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Sun P, Gou H, Che X, Chen G, Feng C. Recent advances in DNAzymes for bioimaging, biosensing and cancer therapy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024. [PMID: 39248025 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc03774j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
DNAzymes, a class of single-stranded catalytic DNA with good stability, high catalytic activity, and easy synthesis, functionalization and modification properties, have garnered significant interest in the realm of biosensing and bioimaging. Their integration with fluorescent dyes or chemiluminescent moieties has led to remarkable bioimaging outcomes, while DNAzyme-based biosensors have demonstrated robust sensitivity and selectivity in detecting metal ions, nucleic acids, proteins, enzyme activities, exosomes, bacteria and microorganisms. In addition, by delivering DNAzymes into tumor cells, the mRNA therein can be cleaved to regulate the expression of corresponding proteins, which has further propelled the application of DNAzymes in cancer gene therapy and synergistic therapy. This paper reviews the strategies for screening attractive DNAzymes such as SELEX and high-throughput sequencing, and briefly describes the amplification strategies of DNAzymes, which mainly include catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA), DNA walker, hybridization chain reaction (HCR), DNA origami, CRISPR-Cas12a, rolling circle amplification (RCA), and aptamers. In addition, applications of DNAzymes in bioimaging, biosensing, and cancer therapy are also highlighted. Subsequently, the possible challenges of these DNAzymes in practical applications are further pointed out, and future research directions are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Sun
- Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, Joint International Research Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Organ Repair (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Hongquan Gou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, P. R. China
| | - Xinran Che
- Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, Joint International Research Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Organ Repair (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Guifang Chen
- Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, Joint International Research Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Organ Repair (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Chang Feng
- Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, Joint International Research Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Organ Repair (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China.
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2
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Zhang X, Yang R, Zhang Z, Xu L, Li P, Gao W, Zong C. Ultrasensitive Imaging Assay of Multiple Mycotoxins Using Cobalt DNA-Inorganic Hybrid Superstructure with High Chemiluminescence Catalytic Property. Anal Chem 2024. [PMID: 39240680 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c02934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
A multiplex assay of mycotoxins in food and medicine is urgently needed and challenging due to synergistic hazards of trace mycotoxins and a lack of sensitive and user-friendly detection approaches. Herein, a cobalt DNA-inorganic hybrid superstructure (Co@DS) was developed through isothermal rolling circle amplification (RCA) for an ultrasensitive chemiluminescence (CL) imaging assay of multiple mycotoxins. Cobalt ions were enriched in the RCA product, endowing the Co@DS with a high CL catalytic property. Experimental studies elucidated the formation and CL catalytic mechanism of Co@DS. Co@DS was facilely integrated with biotinylated DNA to function as a universal platform and combined with a disposable immunosensor array chip. After a competitive immunoassay and biotin-avidin recognition, the CL signals of luminol and hydrogen peroxide, catalyzed by Co@DS captured on each testing zone of the array chip, were imaged simultaneously. Target mycotoxins can be quantitated by CL intensities. To validate the concept, the CL imaging approach was employed for joint determination of aflatoxin B1, ochratoxins A, and zearalenone. Under optimal conditions, it showed advantages including simple sample pretreatment, acceptable throughput, high accuracy, minimal sample consumption, broad linear ranges, and detection limits as low as 0.75, 0.62, and 0.61 pg mL-1, respectively. Furthermore, the approach was applied in analyzing real coix seed samples, showcasing excellent performance in effectively distinguishing qualified and contaminated medicine, revealing the great potential in managing the complex issue of mycotoxins cocontamination in food and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Ruyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Zuhao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Ling Xu
- NMPA Key Laboratory of Quality Control of Chinese Medicine (HuBei), Wuhan 430075, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Wen Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Chen Zong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
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3
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Song N, Li H, Yao C, Yang D. Dynamic Chemistry of DNA-Based Nanoassemblies in Living Cells. Acc Chem Res 2024. [PMID: 39213541 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.4c00301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
ConspectusIn recent years, the controlled assembly/disassembly of exogenous chemical components inside cells has become an emerging approach to regulating cell functions. However, the construction of dynamic material chemistry systems in living cells always remains highly challenging due to the complicated intracellular microenvironment. Nucleic acid is a category of biological components that can achieve efficient molecular assembly via specific base-pairing and perform biological functions in the intracellular microenvironment. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecules exhibit the superior performance of intracellular assembly, including sequence programmability, molecule recognition ability, and nanostructure predictability, as well as the unique biological functions that traditional synthetic polymers do not carry, showing great superiority in the construction of dynamic material chemistry systems. Moreover, the technologies of DNA synthesis are relatively mature, and the conjugation of DNA with functional small molecules can be achieved through established chemical synthesis methods, facilitating the construction of DNA-based dynamic materials with more functions. In addition, a few specific DNA molecules have been proven to show responsiveness toward different stimuli, functioning as dynamic modules.In this Account, we summarize our recent work in dynamic chemistry of DNA-based nanoassemblies in living cells from the perspective of stimulus types including enzyme, H+, glutathione (GSH), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and light. Upon the specific stimuli, DNA-based nanoassemblies undergo precise assembly in living cells, executing disassembly or aggregation, which consequently affects the functions and behaviors of living cells. In the first part, we describe the interactions between DNA-based nanoassemblies and intracellular enzymes, namely the enzymatic cleavage of intracellular enzymes on the DNA or RNA sequences. In the second part, we summarize the effects of H+ in lysosomes on DNA-based nanoassemblies, including the formation of a tetraplex i-motif structure and the decomposition of acid-degradable polymeric coating. In the third part, we discuss the mechanism of GSH responsiveness of DNA-based nanoassemblies, including the breaking of disulfide bonds and reduction-responsive nanoparticles. In the fourth part, we describe the ATP-mediated conformational transition for the specific release of functional RNA sequences. In the fifth part, we demonstrate the light-mediated spatiotemporally dynamic chemistry of DNA-based nanoassemblies. In summary, based on the achievements of our group in the study of dynamic chemistry of DNA-based nanoassemblies, the assembly, disassembly, and reassembly in living cells are well-controlled, the regulation of cellular functions are explored, and the new strategies for cancer therapeutics are demonstrated. We envision that our work on the dynamic chemistry of DNA-based nanoassembly is a new paradigm for constructing dynamic material chemistry systems inside living cells, and will facilitate the development of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nachuan Song
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P.R. China
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P.R. China
| | - Hongjin Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P.R. China
| | - Chi Yao
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P.R. China
| | - Dayong Yang
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P.R. China
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P.R. China
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Ma Y, Liao J, Cheng H, Yang Q, Yang H. Advanced gene therapy system for the treatment of solid tumour: A review. Mater Today Bio 2024; 27:101138. [PMID: 39027677 PMCID: PMC11255123 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
In contrast to conventional therapies that require repeated dosing, gene therapy can treat diseases by correcting defective genes after a single transfection and achieving cascade amplification, and has been widely studied in clinical settings. However, nucleic acid drugs are prone to catabolism and inactivation. A variety of nucleic acid drug vectors have been developed to protect the target gene against nuclease degradation and increase the transformation efficiency and safety of gene therapy. In addition, gene therapy is often combined with chemotherapy, phototherapy, magnetic therapy, ultrasound, and other therapeutic modalities to improve the therapeutic effect. This review systematically introduces ribonucleic acid (RNA) interference technology, antisense oligonucleotides, and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat/CRISPR-associated nuclease 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) genome editing. It also introduces the commonly used nucleic acid drug vectors, including viral vectors (adenovirus, retrovirus, etc.), organic vectors (lipids, polymers, etc.), and inorganic vectors (MOFs, carbon nanotubes, mesoporous silica, etc.). Then, we describe the combined gene therapy modalities and the pathways of action and report the recent applications in solid tumors of the combined gene therapy. Finally, the challenges of gene therapy in solid tumor treatment are introduced, and the prospect of application in this field is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Ma
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Laboratory of Advanced Mineral Materials, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Juan Liao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Mineral Materials and Application, School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Hongxia Cheng
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Laboratory of Advanced Mineral Materials, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Centre for Immune-oncology, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Huaming Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Laboratory of Advanced Mineral Materials, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Mineral Materials and Application, School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
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Xuan J, Wang Z, Huang Y, Liu Y, Han Y, Li M, Xiao M. DNA response element-based smart drug delivery systems for precise drug release. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:3550-3564. [PMID: 38832670 DOI: 10.1039/d4bm00138a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Smart drug delivery systems (DDSs) that respond to, interact with, or are actuated by biological signals or pathological abnormalities (e.g., the tumor microenvironment) for controllable drug release are appealing therapeutic platforms for cancer treatment. Owing to their inherent self-assembled nature, nucleic acids have emerged as programmable materials for the development of multifunctional structures. In response to external environmental stimuli, DNA response elements can serve as switches to trigger conformational changes in DNA structures. Their stimulus-responsive properties make them promising candidates for constructing smart DDSs, and advancements in DNA response element-based DDSs in the field of biomedicine have been made. This review summarizes different types of DNA response elements, including DNA aptamers, DNAzymes, disulfide bond-modified DNA, pH-responsive DNA motifs, and photocleavable DNA building blocks, and highlights the advancements in DNA response element-based smart DDSs for precise drug release. Finally, future challenges and perspectives in this field are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinnan Xuan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei Normal University, 11 Cihu Road, Huangshi 435002, P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China.
| | - Zhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, P. R. China
| | - Yuting Huang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 64 Chaohu North Road, Chaohu 238000, P. R. China
| | - Yisi Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei Normal University, 11 Cihu Road, Huangshi 435002, P. R. China
| | - Yuqiang Han
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei Normal University, 11 Cihu Road, Huangshi 435002, P. R. China
| | - Man Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, P. R. China
| | - Mingshu Xiao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China.
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Cao L, Yang X, Li Y, Yang Y, Liu Q, Bottini M, Jin Y, Wang B, Zhang J, Liang XJ. Near-Infrared Light-Activatable DNA Tentacles for Efficient Inhibition of Tumor Metastasis by Bio-Orthogonal Cell Assembly. ACS NANO 2024; 18:18046-18057. [PMID: 38937261 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c05216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Tumor metastasis remains a major challenge in cancer management. Among various treatment strategies, immune cell-based cancer therapy holds a great potential for inhibiting metastasis. However, its wide application in cancer therapy is restricted by complex preparations, as well as inadequate homing and controllability. Herein, we present a groundbreaking approach for bioorthogonally manipulating tumor-NK (natural killer) cell assembly to inhibit tumor metastasis. Multiple dibenzocyclootyne (DBCO) groups decorated long single-stranded DNA were tail-modified on core-shell upconversion nanoparticles (CSUCNPs) and condensed by photosensitive chemical linker (PC-Linker) DNA to shield most of the DBCO groups. On the one hand, the light-triggered DNA scaffolds formed a cross-linked network by click chemistry, effectively impeding tumor cell migration. On the other hand, the efficient cellular assembly facilitated the effective communication between tumor cells and NK-92 cells, leading to enhanced immune response against tumors and further suppression of tumor metastasis. These features make our strategy highly applicable to a wide range of metastatic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingzhi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, PR China
| | - Xinjian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, PR China
| | - Yimei Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, PR China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, PR China
| | - Qiulin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, PR China
| | - Massimo Bottini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy
- Sanford Burnham Prebys, La Jolla,California 92037, United States
| | - Yi Jin
- College of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis Mechanism and Control of Inflammatory-autoimmune Diseases of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, PR China
| | - Bei Wang
- College of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis Mechanism and Control of Inflammatory-autoimmune Diseases of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, PR China
| | - Jinchao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, PR China
| | - Xing-Jie Liang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence in Nanoscience and CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, PR China
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Cuoghi S, Caraffi R, Anderlini A, Baraldi C, Enzo E, Vandelli MA, Tosi G, Ruozi B, Duskey JT, Ottonelli I. Challenges of enzyme therapy: Why two players are better than one. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 16:e1979. [PMID: 38955512 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Enzyme-based therapy has garnered significant attention for its current applications in various diseases. Despite the notable advantages associated with the use of enzymes as therapeutic agents, that could have high selectivity, affinity, and specificity for the target, their application faces challenges linked to physico-chemical and pharmacological properties. These limitations can be addressed through the encapsulation of enzymes in nanoplatforms as a comprehensive solution to mitigate their degradation, loss of activity, off-target accumulation, and immunogenicity, thus enhancing bioavailability, therapeutic efficacy, and circulation time, thereby reducing the number of administrations, and ameliorating patient compliance. The exploration of novel nanomedicine-based enzyme therapeutics for the treatment of challenging diseases stands as a paramount goal in the contemporary scientific landscape, but even then it is often not enough. Combining an enzyme with another therapeutic (e.g., a small molecule, another enzyme or protein, a monoclonal antibody, or a nucleic acid) within a single nanocarrier provides innovative multidrug-integrated therapy and ensures that both the actives arrive at the target site and exert their therapeutic effect, leading to synergistic action and superior therapeutic efficacy. Moreover, this strategic approach could be extended to gene therapy, a field that nowadays has gained increasing attention, as enzymes acting at genomic level and nucleic acids may be combined for synergistic therapy. This multicomponent therapeutic approach opens opportunities for promising future developments. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Neurological Disease Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Cuoghi
- Nanotech Lab, Te.Far.T.I., Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Riccardo Caraffi
- Nanotech Lab, Te.Far.T.I., Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Anderlini
- Nanotech Lab, Te.Far.T.I., Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Cecilia Baraldi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Elena Enzo
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Maria Angela Vandelli
- Nanotech Lab, Te.Far.T.I., Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tosi
- Nanotech Lab, Te.Far.T.I., Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Barbara Ruozi
- Nanotech Lab, Te.Far.T.I., Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Jason Thomas Duskey
- Nanotech Lab, Te.Far.T.I., Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Ilaria Ottonelli
- Nanotech Lab, Te.Far.T.I., Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Li C, Wang M, Li PF, Sheng J, Fu Q. Construction of Smart DNA-Based Drug Delivery Systems for Cancer Therapy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2306257. [PMID: 38377302 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202306257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Due to the disadvantages of poor targeting, slow action, and low effectiveness of current commonly used cancer treatments, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, researchers have turned to DNA as a biomaterial for constructing drug delivery nanocarriers. DNA is favored for its biocompatibility and programmability. In order to overcome the limitations associated with traditional drug delivery systems (DDSs), researchers have developed smart-responsive DNA DDSs that can control drug release in response to specific physical or chemical stimuli at targeted sites. In this review, a summary of multiple targeted ligand structures is provided, various shapes of stable DNA nanomaterials, and different stimuli-responsive drug release strategies in DNA DDSs. Specifically, targeted cell recognition, in vivo stable transport, and controlled drug release of smart DDSs are focused. Finally, the further development prospects and challenges of clinical application of DNA nanomaterials in the field of smart drug delivery are discussed. The objective of this review is to enhance researchers' comprehension regarding the potential application of DNA nanomaterials in precision drug delivery, with the aim of expediting the clinical implementation of intelligent DDSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Mengzhen Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Pei-Feng Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Junyue Sheng
- Qingdao No.58 High School of Shandong Province, 20 Jiushui Road, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Qinrui Fu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
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Liang S, Ma N, Li X, Yun K, Meng QF, Ma K, Yue L, Rao L, Chen X, Wang Z. A Guanidinobenzol-Rich Polymer Overcoming Cascade Delivery Barriers for CRISPR-Cas9 Genome Editing. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:6872-6880. [PMID: 38683656 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The efficient cytosolic delivery of the CRISPR-Cas9 machinery remains a challenge for genome editing. Herein, we performed ligand screening and identified a guanidinobenzol-rich polymer to overcome the cascade delivery barriers of CRISPR-Cas9 ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) for genome editing. RNPs were stably loaded into the polymeric nanoparticles (PGBA NPs) by their inherent affinity. The polymer facilitated rapid endosomal escape of RNPs via a dynamic multiple-step cascade process. Importantly, the incorporation of fluorescence in the polymer helps to identify the correlation between cellular uptake and editing efficiency, increasing the efficiency up to 70% from the initial 30% for the enrichment of edited cells. The PGBA NPs efficiently deliver RNPs for in vivo gene editing via both local and systemic injections and dramatically reduce PCSK9 level. These results indicate that PGBA NPs enable the cascade delivery of RNPs for genome editing, showing great promise in broadening the therapeutic potential of the CRISPR-Cas9 technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ning Ma
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xingang Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Kaiqing Yun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Qian-Fang Meng
- Institute of Biomedical Health Technology and Engineering, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
| | - Kongshuo Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ludan Yue
- Institute of Biomedical Health Technology and Engineering, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Lang Rao
