine, energy storage, and benchmarking quantum chemistry calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Román Picazo-Frutos
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55099, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Kirill F Sheberstov
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55099, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291, Darmstadt, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Paris, France
| | - John W Blanchard
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55099, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291, Darmstadt, Germany
- Quantum Technology Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Erik Van Dyke
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55099, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Moritz Reh
- Department of Physics, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Kirchhoff-Institut für Physik, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Sjoelander
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, Basel, CH-4056, Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720-3220, USA
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720-3220, USA
| | - Alexander Pines
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720-3220, USA
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720-3220, USA
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55099, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291, Darmstadt, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Danila A Barskiy
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55099, Mainz, Germany.
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291, Darmstadt, Germany.
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720-3220, USA.
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2
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Zhao Z, Zhang T, Yue S, Wang P, Bao Y, Zhan S. Spin Polarization: A New Frontier in Efficient Photocatalysis for Environmental Purification and Energy Conversion. Chemphyschem 2024; 25:e202300726. [PMID: 38059760 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
As a promising strategy to improve photocatalytic efficiency, spin polarization has attracted enormous attention in recent years, which could be involved in various steps of photoreaction. The Pauli repulsion principle and the spin selection rule dictate that the behavior of two electrons in a spatial eigenstate is based on their spin states, and this fact opens up a new avenue for manipulating photocatalytic efficiency. In this review, recent advances in modulating the photocatalytic activity with spin polarization are systematically summarized. Fundamental insights into the influence of spin-polarization effects on photon absorption, carrier separation, and migration, and the behaviors of reaction-related substances from the photon uptake to reactant desorption are highlighted and discussed in detail, and various photocatalytic applications for environmental purification and energy conversion are presented. This review is expected to deliver a timely overview of the recent developments in spin-polarization-modulated photocatalysis for environmental purification and energy conversion in terms of their practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Yue
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Yueping Bao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Sihui Zhan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
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3
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Eills J, Picazo-Frutos R, Bondar O, Cavallari E, Carrera C, Barker SJ, Utz M, Herrero-Gómez A, Marco-Rius I, Tayler MCD, Aime S, Reineri F, Budker D, Blanchard JW. Enzymatic Reactions Observed with Zero- and Low-Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. Anal Chem 2023; 95:17997-18005. [PMID: 38047582 PMCID: PMC10720634 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c02087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that enzyme-catalyzed reactions can be observed in zero- and low-field NMR experiments by combining recent advances in parahydrogen-based hyperpolarization methods with state-of-the-art magnetometry. Specifically, we investigated two model biological processes: the conversion of fumarate into malate, which is used in vivo as a marker of cell necrosis, and the conversion of pyruvate into lactate, which is the most widely studied metabolic process in hyperpolarization-enhanced imaging. In addition to this, we constructed a microfluidic zero-field NMR setup to perform experiments on microliter-scale samples of [1-13C]fumarate in a lab-on-a-chip device. Zero- to ultralow-field (ZULF) NMR has two key advantages over high-field NMR: the signals can pass through conductive materials (e.g., metals), and line broadening from sample heterogeneity is negligible. To date, the use of ZULF NMR for process monitoring has been limited to studying hydrogenation reactions. In this work, we demonstrate this emerging analytical technique for more general reaction monitoring and compare zero- vs low-field detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Eills
- Barcelona
Institute of Science and Technology, Institute
for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona 08028, Spain
- GSI
Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Mainz 55128, Germany
- Institute
for Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität
Mainz, Mainz 55099, Germany
| | - Román Picazo-Frutos
- GSI
Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Mainz 55128, Germany
- Institute
for Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität
Mainz, Mainz 55099, Germany
| | - Oksana Bondar
- Department
of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Center of Molecular
Imaging, University of Turin, Turin 10126, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cavallari
- Department
of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Center of Molecular
Imaging, University of Turin, Turin 10126, Italy
| | - Carla Carrera
- Institute
of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council of Italy, Turin 10126, Italy
| | - Sylwia J. Barker
- School of
Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K.
| | - Marcel Utz
- School of
Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K.
