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Dong M, Sun Y, Dunstan DJ, Young RJ, Papageorgiou DG. Mechanical reinforcement from two-dimensional nanofillers: model, bulk and hybrid polymer nanocomposites. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:13247-13299. [PMID: 38940686 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr01356e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Thanks to their intrinsic properties, multifunctionality and unique geometrical features, two-dimensional nanomaterials have been used widely as reinforcements in polymer nanocomposites. The effective mechanical reinforcement of polymers is, however, a multifaceted problem as it depends not only on the intrinsic properties of the fillers and the matrix, but also upon a number of other important parameters. These parameters include the processing method, the interfacial properties, the aspect ratio, defects, orientation, agglomeration and volume fraction of the fillers. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the mechanical reinforcement of polymer nanocomposites from two-dimensional nanofillers with an emphasis on the mechanisms of reinforcement. Model, bulk and hybrid polymer nanocomposites are reviewed comprehensively. The use of Raman and photoluminescence spectroscopies is examined in light of the distinctive information they can yield upon stress transfer at interfaces. It is shown that the very diverse family of 2D nanofillers includes a number of materials that can attribute distrinctive features to a polymeric matrix, and we focus on the mechanical properties of both graphene and some of the most important 2D materials beyond graphene, including boron nitride, molybdenum disulphide, other transition metal dichalcogenides, MXenes and black phosphorous. In the first part of the review we evaluate the mechanical properties of 2D nanoplatelets in "model" nanocomposites. Next we examine how the performance of these materials can be optimised in bulk nanocomposites. Finally, combinations of these 2D nanofillers with other 2D nanomaterials or with nanofillers of other dimensions are assessed thoroughly, as such combinations can lead to additive or even synergistic mechanical effects. Existing unsolved problems and future perspectives are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Dong
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK.
| | - Yiwei Sun
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK.
| | - David J Dunstan
- School of Physics and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Robert J Young
- National Graphene Institute, Department of Materials, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Dimitrios G Papageorgiou
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK.
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2
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Chilito JM, Lara-Ramos JA, Angel J, Machuca-Martínez F, Marín L, Rodríguez LA, Correa Aguirre JP, Hidalgo Salazar MA, García-Navarro S, Roca-Blay L, Diosa JE, Mosquera-Vargas E. Thermal, viscoelastic, and electrical properties of thermoplastic polyurethane films reinforced with multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32794. [PMID: 38975128 PMCID: PMC11225840 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) doped with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) at 1, 3, 5, and 7 wt% has been studied. The effect of MWCNTs on thermal, viscoelastic, and electric properties in the TPU matrix was characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and by impedance spectroscopy. The results show that the thermal, electrical, and viscoelastic properties, such as the glass transition temperature, shifted towards high temperatures. The melting temperature decreased, and the conductivity and the storage modulus increased by 61.5 % and 58.3 %. The previously observed behavior on the films is due to the increase in the mass percentage of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in the TPU matrix. Also, it can be said that the CNTs were homogeneously dispersed in the TPU matrix, preventing the movement of the polymer chains, and generating channels or connections that increase the conductivity and improve the thermal properties of the material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Munoz Chilito
- Grupo de Transiciones de Fase y Materiales Funcionales (GTFMF), Departamento de Física, Universidad del Valle, A.A, 25360, Cali, Colombia
| | - Jose A. Lara-Ramos
- Grupo de Transiciones de Fase y Materiales Funcionales (GTFMF), Departamento de Física, Universidad del Valle, A.A, 25360, Cali, Colombia
| | - JulianA. Angel
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Institución Universitaria António José Camacho, Avenida 6N No 28N-102, A.A, 25663, Cali, Colombia
| | - Fiderman Machuca-Martínez
- Centro de Excelencia en Nuevos Materiales (CENM), Universidad del Valle, A.A, 25663, Cali, Colombia
- Grupo de Investigación en Procesos Avanzados para Tratamientos biológicos y Químicos (GAOX), Escuela de Ingeniería Química, Universidad del Valle, A.A, 25663, Cali, Colombia
| | - Lorena Marín
- Centro de Excelencia en Nuevos Materiales (CENM), Universidad del Valle, A.A, 25663, Cali, Colombia
- Grupo de Películas Delgadas (GPD), Universidad del Valle, A.A, 25663, Cali, Colombia
| | - Luis A. Rodríguez
- Grupo de Transiciones de Fase y Materiales Funcionales (GTFMF), Departamento de Física, Universidad del Valle, A.A, 25360, Cali, Colombia
- Centro de Excelencia en Nuevos Materiales (CENM), Universidad del Valle, A.A, 25663, Cali, Colombia
| | - Juan P. Correa Aguirre
- Grupo de Investigación en Tecnología para la Manufactura (GITEM), Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, 760035, Cali, Colombia
| | - Miguel A. Hidalgo Salazar
- Grupo de Investigación en Tecnología para la Manufactura (GITEM), Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, 760035, Cali, Colombia
| | | | - Luis Roca-Blay
- AIMPLAS, Gustave Eiffel 4 (València Parc Tecnològic), 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - Jesús E. Diosa
- Grupo de Transiciones de Fase y Materiales Funcionales (GTFMF), Departamento de Física, Universidad del Valle, A.A, 25360, Cali, Colombia
- Centro de Excelencia en Nuevos Materiales (CENM), Universidad del Valle, A.A, 25663, Cali, Colombia
| | - Edgar Mosquera-Vargas
- Grupo de Transiciones de Fase y Materiales Funcionales (GTFMF), Departamento de Física, Universidad del Valle, A.A, 25360, Cali, Colombia
- Centro de Excelencia en Nuevos Materiales (CENM), Universidad del Valle, A.A, 25663, Cali, Colombia
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3
