1
|
Leach BI, Lister D, Adams SR, Bykowski J, Schwartz AB, McConville P, Dimant H, Ahrens ET. Cryo-Fluorescence Tomography as a Tool for Visualizing Whole-Body Inflammation Using Perfluorocarbon Nanoemulsion Tracers. Mol Imaging Biol 2024; 26:888-898. [PMID: 39023693 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-024-01926-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE We explore the use of intravenously delivered fluorescent perfluorocarbon (PFC) nanoemulsion tracers and multi-spectral cryo-fluorescence tomography (CFT) for whole-body tracer imaging in murine inflammation models. CFT is an emerging technique that provides high-resolution, three-dimensional mapping of probe localization in intact animals and tissue samples, enabling unbiased validation of probe biodistribution and minimizes reliance on laborious histological methods employing discrete tissue panels, where disseminated populations of PFC-labeled cells may be overlooked. This methodology can be used to streamline the development of new generations of non-invasive, cellular-molecular imaging probes for in vivo imaging. PROCEDURES Mixtures of nanoemulsions with different fluorescent emission wavelengths were administered intravenously to naïve mice and models of acute inflammation, colitis, and solid tumor. Mice were euthanized 24 h post-injection, frozen en bloc, and imaged at high resolution (~ 50 µm voxels) using CFT at multiple wavelengths. RESULTS PFC nanoemulsions were visualized using CFT within tissues of the reticuloendothelial system and inflammatory lesions, consistent with immune cell (macrophage) labeling, as previously reported in in vivo magnetic resonance and nuclear imaging studies. The CFT signals show pronounced differences among fluorescence wavelengths and tissues, presumably due to autofluorescence, differential fluorescence quenching, and scattering of incident and emitted light. CONCLUSIONS CFT is an effective and complementary methodology to in vivo imaging for validating PFC nanoemulsion biodistribution at high spatial localization, bridging the resolution gap between in vivo imaging and histology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin I Leach
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | | | - Stephen R Adams
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Julie Bykowski
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Amy B Schwartz
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | | | | | - Eric T Ahrens
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Schelde K, Rosenjack J, Sonneborn C, Jafri A, Kavran M, Brumbaugh S, Rietsch A, Darrah RJ, Hodges CA, Flask CA, Kelley TJ, Drumm ML. A minimally invasive bronchoscopic approach for direct delivery to murine airways and application to models of pulmonary infection. Lab Anim 2023; 57:611-622. [PMID: 37382374 PMCID: PMC10693731 DOI: 10.1177/00236772231175553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
The laboratory mouse is used extensively for human disease modeling and preclinical therapeutic testing for efficacy, biodistribution, and toxicity. The variety of murine models available, and the ability to create new ones, eclipses all other species, but the size of mice and their organs create challenges for many in vivo studies. For pulmonary research, improved methods to access murine airways and lungs, and track substances administered to them, would be desirable. A nonsurgical endoscopic system with a camera, effectively a bronchoscope, coupled with a cryoimaging fluorescence microscopy technique to view the lungs in 3D, is described here that allows visualization of the procedure, including the anatomical location at which substances are instilled and fluorescence detection of those substances. We have applied it to bacterial infection studies to characterize better and optimize a chronic lung infection murine model in which we instill bacteria-laden agarose beads into the airways and lungs to extend the duration of the infection and inflammation. The use of the endoscope as guidance for placing a catheter into the airways is simple and quick, requiring only momentary sedation, and reduces post-procedural mortality compared with our previous instillation method that includes a trans-tracheal surgery. The endoscopic method improves speed and precision of delivery while reducing the stress on animals and the number of animals generated and used for experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Schelde
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, USA
| | - Julie Rosenjack
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, USA
| | - Claire Sonneborn
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, USA
| | - Anjum Jafri
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, USA
| | - Michael Kavran
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, USA
| | | | - Arne Rietsch
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University, USA
| | - Rebecca J Darrah
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, USA
| | - Craig A Hodges
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, USA
| | | | - Thomas J Kelley
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, USA
| | - Mitchell L Drumm
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Karthik S, Joseph J, Jayakumar J, Manoj R, Shetty M, Bota M, Verma R, Mitra P, Sivaprakasam M. Wide field block face imaging using deep ultraviolet induced autofluorescence of the human brain. J Neurosci Methods 2023; 397:109921. [PMID: 37459898 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2023.109921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Imaging large volume human brains at cellular resolution involve histological methods that cause structural changes. A reference point prior to sectioning is needed to quantify these changes and is achieved by serial block face imaging (BFI) methods that have been applied to small volume tissue (∼1 cm3). NEW METHOD We have developed a BFI uniquely designed for large volume tissues (∼1300 cm3) with a very large field of view (20 × 20 cm) at a resolution of 70 µm/pixel under deep ultraviolet (UV-C) illumination which highlights key features. RESULTS The UV-C imaging ensures high contrast imaging of the brain tissue and highlights salient features of the brain. The system is designed to provide uniform and stable illumination across the entire surface area of the tissue and to work at low temperatures, which are required during cryosectioning. Most importantly, it has been designed to maintain its optical focus over the large depth of tissue and over long periods of time, without readjustments. The BFI was installed within a cryomacrotome, and was used to image a large cryoblock of an adult human cerebellum and brainstem (∼6 cm depth resulting in 2995 serial images) with precise optical focus and no loss during continuous serial acquisition. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHOD(S) The deep UV-C induced BFI highlights several large fibre tracts within the brain including the cerebellar peduncles, and the corticospinal tract providing important advantage over white light BFI. CONCLUSIONS The 3D reconstructed serial BFI images can assist in the registration and alignment of the microscopic high-resolution histological tissue sections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasa Karthik
- Healthcare Technology Innovation Centre, No. 1, 5th Floor, 'C' Block, Phase-II, IIT Madras Research Park, Kanagam Road, Taramani, Chennai 600113, India; Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, IIT P.O., Chennai 600036, India.
| | - Jayaraj Joseph
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, IIT P.O., Chennai 600036, India
| | - Jaikishan Jayakumar
- Sudha Gopalakrishnan Brain Centre (SGBC), Indian Institute of Technology Madras, NAC Building 1, Stilt Floor, IIT P.O., Chennai 600036, India; Center for Computational Brain Research, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, IIT P.O., Chennai 600036, India
| | - Rahul Manoj
- Healthcare Technology Innovation Centre, No. 1, 5th Floor, 'C' Block, Phase-II, IIT Madras Research Park, Kanagam Road, Taramani, Chennai 600113, India; Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, IIT P.O., Chennai 600036, India
| | - Mahesh Shetty
- Sudha Gopalakrishnan Brain Centre (SGBC), Indian Institute of Technology Madras, NAC Building 1, Stilt Floor, IIT P.O., Chennai 600036, India
| | - Mihail Bota
- Sudha Gopalakrishnan Brain Centre (SGBC), Indian Institute of Technology Madras, NAC Building 1, Stilt Floor, IIT P.O., Chennai 600036, India
| | - Richa Verma
- Sudha Gopalakrishnan Brain Centre (SGBC), Indian Institute of Technology Madras, NAC Building 1, Stilt Floor, IIT P.O., Chennai 600036, India
| | - Partha Mitra
- Center for Computational Brain Research, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, IIT P.O., Chennai 600036, India; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1, Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724, United States
| | - Mohanasankar Sivaprakasam
- Healthcare Technology Innovation Centre, No. 1, 5th Floor, 'C' Block, Phase-II, IIT Madras Research Park, Kanagam Road, Taramani, Chennai 600113, India; Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, IIT P.O., Chennai 600036, India; Sudha Gopalakrishnan Brain Centre (SGBC), Indian Institute of Technology Madras, NAC Building 1, Stilt Floor, IIT P.O., Chennai 600036, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wuttisarnwattana P, Eck BL, Gargesha M, Wilson DL. Optimal slice thickness for improved accuracy of quantitative analysis of fluorescent cell and microsphere distribution in cryo-images. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10907. [PMID: 37407807 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37927-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryo-imaging has been effectively used to study the biodistribution of fluorescent cells or microspheres in animal models. Sequential slice-by-slice fluorescent imaging enables detection of fluorescent cells or microspheres for corresponding quantification of their distribution in tissue. However, if slices are too thin, there will be data overload and excessive scan times. If slices are too thick, then cells can be missed. In this study, we developed a model for detection of fluorescent cells or microspheres to aid optimal slice thickness determination. Key factors include: section thickness (X), fluorescent cell intensity (Ifluo), effective tissue attenuation coefficient (μT), and a detection threshold (T). The model suggests an optimal slice thickness value that provides near-ideal sensitivity while minimizing scan time. The model also suggests a correction method to compensate for missed cells in the case that image data were acquired with overly large slice thickness. This approach allows cryo-imaging operators to use larger slice thickness to expedite the scan time without significant loss of cell count. We validated the model using real data from two independent studies: fluorescent microspheres in a pig heart and fluorescently labeled stem cells in a mouse model. Results show that slice thickness and detection sensitivity relationships from simulations and real data were well-matched with 99% correlation and 2% root-mean-square (RMS) error. We also discussed the detection characteristics in situations where key assumptions of the model were not met such as fluorescence intensity variation and spatial distribution. Finally, we show that with proper settings, cryo-imaging can provide accurate quantification of the fluorescent cell biodistribution with remarkably high recovery ratios (number of detections/delivery). As cryo-imaging technology has been used in many biological applications, our optimal slice thickness determination and data correction methods can play a crucial role in further advancing its usability and reliability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patiwet Wuttisarnwattana
- Biomedical Engineering Institute, Department of Computer Engineering, Excellence Center in Infrastructure Technology and Transportation Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
| | - Brendan L Eck
- Imaging Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | | | - David L Wilson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wuttisarnwattana P, Auephanwiriyakul S. Spleen Tissue Segmentation Algorithm for Cryo-Imaging Data. J Digit Imaging 2023; 36:588-602. [PMID: 36441277 PMCID: PMC10039202 DOI: 10.1007/s10278-022-00736-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Spleen tissue segmentation is an essential process for analyzing various immunological diseases as observed in the cryo-imaging data. Because manual labeling of the spleen tissue by human experts is not efficient, an automatic segmentation algorithm is needed. In this study, we developed a novel algorithm for automatically segmenting spleen substructures including white pulp and red pulp for the first time. The algorithm is designed for datasets created by a cryo-imaging system. This unique technology can effectively enable cellular tracking anywhere in the whole mouse with single-cell sensitivity. The proposed algorithm consists of four components: initial spleen mask creation, feature extraction, Supervised Patch-based Fuzzy c-Mean (spFCM) classification, and post-processing. The algorithm accurately and efficiently labeled spleen tissues in all experiment settings. The algorithm also improved the spleen segmentation throughput by 90 folds as compared to the manual segmentation. Moreover, we show that our novel spFCM algorithm outperformed traditional fast-learning classifiers as well as the U-Net deep-learning model in many aspects. Two major contributions of this paper are (1) an explainable algorithm for segmenting spleen tissues in cryo-images for the first time and (2) an spFCM algorithm as a new classifier. We also discussed that our work can be beneficial to researchers who work not only in the fields of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) mouse models, but also in that of other immunological disease models where spleen analysis is essential. Future work building upon our research may lay the foundations for biomedical studies that utilize cryo-imaging technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patiwet Wuttisarnwattana
- Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50300, Thailand.