| | - Alba Herrero-Gómez
- Barcelona
Institute of Science and Technology, Institute
for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Irene Marco-Rius
- Barcelona
Institute of Science and Technology, Institute
for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Michael C. D. Tayler
- The
Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, ICFO—Institut de Ciéncies Fotóniques, Castelldefels, Barcelona 08860, Spain
| | - Silvio Aime
- Department
of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Center of Molecular
Imaging, University of Turin, Turin 10126, Italy
| | - Francesca Reineri
- Department
of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Center of Molecular
Imaging, University of Turin, Turin 10126, Italy
| | - Dmitry Budker
- GSI
Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Mainz 55128, Germany
- Institute
for Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität
Mainz, Mainz 55099, Germany
- Department
of Physics, University of California at
Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - John W. Blanchard
- GSI
Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, Mainz 55128, Germany
- Quantum
Technology Center, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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4
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Alcicek S, Put P, Kubrak A, Alcicek FC, Barskiy D, Gloeggler S, Dybas J, Pustelny S. Zero- to low-field relaxometry of chemical and biological fluids. Commun Chem 2023; 6:165. [PMID: 37542142 PMCID: PMC10403525 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-00965-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxometry is an analytical method that provides information about molecular environments, even for NMR "silent" molecules (spin-0), by analyzing the properties of NMR signals versus the magnitude of the longitudinal field. Conventionally, this technique is performed at fields much higher than Earth's magnetic field, but our work focuses on NMR relaxometry at zero and ultra-low magnetic fields (ZULFs). Operating under such conditions allows us to investigate slow (bio)chemical processes occurring on a timescale from milliseconds to seconds, which coincide with spin evolution. ZULFs also minimize T2 line broadening in heterogeneous samples resulting from magnetic susceptibility. Here, we use ZULF NMR relaxometry to analyze (bio)chemical compounds containing 1H-13C, 1H-15N, and 1H-31P spin pairs. We also detected high-quality ULF NMR spectra of human whole-blood at 0.8 μT, despite a shortening of spin relaxation by blood proteomes (e.g., hemoglobin). Information on proton relaxation times of blood, a potential early biomarker of inflammation, can be acquired in under a minute using inexpensive, portable/small-size NMR spectrometers based on atomic magnetometers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyma Alcicek
- Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Institute of Neuroradiology, 60528, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- Institute of Physics Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, 30-348, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Piotr Put
- Institute of Physics Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, 30-348, Kraków, Poland
| | - Adam Kubrak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Fatih Celal Alcicek
- Jagiellonian Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, 30-348, Kraków, Poland
| | - Danila Barskiy
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research GmbH, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefan Gloeggler
- Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jakub Dybas
- Jagiellonian Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, 30-348, Kraków, Poland
| | - Szymon Pustelny
- Institute of Physics Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, 30-348, Kraków, Poland.
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5
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Chuchkova L, Bodenstedt S, Picazo-Frutos R, Eills J, Tretiak O, Hu Y, Barskiy DA, de Santis J, Tayler MCD, Budker D, Sheberstov KF. Magnetometer-Detected Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of Photochemically Hyperpolarized Molecules. J Phys Chem Lett 2023:6814-6822. [PMID: 37486855 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Photochemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization (photo-CIDNP) enables nuclear spin ordering by irradiating samples with light. Polarized spins are conventionally detected via high-field chemical-shift-resolved NMR (above 0.1 T). In this Letter, we demonstrate in situ low-field photo-CIDNP measurements using a magnetically shielded fast-field-cycling NMR setup detecting Larmor precession via atomic magnetometers. For solutions comprising mM concentrations of the photochemically polarized molecules, hyperpolarized 1H magnetization is detected by pulse-acquired NMR spectroscopy. The observed NMR line widths are about 5 times narrower than normally anticipated in high-field NMR and are systematically affected by light irradiation during the acquisition period, reflecting a reduction of the transverse relaxation time constant, T2*, on the order of 10%. Magnetometer-detected photo-CIDNP spectroscopy enables straightforward observation of spin-chemistry processes in the ambient field range from a few nT to tens of mT. Potential applications of this measuring modality are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liubov Chuchkova
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität-Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Sven Bodenstedt
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Román Picazo-Frutos
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität-Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - James Eills
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oleg Tretiak
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität-Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Yinan Hu
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität-Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Danila A Barskiy
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität-Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jacopo de Santis
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Michael C D Tayler
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität-Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, United States
| | - Kirill F Sheberstov
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität-Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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6
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Put P, Alcicek S, Bondar O, Bodek Ł, Duckett S, Pustelny S. Detection of pyridine derivatives by SABRE hyperpolarization at zero field. Commun Chem 2023; 6:131. [PMID: 37349558 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-00928-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a powerful analytical tool used in modern science and technology. Its novel incarnation, based on measurements of NMR signals without external magnetic fields, provides direct access to intramolecular interactions based on heteronuclear scalar J-coupling. The uniqueness of these interactions makes each zero-field NMR spectrum distinct and useful in chemical fingerprinting. However, the necessity of heteronuclear coupling often results in weak signals due to the low abundance of certain nuclei (e.g., 15N). Hyperpolarization of such compounds may solve the problem. In this work, we investigate molecules with natural isotopic abundance that are polarized using non-hydrogenative parahydrogen-induced polarization. We demonstrate that spectra of hyperpolarized naturally abundant pyridine derivatives can be observed and uniquely identified whether the same substituent is placed at a different position of the pyridine ring or different constituents are placed at the same position. To do so, we constructed an experimental system using a home-built nitrogen vapor condenser, which allows for consistent long-term measurements, crucial for identifying naturally abundant hyperpolarized molecules at a concentration level of ~1 mM. This opens avenues for future chemical detection of naturally abundant compounds using zero-field NMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Put
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Kraków, 30-348, Poland.
| | - Seyma Alcicek
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Kraków, 30-348, Poland.
- Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Institute of Neuroradiology, Frankfurt am Main, 60528, Germany.
| | - Oksana Bondar
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Kraków, 30-348, Poland
- Department of Chemistry, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine
| | - Łukasz Bodek
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Kraków, 30-348, Poland
| | - Simon Duckett
- Centre for Hyperpolarization in Magnetic Resonance (CHyM), University of York, Heslington, YO10 5NY, UK
| | - Szymon Pustelny
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Kraków, 30-348, Poland
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7
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Jeong HJ, Min S, Baek J, Kim J, Chung J, Jeong K. Real-Time Reaction Monitoring of Azide-Alkyne Cycloadditions Using Benchtop NMR-Based Signal Amplification by Reversible Exchange (SABRE). ACS MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AU 2023; 3:134-142. [PMID: 37090259 PMCID: PMC10120034 DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.2c00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Rufinamide, possessing a triazole ring, is a new antiepileptic drug (AED) relatively well-absorbed in the lower dose range (10 mg/kg per day) and is currently being used in antiepileptic medications. Triazole derivatives can interact with various enzymes and receptors in biological systems via diverse non-covalent interactions, thus inducing versatile biological effects. Strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC) is a significant method for obtaining triazoles, even under physiological conditions, in the absence of a copper catalyst. To confirm the progress of chemical reactions under biological conditions, research on reaction monitoring at low concentrations is essential. This promising strategy is gaining acceptance for applications in fields such as drug development and nanoscience. We investigated the optimum Ir catalyst and magnetic field for achieving maximum proton hyperpolarization transfer in triazole derivatives. These reactions were analyzed using signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) to overcome the limitations of low sensitivity in nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, when monitoring copper-free click reactions in real time. Finally, a more versatile copper-catalyzed click reaction was monitored in real time, using a 60 MHz benchtop NMR system, in order to analyze the reaction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jin Jeong
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Sein Min
- Department
of Chemistry, Seoul Women’s University, Seoul 01797, South Korea
| | - Juhee Baek
- Department
of Chemistry, Seoul Women’s University, Seoul 01797, South Korea
| | - Jisu Kim
- Department
of Chemistry, Seoul Women’s University, Seoul 01797, South Korea
| | - Jean Chung
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Keunhong Jeong
- Department
of Physics and Chemistry, Korea Military
Academy, Seoul 01805, South Korea
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8
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Eills J, Budker D, Cavagnero S, Chekmenev EY, Elliott SJ, Jannin S, Lesage A, Matysik J, Meersmann T, Prisner T, Reimer JA, Yang H, Koptyug IV. Spin Hyperpolarization in Modern Magnetic Resonance. Chem Rev 2023; 123:1417-1551. [PMID: 36701528 PMCID: PMC9951229 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance techniques are successfully utilized in a broad range of scientific disciplines and in various practical applications, with medical magnetic resonance imaging being the most widely known example. Currently, both fundamental and applied magnetic resonance are enjoying a major boost owing to the rapidly developing field of spin hyperpolarization. Hyperpolarization techniques are able to enhance signal intensities in magnetic resonance by several orders of magnitude, and thus to largely overcome its major disadvantage of relatively low sensitivity. This provides new impetus for existing applications of magnetic resonance and opens the gates to exciting new possibilities. In this review, we provide a unified picture of the many methods and techniques that fall under the umbrella term "hyperpolarization" but are currently seldom perceived as integral parts of the same field. Specifically, before delving into the individual techniques, we provide a detailed analysis of the underlying principles of spin hyperpolarization. We attempt to uncover and classify the origins of hyperpolarization, to establish its sources and the specific mechanisms that enable the flow of polarization from a source to the target spins. We then give a more detailed analysis of individual hyperpolarization techniques: the mechanisms by which they work, fundamental and technical requirements, characteristic applications, unresolved issues, and possible future directions. We are seeing a continuous growth of activity in the field of spin hyperpolarization, and we expect the field to flourish as new and improved hyperpolarization techniques are implemented. Some key areas for development are in prolonging polarization lifetimes, making hyperpolarization techniques more generally applicable to chemical/biological systems, reducing the technical and equipment requirements, and creating more efficient excitation and detection schemes. We hope this review will facilitate the sharing of knowledge between subfields within the broad topic of hyperpolarization, to help overcome existing challenges in magnetic resonance and enable novel applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Eills
- Institute
for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona
Institute of Science and Technology, 08028Barcelona, Spain,
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Johannes
Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128Mainz, Germany,Helmholtz-Institut,
GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128Mainz, Germany,Department
of Physics, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California94720, United States
| | - Silvia Cavagnero
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, Wisconsin53706, United States
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Department
of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (IBio), Karmanos Cancer Institute
(KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan48202, United States,Russian
Academy of Sciences, Moscow119991, Russia
| | - Stuart J. Elliott
