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Nyalali AMK, Leonard AU, Xu Y, Li H, Zhou J, Zhang X, Rugambwa TK, Shi X, Li F. CD147: an integral and potential molecule to abrogate hallmarks of cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1238051. [PMID: 38023152 PMCID: PMC10662318 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1238051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
CD147 also known as EMMPRIN, basigin, and HAb18G, is a single-chain type I transmembrane protein shown to be overexpressed in aggressive human cancers of CNS, head and neck, breasts, lungs, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, skin, hematological, and musculoskeletal. In these malignancies, the molecule is integral to the diverse but complimentary hallmarks of cancer: it is pivotal in cancerous proliferative signaling, growth propagation, cellular survival, replicative immortality, angiogenesis, metabolic reprogramming, immune evasion, invasion, and metastasis. CD147 also has regulatory functions in cancer-enabling characteristics such as DNA damage response (DDR) and immune evasion. These neoplastic functions of CD147 are executed through numerous and sometimes overlapping molecular pathways: it transduces signals from upstream molecules or ligands such as cyclophilin A (CyPA), CD98, and S100A9; activates a repertoire of downstream molecules and pathways including matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)-2,3,9, hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF)-1/2α, PI3K/Akt/mTOR/HIF-1α, and ATM/ATR/p53; and also functions as an indispensable chaperone or regulator to monocarboxylate, fatty acid, and amino acid transporters. Interestingly, induced loss of functions to CD147 prevents and reverses the acquired hallmarks of cancer in neoplastic diseases. Silencing of Cd147 also alleviates known resistance to chemoradiotherapy exhibited by malignant tumors like carcinomas of the breast, lung, pancreas, liver, gastric, colon, ovary, cervix, prostate, urinary bladder, glioblastoma, and melanoma. Targeting CD147 antigen in chimeric and induced-chimeric antigen T cell or antibody therapies is also shown to be safer and more effective. Moreover, incorporating anti-CD147 monoclonal antibodies in chemoradiotherapy, oncolytic viral therapy, and oncolytic virus-based-gene therapies increases effectiveness and reduces on and off-target toxicity. This study advocates the expedition and expansion by further exploiting the evidence acquired from the experimental studies that modulate CD147 functions in hallmarks of cancer and cancer-enabling features and strive to translate them into clinical practice to alleviate the emergency and propagation of cancer, as well as the associated clinical and social consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alphonce M. K. Nyalali
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Surgery, Songwe Regional Referral Hospital, Mbeya, Tanzania
- Department of Orthopedics and Neurosurgery, Mbeya Zonal Referral Hospital and Mbeya College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Dar Es Salaam, Mbeya, Tanzania
| | - Angela U. Leonard
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Mbeya Zonal Referral Hospital and Mbeya College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Dar Es Salaam, Mbeya, Tanzania
- Department of Public Health, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Yongxiang Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Huayu Li
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Junlin Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xinrui Zhang
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tibera K. Rugambwa
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mbeya Zonal Referral Hospital and Mbeya College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Dar Es Salaam, Mbeya, Tanzania
| | - Xiaohan Shi
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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2
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Sottero B, Testa G, Gamba P, Staurenghi E, Giannelli S, Leonarduzzi G. Macrophage polarization by potential nutraceutical compounds: A strategic approach to counteract inflammation in atherosclerosis. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 181:251-269. [PMID: 35158030 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation represents a main event in the onset and progression of atherosclerosis and is closely associated with oxidative stress in a sort of vicious circle that amplifies and sustains all stages of the disease. Key players of atherosclerosis are monocytes/macrophages. According to their pro- or anti-inflammatory phenotype and biological functions, lesional macrophages can release various mediators and enzymes, which in turn contribute to plaque progression and destabilization or, alternatively, lead to its resolution. Among the factors connected to atherosclerotic disease, lipid species carried by low density lipoproteins and pro-oxidant stimuli strongly promote inflammatory events in the vasculature, also by modulating the macrophage phenotyping. Therapies specifically aimed to balance macrophage inflammatory state are increasingly considered as powerful tools to counteract plaque formation and destabilization. In this connection, several molecules of natural origin have been recognized to be active mediators of diverse metabolic and signaling pathways regulating lipid homeostasis, redox state, and inflammation; they are, thus, considered as promising candidates to modulate macrophage responsiveness to pro-atherogenic stimuli. The current knowledge of the capability of nutraceuticals to target macrophage polarization and to counteract atherosclerotic lesion progression, based mainly on in vitro investigation, is summarized in the present review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Sottero
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Turin, Orbassano, Torino, Italy
| | - Gabriella Testa
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Turin, Orbassano, Torino, Italy
| | - Paola Gamba
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Turin, Orbassano, Torino, Italy
| | - Erica Staurenghi
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Turin, Orbassano, Torino, Italy
| | - Serena Giannelli
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Turin, Orbassano, Torino, Italy
| | - Gabriella Leonarduzzi
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Turin, Orbassano, Torino, Italy.
