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Sasidharan R, Mohanan R, Kukreti N, Raj P, Abdelgawad MA, Ghoneim MM, Manju SL, Mathew B. MAO-B Inhibitor (2E)-3-(4-Bromophenyl)-1-(1H-indol-3-yl) prop-2-en-1-one as a Neuroprotective Agent Against Alzheimer's Disease. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:1518-1528. [PMID: 37814132 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-04031-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Chalcones (trans-1,3-diphenyl-2-propen-1-ones) form simple chemical structures that act as precursors for the biogenesis of flavonoids. These are distributed in plants and have two aromatic or heteroaromatic rings connected by a three-carbon α, β-unsaturated carbonyl group. Considering the importance of chalcones as monoamine oxidase and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, the study was designed as a comprehensive and systematic analysis to evaluate the pharmacological activities leading to the formation of drug molecules against Alzheimer's disease (AD). Based on our previous research, 11 indolyl chalcones (IC1-IC11) were synthesised and investigated for MAO-B inhibitory activity. The inhibitory potential was evaluated based on binding and reversibility studies using purified enzymes. The active and most promising molecule, (2E)-3-(4-bromophenyl)-1-(1H-indol-3-yl) prop-2-en-1-one (IC9), also found predominant acetylcholinesterase inhibition and hence it was found dual acting in vitro. Based on this, the molecule IC9 was further subjected to cell line studies to further explore its role as a neuroprotective agent against neuronal degeneration, one of the main contributing parameters related to AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rani Sasidharan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695011, India
| | - Ratheesh Mohanan
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Thomas College, Pala, Kottayam, Kerala, 686574, India
| | - Neelima Kukreti
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India
| | - Praveen Raj
- St. Joseph's College of Pharmacy, Cherthala, Kerala, 688524, India
| | - Mohamed A Abdelgawad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, 72341, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62514, Egypt
| | - Mohammed M Ghoneim
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Al Maarefa University, 13713, Ad Diriyah, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Sreedharannair L Manju
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, 682 041, India.
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Jose J, Varughese JK, Parvez MK, Mathew TV. Probing the inhibition of MAO-B by chalcones: an integrated approach combining molecular docking, ADME analysis, MD simulation, and MM-PBSA calculations. J Mol Model 2024; 30:103. [PMID: 38478122 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-024-05889-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B), an enzyme of significant relevance in the realm of neurodegenerative disorders, has garnered considerable attention as a potential target for therapeutic intervention. Natural compounds known as chalcones have shown potential as MAO-B inhibitors. In this particular study, we employed a multimodal computational method to evaluate the inhibitory effects of chalcones on MAO-B. METHODS Molecular docking methods were used to study and assess the complicated binding interactions that occur between chalcones and MAO-B. This extensive analysis provided a valuable and deep understanding of possible binding methods as well as the key residues implicated in the inhibition process. Furthermore, the ADME investigation gave valuable insights into the pharmacokinetic properties of chalcones. This allowed them to be assessed in terms of drug-like attributes. The use of MD simulations has benefited in the research of ligand-protein interactions' dynamic behaviour and temporal stability. MM-PBSA calculations were also done to estimate the binding free energies and acquire a better knowledge and understanding of the binding affinity between chalcones and MAO-B. Our thorough method gives a thorough knowledge of chalcones' potential as MAO-B inhibitors, which will be useful for future experimental validation and drug development efforts in the context of neurodegenerative illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisna Jose
- Department of Chemistry, St. Thomas College, Palai, Arunapuram P.O., Kottayam, Kerala, 686574, India
| | - Jibin K Varughese
- Department of Chemistry, St. Thomas College, Palai, Arunapuram P.O., Kottayam, Kerala, 686574, India
| | - Mohammad Khalid Parvez
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thomas V Mathew
- Department of Chemistry, St. Thomas College, Palai, Arunapuram P.O., Kottayam, Kerala, 686574, India.
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3
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Dhillon S, Kinger M, Rani P, Chahal M, Kumari G, Aneja DK, Kim SW, Choi E, Kumar S. Advances in Aβ imaging probes: a comprehensive study of radiolabelled 1,3-diaryl-2-propen-1-ones for Alzheimer's disease: a review. RSC Adv 2023; 13:35877-35903. [PMID: 38090082 PMCID: PMC10712011 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06258a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a formidable neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline, memory impairment and inability to perform everyday tasks. In the pursuit of innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, the synthesis and application of radiolabelled compounds have garnered significant attention. This review delves into the synthesis and biological significance of radiolabelled 1,3-diaryl-2-propen-1-ones, commonly known as chalcones, as Aβ imaging probes for AD. These versatile chalcone derivatives have demonstrated noteworthy potential as radiotracers for visualizing Aβ imaging probes, which are hallmark pathologies of AD. This review encompasses an exploration of chalcone synthesis via diverse methodologies and their biological implications, both as standalone entities and as precursors for intricate natural products. In addition, the pivotal role of advanced imaging techniques, such as single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET), using various radioisotopes is highlighted. The use of radiopharmaceutical agents, including [18F]FDG, [18F]FMAPO, [11C]6-Me-BTA-1, [124/125I]IBETA, and [64Cu]YW-7 as potent tools for early diagnosis and therapeutic advancement is explored. This review underscores the critical nexus between radiolabelled chalcones and their pivotal role in advancing diagnostic and therapeutic paradigms in AD research. Furthermore, this study encapsulated the role of radiolabelled chalcone emphasizing their prospective implications for drug development and therapeutic interventions. A focal point of paramount significance is the elucidation of Aβ imaging probes and its important role in the combat against AD, with a particular emphasis on their role in facilitating early diagnosis and fostering advancements in therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudeep Dhillon
- Department of Chemistry, Chaudhary Bansi Lal University Bhiwani 127031 Haryana India
| | - Mayank Kinger
- Department of Chemistry, Chaudhary Bansi Lal University Bhiwani 127031 Haryana India
| | - Priyanka Rani
- Department of Chemistry, Chaudhary Bansi Lal University Bhiwani 127031 Haryana India
| | - Mamta Chahal
- Department of Chemistry, Chaudhary Bansi Lal University Bhiwani 127031 Haryana India
| | - Ginna Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, Chaudhary Bansi Lal University Bhiwani 127031 Haryana India
| | - Deepak Kumar Aneja
- Department of Chemistry, Chaudhary Bansi Lal University Bhiwani 127031 Haryana India
| | - Sang Wook Kim
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Dongguk University Gyeongju 38066 Republic of Korea
| | - Eunseok Choi
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Dongguk University Gyeongju 38066 Republic of Korea
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Biozenta Lifescience Pvt. Ltd Ind. Area Tahliwal Una HP 174303 India
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4
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Perumal K, Lee J, Annes SB, Ramesh S, Rangarajan TM, Mathew B, Kim H. An efficient method to access spiro pseudoindoxyl ketones: evaluation of indoxyl and their N-benzylated derivatives for inhibition of the activity of monoamine oxidases. RSC Adv 2023; 13:24925-24935. [PMID: 37614797 PMCID: PMC10442599 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra03641c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A simple, metal-free approach was developed to obtain novel pseudoindoxyl derivatives. The reaction was mediated by tBuOK on tetrahydrocarbazole 8 in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) at room temperature through the hydroxylation of the indole double bond and a subsequent pinacol-type rearrangement. Spiro pseudoindoxyl compounds and their N-benzylated derivatives were assessed for their inhibitory activities against monoamine oxidase (MAO) enzymes. Based on half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values, 13 compounds were found to have higher inhibitory activity against MAO-B than against MAO-A. With regard to MAO-B inhibition, 11f showed the best inhibitory activity, with an IC50 value of 1.44 μM, followed by 11h (IC50 = 1.60 μM), 11j (IC50 = 2.78 μM), 11d (IC50 = 2.81 μM), and 11i (IC50 = 3.02 μM). Compound 11f was a competitive inhibitor with a Ki value of 0.51 ± 0.023 μM. In a reversibility experiment using dialysis, 11f showed effective recovery of MAO-B inhibition similar to that of safinamide. These experiments suggested that 11f was a potent, reversible, and competitive inhibitor of MAO-B activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karuppaiah Perumal
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University Thanjavur 613 401 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Jiseong Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University Suncheon 57922 Republic of Korea
| | - Sesuraj Babiola Annes
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University Thanjavur 613 401 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Subburethinam Ramesh
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University Thanjavur 613 401 Tamil Nadu India
| | - T M Rangarajan
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Venkateswara College, University of Delhi New Delhi India
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus Kochi 682 041 India
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University Suncheon 57922 Republic of Korea
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5
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Sharma P, Singh M. An ongoing journey of chalcone analogues as single and multi-target ligands in the field of Alzheimer's disease: A review with structural aspects. Life Sci 2023; 320:121568. [PMID: 36925061 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder with progressive dementia and cognitive impairment. AD poses severe health challenge in elderly people and become one of the leading causes of death worldwide. It possesses complex pathophysiology with several hypotheses (cholinergic hypothesis, amyloid hypothesis, tau hypothesis, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction etc.). Several attempts have been made for the management of multifactorial AD. Acetylcholinesterase is the only target has been widely explored in the management of AD to the date. The current review set forth the chalcone based natural, semi-synthetic and synthetic compounds in the search of potential anti-Alzheimer's agents. The main highlights of current review emphasizes on chalcone target different enzymes and pathways like Acetylcholinesterase, β-secretase (BACE1), tau proteins, MAO, free radicals, Advanced glycation end Products (AGEs) etc. and their structure activity relationships contributing in the inhibition of above mentioned various targets of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Manjinder Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India.
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6
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Zheng L, Qin X, Wang J, Zhang M, An Q, Xu J, Qu X, Cao X, Niu B. Discovery of MAO-B Inhibitor with Machine Learning, Topomer CoMFA, Molecular Docking and Multi-Spectroscopy Approaches. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12101470. [PMID: 36291679 PMCID: PMC9599443 DOI: 10.3390/biom12101470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia and is a serious disruption to normal life. Monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) is an important target for the treatment of AD. In this study, machine learning approaches were applied to investigate the identification model of MAO-B inhibitors. The results showed that the identification model for MAO-B inhibitors with K-nearest neighbor(KNN) algorithm had a prediction accuracy of 94.1% and 88.0% for the 10-fold cross-validation test and the independent test set, respectively. Secondly, a quantitative activity prediction model for MAO-B was investigated with the Topomer CoMFA model. Two separate cutting mode approaches were used to predict the activity of MAO-B inhibitors. The results showed that the cut model with q2 = 0.612 (cross-validated correlation coefficient) and r2 = 0.824 (non-cross-validated correlation coefficient) were determined for the training and test sets, respectively. In addition, molecular docking was employed to analyze the interaction between MAO-B and inhibitors. Finally, based on our proposed prediction model, 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-(2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-one (LB) was predicted as a potential MAO-B inhibitor and was validated by a multi-spectroscopic approach including fluorescence spectra and ultraviolet spectrophotometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linfeng Zheng
- School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Xiangyang Qin
- Department of Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Mengying Zhang
- School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Quanlin An
- Institute of Clinical Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jinzhi Xu
- Institute of Clinical Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xiaosheng Qu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Southwest Endangered Medicinal Resources Development, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning 530023, China
| | - Xin Cao
- Institute of Clinical Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200444, China
- Correspondence: (X.C.); (B.N.)
| | - Bing Niu
- School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- Correspondence: (X.C.); (B.N.)