- Institute of Biomedical Health Technology and Engineering, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, NUS Center for Nanomedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138673, Singapore
- Theranostics Center of Excellence (TCE), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1 Biopolis Way, Helios 138667, Singapore
| | - Zhaohui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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Yang S, Im SH, Chung JY, Lee J, Lee KH, Kang YK, Chung HJ. An Antibody-CRISPR/Cas Conjugate Platform for Target-Specific Delivery and Gene Editing in Cancer. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2308763. [PMID: 38552157 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
The CRISPR/Cas system has been introduced as an innovative tool for therapy, however achieving specific delivery to the target has been a major challenge. Here, an antibody-CRISPR/Cas conjugate platform that enables specific delivery and target gene editing in HER2-positive cancer is introduced. The CRISPR/Cas system by replacing specific residues of Cas9 with an unnatural amino acid is engineered, that can be complexed with a nanocarrier and bioorthogonally functionalized with a monoclonal antibody targeting HER2. The resultant antibody-conjugated CRISPR/Cas nanocomplexes can be specifically delivered and induce gene editing in HER2-positive cancer cells in vitro. It is demonstrated that the in vivo delivery of the antibody-CRISPR/Cas nanocomplexes can effectively disrupt the plk1 gene in HER2-positive ovarian cancer, resulting in substantial suppression of tumor growth. The current study presents a useful therapeutic platform for antibody-mediated delivery of CRISPR/Cas for the treatment of various cancers and genetic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungju Yang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - San Hae Im
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Yeon Chung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhee Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Kyung Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Chung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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11
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Wong KY, Nie Z, Wong MS, Wang Y, Liu J. Metal-Drug Coordination Nanoparticles and Hydrogels for Enhanced Delivery. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2404053. [PMID: 38602715 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202404053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Drug delivery is a key component of nanomedicine, and conventional delivery relies on the adsorption or encapsulation of drug molecules to a nanomaterial. Many delivery vehicles contain metal ions, such as metal-organic frameworks, metal oxides, transition metal dichalcogenides, MXene, and noble metal nanoparticles. These materials have a high metal content and pose potential long-term toxicity concerns leading to difficulties for clinical approval. In this review, recent developments are summarized in the use of drug molecules as ligands for metal coordination forming various nanomaterials and soft materials. In these cases, the drug-to-metal ratio is much higher than conventional adsorption-based strategies. The drug molecules are divided into small-molecule drugs, nucleic acids, and proteins. The formed hybrid materials mainly include nanoparticles and hydrogels, upon which targeting ligands can be grafted to improve efficacy and further decrease toxicity. The application of these materials for addressing cancer, viral infection, bacterial infection inflammatory bowel disease, and bone diseases is reviewed. In the end, some future directions are discussed from fundamental research, materials science, and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka-Ying Wong
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
- Centre for Eye and Vision Research (CEVR), 17W, Hong Kong Science Park, Pak Shek Kok, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Zhenyu Nie
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha , 410008, P. R. China
| | - Man-Sau Wong
- Centre for Eye and Vision Research (CEVR), 17W, Hong Kong Science Park, Pak Shek Kok, 999077, Hong Kong
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
- Research Center for Chinese Medicine Innovation, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Yang Wang
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha , 410008, P. R. China
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, P. R. China
| | - Juewen Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
- Centre for Eye and Vision Research (CEVR), 17W, Hong Kong Science Park, Pak Shek Kok, 999077, Hong Kong
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12
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Tang X, Chen Y, Wang B, Luo D, Wang J, He Y, Feng L, Xu Y, Xie S, Chen M, Chang K. Autonomous Feedback-Driven Engineered DNAzyme-Coated Trojan Horse-like Nanocapsules for On-Demand CRISPR/Cas9 Delivery. ACS NANO 2024; 18:13950-13965. [PMID: 38751197 PMCID: PMC11140835 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c04147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Manipulating the expression of cellular genes through efficient CRISPR/Cas9 delivery is rapidly evolving into a desirable tumor therapeutics. The exposure of CRISPR/Cas9 to a complex external environment poses challenges for conventional delivery carriers in achieving responsive and accurate release. Here, we report a Trojan horse-like nanocapsule for the on-demand delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 in a microRNA-responsive manner, enabling precise tumor therapy. The nanocapsule comprises a nanoassembled, engineered DNAzyme shell encasing a Cas9/sgRNA complex core. The DNAzyme, functioning as a catalytic unit, undergoes a conformational change in the presence of tumor-associated microRNA, followed by activating a positive feedback-driven autonomous catabolic cycle of the nanocapsule shell. This catabolic cycle is accomplished through chain reactions of DNAzyme "cleavage-hybridization-cleavage", which ensures sensitivity in microRNA recognition and effective release of Cas9/sgRNA. Utilizing this Trojan horse-like nanocapsule, as low as 1.7 pM microRNA-21 can trigger the on-demand release of Cas9/sgRNA, enabling the specific editing of the protumorigenic microRNA coding gene. The resulting upregulation of tumor suppressor genes induces apoptosis in tumor cells, leading to significant inhibition of tumor growth by up to 75.94%. The Trojan horse-like nanocapsule, with superior programmability and biocompatibility, is anticipated to serve as a promising carrier for tailoring responsive gene editing systems, achieving enhanced antitumor specificity and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Tang
- Department
of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yihui Chen
- Department
of General Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army
Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Binpan Wang
- Department
of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Dan Luo
- Department
of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca New York 14853-5701, United States
| | - Jue Wang
- Department
of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yuan He
- Department
of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Liu Feng
- Department
of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Department
of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, School
of Clinical Medicine & The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu
Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Shuang Xie
- Department
of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department
of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba, Chongqing 400038, China
- College
of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine, Third
Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Kai Chang
- Department
of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 30 Gaotanyan, Shapingba, Chongqing 400038, China
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Wu L, Yuan R, Wen T, Qin Y, Wang Y, Luo X, Liu JW. Recent advances in functional nucleic acid decorated nanomaterials for cancer imaging and therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116546. [PMID: 38603885 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanomaterials possess unusual physicochemical properties including unique optical, magnetic, electronic properties, and large surface-to-volume ratio. However, nanomaterials face some challenges when they were applied in the field of biomedicine. For example, some nanomaterials suffer from the limitations such as poor selectivity and biocompatibility, low stability, and solubility. To address the above-mentioned obstacles, functional nucleic acid has been widely served as a powerful and versatile ligand for modifying nanomaterials because of their unique characteristics, such as ease of modification, excellent biocompatibility, high stability, predictable intermolecular interaction and recognition ability. The functionally integrating functional nucleic acid with nanomaterials has produced various kinds of nanocomposites and recent advances in applications of functional nucleic acid decorated nanomaterials for cancer imaging and therapy were summarized in this review. Further, we offer an insight into the future challenges and perspectives of functional nucleic acid decorated nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Biological Molecular Medicine Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Ruitao Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Biological Molecular Medicine Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Tong Wen
- Department of Experimental Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yingfeng Qin
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Biological Molecular Medicine Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yumin Wang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Xiaoling Luo
- Department of Experimental Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.
| | - Jin-Wen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Biological Molecular Medicine Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.