- Optimization Theory and Applications for Engineering Systems Research Group (OASYS), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50300, Thailand.
- Excellence Center in Infrastructure Technology and Transportation Engineering (ExCITE), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50300, Thailand.
- Biomedical Engineering Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50300, Thailand.
| | - Sansanee Auephanwiriyakul
- Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50300, Thailand.
- Excellence Center in Infrastructure Technology and Transportation Engineering (ExCITE), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50300, Thailand.
- Biomedical Engineering Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50300, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Vega JD, Hara D, Schmidt RM, Abuhaija MB, Tao W, Dogan N, Pollack A, Ford JC, Shi J. In vivo active-targeting fluorescence molecular imaging with adaptive background fluorescence subtraction. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1130155. [PMID: 36998445 PMCID: PMC10043309 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1130155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Using active tumor-targeting nanoparticles, fluorescence imaging can provide highly sensitive and specific tumor detection, and precisely guide radiation in translational radiotherapy study. However, the inevitable presence of non-specific nanoparticle uptake throughout the body can result in high levels of heterogeneous background fluorescence, which limits the detection sensitivity of fluorescence imaging and further complicates the early detection of small cancers. In this study, background fluorescence emanating from the baseline fluorophores was estimated from the distribution of excitation light transmitting through tissues, by using linear mean square error estimation. An adaptive masked-based background subtraction strategy was then implemented to selectively refine the background fluorescence subtraction. First, an in vivo experiment was performed on a mouse intratumorally injected with passively targeted fluorescent nanoparticles, to validate the reliability and robustness of the proposed method in a stringent situation wherein the target fluorescence was overlapped with the strong background. Then, we conducted in vivo studies on 10 mice which were inoculated with orthotopic breast tumors and intravenously injected with actively targeted fluorescent nanoparticles. Results demonstrated that active targeting combined with the proposed background subtraction method synergistically increased the accuracy of fluorescence molecular imaging, affording sensitive tumor detection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge D. Vega
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States
| | - Daiki Hara
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States
| | - Ryder M. Schmidt
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States
| | - Marwan B. Abuhaija
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States
| | - Wensi Tao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Nesrin Dogan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States
| | - Alan Pollack
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - John C. Ford
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States
- *Correspondence: John C. Ford, ; Junwei Shi,
| | - Junwei Shi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
- *Correspondence: John C. Ford, ; Junwei Shi,
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wuttisarnwattana P, Eid S, Wilson DL, Cooke KR. Assessment of therapeutic role of mesenchymal stromal cells in mouse models of graft-versus-host disease using cryo-imaging. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1698. [PMID: 36717650 PMCID: PMC9886911 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28478-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Insights regarding the biodistribution and homing of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), as well as their interaction with alloreactive T-cells are critical for understanding how MSCs can regulate graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) following allogeneic (allo) bone marrow transplantation (BMT). We developed novel assays based on 3D, microscopic, cryo-imaging of whole-mouse-sized volumes to assess the therapeutic potential of human MSCs using an established mouse GVHD model. Following infusion, we quantitatively tracked fluorescently labeled, donor-derived, T-cells and third party MSCs in BMT recipients using multispectral cryo-imaging. Specific MSC homing sites were identified in the marginal zones in the spleen and the lymph nodes, where we believe MSC immunomodulation takes place. The number of MSCs found in spleen of the allo BMT recipients was about 200% more than that observed in the syngeneic group. To more carefully define the effects MSCs had on T cell activation and expansion, we developed novel T-cell proliferation assays including secondary lymphoid organ (SLO) enlargement and Carboxyfluoescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) dilution. As anticipated, significant SLO volume enlargement and CFSE dilution was observed in allo but not syn BMT recipients due to rapid proliferation and expansion of labeled T-cells. MSC treatment markedly attenuated CFSE dilution and volume enlargement of SLO. These assays confirm evidence of potent, in vivo, immunomodulatory properties of MSC following allo BMT. Our innovative platform includes novel methods for tracking cells of interest as well as assessing therapeutic function of MSCs during GVHD induction. Our results support the use of MSCs treatment or prevention of GVHD and illuminate the wider adoption of MSCs as a standard medicinal cell therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patiwet Wuttisarnwattana
- Optimization Theory and Applications for Engineering Systems Research Group, Department of Computer Engineering, Excellence Center in Infrastructure Technology and Transportation Engineering, Biomedical Engineering Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
| | - Saada Eid
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - David L Wilson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Kenneth R Cooke
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins Hospital, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liu Y, Gargesha M, Scott B, Tchilibou Wane AO, Wilson DL. Deep learning multi-organ segmentation for whole mouse cryo-images including a comparison of 2D and 3D deep networks. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15161. [PMID: 36071089 PMCID: PMC9452525 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19037-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryo-imaging provided 3D whole-mouse microscopic color anatomy and fluorescence images that enables biotechnology applications (e.g., stem cells and metastatic cancer). In this report, we compared three methods of organ segmentation: 2D U-Net with 2D-slices and 3D U-Net with either 3D-whole-mouse or 3D-patches. We evaluated the brain, thymus, lung, heart, liver, stomach, spleen, left and right kidney, and bladder. Training with 63 mice, 2D-slices had the best performance, with median Dice scores of > 0.9 and median Hausdorff distances of < 1.2 mm in eightfold cross validation for all organs, except bladder, which is a problem organ due to variable filling and poor contrast. Results were comparable to those for a second analyst on the same data. Regression analyses were performed to fit learning curves, which showed that 2D-slices can succeed with fewer samples. Review and editing of 2D-slices segmentation results reduced human operator time from ~ 2-h to ~ 25-min, with reduced inter-observer variability. As demonstrations, we used organ segmentation to evaluate size changes in liver disease and to quantify the distribution of therapeutic mesenchymal stem cells in organs. With a 48-GB GPU, we determined that extra GPU RAM improved the performance of 3D deep learning because we could train at a higher resolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiqiao Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | | | - Bryan Scott
- BioInVision Inc, Suite E 781 Beta Drive, Cleveland, OH, 44143, USA
| | - Arthure Olivia Tchilibou Wane
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - David L Wilson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA. .,BioInVision Inc, Suite E 781 Beta Drive, Cleveland, OH, 44143, USA. .,Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Deng L, Chen J, Li Y, Han Y, Fan G, Yang J, Cao D, Lu B, Ning K, Nie S, Zhang Z, Shen D, Zhang Y, Fu W, Wang WE, Wan Y, Li S, Feng YQ, Luo Q, Yuan J. Cryo-fluorescence micro-optical sectioning tomography for volumetric imaging of various whole organs with subcellular resolution. iScience 2022; 25:104805. [PMID: 35992061 PMCID: PMC9389242 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical visualization of complex microstructures in the entire organ is essential for biomedical research. However, the existing methods fail to accurately acquire the detailed microstructures of whole organs with good morphological and biochemical preservation. This study proposes a cryo-fluorescence micro-optical sectioning tomography (cryo-fMOST) to image whole organs in three dimensions (3D) with submicron resolution. The system comprises a line-illumination microscope module, cryo-microtome, three-stage refrigeration module, and heat insulation device. To demonstrate the imaging capacity and wide applicability of the system, we imaged and reconstructed various organs of mice in 3D, including the healthy tongue, kidney, and brain, as well as the infarcted heart. More importantly, imaged brain slices were performed sugar phosphates determination and fluorescence in situ hybridization imaging to verify the compatibility of multi-omics measurements. The results demonstrated that cryo-fMOST is capable of acquiring high-resolution morphological details of various whole organs and may be potentially useful for spatial multi-omics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Deng
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jianwei Chen
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yafeng Li
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yutong Han
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Guoqing Fan
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Dongjian Cao
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Bolin Lu
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Kefu Ning
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shuo Nie
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zoutao Zhang
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Dan Shen
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yunfei Zhang
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wenbin Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Wei Eric Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Ying Wan
- Biomedical Analysis Center, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Cytomics, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Sha Li
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yu-Qi Feng
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Qingming Luo
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, JITRI Institute for Brainsmatics, Suzhou, 215123, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Foo W, Wiede A, Bierwirth S, Heintzmann R, Press AT, Hauswald W. Automated multicolor mesoscopic imaging for the 3-dimensional reconstruction of fluorescent biomarker distribution in large tissue specimens. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 13:3723-3742. [PMID: 35991909 PMCID: PMC9352298 DOI: 10.1364/boe.455215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Research in translational medicine often requires high-resolution characterization techniques to visualize or quantify the fluorescent probes. For example, drug delivery systems contain fluorescent molecules enabling in vitro and in vivo tracing to determine biodistribution or plasma disappearance. Albeit fluorescence imaging systems with sufficient resolution exist, the sample preparation is typically too complex to image a whole organism of the size of a mouse. This article established a mesoscopic imaging technique utilizing a commercially available cryo-microtome and an in-house built episcopic imaging add-on to perform imaging during serial sectioning. Here we demonstrate that our automated red, green, blue (RGB) and fluorescence mesoscope can generate sequential block-face and 3-dimensional anatomical images at variable thickness with high quality of 6 µm × 6 µm pixel size. In addition, this mesoscope features a numerical aperture of 0.10 and a field-of-view of up to 21.6 mm × 27 mm × 25 mm (width, height, depth).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wanling Foo
- Jena University Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Alexander Wiede
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), a Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance Leibniz Health Technology, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Jena University Hospital, Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Sebastian Bierwirth
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), a Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance Leibniz Health Technology, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Rainer Heintzmann
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), a Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance Leibniz Health Technology, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Friedrich-Schiller-University, Institut für Physikalische Chemie and Abbe Center of Photonics, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Adrian T Press
- Jena University Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
- Jena University Hospital, Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Kastanienstraße 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
- Contributed equally
| | - Walter Hauswald
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), a Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance Leibniz Health Technology, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Contributed equally
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kolluru C, Todd A, Upadhye AR, Liu Y, Berezin MY, Fereidouni F, Levenson RM, Wang Y, Shoffstall AJ, Jenkins MW, Wilson DL. Imaging peripheral nerve micro-anatomy with MUSE, 2D and 3D approaches. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10205. [PMID: 35715554 PMCID: PMC9205958 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14166-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding peripheral nerve micro-anatomy can assist in the development of safe and effective neuromodulation devices. However, current approaches for imaging nerve morphology at the fiber level are either cumbersome, require substantial instrumentation, have a limited volume of view, or are limited in resolution/contrast. We present alternative methods based on MUSE (Microscopy with Ultraviolet Surface Excitation) imaging to investigate peripheral nerve morphology, both in 2D and 3D. For 2D imaging, fixed samples are imaged on a conventional MUSE system either label free (via auto-fluorescence) or after staining with fluorescent dyes. This method provides a simple and rapid technique to visualize myelinated nerve fibers at specific locations along the length of the nerve and perform measurements of fiber morphology (e.g., axon diameter and g-ratio). For 3D imaging, a whole-mount staining and MUSE block-face imaging method is developed that can be used to characterize peripheral nerve micro-anatomy and improve the accuracy of computational models in neuromodulation. Images of rat sciatic and human cadaver tibial nerves are presented, illustrating the applicability of the method in different preclinical models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaitanya Kolluru
- grid.67105.350000 0001 2164 3847Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
| | - Austin Todd
- grid.267309.90000 0001 0629 5880University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA
| | - Aniruddha R. Upadhye
- grid.67105.350000 0001 2164 3847Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA ,grid.410349.b0000 0004 5912 6484APT Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
| | - Yehe Liu
- grid.67105.350000 0001 2164 3847Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
| | - Mikhail Y. Berezin
- grid.4367.60000 0001 2355 7002Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
| | - Farzad Fereidouni
- grid.416958.70000 0004 0413 7653Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - Richard M. Levenson
- grid.416958.70000 0004 0413 7653Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - Yanming Wang
- grid.67105.350000 0001 2164 3847Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
| | - Andrew J. Shoffstall
- grid.67105.350000 0001 2164 3847Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA ,grid.410349.b0000 0004 5912 6484APT Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
| | - Michael W. Jenkins
- grid.67105.350000 0001 2164 3847Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA ,grid.67105.350000 0001 2164 3847Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
| | - David L. Wilson
- grid.67105.350000 0001 2164 3847Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA ,grid.67105.350000 0001 2164 3847Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Azkue JJ. True‐color
3D
rendering of human anatomy using surface‐guided color sampling from cadaver cryosection image data: A practical approach. J Anat 2022; 241:552-564. [PMID: 35224742 PMCID: PMC9296043 DOI: 10.1111/joa.13647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jon Jatsu Azkue
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine and Nursery University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU Leioa Spain
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Quantitative analysis of metastatic breast cancer in mice using deep learning on cryo-image data. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17527. [PMID: 34471169 PMCID: PMC8410829 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96838-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryo-imaging sections and images a whole mouse and provides ~ 120-GBytes of microscopic 3D color anatomy and fluorescence images, making fully manual analysis of metastases an onerous task. A convolutional neural network (CNN)-based metastases segmentation algorithm included three steps: candidate segmentation, candidate classification, and semi-automatic correction of the classification result. The candidate segmentation generated > 5000 candidates in each of the breast cancer-bearing mice. Random forest classifier with multi-scale CNN features and hand-crafted intensity and morphology features achieved 0.8645 ± 0.0858, 0.9738 ± 0.0074, and 0.9709 ± 0.0182 sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC), with fourfold cross validation. Classification results guided manual correction by an expert with our in-house MATLAB software. Finally, 225, 148, 165, and 344 metastases were identified in the four cancer mice. With CNN-based segmentation, the human intervention time was reduced from > 12 to ~ 2 h. We demonstrated that 4T1 breast cancer metastases spread to the lung, liver, bone, and brain. Assessing the size and distribution of metastases proves the usefulness and robustness of cryo-imaging and our software for evaluating new cancer imaging and therapeutics technologies. Application of the method with only minor modification to a pancreatic metastatic cancer model demonstrated generalizability to other tumor models.