- Molecular
Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College
London, LondonW12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Sami Jannin
- Centre
de RMN à Hauts Champs de Lyon, Université
de Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon 1, 69100Villeurbanne, France
| | - Anne Lesage
- Centre
de RMN à Hauts Champs de Lyon, Université
de Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon 1, 69100Villeurbanne, France
| | - Jörg Matysik
- Institut
für Analytische Chemie, Universität
Leipzig, Linnéstr. 3, 04103Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Meersmann
- Sir
Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University Park, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, NottinghamNG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Prisner
- Institute
of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry and Center of Biomolecular Magnetic
Resonance, Goethe University Frankfurt, , 60438Frankfurt
am Main, Germany
| | - Jeffrey A. Reimer
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, UC Berkeley, and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California94720, United States
| | - Hanming Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, Wisconsin53706, United States
| | - Igor V. Koptyug
- International Tomography Center, Siberian
Branch of the Russian Academy
of Sciences, 630090Novosibirsk, Russia,
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9
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Picazo-Frutos R, Stern Q, Blanchard JW, Cala O, Ceillier M, Cousin SF, Eills J, Elliott SJ, Jannin S, Budker D. Zero- to Ultralow-Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Enhanced with Dissolution Dynamic Nuclear Polarization. Anal Chem 2023; 95:720-729. [PMID: 36563171 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Zero- to ultralow-field nuclear magnetic resonance is a modality of magnetic resonance experiment which does not require strong superconducting magnets. Contrary to conventional high-field nuclear magnetic resonance, it has the advantage of allowing high-resolution detection of nuclear magnetism through metal as well as within heterogeneous media. To achieve high sensitivity, it is common to couple zero-field nuclear magnetic resonance with hyperpolarization techniques. To date, the most common technique is parahydrogen-induced polarization, which is only compatible with a small number of compounds. In this article, we establish dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization as a versatile method to enhance signals in zero-field nuclear magnetic resonance experiments on sample mixtures of [13C]sodium formate, [1-13C]glycine, and [2-13C]sodium acetate, and our technique is immediately extendable to a broad range of molecules with >1 s relaxation times. We find signal enhancements of up to 11,000 compared with thermal prepolarization in a 2 T permanent magnet. To increase the signal in future experiments, we investigate the relaxation effects of the TEMPOL radicals used for the hyperpolarization process at zero- and ultralow-fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Román Picazo-Frutos
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Mainz55128, Germany.,Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz55128, Germany
| | - Quentin Stern
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCBL, Université de Lyon, CRMN UMR 5280, 69100Villeurbanne, France
| | - John W Blanchard
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Mainz55128, Germany
| | - Olivier Cala
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCBL, Université de Lyon, CRMN UMR 5280, 69100Villeurbanne, France
| | - Morgan Ceillier
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCBL, Université de Lyon, CRMN UMR 5280, 69100Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - James Eills
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Mainz55128, Germany.,Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz55128, Germany.,Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, Barcelona08028, Spain
| | - Stuart J Elliott
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCBL, Université de Lyon, CRMN UMR 5280, 69100Villeurbanne, France.,Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, LondonW12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Sami Jannin
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCBL, Université de Lyon, CRMN UMR 5280, 69100Villeurbanne, France
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Mainz55128, Germany.,Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz55128, Germany
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10
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Pokochueva EV, Svyatova AI, Burueva DB, Koptyug IV. Chemistry of nuclear spin isomers of the molecules: from the past of the Universe to emerging technologies. Russ Chem Bull 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-023-3711-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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11
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Kaseman DC, Batrice RJ, Williams RF. Detection of natural abundance 13C J-couplings at Earth's magnetic field for spin system differentiation of small organic molecules. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2022; 342:107272. [PMID: 35917767 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2022.107272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy routinely characterizes the unique spin systems of molecules using a combination of chemical shift and J-coupling interactions for the 1H and 13C nuclei. However, at Earth's magnetic field, chemical shifts are unresolvable and the ability to characterize structure relies solely on the J-couplings. Fortuitously, the J-couplings at Earth's field provides the same spin system information as high field, but only requires detection of the 1H nucleus. We report the first identification of the multiple natural abundance 1H-13C spin systems on organic molecules detected at Earth's magnetic field. The results clearly demonstrate the feasibility of Earth's field NMR to characterize small organic molecules without costly enrichment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derrick C Kaseman
- Bioenergy and Biome Sciences Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, United States; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Facility, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States.