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3
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Xing L, Zhou X, Li AH, Li HJ, He CX, Qin W, Zhao D, Li PQ, Zhu L, Cao HL. Atheroprotective Effects and Molecular Mechanism of Berberine. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:762673. [PMID: 34869592 PMCID: PMC8636941 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.762673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Atherosclerosis is the main pathological basis of cardiovascular diseases and it is closely associated with hyperlipidemia, endothelial injury, macrophage-derived foam cells formation, proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), platelet aggregation, and altered gut microbiota. Various symptomatic treatments, that are currently used to inhibit atherosclerosis, need to be administered in long term and their adverse effects cannot be ignored. Berberine (BBR) has beneficial effects on atherosclerosis through regulating multiple aspects of its progression. This review highlights the recent advances in understanding the anti-atherosclerosis mechanism of BBR. BBR alleviated atherosclerosis by attenuation of dyslipidemia, correction of endothelial dysfunction, inhibition of macrophage inflammation and foam cell formation, activation of macrophage autophagy, regulation of the proliferation and migration of VSMCs, attenuation of platelet aggregation, and modulation of gut microbiota. This review would provide a modern scientific perspective to further understanding the molecular mechanism of BBR attenuating atherosclerosis and supply new ideas for atherosclerosis management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Xing
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ai-Hong Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Herb and Natural Drug Development, Medicine Research Institute, Shaanxi Pharmaceutical Holding Group Co., Ltd., Xi'an, China
| | - Hui-Jin Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chun-Xia He
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Qin
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dong Zhao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Peng-Quan Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Li Zhu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hui-Ling Cao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Herb and Natural Drug Development, Medicine Research Institute, Shaanxi Pharmaceutical Holding Group Co., Ltd., Xi'an, China
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4
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Manosso LM, Arent CO, Borba LA, Ceretta LB, Quevedo J, Réus GZ. Microbiota-Gut-Brain Communication in the SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Cells 2021; 10:1993. [PMID: 34440767 PMCID: PMC8391332 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2). In addition to pneumonia, individuals affected by the disease have neurological symptoms. Indeed, SARS-CoV-2 has a neuroinvasive capacity. It is known that the infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 leads to a cytokine storm. An exacerbated inflammatory state can lead to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage as well as to intestinal dysbiosis. These changes, in turn, are associated with microglial activation and reactivity of astrocytes that can promote the degeneration of neurons and be associated with the development of psychiatric disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. Studies also have been shown that SARS-CoV-2 alters the composition and functional activity of the gut microbiota. The microbiota-gut-brain axis provides a bidirectional homeostatic communication pathway. Thus, this review focuses on studies that show the relationship between inflammation and the gut microbiota-brain axis in SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana M. Manosso
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma 77054-000, SC, Brazil; (L.M.M.); (C.O.A.); (L.A.B.); (J.Q.)
| | - Camila O. Arent
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma 77054-000, SC, Brazil; (L.M.M.); (C.O.A.); (L.A.B.); (J.Q.)
| | - Laura A. Borba
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma 77054-000, SC, Brazil; (L.M.M.); (C.O.A.); (L.A.B.); (J.Q.)
| | - Luciane B. Ceretta
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma 88806-000, SC, Brazil;
| | - João Quevedo
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma 77054-000, SC, Brazil; (L.M.M.); (C.O.A.); (L.A.B.); (J.Q.)
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Gislaine Z. Réus
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma 77054-000, SC, Brazil; (L.M.M.); (C.O.A.); (L.A.B.); (J.Q.)
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5
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Lu L, Huang J, Xue X, Wang T, Huang Z, Li J. Berberine Regulated miR150-5p to Inhibit P2X7 Receptor, EMMPRIN and MMP-9 Expression in oxLDL Induced Macrophages. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:639558. [PMID: 33959010 PMCID: PMC8093865 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.639558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Elevated extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-induced macrophages leads to the progression of vulnerable plaques by degradation of the extracellular matrix. Our previous report showed that berberine regulates the expression of both EMMPRIN and MMP-9. In addition, P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) upregulation plays a crucial role in the development of atherosclerosis. However, it is unclear whether berberine regulated P2X7R level to inhibit both EMMPRIN and MMP-9 expession in macrophages. In the present study, we investigated the impact of berberine on P2X7R expression and the regulation of P2X7R in the expression of EMMPRIN and MMP-9 in oxLDL-induced macrophages. We found that P2X7R expression was increased, miR150-5p was reduced in oxLDL-induced macrophages, relatively. And A-438079 (a P2X7R inhibitor) or miR150-5p mimic treatment greatly reversed the upregulation of EMMPRIN and MMP-9 expression. Moreover, A-438079 significantly reduced oxLDL-induced AMP-activated protein kinase-α (AMPK-α) phosphorylation and reversed the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), which in turn decreased the expression of EMMPRIN and MMP-9. These findings illustrate that P2X7R suppresses EMMPRIN and MMP-9 expression by inhibiting the AMPK-α/MAPK pathway in oxLDL-induced macrophages. Accordingly, exposure to berberine markedly upregulated miR150-5p, decreased P2X7R expression and downregulated MMP-9 and EMMPRIN levels in oxLDL-induced macrophages, resulting in AMPK-α/MAPK (JNK, p38, and ERK) inactivation. Overall, these results indicate that berberine increased miR150-5p level, subsequently inhibits P2X7R-mediated EMMPRIN and MMP-9 expression by suppressing AMPK-α and MAPK signaling in oxLDL-induced macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of WenZhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jianjian Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xia Xue
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of WenZhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ting Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of WenZhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhouqing Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of WenZhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jianmin Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of WenZhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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6