Collapse
|
14
|
Metheny L, Eid S, Wuttisarnwattana P, Auletta JJ, Liu C, Van Dervort A, Paez C, Lee Z, Wilson D, Lazarus HM, Deans R, Vant Hof W, Ktena Y, Cooke KR. Human multipotent adult progenitor cells effectively reduce graft-vs-host disease while preserving graft-vs-leukemia activity. STEM CELLS (DAYTON, OHIO) 2021; 39:1506-1519. [PMID: 34255899 PMCID: PMC8596993 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Graft‐vs‐host disease (GvHD) limits successful outcomes following allogeneic blood and marrow transplantation (allo‐BMT). We examined whether the administration of human, bone marrow‐derived, multipotent adult progenitor cells (MAPCs™) could regulate experimental GvHD. The immunoregulatory capacity of MAPC cells was evaluated in vivo using established murine GvHD models. Injection of MAPC cells on day +1 (D1) and +4 (D4) significantly reduced T‐cell expansion and the numbers of donor‐derived, Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNFα) and Interferon Gamma (IFNγ)‐producing, CD4+ and CD8+ cells by D10 compared with untreated controls. These findings were associated with reductions in serum levels of TNFα and IFNγ, intestinal and hepatic inflammation and systemic GvHD as measured by survival and clinical score. Biodistribution studies showed that MAPC cells tracked from the lung and to the liver, spleen, and mesenteric nodes within 24 hours after injection. MAPC cells inhibited mouse T‐cell proliferation in vitro and this effect was associated with reduced T‐cell activation and inflammatory cytokine secretion and robust increases in the concentrations of Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and Transforming Growth Factor Beta (TGFβ). Indomethacin and E‐prostanoid 2 (EP2) receptor antagonism both reversed while EP2 agonism restored MAPC cell‐mediated in vitro T‐cell suppression, confirming the role for PGE2. Furthermore, cyclo‐oxygenase inhibition following allo‐BMT abrogated the protective effects of MAPC cells. Importantly, MAPC cells had no effect on the generation cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity in vitro, and the administration of MAPC cells in the setting of leukemic challenge resulted in superior leukemia‐free survival. Collectively, these data provide valuable information regarding the biodistribution and regulatory capacity of MAPC cells, which may inform future clinical trial design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leland Metheny
- University Hospitals Seidman Cancer CenterClevelandOhioUSA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer CenterClevelandOhioUSA
| | - Saada Eid
- Department of PediatricsCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOhioUSA
| | - Patiwet Wuttisarnwattana
- Department of Computer EngineeringChiang Mai UniversityChiang MaiThailand
- Department of Biomedical Engineering CenterChiang Mai UniversityChiang MaiThailand
| | - Jeffery J. Auletta
- Host Defense Program, Hematology, Oncology, and Infectious DiseasesNationwide Children's HospitalColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of PathologyYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Alana Van Dervort
- Department of PediatricsCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOhioUSA
| | - Conner Paez
- Department of PediatricsCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOhioUSA
| | - ZhengHong Lee
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOhioUSA
| | - David Wilson
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOhioUSA
| | | | | | | | - Yiouli Ktena
- Department of OncologyJohns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer CenterBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Kenneth R. Cooke
- Department of OncologyJohns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer CenterBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kolluru C, Subramaniam A, Liu Y, Upadhye A, Khela M, Druschel L, Fereidouni F, Levenson R, Shoffstall A, Jenkins M, Wilson DL. 3D imaging of the vagus nerve fascicular anatomy with cryo-imaging and UV excitation. PROCEEDINGS OF SPIE--THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR OPTICAL ENGINEERING 2021; 11649:1164910. [PMID: 35313654 PMCID: PMC8934573 DOI: 10.1117/12.2577037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a method to treat drug-resistant epilepsy and depression, but therapeutic outcomes are often not ideal. Newer electrode designs such as intra-fascicular electrodes offer potential improvements in reducing off-target effects but require a detailed understanding of the fascicular anatomy of the vagus nerve. We have adapted a section-and-image technique, cryo-imaging, with UV excitation to visualize fascicles along the length of the vagus nerve. In addition to offering optical sectioning at the surface via reduced penetration depth, UV illumination also produces sufficient contrast between fascicular structures and connective tissue. Here we demonstrate the utility of this approach in pilot experiments. We imaged fixed, cadaver vagus nerve samples, segmented fascicles, and demonstrated 3D tracking of fascicles. Such data can serve as input for computer models of vagus nerve stimulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaitanya Kolluru
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ananya Subramaniam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Yehe Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Aniruddha Upadhye
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Monty Khela
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Lindsey Druschel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | | | - Andrew Shoffstall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Michael Jenkins
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - David L. Wilson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wirth D, Byrd B, Meng B, Strawbridge RR, Samkoe KS, Davis SC. Hyperspectral imaging and spectral unmixing for improving whole-body fluorescence cryo-imaging. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:395-408. [PMID: 33520389 PMCID: PMC7818953 DOI: 10.1364/boe.410810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Whole-animal fluorescence cryo-imaging is an established technique that enables visualization of the biodistribution of labeled drugs, contrast agents, functional reporters and cells in detail. However, many tissues produce endogenous autofluorescence, which can confound interpretation of the cryo-imaging volumes. We describe a multi-channel, hyperspectral cryo-imaging system that acquires densely-sampled spectra at each pixel in the 3-dimensional stack. This information enables the use of spectral unmixing to isolate the fluorophore-of-interest from autofluorescence and/or other fluorescent reporters. In phantoms and a glioma xenograft model, we show that the approach improves detection limits, increases tumor contrast, and can dramatically alter image interpretation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Wirth
- Department of Surgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, 1 Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
- Indicates equal contributions
| | - Brook Byrd
- Thayer School of Engineering at Dartmouth, 14 Engineering Drive, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
- Indicates equal contributions
| | - Boyu Meng
- Thayer School of Engineering at Dartmouth, 14 Engineering Drive, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | | | - Kimberley S. Samkoe
- Department of Surgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, 1 Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
- Thayer School of Engineering at Dartmouth, 14 Engineering Drive, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Scott C. Davis
- Thayer School of Engineering at Dartmouth, 14 Engineering Drive, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Yu T, Lin Y, Xu Y, Dou Y, Wang F, Quan H, Zhao Y, Liu X. Repressor Element 1 Silencing Transcription Factor (REST) Governs Microglia-Like BV2 Cell Migration via Progranulin (PGRN). Neural Plast 2020; 2020:8855822. [PMID: 33299399 PMCID: PMC7710409 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8855822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia activation contributes to Alzheimer's disease (AD) etiology, and microglia migration is a fundamental function during microglia activation. The repressor element-1 silencing transcription factor (REST), a powerful transcriptional factor, was found to play a neuroprotective role in AD. Despite its possible role in disease progression, little is known about whether REST participates in microglia migration. In this study, we aimed to explore the function of REST and its molecular basis during microglia migration under Aβ 1-42-treated pathological conditions. When treated by Aβ 1-42 REST was upregulated through JAK2/STAT3 signal pathway in BV2 cells. And transwell coculture system was used to evaluate cell migration function of microglia-like BV2. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting progranulin (PGRN) were delivered into BV2 cells, and results showed that PGRN functions to promote BV2 migration. REST expression was inhibited by sh-RNA, which induced BV2 cell migration obviously. On the contrary, REST was overexpressed by REST recombinant plasmid transfection, which repressed BV2 cell migration, indicating that REST may act as a repressor of cell migration. To more comprehensively examine the molecular basis, we analyzed the promoter sequence of PGRN and found that it has the potential binding site of REST. Moreover, knocking-down of REST can increase the expression of PGRN, which confirms the inhibiting effect of REST on PGRN expression. Further detection of double luciferase reporter gene also confirmed the inhibition of REST on the activity of PGRN promoter, indicating that REST may be an inhibitory transcription factor of PGRN which governs microglia-like BV2 cell migration. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that transcription factor REST may act as a repressor of microglia migration through PGRN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tongya Yu
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Tongji University, Middle Yanchang Rd. 301#, Jingan District, Shanghai, China 200072
| | - Yingying Lin
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Tongji University, Middle Yanchang Rd. 301#, Jingan District, Shanghai, China 200072
| | - Yuzhen Xu
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Tongji University, Middle Yanchang Rd. 301#, Jingan District, Shanghai, China 200072
| | - Yunxiao Dou
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Tongji University, Middle Yanchang Rd. 301#, Jingan District, Shanghai, China 200072
| | - Feihong Wang
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Tongji University, Middle Yanchang Rd. 301#, Jingan District, Shanghai, China 200072
| | - Hui Quan
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Tongji University, Middle Yanchang Rd. 301#, Jingan District, Shanghai, China 200072
| | - Yanxin Zhao
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Tongji University, Middle Yanchang Rd. 301#, Jingan District, Shanghai, China 200072
| | - Xueyuan Liu
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Tongji University, Middle Yanchang Rd. 301#, Jingan District, Shanghai, China 200072
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Nikolenko VN, Terpilovsky AA, Kuzmin AL, Lukashkina RA, Strizhkov AE, Suslov AV, Kochurova EV, Gavrushova LV, Sinelnikov MY. Cryogenic sequenced layering for the 3D reconstruction of biological objects. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11899. [PMID: 32681082 PMCID: PMC7367884 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68682-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) visualization is applied throughout many specialities, prompting an important breakthrough in accessibility and modeling of data. Experimental rendering and computerized reconstruction of objects has influenced many scientific achievements, facilitating one of the greatest advancements in medical education since the first illustrated anatomy book changed specialist training forever. Modern medicine relies on detailed, high quality virtual models for educational, experimental and clinical purposes. Almost all current virtual visualization methods rely on object slicing producing serial sections, which can then be digitalized or analyzed manually. The tendency to computerize serial sections roots from convenience, accessibility, decent visualization quality and automation capabilities. Drawbacks of serial section imaging is tissue damage occurring within each consequent sectioning. To utilize the important aspects of real-life object reconstruction, and maintain integrity of biological structures, we suggest a novel method of low-temperature layering of objects for digitization and computerized virtual reconstruction. Here we show the process of consequent imaging of each novel layer of a biological object, which provides a computer with high quality data for virtual reconstruction and creation of a multidimensional real-life model. Our method prevents tissue deformation and biodegradation due to specific methods used in preparation of the biological object. The resulting images can be applied in surgical training, medical education and numerous scientific fields for realistic reconstruction of biological objects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Nikolaevich Nikolenko
- Department of Human Anatomy, Sechenov University, Mohovaya, 11/10, Moscow, Russia, 125009.