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7
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Rajendran G, Bhanu D, Aruchamy B, Ramani P, Pandurangan N, Bobba KN, Oh EJ, Chung HY, Gangadaran P, Ahn BC. Chalcone: A Promising Bioactive Scaffold in Medicinal Chemistry. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15101250. [PMID: 36297362 PMCID: PMC9607481 DOI: 10.3390/ph15101250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chalcones are a class of privileged scaffolds with high medicinal significance due to the presence of an α,β-unsaturated ketone functionality. Numerous functional modifications of chalcones have been reported, along with their pharmacological behavior. The present review aims to summarize the structures from natural sources, synthesis methods, biological characteristics against infectious and non-infectious diseases, and uses of chalcones over the past decade, and their structure–activity relationship studies are detailed in depth. This critical review provides guidelines for the future design and synthesis of various chalcones. In addition, this could be highly supportive for medicinal chemists to develop more promising candidates for various infectious and non-infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayathri Rajendran
- Dhanvanthri Laboratory, Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Physical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore 641112, India
- Center of Excellence in Advanced Materials & Green Technologies (CoE–AMGT), Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore 641112, India
| | - Deepu Bhanu
- Dhanvanthri Laboratory, Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Physical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore 641112, India
- Center of Excellence in Advanced Materials & Green Technologies (CoE–AMGT), Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore 641112, India
| | - Baladhandapani Aruchamy
- Dhanvanthri Laboratory, Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Physical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore 641112, India
- Center of Excellence in Advanced Materials & Green Technologies (CoE–AMGT), Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore 641112, India
| | - Prasanna Ramani
- Dhanvanthri Laboratory, Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Physical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore 641112, India
- Center of Excellence in Advanced Materials & Green Technologies (CoE–AMGT), Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore 641112, India
- Correspondence: (P.R.); (B.-C.A.)
| | - Nanjan Pandurangan
- Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Arts and Sciences, Mysuru Campus, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Mysuru 570026, India
| | - Kondapa Naidu Bobba
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California (San Francisco), San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Eun Jung Oh
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, CMRI, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Korea
| | - Ho Yun Chung
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, CMRI, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Korea
- BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
| | - Prakash Gangadaran
- BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Korea
| | - Byeong-Cheol Ahn
- BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Korea
- Correspondence: (P.R.); (B.-C.A.)
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8
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George G, Koyiparambath VP, Sukumaran S, Nair AS, Pappachan LK, Al-Sehemi AG, Kim H, Mathew B. Structural Modifications on Chalcone Framework for Developing New Class of Cholinesterase Inhibitors. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063121. [PMID: 35328542 PMCID: PMC8953944 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the multifaceted pharmacological activities of chalcones, these scaffolds have been considered one of the most privileged frameworks in the drug discovery process. Structurally, chalcones are α, β-unsaturated carbonyl functionalities with two aryl or heteroaryl units. Amongst the numerous pharmacological activities explored for chalcone derivatives, the development of novel chalcone analogs for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is among the research topics of most interest. Chalcones possess numerous advantages, such as smaller molecular size, opportunities for further structural modification thereby altering the physicochemical properties, cost-effectiveness, and convenient synthetic methodology. The present review highlights the recent evidence of chalcones as a privileged structure in AD drug development processes. Different classes of chalcone-derived analogs are summarized for the easy understanding of the previously reported analogs as well as the importance of certain functionalities in exhibiting cholinesterase inhibition. In this way, this review will shed light on the medicinal chemistry fraternity for the design and development of novel promising chalcone candidates for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ginson George
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 682 041, India; (G.G.); (V.P.K.); (S.S.); (A.S.N.); (L.K.P.)
| | - Vishal Payyalot Koyiparambath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 682 041, India; (G.G.); (V.P.K.); (S.S.); (A.S.N.); (L.K.P.)
| | - Sunitha Sukumaran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 682 041, India; (G.G.); (V.P.K.); (S.S.); (A.S.N.); (L.K.P.)
| | - Aathira Sujathan Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 682 041, India; (G.G.); (V.P.K.); (S.S.); (A.S.N.); (L.K.P.)
| | - Leena K. Pappachan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 682 041, India; (G.G.); (V.P.K.); (S.S.); (A.S.N.); (L.K.P.)
| | - Abdullah G. Al-Sehemi
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea
- Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.K.); (B.M.)
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 682 041, India; (G.G.); (V.P.K.); (S.S.); (A.S.N.); (L.K.P.)
- Correspondence: (H.K.); (B.M.)
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9
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Maliyakkal N, Saleem U, Anwar F, Shah MA, Ahmad B, Umer F, Almoyad MAA, Parambi DGT, Beeran AA, Nath LR, Aleya L, Mathew B. Ameliorative effect of ethoxylated chalcone-based MAO-B inhibitor on behavioural predictors of haloperidol-induced Parkinsonism in mice: evidence of its antioxidative role against Parkinson's diseases. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:7271-7282. [PMID: 34476688 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15955-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects mostly elderly people above the age of 60. Previously, we have reported that the ethoxylated chalcone derivative (E)-1-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-3-(fluorophenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (E7) showed potent, reversible, and competitive MAO-B inhibition with an IC50 value of 0.053 μm. The present study aims to investigate the anti-Parkinson activity of compound E7 in a haloperidol-induced animal model of mice. The disease was induced with haloperidol (1 mg/kg, intraperitoneal route) once daily for 21 days. E7 was given at dose levels of 10, 20, and 30 mg/kg/day for 21 days, consecutively. Behavioural tests were carried out during and at the end of the study. Biochemical analyses such as oxidative stress biomarkers and neurotransmitters were quantified on the brain homogenate at the end of the study. Behavioural results showed that there is a marked improvement in locomotor activity and motor coordination in the treatment group. Oxidative stress biomarkers such as SOD, CAT, and GSH levels were increased dose-dependently with a maximum at 30 mg/kg, whereas the dose-dependent decrease (30 mg/kg) in the MDA and nitrite levels were observed in the treatment groups. Levels of neurotransmitters, such as dopamine, serotonin, and noradrenaline, were increased in the treatment groups while dopamine and noradrenaline levels were more than in the standard treated group. MAO-B level was also decreased dose dependently in the treatment group in comparison with the control group. Based on the findings, it was concluded that the E7 compound exhibited anti-Parkinson activity which was more evident at 30 mg/kg oral dose as evaluated by the haloperidol-induced animal model of mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naseer Maliyakkal
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences in Khamis Mushayt, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Uzma Saleem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Fareeha Anwar
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ajmal Shah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Bashir Ahmad
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Filzah Umer
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Ali Abdullah Almoyad
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences in Khamis Mushayt, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Della Grace Thomas Parambi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Al Jouf-2014, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmy Appadath Beeran
- Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Lekshmi R Nath
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, 682 041, India
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Laboratoire Chrono-Environnement, CNRS6249, Universite de Bourgogne Franche-Comte, Besancon, France
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, 682 041, India.
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10
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Kamecki F, Knez D, Carvalho D, Marcucci C, Rademacher M, Higgs J, Žakelj S, Marcos A, de Tezanos Pinto F, Abin-Carriquiry JA, Gobec S, Colettis N, Marder M. Multitarget 2'-hydroxychalcones as potential drugs for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders and their comorbidities. Neuropharmacology 2021; 201:108837. [PMID: 34653442 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The complex nature of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) calls for multidirectional treatment. Restoring neurotransmitter levels by combined inhibition of cholinesterases (ChEs) and monoamine oxidases (MAOs, MAO-A and MAO-B), in conjunction with strategies to counteract amyloid β (Aβ) aggregation, may constitute a therapeutically strong multi-target approach for the treatment of NDDs. Chalcones are a subgroup of flavonoids with a broad spectrum of biological activity. We report here the synthesis of 2'-hydroxychalcones as MAO-A and MAO-B inhibitors. Compounds 5c (IC50 = 0.031 ± 0.001 μM), 5a (IC50 = 0.084 ± 0.003 μM), 2c (IC50 = 0.095 ± 0.019 μM) and 2a (IC50 = 0.111 ± 0.006 μM) were the most potent, selective and reversible inhibitors of human (h)MAO-B isoform. hMAO-B inhibitors 1a, 2a and 5a also inhibited murine MAO-B in vivo in mouse brain homogenates. Molecular modelling rationalised the binding mode of 2'-hydroxychalcones in the active site of hMAO-B. Additionally, several derivatives inhibited murine acetylcholinesterase (mAChE) (IC50 values from 4.37 ± 0.83 μM to 15.17 ± 6.03 μM) and reduced the aggregation propensity of Aβ. Moreover, some derivatives bound to the benzodiazepine binding site (BDZ-bs) of the γ-aminobutyric acid A (GABAA) receptors (1a and 2a with Ki = 4.9 ± 1.1 μM and 5.0 ± 1.1 μM, respectively), and exerted sedative and/or anxiolytic like effects on mice. The biological results reported here on 2'-hydroxychalcones provide an extension to previous studies on chalcone scaffold and show them as a potential treatment strategy for NDDs and their associated comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Kamecki
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Damijan Knez
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Diego Carvalho
- Department of Neurochemistry, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, 11600, Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - Carolina Marcucci
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Marina Rademacher
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Josefina Higgs
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Simon Žakelj
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Alejandra Marcos
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Felicitas de Tezanos Pinto
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Juan Andrés Abin-Carriquiry
- Department of Neurochemistry, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, 11600, Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - Stanislav Gobec
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Natalia Colettis
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Mariel Marder
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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11
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Rehuman N, Oh JM, Nath LR, Khames A, Abdelgawad MA, Gambacorta N, Nicolotti O, Jat R, Kim H, Mathew B. Halogenated Coumarin-Chalcones as Multifunctional Monoamine Oxidase-B and Butyrylcholinesterase Inhibitors. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:28182-28193. [PMID: 34723016 PMCID: PMC8552465 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A series of halogenated coumarin-chalcones were synthesized, characterized, and their inhibitory activities against monoamine oxidases (MAOs), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE-1) were evaluated. Compound CC2 most potently inhibited MAO-B with an IC50 value of 0.51 μM, followed by CC1 (IC50 = 0.69 μM), with a selectivity index (SI) of >78.4 and >58.0, respectively, over MAO-A. However, none of the compounds effectively inhibited MAO-A, AChE, and BChE, except for CC2 and CC3 inhibiting BChE with IC50 values of 7.00 (SI > 5.73 over AChE) and 11.8 μM, respectively. CC1 and CC2 were found to be reversible and competitive inhibitors of MAO-B, with K i values of 0.50 ± 0.06 and 0.53 ± 0.04 μM, respectively, and CC2 was also a reversible and competitive inhibitor of BChE, with a K i value of 2.84 ± 0.09 μM. The parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA) method showed that lead candidates can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The in vitro toxicity analysis on the Vero cell line (Normal African green monkey kidney epithelial cells) by MTT confirmed that both CC1 and CC2 were nontoxic up to 100 μg/mL, which is almost equivalent to 100 times of their effective concentration used in biological studies. In addition, CC1 and CC2 attenuated H2O2-induced cellular damage via their reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging effect. These results suggest that CC1 and CC2 are selective and competitive inhibitors of MAO-B, and that CC2 is a selective and competitive inhibitor of BChE. Molecular docking studies of lead compounds provided the possible type of interactions in the targeted enzymes. Based on the findings, both compounds, CC1 and CC2, can be considered plausible drug candidates against neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha
Abdul Rehuman
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Dr. Joseph
Mar Thoma Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Research, Alappuzha, Kerala 690503, India