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14
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Li M, Chen F, Yang Q, Tang Q, Xiao Z, Tong X, Zhang Y, Lei L, Li S. Biomaterial-Based CRISPR/Cas9 Delivery Systems for Tumor Treatment. Biomater Res 2024; 28:0023. [PMID: 38694229 PMCID: PMC11062511 DOI: 10.34133/bmr.0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology is characterized by high specificity and efficiency, and has been applied to the treatment of human diseases, especially tumors involving multiple genetic modifications. However, the clinical application of CRISPR/Cas9 still faces some major challenges, the most urgent of which is the development of optimized delivery vectors. Biomaterials are currently the best choice for use in CRISPR/Cas9 delivery vectors owing to their tunability, biocompatibility, and efficiency. As research on biomaterial vectors continues to progress, hope for the application of the CRISPR/Cas9 system for clinical oncology therapy builds. In this review, we first detail the CRISPR/Cas9 system and its potential applications in tumor therapy. Then, we introduce the different delivery forms and compare the physical, viral, and non-viral vectors. In addition, we analyze the characteristics of different types of biomaterial vectors. We further review recent research progress in the use of biomaterials as vectors for CRISPR/Cas9 delivery to treat specific tumors. Finally, we summarize the shortcomings and prospects of biomaterial-based CRISPR/Cas9 delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital,
Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Fenglei Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses,
Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital,
Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Qinglai Tang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital,
Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Zian Xiao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital,
Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Xinying Tong
- Department of Hemodialysis, the Second Xiangya Hospital,
Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital,
Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Lanjie Lei
- Institute of Translational Medicine,
Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shisheng Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital,
Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
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15
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Song N, Fan X, Guo X, Tang J, Li H, Tao R, Li F, Li J, Yang D, Yao C, Liu P. A DNA/Upconversion Nanoparticle Complex Enables Controlled Co-Delivery of CRISPR-Cas9 and Photodynamic Agents for Synergistic Cancer Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2309534. [PMID: 38199243 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202309534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) depends on the light-irradiated exciting of photosensitizer (PS) to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), which faces challenges and limitations in hypoxia and antioxidant response of cancer cells, and limited tissue-penetration of light. Herein, a multifunctional DNA/upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) complex is developed which enables controlled co-delivery of CRISPR-Cas9, hemin, and protoporphyrin (PP) for synergistic PDT. An ultralong single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) is prepared via rolling circle amplification (RCA), which contains recognition sequences of single guide RNA (sgRNA) for loading Cas9 ribonucleoprotein (RNP), G-quadruplex sequences for loading hemin and PP, and linker sequences for combining UCNP. Cas9 RNP cleaves the antioxidant regulator nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), improving the sensitivity of cancer cells to ROS, and enhancing the synergistic PDT effect. The G-quadruplex/hemin DNAzyme mimicks horseradish peroxidase (HRP) to catalyze the endogenous H2O2 to O2, overcoming hypoxia condition in tumors. The introduced UCNP converts NIR irradiation with deep tissue penetration to light with shorter wavelength, exciting PP to transform the abundant O2 to 1O2. The integration of gene editing and PDT allows substantial accumulation of 1O2 in cancer cells for enhanced cell apoptosis, and this synergistic PDT has shown remarkable therapeutic efficacy in a breast cancer mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nachuan Song
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoting Fan
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Xiaocui Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jianpu Tang
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Hongjin Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Ruoyu Tao
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Fengqin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Junru Li
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Dayong Yang
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Chi Yao
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Peifeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
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16
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Li S, Tan W, Jia X, Miao Q, Liu Y, Yang D. Recent advances in the synthesis of single-stranded DNA in vitro. Biotechnol J 2024; 19:e2400026. [PMID: 38622795 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202400026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) is the foundation of modern biology, with wide applications in gene editing, sequencing, DNA information storage, and materials science. However, synthesizing ssDNA with high efficiency, high throughput, and low error rate in vitro remains a major challenge. Various methods have been developed for ssDNA synthesis, and some significant results have been achieved. In this review, six main methods were introduced, including solid-phase oligonucleotide synthesis, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-based ssDNA synthesis, reverse transcription, primer exchange reaction, asymmetric polymerase chain reaction, and rolling circle amplification. The advantages and limitations of each method were compared, as well as illustrate their representative achievements and applications. Especially, rolling circle amplification has received significant attention, including ssDNA synthesis, assembly, and application based on recent work. Finally, the future challenges and opportunities of ssDNA synthesis were summarized and discussed. Envisioning the development of new methods and significant progress will be made in the near future with the efforts of scientists around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P.R. China
- Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Wei Tan
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P.R. China
- Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Xuemei Jia
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P.R. China
- Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Qing Miao
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P.R. China
- Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P.R. China
- Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Dayong Yang
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P.R. China
- Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, P.R. China
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17
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Sun S, Yang H, Wu Z, Zhang S, Xu J, Shi P. CRISPR/Cas systems combined with DNA nanostructures for biomedical applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:3098-3117. [PMID: 38406926 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00290c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
DNA nanostructures are easy to design and construct, have good biocompatibility, and show great potential in biosensing and drug delivery. Numerous distinctive and versatile DNA nanostructures have been developed and explored for biomedical applications. In addition to DNA nanostructures that are completely assembled from DNA, composite DNA nanostructures obtained by combining DNA with other organic or inorganic materials are also widely used in related research. The CRISPR/Cas system has attracted great attention as a powerful gene editing technology and is also widely used in biomedical diagnosis. Many researchers are committed to exploring new possibilities by combining DNA nanostructures with CRISPR/Cas systems. These explorations provide support for the development of new detection methods and cargo delivery pathways, provide inspiration for improving relevant gene editing platforms, and further expand the application scope of DNA nanostructures and CRISPR/Cas systems. This paper mainly reviews the design principles and biomedical applications of CRISPR/Cas combined with DNA nanostructures based on the types of DNA nanostructures. Finally, the application status, challenges and development prospects of CRISPR/Cas combined with DNA nanostructures in detection and delivery are summarized. It is expected that this review will enable researchers to better understand the current state of the field and provide insights into the application of CRISPR/Cas systems and the development of DNA nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Sun
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, College of Medicine, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, P. R. China.
| | - Haoqi Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, College of Medicine, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, P. R. China.
| | - Ziyong Wu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, College of Medicine, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, P. R. China.
| | - Shusheng Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, College of Medicine, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, P. R. China.
| | - Jingjuan Xu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, College of Medicine, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China.
| | - Pengfei Shi
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, College of Medicine, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, P. R. China.