| | - Rami J Batrice
- Chemical Diagnostics and Engineering Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, United States
| | - Robert F Williams
- Bioenergy and Biome Sciences Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, United States
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12
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Van Dyke ET, Eills J, Picazo-Frutos R, Sheberstov KF, Hu Y, Budker D, Barskiy DA. Relayed hyperpolarization for zero-field nuclear magnetic resonance. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabp9242. [PMID: 35857837 PMCID: PMC9299534 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abp9242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Zero- to ultralow-field nuclear magnetic resonance (ZULF NMR) is a rapidly developing form of spectroscopy that provides rich spectroscopic information in the absence of large magnetic fields. However, signal acquisition still requires a mechanism for generating a bulk magnetic moment for detection, and the currently used methods only apply to a limited pool of chemicals or come at prohibitively high cost. We demonstrate that the parahydrogen-based SABRE (signal amplification by reversible exchange)-Relay method can be used as a more general means of generating hyperpolarized analytes for ZULF NMR by observing zero-field J-spectra of [13C]-methanol, [1-13C]-ethanol, and [2-13C]-ethanol in both 13C-isotopically enriched and natural abundance samples. We explore the magnetic field dependence of the SABRE-Relay efficiency and show the existence of a second maximum at 19.0 ± 0.3 mT. Despite presence of water, SABRE-Relay is used to hyperpolarize ethanol extracted from a store-bought sample of vodka (%PH ~ 0.1%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik T. Van Dyke
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz Institut Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - James Eills
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz Institut Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Román Picazo-Frutos
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz Institut Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Kirill F. Sheberstov
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz Institut Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- École normale supérieure, Paris Sciences et Lettres University, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Yinan Hu
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz Institut Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz Institut Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-7300, USA
| | - Danila A. Barskiy
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz Institut Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Corresponding author.
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13
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Pham P, Mandal R, Qi C, Hilty C. Interfacing Liquid State Hyperpolarization Methods with NMR Instrumentation. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE OPEN 2022; 10-11:100052. [PMID: 35530721 PMCID: PMC9070690 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmro.2022.100052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Advances in liquid state hyperpolarization methods have enabled new applications of high-resolution NMR spectroscopy. Utilizing strong signal enhancements from hyperpolarization allows performing NMR spectroscopy at low concentration, or with high time resolution. Making use of the high, but rapidly decaying hyperpolarization in the liquid state requires new techniques to interface hyperpolarization equipment with liquid state NMR spectrometers. This article highlights rapid injection, high resolution NMR spectroscopy with hyperpolarization produced by the techniques of dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (D-DNP) and para-hydrogen induced polarization (PHIP). These are popular, albeit not the only methods to produce high polarization levels for liquid samples. Gas and liquid driven sample injection techniques are compatible with both of these hyperpolarization methods. The rapid sample injection techniques are combined with adapted NMR experiments working in a single, or small number of scans. They expand the application of liquid state hyperpolarization to spins with comparably short relaxation times, provide enhanced control over sample conditions, and allow for mixing experiments to study reactions in real time.
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14
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Buntkowsky G, Theiss F, Lins J, Miloslavina YA, Wienands L, Kiryutin A, Yurkovskaya A. Recent advances in the application of parahydrogen in catalysis and biochemistry. RSC Adv 2022; 12:12477-12506. [PMID: 35480380 PMCID: PMC9039419 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra01346k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) are analytical and diagnostic tools that are essential for a very broad field of applications, ranging from chemical analytics, to non-destructive testing of materials and the investigation of molecular dynamics, to in vivo medical diagnostics and drug research. One of the major challenges in their application to many problems is the inherent low sensitivity of magnetic resonance, which results from the small energy-differences of the nuclear spin-states. At thermal equilibrium at room temperature the normalized population difference of the spin-states, called the Boltzmann polarization, is only on the order of 10-5. Parahydrogen induced polarization (PHIP) is an efficient and cost-effective hyperpolarization method, which has widespread applications in Chemistry, Physics, Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Medical Imaging. PHIP creates its signal-enhancements by means of a reversible (SABRE) or irreversible (classic PHIP) chemical reaction between the parahydrogen, a catalyst, and a substrate. Here, we first give a short overview about parahydrogen-based hyperpolarization techniques and then review the current literature on method developments and applications of various flavors of the PHIP experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerd Buntkowsky
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8 D-64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Franziska Theiss
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8 D-64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Jonas Lins
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8 D-64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Yuliya A Miloslavina
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8 D-64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Laura Wienands
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8 D-64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Alexey Kiryutin
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Alexandra Yurkovskaya
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
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15
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Optically Pumped Magnetometer Measuring Fatigue-Induced Damage in Steel. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12031329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Uniaxial fatigue testing of micro-mechanical metallic specimens can provide valuable insight into damage formation. Magnetic and piezomagnetic testing are commonly used for qualitative characterization of damage in ferromagnetic specimens. Sensitive and accurate measurements with magnetic sensors is a key part of such a characterization. This work presents an experimental setup to induce structural defects in a micro-mechanical fatigue test. Simultaneously, the resulting piezomagnetic signals are measured during the complete lifetime of the tested specimen. The key component is a highly sensitive optically pumped magnetometer (OPM) used to measure the piezomagnetic hysteresis of a small specimen whose structural defects can be analyzed on a small scale by other metallographic characterization methods as well. This setup aims to quantify the magnetic signatures of damage during the fatigue process, which could enable non-destructive mechanical testing of materials. This paper reports the initial results obtained from this novel micro-magneto-mechanical test setup for a ferritic steel specimen.