| | - Jong Min Oh
- Department
of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Lekshmi R. Nath
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi 682, India
| | - Ahmed Khames
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A. Abdelgawad
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al Jouf 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nicola Gambacorta
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia—Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via E. Orabona, 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Orazio Nicolotti
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia—Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via E. Orabona, 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Rakesh
Kumar Jat
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JJTU University, Jhunjhunu 333001, India
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department
of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi 682 041, India
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12
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Elkamhawy A, Kim HJ, Elsherbeny MH, Paik S, Park JH, Gotina L, Abdellattif MH, Gouda NA, Cho J, Lee K, Nim Pae A, Park KD, Roh EJ. Discovery of 3,4-dichloro-N-(1H-indol-5-yl)benzamide: A highly potent, selective, and competitive hMAO-B inhibitor with high BBB permeability profile and neuroprotective action. Bioorg Chem 2021; 116:105352. [PMID: 34562673 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Since there is no disease-modifying treatment discovered yet for Parkinson's disease (PD), there is still a vital need to develop novel selective monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibitors as promising therapeutically active candidates for PD patients. Herein, we report the design, synthesis, and full characterization of new twenty-six indole derivatives as potential human MAO-B (hMAO-B) selective inhibitors. Six compounds (2i, 3b-e, and 5) exhibited low micromolar to nanomolar inhibitory activities over hMAO-B; compared to our recently reported N-substituted indole-based lead compound VIII (hMAO-B IC50 = 777 nM), compound 5 (3,4-dichloro-N-(1H-indol-5-yl)benzamide) exhibited 18-fold increase in potency (IC50 = 42 nM). A selectivity study over hMAO-A revealed an excellent selectivity index of compound 5 (SI > 2375) with a 47-fold increase compared to rasagiline (II, a well-known MAO-B inhibitor, SI > 50). A further kinetic evaluation of compound 5 over hMAO-B showed a reversible and competitive mode of inhibition with Ki value of 7 nM. Highly effective permeability and high CNS bioavailability of compound 5 with Pe = 54.49 × 10-6 cm/s were demonstrated. Compound 5 also exhibited a low cytotoxicity profile and a promising neuroprotective effect against the 6-hydroxydopamine-induced neuronal cell damage in PC12 cells, which was more effective than that of rasagiline. Docking simulations on both hMAO-B and hMAO-A supported the in vitro data and served as further molecular evidence. Accordingly, we report the discovery of compound 5 as one of the most potent indole-based MAO-B inhibitors to date which is noteworthy to be further evaluated as a promising agent for PD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Elkamhawy
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
| | - Hyeon Jeong Kim
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohamed H Elsherbeny
- Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Giza 12566, Egypt
| | - Sora Paik
- Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hyun Park
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Lizaveta Gotina
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Magda H Abdellattif
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noha A Gouda
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungsook Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Ae Nim Pae
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Duk Park
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Joo Roh
- Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea.
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13
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Mathew B, Oh JM, Baty RS, Batiha GES, Parambi DGT, Gambacorta N, Nicolotti O, Kim H. Piperazine-substituted chalcones: a new class of MAO-B, AChE, and BACE-1 inhibitors for the treatment of neurological disorders. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:38855-38866. [PMID: 33743158 PMCID: PMC7980107 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13320-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Eleven piperazine-containing 1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one derivatives (PC1-PC11) were evaluated for their inhibitory activities against monoamine oxidases (MAOs), cholinesterases (ChEs), and β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE-1) with a view toward developing new treatments for neurological disorders. Compounds PC10 and PC11 remarkably inhibited MAO-B with IC50 values of 0.65 and 0.71 μM, respectively. Ten of the eleven compounds weakly inhibited AChE and BChE with > 50% of residual activities at 10 μM, although PC4 inhibited AChE by 56.6% (IC50 = 8.77 μM). Compound PC3 effectively inhibited BACE-1 (IC50 = 6.72 μM), and PC10 and PC11 moderately inhibited BACE-1 (IC50 =14.9 and 15.3 μM, respectively). Reversibility and kinetic studies showed that PC10 and PC11 were reversible and competitive inhibitors of MAO-B with Ki values of 0.63 ± 0.13 and 0.53 ± 0.068 μM, respectively. ADME predictions for lead compounds revealed that PC10 and PC11 have central nervous system (CNS) drug-likeness. Molecular docking simulations showed that fluorine atom and trifluoromethyl group on PC10 and PC11, respectively, interacted with the substrate cavity of the MAO-B active site. Our results suggested that PC10 and PC11 can be considered potential candidates for the treatment of neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijo Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, 682 041, India.
| | - Jong Min Oh
- Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Roua S Baty
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, AlBeheira, 22511, Egypt
| | - Della Grace Thomas Parambi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al Jo, uf-2014, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nicola Gambacorta
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E. Orabona, 4, I-70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Orazio Nicolotti
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E. Orabona, 4, I-70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Oh JM, Jang HJ, Kang MG, Song S, Kim DY, Kim JH, Noh JI, Park JE, Park D, Yee ST, Kim H. Acetylcholinesterase and monoamine oxidase-B inhibitory activities by ellagic acid derivatives isolated from Castanopsis cuspidata var. sieboldii. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13953. [PMID: 34230570 PMCID: PMC8260592 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93458-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Among 276 herbal extracts, a methanol extract of Castanopsis cuspidata var. sieboldii stems was selected as an experimental source for novel acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors. Five compounds were isolated from the extract by activity-guided screening, and their inhibitory activities against butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), monoamine oxidases (MAOs), and β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE-1) were also evaluated. Of these compounds, 4'-O-(α-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-3,3',4-tri-O-methylellagic acid (3) and 3,3',4-tri-O-methylellagic acid (4) effectively inhibited AChE with IC50 values of 10.1 and 10.7 µM, respectively. Ellagic acid (5) inhibited AChE (IC50 = 41.7 µM) less than 3 and 4. In addition, 3 effectively inhibited MAO-B (IC50 = 7.27 µM) followed by 5 (IC50 = 9.21 µM). All five compounds weakly inhibited BChE and BACE-1. Compounds 3, 4, and 5 reversibly and competitively inhibited AChE, and were slightly or non-toxic to MDCK cells. The binding energies of 3 and 4 (- 8.5 and - 9.2 kcal/mol, respectively) for AChE were greater than that of 5 (- 8.3 kcal/mol), and 3 and 4 formed a hydrogen bond with Tyr124 in AChE. These results suggest 3 is a dual-targeting inhibitor of AChE and MAO-B, and that these compounds should be viewed as potential therapeutics for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Min Oh
- Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jae Jang
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheong-ju si, Chungcheongbuk-do, 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Gyun Kang
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Soobin Song
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheong-ju si, Chungcheongbuk-do, 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Doo-Young Kim
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheong-ju si, Chungcheongbuk-do, 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hee Kim
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheong-ju si, Chungcheongbuk-do, 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-In Noh
- Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Eun Park
- Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Daeui Park
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Tae Yee
- Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Mathew B. Privileged Pharmacophore of FDA Approved Drugs in Combination with Chalcone Framework: A New Hope for Alzheimer's Treatment. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2021; 23:842-846. [PMID: 32723232 DOI: 10.2174/1386207323999200728122627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Multi-functional design of ligands emerged as a new drug design paradigm of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Given the complexity of AD, the molecules showing dual inhibition of monoamine oxidase (MAO) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with neuroprotective properties could prevent the progressive neural degeneration effectively. Numerous studies documented that chalcone is a privileged structural framework for the inhibition of both MAO and AChE. The recent studies suggested that the development of chalcone candidates endowed with pharmacophores of FDA approved drugs may become an active molecules in the field of current AD research. The current perspective described the recent updates of chalcone moiety linked with the pharmacophores of flurbiprofen and rivastigmine hybrids as selective ChE/MAO-B inhibitors for the prophylactic agents for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijo Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita Health Science Campus, Kochi-682 041, India
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16
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Rehuman NA, Mathew B, Jat RK, Nicolotti O, Kim H. A Comprehensive Review of Monoamine Oxidase-A Inhibitors in their Syntheses and Potencies. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2021; 23:898-914. [PMID: 32342809 DOI: 10.2174/1386207323666200428091306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monoamine oxidases (MAOs) play a crucial role during the development of various neurodegenerative disorders. There are two MAO isozymes, MAO-A and MAO-B. MAO-A is a flavoenzyme, which binds to the outer mitochondrial membrane and catalyzes the oxidative transformations of neurotransmitters like serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine. MATERIALS AND METHODS Focus on synthetic studies has culminated in the preparation of many MAOA inhibitors, and advancements in combinatorial and parallel synthesis have accelerated the developments of synthetic schemes. Here, we provided an overview of the synthetic protocols employed to prepare different classes of MAO-A inhibitors. We classified these inhibitors according to their molecular scaffolds and the synthetic methods used. RESULTS Various synthetic and natural derivatives from a different class of MAO-A inhibitors were reported. CONCLUSION The review provides a valuable tool for the development of a new class of various selective MAO-A inhibitors for the treatment of depression and other anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha A Rehuman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JJTU University, Jhunjhunu, India
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita Health Science Campus, Kochi-682, India
| | - Rakesh K Jat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JJTU University, Jhunjhunu, India
| | - Orazio Nicolotti
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Universita degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", via E. Orabona, 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea
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17
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Koyiparambath VP, Oh JM, Khames A, Abdelgawad MA, Nair AS, Nath LR, Gambacorta N, Ciriaco F, Nicolotti O, Kim H, Mathew B. Trimethoxylated Halogenated Chalcones as Dual Inhibitors of MAO-B and BACE-1 for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13060850. [PMID: 34201128 PMCID: PMC8226672 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13060850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Six halogenated trimethoxy chalcone derivatives (CH1-CH6) were synthesized and spectrally characterized. The compounds were further evaluated for their inhibitory potential against monoamine oxidases (MAOs) and β-secretase (BACE-1). Six compounds inhibited MAO-B more effectively than MAO-A, and the 2',3',4'-methoxy moiety in CH4-CH6 was more effective for MAO-B inhibition than the 2',4',6'-methoxy moiety in CH1-CH3. Compound CH5 most potently inhibited MAO-B, with an IC50 value of 0.46 µM, followed by CH4 (IC50 = 0.84 µM). In 2',3',4'-methoxy derivatives (CH4-CH6), the order of inhibition was -Br in CH5 > -Cl in CH4 > -F in CH6 at the para-position in ring B of chalcone. CH4 and CH5 were selective for MAO-B, with selectivity index (SI) values of 15.1 and 31.3, respectively, over MAO-A. CH4 and CH5 moderately inhibited BACE-1 with IC50 values of 13.6 and 19.8 µM, respectively. When CH4 and CH5 were assessed for their cell viability studies on the normal African Green Monkey kidney cell line (VERO) using MTT assays, it was noted that both compounds were found to be safe, and only a slightly toxic effect was observed in concentrations above 200 µg/mL. CH4 and CH5 decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels of VERO cells treated with H2O2, indicating both compounds retained protective effects on the cells by antioxidant activities. All compounds showed high blood brain barrier permeabilities analyzed by a parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA). Molecular docking and ADME prediction of the lead compounds provided more insights into the rationale behind the binding and the CNS drug likeness. From non-test mutagenicity and cardiotoxicity studies, CH4 and CH5 were non-mutagenic and non-/weak-cardiotoxic. These results suggest that CH4 and CH5 could be considered candidates for the cure of neurological dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Payyalot Koyiparambath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 682041, India; (V.P.K.); (A.S.N.)
