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Sun J, Yan J, Li F, Li J, Ma J, Xu G, Han P, Hou G, Tang Y, Dong S, Huang J, Cui G. Deciphering the Lithium-Ion Conduction Mechanism of LiH in Solid-Electrolyte Interphase. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2405384. [PMID: 38898680 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202405384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Lithium hydride (LiH) has been widely recognized as the critical component of the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) in Li batteries. Although the formation mechanism and structural model of LiH in SEI have been extensively reported, the role in electro-performance of LiH in SEI is still ambiguous and has proven challenging to explored due to the complicated structure SEI and the lack of advanced in situ experimental technology. In this study, the isotopic exchange experiments combined with isotopic tracer experiments is applied to solidly illustrate the superior conductivity and Li+ conduction behavior of the LiH in natural SEI. Importantly, in situ transmission electron microscopy analysis is utilized to visualize the self-electrochemical decomposition of LiH, which is significantly distinctive from LiF and Li2O. The critical experimental evidence discovered by the work demonstrates ion transport behaviors of key components in the SEI, which is imperative for designing novel SEI and augurs a new area in optimizing the performance of lithium batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinran Sun
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Jitong Yan
- Department Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Fan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Jiedong Li
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Gaojie Xu
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Pengxian Han
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Guangjin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Yongfu Tang
- Department Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Shanmu Dong
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Jianyu Huang
- Clean Nano Energy Center, State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Guanglei Cui
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
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2
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Du H, Wang Y, Kang Y, Zhao Y, Tian Y, Wang X, Tan Y, Liang Z, Wozny J, Li T, Ren D, Wang L, He X, Xiao P, Mao E, Tavajohi N, Kang F, Li B. Side Reactions/Changes in Lithium-Ion Batteries: Mechanisms and Strategies for Creating Safer and Better Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2401482. [PMID: 38695389 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202401482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), in which lithium ions function as charge carriers, are considered the most competitive energy storage devices due to their high energy and power density. However, battery materials, especially with high capacity undergo side reactions and changes that result in capacity decay and safety issues. A deep understanding of the reactions that cause changes in the battery's internal components and the mechanisms of those reactions is needed to build safer and better batteries. This review focuses on the processes of battery failures, with voltage and temperature as the underlying factors. Voltage-induced failures result from anode interfacial reactions, current collector corrosion, cathode interfacial reactions, overcharge, and over-discharge, while temperature-induced failure mechanisms include SEI decomposition, separator damage, and interfacial reactions between electrodes and electrolytes. The review also presents protective strategies for controlling these reactions. As a result, the reader is offered a comprehensive overview of the safety features and failure mechanisms of various LIB components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Du
- Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yadong Wang
- Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yuqiong Kang
- Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yao Tian
- Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xianshu Wang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Lithium-Ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, P. R. China
| | - Yihong Tan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zheng Liang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - John Wozny
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, 60115, USA
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, 60115, USA
| | - Dongsheng Ren
- Institute of Nuclear & New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Li Wang
- Institute of Nuclear & New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xiangming He
- Institute of Nuclear & New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Peitao Xiao
- College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China
| | - Eryang Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Naser Tavajohi
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, 90187, Sweden
| | - Feiyu Kang
- Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Baohua Li
- Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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3
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Lu J, Zhang S, Yao J, Guo Z, Osenberg M, Hilger A, Markötter H, Wilde F, Manke I, Zhang X, Sun F, Cui G. Synergistic Effect of CO 2 in Accelerating the Galvanic Corrosion of Lithium/Sodium Anodes in Alkali Metal-Carbon Dioxide Batteries. ACS NANO 2024; 18:10930-10945. [PMID: 38604994 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c02329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Rechargeable alkali metal-CO2 batteries, which combine high theoretical energy density and environmentally friendly CO2 fixation ability, have attracted worldwide attention. Unfortunately, their electrochemical performances are usually inferior for practical applications. Aiming to reveal the underlying causes, a combinatorial usage of advanced nondestructive and postmortem characterization tools is used to intensively study the failure mechanisms of Li/Na-CO2 batteries. It is found that a porous interphase layer is formed between the separator and the Li/Na anode during the overvoltage rising and battery performance decaying process. A series of control experiments are designed to identify the underlying mechanisms dictating the observed morphological evolution of Li/Na anodes, and it is found that the CO2 synergist facilitates Li/Na chemical corrosion, the process of which is further promoted by the unwanted galvanic corrosion and the electrochemical cycling conditions. A detailed compositional analysis reveals that the as-formed interphase layers under different conditions are similar in species, with the main differences being their inconsistent quantity. Theoretical calculation results not only suggest an inherent intermolecular affinity between the CO2 and the electrolyte solvent but also provide the most thermodynamically favored CO2 reaction pathways. Based on these results, important implications for the further development of rechargeable alkali metal-CO2 batteries are discussed. The current discoveries not only fundamentally enrich our knowledge of the failure mechanisms of rechargeable alkali metal-CO2 batteries but also provide mechanistic directions for protecting metal anodes to build high-reversible alkali metal-CO2 batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Lu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 266101 Qingdao, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 266101 Qingdao, China
| | - Jianhua Yao
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 266101 Qingdao, China
| | - Ziyang Guo
- College of Energy Material and Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, P. R. China
| | - Markus Osenberg
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - André Hilger
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - Henning Markötter
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und-prüfung, Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin, Germany
| | - Fabian Wilde
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Max-Planck Straße 1, Geesthacht 21502, Germany
| | - Ingo Manke
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - Xiao Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Fu Sun
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 266101 Qingdao, China
| | - Guanglei Cui
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 266101 Qingdao, China
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4
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Dong T, Zhang S, Ren Z, Huang L, Xu G, Liu T, Wang S, Cui G. Electrolyte Engineering Toward High Performance High Nickel (Ni ≥ 80%) Lithium-Ion Batteries. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2305753. [PMID: 38044323 PMCID: PMC10870087 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
High nickel (Ni ≥ 80%) lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with high specific energy are one of the most important technical routes to resolve the growing endurance anxieties. However, because of their extremely aggressive chemistries, high-Ni (Ni ≥ 80%) LIBs suffer from poor cycle life and safety performance, which hinder their large-scale commercial applications. Among varied strategies, electrolyte engineering is very powerful to simultaneously enhance the cycle life and safety of high-Ni (Ni ≥ 80%) LIBs. In this review, the pivotal challenges faced by high-Ni oxide cathodes and conventional LiPF6 -carbonate-based electrolytes are comprehensively summarized. Then, the functional additives design guidelines for LiPF6 -carbonate -based electrolytes and the design principles of high voltage resistance/high safety novel electrolytes are systematically elaborated to resolve these pivotal challenges. Moreover, the proposed thermal runaway mechanisms of high-Ni (Ni ≥ 80%) LIBs are also reviewed to provide useful perspectives for the design of high-safety electrolytes. Finally, the potential research directions of electrolyte engineering toward high-performance high-Ni (Ni ≥ 80%) LIBs are provided. This review will have an important impact on electrolyte innovation as well as the commercial evolution of high-Ni (Ni ≥ 80%) LIBs, and also will be significant to breakthrough the energy density ceiling of LIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Dong