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16
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Schmidt AB, Bowers CR, Buckenmaier K, Chekmenev EY, de Maissin H, Eills J, Ellermann F, Glöggler S, Gordon JW, Knecht S, Koptyug IV, Kuhn J, Pravdivtsev AN, Reineri F, Theis T, Them K, Hövener JB. Instrumentation for Hydrogenative Parahydrogen-Based Hyperpolarization Techniques. Anal Chem 2022; 94:479-502. [PMID: 34974698 PMCID: PMC8784962 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas B. Schmidt
- Department of Radiology – Medical Physics, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstr. 5a, Freiburg 79106, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - C. Russell Bowers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, 2001 Museum Road, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, USA
| | - Kai Buckenmaier
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Max-Planck-Ring 11, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Intergrative Biosciences (Ibio), Department of Chemistry, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI 48202, United States
- Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Leninskiy Prospect, 14, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Henri de Maissin
- Department of Radiology – Medical Physics, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstr. 5a, Freiburg 79106, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - James Eills
- Institute for Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University, D-55090 Mainz, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Frowin Ellermann
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Kiel, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefan Glöggler
- NMR Signal Enhancement Group Max Planck Institutefor Biophysical Chemistry Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration of UMG Von-Siebold-Str. 3A, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jeremy W. Gordon
- Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, 185 Berry St., San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | | | - Igor V. Koptyug
- International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Jule Kuhn
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Kiel, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andrey N. Pravdivtsev
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Kiel, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Francesca Reineri
- Dept. Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Via Nizza 52, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Thomas Theis
- Departments of Chemistry, Physics and Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Kolja Them
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Kiel, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jan-Bernd Hövener
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Kiel, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14, 24118, Kiel, Germany
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17
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Blanchard JW, Ripka B, Suslick BA, Gelevski D, Wu T, Münnemann K, Barskiy DA, Budker D. Towards large-scale steady-state enhanced nuclear magnetization with in situ detection. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2021; 59:1208-1215. [PMID: 33826170 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.5161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) boosts NMR signals of various nuclei enabling new applications spanning from magnetic resonance imaging to analytical chemistry and fundamental physics. SABRE is especially well positioned for continuous generation of enhanced magnetization on a large scale; however, several challenges need to be addressed for accomplishing this goal. Specifically, SABRE requires (i) a specialized catalyst capable of reversible H2 activation and (ii) physical transfer of the sample from the point of magnetization generation to the point of detection (e.g., a high-field or a benchtop nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] spectrometer). Moreover, (iii) continuous parahydrogen bubbling accelerates solvent (e.g., methanol) evaporation, thereby limiting the experimental window to tens of minutes per sample. In this work, we demonstrate a strategy to rapidly generate the best-to-date precatalyst (a compound that is chemically modified in the course of the reaction to yield the catalyst) for SABRE, [Ir(IMes)(COD)Cl] (IMes = 1,3-bis-[2,4,6-trimethylphenyl]-imidazol-2-ylidene; COD = cyclooctadiene) via a highly accessible synthesis. Second, we measure hyperpolarized samples using a home-built zero-field NMR spectrometer and study the field dependence of hyperpolarization directly in the detection apparatus, eliminating the need to physically move the sample during the experiment. Finally, we prolong the measurement time and reduce evaporation by presaturating parahydrogen with the solvent vapor before bubbling into the sample. These advancements extend opportunities for exploring SABRE hyperpolarization by researchers from various fields and pave the way to producing large quantities of hyperpolarized material for long-lasting detection of SABRE-derived nuclear magnetization.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Blanchard
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research GmbH, Mainz, Germany
- NVision Imaging Technologies GmbH, Ulm, Germany
| | - Barbara Ripka
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz, Germany
| | - Benjamin A Suslick
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Dario Gelevski
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Teng Wu
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research GmbH, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Kerstin Münnemann
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Process Engineering, Technical University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Danila A Barskiy
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research GmbH, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research GmbH, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
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18