- Department of Anatomy, Lomonosov Moscow State University, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, Russia, 119991.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Nebbia M, Yassin NA, Spinelli A. Colorectal Cancer in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Clin Colon Rectal Surg 2020; 33:305-317. [PMID: 32968366 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1713748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at an increased risk for developing colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the incidence has declined over the past 30 years, which is probably attributed to raise awareness, successful CRC surveillance programs and improved control of mucosal inflammation through chemoprevention. The risk factors for IBD-related CRC include more severe disease (as reflected by the extent of disease and the duration of poorly controlled disease), family history of CRC, pseudo polyps, primary sclerosing cholangitis, and male sex. The molecular pathogenesis of inflammatory epithelium might play a critical role in the development of CRC. IBD-related CRC is characterized by fewer rectal tumors, more synchronous and poorly differentiated tumors compared with sporadic cancers. There is no significant difference in sex distribution, stage at presentation, or survival. Surveillance is vital for the detection and subsequently management of dysplasia. Most guidelines recommend initiation of surveillance colonoscopy at 8 to 10 years after IBD diagnosis, followed by subsequent surveillance of 1 to 2 yearly intervals. Traditionally, surveillance colonoscopies with random colonic biopsies were used. However, recent data suggest that high definition and chromoendoscopy are better methods of surveillance by improving sensitivity to previously "invisible" flat dysplastic lesions. Management of dysplasia, timing of surveillance, chemoprevention, and the surgical approaches are all areas that stimulate various discussions. The aim of this review is to provide an up-to-date focus on CRC in IBD, from laboratory to bedside.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Nebbia
- Colon and Rectal Surgery Division, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCS, Rozzano, Milano, Italy
| | - Nuha A Yassin
- Colon and Rectal Surgery Division, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCS, Rozzano, Milano, Italy
| | - Antonino Spinelli
- Colon and Rectal Surgery Division, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCS, Rozzano, Milano, Italy.,Deparment of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wuttisarnwattana P, Eid S, Gargesha M, Cooke KR, Wilson DL. Cryo-imaging of Stem Cell Biodistribution in Mouse Model of Graft-Versus-Host-Disease. Ann Biomed Eng 2020; 48:1702-1711. [PMID: 32103369 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-020-02487-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrated the use of multispectral cryo-imaging and software to analyze human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) biodistribution in mouse models of graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD) following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). We injected quantum dot labeled MSCs via tail vein to mice receiving BMT and analyzed hMSC biodistribution in major organs (e.g. lung, liver, spleen, kidneys and bone marrow). We compared the biodistribution of hMSCs in mice following allogeneic BMT recipients (with GVHD) to the biodistribution following syngeneic BMT (without GVHD). Cryo-imaging system revealed cellular biodistribution and redistribution patterns in the animal model. We initially found clusters of cells in the lung that eventually dissociated to single cells and redistributed to other organs within 72 h. The in vivo half-life of the exogenous MSCs was about 21 h. We found that the biodistribution of stromal cells was not related to blood flow, rather cells preferentially homed to specific organs. In conclusion, cryo-imaging was suitable for analyzing the cellular biodistribution. It could provide capabilities of visualizing cells anywhere in the mouse model with single cell sensitivity. By characterizing the biodistribution and anatomical specificity of a therapeutic cellular product, we believe that cryo-imaging can play an important role in the advancement of stem and stromal cell therapies and regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patiwet Wuttisarnwattana
- Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand. .,Biomedical Engineering Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
| | - Saada Eid
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Kenneth R Cooke
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David L Wilson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Bhartiya A, Madi K, Disney CM, Courtois L, Jupe A, Zhang F, Bodey AJ, Lee P, Rau C, Robinson IK, Yusuf M. Phase-contrast 3D tomography of HeLa cells grown in PLLA polymer electrospun scaffolds using synchrotron X-rays. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2020; 27:158-163. [PMID: 31868748 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577519015583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Advanced imaging is useful for understanding the three-dimensional (3D) growth of cells. X-ray tomography serves as a powerful noninvasive, nondestructive technique that can fulfill these purposes by providing information about cell growth within 3D platforms. There are a limited number of studies taking advantage of synchrotron X-rays, which provides a large field of view and suitable resolution to image cells within specific biomaterials. In this study, X-ray synchrotron radiation microtomography at Diamond Light Source and advanced image processing were used to investigate cellular infiltration of HeLa cells within poly L-lactide (PLLA) scaffolds. This study demonstrates that synchrotron X-rays using phase contrast is a useful method to understand the 3D growth of cells in PLLA electrospun scaffolds. Two different fiber diameter (2 and 4 µm) scaffolds with different pore sizes, grown over 2, 5 and 8 days in vitro, were examined for infiltration and cell connectivity. After performing visualization by segmentation of the cells from the fibers, the results clearly show deeper cell growth and higher cellular interconnectivity in the 4 µm fiber diameter scaffold. This indicates the potential for using such 3D technology to study cell-scaffold interactions for future medical use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Bhartiya
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London WC1H 0AH, UK
| | - K Madi
- 3DMagination Ltd, Atlas Building, Fermi Avenue, Harwell, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK
| | - C M Disney
- School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - L Courtois
- 3DMagination Ltd, Atlas Building, Fermi Avenue, Harwell, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK
| | - A Jupe
- Department of Applied Computing, The University of Buckingham, UK
| | - F Zhang
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London WC1H 0AH, UK
| | - A J Bodey
- Diamond Light Source, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, UK
| | - P Lee
- Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - C Rau
- Diamond Light Source, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, UK
| | - I K Robinson
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London WC1H 0AH, UK
| | - M Yusuf
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London WC1H 0AH, UK
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Mazur C, Powers B, Zasadny K, Sullivan JM, Dimant H, Kamme F, Hesterman J, Matson J, Oestergaard M, Seaman M, Holt RW, Qutaish M, Polyak I, Coelho R, Gottumukkala V, Gaut CM, Berridge M, Albargothy NJ, Kelly L, Carare RO, Hoppin J, Kordasiewicz H, Swayze EE, Verma A. Brain pharmacology of intrathecal antisense oligonucleotides revealed through multimodal imaging. JCI Insight 2019; 4:129240. [PMID: 31619586 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.129240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Intrathecal (IT) delivery and pharmacology of antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) for the CNS have been successfully developed to treat spinal muscular atrophy. However, ASO pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) properties remain poorly understood in the IT compartment. We applied multimodal imaging techniques to elucidate the IT PK and PD of unlabeled, radioactively labeled, or fluorescently labeled ASOs targeting ubiquitously expressed or neuron-specific RNAs. Following lumbar IT bolus injection in rats, all ASOs spread rostrally along the neuraxis, adhered to meninges, and were partially cleared to peripheral lymph nodes and kidneys. Rapid association with the pia and arterial walls preceded passage of ASOs across the glia limitans, along arterial intramural basement membranes, and along white-matter axonal bundles. Several neuronal and glial cell types accumulated ASOs over time, with evidence of probable glial accumulation preceding neuronal uptake. IT doses of anti-GluR1 and anti-Gabra1 ASOs markedly reduced the mRNA and protein levels of their respective neurotransmitter receptor protein targets by 2 weeks and anti-Gabra1 ASOs also reduced binding of the GABAA receptor PET ligand 18F-flumazenil in the brain over 4 weeks. Our multimodal imaging approaches elucidate multiple transport routes underlying the CNS distribution, clearance, and efficacy of IT-dosed ASOs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Curt Mazur
- Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Carlsbad, California, USA
| | - Berit Powers
- Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Carlsbad, California, USA
| | | | - Jenna M Sullivan
- Invicro, LLC, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Biogen, Cambridge, Masschusetts, USA
| | | | - Fredrik Kamme
- Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Carlsbad, California, USA
| | | | - John Matson
- Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Carlsbad, California, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Louise Kelly
- University of Southampton, Hampshire, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Eric E Swayze
- Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Carlsbad, California, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Suhail Y, Cain MP, Vanaja K, Kurywchak PA, Levchenko A, Kalluri R, Kshitiz. Systems Biology of Cancer Metastasis. Cell Syst 2019; 9:109-127. [PMID: 31465728 PMCID: PMC6716621 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2019.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is no longer viewed as a linear cascade of events but rather as a series of concurrent, partially overlapping processes, as successfully metastasizing cells assume new phenotypes while jettisoning older behaviors. The lack of a systemic understanding of this complex phenomenon has limited progress in developing treatments for metastatic disease. Because metastasis has traditionally been investigated in distinct physiological compartments, the integration of these complex and interlinked aspects remains a challenge for both systems-level experimental and computational modeling of metastasis. Here, we present some of the current perspectives on the complexity of cancer metastasis, the multiscale nature of its progression, and a systems-level view of the processes underlying the invasive spread of cancer cells. We also highlight the gaps in our current understanding of cancer metastasis as well as insights emerging from interdisciplinary systems biology approaches to understand this complex phenomenon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasir Suhail
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA; Cancer Systems Biology @ Yale (CaSB@Yale), Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Margo P Cain
- Department of Cancer Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kiran Vanaja
- Cancer Systems Biology @ Yale (CaSB@Yale), Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Paul A Kurywchak
- Department of Cancer Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Andre Levchenko
- Cancer Systems Biology @ Yale (CaSB@Yale), Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Raghu Kalluri
- Department of Cancer Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kshitiz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA; Cancer Systems Biology @ Yale (CaSB@Yale), Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Hess A, Hinz R, Keliris GA, Boehm-Sturm P. On the Usage of Brain Atlases in Neuroimaging Research. Mol Imaging Biol 2019; 20:742-749. [PMID: 30094652 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-018-1259-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Brain atlases play a key role in modern neuroimaging analysis of brain structure and function. We review available atlas databases for humans and animals and illustrate common state-of-the-art workflows in neuroimaging research based on image registration. Advances in noninvasive imaging methods, 3D ex vivo microscopy, and image processing are summarized which will eventually close the current resolution gap between brain atlases based on conventional 2D histology and those based on 3D in vivo imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Hess
- Institute for Experimental Pharmacology, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen Nuremberg, Fahrstraße 17, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Rukun Hinz
- Bio-Imaging Lab, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Philipp Boehm-Sturm
- Department of Experimental Neurology and Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany. .,NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence and Charité Core Facility 7T Experimental MRIs, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhang Q, Peters T, Fenster A. Layer-based visualization and biomedical information exploration of multi-channel large histological data. Comput Med Imaging Graph 2019; 72:34-46. [PMID: 30772074 DOI: 10.1016/j.compmedimag.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Modern microscopes can acquire multi-channel large histological data from tissues of human beings or animals, which contain rich biomedical information for disease diagnosis and biological feature analysis. However, due to the large size, fuzzy tissue structure, and complicated multiple elements integrated in the image color space, it is still a challenge for current software systems to effectively calculate histological data, show the inner tissue structures and unveil hidden biomedical information. Therefore, we developed new algorithms and a software platform to address this issue. METHODS This paper presents a multi-channel biomedical data computing and visualization system that can efficiently process large 3D histological images acquired from high-resolution microscopes. A novelty of our system is that it can dynamically display a volume of interest and extract tissue information using a layer-based data navigation scheme. During the data exploring process, the actual resolution of the loaded data can be dynamically determined and updated, and data rendering is synchronized in four display windows at each data layer, where 2D textures are extracted from the imaging volume and mapped onto the displayed clipping planes in 3D space. RESULTS To test the efficiency and scalability of this system, we performed extensive evaluations using several different hardware systems and large histological color datasets acquired from a CryoViz 3D digital system. The experimental results demonstrated that our system can deliver interactive data navigation speed and display detailed imaging information in real time, which is beyond the capability of commonly available biomedical data exploration software platforms. CONCLUSION Taking advantage of both CPU (central processing unit) main memory and GPU (graphics processing unit) graphics memory, the presented software platform can efficiently compute, process and visualize very large biomedical data and enhance data information. The performance of this system can satisfactorily address the challenges of navigating and interrogating volumetric multi-spectral large histological image at multiple resolution levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- School of Information Technology, Illinois State University, 100 North University Street, Normal, IL 61761, United States; Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5C1.