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Ekeowa C, Muthu SDJ. Multiscale Modeling and Characterization of Graphene Epoxy Nanocomposite. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1209. [PMID: 38732678 PMCID: PMC11085314 DOI: 10.3390/polym16091209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aims to characterize graphene epoxy nanocomposite properties using multiscale modeling. Molecular dynamics was used to study the nanocomposite at the nanoscale and finite element analysis at the macroscale to complete the multiscale modeling. The coupling of these two scales was carried out using the Irving-Kirkwood averaging method. First, the functionalization of graphene was carried and 6% grafted graphene was selected based on Young's modulus and the tensile strength of the grafted graphene sheet. Functionalized graphene with weight fractions of 1.8, 3.7, and 5.6 wt.% were reinforced with epoxy polymer to form a graphene epoxy nanocomposite. The results showed that the graphene with 3.7 wt.% achieved the highest modulus. Subsequently, a functionalized graphene sheet with an epoxy matrix was developed to obtain the interphase properties using the MD modeling technique. The normal and shear forces at the interphase region of the graphene epoxy nanocomposite were investigated using a traction-separation test to analyze the mechanical properties including Young's modulus and traction forces. The mean stiffness of numerically tested samples with 1.8, 3.7, and 5.6 wt.% graphene and the stiffness obtained from experimental results from the literature were compared. The experimental results are lower than the multiscale model results because the experiments cannot replicate the molecular-scale behavior. However, a similar trend could be observed for the addition of up to 3.7 wt.% graphene. This demonstrated that the graphene with 3.7 wt.% shows improved interphase properties. The macroscale properties of the graphene epoxy nanocomposite models with 1.8 and 3.7 wt.% were comparatively higher.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - SD Jacob Muthu
- Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada;
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4
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Anju, Masař M, Machovský M, Urbánek M, Šuly P, Hanulíková B, Vilčáková J, Kuřitka I, Yadav RS. Optimization of CoFe 2O 4 nanoparticles and graphite fillers to endow thermoplastic polyurethane nanocomposites with superior electromagnetic interference shielding performance. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2024; 6:2149-2165. [PMID: 38633039 PMCID: PMC11019480 DOI: 10.1039/d3na01053h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The rapid growth, integration, and miniaturization of electronics have raised significant concerns about how to handle issues with electromagnetic interference (EMI), which has increased demand for the creation of EMI shielding materials. In order to effectively shield against electromagnetic interference (EMI), this study developed a variety of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)-based nanocomposites in conjunction with CoFe2O4 nanoparticles and graphite. The filler percentage and nanocomposite thickness were tuned and optimized. The designed GF15-TPU nanocomposite, which has a 5 mm thickness, 15 weight percent cobalt ferrite nanoparticles, and 35 weight percent graphite, showed the highest total EMI shielding effectiveness value of 41.5 dB in the 8.2-12.4 GHz frequency range, or 99.993% shielding efficiency, out of all the prepared polymer nanocomposites. According to experimental findings, the nanocomposite's dipole polarization, interfacial polarization, conduction loss, eddy current loss, natural resonance, exchange resonance, multiple scattering, and high attenuation significantly contribute to improving its electromagnetic interference shielding properties. The created TPU-based nanocomposites containing graphite and CoFe2O4 nanoparticles have the potential to be used in communication systems, defense, spacecraft, and aircraft as EMI shielding materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anju
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlín Trida Tomase Bati 5678 760 01 Zlín Czech Republic
| | - Milan Masař
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlín Trida Tomase Bati 5678 760 01 Zlín Czech Republic
| | - Michal Machovský
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlín Trida Tomase Bati 5678 760 01 Zlín Czech Republic
| | - Michal Urbánek
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlín Trida Tomase Bati 5678 760 01 Zlín Czech Republic
| | - Pavol Šuly
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlín Trida Tomase Bati 5678 760 01 Zlín Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Hanulíková
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlín Trida Tomase Bati 5678 760 01 Zlín Czech Republic
| | - Jarmila Vilčáková
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlín Trida Tomase Bati 5678 760 01 Zlín Czech Republic
| | - Ivo Kuřitka
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlín Trida Tomase Bati 5678 760 01 Zlín Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín Vavrečkova 5669 760 01 Zlín Czech Republic
| | - Raghvendra Singh Yadav
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlín Trida Tomase Bati 5678 760 01 Zlín Czech Republic
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5
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Karimi F, Karimi-Maleh H, Rouhi J, Zare N, Karaman C, Baghayeri M, Fu L, Rostamnia S, Dragoi EN, Ayati A, Krivoshapkin P. Revolutionizing cancer monitoring with carbon-based electrochemical biosensors. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 239:117368. [PMID: 37827366 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Cancer monitoring plays a critical role in improving patient outcomes by providing early detection, personalized treatment options, and treatment response tracking. Carbon-based electrochemical biosensors have emerged in recent years as a revolutionary technology with the potential to revolutionize cancer monitoring. These sensors are useful for clinical applications because of their high sensitivity, selectivity, rapid response, and compatibility with miniaturized equipment. This review paper gives an in-depth look at the latest developments and the possibilities of carbon-based electrochemical sensors in cancer surveillance. The essential principles of carbon-based electrochemical sensors are discussed, including their structure, operating mechanisms, and critical qualities that make them suited for cancer surveillance. Furthermore, we investigate their applicability in detecting specific cancer biomarkers, evaluating therapy responses, and detecting cancer recurrence early. Additionally, a comparison of carbon-based electrochemical sensor performance measures, including sensitivity, selectivity, accuracy, and limit of detection, is presented in contrast to existing monitoring methods and upcoming technologies. Finally, we discuss prospective tactics, future initiatives, and commercialization opportunities for improving the capabilities of these sensors and integrating them into normal clinical practice. The review highlights the potential impact of carbon-based electrochemical sensors on cancer diagnosis, treatment, and patient outcomes, as well as the importance of ongoing research, collaboration, and validation studies to fully realize their potential in revolutionizing cancer monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Karimi
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, P.O. Box 611731, Xiyuan Ave, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Hassan Karimi-Maleh
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, P.O. Box 611731, Xiyuan Ave, Chengdu, PR China; School of Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Jalal Rouhi
- Faculty of Physics, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, 51566, Iran.