| | - Jong Min Oh
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea;
| | - Ahmed Khames
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box-11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohamed A. Abdelgawad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Aathira Sujathan Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 682041, India; (V.P.K.); (A.S.N.)
| | - Lekshmi R. Nath
- Department of Pharmacogonosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi 682041, India;
| | - Nicola Gambacorta
- Dipartimento di Farmacia—Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via E. Orabona, 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy; (N.G.); (O.N.)
| | - Fulvio Ciriaco
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via E. Orabona, 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy;
| | - Orazio Nicolotti
- Dipartimento di Farmacia—Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via E. Orabona, 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy; (N.G.); (O.N.)
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea;
- Correspondence: (H.K.); (B.M.)
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 682041, India; (V.P.K.); (A.S.N.)
- Correspondence: (H.K.); (B.M.)
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18
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Elkamhawy A, Paik S, Kim HJ, Park JH, Londhe AM, Lee K, Pae AN, Park KD, Roh EJ. Discovery of N-(1-(3-fluorobenzoyl)-1 H-indol-5-yl)pyrazine-2-carboxamide: a novel, selective, and competitive indole-based lead inhibitor for human monoamine oxidase B. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 35:1568-1580. [PMID: 32752896 PMCID: PMC7470070 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1800666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, two new series of N-substituted indole-based analogues were rationally designed, synthesized via microwave heating technology, and evaluated as noteworthy MAO-B potential inhibitors. Compared to the reported indazole-based hits VI and VII, compounds 4b and 4e exhibited higher inhibitory activities over MAO-B with IC50 values of 1.65 and 0.78 µM, respectively. When compared to the modest selectivity index of rasagiline (II, a well-known MAO-B inhibitor, SI > 50), both 4b and 4e also showed better selectivity indices (SI > 60 and 120, respectively). A further kinetic evaluation of the most potent derivative (4e) displayed a competitive mode of inhibition (inhibition constant (Ki)/MAO-B = 94.52 nM). Reasonable explanations of the elicited biological activities were presented via SAR study and molecular docking simulation. Accordingly, the remarkable MAO-B inhibitory activity of 4e (N-(1-(3-fluorobenzoyl)-1H-indol-5-yl)pyrazine-2-carboxamide), with its selectivity and competitive inhibition, advocates its potential role as a promising lead worthy of further optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Elkamhawy
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Sora Paik
- Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Jeong Kim
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hyun Park
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ashwini M Londhe
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Ae Nim Pae
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Duk Park
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Joo Roh
- Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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19
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Sharma P, Singh M, Mathew B. An Update of Synthetic Approaches and Structure‐Activity Relationships of Various Classes of Human MAO‐B Inhibitors. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202004188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy Chitkara University Punjab India
| | - Manjinder Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy Chitkara University Punjab India
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus Kochi 682 041 India
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20
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Mathew B, Carradori S, Guglielmi P, Uddin MS, Kim H. New Aspects of Monoamine Oxidase B Inhibitors: The Key Role of Halogens to Open the Golden Door. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:266-283. [PMID: 31965939 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200121165931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A large plethora of drugs and promising lead compounds contain halogens in their structures. The introduction of such moieties strongly modulates their physical-chemical features as well as pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile. The most important outcome was shown to be the ability of these halogens to favourably influence the drug-target interaction and energetic stability within the active site by the establishment of halogen bonds. This review attempted to demonstrate the key role exerted by these versatile moieties when correctly located in an organic scaffold to display Monoamine Oxidase (MAO) inhibition and selectivity towards the B isoform of this important enzyme. Human MAOs are well-recognized as therapeutic targets for mood disorders and neurodegenerative diseases and medicinal chemists were prompted to discover the structural requirements crucial to discriminate the slight differences between the active sits of the two isoforms (MAO-A and MAOB). The analysis of the structure-activity relationships of the most important scaffolds (hydrazothiazoles, coumarins, chromones, chalcones, pyrazolines) and the impact of halogen (F, Cl, Br and I) insertion on this biological activity and isozyme selectivity have been reported being a source of inspiration for the medicinal chemists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijo Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi-682 041, India
| | - Simone Carradori
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti 66100, Italy
| | - Paolo Guglielmi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Md Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea
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21
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Kong Z, Sun D, Jiang Y, Hu Y. Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 1, 4-benzodioxan-substituted chalcones as selective and reversible inhibitors of human monoamine oxidase B. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 35:1513-1523. [PMID: 32705910 PMCID: PMC7470127 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1797711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The inhibition of monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) could be an effective approach for the treatment of various neurological disorders. In this study, a series of 1, 4-benzodioxan-substituted chalcone derivatives were designed, synthesised and evaluated for their inhibitory activity against human MAO-B (hMAO-B). The majority of these compounds showed inhibitory activity and high selectivity. The most potent compound, (E)-1-(3-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-3-(2,3-dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin-6-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (22), exhibited an IC50 of 0.026 µM with a selectivity index greater than 1538. Kinetics and reversibility studies confirmed that the representative active compounds acted as competitive and reversible inhibitors of hMAO-B. The enzyme-inhibitor interactions were investigated by molecular docking studies and the rationale was provided. As these potent hMAO-B inhibitors exhibited low neurotoxicity and possessed promising drug-like properties, we believe that these active compounds could be further investigated as potential drug candidates for future in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Kong
- Department of Bioengineering, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Demeng Sun
- Department of Bioengineering, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yanmei Jiang
- Department of Bioengineering, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yun Hu
- Department of Bioengineering, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
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22
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Novel 1-methoxyindole- and 2-alkoxyindole-based chalcones: design, synthesis, characterization, antiproliferative activity and DNA, BSA binding interactions. Med Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-020-02690-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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23
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Singh N, Chandra R. Probing the binding interaction of ortho-vanillin derived chalcone with lysozyme: A biophysical studies aided by in silico calculations. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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24
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Mathew GE, Oh JM, Mohan K, Kumudhavalli M, Jayanthi S, Kim H, Mathew B. Inhibitions of monoamine oxidases and acetylcholinesterase by 1-methyl, 5-phenyl substituted thiosemicarbazones: Synthesis, biochemical, and computational investigations. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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25
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Jeong GS, Kaipakasseri S, Lee SR, Marraiki N, Batiha GES, Dev S, Palakkathondi A, Kavully FS, Gambacorta N, Nicolotti O, Mathew B, Kim H. Selected 1,3-Benzodioxine-Containing Chalcones as Multipotent Oxidase and Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors. ChemMedChem 2020; 15:2257-2263. [PMID: 32924264 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Chalcones are considered effective templates for the development of monoamine oxidase (MAO) and cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitors. The present work describes the syntheses of selected 1,3-benzodioxine-containing chalcones (CD3, CD8 and CD10), and their inhibitory activities against MAO-A, MAO-B, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). Compound CD8 most potently inhibited MAO-B with an IC50 value of 0.026 μM, followed by CD10 and CD3 (1.54 and 1.68 μM, respectively). CD8 potently and non-selectively inhibited MAO-A (IC50 value of 0.023 μM). On the other hand, CD10 and CD8 inhibited AChE with IC50 values of 5.40 and 9.57 μM, respectively. Kinetics and reversibility experiments showed that all synthesized molecules were competitive and reversible inhibitors, and the Ki values of CD8 for MAO-A and MAO-B were 0.018 and 0.0019 μM, respectively. By in vitro and in silico analyses, all compounds were found to have high passive human gastrointestinal absorptions, blood-brain barrier permeabilities, and non-toxicities. Molecular docking simulations revealed that docking affinity of each compound for MAO-B was higher than that for MAO-A. The results indicate that CD8 is a potent non-selective MAO inhibitor, and CD10 is an effective selective MAO-B inhibitor, and both possess AChE inhibitory activity. Therefore, we suggest that CD8 and CD10 be considered potential dual-targeting inhibitors of MAO and AChE for the treatment of various neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geum Seok Jeong
- Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Swafvan Kaipakasseri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Al-Shifa College of Pharmacy, Perinthalmanna, India
| | - Sang Ryong Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Najat Marraiki
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Al-Beheira, Egypt
| | - Sanal Dev
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Al-Shifa College of Pharmacy, Perinthalmanna, India
| | - Ashique Palakkathondi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Al-Shifa College of Pharmacy, Perinthalmanna, India
| | - Fathima Sahla Kavully
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Al-Shifa College of Pharmacy, Perinthalmanna, India
| | - Nicola Gambacorta
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Orazio Nicolotti
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita Health Science Campus, Kochi-682 041, Kerala, India
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922, Republic of Korea
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26
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Reeta, Baek SC, Lee JP, Rangarajan TM, Ayushee, Singh RP, Singh M, Mangiatordi GF, Nicolotti O, Kim H, Mathew B. Ethyl Acetohydroxamate Incorporated Chalcones: Unveiling a Novel Class of Chalcones for Multitarget Monoamine Oxidase-B Inhibitors Against Alzheimer's Disease. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS 2020; 18:643-654. [PMID: 31550216 DOI: 10.2174/1871527318666190906101326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chalcones are considered as the selective scaffold for the inhibition of MAO-B. OBJECTIVES A previously synthesized ethyl acetohydroxamate-chalcones (L1-L22) were studied for their inhibitory activities against human recombinant monoamine oxidase A and B (hMAO-A and hMAO-B, respectively) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) as multi-target directed ligands for the treatment of Alzheimer's Disease (AD). METHODS Enzyme inhibition studies of MAO-A, MAO-B and AChE is carried out. Computational studies such as Molecular docking, Molecular Mechanics/Generalized Born Surface Area calculations, ADMET prediction, and protein target prediction are also performed. RESULTS Among the screened compounds, compound L3 has most potent hMAO-B inhibition with an IC50 value of 0.028 ± 0.0016 µM, and other compounds, L1, L2, L4, L8, L12, and L21 showed significant potent hMAO-B inhibition with IC50 values of 0.051 ± 0.0014, 0.086 ± 0.0035, 0.036 ± 0.0011, 0.096 ± 0.0061, 0.083 ± 0.0016, and 0.038 ± 0.0021 µM, respectively. On the other hand, among the tested compounds, compound L13 showed highest hMAO-A inhibition with an IC50 value of 0.51± 0.051 µM and L9 has a significant value of 1.85 ± 0.045 µM. However, the compounds L3 and L4 only showed high selectivities for hMAO-B with Selectivity Index (SI) values of 621.4 and 416.7, respectively. Among the substituents in ring A of ethyl acetohydroxamate-chalcones (L1-L9), F atom at p-position (L3) showed highest inhibitory effect against hMAO-B. This result supports the uniqness and bizarre behavior of fluorine. Moreover, chalcones L3, L4, L9, L11, and L12 showed potential AChE inhibitory effect with IC50 values of 0.67, 0.85, 0.39, 0.30, and 0.45 µM, respectively. Inhibitions of hMAO-B by L3 or L4 were recovered to the level of the reversible reference (lazabemide), and were competitive with Ki values of 0.0030 ± 0.0002 and 0.0046 ± 0.0005 µM, respectively. Inhibitions of AChE by L3 and L11 were of the competitive and mixed types with Ki values of 0.30 ± 0.044 and 0.14 ± 0.0054 µM, respectively. CONCLUSION The studies indicated that L3 and L4 are considered to be promising multitarget drug molecules with potent, selective, and reversible competitive inhibitors of hMAO-B and with highly potent AChE inhibitory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reeta
- Centre for Fire, Explosive and Environment Saftey, DRDO, Delhi, India.,Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Seung Cheol Baek
- Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea
| | - Jae Pil Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea
| | - T M Rangarajan