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research InstituteQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao266101China
- Shandong Energy InstituteQingdao266101China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong LaboratoryQingdao266101China
| | - Shenghang Zhang
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research InstituteQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao266101China
- Shandong Energy InstituteQingdao266101China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong LaboratoryQingdao266101China
| | - Zhongqin Ren
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research InstituteQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao266101China
- Shandong Energy InstituteQingdao266101China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong LaboratoryQingdao266101China
| | - Lang Huang
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research InstituteQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao266101China
- Shandong Energy InstituteQingdao266101China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong LaboratoryQingdao266101China
| | - Gaojie Xu
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research InstituteQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao266101China
- Shandong Energy InstituteQingdao266101China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong LaboratoryQingdao266101China
| | - Tao Liu
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research InstituteQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao266101China
- Shandong Energy InstituteQingdao266101China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong LaboratoryQingdao266101China
| | - Shitao Wang
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research InstituteQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao266101China
- Shandong Energy InstituteQingdao266101China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong LaboratoryQingdao266101China
| | - Guanglei Cui
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research InstituteQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao266101China
- Shandong Energy InstituteQingdao266101China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong LaboratoryQingdao266101China
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5
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Zuo F, Zhang H, Ding Y, Liu Y, Li Y, Liu H, Gu F, Li Q, Wang Y, Zhu Y, Li H, Yu G. Electrochemical interfacial catalysis in Co-based battery electrodes involving spin-polarized electron transfer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2314362120. [PMID: 37983507 PMCID: PMC10691230 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2314362120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Interfacial catalysis occurs ubiquitously in electrochemical systems, such as batteries, fuel cells, and photocatalytic devices. Frequently, in such a system, the electrode material evolves dynamically at different operating voltages, and this electrochemically driven transformation usually dictates the catalytic reactivity of the material and ultimately the electrochemical performance of the device. Despite the importance of the process, comprehension of the underlying structural and compositional evolutions of the electrode material with direct visualization and quantification is still a significant challenge. In this work, we demonstrate a protocol for studying the dynamic evolution of the electrode material under electrochemical processes by integrating microscopic and spectroscopic analyses, operando magnetometry techniques, and density functional theory calculations. The presented methodology provides a real-time picture of the chemical, physical, and electronic structures of the material and its link to the electrochemical performance. Using Co(OH)2 as a prototype battery electrode and by monitoring the Co metal center under different applied voltages, we show that before a well-known catalytic reaction proceeds, an interfacial storage process occurs at the metallic Co nanoparticles/LiOH interface due to injection of spin-polarized electrons. Subsequently, the metallic Co nanoparticles act as catalytic activation centers and promote LiOH decomposition by transferring these interfacially residing electrons. Most intriguingly, at the LiOH decomposition potential, electronic structure of the metallic Co nanoparticles involving spin-polarized electrons transfer has been shown to exhibit a dynamic variation. This work illustrates a viable approach to access key information inside interfacial catalytic processes and provides useful insights in controlling complex interfaces for wide-ranging electrochemical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengkai Zuo
- College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao266071, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao266071, China
| | - Yu Ding
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX78712
- Center of Energy Storage Materials and Technology, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing210093, China
| | - Yongshuai Liu
- College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao266071, China
| | - Yuhao Li
- College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao266071, China
| | - Hengjun Liu
- College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao266071, China
| | - Fangchao Gu
- College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao266071, China
| | - Qiang Li
- College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao266071, China
| | - Yaqun Wang
- College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao266590, China
| | - Yue Zhu
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart70569, Germany
| | - Hongsen Li
- College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao266071, China
| | - Guihua Yu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX78712
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Mu P, Zhang S, Zhang H, Li J, Liu Z, Dong S, Cui G. A Spidroin-Inspired Hierarchical-Structure Binder Achieves Highly Integrated Silicon-Based Electrodes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2303312. [PMID: 37470468 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
As a promising component for next-generation high-energy lithium-ion batteries, silicon-based electrodes have attracted increasing attention by virtue of their ultrahigh theoretical specific capacities. Nevertheless, fast capacity fading posed by tremendous silicon-based electrode volume changes during cycling remains a huge challenge before large-scale applications. In this work, an aqueous-oil binary solution based blend (AOB) binder characterized by a spidroin-like hierarchical structure for tolerating the huge volume changes of silicon-based electrodes is developed. In the AOB binder, the polymer, containing hydrophobic tetrazole groups, denoted as PPB, and the water-soluble amorphous poly(acrylic acid), mimick the β-sheet and α-helix structure of spidroin, respectively. Benefitting from such biomimetic design, the AOB binder enables both high tensile strength and elasticity, and strong electrode adhesion, therefore apparently stabilizing the silicon-based electrode structure and rendering prolonged electrode cycle life. Such a strategy endows 3.3 Ah soft package cells assembled with Si/C composite anode and NCM811 cathode with a discharge specific capacity of 2.92 Ah after 700 cycles. This work marks a milestone in developing state-of-the-art silicon-based electrodes toward high-energy-density lithium-battery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengzhou Mu
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, P. R. China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, P. R. China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, 266101, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, P. R. China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, P. R. China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, 266101, P. R. China
| | - Huanrui Zhang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, P. R. China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, P. R. China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, 266101, P. R. China
| | - Jiedong Li
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, P. R. China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, P. R. China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, 266101, P. R. China
| | - Zhi Liu
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, P. R. China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, P. R. China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, 266101, P. R. China
| | - Shanmu Dong
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, P. R. China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, P. R. China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, 266101, P. R. China
| | - Guanglei Cui
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, P. R. China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, P. R. China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, 266101, P. R. China