| | - Najmeh Zare
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, P.O. Box 611731, Xiyuan Ave, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Ceren Karaman
- School of Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon; Department of Electricity and Energy, Akdeniz University, Antalya, 07070, Turkey
| | - Mehdi Baghayeri
- School of Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hakim Sabzevari University, PO. B 397, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Li Fu
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China
| | - Sadegh Rostamnia
- Organic and Nano Group (ONG), Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), PO Box 16846-13114, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elena Niculina Dragoi
- "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University, Bld Mangeron No 73, Iasi, 700050, Romania
| | - Ali Ayati
- EnergyLab, ITMO University, Lomonosova Street 9, Saint Petersburg, 191002, Russia
| | - Pavel Krivoshapkin
- EnergyLab, ITMO University, Lomonosova Street 9, Saint Petersburg, 191002, Russia
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6
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Jung I, Shin EJ, Lee S. Study on CNT/TPU cube under the 3D printing conditions of infill patterns and density. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17728. [PMID: 37853073 PMCID: PMC10584865 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44951-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, to develop soft pressure sensor applicable to wearable robots using stretchable polymers and conductive fillers, 3.25 wt% carbon nanotubes/thermoplastic polyurethane filament with shore 94 A were manufactured. Three infill densities (20%, 50%, and 80%) and patterns (zigzag (ZG), triangle (TR), honeycomb (HN)) were applied to print cubes via fused filament fabrication 3D printing. Most suitable infill conditions were confirmed based on the slicing images, morphologies, compressive properties, electrical properties, and electrical heating properties. For each infill pattern, ZG and TR divided the layers into lines and figures, and the layers were stacked by rotation. For HN, the same layers were stacked in a hexagonal pattern. Consequently, TR divided layer in various directions, showed the strongest compressive properties with toughness 1.99 J for of infill density 80%. Especially, the HN became tougher with increased infill density. Also, the HN laminated with the same layer showed excellent electrical properties, with results greater than 14.7 mA. The electrical heating properties confirmed that ZG and HN had the high layer density, which exhibited excellent heating characteristics. Therefore, it was confirmed that performance varies depending on the 3D printing direction, and it was confirmed that HN is suitable for manufacturing soft sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imjoo Jung
- Department of Fashion and Textiles, Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Joo Shin
- Department of Organic Materials and Polymer Engineering, Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunhee Lee
- Department of Fashion and Textiles, Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Fashion Design, Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, Republic of Korea.
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7
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Arash S, Akbari B, Ghaleb S, Kaffashi B, Marouf BT. Preparation of PLA-TPU-Nanoclay composites and characterization of their morphological, mechanical, and shape memory properties. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 139:105642. [PMID: 36706650 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a combination of polylactic acid polymer and thermoplastic polyurethane with the addition of nano-clay particles was used. The reason for using clay nanoparticles and their strength is the low price and availability of this material. Adding nano-clay particles to the polymer composition improves the mechanical properties of the composite as they will interact with functional groups of the polymer. The results of the FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the presence of three components in the compound indicating that no chemical reactions occurred among the three components during the compounding process. The FE-SEM images taken from the compounds showed that TPU and nano-clay particles were evenly distributed in the PLA matrix. The DMTA results were utilized to determine the transfer temperature of the compounds as well as the storage and loss modulus and the shape memory properties. The XRD spectroscopy was used to determine the crystallinity and exfoliation of the nanoparticles. The mechanical properties of the fabricated polymer compounds were determined. It was found that the sample with 3% by weight of clay nanoparticles had the highest strength, and the sample with 5 wt% of clay nanoparticles had the highest toughness among nanocomposites. According to the hardness measurement, the sample with 5% by weight of clay nanoparticles has the highest hardness amongst all prepared composites. The memory properties of the prepared nanocomposites showed a significant improvement with increasing the amount of nanoparticles. This study showed the suitability and efficiency of PLA, TPU, and clay nanoparticle melt mixing methods in achieving a relatively tough shape memory composite. At the same time, this method is also inexpensive and scalable.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Arash
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - B Akbari
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - S Ghaleb
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - B Kaffashi
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - B T Marouf
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Urmia University, Urmai, Iran
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8
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Su KH, Su CY, Shih WL, Lee FT. Improvement of the Thermal Conductivity and Mechanical Properties of 3D-Printed Polyurethane Composites by Incorporating Hydroxylated Boron Nitride Functional Fillers. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 16:356. [PMID: 36614693 PMCID: PMC9821942 DOI: 10.3390/ma16010356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the use of fused deposition modeling (FDM) in the three-dimensional (3D) printing of thermal interface materials (TIMs) has garnered increasing attention. Because fillers orient themselves along the direction of the melt flow during printing, this method could effectively enhance the thermal conductivity of existing composite materials. However, the poor compatibility and intensive aggregation of h-BN fillers in polymer composites are still detrimental to their practical application in thermally conductive materials. In this study, hydroxyl-functionalized boron nitride (OH-BN) particles were prepared by chemical modification and ultrasonic-assisted liquid-phase exfoliation to explore their impact on the surface compatibility, mechanical properties and the final anisotropic thermal conductivity of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) composites fabricated by FDM printing. The results show that the surface-functionalized OH-BN fillers are homogeneously dispersed in the TPU matrix via hydrogen bonding interactions, which improve the interfacial adhesion between the filler and matrix. For the same concentration of loaded filler, the OH-BN/TPU composites exhibit better mechanical properties and thermal conductivities than composites incorporating non-modified h-BN. These composites also show higher heat conduction along the stand-vertical direction, while simultaneously exhibiting a low dielectric constant and dielectric loss. This work therefore provides a possible strategy for the fabrication of thermal management polymers using 3D-printing methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Han Su