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Venketeswara College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Ayushee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Rishi Pal Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Venketeswara College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Manjula Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Shivaji College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Orazio Nicolotti
- Dipartimento di Farmacia- Scienze del Farmaco, Universitá degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", via E. Orabona, 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Division of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ahalia School of Pharmacy, Palakkad-678557, Kerala, India
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27
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Mathew B, Parambi DGT, Sivasankarapillai VS, Uddin MS, Suresh J, Mathew GE, Joy M, Marathakam A, Gupta SV. Perspective Design of Chalcones for the Management of CNS Disorders: A Mini-Review. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS 2020; 18:432-445. [PMID: 31187716 DOI: 10.2174/1871527318666190610111246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The development of chalcone-based compounds for CNS disorders has been explored by many research groups. Chalcones are being considered as a potent organic scaffold with widespread applications in the field of drug discovery and medicinal chemistry. The planar or semi-planar geometry of chalcones with various functionalities impinged on the terminal aromatic systems renders the molecule its bio-activity including anti-cancer, anti-malarial, anti-microbial, anti-fungal, antileishmanial, anti-viral, anti-diabetic, anti-hypertensive properties, etc. Moreover, cutting-edge research has been executed in the domain of Central Nervous System (CNS) based scheme, further, their identification and classifications also remain of high interest in the field of medicinal chemistry but the specific reviews are limited. Hence, the present review highlights the significance of chalcones toward their CNS activities (up to 2019), which include anti-depressant activity, anxiolytic activity, activity with GABA receptors, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyryl cholinesterase (BChE) inhibitions, activity as adenosine receptor antagonists anti-Alzheimer's agents, β-amyloid plaques imaging agents, monoamine oxidase inhibition. To our knowledge, this is the first review exclusively for CNS activity profile of chalcones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijo Mathew
- Division of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ahalia School of Pharmacy, Palakkad 678557, Kerala, India
| | | | | | - Md Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Jerad Suresh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Madras Medical College, Chennai 600004, India
| | | | - Monu Joy
- School of Pure & Applied Physics, M.G. University, Kottayam 686560, India
| | - Akash Marathakam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National College of Pharmacy, Calicut 673602, Kerala, India
| | - Sheeba Varghese Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, United States
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28
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Exploring the Therapeutic Potentials of Highly Selective Oxygenated Chalcone Based MAO-B Inhibitors in a Haloperidol-Induced Murine Model of Parkinson's Disease. Neurochem Res 2020; 45:2786-2799. [PMID: 32939670 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-020-03130-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder of dopaminergic, noradrenergic, and serotonergic systems, in which dopamine, noradrenaline, and serotonin levels are depleted and lead to the development of motor and non-motor symptoms such as tremor, bradykinesia, weight changes, fatigue, depression, and visual hallucinations. Therapeutic strategies place much focus on dopamine replacement and the inhibition of dopamine metabolism. The present study was based on the known abilities of chalcones to act as molecular scaffolds that selectively inhibit MAO-B with the added advantage of binding reversibly. Recently, we synthesized a series of 26 chalcone compounds, amongst which (2E)-1-(2H-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (O10) and (2E)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (O23) most inhibited MAO-B. Hence, the present study was performed to explore the molecular mechanisms responsible for the neuroprotective effect of O10 and O23 at varying doses such as 10, 20, and 30 mg/kg each in a haloperidol-induced murine model of PD. Both compounds were effective (though O23 was the more effective) at ameliorating extrapyramidal and non-motor symptoms in the model and improved locomotory and exploratory behaviors, reduced oxidative stress markers, and enhanced antioxidant marker and neurotransmitter levels. Furthermore, histopathological studies showed O10 and O23 both reduced neurofibrillary tangles and plaques to almost normal control levels.
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29
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Kumar D, Sharma S, Kalra S, Singh G, Monga V, Kumar B. Medicinal Perspective of Indole Derivatives: Recent Developments and Structure-Activity Relationship Studies. Curr Drug Targets 2020; 21:864-891. [DOI: 10.2174/1389450121666200310115327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Heterocyclic compounds play a significant role in various biological processes of the human
body and many of them are in clinical use due to their diverse, chemical and biological properties.
Among these, indole is one of the most promising pharmacologically active molecules. Due to its
chemical reactivity, indole has been willingly modified to obtain a variety of new lead molecules,
which has been successfully utilized to obtained novel drug candidates for the treatment of different
pharmacological diseases. Indole-based compounds such as vincristine (anticancer), reserpine (antihypertensive),
amedalin (antidepressant) and many more describe the medicinal and pharmacological
importance of the indole in uplifting human life. In this review, we compiled various reports on indole
derivatives and their biological significance, including antifungal, antiprotozoal, antiplatelet, anti-
Alzheimer’s, anti-Parkinson’s, antioxidant and anticancer potential from 2015 onwards. In addition,
structure-activity relationship studies of the different derivatives have been included. We have also
discussed novel synthetic strategies developed during this period for the synthesis of different indole
derivatives. We believe that this review article will provide comprehensive knowledge about the medicinal
importance of indoles and will help in the design and synthesis of novel indole-based molecules
with high potency and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devendra Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, G.T Road, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
| | - Sahil Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, G.T Road, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
| | - Sourav Kalra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, G.T Road, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
| | - Gurpreet Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, G.T Road, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
| | - Vikramdeep Monga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, G.T Road, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
| | - Bhupinder Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, G.T Road, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
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Olotu FA, Joy M, Abdelgawad MA, Narayanan SE, Soliman ME, Mathew B. Revealing the role of fluorine pharmacophore in chalcone scaffold for shifting the MAO-B selectivity: investigation of a detailed molecular dynamics and quantum chemical study. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:6126-6139. [PMID: 32705963 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1796803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The development of highly selective monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) inhibitors has great therapeutic benefit in treatment of various neurodegenerative disorders. Recent study documented that shifting of fluorine atom from para to ortho position on the phenyl B ring of heteroaryl chalcones shown a remarkable shift in the selectivity and potency between MAO-A and MAO-B isoforms. Despite the large plethora of the design of new selective MAO-B inhibitors, the current paper illustrates the role and orientation of fluorine atom with remarkable MAO-B selectivity of three compounds (O23, O24 and O25), which differ from all other substituents encountered in the chalcone scaffolds is recently reported by our group. Conformational analyses of differential inhibitory effects of O23, O24 and O25 on MAO-A and MAO-B, differential analyses of complementary interactions at MAO-A/-B active sites and differential analysis of affinity binding and per-residue energy contributions are calculated by molecular dynamics study. Density functional theory based electronic structure calculations were employed with special emphasis to electrostatic potential and frontier molecular orbitals. Results of the current study can be used for lead modification and a new insight for the development of novel fluorinated chalcones for the treatment of various neurodegenerative disorders. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fisayo A Olotu
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Monu Joy
- Department of Chemistry & Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, USA
| | - Mohamed A Abdelgawad
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia.,Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef university, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Siju E Narayanan
- P.G. Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government Medical College, Kannur, India
| | - Mahmoud E Soliman
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Division of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ahalia School of Pharmacy, Palakkad, Kerala, India
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Maliyakkal N, Eom BH, Heo JH, Abdullah Almoyad MA, Thomas Parambi DG, Gambacorta N, Nicolotti O, Beeran AA, Kim H, Mathew B. A New Potent and Selective Monoamine Oxidase-B Inhibitor with Extended Conjugation in a Chalcone Framework: 1-[4-(Morpholin-4-yl)phenyl]-5-phenylpenta-2,4-dien-1-one. ChemMedChem 2020; 15:1629-1633. [PMID: 32583952 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The general blueprint for the design of monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) inhibitors has been based on two phenyl or heteronuclei linked via a spacer of appropriate length. In this study, 1-[4-(morpholin-4-yl)phenyl]-5-phenylpenta-2,4-dien-1-one (MO10) was prepared by the condensation of 4'-morpholinoacetophenone and cinnamaldehyde in basic alcoholic medium. MO10 was assessed for inhibitory activity against two human MAO isoforms, MAO-A and MAO-B. Interestingly, MO10 showed a remarkable inhibition against MAO-B with an IC50 value of 0.044 μM along with a selectivity index of 366.13. The IC50 value was better than that of lazabemide (IC50 value of 0.063 μM), which was used as a reference. Kinetics studies revealed that MO10 acted as a competitive inhibitor of MAO-B, with a Ki value of 0.0080 μM. The observation of recovery of MAO-B inhibition, compared to reference levels showed MO10 to be a reversible inhibitor. MTT assays showed that MO10 was nontoxic to normal VERO cells with an IC50 value of 195.44 μg/mL. SwissADME predicted that MO10 provided advantageous pharmacokinetics profiles for developing agents acting on the central nervous system, that is, high passive human gastrointestinal absorption and blood-brain barrier permeability. Molecular docking simulations showed that MO10 properly entered the aromatic cage formed by Y435, Y398, and FAD of the active site of MAO-B. On the basis of these results, MO10 can be considered a promising starting compound in development of agents for the treatment of various neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naseer Maliyakkal
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences in Khamis Mushyt, King Khalid University, Abha, Mushait, PO Box. 4536, ZIP., 61412, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bo Hyun Eom
- Department of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922, South Korea
| | - Jeong Hyun Heo
- Department of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922, South Korea
| | - Mohammad Ali Abdullah Almoyad
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences in Khamis Mushyt, King Khalid University, Abha, Mushait, PO Box. 4536, ZIP., 61412, Saudi Arabia
| | - Della Grace Thomas Parambi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al Jouf-2014, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nicola Gambacorta
- Dipartimento di Farmacia - Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Orazio Nicolotti
- Dipartimento di Farmacia - Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Asmy Appadath Beeran
- Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922, South Korea
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Division of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ahalia School of Pharmacy, Palakkad, 678557, Kerala, India
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Novel Class of Chalcone Oxime Ethers as Potent Monoamine Oxidase-B and Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25102356. [PMID: 32443652 PMCID: PMC7288026 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25102356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously synthesized novel chalcone oxime ethers (COEs) were evaluated for inhibitory activities against monoamine oxidases (MAOs) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Twenty-two of the 24 COEs synthesized, except COE-17 and COE-24, had potent and/or significant selective inhibitory effects on MAO-B. COE-6 potently inhibited MAO-B with an IC50 value of 0.018 µM, which was 105, 2.3, and 1.1 times more potent than clorgyline, lazabemide, and pargyline (reference drugs), respectively. COE-7, and COE-22 were also active against MAO-B, both had an IC50 value of 0.028 µM, which was 67 and 1.5 times lower than those of clorgyline and lazabemide, respectively. Most of the COEs exhibited weak inhibitory effects on MAO-A and AChE. COE-13 most potently inhibited MAO-A (IC50 = 0.88 µM) and also significantly inhibited MAO-B (IC50 = 0.13 µM), and it could be considered as a potential nonselective MAO inhibitor. COE-19 and COE-22 inhibited AChE with IC50 values of 5.35 and 4.39 µM, respectively. The selectivity index (SI) of COE-22 for MAO-B was higher than that of COE-6 (SI = 778.6 vs. 222.2), but the IC50 value (0.028 µM) was slightly lower than that of COE-6 (0.018 µM). In reversibility experiments, inhibitions of MAO-B by COE-6 and COE-22 were recovered to the levels of reference reversible inhibitors and both competitively inhibited MAO-B, with Ki values of 0.0075 and 0.010 µM, respectively. Our results show that COE-6 and COE-22 are potent, selective MAO-B inhibitors, and COE-22 is a candidate of dual-targeting molecule for MAO-B and AChE.