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7
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Chen G, Sun J, Li J, Du X, Xu G, Dong S, Cui G. Revealing Capacity Degradation of Ge Anodes in Lithium-Ion Batteries Triggered by Interfacial LiH. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202306141. [PMID: 37282795 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202306141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The Germanium (Ge), as a fast-charging and high specific capacity (1568 mAh g-1 ) alloy anode, is greatly hampered in practical application by poor cyclability. To date, the understanding of cycling performance degradation remains elusive. This study illustrates that, contrary to conventional beliefs, most of the Ge material in failed anodes still retains good integrity and does not undergo severe pulverization. It is revealed that capacity degradation is clearly correlated to the interfacial evolution of lithium hydride (LiH). Tetralithium germanium hydride (Li4 Ge2 H), as a new species derived from LiH, is identified as the culprit of Ge anode degradation, which is the dominant crystalized component in an ever-growing and ever-insulating interphase. The significantly increased thickness of the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) is accompanied by the accumulation of insulating Li4 Ge2 H upon cycling, which severely retards the charge transport process and ultimately triggers the anode failure. We believe that the comprehensive understanding of the failure mechanism presented in this study is of great significance to promoting the design and development of alloy anode for the next generation of lithium-ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Chen
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, Shandong, China
- Ctr Mat Sci & Optoelect Engn, Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jinran Sun
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, Shandong, China
- Ctr Mat Sci & Optoelect Engn, Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jiedong Li
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaofan Du
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, Shandong, China
| | - Gaojie Xu
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, Shandong, China
- Ctr Mat Sci & Optoelect Engn, Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shanmu Dong
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, Shandong, China
- Ctr Mat Sci & Optoelect Engn, Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing, 100049, China
- Shandong Energy Inst., Qingdao, 266101, Shandong, China
| | - Guanglei Cui
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, Shandong, China
- Ctr Mat Sci & Optoelect Engn, Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing, 100049, China
- Shandong Energy Inst., Qingdao, 266101, Shandong, China
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8
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Xie Y, Huang Y, Zhang Y, Wu T, Liu S, Sun M, Lee B, Lin Z, Chen H, Dai P, Huang Z, Yang J, Shi C, Wu D, Huang L, Hua Y, Wang C, Sun S. Surface modification using heptafluorobutyric acid to produce highly stable Li metal anodes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2883. [PMID: 37208342 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38724-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The Li metal is an ideal anode material owing to its high theoretical specific capacity and low electrode potential. However, its high reactivity and dendritic growth in carbonate-based electrolytes limit its application. To address these issues, we propose a novel surface modification technique using heptafluorobutyric acid. In-situ spontaneous reaction between Li and the organic acid generates a lithiophilic interface of lithium heptafluorobutyrate for dendrite-free uniform Li deposition, which significantly improves the cycle stability (Li/Li symmetric cells >1200 h at 1.0 mA cm-2) and Coulombic efficiency (>99.3%) in conventional carbonate-based electrolytes. This lithiophilic interface also enables full batteries to achieve 83.2% capacity retention over 300 cycles under realistic testing condition. Lithium heptafluorobutyrate interface acts as an electrical bridge for uniform lithium-ion flux between Li anode and plating Li, which minimizes the occurrence of tortuous lithium dendrites and lowers interface impedance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Xie
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Yixin Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Yinggan Zhang
- College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Electronic Ceramic Materials and Devices, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Tairui Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Shishi Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Miaolan Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Bruce Lee
- Reliability Safety Department & Mechanism Simulation, Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited., 352100, Ningde, China
| | - Zhen Lin
- Reliability Safety Department & Mechanism Simulation, Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited., 352100, Ningde, China
| | - Hui Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Peng Dai
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Zheng Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Jian Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Chenguang Shi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Deyin Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Ling Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China.
| | - Yingjie Hua
- Hainan Normal University, Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage and Energy Conversion of Hainan Province, 571158, Haikou, China
| | - Chongtai Wang
- Hainan Normal University, Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage and Energy Conversion of Hainan Province, 571158, Haikou, China.
| | - Shigang Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China.
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9
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Zhang S, Zhuang X, Du X, Zhang X, Li J, Xu G, Ren Z, Cui Z, Huang L, Wang S, Sun F, Qiao L, Dong S, Cui G. A Novel Potassium Salt Regulated Solvation Chemistry Enabling Excellent Li-Anode Protection in Carbonate Electrolytes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2301312. [PMID: 36999377 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202301312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In lithium-metal batteries (LMBs), the compatibility of Li anode and conventional lithium hexafluorophosphate-(LiPF6 ) carbonate electrolyte is poor owing to the severe parasitic reactions. Herein, to resolve this issue, a delicately designed additive of potassium perfluoropinacolatoborate (KFPB) is unprecedentedly synthesized. On the one hand, KFPB additive can regulate the solvation structure of the carbonate electrolyte, promoting the formation of Li+ FPB- and K+ PF6 - ion pairs with lower lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy levels. On the other hand, FPB- anion possesses strong adsorption ability on Li anode. Thus, anions can preferentially adsorb and decompose on the Li-anode surface to form a conductive and robust solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer. Only with a trace amount of KFPB additive (0.03 m) in the carbonate electrolyte, Li dendrites' growth can be totally suppressed, and Li||Cu and Li||Li half cells exhibit excellent Li-plating/stripping stability upon cycling. Encouragingly, KFPB-assisted carbonate electrolyte enables high areal capacity LiCoO2 ||Li, LiNi0.8 Co0.1 Mn0.1 O2 (NCM811)||Li, and LiNi0.8 Co0.05 Al0.15 O2 (NCA)||Li LMBs with superior cycling stability, showing its excellent universality. This work reveals the importance of designing novel additives to regulate the solvation structure of carbonate electrolytes in improving its interface compatibility with the Li anode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenghang Zhang
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, 266101, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiangchun Zhuang
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaofan Du
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Xiaohu Zhang
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Jiedong Li
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Gaojie Xu
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhongqin Ren
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Zili Cui
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Lang Huang
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Shitao Wang
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Fun Sun
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Lixin Qiao
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Shanmu Dong
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Guanglei Cui
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, 266101, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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10