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18
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Liu R, Jiang D, Yun Y, Feng Z, Zheng F, Xiang Y, Fan H, Zhang J. Photoactivatable Engineering of CRISPR/Cas9-Inducible DNAzyme Probe for In Situ Imaging of Nuclear Zinc Ions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202315536. [PMID: 38253802 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
DNAzyme-based fluorescent probes for imaging metal ions in living cells have received much attention recently. However, employing in situ metal ions imaging within subcellular organelles, such as nucleus, remains a significant challenge. We developed a three-stranded DNAzyme probe (TSDP) that contained a 20-base-pair (20-bp) recognition site of a CRISPR/Cas9, which blocks the DNAzyme activity. When Cas9, with its specialized nuclear localization function, forms an active complex with sgRNA within the cell nucleus, it cleaves the TSDP at the recognition site, resulting in the in situ formation of catalytic DNAzyme structure. With this design, the CRISPR/Cas9-inducible imaging of nuclear Zn2+ is demonstrated in living cells. Moreover, the superiority of CRISPR-DNAzyme for spatiotemporal control imaging was demonstrated by integrating it with photoactivation strategy and Boolean logic gate for dynamic monitoring nuclear Zn2+ in both HeLa cells and mice. Collectively, this conceptual design expands the DNAzyme toolbox for visualizing nuclear metal ions and thus provides new analytical methods for nuclear metal-associated biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Difei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Changhui Rd. 666, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212003, China
| | - Yangfang Yun
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhe Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Fenfen Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Changhui Rd. 666, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212003, China
| | - Yu Xiang
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory for Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Huanhuan Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
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19
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Xu X, Li S, Yu W, Yao S, Fan H, Guo Z. Activation of RIG-I/MDA5 Signaling and Inhibition of CD47-SIRPα Checkpoint with a Dual siRNA-Assembled Nanoadjuvant for Robust Cancer Immunotherapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318544. [PMID: 38194267 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) play a crucial role in the anti-tumor immunity as they are responsible for capturing, processing, and presenting tumor antigens to T cells. However, their activation is often limited by the absence of adjuvants and the suppressive effects of immune checkpoints, such as CD47-SIRPα. Herein, we present a nanoadjuvant that is self-assembled from long RNA building blocks generated through rolling circle transcription (RCT) reaction and further modified with cationic liposomes. Owing to the high load of densely packed RNA, this nanoadjuvant could robustly activate RIG-I/MDA5 signaling in APCs, leading to the maturation of dendritic cells (DCs) and the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) toward an anti-tumor M1-like phenotype. In addition, with a well-designed template, the generated long RNA from RCT reaction includes two kinds of siRNA targeting both CD47 in tumor cells and SIRPα in APCs. This dual gene silencing results in efficient inhibition of the CD47-SIRPα checkpoint. Collectively, the robust activation of RIG-I/MDA5 signaling and efficient inhibition of CD47-SIRPα checkpoint enhance the phagocytic activity of APCs, which in turn promotes the cross-priming of effector T cells and the activation of anti-tumor immune responses. This study therefore provides a simple and robust RNA nanoadjuvant for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shumeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wenhao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shankun Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Huanhuan Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zijian Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
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20
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Zhang M, Sun S, Liang X, Liu Z, Yin J, Li Q, Yang S. A quaternary ammonium-based nanosystem enables delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 for cancer therapy. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:1197-1210. [PMID: 38240497 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01629c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Genome editing mediated by CRISPR/Cas9 is an attractive weapon for cancer therapy. However, in vivo delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 components to achieve therapeutic efficiency is still challenging. Herein, a quaternary ammonium-functionalized poly(L-lysine) and a cholesterol-modified PEG (QNP) were self-assembled with a negatively charged CRISPR Cas9/sgRNA ribonucleoprotein (RNP) to form a ternary complex (QNP/RNP). Such a delivery system of QNP exhibited multiplex genome editing capabilities in vitro (e.g., the GFP gene and the PLK1 gene). In addition, QNP/RNPPLK1 containing PLK1 sgRNA led to 30.99% of genome editing efficiency in MCF-7 cells with negligible cytotoxicity of the carrier. QNP/RNPPLK1, which was capable of simultaneously inhibiting cell proliferation, mediating cell cycle arrest and downregulating expression of PLK1, held great in vitro therapeutic efficiency. Moreover, QNP/RNPPLK1 exhibited outstanding accumulation in tumors and high biocompatibility in vivo. In an MCF-7 xenograft animal model, QNP/RNPPLK1 showed excellent anti-tumor efficacy and achieved 17.75% indels ratio. This work showcases the successful delivery of CRISPR Cas9/sgRNA RNP with enhanced genome editing efficiency and provides a potential on-demand strategy for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengzhu Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Siyu Sun
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Xiao Liang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Zengguang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Jiaxin Yin
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Quanshun Li
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
- Center for Supramolecular Chemical Biology, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Shengcai Yang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
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21
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Su M, Hu Z, Sun Y, Qi Y, Yu B, Xu FJ. Hydroxyl-rich branched polycations for nucleic acid delivery. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:581-595. [PMID: 38014423 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01394d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Recently, nucleic acid delivery has become an amazing route for the treatment of various malignant diseases, and polycationic vectors are attracting more and more attention among gene vectors. However, conventional polycationic vectors still face many obstacles in nucleic acid delivery, such as significant cytotoxicity, high protein absorption behavior, and unsatisfactory blood compatibility caused by a high positive charge density. To solve these problems, the fabrication of hydroxyl-rich branched polycationic vectors has been proposed. For the synthesis of hydroxyl-rich branched polycations, a one-pot method is considered as the preferred method due to its simple preparation process. In this review, typical one-pot methods for fabricating hydroxyl-rich polycations are presented. In particular, amine-epoxide ring-opening polymerization as a novel approach is mainly introduced. In addition, various therapeutic scenarios of hydroxyl-rich branched polycations via one-pot fabrication are also generalized. We believe that this review will motivate the optimized design of hydroxyl-rich branched polycations for potential nucleic acid delivery and their bio-applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengrui Su
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China.
| | - Zichen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China.
| | - Yujie Sun
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China.
| | - Yu Qi
- China Meat Food Research Center, Beijing Academy of Food Sciences, Beijing 100068, PR China.
- Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Bingran Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China.
| | - Fu-Jian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China.
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22
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Li Y, Zhou S, Wu Q, Gong C. CRISPR/Cas gene editing and delivery systems for cancer therapy. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 16:e1938. [PMID: 38456346 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
CRISPR/Cas systems stand out because of simplicity, efficiency, and other superiorities, thus becoming attractive and brilliant gene-editing tools in biomedical field including cancer therapy. CRISPR/Cas systems bring promises for cancer therapy through manipulating and engineering on tumor cells or immune cells. However, there have been concerns about how to overcome the numerous physiological barriers and deliver CRISPR components to target cells efficiently and accurately. In this review, we introduced the mechanisms of CRISPR/Cas systems, summarized the current delivery strategies of CRISPR/Cas systems by physical methods, viral vectors, and nonviral vectors, and presented the current application of CRISPR/Cas systems in cancer clinical treatment. Furthermore, we discussed prospects related to delivery approaches of CRISPR/Cas systems. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Li
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiyao Zhou
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qinjie Wu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Changyang Gong
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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23