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Alcicek S, Put P, Barskiy D, Kontul V, Pustelny S. Zero-Field NMR of Urea: Spin-Topology Engineering by Chemical Exchange. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:10671-10676. [PMID: 34705470 PMCID: PMC8573776 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Well-resolved and information-rich J-spectra are the foundation for chemical detection in zero-field NMR. However, even for relatively small molecules, spectra exhibit complexity, hindering the analysis. To address this problem, we investigate an example biomolecule with a complex J-coupling network─urea, a key metabolite in protein catabolism─and demonstrate ways of simplifying its zero-field spectra by modifying spin topology. This goal is achieved by controlling pH-dependent chemical exchange rates of 1H nuclei and varying the composition of the D2O/H2O mixture used as a solvent. Specifically, we demonstrate that by increasing the proton exchange rate in the [13C,15N2]-urea solution, the spin system simplifies, manifesting through a single narrow spectral peak. Additionally, we show that the spectra of 1H/D isotopologues of [15N2]-urea can be understood easily by analyzing isolated spin subsystems. This study paves the way for zero-field NMR detection of complex biomolecules, particularly in biofluids with a high concentration of water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyma Alcicek
- Institute
of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
| | - Piotr Put
- Institute
of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
| | - Danila Barskiy
- Helmholtz
Institute Mainz, GSI Helmholtz Center
for Heavy Ion Research GmbH, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Institute
of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Vladimir Kontul
- Institute
of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
| | - Szymon Pustelny
- Institute
of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
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19
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Jiang W, Peng Q, Sun H, Zhang Q, Huang C, Cao S, Wang X, Chen Z. Determining the enantioselectivity of asymmetric hydrogenation through parahydrogen-induced hyperpolarization. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:161101. [PMID: 34717365 DOI: 10.1063/5.0067959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Asymmetric hydrogenation plays an essential role for both academic research and industry to produce enantiomeric pure chiral molecules. Although nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is powerful in determining the yields of hydrogenation, it is still challenging to use NMR for chirality-related analysis. Herein, we applied parahydrogen-induced hyperpolarization (PHIP) NMR to determine the enantioselectivity of asymmetric hydrogenation and the absolute chirality of products. We hyperpolarized two types of unsaturated amino acid precursors, i.e., methyl-α-acetoamido cinnamate and (E)-ethyl 3-acetamidobut-2-enoate. Hydrogenation of prochiral substrates with parahydrogen gave temporary hyperpolarized diastereoisomers, which exhibit different PHIP patterns distinguishable in 1H NMR. After assigning the NMR peaks by density functional theory calculations, we simulated the PHIP patterns of all the possible temporary hyperpolarized diastereoisomers and unambiguously assigned the chirality of the products and the enantioselectivity of asymmetric hydrogenation. Our work demonstrates the application and potential of PHIP in revealing the mechanism of asymmetric hydrogenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Jiang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Department of Electronic Science, Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
| | - Qiwei Peng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Department of Electronic Science, Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
| | - Huijun Sun
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Department of Electronic Science, Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Department of Electronic Science, Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
| | - Chengda Huang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Department of Electronic Science, Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
| | - Shuohui Cao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Department of Electronic Science, Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
| | - Xinchang Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Department of Electronic Science, Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Department of Electronic Science, Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
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20
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Tickner BJ, Zhivonitko VV, Telkki VV. Ultrafast Laplace NMR to study metal-ligand interactions in reversible polarisation transfer from parahydrogen. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:16542-16550. [PMID: 34338685 PMCID: PMC8359933 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp02383g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Laplace Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) can determine relaxation parameters and diffusion constants, giving valuable information about molecular structure and dynamics. Information about relaxation times (T1 and T2) and the self-diffusion coefficient (D) can be extracted from exponentially decaying NMR signals by performing a Laplace transform, which is a different approach to traditional NMR involving Fourier transform of a free induction decay. Ultrafast Laplace NMR uses spatial encoding to collect the entire data set in just a single scan which provides orders of magnitude time savings. In this work we use ultrafast Laplace NMR D-T2 correlation sequences to measure key relaxation (T2) and diffusion (D) parameters of methanolic solutions containing pyridine. For the first time we combine this technique with the hyperpolarisation technique Signal Amplification By Reversible Exchange (SABRE), which employs an iridium catalyst to reversibly transfer polarisation from parahydrogen, to boost the 1H NMR signals of pyridine by up to 300-fold. We demonstrate use of ultrafast Laplace NMR to monitor changes in pyridine T2 and D associated with ligation to the iridium SABRE catalyst and kinetic isotope exchange reactions. The combined 1440-fold reduction in experiment time and 300-fold 1H NMR signal enhancement allow the determination of pyridine D coefficients and T2 values at 25 mM concentrations in just 3 seconds using SABRE hyperpolarised ultrafast Laplace NMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben. J. Tickner
- NMR Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu90014Finland
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21