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Yuan S, Ding K, Zeng X, Bin D, Zhang Y, Dong P, Wang Y. Advanced Nonflammable Organic Electrolyte Promises Safer Li-Metal Batteries: From Solvation Structure Perspectives. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2206228. [PMID: 36004772 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202206228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Batteries with a Li-metal anode have recently attracted extensive attention from the battery communities owing to their high energy density. However, severe dendrite growth hinders their practical applications. More seriously, when Li dendrites pierce the separators and trigger short circuit in a highly flammable organic electrolyte, the results would be catastrophic. Although the issues of growth of Li dendrites have been almost addressed by various methods, the highly flammable nature of conventional organic liquid electrolytes is still a lingering fear facing high-energy-density Li-metal batteries given the possibility of thermal runaway of the high-voltage cathode. Recently, various kinds of nonflammable liquid- or solid-state electrolytes have shown great potential toward safer Li-metal batteries with minimal detrimental effect on the battery performance or even enhanced electrochemical performance. In this review, recent advances in developing nonflammable electrolyte for high-energy-density Li-metal batteries including high-concentration electrolyte, localized high-concentration electrolyte, fluorinated electrolyte, ionic liquid electrolyte, and polymer electrolyte are summarized. Then, the solvation structure of different kinds of nonflammable liquid and polymer electrolytes are analyzed to provide insight into the mechanism for dendrite suppression and fire extinguishing. Finally, guidelines for future design of nonflammable electrolyte for safer Li-metal batteries are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouyi Yuan
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-Ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering Kunming, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Kai Ding
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-Ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering Kunming, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zeng
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-Ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering Kunming, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, P. R. China
| | - Duan Bin
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, P. R. China
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-Ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering Kunming, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, P. R. China
| | - Peng Dong
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-Ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering Kunming, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, P. R. China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
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11
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Tan S, Kim JM, Corrao A, Ghose S, Zhong H, Rui N, Wang X, Senanayake S, Polzin BJ, Khalifah P, Xiao J, Liu J, Xu K, Yang XQ, Cao X, Hu E. Unravelling the convoluted and dynamic interphasial mechanisms on Li metal anodes. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 18:243-249. [PMID: 36471109 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-022-01273-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Accurate understanding of the chemistry of solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) is key to developing new electrolytes for high-energy batteries using lithium metal (Li0) anodes1. SEI is generally believed to be formed by the reactions between Li0 and electrolyte2,3. However, our new study shows this is not the whole story. Through synchrotron-based X-ray diffraction and pair distribution function analysis, we reveal a much more convoluted formation mechanism of SEI, which receives considerable contributions from electrolyte, cathode, moisture and native surface species on Li0, with highly dynamic nature during cycling. Using isotope labelling, we traced the origin of LiH to electrolyte solvent, moisture and a new source: the native surface species (LiOH) on pristine Li0. When lithium accessibility is very limited as in the case of anode-free cells, LiOH develops into plate-shaped large crystals during cycling. Alternatively, when the lithium source is abundant, as in the case of Li||NMC811 cells, LiOH reacts with Li0 to form LiH and Li2O. While the desired anion-derived LiF-rich SEI is typically found in the concentrated electrolytes or their derivatives, we found it can also be formed in low-concentration electrolyte via the crosstalk effect, emphasizing the importance of formation cycle protocol and opening up opportunities for low-cost electrolyte development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Tan
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Ju-Myung Kim
- Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Adam Corrao
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Sanjit Ghose
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
| | - Hui Zhong
- Department of Joint Photon Sciences Institute, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Ning Rui
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
| | - Xuelong Wang
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
| | | | - Bryant J Polzin
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA
| | - Peter Khalifah
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Jie Xiao
- Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jun Liu
- Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kang Xu
- Battery Science Branch, Energy Science Division, Sensors and Electron Devices Directorate, US Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, USA
| | - Xiao-Qing Yang
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
| | - Xia Cao
- Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA.
| | - Enyuan Hu
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA.
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12
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Wang C, Du X, Li J, Wang C, Dong S, Cui G. Unveiling the dynamic Li +-solvent interaction evolution in lithium metal batteries. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:2023-2026. [PMID: 36723068 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06184h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The interfacial chemistry during plating/stripping between electrolytes with different concentrations and Li metal is firstly in situ visualized by in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and simulated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. It is verified that different Li+-solvent interaction evolutions at interfaces during the Li+ stripping and plating processes result in different interfacial stability. This work uncovers the critical role of Li+-solvent interaction evolution for the stability of the interface between the solvent and Li metal anode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, P. R. China. .,College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofan Du
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, P. R. China.
| | - Jiedong Li
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, P. R. China.
| | - Chao Wang
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, P. R. China.
| | - Shanmu Dong
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, P. R. China.
| | - Guanglei Cui
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, P. R. China.
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13
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Xiang Y, Tao M, Chen X, Shan P, Zhao D, Wu J, Lin M, Liu X, He H, Zhao W, Hu Y, Chen J, Wang Y, Yang Y. Gas induced formation of inactive Li in rechargeable lithium metal batteries. Nat Commun 2023; 14:177. [PMID: 36635279 PMCID: PMC9837134 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35779-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The formation of inactive lithium by side reactions with liquid electrolyte contributes to cell failure of lithium metal batteries. To inhibit the formation and growth of inactive lithium, further understanding of the formation mechanisms and composition of inactive lithium are needed. Here we study the impact of gas producing reactions on the formation of inactive lithium using ethylene carbonate as a case study. Ethylene carbonate is a common electrolyte component used with graphite-based anodes but is incompatible with Li metal anodes. Using mass spectrometry titrations combined with 13C and 2H isotopic labeling, we reveal that ethylene carbonate decomposition continuously releases ethylene gas, which further reacts with lithium metal to form the electrochemically inactive species LiH and Li2C2. In addition, phase-field simulations suggest the non-ionically conducting gaseous species could result in an uneven distribution of lithium ions, detrimentally enhancing the formation of dendrites and dead Li. By optimizing the electrolyte composition, we selectively suppress the formation of ethylene gas to limit the formation of LiH and Li2C2 for both Li metal and graphite-based anodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Xiang
- grid.12955.3a0000 0001 2264 7233State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China ,grid.494629.40000 0004 8008 9315School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310030 Zhejiang China
| | - Mingming Tao
- grid.12955.3a0000 0001 2264 7233State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Chen
- grid.12955.3a0000 0001 2264 7233State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
| | - Peizhao Shan
- grid.12955.3a0000 0001 2264 7233State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
| | - Danhui Zhao
- grid.12955.3a0000 0001 2264 7233State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
| | - Jue Wu
- grid.12955.3a0000 0001 2264 7233State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
| | - Min Lin
- grid.12955.3a0000 0001 2264 7233State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
| | - Xiangsi Liu
- grid.12955.3a0000 0001 2264 7233State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
| | - Huajin He
- grid.12955.3a0000 0001 2264 7233State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