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Lin M, Wang X. Natural Biopolymer-Based Delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 for Cancer Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2023; 16:62. [PMID: 38258073 PMCID: PMC10819213 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, the clustered, regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) system has become the most promising gene editing tool and is broadly utilized to manipulate the gene for disease treatment, especially for cancer, which involves multiple genetic alterations. Typically, CRISPR/Cas9 machinery is delivered in one of three forms: DNA, mRNA, or ribonucleoprotein. However, the lack of efficient delivery systems for these macromolecules confined the clinical breakthrough of this technique. Therefore, a variety of nanomaterials have been fabricated to improve the stability and delivery efficiency of the CRISPR/Cas9 system. In this context, the natural biopolymer-based carrier is a particularly promising platform for CRISPR/Cas9 delivery due to its great stability, low toxicity, excellent biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Here, we focus on the advances of natural biopolymer-based materials for CRISPR/Cas9 delivery in the cancer field and discuss the challenges for their clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xueyan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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24
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Tang W, Tong T, Wang H, Lu X, Yang C, Wu Y, Wang Y, Liu J, Ding B. A DNA Origami-Based Gene Editing System for Efficient Gene Therapy in Vivo. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202315093. [PMID: 37906116 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
DNA nanostructures have played an important role in the development of novel drug delivery systems. Herein, we report a DNA origami-based CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing system for efficient gene therapy in vivo. In our design, a PAM-rich region precisely organized on the surface of DNA origami can easily recruit and load sgRNA/Cas9 complex by PAM-guided assembly and pre-designed DNA/RNA hybridization. After loading the sgRNA/Cas9 complex, the DNA origami can be further rolled up by the locking strands with a disulfide bond. With the incorporation of DNA aptamer and influenza hemagglutinin (HA) peptide, the cargo-loaded DNA origami can realize the targeted delivery and effective endosomal escape. After reduction by GSH, the opened DNA origami can release the sgRNA/Cas9 complex by RNase H cleavage to achieve a pronounced gene editing of a tumor-associated gene for gene therapy in vivo. This rationally developed DNA origami-based gene editing system presents a new avenue for the development of gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wantao Tang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Ting Tong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Hong Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xuehe Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Changping Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yushuai Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuang Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jianbing Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Baoquan Ding
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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25
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Xu Z, Dong Y, Ma N, Zhu X, Zhang X, Yin H, Chen S, Zhu JJ, Tian Y, Min Q. Confinement in Dual-Chain-Locked DNA Origami Nanocages Programs Marker-Responsive Delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 Ribonucleoproteins. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:26557-26568. [PMID: 38039555 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c04074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) offers a powerful tool for therapeutic genome editing. However, precise manipulation of CRISPR/Cas9 RNPs to switch the machinery on and off according to diverse disease microenvironments remains challenging. Here, we present dual-chain-locked DNA origami nanocages (DL-DONCs) that can confine Cas9 RNPs in the inner cavity for efficient cargo delivery and dual-marker-responsive genome editing in the specified pathological states. By engineering of ATP or miRNA-21-responsive dsDNAs as chain locks on the DONCs, the permeability of nanocages and accessibility of encapsulated Cas9 RNPs can be finely regulated. The resulting DL-DONCs enabled steric protection of bioactive Cas9 RNPs from premature release and deactivation during transportation while dismounting the dual chain locks in response to molecular triggers after internalization into tumor cells, facilitating the escape of Cas9 RNPs from the confinement for gene editing. Due to the dual-marker-dominated uncaging mechanism, the gene editing efficiency could be exclusively determined by the combined level of ATP and miRNA-21 in the target cellular environment. By targeting the tumor-associated PLK-1 gene, the DL-DONCs-enveloped Cas9 RNPs have demonstrated superior inhibitory effects on the proliferation of tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. The developed DL-DONCs provide a custom-made platform for the precise manipulation of Cas9 RNPs, which can be potentially applied to on-demand gene editing for classified therapy in response to arbitrary disease-associated biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxiang Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Ningning Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xurong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiqing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Jie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianhao Min
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
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26
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Hu Y, Gao S, Lu H, Tan S, Chen F, Ke Y, Ying JY. A Self-Immolative DNA Nanogel Vaccine toward Cancer Immunotherapy. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:9778-9787. [PMID: 37877690 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
The development of precisely engineered vehicles for intracellular delivery and the controlled release of payloads remains a challenge. DNA-based nanomaterials offer a promising solution based on the A-T-G-C alphabet-dictated predictable assembly and high programmability. Herein, we present a self-immolative DNA nanogel vaccine, which can be tracelessly released in the intracellular compartments and activate the immune response. Three building blocks with cytosine-rich overhang domains are designed to self-assemble into a DNA nanogel framework with a controlled size. Two oligo agonists and one antigen peptide are conjugated to the building blocks via an acid-labile chemical linker. Upon internalization into acidic endosomes, the formation of i-motif configurations leads to dissociation of the DNA nanogel vaccine. The acid-labile chemical linker is cleaved, releasing the agonists and antigen in their traceless original form to activate antigen-presenting cells and an immune response. This study presents a novel strategy for constructing delivery platforms for intracellularly stimuli-triggered traceless release of therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Hu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
- NanoBio Lab, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, #09-01, Singapore 138669, Republic of Singapore
| | - Shujun Gao
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
- NanoBio Lab, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, #09-01, Singapore 138669, Republic of Singapore
| | - Hongfang Lu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
- NanoBio Lab, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, #09-01, Singapore 138669, Republic of Singapore
| | - Susi Tan
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
- NanoBio Lab, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, #09-01, Singapore 138669, Republic of Singapore
| | - Feng Chen
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
- NanoBio Lab, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, #09-01, Singapore 138669, Republic of Singapore
| | - Yujie Ke
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Jackie Y Ying
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
- NanoBio Lab, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, #09-01, Singapore 138669, Republic of Singapore
- A*STAR Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, #09-01, Singapore 138669, Republic of Singapore
- Bioengineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
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27
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Yan J, Ma X, Liang D, Ran M, Zheng D, Chen X, Zhou S, Sun W, Shen X, Zhang H. An autocatalytic multicomponent DNAzyme nanomachine for tumor-specific photothermal therapy sensitization in pancreatic cancer. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6905. [PMID: 37903795 PMCID: PMC10616286 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42740-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Multicomponent deoxyribozymes (MNAzymes) have great potential in gene therapy, but their ability to recognize disease tissue and further achieve synergistic gene regulation has rarely been studied. Herein, Arginylglycylaspartic acid (RGD)-modified Distearyl acylphosphatidyl ethanolamine (DSPE)-polyethylene glycol (PEG) (DSPE-PEG-RGD) micelle is prepared with a DSPE hydrophobic core to load the photothermal therapy (PTT) dye IR780 and the calcium efflux pump inhibitor curcumin. Then, the MNAzyme is distributed into the hydrophilic PEG layer and sealed with calcium phosphate through biomineralization. Moreover, RGD is attached to the outer tail of PEG for tumor targeting. The constructed nanomachine can release MNAzyme and the cofactor Ca2+ under acidic conditions and self-assemble into an active mode to cleave heat shock protein (HSP) mRNA by consuming the oncogene miRNA-21. Silencing miRNA-21 enhances the expression of the tumor suppressor gene PTEN, leading to PTT sensitization. Meanwhile, curcumin maintains high intracellular Ca2+ to further suppress HSP-chaperone ATP by disrupting mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis. Therefore, pancreatic cancer is triple-sensitized to IR780-mediated PTT. The in vitro and in vivo results show that the MNAzyme-based nanomachine can strongly regulate HSP and PTEN expression and lead to significant pancreatic tumor inhibition under laser irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Yan
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Xiaodong Ma
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Danna Liang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Meixin Ran
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Dongdong Zheng
- Department of Ultrasound, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shichong Zhou
- Department of Ultrasound, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
| | - Weijian Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xian Shen
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Interdiscipline and Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.