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Cai Y, Xin Q, Lu J, Miao Y, Lin Q, Cong W, Chen K. A New Therapeutic Candidate for Cardiovascular Diseases: Berberine. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:631100. [PMID: 33815112 PMCID: PMC8010184 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.631100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death in the world. However, due to the limited effectiveness and potential adverse effects of current treatments, the long-term prognosis of CVD patients is still discouraging. In recent years, several studies have found that berberine (BBR) has broad application prospects in the prevention and treatment of CVD. Due to its effectiveness and safety for gastroenteritis and diarrhea caused by bacterial infections, BBR has been widely used in China and other Asian countries since the middle of the last century. The development of pharmacology also provides evidence for the multi-targets of BBR in treating CVD. Researches on CVD, such as arrhythmia, atherosclerosis, dyslipidemia, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, myocarditis and cardiomyopathy, heart failure, etc., revealed the cardiovascular protective mechanisms of BBR. This review systematically summarizes the pharmacological research progress of BBR in the treatment of CVD in recent years, confirming that BBR is a promising therapeutic option for CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Cai
- Doctoral Candidate, Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qiqi Xin
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China
| | - Jinjin Lu
- Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Miao
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Lin
- Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Weihong Cong
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China
| | - Keji Chen
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China
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7
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CypB-CD147 Signaling Is Involved in Crosstalk between Cartilage and FLS in Collagen-Induced Arthritis. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:6473858. [PMID: 32908452 PMCID: PMC7475760 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6473858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the crosstalk between cartilage and fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), we adopted an in vitro coculture system model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) cartilage and CIA FLS monolayer. CIA rat samples of the synovium and femur head were collected for isolation of FLS and coculture system. Cartilages were treated with vehicle (Ctrl group), 10 ng/mL interleukin- (IL-) 1α (IL-1α group), and 10 ng/mL IL-1α plus 10 μM dexamethasone (Dex group) for 3 days before coculture with FLS for further 2 days. After the coculture, FLS were collected to determine the influences of articular cartilage on synoviocytes. Whether the CypB-CD147 signaling pathway is involved in the interactions between cartilage and FLS is assayed. Results showed that IL-1α-stimulated CIA cartilage promoted the proliferation and reduced the apoptosis of FLS. Increased inflammatory cytokines and decreased p57 expression were found in cocultured FLS stimulated by IL-1α-challenged CIA cartilage. Upregulation of NF-κB and I-κB kinase β (IKK-β) and downregulation of the inhibitor of NF-κBα (I-κBα) protein were observed in cocultured FLS. After coculture, significant increases in the expression of cyclophilin B (CypB) and CD147 were observed in CIA cartilage and FLS, respectively. Furthermore, results of immunofluorescence staining showed that the anti-CD147 antibody significantly suppressed p65 nuclear translocation in cocultured FLS stimulated by IL-1α-challenged CIA cartilage. In conclusion, inflammatory effects in the cartilage-FLS coculture system are associated with the CypB-CD147 mediating NF-κB pathway which may further enhance the inflammation in RA.
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Inflammation suppression by dexamethasone via inhibition of CD147-mediated NF-κB pathway in collagen-induced arthritis rats. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 473:63-76. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03808-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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9
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Singh AK, Singh SK, Nandi MK, Mishra G, Maurya A, Rai A, Rai GK, Awasthi R, Sharma B, Kulkarni GT. Berberine: A Plant-derived Alkaloid with Therapeutic Potential to Combat Alzheimer's disease. Cent Nerv Syst Agents Med Chem 2020; 19:154-170. [PMID: 31429696 DOI: 10.2174/1871524919666190820160053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Berberine (a protoberberine isoquinoline alkaloid) has shown promising pharmacological activities, including analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-hyperlipidemic, cardioprotective, memory enhancement, antidepressant, antioxidant, anti-nociceptive, antimicrobial, anti- HIV and cholesterol-lowering effects. It is used in the treatment of the neurodegenerative disorder. It has strong evidence to serve as a potent phytoconstituent in the treatment of various neurodegenerative disorders such as AD. It limits the extracellular amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles. It has also lipid-glucose lowering ability, hence can be used as a protective agent in atherosclerosis and AD. However, more detailed investigations along with safety assessment of berberine are warranted to clarify its role in limiting various risk factors and AD-related pathologies. This review highlights the pharmacological basis to control oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and protective effect of berberine in AD, which will benefit to the biological scientists in understanding and exploring the new vistas of berberine in combating Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag K Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine & Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Santosh K Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine & Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Manmath K Nandi
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Ayurveda, Department of medicinal chemistry, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gaurav Mishra
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Ayurveda, Department of medicinal chemistry, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anand Maurya
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Ayurveda, Department of medicinal chemistry, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Arati Rai
- Hygia Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Lucknow-226020, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gopal K Rai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi-221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajendra Awasthi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sec 125, Noida, 201303, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bhupesh Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sec 125, Noida, 201303, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Giriraj T Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sec 125, Noida, 201303, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Kirichenko TV, Sukhorukov VN, Markin AM, Nikiforov NG, Liu PY, Sobenin IA, Tarasov VV, Orekhov AN, Aliev G. Medicinal Plants as a Potential and Successful Treatment Option in the Context of Atherosclerosis. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:403. [PMID: 32322201 PMCID: PMC7156611 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic multifactorial disease characterized by mainly changes of blood lipids profile and inflammation in vessel wall. The cardiovascular disease based on atherosclerosis is currently the leading cause of mortality in developed countries. Therefore, timely prevention and therapy of atherosclerosis are able to reduce the risk of the development of its clinical manifestations. Anti-atherosclerotic activity of medicinal plants mainly appears in their multiple effects such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-atherogenic, hypotensive, lipid-lowering, anti-thrombotic. Moreover, most of medicinal plants are characterized by their pleiotropic anti-atherosclerotic action. In addition, the medicinal plants-derived pharmacological substances and/or compounds are characterized by relative safety and fewer side effects that allows considering them as one of potential anti-atherosclerotic effective agents. The direct anti-atherosclerotic effect of some medicinal plants was confirmed in clinical trials of carotid Intima-media thickness (IMT) progression during long-term medication with medicinal plants. This review attempted to determine the current status of the databases PubMed and Scopus (until November, 2019) to investigate the medicinal plants possessing anti-atherosclerotic activity in experimental and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana V. Kirichenko