| | - Weimin Zhao
- grid.454879.30000 0004 1757 2013College of Chemical Engineering and Safety, Binzhou University, 256603 Binzhou, China
| | - Yonggang Hu
- grid.12955.3a0000 0001 2264 7233State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
| | - Junning Chen
- grid.12955.3a0000 0001 2264 7233State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
| | - Yuexing Wang
- grid.249079.10000 0004 0369 4132Institute of Electronic Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, 621999 Mianyang, China
| | - Yong Yang
- grid.12955.3a0000 0001 2264 7233State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
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14
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Geng F, Lu G, Liao Y, Shen M, Hu B. Quantitative and space-resolved in situ 1D EPR imaging for the detection of metallic lithium deposits. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:174203. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0125080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to monitor lithium deposition on the anodes in real time is becoming progressively more important due to the development of advanced anode technology. Given the fact that the detrimental Li deposits are always on the micron scale, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) happens to be a very effective and selective detection technology due to the skin effect. Here, quantitative in situ 1D EPR imaging is carried out with a magnetic field gradient to achieve a one-dimensional spatial resolution along the Li growth direction in a capillary cell. The quantification of Li deposits is carefully calibrated using a 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl standard, and a processing method is presented to correct the double integration of the Dysonian line from the metallic Li. The Li deposition processes are compared in two different electrolytes. For the electrolyte containing fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) additive, the fitting results of Dysonian lines suggest that the plated Li has a larger dimension of the microstructure and the stripping proceeds more uniformly. It thus accounts for the higher Coulombic efficiency in the electrolyte with FEC. In situ EPR imaging also suggests that the Sand’s capacity varies with the electrolytes. The forced growth of dendritic Li is carried out at a very large current density using a derivative operando EPR method to monitor the growth locus of the Li dendrites, indicating a tip-growing mechanism. This work can be instructive for those who are engaged in the study of electro-deposited lithium using in situ EPR imaging technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fushan Geng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China
| | - Guozhong Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Liao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Shen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingwen Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China
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15
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Tao M, Xiang Y, Zhao D, Shan P, Sun Y, Yang Y. Quantifying the Evolution of Inactive Li/Lithium Hydride and Their Correlations in Rechargeable Anode-free Li Batteries. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:6775-6781. [PMID: 35939759 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c02484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Electrolyte optimization, such as using fluoride-bearing electrolytes, is regarded as an effective way to improve the cycle performance of lithium metal batteries (LMBs), but the promotion mechanisms of the electrolytes are in controversy due to the lack of quantitative understanding of the reaction products during cycling. Here, taking several fluorinated electrolytes as models, we use mass spectrometry titration (MST) and solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques to quantify the evolution of dead Li metal, solid electrolyte interphases (SEI) and lithium hydride (LiH) during cycling. Our quantitative results clearly disclose that lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate (LiODFB) is able to inhibit the formation of SEI and LiH while fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) mainly inhibits the formation of dead Li metal. Furthermore, we surprisingly observe a linear correlation between LiH and SEI formation, whereas the commonly mentioned lithium fluoride (LiF) shows a weak correlation with either dead Li metal or SEI. Guided by the clear failure mechanism, we can provide a reasonable explanation for the synergistic effect with the combination of LiODFB and FEC from a quantitative perspective. We believe that a quantitative insight of electrolytes on the failure mechanism of LMBs will guide us to explore the functional electrolytes to achieve the practical application of LMBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Tao
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxuan Xiang
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Danhui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Peizhao Shan
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiou Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
- School of Energy Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
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16
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Clarisza A, Bezabh HK, Jiang SK, Huang CJ, Olbasa BW, Wu SH, Su WN, Hwang BJ. Highly Concentrated Salt Electrolyte for a Highly Stable Aqueous Dual-Ion Zinc Battery. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:36644-36655. [PMID: 35927979 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c09040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A zinc metal anode for zinc-ion batteries is a promising alternative to solve safety and cost issues in lithium-ion batteries. The Zn metal is characterized by its high theoretical capacity (820 mAh g-1), low redox potential (0.762 V vs SHE), low toxicity, high abundance on Earth, and high stability in water. Taking advantage of the stability of Zn in water, an aqueous Zn ion battery with low cost, high safety, and easy-to-handle features can be developed. To minimize water-related parasitic reactions, this work utilizes a highly concentrated salt electrolyte (HCE) with dual salts─1 m Zn(OTf)2 + 20 m LiTFSI. MD simulations prove that Zn2+ is preferentially coordinated with O in the TFSI- anion from HCE instead of O in H2O. HCE has a broadened electrochemical stability window due to suppressed H2 and O2 evolution. Some advanced ex situ and in situ/in operando analysis techniques have been applied to evaluate the morphological structure and the composition of the in situ formed passivation layer. A dual-ion full Zn||LiMn2O4 cell employing HCE has an excellent capacity retention of 92% after 300 cycles with an average Coulombic efficiency of 99.62%. Meanwhile, the low concentration electrolyte (LCE) cell degrades rapidly and is short-circuited after 66 cycles with an average Coulombic efficiency of 96.91%. The battery's excellent cycling performance with HCE is attributed to the formation of a stable anion-derived solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer. On the contrary, the high free water activity in LCE leads to a water-derived interfacial layer with unavoidable dendrite growth during cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Clarisza
- Nano-Electrochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Hailemariam Kassa Bezabh
- Nano-Electrochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Kai Jiang
- Nano-Electrochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Jui Huang
- Nano-Electrochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Bizualem Wakuma Olbasa
- Nano-Electrochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - She-Huang Wu
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Sustainable Energy Development Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Nien Su
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Sustainable Energy Development Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Bing Joe Hwang
- Nano-Electrochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Sustainable Energy Development Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC), Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
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17
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Development of quasi-solid-state anode-free high-energy lithium sulfide-based batteries. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4415. [PMID: 35906196 PMCID: PMC9338099 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32031-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Anode-free lithium batteries without lithium metal excess are a practical option to maximize the energy content beyond the conventional design of Li-ion and Li metal batteries. However, their performance and reliability are still limited by using low-capacity oxygen-releasing intercalation cathodes and flammable liquid electrolytes. Herein, we propose quasi-solid-state anode-free batteries containing lithium sulfide-based cathodes and non-flammable polymeric gel electrolytes. Such batteries exhibit an energy density of 1323 Wh L-1 at the pouch cell level. Moreover, the lithium sulfide-based anode-free cell chemistry endows intrinsic safety thanks to a lack of uncontrolled exothermic reactions of reactive oxygen and excess Li inventory. Furthermore, the non-flammable gel electrolyte, developed from MXene-doped fluorinated polymer, inhibits polysulfide shuttling, hinders Li dendrite formation and further secures cell safety. Finally, we demonstrate the improved cell safety against mechanical, electrical and thermal abuses.