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Kavully FS, Oh JM, Dev S, Kaipakasseri S, Palakkathondi A, Vengamthodi A, Abdul Azeez RF, Tondo AR, Nicolotti O, Kim H, Bijo Mathew. Design of enamides as new selective monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors. J Pharm Pharmacol 2020; 72:916-926. [PMID: 32246471 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop of new class of selective and reversible MAO-B inhibitors from enamides. METHODS Syntheses of the titled derivatives (AD1-AD11) were achieved by reacting cinnamoyl chloride and various primary and secondary amines in basic medium. All eleven compounds were investigated for in vitro inhibitory activities against recombinant human MAO-A and MAO-B. The reversibilities of lead compound inhibitions were analysed by dialysis. MTT assays of lead compounds were performed using normal VERO cell lines. KEY FINDINGS Compounds AD3 and AD9 exhibited the greatest inhibitory activity against MAO-B with IC50 values of 0.11 and 0.10 µm, respectively, and were followed by AD2 and AD1 (0.51 and 0.71 µm, respectively). Most of the compounds weakly inhibited MAO-A, with the exceptions AD9 and AD7, which had IC50 values of 4.21 and 5.95 µm, respectively. AD3 had the highest selectivity index (SI) value for MAO-B (>363.6) and was followed by AD9 (SI 42.1). AD3 and AD9 were found to be competitive inhibitors of MAO-B with Ki values of 0.044 ± 0.0036 and 0.039 ± 0.0047 µm, respectively. Reversibility experiments showed AD3 and AD9 were reversible inhibitors of MAO-B; dialysis restored the activity of MAO-B to the reference level. MTT assays revealed AD3 and AD9 were non-toxic to normal VERO cell lines with IC50 values of 153.96 and 194.04 µg/ml, respectively. Computational studies provided hypothetical binding modes for AD3 and AD9 in the binding cavities of MAO-A and MAO-B. CONCLUSIONS These results encourage further studies on the enamide scaffold as potential drug candidates for the treatment of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fathima Sahla Kavully
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Al-Shifa College of Pharmacy, Perinthalmanna, India
| | - Jong Min Oh
- Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Korea
| | - Sanal Dev
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Al-Shifa College of Pharmacy, Perinthalmanna, India
| | - Swafvan Kaipakasseri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Al-Shifa College of Pharmacy, Perinthalmanna, India
| | - Ashique Palakkathondi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Al-Shifa College of Pharmacy, Perinthalmanna, India
| | - Ajeesh Vengamthodi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Al-Shifa College of Pharmacy, Perinthalmanna, India
| | | | - Anna Rita Tondo
- Instituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Orazio Nicolotti
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Korea
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Division of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ahalia School of Pharmacy, Palakkad, India
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Sasidharan R, Sreedharannair Leelabaiamma M, Mohanan R, Jose SP, Mathew B, Sukumaran S. Anti-inflammatory effect of synthesized indole-based chalcone (2E)-3-(4-bromophenyl)-1-(1 H-indol-3-yl) prop-2-en-1-one: an in vitro and in vivo studies. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2019; 41:568-576. [PMID: 31594421 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2019.1672177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Chalcones are precursors of flavonoids with a wide range of pharmacological activities. This study evaluates the anti-inflammatory effect of indole based chalcone derivative (2E)-3-(4-bromophenyl)-1-(1H-indol-3-yl) prop-2-en-1-one (IC9) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activated murine macrophages RAW264.7 cells and carrageenan-induced acute model in rats.Materials and methods: LPS-treated RAW264.7 cell lines and carrageenan-induced animal model were employed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of IC9. The cell cytotoxicity studies were carried out by MTT assay. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and other inflammatory markers such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), nitric oxide (NO) as well as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity were determined using ELISA. The RT-PCR was performed to determine mRNA expressions in the case of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), COX-2, Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) and also nuclear translocation of NF-κB activity.Results: LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells showed an increased level of ROS generation and other inflammatory markers such as PGE2, NO level and COX-2 activity. Expression of iNOS, COX- 2 and TLR-4 mRNA expression were also up-regulated along with nuclear translocation of NF-κB. On IC9 supplementation, all the above parameters of LPS-activated cells were found to be reversed, resembling the control group. Moreover, IC9 significantly inhibited paw swelling and exhibited maximum inhibition of 78.45% at low dose of 7.5 mg/kg.bwt.Conclusions: The targeting anti-inflammatory efficacy and profound NF-κB sensitive transcriptional regulatory mechanism of IC9 accounts for its effective anti-inflammatory action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rani Sasidharan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT University, Vellore, India
| | | | - Ratheesh Mohanan
- Departments of Biochemistry, St. Thomas College, Pala, Kottayam, India
| | - Svenia P Jose
- Departments of Biochemistry, St. Thomas College, Pala, Kottayam, India
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Division of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ahalia School of Pharmacy, Palakkad, India
| | - Sandya Sukumaran
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
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35
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Parambi DGT, Oh JM, Baek SC, Lee JP, Tondo AR, Nicolotti O, Kim H, Mathew B. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of oxygenated chalcones as potent and selective MAO-B inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2019; 93:103335. [PMID: 31606547 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study documents the synthesis of oxygenated chalcone (O1-O26) derivatives and their abilities to inhibit monoamine oxidases. All 26 derivatives examined showed potent inhibitory activity against MAO-B. Compound O23 showed the greatest inhibitory activity against MAO-B with an IC50 value of 0.0021 µM, followed by compounds O10 and O17 (IC50 = 0.0030 and 0.0034 µM, respectively). In addition, most of the derivatives potently inhibited MAO-A and O6 was the most potent inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.029 µM, followed by O3, O4, O9, and O2 (IC50 = 0.035, 0.053, 0.072, and 0.082 µM, respectively). O23 had a high selectivity index (SI) value for MAO-B of 138.1, and O20 (IC50 value for MAO-B = 0.010 µM) had an extremely high SI of >4000. In dialysis experiments, inhibitions of MAO-A and MAO-B by O6 and O23, respectively, were recovered to their respective reversible reference levels, demonstrating both are reversible inhibitors. Kinetic studies revealed that O6 and O23 competitively inhibited MAO-A and MAO-B, respectively, with respective Ki values of 0.016 ± 0.0007 and 0.00050 ± 0.00003 µM. Lead compound are also non-toxic at 200 µg/mL in normal rat spleen cells. Molecular docking simulations and subsequent Molecular Mechanics/Generalized Born Surface Area calculations provided a rationale that explained experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jong Min Oh
- Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Cheol Baek
- Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Pil Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Anna Rita Tondo
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via la Masa 19, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Orazio Nicolotti
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", via E. Orabona, 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea.
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Division of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ahalia School of Pharmacy, Palakkad 678557, Kerala, India.