- Institute of Mechatronic Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Section 3, Zhongxiao East Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Section 2, Academia Road, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Cherng-Yuh Su
- Institute of Mechatronic Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Section 3, Zhongxiao East Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Additive Manufacturing Center for Mass Customization Production, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Section 3, Zhongxiao East Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ling Shih
- Institute of Mechatronic Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Section 3, Zhongxiao East Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Ting Lee
- Institute of Mechatronic Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Section 3, Zhongxiao East Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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9
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Ahmed N, Niaz B, Ahmed S, Javid MT, Ali M, Tariq M. Mechanically robust and highly elastic thermally induced shape memory polyurethane based composites for smart and sustainable robotic applications. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naveed Ahmed
- School of Packaging Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USA
- Department of Chemistry Hazara University Mansehra Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - Basit Niaz
- Department of Chemistry Hazara University Mansehra Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - Saad Ahmed
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry‐Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Biofuel, Biodiesel Laboratory of China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation, College of Chemical Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou People's Republic of China
| | | | - Muhammad Ali
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry‐Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Biofuel, Biodiesel Laboratory of China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation, College of Chemical Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Advanced Polymeric Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Muhammad Tariq
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry‐Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Biofuel, Biodiesel Laboratory of China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation, College of Chemical Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou People's Republic of China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Processes School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
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Thermal, Mechanical, and Morphological Characterisations of Graphene Nanoplatelet/Graphene Oxide/High-Hard-Segment Polyurethane Nanocomposite: A Comparative Study. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14194224. [PMID: 36236175 PMCID: PMC9572798 DOI: 10.3390/polym14194224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The current work investigates the effect of the addition of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) and graphene oxide (GO) to high hard-segment polyurethane (75% HS) on its thermal, morphological, and mechanical properties. Polyurethane (PU) and its nanocomposites were prepared with different ratios of GNP and GO (0.25, 0.5, and 0.75 wt.%). A thermal stability analysis demonstrated an enhancement in the thermal stability of PU with GNP and GO incorporated compared to pure PU. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) showed that both GNP and GO act as heterogeneous nucleation agents within a PU matrix, leading to an increase in the crystallinity of PU. The uniform dispersion and distribution of GNP and GO flakes in the PU matrix were confirmed by SEM and TEM. In terms of the mechanical properties of the PU nanocomposites, it was found that the interaction between PU and GO was better than that of GNP due to the functional groups on the GO's surface. This leads to a significant increase in tensile strength for 0.5 wt.% GNP and GO compared with pure PU. This can be attributed to interfacial interaction between the GO and PU chains, resulting in an improvement in stress transferring from the matrix to the filler and vice versa. This work sheds light on the understanding of the interactions between graphene-based fillers and their influence on the mechanical properties of PU nanocomposites.
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11
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Segregated Structure Copolymer of Vinylidene Fluoride and Tetrafluoroethylene Composites Filled with rGO, SWCNTs and Their Mixtures. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14194105. [PMID: 36236053 PMCID: PMC9570613 DOI: 10.3390/polym14194105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This work is devoted to the formation and study of polymer composites with a segregated structure filled with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and their mixtures. For the first time, polymer composites with a segregated structure filled with rGO/SWCNTs mixtures were obtained. A copolymer of vinylidene fluoride and tetrafluoroethylene (P(VDF-TFE)) was used as a polymer matrix. At a fixed value of the total mass fraction of carbon nanofillers (0.5, 1, and 1.5 wt%), the rGO/SWCNTs ratio was varied. The composites were examined using scanning electron microscopy, wide-range dielectric spectroscopy, and tested for the compression. The effect of the rGO/SWCNTs ratio on the electrical conductivity and mechanical properties of the composites was evaluated. It was shown that, with a decrease in the rGO/SWCNTs ratio, the electrical conductivity increased and reached the maximum at the 1 wt% filling, regardless of the samples’ composition. The maximum value of electrical conductivity from the entire data set was 12.2 S/m. The maximum of elastic modulus was 378.7 ± 3.5 MPa for the sample with 1 wt% SWCNTs, which is 14% higher than the P(VDF-TFE) elastic modulus. The composite filled with a mixture of 0.5 wt% rGO and 0.5 wt% SWCNTs reflected 70% of the electromagnetic wave energy from the front boundary, which is 14% and 50% more than for composites with 1 wt% SWCNTs and with 1 wt% rGO, respectively. The lowest transmission coefficient of ultra-high frequencies waves was obtained for a composite sample with a mixture of 0.5 wt% rGO and 0.5 wt% SWCNTs and amounted to less than 1% for a 2 mm thickness sample.