| | - Terry Peters
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, 1151 Richmond St. N., London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7; Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5C1.
| | - Aaron Fenster
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, 1151 Richmond St. N., London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7; Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5C1.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zhang B, Zhou Z, Tao Y, Lin H. A novel robust color gradient estimator for photographic volume visualization. J Vis (Tokyo) 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12650-018-0477-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
27
|
Cryo-Imaging and Software Platform for Analysis of Molecular MR Imaging of Micrometastases. Int J Biomed Imaging 2018; 2018:9780349. [PMID: 29805438 PMCID: PMC5899875 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9780349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We created and evaluated a preclinical, multimodality imaging, and software platform to assess molecular imaging of small metastases. This included experimental methods (e.g., GFP-labeled tumor and high resolution multispectral cryo-imaging), nonrigid image registration, and interactive visualization of imaging agent targeting. We describe technological details earlier applied to GFP-labeled metastatic tumor targeting by molecular MR (CREKA-Gd) and red fluorescent (CREKA-Cy5) imaging agents. Optimized nonrigid cryo-MRI registration enabled nonambiguous association of MR signals to GFP tumors. Interactive visualization of out-of-RAM volumetric image data allowed one to zoom to a GFP-labeled micrometastasis, determine its anatomical location from color cryo-images, and establish the presence/absence of targeted CREKA-Gd and CREKA-Cy5. In a mouse with >160 GFP-labeled tumors, we determined that in the MR images every tumor in the lung >0.3 mm2 had visible signal and that some metastases as small as 0.1 mm2 were also visible. More tumors were visible in CREKA-Cy5 than in CREKA-Gd MRI. Tape transfer method and nonrigid registration allowed accurate (<11 μm error) registration of whole mouse histology to corresponding cryo-images. Histology showed inflammation and necrotic regions not labeled by imaging agents. This mouse-to-cells multiscale and multimodality platform should uniquely enable more informative and accurate studies of metastatic cancer imaging and therapy.
Collapse
|
28
|
Kolluru C, Prabhu D, Gharaibeh Y, Wu H, Wilson DL. Voxel-based plaque classification in coronary intravascular optical coherence tomography images using decision trees. PROCEEDINGS OF SPIE--THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR OPTICAL ENGINEERING 2018; 10575. [PMID: 29568146 DOI: 10.1117/12.2293226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomography (IVOCT) is a high contrast, 3D microscopic imaging technique that can be used to assess atherosclerosis and guide stent interventions. Despite its advantages, IVOCT image interpretation is challenging and time consuming with over 500 image frames generated in a single pullback volume. We have developed a method to classify voxel plaque types in IVOCT images using machine learning. To train and test the classifier, we have used our unique database of labeled cadaver vessel IVOCT images accurately registered to gold standard cryo-images. This database currently contains 300 images and is growing. Each voxel is labeled as fibrotic, lipid-rich, calcified or other. Optical attenuation, intensity and texture features were extracted for each voxel and were used to build a decision tree classifier for multi-class classification. Five-fold cross-validation across images gave accuracies of 96 % ± 0.01 %, 90 ± 0.02% and 90 % ± 0.01 % for fibrotic, lipid-rich and calcified classes respectively. To rectify performance degradation seen in left out vessel specimens as opposed to left out images, we are adding data and reducing features to limit overfitting. Following spatial noise cleaning, important vascular regions were unambiguous in display. We developed displays that enable physicians to make rapid determination of calcified and lipid regions. This will inform treatment decisions such as the need for devices (e.g., atherectomy or scoring balloon in the case of calcifications) or extended stent lengths to ensure coverage of lipid regions prone to injury at the edge of a stent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaitanya Kolluru
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA 44106
| | - David Prabhu
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA 44106
| | - Yazan Gharaibeh
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA 44106
| | - Hao Wu
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA 44106
| | - David L Wilson
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA 44106.,Dept. of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA 44106
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
Imaging provides an insight into biological patho-mechanisms of diseases. However, the link between the imaging phenotype and the underlying molecular processes is often not well understood. Methods such as metabolomics and proteomics reveal detailed information about these processes. Unfortunately, they provide no spatial information and thus cannot be easily correlated with functional imaging. We have developed an image-guided milling machine and unique workflows to precisely isolate tissue samples based on imaging data. The tissue samples remain cooled during the entire procedure, preventing sample degradation. This enables us to correlate, at an unprecedented spatial precision, comprehensive imaging information with metabolomics and proteomics data, leading to a better understanding of diseases. Phenotypic heterogeneity is commonly observed in diseased tissue, specifically in tumors. Multimodal imaging technologies can reveal tissue heterogeneity noninvasively in vivo, enabling imaging-based profiling of receptors, metabolism, morphology, or function on a macroscopic scale. In contrast, in vitro multiomics, immunohistochemistry, or histology techniques accurately characterize these heterogeneities in the cellular and subcellular scales in a more comprehensive but ex vivo manner. The complementary in vivo and ex vivo information would provide an enormous potential to better characterize a disease. However, this requires spatially accurate coregistration of these data by image-driven sampling as well as fast sample-preparation methods. Here, a unique image-guided milling machine and workflow for precise extraction of tissue samples from small laboratory animals or excised organs has been developed and evaluated. The samples can be delineated on tomographic images as volumes of interest and can be extracted with a spatial accuracy better than 0.25 mm. The samples remain cooled throughout the procedure to ensure metabolic stability, a precondition for accurate in vitro analysis.
Collapse
|
30
|
Abstract
We have developed an imaging method designated as correlative light microscopy and block-face imaging (CoMBI), which contributes to improve the reliability of morphological analyses. This method can collect both the frozen sections and serial block-face images in a single specimen. The frozen section can be used for conventional light microscopic analysis to obtain 2-dimensional (2D) anatomical and molecular information, while serial block-face images can be used as 3-dimensional (3D) volume data for anatomical analysis. Thus, the sections maintain positional information in the specimen, and allows the correlation of 2D microscopic data and 3D volume data in a single specimen. The subjects can vary in size and type, and can cover most specimens encountered in biology. In addition, the required system for our method is characterized by cost-effectiveness. Here, we demonstrated the utility of CoMBI using specimens ranging in size from several millimeters to several centimeters, i.e., mouse embryos, human brainstem samples, and stag beetle larvae, and present successful correlation between the 2D light microscopic images and 3D volume data in a single specimen.