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Mathew B, Parambi DGT, Mathew GE, Uddin MS, Inasu ST, Kim H, Marathakam A, Unnikrishnan MK, Carradori S. Emerging therapeutic potentials of dual-acting MAO and AChE inhibitors in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2019; 352:e1900177. [PMID: 31478569 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201900177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
No drug has been approved to prevent neuronal cell loss in patients suffering from Parkinson's disease (PD) or Alzheimer's disease (AD); despite increased comprehension of the underlying molecular causes, therapies target cognitive functional improvement and motor fluctuation control. Drug design strategies that adopt the "one protein, one target" philosophy fail to address the multifactorial aetiologies of neurodegenerative disorders such as AD and PD optimally. On the contrary, restoring neurotransmitter levels by combined combinatorial inhibition of cholinesterases, monoamine oxidases, and adenosine A2A A receptors, in conjunction with strategies to counter oxidative stress and beta-amyloid plaque accumulation, would constitute a therapeutically robust, multitarget approach. This extensive review delineates the therapeutic advantages of combining dual-acting molecules that inhibit monoamine oxidases and cholinesterases and/or adenosine A2A A receptors, and describes the structure-activity relationships of compound classes that include, but are not limited to, alkaloids, coumarins, chalcones, donepezil-propargylamine conjugates, homoisoflavonoids, resveratrol analogs, hydrazones, and pyrazolines. In the wake of recent advances in network biology, in silico approaches, and omics, this review emphasizes the need to consider conceptually informed research strategies for drug discovery, in the context of the mounting burden posed by chronic neurodegenerative diseases with complex aetiologies and pathophysiologies involving multiple signalling pathways and numerous drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijo Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Lab, Division of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry, Ahalia School of Pharmacy, Palakkad, India
| | - Della G T Parambi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Githa E Mathew
- Department of Pharmacology, Grace College of Pharmacy, Palakkad, India
| | - Md Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sini T Inasu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Lab, Division of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry, Ahalia School of Pharmacy, Palakkad, India
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy and Research, Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Akash Marathakam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National College of Pharmacy, Calicut, India
| | | | - Simone Carradori
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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Design, Synthesis and Docking Calculations of Prenylated Chalcones as Selective Monoamine Oxidase B Inhibitors with Antioxidant Activity. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201901282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Guglielmi P, Carradori S, Ammazzalorso A, Secci D. Novel approaches to the discovery of selective human monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors: is there room for improvement? Expert Opin Drug Discov 2019; 14:995-1035. [PMID: 31268358 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2019.1637415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Selective monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) inhibitors are currently used as coadjuvants for the treatment of early motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease. They can, based on their chemical structure and mechanism of inhibition, be categorized into reversible and irreversible agents. Areas covered: This review provides a comprehensive update on the development state of selective MAO-B inhibitors describing the results, structures, structure-activity relationships (SARs) and Medicinal chemistry strategies as well as the related shortcomings over the past five years. Expert opinion: Researchers have explored and implemented new and old chemical scaffolds achieving high inhibitory potencies and isoform selectivity. Most of them were characterized and proposed as multitarget agents able to act at different levels (including AChE inhibition, H3R or A2AR antagonism, antioxidant and chelating properties, Aβ1-42 aggregation reduction) in the network of aetiologies of neurodegenerative disorders. These results can also be used to avoid 'cheese-reaction' effects and the occurrence of serotonergic syndrome in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Guglielmi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma , Rome , Italy
| | - Simone Carradori
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara , Chieti , Italy
| | | | - Daniela Secci
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma , Rome , Italy
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Lakshminarayanan B, Baek SC, Lee JP, Kannappan N, Mangiatordi GF, Nicolotti O, Subburaju T, Kim H, Mathew B. Ethoxylated Head of Chalcones as a New Class of Multi‐Targeted MAO Inhibitors. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201901093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Balasubramanian Lakshminarayanan
- Division of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Research LabDepartment of Pharmaceutical ChemistryAhalia School of Pharmacy Palakkad- 678557, Kerala India
- Department of PharmacyAnnamalai University Chidambaram- 608002, Tamilnadu India
| | - Seung Cheol Baek
- Department of PharmacyResearch Institute of Life Pharmaceutical SciencesSunchon National University Suncheon 57922 Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Pil Lee
- Department of PharmacyResearch Institute of Life Pharmaceutical SciencesSunchon National University Suncheon 57922 Republic of Korea
| | - Nagappan Kannappan
- Department of PharmacyAnnamalai University Chidambaram- 608002, Tamilnadu India
| | | | - Orazio Nicolotti
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del FarmacoUniversita degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via E. Orabona, 4 I-70125 Bari Italy
| | - Thillainayagam Subburaju
- Division of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Research LabDepartment of Pharmaceutical ChemistryAhalia School of Pharmacy Palakkad- 678557, Kerala India
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of PharmacyResearch Institute of Life Pharmaceutical SciencesSunchon National University Suncheon 57922 Republic of Korea
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Division of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Research LabDepartment of Pharmaceutical ChemistryAhalia School of Pharmacy Palakkad- 678557, Kerala India
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Takao K, U S, Kamauchi H, Sugita Y. Design, synthesis and evaluation of 2-(indolylmethylidene)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-one and 2-(indolyl)-4H-chromen-4-one derivatives as novel monoamine oxidases inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2019; 87:594-600. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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41
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Youn K, Jun M. Biological Evaluation and Docking Analysis of Potent BACE1 Inhibitors from Boesenbergia rotunda. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11030662. [PMID: 30893825 PMCID: PMC6471523 DOI: 10.3390/nu11030662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive impairment of cognitive functions. Beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme1 (BACE1) is essential for the formation of β-amyloid peptide (Aβ), a major constituent of amyloid plaques that represent a neuropathological hallmark of this disorder. To find alternative therapies for AD sourced from natural products, the present study focused on three flavonoids from Boesenbergia rotunda, namely, cardamonin, pinocembrin, and pinostrobin. Biological evaluation showed that cardamonin presented the strongest BACE1 inhibition, with an The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 4.35 ± 0.38 µM, followed by pinocembrin and pinostrobin with 27.01 ± 2.12 and 28.44 ± 1.96 µM, respectively. Kinetic studies indicated that the inhibitory constants (Ki) for cardamonin, pinocembrin, and pinostrobin against BACE1 were 5.1, 29.3, and 30.9 µM, respectively. Molecular docking studies showed that the tested compounds did not bind to the BACE1 active site, consistent with the biological results, illustrating non-competitive inhibitory activity for all three compounds. In addition, the lowest binding energy of the most proposed complexes of cardamonin, pinocembrin, and pinostrobin with BACE1 were -9.5, -7.9, and -7.6 kcal/mol, respectively. Overall, we provide the first evidence that these flavonoids from B. rotunda may be considered as promising AD preventative agents through inhibition of Aβ formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumju Youn
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, Dong-A University, 37, Nakdong-daero 550 beon-gil, Saha-gu, Busan 49315, Korea.
| | - Mira Jun
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, Dong-A University, 37, Nakdong-daero 550 beon-gil, Saha-gu, Busan 49315, Korea.
- Center for Silver-Targeted Biomaterials, Brain Busan 21 Plus Program, Graduate School, Dong-A University, Nakdong-daero 550 beon-gil, Saha-gu, Busan 49315, Korea.
- Institute of Convergence Bio-Health, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea.
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Agrawal N, Mishra P. Synthesis, monoamine oxidase inhibitory activity and computational study of novel isoxazole derivatives as potential antiparkinson agents. Comput Biol Chem 2019; 79:63-72. [PMID: 30731360 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2019.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Monoamine oxidase (MAO) enzymes are one of the most promising targets for the treatment of neurological disorders. A series of phenylisoxazole carbohydrazides was designed, synthesized and screened for both MAO-A and MAO-B inhibition using Amplex Red assays. None of the compounds inhibited the MAO-A activity while most of them significantly inhibited MAO-B in the micromolar to nanomolar range. Among them, the compound N'-(4-methylbenzylidene)-5-phenylisoxazole-3-carbohydrazide (6c) exhibited the most potent inhibitory activity towards MAO-B. Enzyme kinetic studies revealed the reversible and competitive nature of compound 6c towards MAO-B inhibition. The results of the enzyme inhibition assay were in agreement with molecular docking study, in which compound 6c displayed a strong binding affinity for MAO-B with a docking score of -10.98 Kcal/mol. In order to explore the neuroprotective effect of compound 6c, MPTP-induced mouse model for Parkinson's disease was used, and motor behavioural assessment of experimental animals was carried out. The compound 6c was able to significantly prevent the MPTP-induced neurotoxicity as revealed by improvement in gait behaviour in footprint test and increase in grip strength score in horizontal wire test. Thus, phenylisoxazole carbohydrazides can be promising leads in the development of potent, selective and reversible MAO-B inhibitors for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Agrawal
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281406, India.