- Laboratory of Infection Pathology and Molecular Microecology, Research Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vasily N. Sukhorukov
- Laboratory of Infection Pathology and Molecular Microecology, Research Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander M. Markin
- Laboratory of Infection Pathology and Molecular Microecology, Research Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikita G. Nikiforov
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ping-Yen Liu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Igor A. Sobenin
- Laboratory of Infection Pathology and Molecular Microecology, Research Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vadim V. Tarasov
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander N. Orekhov
- Laboratory of Infection Pathology and Molecular Microecology, Research Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Gjumrakch Aliev
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Russia
- GALLY International Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Research Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russia
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Tavasolian F, Moghaddam AS, Rohani F, Abdollahi E, Janzamin E, Momtazi-Borojeni AA, Moallem SA, Jamialahmadi T, Sahebkar A. Exosomes: Effectual players in rheumatoid arthritis. Autoimmun Rev 2020; 19:102511. [PMID: 32171920 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2020.102511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is a well-known chronic inflammatory joint disorder. It encompasses systemic inflammation, autoimmunity and development of several joint abnormalities leading to the lifelong disability and increased mortality. Exosomes are nano-sized (30-100 nm) mammalian extracellular particles with essential properties to regulate biological processes and cellular signaling by transferring protein and genetic materials. Understanding the diversity in the exosomal contents and their corresponding targets may contribute to better recognition of the processes that are implicated in the development and progression of diseases such as autoimmune disorders. Exosomes may act as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of autoimmune disorders. In the present review, we aimed to bring together the relevant evidence on the biology of exosomes in rheumatoid arthritis, and also discuss the recent findings regarding the diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic promise of these nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fataneh Tavasolian
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Flowcyt Science-Based Company, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Shapouri Moghaddam
- Department of Immunology, Bu-Ali Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fattah Rohani
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Shahrekord, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Elham Abdollahi
- Department of Medical Immunology and Allergy, Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Amir Abbas Momtazi-Borojeni
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran; Nanotechnology Research Center, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Adel Moallem
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Al-Zahraa University, Karbala, Iraq
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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12
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Fatahian A, Haftcheshmeh SM, Azhdari S, Farshchi HK, Nikfar B, Momtazi-Borojeni AA. Promising Anti-atherosclerotic Effect of Berberine: Evidence from In Vitro, In Vivo, and Clinical Studies. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 178:83-110. [PMID: 32789786 DOI: 10.1007/112_2020_42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Elevated levels of plasma cholesterol, impaired vascular wall, and presence of inflammatory macrophages are important atherogenic risk factors contributing to atherosclerotic plaque formation and progression. The interventions modulating these risk factors have been found to protect against atherosclerosis development and to decrease atherosclerosis-related cardiovascular disorders. Nutritional approaches involving supplements followed by improving dietary habits and lifestyle have become growingly attractive and acceptable methods used to control atherosclerosis risk factors, mainly high levels of plasma cholesterol. There are a large number of studies that show berberine, a plant bioactive compound, could ameliorate atherosclerosis-related risk factors. In the present literature review, we put together this studies and provide integrated evidence that exhibits berberine has the potential atheroprotective effect through reducing increased levels of plasma cholesterol, particularly low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (LDL-C) via LDL receptor (LDLR)-dependent and LDL receptor-independent mechanisms, inhibiting migration and inflammatory activity of macrophages, improving the functionality of endothelial cells via anti-oxidant activities, and suppressing proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. In conclusion, berberine can exert inhibitory effects on the atherosclerotic plaque development mainly through LDL-lowering activity and suppressing atherogenic functions of mentioned cells. As the second achievement of this review, among the signaling pathways through which berberine regulates intracellular processes, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has a central and critical role, showing that enhancing activity of AMPK pathway can be considered as a promising therapeutic approach for atherosclerosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Fatahian
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | | | - Sara Azhdari
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
| | - Helaleh Kaboli Farshchi
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Banafsheh Nikfar
- Pars Advanced and Minimally Invasive Medical Manners Research Center, Pars Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amir Abbas Momtazi-Borojeni
- Halal research center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Yu B, Zhang Y, Wu K, Wang L, Jiang Y, Chen W, Yan M. CD147 promotes progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma via NF-kappa B signaling. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 23:954-966. [PMID: 30421493 PMCID: PMC6349162 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
CD147/basigin (BSG) is highly upregulated in many types of cancer, our previous study has found that CD147/BSG is highly expressed in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) stem cells, but its role in HNSCC and the underlying mechanism is still unknown. In this study, we investigated the role of CD147 in the progression of HNSCC. Real-time PCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of CD147 in total 189 HNSCC tissues in compared with normal tissues. In addition, we used proliferation, colony formation, cell cycle and apoptosis, migration and invasion as well as wound-healing assay to determine the biological roles of CD147 in HNSCC. Then, a xenograft model was performed to evaluate tumor-promoting and metastasis-promoting role of CD147 in HNSCC. The results showed that upregulated CD147 expression was associated with aggressive clinicopathologic features in HNSCC. In addition, CD147 promoted proliferation, migration and reduced the apoptosis phenotype of HNSCC cells in vitro as well as tumor initiation and progression in vivo. Furthermore, we demonstrated that CD147 promoted HNSCC progression through nuclear factor kappa B signaling. Therefore, we concluded that CD147 promoted tumor progression in HNSCC and might be a potential prognostic and treatment biomarker for HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Yu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Kailiu Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lizhen Wang