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12
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Albozahid M, Naji HZ, Alobad ZK, Wychowaniec JK, Saiani A. Synthesis and characterization of hard copolymer polyurethane/functionalized graphene nanocomposites: Investigation of morphology, thermal stability, and rheological properties. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Muayad Albozahid
- Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering University of Kufa Najaf Iraq
| | - Haneen Zuhair Naji
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering University of Babylon Hilla Iraq
| | - Zoalfokkar Kareem Alobad
- Department of Polymers Engineering and Petrochemical Industries, Faculty of Materials Engineering University of Babylon Hilla Iraq
| | - Jacek K. Wychowaniec
- School of Natural Sciences, Department of Materials University of Manchester Manchester UK
- Marie Curie Research Fellow AO Research Institute Davos Davos Switzerland
| | - Alberto Saiani
- School of Natural Sciences, Department of Materials University of Manchester Manchester UK
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13
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Zare Y, Rhee KY. An innovative model for conductivity of graphene-based system by networked nano-sheets, interphase and tunneling zone. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15179. [PMID: 36071132 PMCID: PMC9452680 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19479-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
This study presents a simple equation for the conductivity of graphene-filled nanocomposites by considering graphene size, amount of filler in the net, interphase deepness, tunneling size, and properties of the net. The amount of nanoparticles in the net is related to the percolation threshold and effective filler content. The novel model is analyzed using the measured conductivity of numerous examples and the factors' impacts on the conductivity. Both experienced data and parametric examinations verify the correctness of the novel model. Among the studied factors, filler amount and interphase deepness implicitly manage the conductivity from 0 to 7 S/m. It is explained that the interphase amount affects the operative quantity of nanofiller, percolation threshold, and amount of nets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Zare
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Interdisciplinary Technologies, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kyong Yop Rhee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (BK21 Four), College of Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea.
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14
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dos Anjos EGR, Marini J, Gomes NAS, Rezende MC, Passador FR. Synergistic effect of adding graphene nanoplates and carbon nanotubes in polycarbonate/acrylonitrile‐styrene‐butadiene copolymer blend. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Erick Gabriel Ribeiro dos Anjos
- Department of Science and Technology, Polymer and Biopolymer Technology Laboratory (TecPBio) Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP) São José dos Campos Brazil
| | - Juliano Marini
- Department of Materials Engineering Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) São Carlos Brazil
| | - Newton Adriano Santos Gomes
- Department of Science and Technology, Polymer and Biopolymer Technology Laboratory (TecPBio) Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP) São José dos Campos Brazil
| | - Mirabel Cerqueira Rezende
- Department of Science and Technology, Polymer and Biopolymer Technology Laboratory (TecPBio) Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP) São José dos Campos Brazil
| | - Fabio Roberto Passador
- Department of Science and Technology, Polymer and Biopolymer Technology Laboratory (TecPBio) Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP) São José dos Campos Brazil
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15
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Talapatra A, Datta D. A review of the mechanical, thermal and tribological properties of graphene reinforced polymer nanocomposites: a molecular dynamics simulations methods. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04216-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Zare Y, Rhee KY. Effect of contact resistance on the electrical conductivity of polymer graphene nanocomposites to optimize the biosensors detecting breast cancer cells. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5406. [PMID: 35354877 PMCID: PMC8967928 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09398-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
This study focuses on the contact regions among neighboring nanoparticles in polymer graphene nanocomposites by the extension of nanosheets. The resistance of graphene and the contact zones represent the total resistance of the prolonged nanosheets. Furthermore, the graphene size, interphase depth, and tunneling distance express the effective volume portion of graphene, while the onset of percolation affects the fraction of percolated nanosheets. Finally, a model is developed to investigate the conductivity of the samples using the graphene size, interphase depth, and tunneling size. In addition to the roles played by certain factors in conductivity, the experimental conductivity data for several samples confirm the conductivity predictions. Generally, the polymer sheet in tunnels determines the total resistance of the extended nanosheets because graphene ordinarily exhibits negligible resistance. In addition, a large tunnel positively accelerates the onset of percolation, but increases the tunneling resistance and attenuates the conductivity of the nanocomposite. Further, a thicker interphase and lower percolation threshold promote the conductivity of the system. The developed model can be applied to optimize the biosensors detecting the breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Zare
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Interdisciplinary Technologies, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kyong Yop Rhee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (BK21 Four), College of Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Zare Y, Rhee KY. Advanced model for conductivity estimation of graphene-based samples considering interphase effect, tunneling mechanism, and filler wettability. J IND ENG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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18
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Farzaneh A, Rostami A, Nazockdast H. Mono‐filler and bi‐filler composites based on thermoplastic polyurethane, carbon fibers and carbon nanotubes with improved physicomechanical and engineering properties. POLYM INT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.6314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arman Farzaneh
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology Amirkabir University of Technology Tehran Iran
| | - Amir Rostami
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Petroleum, Gas, and Petrochemical Engineering Persian Gulf University Bushehr 75169‐13817 Iran
| | - Hossein Nazockdast
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology Amirkabir University of Technology Tehran Iran
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19
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Zare Y, Rhee KY. Modification of advanced Takayanagi model for the modulus of nanoclay/polymer systems comprising the effectual networks of both nanoclay and interphase section. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Zare
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Interdisciplinary Technologies, Breast Cancer Research Center Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR Tehran Iran
| | - Kyong Yop Rhee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (BK21 four), College of Engineering Kyung Hee University Yongin Republic of Korea
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20