Collapse
|
31
|
Carty F, Mahon BP, English K. The influence of macrophages on mesenchymal stromal cell therapy: passive or aggressive agents? Clin Exp Immunol 2017; 188:1-11. [PMID: 28108980 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) have emerged as promising cell therapies for multiple conditions based on demonstrations of their potent immunomodulatory and regenerative capacities in models of inflammatory disease. Understanding the effects of MSC on T cells has dominated the majority of work carried out in this field to date; recently, however, a number of studies have shown that the therapeutic effect of MSC requires the presence of macrophages. It is timely to review the mechanisms and manner by which MSC modulate macrophage populations in order to design more effective MSC therapies and clinical studies. A complex cross-talk exists through which MSC and macrophages communicate, a communication that is not controlled exclusively by MSC. Here, we examine the evidence that suggests that MSC not only respond to inflammatory macrophages and adjust their secretome accordingly, but also that macrophages respond to encounters with MSC, creating a feedback loop which contributes to the immune regulation observed following MSC therapy. Future studies examining the effects of MSC on macrophages should consider the antagonistic role that macrophages play in this exchange.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Carty
- Institute of Immunology, Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, County Kildare, Ireland
| | - B P Mahon
- Institute of Immunology, Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, County Kildare, Ireland
| | - K English
- Institute of Immunology, Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, County Kildare, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Prabhu D, Mehanna E, Gargesha M, Brandt E, Wen D, van Ditzhuijzen NS, Chamie D, Yamamoto H, Fujino Y, Alian A, Patel J, Costa M, Bezerra HG, Wilson DL. Three-dimensional registration of intravascular optical coherence tomography and cryo-image volumes for microscopic-resolution validation. J Med Imaging (Bellingham) 2016; 3:026004. [PMID: 27429997 DOI: 10.1117/1.jmi.3.2.026004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests high-resolution, high-contrast, [Formula: see text] intravascular optical coherence tomography (IVOCT) can distinguish plaque types, but further validation is needed, especially for automated plaque characterization. We developed experimental and three-dimensional (3-D) registration methods to provide validation of IVOCT pullback volumes using microscopic, color, and fluorescent cryo-image volumes with optional registered cryo-histology. A specialized registration method matched IVOCT pullback images acquired in the catheter reference frame to a true 3-D cryo-image volume. Briefly, an 11-parameter registration model including a polynomial virtual catheter was initialized within the cryo-image volume, and perpendicular images were extracted, mimicking IVOCT image acquisition. Virtual catheter parameters were optimized to maximize cryo and IVOCT lumen overlap. Multiple assessments suggested that the registration error was better than the [Formula: see text] spacing between IVOCT image frames. Tests on a digital synthetic phantom gave a registration error of only [Formula: see text] (signed distance). Visual assessment of randomly presented nearby frames suggested registration accuracy within 1 IVOCT frame interval ([Formula: see text]). This would eliminate potential misinterpretations confronted by the typical histological approaches to validation, with estimated 1-mm errors. The method can be used to create annotated datasets and automated plaque classification methods and can be extended to other intravascular imaging modalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Prabhu
- Case Western Reserve University , Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Emile Mehanna
- University Hospitals Case Medical Center , Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, Cardiovascular Imaging Core Laboratory, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Madhusudhana Gargesha
- Case Western Reserve University , Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Eric Brandt
- University Hospitals Case Medical Center , Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, Cardiovascular Imaging Core Laboratory, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Di Wen
- University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, Cardiovascular Imaging Core Laboratory, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States; Case Western Reserve University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Nienke S van Ditzhuijzen
- University Hospitals Case Medical Center , Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, Cardiovascular Imaging Core Laboratory, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Daniel Chamie
- University Hospitals Case Medical Center , Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, Cardiovascular Imaging Core Laboratory, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Hirosada Yamamoto
- University Hospitals Case Medical Center , Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, Cardiovascular Imaging Core Laboratory, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Yusuke Fujino
- University Hospitals Case Medical Center , Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, Cardiovascular Imaging Core Laboratory, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Ali Alian
- University Hospitals Case Medical Center , Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, Cardiovascular Imaging Core Laboratory, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Jaymin Patel
- Case Western Reserve University , Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Marco Costa
- University Hospitals Case Medical Center , Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, Cardiovascular Imaging Core Laboratory, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Hiram G Bezerra
- University Hospitals Case Medical Center , Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, Cardiovascular Imaging Core Laboratory, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - David L Wilson
- Case Western Reserve University , Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Liu Y, Zhou B, Qutaish M, Wilson DL. Microscopic validation of whole mouse micro-metastatic tumor imaging agents using cryo-imaging and sliding organ image registration. PROCEEDINGS OF SPIE--THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR OPTICAL ENGINEERING 2016; 9788. [PMID: 29382962 DOI: 10.1117/12.2216981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
We created a metastasis imaging, analysis platform consisting of software and multi-spectral cryo-imaging system suitable for evaluating emerging imaging agents targeting micro-metastatic tumor. We analyzed CREKA-Gd in MRI, followed by cryo-imaging which repeatedly sectioned and tiled microscope images of the tissue block face, providing anatomical bright field and molecular fluorescence, enabling 3D microscopic imaging of the entire mouse with single metastatic cell sensitivity. To register MRI volumes to the cryo bright field reference, we used our standard mutual information, non-rigid registration which proceeded: preprocess → affine → B-spline non-rigid 3D registration. In this report, we created two modified approaches: mask where we registered locally over a smaller rectangular solid, and sliding organ. Briefly, in sliding organ, we segmented the organ, registered the organ and body volumes separately and combined results. Though sliding organ required manual annotation, it provided the best result as a standard to measure other registration methods. Regularization parameters for standard and mask methods were optimized in a grid search. Evaluations consisted of DICE, and visual scoring of a checkerboard display. Standard had accuracy of 2 voxels in all regions except near the kidney, where there were 5 voxels sliding. After mask and sliding organ correction, kidneys sliding were within 2 voxels, and Dice overlap increased 4%-10% in mask compared to standard. Mask generated comparable results with sliding organ and allowed a semi-automatic process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiqiao Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Bo Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Mohammed Qutaish
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - David L Wilson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.,Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Wuttisarnwattana P, Gargesha M, Hof WV, Cooke KR, Wilson DL. Automatic Stem Cell Detection in Microscopic Whole Mouse Cryo-Imaging. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING 2016; 35:819-29. [PMID: 26552080 PMCID: PMC4873963 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2015.2497285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
With its single cell sensitivity over volumes as large as or larger than a mouse, cryo-imaging enables imaging of stem cell biodistribution, homing, engraftment, and molecular mechanisms. We developed and evaluated a highly automated software tool to detect fluorescently labeled stem cells within very large ( ∼ 200 GB) cryo-imaging datasets. Cell detection steps are: preprocess, remove immaterial regions, spatially filter to create features, identify candidate pixels, classify pixels using bagging decision trees, segment cell patches, and perform 3D labeling. There are options for analysis and visualization. To train the classifier, we created synthetic images by placing realistic digital cell models onto cryo-images of control mice devoid of cells. Very good cell detection results were (precision=98.49%, recall=99.97%) for synthetic cryo-images, (precision=97.81%, recall=97.71%) for manually evaluated, actual cryo-images, and false positives in control mice. An α-multiplier applied to features allows one to correct for experimental variations in cell brightness due to labeling. On dim cells (37% of standard brightness), with correction, we improved recall (49.26%→ 99.36%) without a significant drop in precision (99.99%→ 99.75%) . With tail vein injection, multipotent adult progenitor cells in a graft-versus-host-disease model in the first days post injection were predominantly found in lung, liver, spleen, and bone marrow. Distribution was not simply related to blood flow. The lung contained clusters of cells while other tissues contained single cells. Our methods provided stem cell distribution anywhere in mouse with single cell sensitivity. Methods should provide a rational means of evaluating dosing, delivery methods, cell enhancements, and mechanisms for therapeutic cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patiwet Wuttisarnwattana
- Department of Computer Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, and Biomedical Engineering Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | | | - Wouter van’t Hof
- Cell Processing Facility, Cleveland Cord Blood Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Kenneth R. Cooke
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David L. Wilson
- D.L. Wilson is with Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA, Department of Radiology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, OH, USA and BioInVision, Inc., Mayfield Village, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Prabhu D, Mehanna E, Gargesha M, Wen D, Brandt E, van Ditzhuijzen NS, Chamie D, Yamamoto H, Fujino Y, Farmazilian A, Patel J, Costa M, Bezerra HG, Wilson DL. 3D registration of intravascular optical coherence tomography and cryo-image volumes for microscopic-resolution validation. PROCEEDINGS OF SPIE--THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR OPTICAL ENGINEERING 2016; 9788. [PMID: 27162417 DOI: 10.1117/12.2217537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
High resolution, 100 frames/sec intravascular optical coherence tomography (IVOCT) can distinguish plaque types, but further validation is needed, especially for automated plaque characterization. We developed experimental and 3D registration methods, to provide validation of IVOCT pullback volumes using microscopic, brightfield and fluorescent cryo-image volumes, with optional, exactly registered cryo-histology. The innovation was a method to match an IVOCT pull-back images, acquired in the catheter reference frame, to a true 3D cryo-image volume. Briefly, an 11-parameter, polynomial virtual catheter was initialized within the cryo-image volume, and perpendicular images were extracted, mimicking IVOCT image acquisition. Virtual catheter parameters were optimized to maximize cryo and IVOCT lumen overlap. Local minima were possible, but when we started within reasonable ranges, every one of 24 digital phantom cases converged to a good solution with a registration error of only +1.34±2.65μm (signed distance). Registration was applied to 10 ex-vivo cadaver coronary arteries (LADs), resulting in 10 registered cryo and IVOCT volumes yielding a total of 421 registered 2D-image pairs. Image overlays demonstrated high continuity between vascular and plaque features. Bland-Altman analysis comparing cryo and IVOCT lumen area, showed mean and standard deviation of differences as 0.01±0.43 mm2. DICE coefficients were 0.91±0.04. Finally, visual assessment on 20 representative cases with easily identifiable features suggested registration accuracy within one frame of IVOCT (±200μm), eliminating significant misinterpretations introduced by 1mm errors in the literature. The method will provide 3D data for training of IVOCT plaque algorithms and can be used for validation of other intravascular imaging modalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Prabhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - Emile Mehanna
- Harrington-McLaughlin Heart & Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center
| | - Madhusudhana Gargesha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - Di Wen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - Eric Brandt
- Harrington-McLaughlin Heart & Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center
| | | | - Daniel Chamie
- Harrington-McLaughlin Heart & Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center
| | - Hirosada Yamamoto
- Harrington-McLaughlin Heart & Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center
| | - Yusuke Fujino
- Harrington-McLaughlin Heart & Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center
| | - Ali Farmazilian
- Harrington-McLaughlin Heart & Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center
| | - Jaymin Patel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - Marco Costa
- Harrington-McLaughlin Heart & Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center
| | - Hiram G Bezerra
- Harrington-McLaughlin Heart & Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center
| | - David L Wilson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Wolf DA, Hesterman JY, Sullivan JM, Orcutt KD, Silva MD, Lobo M, Wellman T, Hoppin J, Verma A. Dynamic dual-isotope molecular imaging elucidates principles for optimizing intrathecal drug delivery. JCI Insight 2016; 1:e85311. [PMID: 27699254 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.85311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The intrathecal (IT) dosing route offers a seemingly obvious solution for delivering drugs directly to the central nervous system. However, gaps in understanding drug molecule behavior within the anatomically and kinetically unique environment of the mammalian IT space have impeded the establishment of pharmacokinetic principles for optimizing regional drug exposure along the neuraxis. Here, we have utilized high-resolution single-photon emission tomography with X-ray computed tomography to study the behavior of multiple molecular imaging tracers following an IT bolus injection, with supporting histology, autoradiography, block-face tomography, and MRI. Using simultaneous dual-isotope imaging, we demonstrate that the regional CNS tissue exposure of molecules with varying chemical properties is affected by IT space anatomy, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics, CSF clearance routes, and the location and volume of the injected bolus. These imaging approaches can be used across species to optimize the safety and efficacy of IT drug therapy for neurological disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Wolf