- Department of Oral Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingying Jiang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wantao Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Yan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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14
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Qiao L, Chen W. Atheroprotective effects and molecular targets of bioactive compounds from traditional Chinese medicine. Pharmacol Res 2018; 135:212-229. [PMID: 30107203 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has served the Chinese people since antiquity, and is playing an important role in today's healthcare. However, there has been controversy in the use of these traditional herbs due to unclear components and absence of scientific proof. As China plans to modernize traditional medicine, successful attempts to better understand the molecular mechanisms of TCM have been made by focusing on isolating active ingredients from these remedies. In this review, we critically examined the current evidence on atheroprotective effects of bioactive compounds from TCM using in vitro or in vivo models in the past two decades. A total of 47 active compounds were included in our review, which were introduced in the order of chemical structures, source, model, efficacy and mechanism. Notablely, this review highlighted the cellular and molecular mechanisms of these active compounds in prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis. Two compounds were also involved in double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials (RCTs). Besides, we introduced the legislations of the People's Republic of China ensuring quality and safety of products used in TCM. In summary, studies on bioactive compounds from TCM will provide a new approach for better management of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qiao
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wenqiang Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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15
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Huang Z, Ye B, Han J, Kong F, Shan P, Lu Z, Huang Z, Huang W. NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 inflammasome is activated and inhibited by berberine via toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88/nuclear factor-κB pathway, in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-induced macrophages. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:2673-2680. [PMID: 29207123 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-containing family, pyrin domain-containing-3 (NLRP-3) inflammasome has recently emerged as a pivotal regulator of chronic inflammation. The present study investigated the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced macrophages, and aimed to identify the effects of berberine on the inflammasome. Human monocytic THP-1 cells were pretreated with berberine for 1 h and then induced with PMA for 48 h. Total RNA and protein were collected for reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis, respectively. Supernatants were collected to determine IL-1β levels by using ELISA. The present study demonstrated that NLRP3 inflammasome and IL-1β were activated in PMA-induced macrophages in a time-dependent manner, whereas berberine significantly inhibited their expression in a dose-dependent manner in PMA-induced macrophages. Furthermore, berberine also suppressed the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (Myd88)/nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathway which was activated during the conversion of THP-1 cells to macrophages by PMA. In conclusion, berberine reduced NLRP3 inflammasone expression by suppressing the activation of the TLR4/Myd88/NF-κB signaling pathway in PMA-induced macrophages. This inhibitory effect may imply an important role of berberine on chronic inflammation and atherogenic progression in coronary artery disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouqing Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Bozhi Ye
- Department of Cardiology, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Jibo Han
- Department of Cardiology, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Fanqi Kong
- Department of Cardiology, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Peiren Shan
- Department of Cardiology, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Zhongqiu Lu
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Zhouqing Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Weijian Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
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16
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Liang X, Hou X, Yang Y, Liu H, Guo R, Yang Z, Yang L. The feedback loop of "EMMPRIN/NF-κB" worsens atherosclerotic plaque via suppressing autophagy in macrophage. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2017; 114:129-140. [PMID: 29154780 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the significance of macrophage autophagy in extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN)-mediated atherosclerosis (AS). Apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice were fed a western diet to establish an AS model. EMMPRIN and p62/Sequestosome-1(SQSTM1) expression were evaluated in plaque macrophages from the AS mice using immunofluorescence. The EMMPRIN and p62/SQSTM1 protein expression levels in macrophages increased with the increasing vulnerability of the atherosclerotic plaques. RAW264.7 cells and ApoE-/- mice Bone Marrow-derived macrophages were transfected with different small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) or plasmids, or treated with different drugs in the presence or absence of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL). The protein levels of the targets were evaluated using western blotting (WB), and the autophagosomes were observed under a transmission electron microscope (TEM). Over-expressed EMMPRIN dramatically inhibited oxLDL-mediated autophagy. EMMPRIN also negatively regulated autophagy primarily through the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signalling pathway. In turn, activated NF-κB up-regulated EMMPRIN expression. Inhibition of EMMPRIN decreased cell apoptosis and the release of inflammatory cytokines via the promotion of macrophage autophagy. Infection with an adenovirus delivering the EMMPRIN-siRNA ameliorated AS, promoted macrophage autophagy in plaques and reduced the serum TNF-α, IL-6, MCP-1 and NF-κB expression levels in the AS mice. Chloroquine (CQ) reversed these effects. This study revealed for the first time that the feedback loop of the "EMMPRIN/NF-κB" pathway plays an important role in atherosclerotic plaques via modulation of autophagy in macrophages, which might provide a potential strategy for the clinical treatment of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Liang
- Department of Postgraduate, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038,China; Department of Cardiology, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Area, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Xianhua Hou
- Department of Neurology, Southwestern Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Chongqing Blood Centre, Institute of blood transfusion, Chongqing 400000, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Dali University Dali University School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan, 671000, China
| | - Ruiwei Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Area, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Zhihua Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Area, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Lixia Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Area, Yunnan 650032, China.
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17