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Abumelha HM, Hameed A, Alkhamis KM, Alkabli J, Aljuhani E, Shah R, El-Metwaly NM. Development of Mechanically Reliable and Transparent Photochromic Film Using Solution Blowing Spinning Technology for Anti-Counterfeiting Applications. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:27315-27324. [PMID: 34693152 PMCID: PMC8529685 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Photochromic materials have attracted broad interest to enhance the anti-counterfeiting of commercial products. In order to develop anti-counterfeiting mechanically reliable composite materials, it is urgent to improve the engineering process of both the material and matrix. Herein, we report on the development of anti-counterfeiting mechanically reliable nanocomposites composed of rare-earth doped aluminate strontium oxide phosphor (RESA) nanoparticles (NPs) immobilized into the thermoplastic polyurethane-based nanofibrous film successfully fabricated via the simple solution blowing spinning technology. The generated photochromic film exhibits an ultraviolet-stimulated anti-counterfeiting property. Different films of different emissive properties were generated using different total contents of RESA. Transmission electron microscopy was utilized to investigate the morphological properties of RESA NPs to display a particle diameter of 3-17 nm. The morphologies, compositions, optical transmittance, and mechanical performance of the produced photochromic nanofibrous films were investigated. Several analytical methods were employed, including energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry. The fibrous diameter of RESA-TPU was in the range of 200-250 nm. In order to ensure the development of transparent RESA-TPU film, RESA must be prepared in the nanosized form to allow better dispersion without agglomeration in the TPU matrix. The luminescent RESA-TPU film displayed an absorbance intensity at 367 nm and two emission intensities at 431 and 517 nm. The generated RESA-TPU films showed an enhanced hydrophobicity without negatively influencing their original appearance and mechanical properties. Upon irradiation with ultraviolet light, the transparent nanofibrous films displayed rapid and reversible photochromism to greenish-yellow without fatigue. The produced anti-counterfeiting films demonstrated stretchable, flexible, and translucent properties. As a simple sort of anti-counterfeiting substrates, the current novel photochromic film provides excellent anti-counterfeiting strength at low-cost as an efficient method to develop versatile materials with high mechanical strength to create an excellent market as well as adding economic and social values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana M. Abumelha
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess
Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, 11671 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Hameed
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm-Al-Qura University, 00966 Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kholood M. Alkhamis
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, University
of Tabuk, Tabuk 47711, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jafar. Alkabli
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts-Alkamil, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 23218, Saudi Arabia
| | - Enas Aljuhani
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm-Al-Qura University, 00966 Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem Shah
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm-Al-Qura University, 00966 Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nashwa M. El-Metwaly
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm-Al-Qura University, 00966 Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura
University, El-Gomhoria
Street, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt
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21
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Al Faruque MA, Syduzzaman M, Sarkar J, Bilisik K, Naebe M. A Review on the Production Methods and Applications of Graphene-Based Materials. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:2414. [PMID: 34578730 PMCID: PMC8469961 DOI: 10.3390/nano11092414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Graphene-based materials in the form of fibres, fabrics, films, and composite materials are the most widely investigated research domains because of their remarkable physicochemical and thermomechanical properties. In this era of scientific advancement, graphene has built the foundation of a new horizon of possibilities and received tremendous research focus in several application areas such as aerospace, energy, transportation, healthcare, agriculture, wastewater management, and wearable technology. Although graphene has been found to provide exceptional results in every application field, a massive proportion of research is still underway to configure required parameters to ensure the best possible outcomes from graphene-based materials. Until now, several review articles have been published to summarise the excellence of graphene and its derivatives, which focused mainly on a single application area of graphene. However, no single review is found to comprehensively study most used fabrication processes of graphene-based materials including their diversified and potential application areas. To address this genuine gap and ensure wider support for the upcoming research and investigations of this excellent material, this review aims to provide a snapshot of most used fabrication methods of graphene-based materials in the form of pure and composite fibres, graphene-based composite materials conjugated with polymers, and fibres. This study also provides a clear perspective of large-scale production feasibility and application areas of graphene-based materials in all forms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Md Syduzzaman
- Nano/Micro Fiber Preform Design and Composite Laboratory, Department of Textile Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey; (M.S.); (K.B.)
- Department of Textile Engineering Management, Bangladesh University of Textiles, Dhaka 1208, Bangladesh
| | - Joy Sarkar
- Department of Textile Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Khulna 9203, Bangladesh;
| | - Kadir Bilisik
- Nano/Micro Fiber Preform Design and Composite Laboratory, Department of Textile Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey; (M.S.); (K.B.)
| | - Maryam Naebe
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia;
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22
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Effects of 3D Printing-Line Directions for Stretchable Sensor Performances. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14071791. [PMID: 33916372 PMCID: PMC8038555 DOI: 10.3390/ma14071791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Health monitoring sensors that are attached to clothing are a new trend of the times, especially stretchable sensors for human motion measurements or biological markers. However, price, durability, and performance always are major problems to be addressed and three-dimensional (3D) printing combined with conductive flexible materials (thermoplastic polyurethane) can be an optimal solution. Herein, we evaluate the effects of 3D printing-line directions (45°, 90°, 180°) on the sensor performances. Using fused filament fabrication (FDM) technology, the sensors are created with different print styles for specific purposes. We also discuss some main issues of the stretch sensors from Carbon Nanotube/Thermoplastic Polyurethane (CNT/TPU) and FDM. Our sensor achieves outstanding stability (10,000 cycles) and reliability, which are verified through repeated measurements. Its capability is demonstrated in a real application when detecting finger motion by a sensor-integrated into gloves. This paper is expected to bring contribution to the development of flexible conductive materials-based on 3D printing.