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28
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Chen N, Wang Y, Deng Z. DNA-Condensed Plasmonic Supraballs Transparent to Molecules. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:14053-14062. [PMID: 37725679 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
DNA nanotechnology offers an unrivaled programmability of plasmonic nanoassemblies based on encodable Watson-Crick basepairing. However, it is very challenging to build rigidified three-dimensional supracolloidal assemblies with strong electromagnetic coupling and a self-confined exterior shape. We herein report an alternative strategy based on a DNA condensation reaction to make such structures. Using DNA-grafted gold nanoparticles as building blocks and metal ions with suitable phosphate affinities as abiological DNA-bonding agents, a seedless growth of spheroidal supraparticles is realized via metal-ion-induced DNA condensation. Some governing rules are disclosed in this process, including kinetic and thermodynamic effects stemming from electrostatic and coordinative forces with different interaction ranges. The supraballs are tailorable by adjusting the volumetric ratio between DNA grafts and gold cores and by overgrowing extra gold layers toward tunable plasmon coupling. Various appealing and highly desirable properties are achieved for the resulting metaballs, including (i) chemical reversibility and fixation ability, (ii) stability against denaturant, salt, and molecular adsorbates, (iii) enriched and continuously tunable plasmonic hotspots, (iv) permeability to small guest molecules and antifoulingness against protein contaminates, and (v) Raman-enhancing and photocatalytic activities. Innovative applications are thus foreseeable for this emerging class of meta-assemblies in contrast to what is achieved by DNA-basepaired ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuo Chen
- Center for Bioanalytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yueliang Wang
- Center for Bioanalytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Zhaoxiang Deng
- Center for Bioanalytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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Song N, Chu Y, Li S, Dong Y, Fan X, Tang J, Guo Y, Teng G, Yao C, Yang D. Cascade dynamic assembly/disassembly of DNA nanoframework enabling the controlled delivery of CRISPR-Cas9 system. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadi3602. [PMID: 37647403 PMCID: PMC10468128 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi3602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
CRISPR-Cas9 has been explored as a therapeutic agent for down-regulating target genes; the controlled delivery of Cas9 ribonucleoprotein (RNP) is essential for therapeutic efficacy and remains a challenge. Here, we report cascade dynamic assembly/disassembly of DNA nanoframework (NF) that enables the controlled delivery of Cas9 RNP. NF was prepared with acrylamide-modified DNA that initiated cascade hybridization chain reaction (HCR). Through an HCR, single-guide RNA was incorporated to NF; simultaneously, the internal space of NF was expanded, facilitating the loading of Cas9 protein. NF was designed with hydrophilic acylamino and hydrophobic isopropyl, allowing dynamic swelling and aggregation. The responsive release of Cas9 RNP was realized by introducing disulfide bond-containing N,N-bis(acryloyl)cystamine that was specifically in response to glutathione of cancer cells, triggering the complete disassembly of NF. In vitro and in vivo investigations demonstrated the high gene editing efficiency in cancer cells, the hypotoxicity in normal cells, and notable antitumor efficacy in a breast cancer mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nachuan Song
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Yiwen Chu
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Yuhang Dong
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoting Fan
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Jianpu Tang
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Yanfei Guo
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Guangshuai Teng
- Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
| | - Chi Yao
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Dayong Yang
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
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Pont M, Marqués M, Sorolla MA, Parisi E, Urdanibia I, Morales S, Salud A, Sorolla A. Applications of CRISPR Technology to Breast Cancer and Triple Negative Breast Cancer Research. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4364. [PMID: 37686639 PMCID: PMC10486929 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15174364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) technology has transformed oncology research in many ways. Breast cancer is the most prevalent malignancy globally and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most aggressive subtypes with numerous challenges still to be faced. In this work, we have explained what CRISPR consists of and listed its applications in breast cancer while focusing on TNBC research. These are disease modelling, the search for novel genes involved in tumour progression, sensitivity to drugs and immunotherapy response, tumour fitness, diagnosis, and treatment. Additionally, we have listed the current delivery methods employed for the delivery of CRISPR systems in vivo. Lastly, we have highlighted the limitations that CRISPR technology is subject to and the future directions that we envisage. Overall, we have provided a round summary of the aspects concerning CRISPR in breast cancer/TNBC research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariona Pont
- Research Group of Cancer Biomarkers, Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research Dr. Pifarré Foundation (IRBLleida), Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (M.P.); (M.M.); (M.A.S.); (E.P.); (I.U.); (S.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Marta Marqués
- Research Group of Cancer Biomarkers, Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research Dr. Pifarré Foundation (IRBLleida), Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (M.P.); (M.M.); (M.A.S.); (E.P.); (I.U.); (S.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Maria Alba Sorolla
- Research Group of Cancer Biomarkers, Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research Dr. Pifarré Foundation (IRBLleida), Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (M.P.); (M.M.); (M.A.S.); (E.P.); (I.U.); (S.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Eva Parisi
- Research Group of Cancer Biomarkers, Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research Dr. Pifarré Foundation (IRBLleida), Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (M.P.); (M.M.); (M.A.S.); (E.P.); (I.U.); (S.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Izaskun Urdanibia
- Research Group of Cancer Biomarkers, Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research Dr. Pifarré Foundation (IRBLleida), Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (M.P.); (M.M.); (M.A.S.); (E.P.); (I.U.); (S.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Serafín Morales
- Research Group of Cancer Biomarkers, Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research Dr. Pifarré Foundation (IRBLleida), Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (M.P.); (M.M.); (M.A.S.); (E.P.); (I.U.); (S.M.); (A.S.)
- Department of Medical Oncology, Arnau de Vilanova University Hospital (HUAV), Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Antonieta Salud
- Research Group of Cancer Biomarkers, Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research Dr. Pifarré Foundation (IRBLleida), Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (M.P.); (M.M.); (M.A.S.); (E.P.); (I.U.); (S.M.); (A.S.)
- Department of Medical Oncology, Arnau de Vilanova University Hospital (HUAV), Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Lleida, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Anabel Sorolla
- Research Group of Cancer Biomarkers, Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research Dr. Pifarré Foundation (IRBLleida), Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (M.P.); (M.M.); (M.A.S.); (E.P.); (I.U.); (S.M.); (A.S.)
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Tiwari PK, Ko TH, Dubey R, Chouhan M, Tsai LW, Singh HN, Chaubey KK, Dayal D, Chiang CW, Kumar S. CRISPR/Cas9 as a therapeutic tool for triple negative breast cancer: from bench to clinics. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1214489. [PMID: 37469704 PMCID: PMC10352522 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1214489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) is a third-generation genome editing method that has revolutionized the world with its high throughput results. It has been used in the treatment of various biological diseases and infections. Various bacteria and other prokaryotes such as archaea also have CRISPR/Cas9 systems to guard themselves against bacteriophage. Reportedly, CRISPR/Cas9-based strategy may inhibit the growth and development of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) via targeting the potentially altered resistance genes, transcription, and epigenetic regulation. These therapeutic activities could help with the complex issues such as drug resistance which is observed even in TNBC. Currently, various methods have been utilized for the delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 into the targeted cell such as physical (microinjection, electroporation, and hydrodynamic mode), viral (adeno-associated virus and lentivirus), and non-viral (liposomes and lipid nano-particles). Although different models have been developed to investigate the molecular causes of TNBC, but the lack of sensitive and targeted delivery methods for in-vivo genome editing tools limits their clinical application. Therefore, based on the available evidences, this review comprehensively highlighted the advancement, challenges limitations, and prospects of CRISPR/Cas9 for the treatment of TNBC. We also underscored how integrating artificial intelligence and machine learning could improve CRISPR/Cas9 strategies in TNBC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Kumar Tiwari
- Biological and Bio-Computational Lab, Department of Life Sciences, Sharda School of Basic Science and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Tin-Hsien Ko
- Department of Orthopedics, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Rajni Dubey
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Mandeep Chouhan
- Biological and Bio-Computational Lab, Department of Life Sciences, Sharda School of Basic Science and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Lung-Wen Tsai
- Department of Medicine Research, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Information Technology Office, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Data Science, College of Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Himanshu Narayan Singh
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Centre, New York, NY, United States
| | - Kundan Kumar Chaubey
- Division of Research and Innovation, School of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Deen Dayal
- Department of Biotechnology, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Chih-Wei Chiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Biological and Bio-Computational Lab, Department of Life Sciences, Sharda School of Basic Science and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Yan A, Chen X, He J, Ge Y, Liu Q, Men D, Xu K, Li D. Phosphorothioated DNA Engineered Liposomes as a General Platform for Stimuli-Responsive Cell-Specific Intracellular Delivery and Genome Editing. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202303973. [PMID: 37100742 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202303973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular protein delivery is highly desirable for protein drug-based cell therapy. Established technologies suffer from poor cell-specific cytosolic protein delivery, which hampers the targeting therapy of specific cell populations. A fusogenic liposome system enables cytosolic delivery, but its ability of cell-specific and controllable delivery is quite limited. Inspired by the kinetics of viral fusion, we designed a phosphorothioated DNA coatings-modified fusogenic liposome to mimic the function of viral hemagglutinin. The macromolecular fusion machine docks cargo-loaded liposomes at the membrane of target cells, triggers membrane fusion upon pH or UV light stimuli, and facilitates cytosolic protein delivery. Our results showed efficient cell-targeted delivery of proteins of various sizes and charges, indicating the phosphorothioated DNA plug-in unit on liposomes could be a general strategy for spatial-temporally controllable protein delivery both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Yan