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Cao J, Ye B, Lin L, Tian L, Yang H, Wang C, Huang W, Huang Z. Curcumin Alleviates oxLDL Induced MMP-9 and EMMPRIN Expression through the Inhibition of NF-κB and MAPK Pathways in Macrophages. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:62. [PMID: 28261097 PMCID: PMC5306337 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rupture of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques is the leading cause of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and unstable angina pectoris (UA). However, it still lacks an effective therapy to stabilize the vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques. Numerous reports have shown that upregulation of MMP-9 (matrix metalloproteinase-9) and EMMPRIN (extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer) in macrophages is involved in the progression and development of vulnerable plaques. Here we evaluated the impact of curcumin on the expression of MMP-9 and EMMPRIN in macrophages. Macrophages were pretreated with curcumin or specific inhibitors (p38 MAPK inhibitor, NF-κB p65 inhibitor) for 1 h, then cells were cultured with oxLDL for indicated time. Real-time PCR and Western blot analysis were used to evaluate the expression of mRNA and proteins. Translocation of NF-κB p65 was detected by using laser confocal microscopy. Here we showed that curcumin attenuated the MMP-9 and EMMPRIN expression in oxLDL stimulated macrophages. Further studies revealed that curcumin inhibited oxLDL induced NF-κB activation and p38 MAPK phosphorylation. These findings illustrated that curcumin can inhibit the expression of EMMPRIN and MMP-9 in oxLDL stimulated macrophages through down regulation of NF-κB and p38 MAPK signaling pathways, which might be the molecular mechanism for the anti-atherosclerotic effect of curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiatian Cao
- Division of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China; Division of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Ninth Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Bozhi Ye
- Division of Cardiology, The Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of WenZhou Medical University WenZhou, China
| | - Lu Lin
- Division of Cardiology, The Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of WenZhou Medical University WenZhou, China
| | - Lei Tian
- Division of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Ninth Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai, China
| | - Hongbo Yang
- Division of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University Shanghai, China
| | - Changqian Wang
- Division of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Ninth Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai, China
| | - Weijian Huang
- Division of Cardiology, The Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of WenZhou Medical University WenZhou, China
| | - Zhouqing Huang
- Division of Cardiology, The Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of WenZhou Medical University WenZhou, China
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Sanda GM, Deleanu M, Toma L, Stancu CS, Simionescu M, Sima AV. Oxidized LDL-Exposed Human Macrophages Display Increased MMP-9 Expression and Secretion Mediated by Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. J Cell Biochem 2016; 118:661-669. [PMID: 27341688 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Oxidatively modified low-density lipoproteins (oxLDL) alter the proper function of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), inducing ER stress (ERS), which consequently activates inflammatory pathways in macrophages. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is the main protease acting on the degradation of the extracellular matrix and the ensuing destabilization of the atherosclerotic plaque. We aimed to investigate whether ERS induced by oxLDL or tunicamycin (TM) in human macrophages is associated with the stimulation of MMP-9 expression and secretion. The results showed that oxLDL induced in THP-1 macrophages: (i) increase of MMP-9 gene expression and its pro-form secretion, (ii) intracellular accumulation of 7-ketocholesterol, (iii) ERS activation (increased eIF2α phosphorylation, XBP1 and CHOP mRNA levels, and Grp78 protein expression), and (iv) oxidative stress (increased levels of reactive oxygen species and NADPH oxidase activity). Incubation of macrophages with ERS inducer, TM determined the secretion of both pro- and active-form of MMP-9 and oxidative stress. Treatment of oxLDL or TM-incubated cells with ERS inhibitor, sodium phenylbutyrate decreased MMP-9 gene expression, secretion, and activity. The inhibitor of NADPH oxidase, apocynin, decreased XBP-1 and CHOP mRNA levels, and MMP-9 gene expression and secretion in oxLDL-exposed cells. In conclusion, oxLDL stimulate MMP-9 expression and secretion in human macrophages by mechanisms involving ERS. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 661-669, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela M Sanda
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8, B.P. Hasdeu Street, Bucharest, 050568, Romania
| | - Mariana Deleanu
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8, B.P. Hasdeu Street, Bucharest, 050568, Romania.,Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Agronomical Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Laura Toma
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8, B.P. Hasdeu Street, Bucharest, 050568, Romania
| | - Camelia S Stancu
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8, B.P. Hasdeu Street, Bucharest, 050568, Romania
| | - Maya Simionescu
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8, B.P. Hasdeu Street, Bucharest, 050568, Romania
| | - Anca V Sima
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8, B.P. Hasdeu Street, Bucharest, 050568, Romania
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Imenshahidi M, Hosseinzadeh H. Berberis Vulgaris and Berberine: An Update Review. Phytother Res 2016; 30:1745-1764. [PMID: 27528198 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Berberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid present in several plants, including Coptis sp. and Berberis sp. Berberine is a customary component in Chinese medicine, and is characterized by a diversity of pharmacological effects. An extensive search in electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Ovid, Wiley, ProQuest, ISI, and Science Direct) were used to identify the pharmacological and clinical studies on Berberis vulgaris and berberine, during 2008 to 2015, using 'berberine' and 'Berberis vulgaris' as search words. We found more than 1200 new article studying the properties and clinical uses of berberine and B. vulgaris, for treating tumor, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hyperlipidemia, inflammation, bacterial and viral infections, cerebral ischemia trauma, mental disease, Alzheimer disease, osteoporosis, and so on. In this article, we have updated the pharmacological effects of B. vulgaris and its active constituent, berberine. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Imenshahidi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Kemmner S, Schulte C, Hann von Weyhern C, Schmidt R, Baumann M, Heemann U, Renders L, Schmaderer C. EMMPRIN expression is involved in the development of interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy in human kidney allografts. Clin Transplant 2016; 30:218-25. [DOI: 10.1111/ctr.12677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Kemmner
- Department of Nephrology; Klinikum rechts der Isar; Technische Universität München; Munich Germany
| | - Christian Schulte
- Department of Nephrology; Klinikum rechts der Isar; Technische Universität München; Munich Germany
| | - Claus Hann von Weyhern
- Department of Pathology; Klinikum rechts der Isar; Technische Universität München; Munich Germany
| | - Roland Schmidt
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München; Technische Universität München; Munich Germany
| | - Marcus Baumann
- Department of Nephrology; Klinikum rechts der Isar; Technische Universität München; Munich Germany
| | - Uwe Heemann
- Department of Nephrology; Klinikum rechts der Isar; Technische Universität München; Munich Germany