- Experimental Medicine, Biogen Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ajay Verma
- Experimental Medicine, Biogen Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Mouse mesenchymal stem cells inhibit high endothelial cell activation and lymphocyte homing to lymph nodes by releasing TIMP-1. Leukemia 2016; 30:1143-54. [PMID: 26898191 PMCID: PMC4858586 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2016.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) represent a promising therapeutic approach in many diseases in view of their potent immunomodulatory properties, which are only partially understood. Here, we show that the endothelium is a specific and key target of MSC during immunity and inflammation. In mice, MSC inhibit activation and proliferation of endothelial cells in remote inflamed lymph nodes (LNs), affect elongation and arborization of high endothelial venules (HEVs) and inhibit T-cell homing. The proteomic analysis of the MSC secretome identified the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) as a potential effector molecule responsible for the anti-angiogenic properties of MSC. Both in vitro and in vivo, TIMP-1 activity is responsible for the anti-angiogenic effects of MSC, and increasing TIMP-1 concentrations delivered by an Adeno Associated Virus (AAV) vector recapitulates the effects of MSC transplantation on draining LNs. Thus, this study discovers a new and highly efficient general mechanism through which MSC tune down immunity and inflammation, identifies TIMP-1 as a novel biomarker of MSC-based therapy and opens the gate to new therapeutic approaches of inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
|
38
|
DePaul MA, Palmer M, Lang BT, Cutrone R, Tran AP, Madalena KM, Bogaerts A, Hamilton JA, Deans RJ, Mays RW, Busch SA, Silver J. Intravenous multipotent adult progenitor cell treatment decreases inflammation leading to functional recovery following spinal cord injury. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16795. [PMID: 26582249 PMCID: PMC4652166 DOI: 10.1038/srep16795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Following spinal cord injury (SCI), immune-mediated secondary processes exacerbate the extent of permanent neurological deficits. We investigated the capacity of adult bone marrow-derived stem cells, which exhibit immunomodulatory properties, to alter inflammation and promote recovery following SCI. In vitro, we show that human multipotent adult progenitor cells (MAPCs) have the ability to modulate macrophage activation, and prior exposure to MAPC secreted factors can reduce macrophage-mediated axonal dieback of dystrophic axons. Using a contusion model of SCI, we found that intravenous delivery of MAPCs one day, but not immediately, after SCI significantly improves urinary and locomotor recovery, which was associated with marked spinal cord tissue sparing. Intravenous MAPCs altered the immune response in the spinal cord and periphery, however biodistribution studies revealed that no MAPCs were found in the cord and instead preferentially homed to the spleen. Our results demonstrate that MAPCs exert their primary effects in the periphery and provide strong support for the use of these cells in acute human contusive SCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marc A DePaul
- Case Western Reserve Univ., Dept. of Neurosciences, 10900 Euclid Ave., SOM E654, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Marc Palmer
- Athersys, Inc. Regenerative Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44115, USA
| | - Bradley T Lang
- Case Western Reserve Univ., Dept. of Neurosciences, 10900 Euclid Ave., SOM E654, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.,Athersys, Inc. Regenerative Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44115, USA
| | | | - Amanda P Tran
- Case Western Reserve Univ., Dept. of Neurosciences, 10900 Euclid Ave., SOM E654, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Kathryn M Madalena
- Case Western Reserve Univ., Dept. of Neurosciences, 10900 Euclid Ave., SOM E654, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | | | | | - Robert J Deans
- Athersys, Inc. Regenerative Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44115, USA
| | - Robert W Mays
- Athersys, Inc. Regenerative Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44115, USA
| | - Sarah A Busch
- Athersys, Inc. Regenerative Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44115, USA
| | - Jerry Silver
- Case Western Reserve Univ., Dept. of Neurosciences, 10900 Euclid Ave., SOM E654, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Auletta JJ, Eid SK, Wuttisarnwattana P, Silva I, Metheny L, Keller MD, Guardia-Wolff R, Liu C, Wang F, Bowen T, Lee Z, Solchaga LA, Ganguly S, Tyler M, Wilson DL, Cooke KR. Human mesenchymal stromal cells attenuate graft-versus-host disease and maintain graft-versus-leukemia activity following experimental allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Stem Cells 2015; 33:601-14. [PMID: 25336340 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Revised: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We sought to define the effects and underlying mechanisms of human, marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) on graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) and graft-versus-leukemia (GvL) activity. Irradiated B6D2F1 mice given C57BL/6 BM and splenic T cells and treated with hMSCs had reduced systemic GvHD, donor T-cell expansion, and serum TNFα and IFNγ levels. Bioluminescence imaging demonstrated that hMSCs redistributed from lungs to abdominal organs within 72 hours, and target tissues harvested from hMSC-treated allogeneic BMT (alloBMT) mice had less GvHD than untreated controls. Cryoimaging more precisely revealed that hMSCs preferentially distributed to splenic marginal zones and regulated T-cell expansion in the white pulp. Importantly, hMSCs had no effect on in vitro cytotoxic T-cell activity and preserved potent GvL effects in vivo. Mixed leukocyte cultures containing hMSCs exhibited decreased T-cell proliferation, reduced TNFα, IFNγ, and IL-10 but increased PGE2 levels. Indomethacin and E-prostanoid 2 (EP2) receptor antagonisms both reversed while EP2 agonism restored hMSC-mediated in vitro T-cell suppression, confirming the role for PGE2 . Furthermore, cyclo-oxygenase inhibition following alloBMT abrogated the protective effects of hMSCs. Together, our data show that hMSCs preserve GvL activity and attenuate GvHD and reveal that hMSC biodistribute to secondary lymphoid organs wherein they attenuate alloreactive T-cell proliferation likely through PGE2 induction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffery J Auletta
- Host Defense Program, Hematology/Oncology/BMT and Infectious Diseases, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Intuitive transfer function design for photographic volumes. J Vis (Tokyo) 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s12650-014-0267-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
41
|
Wang X, Xiong K, Lu L, Gu D, Wang S, Chen J, Xiao H, Zhou G. Developmental origin of the posterior pigmented epithelium of iris. Cell Biochem Biophys 2014; 71:1067-76. [PMID: 25344647 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-014-0310-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Iris epithelium is a double-layered pigmented cuboidal epithelium. According to the current model, the neural retina and the posterior iris pigment epithelium (IPE) are derived from the inner wall of the optic cup, while the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and the anterior IPE are derived from the outer wall of the optic cup during development. Our current study shows evidence, contradicting this model of fetal iris development. We demonstrate that human fetal iris expression patterns of Otx2 and Mitf transcription factors are similar, while the expressions of Otx2 and Sox2 are complementary. Furthermore, IPE and RPE exhibit identical morphologic development during the early embryonic period. Our results suggest that the outer layer of the optic cup forms two layers of the iris epithelium, and the posterior IPE is the inward-curling anterior rim of the outer layer of the optic cup. These findings provide a reasonable explanation of how IPE cells can be used as an appropriate substitute for RPE cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Wang
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Goodnough CL, Gao Y, Li X, Qutaish MQ, Goodnough LH, Molter J, Wilson D, Flask CA, Yu X. Lack of dystrophin results in abnormal cerebral diffusion and perfusion in vivo. Neuroimage 2014; 102 Pt 2:809-16. [PMID: 25213753 PMCID: PMC4320943 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.08.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Revised: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Dystrophin, the main component of the dystrophin–glycoprotein complex, plays an important role in maintaining the structural integrity of cells. It is also involved in the formation of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). To elucidate the impact of dystrophin disruption in vivo, we characterized changes in cerebral perfusion and diffusion in dystrophin-deficient mice (mdx) by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Arterial spin labeling (ASL) and diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) studies were performed on 2-month-old and 10-month-old mdx mice and their age-matched wild-type controls (WT). The imaging results were correlated with Evan's blue extravasation and vascular density studies. The results show that dystrophin disruption significantly decreased the mean cerebral diffusivity in both 2-month-old (7.38± 0.30 × 10−4mm2/s) and 10-month-old (6.93 ± 0.53 × 10−4 mm2/s) mdx mice as compared to WT (8.49±0.24×10−4, 8.24±0.25× 10−4mm2/s, respectively). There was also an 18% decrease in cerebral perfusion in 10-month-old mdx mice as compared to WT, which was associated with enhanced arteriogenesis. The reduction in water diffusivity in mdx mice is likely due to an increase in cerebral edema or the existence of large molecules in the extracellular space from a leaky BBB. The observation of decreased perfusion in the setting of enhanced arteriogenesis may be caused by an increase of intracranial pressure from cerebral edema. This study demonstrates the defects in water handling at the BBB and consequently, abnormal perfusion associated with the absence of dystrophin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Candida L Goodnough
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Mohammed Q Qutaish
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - L Henry Goodnough
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Joseph Molter
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - David Wilson
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Chris A Flask
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Dinov ID, Petrosyan P, Liu Z, Eggert P, Zamanyan A, Torri F, Macciardi F, Hobel S, Moon SW, Sung YH, Jiang Z, Labus J, Kurth F, Ashe-McNalley C, Mayer E, Vespa PM, Van Horn JD, Toga AW. The perfect neuroimaging-genetics-computation storm: collision of petabytes of data, millions of hardware devices and thousands of software tools. Brain Imaging Behav 2014; 8:311-22. [PMID: 23975276 PMCID: PMC3933453 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-013-9248-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The volume, diversity and velocity of biomedical data are exponentially increasing providing petabytes of new neuroimaging and genetics data every year. At the same time, tens-of-thousands of computational algorithms are developed and reported in the literature along with thousands of software tools and services. Users demand intuitive, quick and platform-agnostic access to data, software tools, and infrastructure from millions of hardware devices. This explosion of information, scientific techniques, computational models, and technological advances leads to enormous challenges in data analysis, evidence-based biomedical inference and reproducibility of findings. The Pipeline workflow environment provides a crowd-based distributed solution for consistent management of these heterogeneous resources. The Pipeline allows multiple (local) clients and (remote) servers to connect, exchange protocols, control the execution, monitor the states of different tools or hardware, and share complete protocols as portable XML workflows. In this paper, we demonstrate several advanced computational neuroimaging and genetics case-studies, and end-to-end pipeline solutions. These are implemented as graphical workflow protocols in the context of analyzing imaging (sMRI, fMRI, DTI), phenotypic (demographic, clinical), and genetic (SNP) data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivo D Dinov
- Laboratory of Neuro Imaging (LONI), David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, 635 S. Charles Young Drive, Suite 225, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-7334, USA,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Yap CH, Liu X, Pekkan K. Characterization of the vessel geometry, flow mechanics and wall shear stress in the great arteries of wildtype prenatal mouse. PLoS One 2014; 9:e86878. [PMID: 24475188 PMCID: PMC3903591 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Abnormal fluid mechanical environment in the pre-natal cardiovascular system is hypothesized to play a significant role in causing structural heart malformations. It is thus important to improve our understanding of the prenatal cardiovascular fluid mechanical environment at multiple developmental time-points and vascular morphologies. We present such a study on fetal great arteries on the wildtype mouse from embryonic day 14.5 (E14.5) to near-term (E18.5). Methods Ultrasound bio-microscopy (UBM) was used to measure blood velocity of the great arteries. Subsequently, specimens were cryo-embedded and sectioned using episcopic fluorescent image capture (EFIC) to obtain high-resolution 2D serial image stacks, which were used for 3D reconstructions and quantitative measurement of great artery and aortic arch dimensions. EFIC and UBM data were input into subject-specific computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for modeling hemodynamics. Results In normal mouse fetuses between E14.5–18.5, ultrasound imaging showed gradual but statistically significant increase in blood velocity in the aorta, pulmonary trunk (with the ductus arteriosus), and descending aorta. Measurement by EFIC imaging displayed a similar increase in cross sectional area of these vessels. However, CFD modeling showed great artery average wall shear stress and wall shear rate remain relatively constant with age and with vessel size, indicating that hemodynamic shear had a relative constancy over gestational period considered here. Conclusion Our EFIC-UBM-CFD method allowed reasonably detailed characterization of fetal mouse vascular geometry and fluid mechanics. Our results suggest that a homeostatic mechanism for restoring vascular wall shear magnitudes may exist during normal embryonic development. We speculate that this mechanism regulates the growth of the great vessels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Choon Hwai Yap