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18
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He X, Cui Y, Qian Y, Wu Y, Ling H, Zhang H, Kong XY, Zhao Y, Xue M, Jiang L, Wen L. Anion Concentration Gradient-Assisted Construction of a Solid-Electrolyte Interphase for a Stable Zinc Metal Anode at High Rates. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:11168-11177. [PMID: 35658470 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c01815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Coulombic efficiency (CE) and cycle life of metal anodes (lithium, sodium, zinc) are limited by dendritic growth and side reactions in rechargeable metal batteries. Here, we proposed a concept for constructing an anion concentration gradient (ACG)-assisted solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) for ultrahigh ionic conductivity on metal anodes, in which the SEI layer is fabricated through an in situ chemical reaction of the sulfonic acid polymer and zinc (Zn) metal. Owing to the driving force of the sulfonate concentration gradient and high bulky sulfonate concentration, a promoted Zn2+ ionic conductivity and inhibited anion diffusion in the SEI layer are realized, resulting in a significant suppression of dendrite growth and side reaction. The presence of ACG-SEI on the Zn metal enables stable Zn plating/stripping over 2000 h at a high current density of 20 mA cm-2 and a capacity of 5 mAh cm-2 in Zn/Zn symmetric cells, and moreover an improved cycling stability is also observed in Zn/MnO2 full cells and Zn/AC supercapacitors. The SEI layer containing anion concentration gradients for stable cycling of a metal anode sheds a new light on the fundamental understanding of cation plating/stripping on metal electrodes and technical advances of rechargeable metal batteries with remarkable performance under practical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng He
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yanglansen Cui
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yongchao Qian
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yadong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Haoyang Ling
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Huanrong Zhang
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Yu Kong
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education; National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Mianqi Xue
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Liping Wen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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19
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Zuo Z, Huang X, Zhuang D, Zhao Q, Wang T, He J. Modifying the Lithiophilicity of Cu
2
O/Cu Collector by LiCuO to Restrain Lithium Dendrite Growth. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202201311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongzheng Zuo
- Department of Applied Chemistry Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics 211106 Nanjing Jiangsu Province People's Republic of China
| | - Xianli Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics 211106 Nanjing Jiangsu Province People's Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Zhuang
- Department of Applied Chemistry Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics 211106 Nanjing Jiangsu Province People's Republic of China
| | - Qiliang Zhao
- Department of Applied Chemistry Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics 211106 Nanjing Jiangsu Province People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics 211106 Nanjing Jiangsu Province People's Republic of China
| | - Jianping He
- Department of Applied Chemistry Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics 211106 Nanjing Jiangsu Province People's Republic of China
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20
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Ma Y, Qin B, Du X, Xu G, Wang D, Wang J, Zhang J, Zhao J, Su Z, Cui G. Delicately Tailored Ternary Phosphate Electrolyte Promotes Ultrastable Cycling of Na 3V 2(PO 4) 2F 3-Based Sodium Metal Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:17444-17453. [PMID: 35411771 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c01894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
High-voltage sodium metal batteries are a highly intriguing battery technology in view of their resource sustainability, cost efficiency, and ultrahigh energy density. However, developing a high-performance electrolyte, compatible with both high-voltage cathodes and highly reactive sodium metal anodes, is extremely challenging. In this work, we delicately formulate a ternary phosphate electrolyte, composing of a cost-effective sodium bis(trifluoromethane sulfonyl) imide salt, a nonflammable triethyl phosphate (TEP) solvent, and a fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) co-solvent. By rationally tailoring the TEP/FEC ratio, the ternary phosphate electrolyte displays a well-balanced performance, not only enabling highly efficient sodium deposition (an average Coulombic efficiency of 95.7% for Na//Cu cells) but also inheriting the intrinsic anodic stability (≥4.5 V vs Na+/Na) and nonflammability of phosphates. As a consequence, high-voltage Na3V2(PO4)2F3 cathode-based sodium metal cells (Na3V2(PO4)2F3//Na) deliver remarkable cyclic stability (97.9% capacity retention after 300 cycles), which is among the best for Na3V2(PO4)2F3-based batteries. This work may guide the electrolyte design principles and is highly enlightening in developing high energy density sodium-based batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinglei Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Normal University, No. 102 Xinyi Road, Wulumuqi 830054, China
| | - Bingsheng Qin
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Science, No. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Xiaofan Du
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Science, No. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Gaojie Xu
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Science, No. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Dingming Wang
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Science, No. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Science, No. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Science, No. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Jingwen Zhao
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Science, No. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Zhi Su
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Normal University, No. 102 Xinyi Road, Wulumuqi 830054, China
- College of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Institute of Technology, No. 1 Xuefuxi Road, Akesu 843100, China
| | - Guanglei Cui
- Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Science, No. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, China
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21
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Zhang Q, Liu X, Li H, Guo Z, Bian T, Zhu X, Zhan N, Zhao Y. A Multifunctional Silicon-Doped Polyether Network for Double Stable Interfaces in Quasi-Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2106395. [PMID: 35038364 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202106395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Polymer-based quasi-solid-state electrolyte (QSE) is an effective means to solve the safety problem of lithium (Li) metal batteries, and stable solid-electrolyte-interface (SEI) layers between electrolyte and anode/cathode are highly required for their long-term stability. Herein, it is demonstrated that a silicon-doped polyether functions as a multifunctional unit, which can induce the formation of stable and robust SEI layers with rich Lix SiOy on both the surfaces of cathode and anode. It simultaneously solves the compatibility of electrolyte and electrodes in the quasi-solid-state Li-metal battery. Moreover, the robust polymer skeleton with a cross-linked network is beneficial to inhibit liquid volatilization and improve battery safety. The assembled Li|QSE|LiFePO4 batteries show a capacity retention rate as high as 97.5% after 400 cycles at 1 C (30 °C), and reach 78.1% after 1000 cycles. Furthermore, there is almost no attenuation of reversible capacity after 100 cycles for the assembled Li|QSE|LiNi0.8 Mn0.1 Co0.1 O2 batteries. The concept of silicon-doped polymer with a crosslinking structure provides an important strategy for designing solid-state or quasi-solid-state polymer electrolytes for the stable long-term operation of both anode and cathode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Hao Li
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Zhijie Guo
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Tengfei Bian
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Xuebing Zhu
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Niannian Zhan
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
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22
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Shadike Z, Tan S, Lin R, Cao X, Hu E, Yang XQ. Engineering and characterization of interphases for lithium metal anodes. Chem Sci 2022; 13:1547-1568. [PMID: 35282617 PMCID: PMC8826631 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06181j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Lithium metal is a very promising anode material for achieving high energy density for next generation battery systems due to its low redox potential and high theoretical specific capacity of 3860 mA h g-1. However, dendrite formation and low coulombic efficiency during cycling greatly hindered its practical applications. The formation of a stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on the lithium metal anode (LMA) holds the key to resolving these problems. A lot of techniques such as electrolyte modification, electrolyte additive introduction, and artificial SEI layer coating have been developed to form a stable SEI with capability to facilitate fast Li+ transportation and to suppress Li dendrite formation and undesired side reactions. It is well accepted that the chemical and physical properties of the SEI on the LMA are closely related to the kinetics of Li+ transport across the electrolyte-electrode interface and Li deposition behavior, which in turn affect the overall performance of the cell. Unfortunately, the chemical and structural complexity of the SEI makes it the least understood component of the battery cell. Recently various advanced in situ and ex situ characterization techniques have been developed to study the SEI and the results are quite interesting. Therefore, an overview about these new findings and development of SEI engineering and characterization is quite valuable to the battery research community. In this perspective, different strategies of SEI engineering are summarized, including electrolyte modification, electrolyte additive application, and artificial SEI construction. In addition, various advanced characterization techniques for investigating the SEI formation mechanism are discussed, including in situ visualization of the lithium deposition behavior, the quantification of inactive lithium, and using X-rays, neutrons and electrons as probing beams for both imaging and spectroscopy techniques with typical examples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sha Tan
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY USA
| | - Ruoqian Lin
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY USA
| | - Xia Cao
- Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA USA
| | - Enyuan Hu
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY USA
| | - Xiao-Qing Yang
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY USA
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23
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Zhang H, Ju S, Xia G, Yu X. Identifying the positive role of lithium hydride in stabilizing Li metal anodes. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabl8245. [PMID: 35061530 PMCID: PMC8782449 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abl8245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Lithium hydride has been widely identified as the major component of the solid-electrolyte interphase of Li metal batteries (LMBs), but is often regarded as being detrimental to the stabilization of LMBs. Here, we identify the positive and important role of LiH in promoting fast diffusion of Li ions by building a unique three-dimensional (3D) Li metal anode composed of LiMg alloys uniformly confined into graphene-supported LiH nanoparticles. The built-in electric field at the interface between LiH with high Li ion conductivity and LiMg alloys effectively boosts Li diffusion kinetics toward favorable Li plating into lithiophilic LiMg alloys through the surface of LiH. Therefore, the diffusion coefficient of Li ions of the thus-formed 3D structured Li metal anode is 10 times higher than the identical anode without the presence of LiH, and it exhibits a long cycle life of over 1200 hours at 3 mA cm-2 under 5 mA hour cm-2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xuebin Yu
- Corresponding author. (G.X.); (X.Y.)