| | - Lutz Renders
- Department of Nephrology; Klinikum rechts der Isar; Technische Universität München; Munich Germany
| | - Christoph Schmaderer
- Department of Nephrology; Klinikum rechts der Isar; Technische Universität München; Munich Germany
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Abstract
Berberine, an important protoberberine isoquinoline alkaloid, has several pharmacological activities, including antimicrobial, glucose- and cholesterol-lowering, antitumoral, and immunomodulatory properties. Substantial studies suggest that berberine may be beneficial to Alzheimer's disease (AD) by limiting the pathogenesis of extracellular amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles. Increasing evidence has indicated that berberine exerts a protective role in atherosclerosis related to lipid- and glucose-lowering properties, implicating that berberine has the potential to inhibit these risk factors for AD. This review also attempts to discuss the pharmacological basis through which berberine may retard oxidative stress and neuroinflammation to exhibit its protective role in AD. Accordingly, berberine might be considered a potential therapeutic approach to prevent or delay the process of AD. However, more detailed investigations along with a safety assessment of berberine are warranted to clarify the role of berberine in limiting these risk factors and AD-related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyou Cai
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan Renmin Hospital, Shiyan, Hubei Province
| | - Chuanling Wang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan Renmin Hospital, Shiyan, Hubei Province
| | - Wenming Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
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22
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Pirillo A, Catapano AL. Berberine, a plant alkaloid with lipid- and glucose-lowering properties: From in vitro evidence to clinical studies. Atherosclerosis 2015; 243:449-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Huang Z, Han Z, Ye B, Dai Z, Shan P, Lu Z, Dai K, Wang C, Huang W. Berberine alleviates cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury by inhibiting excessive autophagy in cardiomyocytes. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 762:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Fan X, Wang J, Hou J, Lin C, Bensoussan A, Chang D, Liu J, Wang B. Berberine alleviates ox-LDL induced inflammatory factors by up-regulation of autophagy via AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. J Transl Med 2015; 13:92. [PMID: 25884210 PMCID: PMC4365560 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-015-0450-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammation induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Recently, roles of autophagy against inflammation in the process of atherosclerosis have drawn increasing attention. Here, we tested the possible molecular mechanisms by which berberine confers an anti-inflammatory effect in macrophages by upregulation of autophagy. Methods J774A.1 macrophages were incubated with various doses of ox-LDL for various times. We evaluated the inflammatory factors and autophagy proteins (LC3II/LC3I, and SQSTM1/p62) to ascertain the optimal dose and time. Ox-LDL–induced inflammatory factors and autophagy in J774A.1 cells were tested by the AimPlex multiplex assay, Western blotting, confocal microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy in the presence of berberine or chloroquine (CQ). Adenosine 5’-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) inhibitor compound C was used to evaluate the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. Results Berberine dose- and time-dependently reduced ox-LDL–induced inflammation and increased the ratio of LC3II/LC3I, and SQSTM1/p62 in J774A.1 cells. CQ significantly attenuated the berberine-induced autophagy and anti-inflammation. In addition, berberine increased the ratio of p-AMPK/AMPK and decreased the ratio of p-mTOR/mTOR. AMPK inhibitor compound C abolished berberine-induced autophagy and promoted p-mTOR/mTOR expression in J774A.1 cells. Conclusion Berberine treatment inhibits inflammation in J774A.1 cells by inducing autophagy, which is mediated through activation of the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. Importantly, this study provides new insight into berberine’s molecular mechanism and its therapeutic potential in the treatment of atherosclerosis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12967-015-0450-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodi Fan
- Department of Tianjin, University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China. .,Department of Experimental Research Center, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 1 Xiyuan Caochang, Hai Dian District, Beijing, 100091, China.
| | - Jun Wang
- Institute of Basic Theory, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Jincai Hou
- Department of Experimental Research Center, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 1 Xiyuan Caochang, Hai Dian District, Beijing, 100091, China.
| | - Chengren Lin
- Department of Experimental Research Center, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 1 Xiyuan Caochang, Hai Dian District, Beijing, 100091, China.
| | - Alan Bensoussan
- Centre for Complementary Medicine Research, School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney, Parramatta, NSW, 2751, Australia.
| | - Dennis Chang
- Centre for Complementary Medicine Research, School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney, Parramatta, NSW, 2751, Australia.
| | - Jianxun Liu
- Department of Experimental Research Center, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 1 Xiyuan Caochang, Hai Dian District, Beijing, 100091, China.
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
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Zimetti F, Adorni MP, Ronda N, Gatti R, Bernini F, Favari E. The natural compound berberine positively affects macrophage functions involved in atherogenesis. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2015; 25:195-201. [PMID: 25240689 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2014.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Revised: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS We investigated the effect of berberine (BBR), an alkaloid showing antiatherogenic properties beyond the cholesterol lowering capacity, on macrophage cholesterol handling upon exposure to human serum and on macrophage responses to excess free cholesterol (FC) loading. METHODS AND RESULTS Mouse and human macrophages were utilized as cellular models. Cholesterol content was measured by a fluorimetric assay; cholesterol efflux, cytotoxicity and membrane FC distribution were evaluated by radioisotopic assays. Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) secretion was measured by ELISA; membrane ruffling and macropinocytosis were visualized by confocal microscopy. Exposure of cholesterol-enriched MPM to serum in the presence of 1 μM BBR resulted in a reduction of intracellular cholesterol content twice greater than exposure to serum alone (-52%; p < 0.01 and -21%; p < 0.05), an effect not mediated by an increase of cholesterol efflux, but rather by the inhibition of cholesterol uptake from serum. Consistently, BBR inhibited in a dose-dependent manner cholesterol accumulation in human macrophages exposed to hypercholesterolemic serum. Confocal microscope analysis revealed that BBR inhibited macropinocytosis, an independent-receptor process involved in LDL internalization. Macrophage FC-enrichment increased MCP-1 release by 1.5 folds, increased cytotoxicity by 2 fold, and induced membrane ruffling; all these responses were markedly inhibited by BBR. FC-enrichment led to an increase in plasma membrane cholesterol by 4.5 folds, an effect counteracted by BBR. CONCLUSION We showed novel potentially atheroprotective activities of BBR in macrophages, consisting in the inhibition of serum-induced cholesterol accumulation, occurring at least in part through an impairment of macropinocytosis, and of FC-induced deleterious effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Zimetti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - M P Adorni