| | - Pradeep Mishra
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281406, India
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43
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Chaves OA, Sasidharan R, dos Santos de Oliveira CHC, Manju SL, Joy M, Mathew B, Netto-Ferreira JC. In Vitro
Study of the Interaction Between HSA and 4-Bromoindolylchalcone, a Potent Human MAO-B Inhibitor: Spectroscopic and Molecular Modeling Studies. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201802665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Otávio Augusto Chaves
- SENAI Innovation Institute for Green Chemistry.; Rua Morais e Silva N° 53, Maracanã 20271030 Rio de Janeiro-RJ Brazil
- Institute of Chemistry; Department of Organic Chemistry; Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro; BR-465 Km 7 23970-000 Seropédica-RJ Brazil
| | - Rani Sasidharan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science; Government T.D. Medical College, Alappuzha; Kerala India
- Department of Chemistry, SAS; VIT University, Vellore; 632014 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Cosme H. C. dos Santos de Oliveira
- Institute of Chemistry; Department of Organic Chemistry; Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro; BR-465 Km 7 23970-000 Seropédica-RJ Brazil
| | | | - Monu Joy
- School of Pure & Applied Physics; M.G. University; 686560 Kottayam India
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Division of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Ahalia School of Pharmacy, Palakkad; 678557 Kerala India
| | - José Carlos Netto-Ferreira
- SENAI Innovation Institute for Green Chemistry.; Rua Morais e Silva N° 53, Maracanã 20271030 Rio de Janeiro-RJ Brazil
- Divisão de Metrologia Química; Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia (INMETRO); 25250-020 Duque de Caxias-RJ Brazil
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Mathew B, Baek SC, Thomas Parambi DG, Lee JP, Mathew GE, Jayanthi S, Vinod D, Rapheal C, Devikrishna V, Kondarath SS, Uddin MS, Kim H. Potent and highly selective dual-targeting monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors: Fluorinated chalcones of morpholine versus imidazole. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2019; 352:e1800309. [PMID: 30663112 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201800309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Two series of fluorinated chalcones containing morpholine and imidazole-based compounds (f1-f8) were synthesized and evaluated for recombinant human monoamine oxidase (MAO)-A and -B as well as acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities. Our results indicate that morpholine containing chalcones are highly selective MAO-B inhibitors having reversibility properties. All the imidazole-based fluorinated chalcones showed weak MAO inhibitions in both isoforms. Among the tested compounds, (2E)-3-(3-fluorophenyl)-1-[4-(morpholin-4-yl)phenyl]prop-2-en-1-one (f2) showed potent inhibitory activity for recombinant human MAO-B (IC50 = 0.087 μM) with a high selectivity index (SI) of 517.2. In the recovery experiments using dialysis, the residual activity of MAO-B inhibited by f2 was close to that with the reversible reference inhibitor. Inhibition assays revealed that the Ki values of f1 and f2 for MAO-B were 0.027 and 0.020 μM, respectively, with competitive patterns. All the morpholine-based compounds (f1-f4) showed moderate inhibition toward acetylcholinesterase with IC50 values ranging between 24 and 54 μM. All morpholine-containing compounds exhibit good blood-brain barrier permeation in the PAMPA method. The rational approach regarding the highly selective MAO-B inhibitor f2 was further ascertained by induced fit docking and molecular dynamics simulation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijo Mathew
- Division of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ahalia School of Pharmacy, Palakkad, India
| | - Seung C Baek
- Department of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jae P Lee
- Department of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Githa E Mathew
- Department of Pharmacology, Grace College of Pharmacy, Palakkad, India
| | - Sivaraman Jayanthi
- Computational Drug Design Lab, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - Devaraji Vinod
- Computational Drug Design Lab, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - Clariya Rapheal
- Division of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ahalia School of Pharmacy, Palakkad, India
| | - Vinod Devikrishna
- Division of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ahalia School of Pharmacy, Palakkad, India
| | - Shahin Shad Kondarath
- Division of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ahalia School of Pharmacy, Palakkad, India
| | - Md Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Republic of Korea
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45
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Mathew B. Unraveling the Structural Requirements of Chalcone Chemistry Towards Monoamine Oxidase Inhibition. Cent Nerv Syst Agents Med Chem 2019; 19:6-7. [PMID: 30706795 DOI: 10.2174/1871524919666190131160122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bijo Mathew
- Division of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ahalia School of Pharmacy, Palakkad-678557, Kerala, India
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46
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Maddela S, Makula A, Galigniana MD, Parambi DGT, Federicci F, Mazaira G, Hendawy OM, Dev S, Mathew GE, Mathew B. Fe3
O4
nanoparticles mediated synthesis of novel spirooxindole-dihydropyrimidinone molecules as Hsp90 inhibitors. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2018; 352:e1800174. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201800174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Srinubabu Maddela
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Science and Technology; Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University; Hyderabad India
| | - Ajitha Makula
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Science and Technology; Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University; Hyderabad India
| | - Mario D. Galigniana
- Laboratory of Nuclear Receptors; Institute of Biology and Experimental Medicine (IBYME); Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Della G. T. Parambi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Jouf University; Al-Jouf Saudi Arabia
| | - Fernando Federicci
- Laboratory of Nuclear Receptors; Institute of Biology and Experimental Medicine (IBYME); Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Gisela Mazaira
- Laboratory of Nuclear Receptors; Institute of Biology and Experimental Medicine (IBYME); Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Omnia M. Hendawy
- Department of Pharmacology; Jouf University; Al-Jouf Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Pharmacology; Beni Seuf University; Beni Seuf Egypt
| | - Sanal Dev
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Al Shifa College of Pharmacy; Perinthalmanna India
| | - Githa E. Mathew
- Department of Pharmacology; Grace College of Pharmacy; Palakkad India
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Division of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Ahalia School of Pharmacy; Palakkad India
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Parambi DGT, Aljoufi F, Murugaiyah V, Mathew GE, Dev S, Lakshminarayanan B, Hendawy OM, Mathew B. Cholinesterase Inhibitory Activities of Selected Halogenated Thiophene Chalcones. Cent Nerv Syst Agents Med Chem 2018; 19:67-71. [PMID: 30451121 DOI: 10.2174/1871524918666181119114016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dual-acting human monoamine oxidase B (hMAO-B) and cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitors are more effective than the classic one-drug one-target therapy for Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS The ChE inhibitory ability of some halogenated thiophene chalcone-based molecules known to be selective hMAO-B inhibitors was evaluated. RESULTS Based on the IC50 values, the selected compounds were found to moderately inhibit ChE, with IC50 values in the range of 14-70 µM. Among the synthesised molecules, T8 and T6 showed the most potent inhibitory activity against AChE and BChE, respectively. CONCLUSION Taken together, the data revealed that T8 could be further optimized to enhance its AChE inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Della G T Parambi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al Jouf-2014, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fakhrya Aljoufi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Al- Jouf University, Sakaka, Al Jouf-2014, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vikneswaran Murugaiyah
- Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
| | - Githa E Mathew
- Department of Pharmacology, Grace College of Pharmacy, Palakkad 678004, Kerala, India
| | - Sanal Dev
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Al Shifa College of Pharmacy, Perinthalmanna 679325, Kerala, India
| | - Balasubramanain Lakshminarayanan
- Division of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ahalia School of Pharmacy, Palakkad-678557, Kerala, India
| | - Omnia M Hendawy
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Al- Jouf University, Sakaka, Al Jouf-2014, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni Suef University, Bani Sweif, Egypt
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Division of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ahalia School of Pharmacy, Palakkad-678557, Kerala, India
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48
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Mathew B, Baek SC, Grace Thomas Parambi D, Pil Lee J, Joy M, Annie Rilda PR, Randev RV, Nithyamol P, Vijayan V, Inasu ST, Mathew GE, Lohidakshan KK, Kumar Krishnan G, Kim H. Selected aryl thiosemicarbazones as a new class of multi-targeted monoamine oxidase inhibitors. MEDCHEMCOMM 2018; 9:1871-1881. [PMID: 30568755 DOI: 10.1039/c8md00399h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A series of 13 phenyl substituted thiosemicarbazones (SB1-SB13) were synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory potential towards human recombinant monoamine oxidase A and B (MAO-A and MAO-B, respectively) and acetylcholinesterase. The solid state structure of SB4 was ascertained by the single X-ray diffraction technique. Compounds SB5 and SB11 were potent for MAO-A (IC50 1.82 ± 0.14) and MAO-B (IC50 0.27 ± 0.015 μM), respectively. Furthermore, SB11 showed a high selectivity index (SI > 37.0) for MAO-B. The effects of fluorine orientation revealed that SB11 (m-fluorine) showed 28.2 times higher inhibitory activity than SB12 (o-fluorine) against MAO-B. Furthermore, inhibitions by SB5 and SB11 against MAO-A and MAO-B, respectively, were recovered to near reference levels in reversibility experiments. Both SB5 and SB11 showed competitive inhibition modes, with K i values of 0.97 ± 0.042 and 0.12 ± 0.006 μM, respectively. These results indicate that SB5 and SB11 are selective, reversible and competitive inhibitors of MAO-A and MAO-B, respectively. Compounds SB5, SB7 and SB11 showed moderate inhibition against acetylcholinesterase with IC50 values of 35.35 ± 0.47, 15.61 ± 0.057 and 26.61 ± 0.338 μM, respectively. Blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeation was studied using the parallel artificial membrane permeation assay (PAMPA) method. Molecular docking studies were carried out using AutoDock 4.2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijo Mathew
- Division of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab , Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Ahalia School of Pharmacy , Palakkad-678557 , Kerala , India .
| | - Seung Cheol Baek
- Department of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences , Sunchon National University , Suncheon-57922 , Republic of Korea .
| | | | - Jae Pil Lee
- Department of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences , Sunchon National University , Suncheon-57922 , Republic of Korea .
| | - Monu Joy
- School of Pure & Applied Physics , M.G. University , Kottayam , Kerala , India
| | - P R Annie Rilda
- Division of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab , Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Ahalia School of Pharmacy , Palakkad-678557 , Kerala , India .
| | - Rugma V Randev
- Division of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab , Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Ahalia School of Pharmacy , Palakkad-678557 , Kerala , India .
| | - P Nithyamol
- Division of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab , Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Ahalia School of Pharmacy , Palakkad-678557 , Kerala , India .
| | - Vijitha Vijayan
- Division of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab , Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Ahalia School of Pharmacy , Palakkad-678557 , Kerala , India .
| | - Sini T Inasu
- Division of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab , Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Ahalia School of Pharmacy , Palakkad-678557 , Kerala , India .
| | | | | | - Girish Kumar Krishnan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Government Medical College Trivandrum , India
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences , Sunchon National University , Suncheon-57922 , Republic of Korea .
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49
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Imidazole bearing chalcones as a new class of monoamine oxidase inhibitors. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 106:8-13. [PMID: 29940538 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.06.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, series of eleven (2E)-1-[4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)substituted phenyl]-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one (IM1-IM11) derivatives were synthesized and evaluated as inhibitors of recombinant human monoamine oxidase (MAO) A and B. The results indicate that (2E)-3-[4-(dimethylamino) phenyl]-1-[4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl) phenyl] prop-2-en-1-one (IM5) is a nonselective and reversible competitive inhibitor of MAO-A and MAO-B with IC50 values of 0.30 ± 0.010 and 0.40 ± 0.017 μM, respectively ; those of (2E)-1-[4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl) phenyl]-3-(4-methylphenyl) prop-2-en-1-one (IM4) were 1.06 ± 0.090 and 0.32 ± 0.021 μM, respectively. Kinetic studies document that both IM5 and IM4 are competitive inhibitors of MAO-A and MAO-B with Ki value of 0.11 ± 0.0085 and 0.085 ± 0.0064 μM, respectively. Molecular docking studies of lead compounds further explained the binding modes in the inhibitor binding cavity of both MAO-A and MAO-B.
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50
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Tripathi AC, Upadhyay S, Paliwal S, Saraf SK. Privileged scaffolds as MAO inhibitors: Retrospect and prospects. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 145:445-497. [PMID: 29335210 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This review aims to be a comprehensive, authoritative, critical, and readable review of general interest to the medicinal chemistry community because it focuses on the pharmacological, chemical, structural and computational aspects of diverse chemical categories as monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). Monoamine oxidases (MAOs), namely MAO-A and MAO-B represent an enormously valuable class of neuronal enzymes embodying neurobiological origin and functions, serving as potential therapeutic target in neuronal pharmacotherapy, and hence we have coined the term "Neurozymes" which is being introduced for the first time ever. Nowadays, therapeutic attention on MAOIs engrosses two imperative categories; MAO-A inhibitors, in certain mental disorders such as depression and anxiety, and MAO-B inhibitors, in neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). The use of MAOIs declined due to some potential side effects, food and drug interactions, and introduction of other classes of drugs. However, curiosity in MAOIs is reviving and the recent developments of new generation of highly selective and reversible MAOIs, have renewed the therapeutic prospective of these compounds. The initial section of the review emphasizes on the detailed classification, structural and binding characteristics, therapeutic potential, current status and future challenges of the privileged pharmacophores. However, the chemical prospective of privileged scaffolds such as; aliphatic and aromatic amines, amides, hydrazines, azoles, diazoles, tetrazoles, indoles, azines, diazines, xanthenes, tricyclics, benzopyrones, and more interestingly natural products, along with their conclusive SARs have been discussed in the later segment of review. The last segment of the article encompasses some patents granted in the field of MAOIs, in a simplistic way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash C Tripathi
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Babu Banarasi Das Northern India Institute of Technology, Lucknow 226028, UP, India
| | - Savita Upadhyay
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Babu Banarasi Das Northern India Institute of Technology, Lucknow 226028, UP, India
| | - Sarvesh Paliwal
- Pharmacy Department, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Tonk 304022, Rajasthan, India
| | - Shailendra K Saraf
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Babu Banarasi Das Northern India Institute of Technology, Lucknow 226028, UP, India.
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