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24
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Kobayashi S, Arguelles EF, Shirasawa T, Kasamatsu S, Shimizu K, Nishio K, Watanabe Y, Kubota Y, Shimizu R, Watanabe S, Hitosugi T. Drastic Reduction of the Solid Electrolyte-Electrode Interface Resistance via Annealing in Battery Form. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:2703-2710. [PMID: 34991318 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c17945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The origin of electrical resistance at the interface between the positive electrode and solid electrolyte of an all-solid-state Li battery has not been fully determined. It is well known that the interface resistance increases when the electrode surface is exposed to air. However, an effective method of reducing this resistance has not been developed. This report demonstrates that drastic reduction of the resistance is achievable by annealing the entire battery cell. Exposing the LiCoO2 positive electrode surface to H2O vapor increases the resistance by more than 10 times (to greater than 136 Ω cm2). The magnitude can be reduced to the initial value (10.3 Ω cm2) by annealing the sample in a battery form. First-principles calculations reveal that the protons incorporated into the LiCoO2 structure are spontaneously deintercalated during annealing to restore the low-resistance interface. These results provide fundamental insights into the fabrication of high-performance all-solid-state Li batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeru Kobayashi
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Elvis F Arguelles
- Department of Materials Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Tetsuroh Shirasawa
- National Metrology Institute of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | | | - Koji Shimizu
- Department of Materials Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kazunori Nishio
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Yuki Watanabe
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kubota
- Tokyo Electron Technology Solutions Limited, 650 Mitsuzawa, Hosaka-cho, Nirasaki, Yamanashi 407-0192, Japan
| | - Ryota Shimizu
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Satoshi Watanabe
- Department of Materials Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Taro Hitosugi
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
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25
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Shi K, Chen L, Wan Z, Biao J, Zhong G, Li X, Yang L, Ma J, Lv W, Ren F, wang H, Yang Y, Kang F, He YB. Lithium-ion spontaneous exchange and synergistic transport in ceramic-liquid hybrid electrolytes for highly efficient lithium-ion transfer. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2022; 67:946-954. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2022.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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26
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Zhu H, Russell JA, Fang Z, Barnes P, Li L, Efaw C, Muenzer A, May J, Hamal K, Cheng IF, Davis PH, Dufek E, Xiong H. A Comparison of Solid Electrolyte Interphase Formation and Evolution on Highly Oriented Pyrolytic and Disordered Graphite Negative Electrodes in Lithium-Ion Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2105292. [PMID: 34716757 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202105292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The presence and stability of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on graphitic electrodes is vital to the performance of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, the formation and evolution of SEI remain the least understood area in LIBs due to its dynamic nature, complexity in chemical composition, heterogeneity in morphology, as well as lack of reliable in situ/operando techniques for accurate characterization. In addition, chemical composition and morphology of SEI are not only affected by the choice of electrolyte, but also by the nature of the electrode surface. While introduction of defects into graphitic electrodes has promoted their electrochemical properties, how such structural defects influence SEI formation and evolution remains an open question. Here, utilizing nondestructive operando electrochemical atomic force microscopy (EChem-AFM) the dynamic SEI formation and evolution on a pair of representative graphitic materials with and without defects, namely, highly oriented pyrolytic and disordered graphite electrodes, are systematically monitored and compared. Complementary to the characterization of SEI topographical and mechanical changes during electrochemical cycling by EChem-AFM, chemical analysis and theoretical calculations are conducted to provide mechanistic insights underlying SEI formation and evolution. The results provide guidance to engineer functional SEIs through design of carbon materials with defects for LIBs and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Zhu
- Micron School of Materials Science and Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA
| | - Joshua A Russell
- Micron School of Materials Science and Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA
| | - Zongtang Fang
- Biological and Chemical Science and Engineering Department, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID 83415, USA
| | - Pete Barnes
- Micron School of Materials Science and Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA
| | - Lan Li
- Micron School of Materials Science and Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA
- Center for Advanced Energy Studies, Idaho Falls, ID 83401, USA
| | - CoreyM Efaw
- Micron School of Materials Science and Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA
- Energy Storage and Advanced Transportation Department, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID 83415, USA
| | - Allison Muenzer
- Micron School of Materials Science and Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA
| | - Jeremy May
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843, USA
| | - Kailash Hamal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843, USA
| | - I Francis Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843, USA
| | - Paul H Davis
- Micron School of Materials Science and Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA
| | - EricJ Dufek
- Energy Storage and Advanced Transportation Department, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID 83415, USA
| | - Hui Xiong
- Micron School of Materials Science and Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA
- Center for Advanced Energy Studies, Idaho Falls, ID 83401, USA
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27
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Xiang Y, Tao M, Zhong G, Liang Z, Zheng G, Huang X, Liu X, Jin Y, Xu N, Armand M, Zhang JG, Xu K, Fu R, Yang Y. Quantitatively analyzing the failure processes of rechargeable Li metal batteries. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabj3423. [PMID: 34757793 PMCID: PMC8580315 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj3423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Practical use of lithium (Li) metal for high–energy density lithium metal batteries has been prevented by the continuous formation of Li dendrites, electrochemically isolated Li metal, and the irreversible formation of solid electrolyte interphases (SEIs). Differentiating and quantifying these inactive Li species are key to understand the failure mode. Here, using operando nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy together with ex situ titration gas chromatography (TGC) and mass spectrometry titration (MST) techniques, we established a solid foundation for quantifying the evolution of dead Li metal and SEI separately. The existence of LiH is identified, which causes deviation in the quantification results of dead Li metal obtained by these three techniques. The formation of inactive Li under various operating conditions has been studied quantitatively, which revealed a general “two-stage” failure process for the Li metal. The combined techniques presented here establish a benchmark to unravel the complex failure mechanism of Li metal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Xiang
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Mingming Tao
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Guiming Zhong
- Laboratory of Advanced Spectro-electrochemistry and Li-ion Batteries, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Ziteng Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Guorui Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xiao Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xiangsi Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yanting Jin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Ningbo Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Michel Armand
- Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Álava Technology Park, Albert Einstein 48, 01510 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Ji-Guang Zhang
- Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Kang Xu
- Battery Science Branch, Energy and Biotechnology Division, Sensor and Electron Devices Directorate, US Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD 20783, USA
| | - Riqiang Fu
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
| | - Yong Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Corresponding author.