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - N Ronda
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - R Gatti
- Department of Biomedical, Biotechnology and Translational Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - F Bernini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - E Favari
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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Chen J, Cao J, Fang L, Liu B, Zhou Q, Sun Y, Wang Y, Li Y, Meng S. Berberine derivatives reduce atherosclerotic plaque size and vulnerability in apoE(-/-) mice. J Transl Med 2014; 12:326. [PMID: 25425200 PMCID: PMC4261588 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-014-0326-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Our previous in vitro and clinical work has demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects of berberine (BBR), but the clinical application of BBR is limited by its poor bioavailability. Derivatives of BBR have been suggested to have enhanced bioavailability compared to BBR. In this study, we tested whether BBR derivatives, compared with BBR, had superior beneficial effects on atherosclerotic plaques in apoE−/− mice, and defined possible molecular mechanisms underlying such effects. Methods Macrophages were pretreated with BBR and its derivatives, dihydroberberine (dhBBR) and 8,8-dimethyldihydroberberine (Di-MeBBR), before incubation with oxLDL. Cell surface EMMPRIN expression was measured by flow cytometry and Western blotting, and phospho-(p)-p38, p-JNK, nuclear NFκB p65, and phospho-p65 were measured by Western blotting. ApoE−/− mice fed with the Western diet for 16 weeks were treated with BBR, dhBBR and Di-MeBBR 16 weeks. Aortic atherosclerotic lesion size, plaque matrix proteins, and EMMPRIN and other inflammatory factors were measured using Oil Red O Staining, Masson’s trichromestaining and immunohistochemical staining and real-time PCR. Results Compared with BBR, dhBBR and Di-MeBBR significantly reduced EMMPRIN expression, which was associated with a greater inhibition of p-p38, p-JNK, nuclear NFκB p65 and phospho-p65 induced by oxLDL in macrophages. dhBBR and Di-MeBBR, but not BBR, reduced atherosclerotic plaque size and improved plaque stability indicated by increased α-smooth muscle actin and collagen content, and thicker fibrous caps. dhBBR and Di-MeBBR reduced expression of EMMPRIN, CD68, and NFκB p65, and Di-MeBBR also reduced expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in aortic plaques. Conclusions These results have demonstrated that BBR derivatives, dhBBR and Di-MeBBR, are superior to BBR in inhibiting inflammation and reducing plaque size and vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwen Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jiatian Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Lu Fang
- Vascular Pharmacology Laboratory, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yinggang Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yigang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shu Meng
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Berberine exposure triggers developmental effects on planarian regeneration. Sci Rep 2014; 4:4914. [PMID: 24810466 PMCID: PMC4014983 DOI: 10.1038/srep04914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms of action underlying the pharmacological properties of the natural alkaloid berberine still need investigation. Planarian regeneration is instrumental in deciphering developmental responses following drug exposure. Here we report the effects of berberine on regeneration in the planarian Dugesia japonica. Our findings demonstrate that this compound perturbs the regenerative pattern. By real-time PCR screening for the effects of berberine exposure on gene expression, we identified alterations in the transcriptional profile of genes representative of different tissues, as well as of genes involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. Although berberine does not influence cell proliferation/apoptosis, our experiments prove that this compound causes abnormal regeneration of the planarian visual system. Potential berberine-induced cytotoxic effects were noticed in the intestine. Although we were unable to detect abnormalities in other structures, our findings, sustained by RNAi-based investigations, support the possibility that berberine effects are critically linked to anomalous ECM remodeling in treated planarians.
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Zhu Y, Yang P, Zhang X, Zhang L, Cui G, Wang Q, Lv L, Zhang Y, Xin X, Yan T, Zhao M, Zhang N. The effect and mechanism of CXCR4 silencing on metastasis suppression of human glioma U87 cell line. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2013; 296:1857-64. [PMID: 24249397 DOI: 10.1002/ar.22825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Tumor metastasis is the major cause of treatment failure and poor prognosis of glioma. Inhibiting metastasis has become an important therapeutic strategy for glioma treatment. CXCR4 has been proved to play an important role in the occurrence and development of tumors. In order to illustrate the effect of CXCR4 on glioma metastasis, we investigated the role of CXCR4 in U87 cells metastasis based on the CXCR4 silencing tumor cells. In this study, we found that CXCR4 silencing could suppress U87 cells invasion and adhesion potential, production of TGF-β1, IL-6, and IL-8, and blocked the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle. We also found that CXCR4 silencing could up-regulate the mRNA and protein expression of p53, p21, and E-cadherin, and down-regulate the mRNA and protein expression of CD44 and MMP-2/-9. Meanwhile, CXCR4 silencing could decrease the phosphorylation of p-AKT and transcription activity of NF-κB promoter, and increased the phosphorylation of PTEN. The results provided a new research basis for the further study of CXCR4 gene, the screening of human glioma, as well as the target treatment for glioma and its prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Huan Hu Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vessels and Neural Degeneration, Tianjin, 300060, China
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Berberine-induced inhibition of adipocyte enhancer-binding protein 1 attenuates oxidized low-density lipoprotein accumulation and foam cell formation in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-induced macrophages. Eur J Pharmacol 2012; 690:164-9. [PMID: 22796454 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2012.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2012] [Revised: 06/23/2012] [Accepted: 07/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The phagocytosis of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) by monocyte-derived macrophages and the subsequent differentiation of macrophages into foam cells are the key steps in atherogenesis. Scavenger receptors, such as CD36 and lectin-like low-density lipoprotein receptor 1 (LOX-1), are responsible for the uptake of oxLDL. Adipocyte enhancer-binding protein 1 (AEBP1) regulates many key genes associated with intracellular cholesterol efflux. The present study investigated the function of berberine, a compound isolated from Rhizoma coptidis, on foam cell formation, and explored the possible underlying mechanism. We found that berberine inhibited the oxLDL uptake of macrophages and reduced foam cell formation in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, AEBP1 expression in macrophages increased and decreased after oxLDL and berberine treatments in a dose-dependent manner, respectively. Berberine reduced the expression of scavenger receptors CD36 and LOX-1, but did not affect the expression of CD68 in oxLDL-stimulated macrophages. Overall, berberine reduced foam cell formation by a dual mechanism, which decreased oxLDL internalization via the suppression of CD36 and LOX-1, and increased cholesterol efflux by inhibiting AEBP1 expression in macrophages.
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