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Chekmenev EY, Goodson BM, Bukhtiyarov VI, Koptyug IV. Bridging the Gap: From Homogeneous to Heterogeneous Parahydrogen-induced Hyperpolarization and Beyond. Chemphyschem 2021; 22:710-715. [PMID: 33825286 PMCID: PMC8357055 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202001031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Demonstration of parahydrogen-induced polarization effects in hydrogenations catalyzed by heterogeneous catalysts instead of metal complexes in a homogeneous solution has opened an entirely new dimension for parahydrogen-based research, demonstrating its applicability not only for the production of catalyst-free hyperpolarized liquids and gases and long-lived non-equilibrium spin states for potential biomedical applications, but also for addressing challenges of modern fundamental and industrial catalysis including advanced mechanistic studies of catalytic reactions and operando NMR and MRI of reactors. This essay summarizes the progress achieved in this field by highlighting the research contributed to it by our colleague and friend Kirill V. Kovtunov whose scientific career ended unexpectedly and tragically at the age of 37. His role in this research was certainly crucial, further enhanced by a vast network of his contacts and collaborations at the national and international level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Wayne State University Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- Russian Academy of Sciences, 14 Leninskiy prospect, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Boyd M Goodson
- Southern Illinois University Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Materials Technology Center, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
| | - Valerii I Bukhtiyarov
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, SB RAS, 5 Acad. Lavrentiev pr., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Igor V Koptyug
- International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya st., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
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22
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Zhukov IV, Kiryutin AS, Yurkovskaya AV, Blanchard JW, Budker D, Ivanov KL. Correlation of high-field and zero- to ultralow-field NMR properties using 2D spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:144201. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0039294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan V. Zhukov
- International Tomography Center, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Alexey S. Kiryutin
- International Tomography Center, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Alexandra V. Yurkovskaya
- International Tomography Center, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - John W. Blanchard
- NVision-Imaging Technologies, Ulm 89081, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Konstantin L. Ivanov
- International Tomography Center, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
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23
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Blanchard JW, Budker D, Trabesinger A. Lower than low: Perspectives on zero- to ultralow-field nuclear magnetic resonance. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2021; 323:106886. [PMID: 33518173 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2020.106886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The less-traveled low road in nuclear magnetic resonance is discussed, honoring the contributions of Prof. Bernhard Blümich, aspiring towards reaching 'a new low.' A history of the subject and its current status are briefly reviewed, followed by an effort to prophesy possible directions for future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Blanchard
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128 Mainz, Germany; Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany; Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-7300, USA
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24
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Alcicek S, Put P, Kontul V, Pustelny S. Zero-Field NMR J-Spectroscopy of Organophosphorus Compounds. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:787-792. [PMID: 33411543 PMCID: PMC7877728 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c03532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Organophosphorus compounds are a wide and diverse class of chemicals playing a crucial role in living organisms. This aspect has been often investigated using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), which provides information about molecular structure and function. In this paper, we report the results of theoretical and experimental studies on basic organophosphorus compounds using zero-field NMR, where spin dynamics are investigated in the absence of a magnetic field with the dominant heteronuclear J-coupling. We demonstrate that the zero-field NMR enables distinguishing the chemicals owing to their unique electronic environment even though their spin systems have the same alphabetic designation. Such information can be obtained just in a single measurement, while amplitudes and widths of observed low-field NMR resonances enable the study of processes affecting spin dynamics. An excellent agreement between simulations and measurements of the spectra, particularly in the largest frequency J-couplings range ever reported in zero-field NMR, is demonstrated.
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Put P, Pustelny S, Budker D, Druga E, Sjolander TF, Pines A, Barskiy DA. Zero- to Ultralow-Field NMR Spectroscopy of Small Biomolecules. Anal Chem 2021; 93:3226-3232. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Put
- M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Łojasiewicza 11, Kraków 30-348, Poland
| | - Szymon Pustelny
- M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Łojasiewicza 11, Kraków 30-348, Poland
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, United States
| | - Emanuel Druga
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1462, United States
| | - Tobias F. Sjolander
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1462, United States
| | - Alexander Pines
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1462, United States
| | - Danila A. Barskiy
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1462, United States
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