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28
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FEC Additive for Improved SEI Film and Electrochemical Performance of the Lithium Primary Battery. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14227467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) film plays a significant role in the capacity and storage performance of lithium primary batteries. The electrolyte additives are essential in controlling the morphology, composition and structure of the SEI film. Herein, fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) is chosen as the additive, its effects on the lithium primary battery performance are investigated, and the relevant formation mechanism of SEI film is analyzed. By comparing the electrochemical performance of the Li/AlF3 primary batteries and the microstructure of the Li anode surface under different conditions, the evolution model of the SEI film is established. The FEC additive can decrease the electrolyte decomposition and protect the lithium metal anode effectively. When an optimal 5% FEC is added, the discharge specific capacity of the Li/AlF3 primary battery is 212.8 mAh g−1, and the discharge specific capacities are respectively 205.7 and 122.3 mAh g−1 after storage for 7 days at room temperature and 55 °C. Compared to primary electrolytes, the charge transfer resistance of the Li/AlF3 batteries with FEC additive decreases, indicating that FEC is a promising electrolyte additive to effectively improve the SEI film, increase discharge-specific capacities and promote charge transfer of the lithium primary batteries.
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29
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Jin CB, Zhang XQ, Sheng OW, Sun SY, Hou LP, Shi P, Li BQ, Huang JQ, Tao XY, Zhang Q. Reclaiming Inactive Lithium with a Triiodide/Iodide Redox Couple for Practical Lithium Metal Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:22990-22995. [PMID: 34414652 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202110589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
High-energy-density lithium (Li) metal batteries suffer from a short lifespan owing to apparently ceaseless inactive Li accumulation, which is accompanied by the consumption of electrolyte and active Li reservoir, seriously deteriorating the cyclability of batteries. Herein, a triiodide/iodide (I3 - /I- ) redox couple initiated by stannic iodide (SnI4 ) is demonstrated to reclaim inactive Li. The reduction of I3 - converts inactive Li into soluble LiI, which then diffuses to the cathode side. The oxidation of LiI by the delithiated cathode transforms cathode into the lithiation state and regenerates I3 - , reclaiming Li ion from inactive Li. The regenerated I3 - engages the further redox reactions. Furthermore, the formation of Sn mitigates the corrosion of I3 - on active Li reservoir sacrificially. In working Li | LiNi0.5 Co0.2 Mn0.3 O2 batteries, the accumulated inactive Li is significantly reclaimed by the reversible I3 - /I- redox couple, improving the lifespan of batteries by twice. This work initiates a creative solution to reclaim inactive Li for prolonging the lifespan of practical Li metal batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Bin Jin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Institution, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xue-Qiang Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China.,Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China.,Shanxi Research Institute for Clean Energy, Tsinghua University, Taiyuan, 030032, Shanxi, P. R. China
| | - Ou-Wei Sheng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Yu Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Institution, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Li-Peng Hou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Institution, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Peng Shi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Institution, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Bo-Quan Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China.,Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Qi Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China.,Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Yong Tao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Institution, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
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30
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Jin C, Zhang X, Sheng O, Sun S, Hou L, Shi P, Li B, Huang J, Tao X, Zhang Q. Reclaiming Inactive Lithium with a Triiodide/Iodide Redox Couple for Practical Lithium Metal Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202110589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng‐Bin Jin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Institution Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Xue‐Qiang Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100084 P. R. China
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100084 P. R. China
- Shanxi Research Institute for Clean Energy Tsinghua University Taiyuan 030032 Shanxi P. R. China
| | - Ou‐Wei Sheng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 P. R. China
| | - Shu‐Yu Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Institution Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Li‐Peng Hou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Institution Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Peng Shi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Institution Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Bo‐Quan Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100084 P. R. China
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Jia‐Qi Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100084 P. R. China
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Xin‐Yong Tao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 P. R. China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Institution Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
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31
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Wang Q, Liu B, Shen Y, Wu J, Zhao Z, Zhong C, Hu W. Confronting the Challenges in Lithium Anodes for Lithium Metal Batteries. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2101111. [PMID: 34196478 PMCID: PMC8425877 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202101111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
With the low redox potential of -3.04 V (vs SHE) and ultrahigh theoretical capacity of 3862 mAh g-1 , lithium metal has been considered as promising anode material. However, lithium metal battery has ever suffered a trough in the past few decades due to its safety issues. Over the years, the limited energy density of the lithium-ion battery cannot meet the growing demands of the advanced energy storage devices. Therefore, lithium metal anodes receive renewed attention, which have the potential to achieve high-energy batteries. In this review, the history of the lithium anode is reviewed first. Then the failure mechanism of the lithium anode is analyzed, including dendrite, dead lithium, corrosion, and volume expansion of the lithium anode. Further, the strategies to alleviate the lithium anode issues in recent years are discussed emphatically. Eventually, remaining challenges of these strategies and possible research directions of lithium-anode modification are presented to inspire innovation of lithium anode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education)Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
| | - Bin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education)Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
| | - Yuanhao Shen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education)Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
| | - Jingkun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education)Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
| | - Zequan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education)Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
| | - Cheng Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education)Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin UniversityInternational Campus of Tianjin UniversityBinhai New CityFuzhou119077China
| | - Wenbin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education)Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin UniversityInternational Campus of Tianjin UniversityBinhai New CityFuzhou119077China
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32
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Zhao Y, Wu Y, Liu H, Chen SL, Bo SH. Accelerated Growth of Electrically Isolated Lithium Metal during Battery Cycling. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:35750-35758. [PMID: 34286958 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c08944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Severe capacity loss during cycling of lithium-metal batteries is one of the most concerning obstacles hindering their practical application. As this capacity loss is related to the variety of side reactions occurring to lithium metal, identification and quantification of these lithium-loss processes are extremely important. In this work, we systematically distinguish and quantify the different rates of lithium loss associated with galvanic corrosion, the formation of a solid-electrolyte interphase, and the formation of electrically isolated lithium metal (i.e., "dead" lithium). We show that the formation of "dead" Li is accelerated upon cycling, dominating the total lithium loss, with much slower rates of lithium loss associated with galvanic corrosion and formation of the solid-electrolyte interphase. Furthermore, photoacoustic imaging reveals that the three-dimensional spatial distribution of "dead" Li is distinctly different from that of freshly deposited lithium. This quantification is further extended to a solid-state Li/Cu cell based on a Li10GeP2S12 solid-state electrolyte. The lithium loss in the solid-state cell is much severer than that of a conventional lithium-metal battery based on a liquid electrolyte. Our work highlights the importance of quantitative studies on conventional and solid-state lithium-metal batteries and provides a strong basis for the optimization of lithium-metal electrochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Zhao
- University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yifan Wu
- University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Huihui Liu
- University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Sung-Liang Chen
- University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Shou-Hang Bo
- University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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