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23
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Palacios JK, Ben Fekih A, Yus Argon C, Irusta S, Jestin S, Dagréou S. Tailoring the rheology and electrical properties of polyamide 66 nanocomposites with hybrid filler approach: graphene and carbon nanotubes. POLYM INT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.6204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jordana K Palacios
- CNRS/Univ Pau & Pays Adour/E2S‐UPPA Institut Des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico‐Chimie Pour l'Environnement et les Materiaux (IPREM) Pau France
- R&D Materials Department Fundación Centro Tecnológico Miranda de Ebro (CTME) Burgos Spain
| | - Achraf Ben Fekih
- CNRS/Univ Pau & Pays Adour/E2S‐UPPA Institut Des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico‐Chimie Pour l'Environnement et les Materiaux (IPREM) Pau France
| | - Cristina Yus Argon
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA) CSIC – Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza Spain
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of Zaragoza Zaragoza Spain
| | - Silvia Irusta
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA) CSIC – Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza Spain
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of Zaragoza Zaragoza Spain
| | - Simon Jestin
- CANOE/Le Centre Technologique Nouvelle‐Aquitaine Composites et Matériaux Avancés Pessac France
| | - Sylvie Dagréou
- CNRS/Univ Pau & Pays Adour/E2S‐UPPA Institut Des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico‐Chimie Pour l'Environnement et les Materiaux (IPREM) Pau France
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24
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Dai Z, Jiang P, Zhang P, Wai PT, Bao Y, Gao X, Xia J, Haryono A. Multiwalled carbon nanotubes/castor‐oil–based waterborne polyurethane nanocomposite prepared using a solvent‐free method. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuding Dai
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education Jiangnan University Wuxi China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biomass Conversion Technology, School of Chemical and Material Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Pingping Jiang
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education Jiangnan University Wuxi China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biomass Conversion Technology, School of Chemical and Material Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Pingbo Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education Jiangnan University Wuxi China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biomass Conversion Technology, School of Chemical and Material Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Phyu T. Wai
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education Jiangnan University Wuxi China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biomass Conversion Technology, School of Chemical and Material Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Yanmin Bao
- Jiangsu Caihua Packaging Group Company Kunshan China
| | - Xuewen Gao
- Jiangsu Caihua Packaging Group Company Kunshan China
| | - Jialiang Xia
- Jiangsu Caihua Packaging Group Company Kunshan China
| | - Agus Haryono
- Research Center for Chemistry Indonesian Institute of Sciences Serpong Indonesia
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25
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Bonetti L, Fiorati A, Serafini A, Masotti G, Tana F, D'Agostino A, Draghi L, Altomare L, Chiesa R, Farè S, Bianchi M, Rizzi LG, De Nardo L. Graphene nanoplatelets composite membranes for thermal comfort enhancement in performance textiles. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Bonetti
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta” Politecnico di Milano Milan Italy
| | - Andrea Fiorati
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta” Politecnico di Milano Milan Italy
- INSTM ‐ Local Unit Politecnico di Milano Milan Italy
| | - Andrea Serafini
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta” Politecnico di Milano Milan Italy
| | - Guido Masotti
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta” Politecnico di Milano Milan Italy
- Directa Plus S.p.A. c/o ComoNExT ‐ Science and Technology Park Lomazzo Italy
| | - Francesca Tana
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta” Politecnico di Milano Milan Italy
| | - Agnese D'Agostino
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta” Politecnico di Milano Milan Italy
| | - Lorenza Draghi
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta” Politecnico di Milano Milan Italy
- INSTM ‐ Local Unit Politecnico di Milano Milan Italy
| | - Lina Altomare
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta” Politecnico di Milano Milan Italy
- INSTM ‐ Local Unit Politecnico di Milano Milan Italy
| | - Roberto Chiesa
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta” Politecnico di Milano Milan Italy
- INSTM ‐ Local Unit Politecnico di Milano Milan Italy
| | - Silvia Farè
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta” Politecnico di Milano Milan Italy
- INSTM ‐ Local Unit Politecnico di Milano Milan Italy
| | | | - Laura Giorgia Rizzi
- Directa Plus S.p.A. c/o ComoNExT ‐ Science and Technology Park Lomazzo Italy
| | - Luigi De Nardo
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta” Politecnico di Milano Milan Italy
- INSTM ‐ Local Unit Politecnico di Milano Milan Italy
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26
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Zare Y, Rhee KY. Analysis of the Connecting Effectiveness of the Interphase Zone on the Tensile Properties of Carbon Nanotubes (CNT) Reinforced Nanocomposite. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E896. [PMID: 32295017 PMCID: PMC7240721 DOI: 10.3390/polym12040896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The establishment of interphase region around nanoparticles accelerates the percolating of carbon nanotubes (CNT) in polymer nanocomposites reinforced with CNT (PCNT), due to the linking productivity of interphase district before the physical connecting of nanoparticles. Therefore, the interphase is an important character in the networks of CNT in PCNT. Here, a simulation study is presented to investigate the interphase connection in the mechanical possessions of PCNT including tensile modulus and strength. A number of models comprising Takayanagi, Ouali, Pukanszky and Callister are developed by the assumption of an interphase district in the CNT excluded volume. The advanced models depict the optimistic influences of reedy and lengthy CNT besides dense interphase on the stiffness and tensile power of nanocomposites. The Pukanszky calculations depict that the interphase strength plays a more noteworthy role in the nanocomposites strength compared to the CNT length.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kyong Yop Rhee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea;