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiaoqin Liu
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Kerem Pekkan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Mehanna E, Bezerra HG, Prabhu D, Brandt E, Chamié D, Yamamoto H, Attizzani GF, Tahara S, Van Ditzhuijzen N, Fujino Y, Kanaya T, Stefano G, Wang W, Gargesha M, Wilson D, Costa MA. Volumetric characterization of human coronary calcification by frequency-domain optical coherence tomography. Circ J 2013; 77:2334-2340. [PMID: 23782524 PMCID: PMC4422196 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-12-1458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary artery calcification (CAC) presents unique challenges for percutaneous coronary intervention. Calcium appears as a signal-poor region with well-defined borders by frequency-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT). The objective of this study was to demonstrate the accuracy of intravascular FD-OCT to determine the distribution of CAC. METHODS AND RESULTS Cadaveric coronary arteries were imaged using FD-OCT at 100-μm frame interval. Arteries were subsequently frozen, sectioned and imaged at 20-μm intervals using the Case Cryo-Imaging automated system(TM). Full volumetric co-registration between FD-OCT and cryo-imaging was performed. Calcium area, calcium-lumen distance (depth) and calcium angle were traced on every cross-section; volumetric quantification was performed offline. In total, 30 left anterior descending arteries were imaged: 13 vessels had a total of 55 plaques with calcification by cryo-imaging; FD-OCT identified 47 (85%) of these plaques. A total of 1,285 cryo-images were analyzed and compared with corresponding co-registered 257 FD-OCT images. Calcium distribution, represented by the mean depth and the mean calcium angle, was similar, with excellent correlation between FD-OCT and cryo-imaging respectively (mean depth: 0.25±0.09 vs. 0.26±0.12mm, P=0.742; R=0.90), (mean angle: 35.33±21.86° vs. 39.68±26.61°, P=0.207; R=0.90). Calcium volume was underestimated in large calcifications (3.11±2.14 vs. 4.58±3.39mm(3), P=0.001) in OCT vs. cryo respectively. CONCLUSIONS Intravascular FD-OCT can accurately characterize CAC distribution. OCT can quantify absolute calcium volume, but may underestimate calcium burden in large plaques with poorly defined abluminal borders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emile Mehanna
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center Case Western Reserve University 11100 Euclid Avenue Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Hiram G. Bezerra
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center Case Western Reserve University 11100 Euclid Avenue Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - David Prabhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Case Western Reserve University 10900 Euclid Avenue Cleveland, OH, 44106
| | - Eric Brandt
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center Case Western Reserve University 11100 Euclid Avenue Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Daniel Chamié
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center Case Western Reserve University 11100 Euclid Avenue Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Hirosada Yamamoto
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center Case Western Reserve University 11100 Euclid Avenue Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Guilherme F. Attizzani
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center Case Western Reserve University 11100 Euclid Avenue Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Satoko Tahara
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center Case Western Reserve University 11100 Euclid Avenue Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Nienke Van Ditzhuijzen
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center Case Western Reserve University 11100 Euclid Avenue Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Yusuke Fujino
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center Case Western Reserve University 11100 Euclid Avenue Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Tomoaki Kanaya
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center Case Western Reserve University 11100 Euclid Avenue Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Gregory Stefano
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center Case Western Reserve University 11100 Euclid Avenue Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Wei Wang
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center Case Western Reserve University 11100 Euclid Avenue Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Madhusudhana Gargesha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Case Western Reserve University 10900 Euclid Avenue Cleveland, OH, 44106
| | - David Wilson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Case Western Reserve University 10900 Euclid Avenue Cleveland, OH, 44106
| | - Marco A. Costa
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center Case Western Reserve University 11100 Euclid Avenue Cleveland, OH 44106
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Kahrs LA, Labadie RF. Freely-available, true-color volume rendering software and cryohistology data sets for virtual exploration of the temporal bone anatomy. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 2013; 75:46-53. [PMID: 23689270 DOI: 10.1159/000347083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Accepted: 01/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cadaveric dissection of temporal bone anatomy is not always possible or feasible in certain educational environments. Volume rendering using CT and/or MRI helps understanding spatial relationships, but they suffer in nonrealistic depictions especially regarding color of anatomical structures. Freely available, nonstained histological data sets and software which are able to render such data sets in realistic color could overcome this limitation and be a very effective teaching tool. METHODS With recent availability of specialized public-domain software, volume rendering of true-color, histological data sets is now possible. We present both feasibility as well as step-by-step instructions to allow processing of publicly available data sets (Visible Female Human and Visible Ear) into easily navigable 3-dimensional models using free software. RESULTS Example renderings are shown to demonstrate the utility of these free methods in virtual exploration of the complex anatomy of the temporal bone. After exploring the data sets, the Visible Ear appears more natural than the Visible Human. CONCLUSION We provide directions for an easy-to-use, open-source software in conjunction with freely available histological data sets. This work facilitates self-education of spatial relationships of anatomical structures inside the human temporal bone as well as it allows exploration of surgical approaches prior to cadaveric testing and/or clinical implementation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lüder Alexander Kahrs
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA. lueder.kahrs @ imes.uni-hannover.de
| | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
van den Wijngaard JPHM, Schwarz JCV, van Horssen P, van Lier MGJTB, Dobbe JGG, Spaan JAE, Siebes M. 3D Imaging of vascular networks for biophysical modeling of perfusion distribution within the heart. J Biomech 2012; 46:229-39. [PMID: 23237670 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2012.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2012] [Accepted: 11/09/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
One of the main determinants of perfusion distribution within an organ is the structure of its vascular network. Past studies were based on angiography or corrosion casting and lacked quantitative three dimensional, 3D, representation. Based on branching rules and other properties derived from such imaging, 3D vascular tree models were generated which were rather useful for generating and testing hypotheses on perfusion distribution in organs. Progress in advanced computational models for prediction of perfusion distribution has raised the need for more realistic representations of vascular trees with higher resolution. This paper presents an overview of the different methods developed over time for imaging and modeling the structure of vascular networks and perfusion distribution, with a focus on the heart. The strengths and limitations of these different techniques are discussed. Episcopic fluorescent imaging using a cryomicrotome is presently being developed in different laboratories. This technique is discussed in more detail, since it provides high-resolution 3D structural information that is important for the development and validation of biophysical models but also for studying the adaptations of vascular networks to diseases. An added advantage of this method being is the ability to measure local tissue perfusion. Clinically, indices for patient-specific coronary stenosis evaluation derived from vascular networks have been proposed and high-resolution noninvasive methods for perfusion distribution are in development. All these techniques depend on a proper representation of the relevant vascular network structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen P H M van den Wijngaard
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Qutaish MQ, Sullivant KE, Burden-Gulley SM, Lu H, Roy D, Wang J, Basilion JP, Brady-Kalnay SM, Wilson DL. Cryo-image analysis of tumor cell migration, invasion, and dispersal in a mouse xenograft model of human glioblastoma multiforme. Mol Imaging Biol 2012; 14:572-83. [PMID: 22125093 PMCID: PMC3444683 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-011-0525-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The goals of this study were to create cryo-imaging methods to quantify characteristics (size, dispersal, and blood vessel density) of mouse orthotopic models of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and to enable studies of tumor biology, targeted imaging agents, and theranostic nanoparticles. PROCEDURES Green fluorescent protein-labeled, human glioma LN-229 cells were implanted into mouse brain. At 20-38 days, cryo-imaging gave whole brain, 4-GB, 3D microscopic images of bright field anatomy, including vasculature, and fluorescent tumor. Image analysis/visualization methods were developed. RESULTS Vessel visualization and segmentation methods successfully enabled analyses. The main tumor mass volume, the number of dispersed clusters, the number of cells/cluster, and the percent dispersed volume all increase with age of the tumor. Histograms of dispersal distance give a mean and median of 63 and 56 μm, respectively, averaged over all brains. Dispersal distance tends to increase with age of the tumors. Dispersal tends to occur along blood vessels. Blood vessel density did not appear to increase in and around the tumor with this cell line. CONCLUSION Cryo-imaging and software allow, for the first time, 3D, whole brain, microscopic characterization of a tumor from a particular cell line. LN-229 exhibits considerable dispersal along blood vessels, a characteristic of human tumors that limits treatment success.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Q Qutaish
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Room 319 Wickenden Bldg., 2071 Martin Luther King Jr. Drive, Cleveland, OH 44106-7207, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Hogrebe L, Paiva AR, Jurrus E, Christensen C, Bridge M, Dai L, Pfeiffer R, Hof PR, Roysam B, Korenberg JR, Tasdizen T. Serial section registration of axonal confocal microscopy datasets for long-range neural circuit reconstruction. J Neurosci Methods 2012; 207:200-10. [PMID: 22465678 PMCID: PMC4981587 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2012.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2011] [Revised: 03/02/2012] [Accepted: 03/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In the context of long-range digital neural circuit reconstruction, this paper investigates an approach for registering axons across histological serial sections. Tracing distinctly labeled axons over large distances allows neuroscientists to study very explicit relationships between the brain's complex interconnects and, for example, diseases or aberrant development. Large scale histological analysis requires, however, that the tissue be cut into sections. In immunohistochemical studies thin sections are easily distorted due to the cutting, preparation, and slide mounting processes. In this work we target the registration of thin serial sections containing axons. Sections are first traced to extract axon centerlines, and these traces are used to define registration landmarks where they intersect section boundaries. The trace data also provides distinguishing information regarding an axon's size and orientation within a section. We propose the use of these features when pairing axons across sections in addition to utilizing the spatial relationships among the landmarks. The global rotation and translation of an unregistered section are accounted for using a random sample consensus (RANSAC) based technique. An iterative nonrigid refinement process using B-spline warping is then used to reconnect axons and produce the sought after connectivity information.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luke Hogrebe
- Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute, University of Utah, UT, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Utah, UT, United States
| | - Antonio R.C. Paiva
- Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute, University of Utah, UT, United States
| | - Elizabeth Jurrus
- Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute, University of Utah, UT, United States
- School of Computing, University of Utah, UT, United States
| | - Cameron Christensen
- Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute, University of Utah, UT, United States
| | | | - Li Dai
- Brain Institute, University of Utah, UT, United States
- Center for the Integration of Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of Utah, UT, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, UT, United States
| | - Rebecca Pfeiffer
- Brain Institute, University of Utah, UT, United States
- Neuroscience Program, University of Utah, UT, United States
- Center for the Integration of Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of Utah, UT, United States
| | - Patrick R. Hof
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, NY, United States
| | - Badrinath Roysam
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, TX, United States
| | | | - Tolga Tasdizen
- Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute, University of Utah, UT, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Utah, UT, United States
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Detection and quantification of fluorescent cell clusters in cryo-imaging. Int J Biomed Imaging 2012; 2012:698413. [PMID: 22481905 PMCID: PMC3317210 DOI: 10.1155/2012/698413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2011] [Accepted: 12/16/2011] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
We developed and evaluated an algorithm for enumerating fluorescently labeled cells (e.g., stem and cancer cells) in mouse-sized, microscopic-resolution, cryo-image volumes. Fluorescent cell clusters were detected, segmented, and then fit with a model which incorporated a priori information about cell size, shape, and intensity. The robust algorithm performed well in phantom and tissue imaging tests, including accurate (<2% error) counting of cells in mouse. Preliminary experiments demonstrate that cryo-imaging and software can uniquely analyze delivery, homing to an organ and tissue distribution of stem cell therapeutics.
Collapse
|