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Xiaoqing Chen
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Jie He
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yifan Ge
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Rui Jin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Dong Men
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Ke Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Di Li
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
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33
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Fu L, Li Z, Ren Y, Yu H, Liu B, Qiu Y. CRISPR/Cas genome editing in triple negative breast cancer: Current situation and future directions. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 209:115449. [PMID: 36754153 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) has been well-known to be closely associated with the abnormal expression of both oncogenes and tumor suppressors. Although several pathogenic mutations in TNBC have been identified, the current therapeutic strategy is usually aimed at symptom relief rather than correcting mutations in the DNA sequence. Of note, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) has been gradually regarded as a breakthrough gene-editing tool with potential therapeutic applications in human cancers, including TNBC. Thus, in this review, we focus on summarizing the molecular subtypes of TNBC, as well as the CRISPR system and its potential applications in TNBC treatment. Moreover, we further discuss several emerging strategies for utilizing the CRISPR/Cas system to aid in the precise diagnosis of TNBC, as well as the limitations of the CRISPR/Cas system. Taken together, these findings would demonstrate that CRISPR/Cas system is not only an effective genome editing tool in TNBC, but a promising strategy for the future therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Fu
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Zixiang Li
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yueting Ren
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Temerity faculty of medicine, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Haiyang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Yuling Qiu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
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34
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Tang J, Liang A, Yao C, Yang D. Assembly of Rolling Circle Amplification-Produced Ultralong Single-Stranded DNA to Construct Biofunctional DNA Materials. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202202673. [PMID: 36263767 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The Review by Yang, Yao and colleagues (DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202673) describes recent developments in biofunctional DNA hydrogels and DNA nanocomplexes based on rolling circle amplification (RCA) and introduces assembly strategies and functionalization methods of the ultralong single-strand DNA produced by RCA to construct biofunctional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianpu Tang
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Aiqi Liang
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Chi Yao
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Dayong Yang
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
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Liu J, Xie G, Lv S, Xiong Q, Xu H. Recent applications of rolling circle amplification in biosensors and DNA nanotechnology. Trends Analyt Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2023.116953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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36
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Chen N, Wang Y, Song X, Li Y, Deng Z. Steering DNA Condensation on Engineered Nanointerfaces. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:8550-8558. [PMID: 36315179 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c03051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
DNA has received increasing attention in nanotechnology due to its ability to fold into prescribed structures. Different from the commonly adopted base-pairing strategy, an emerging class of amorphous DNA materials are formed by DNA's abiological interactions. Despite the great successes, a lack of nanoscale nucleation/growth control disables more advanced considerations. This work aims at harnessing the heterogeneous nucleation of metal-ion-glued DNA condensates on nanointerfaces. Upon unveiling key orthogonal factors including solution pH, ionic cross-linkers, and surface functionalities, chemically programmable DNA condensation on nanoparticle seeds is achieved, resembling a famous Stöber process for silica coating. The nucleation rules discovered on individual nanoseeds can be passed on to their dimeric assemblies, where broken spherical symmetry and the existence of interparticle gaps help a regiospecific DNA gelation. The steerable DNA condensation, and the multifunctions from DNA, metal ions, and nanocores, hold a great promise in noncanonical DNA nanotechnology toward novel applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuo Chen
- Center for Bioanalytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yueliang Wang
- Center for Bioanalytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xiaojun Song
- Center for Bioanalytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yanjuan Li
- Center for Bioanalytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Zhaoxiang Deng
- Center for Bioanalytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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Nie D, Guo T, Yue M, Li W, Zong X, Zhu Y, Huang J, Lin M. Research Progress on Nanoparticles-Based CRISPR/Cas9 System for Targeted Therapy of Tumors. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12091239. [PMID: 36139078 PMCID: PMC9496048 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a genetic mutation disease that seriously endangers the health and life of all human beings. As one of the most amazing academic achievements in the past decade, CRISPR/Cas9 technology has been sought after by many researchers due to its powerful gene editing capability. CRISPR/Cas9 technology shows great potential in oncology, and has become one of the most promising technologies for cancer genome-editing therapeutics. However, its efficiency and the safety issues of in vivo gene editing severely limit its widespread application. Therefore, developing a suitable delivery method for the CRISPR/Cas9 system is an urgent problem to be solved at present. Rapid advances in nanomedicine suggest nanoparticles could be a viable option. In this review, we summarize the latest research on the potential use of nanoparticle-based CRISPR/Cas9 systems in cancer therapeutics, in order to further their clinical application. We hope that this review will provide a novel insight into the CRISPR/Cas9 system and offer guidance for nanocarrier designs that will enable its use in cancer clinical applications.
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Ren X, He X, Xu C, Han D, Cheng S. Functional Tumor Targeting Nano-Systems for Reprogramming Circulating Tumor Cells with In Situ Evaluation on Therapeutic Efficiency at the Single-Cell Level. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2105806. [PMID: 35595716 PMCID: PMC9313495 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Tumor heterogeneity is primarily responsible for treatment resistance and cancer relapses. Being critically important to address this issue, the timely evaluation of the appropriateness of therapeutic actions at the single-cell level is still facing challenges. By using multi-functionalized nano-systems with the delivery vector composed of histone for plasmids loading, hyaluronic acid for tumor targeting, and a fusion peptide for C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) targeting as well as nuclear localization, the reprogramming of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) with in situ detection on biomarkers at the single-cell level is realized. By efficient co-delivery of the genome editing plasmid for CXCR4 knockout and molecular beacons for detection of upregulated mRNA biomarkers into CTCs in unprocessed whole blood, the therapeutic outcomes of genome editing at the single-cell level can be in situ evaluated. The single-cell analysis shows that CXCR4 in CTCs of cancer patients is efficiently downregulated, resulting in upregulated anticancer biomarkers such as p53 and p21. The study provides a facile strategy for in-depth profiling of cancer cell responses to therapeutic actions at single-cell resolution to evaluate the outcomes of treatments timely and conveniently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐He Ren
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of EducationDepartment of ChemistryWuhan UniversityWuhan430072P. R. China
| | - Xiao‐Yan He
- School of Life SciencesAnhui Medical UniversityHefei230032P. R. China
| | - Chang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of EducationDepartment of ChemistryWuhan UniversityWuhan430072P. R. China
| | - Di Han
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of EducationDepartment of ChemistryWuhan UniversityWuhan430072P. R. China
| | - Si‐Xue Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of EducationDepartment of ChemistryWuhan UniversityWuhan430072P. R. China
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Jouha J, Li F, Su WT, Fan C, Yang D, Xiong H. Editorial: Engineering Nucleic Acids-Based Functional Nanomaterials, Nanodrugs, and Biosensors. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:915229. [PMID: 35782517 PMCID: PMC9245380 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.915229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jabrane Jouha
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fengli Li
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wen-Ta Su
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Wen-Ta Su, ; Chenguang Fan, ; Dayong Yang, ; Hai Xiong,
| | - Chenguang Fan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
- *Correspondence: Wen-Ta Su, ; Chenguang Fan, ; Dayong Yang, ; Hai Xiong,
| | - Dayong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Wen-Ta Su, ; Chenguang Fan, ; Dayong Yang, ; Hai Xiong,
| | - Hai Xiong
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Wen-Ta Su, ; Chenguang Fan, ; Dayong Yang, ; Hai Xiong,
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Jiao Y, Shang Y, Li N, Ding B. DNA-based enzymatic systems and their applications. iScience 2022; 25:104018. [PMID: 35313688 PMCID: PMC8933709 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA strands with unique secondary structures can catalyze various chemical reactions and mimic natural enzymes with the assistance of cofactors, which have attracted much research attention. At the same time, the emerging DNA nanotechnology provides an efficient platform to organize functional components of the enzymatic systems and regulate their catalytic performances. In this review, we summarize the recent progress of DNA-based enzymatic systems. First, DNAzymes (Dzs) are introduced, and their versatile utilities are summarized. Then, G-quadruplex/hemin (G4/hemin) Dzs with unique oxidase/peroxidase-mimicking activities and representative examples where these Dzs served as biosensors are explicitly elaborated. Next, the DNA-based enzymatic cascade systems fabricated by the structural DNA nanotechnology are depicted. In addition, the applications of catalytic DNA nanostructures in biosensing and biomedicine are included. At last, the challenges and the perspectives of the DNA-based enzymatic systems for practical applications are also discussed.
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