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27
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Zare Y, Rhee KY. Effects of carbon nanotubes and interphase properties on the interfacial conductivity and electrical conductivity of polymer nanocomposites. POLYM INT 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Zare
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of EngineeringKyung Hee University Yongin Republic of Korea
| | - Kyong Yop Rhee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of EngineeringKyung Hee University Yongin Republic of Korea
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28
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Zare Y, Rhee KY. Development of Expanded Takayanagi Model for Tensile Modulus of Carbon Nanotubes Reinforced Nanocomposites Assuming Interphase Regions Surrounding the Dispersed and Networked Nanoparticles. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E233. [PMID: 31963579 PMCID: PMC7023596 DOI: 10.3390/polym12010233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we consider the interphase regions surrounding the dispersed and networked carbon nanotubes (CNT) to develop and simplify the expanded Takayanagi model for tensile modulus of polymer CNT nanocomposites (PCNT). The moduli and volume fractions of dispersed and networked CNT and the surrounding interphase regions are considered. Since the modulus of interphase region around the dispersed CNT insignificantly changes the modulus of nanocomposites, this parameter is removed from the developed model. The developed model shows acceptable agreement with the experimental results of several samples. "ER" as nanocomposite modulus per the modulus of neat matrix changes from 1.4 to 7.7 at dissimilar levels of "f" (CNT fraction in the network) and network modulus. Moreover, the lowest relative modulus of 2.2 is observed at the smallest levels of interphase volume fraction ( ϕ i < 0.017), while the highest " ϕ i " as 0.07 obtains the highest relative modulus of 11.8. Also, the variation of CNT size (radius and length) significantly changes the relative modulus from 2 to 20.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kyong Yop Rhee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea;
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Zare Y, Rhee KY. Simulation of Percolation Threshold, Tunneling Distance, and Conductivity for Carbon Nanotube (CNT)-Reinforced Nanocomposites Assuming Effective CNT Concentration. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E114. [PMID: 31948024 PMCID: PMC7022286 DOI: 10.3390/polym12010114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This article suggests simple and new equations for the percolation threshold of nanoparticles, the tunneling distance between nanoparticles, and the tunneling conductivity of polymer carbon nanotubes (CNTs) nanocomposites (PCNT), assuming an effective filler concentration. The developed equations correlate the conductivity, tunneling distance, and percolation threshold to CNT waviness, interphase thickness, CNT dimensions, and CNT concentration. The developed model for conductivity is applied for some samples and the predictions are evaluated by experimental measurements. In addition, the impacts of various parameters on the mentioned terms are discussed to confirm the developed equations. Comparisons between the calculations and the experimental results demonstrate the validity of the developed model for tunneling conductivity. High levels of CNT concentration, CNT length, and interphase thickness, as well as the straightness and thinness of CNTs increase the nanocomposite conductivity. The developed formulations can substitute for the conventional equations for determining the conductivity and percolation threshold in CNT-reinforced nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kyong Yop Rhee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea;
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Zare Y, Rhee KY. Modeling the effect of interfacial conductivity between polymer matrix and carbon nanotubes on the electrical conductivity of nanocomposites. RSC Adv 2019; 10:424-433. [PMID: 35492511 PMCID: PMC9047612 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra08220d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This article presents the role of interfacial conductivity between the polymer matrix and nanoparticles in the electrical conductivity of polymer carbon nanotube (CNT) nanocomposites (PCNT) by simple equations. In this methodology, CNT size, CNT conductivity, CNT waviness and interfacial conductivity express the effective length and effective concentration of CNT in PCNT. Additionally, the percolation threshold and the percentages of CNT in the conductive networks are defined by the above mentioned terms. Finally, a simple model is developed to suggest the electrical conductivity of PCNT by CNT dimensions, CNT conductivity, CNT waviness, interphase thickness, interfacial conductivity and tunneling distance. The developed model is applied to show the roles of all parameters in the conductivity. Also, the experimental levels of percolation threshold and conductivity for several samples are compared to the predictions to validate the developed equations. The interfacial conductivity directly controls the electrical conductivity of nanocomposites. In addition, thick interphase, low waviness and short tunneling distance increase the conductivity. Moreover, the predictions show good agreement with the experimental measurements, providing evidence in support of the developed equations. This article presents the role of interfacial conductivity between the polymer matrix and nanoparticles in the electrical conductivity of polymer carbon nanotube (CNT) nanocomposites (PCNT) by simple equations.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Zare
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Kyung Hee University Giheung Yongin Gyeonggi 446-701 Republic of Korea +82 31 202 6693 +82 31 201 2565
| | - Kyong Yop Rhee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Kyung Hee University Giheung Yongin Gyeonggi 446-701 Republic of Korea +82 31 202 6693 +82 31 201 2565
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