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Ouyang K, Oparaugo N, Nelson AM, Agak GW. T Cell Extracellular Traps: Tipping the Balance Between Skin Health and Disease. Front Immunol 2022; 13:900634. [PMID: 35795664 PMCID: PMC9250990 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.900634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of extracellular traps (ETs) in the innate immune response against pathogens is well established. ETs were first identified in neutrophils and have since been identified in several other immune cells. Although the mechanistic details are not yet fully understood, recent reports have described antigen-specific T cells producing T cell extracellular traps (TETs). Depending on their location within the cutaneous environment, TETs may be beneficial to the host by their ability to limit the spread of pathogens and provide protection against damage to body tissues, and promote early wound healing and degradation of inflammatory mediators, leading to the resolution of inflammatory responses within the skin. However, ETs have also been associated with worse disease outcomes. Here, we consider host-microbe ET interactions by highlighting how cutaneous T cell-derived ETs aid in orchestrating host immune responses against Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes), a commensal skin bacterium that contributes to skin health, but is also associated with acne vulgaris and surgical infections following joint-replacement procedures. Insights on the role of the skin microbes in regulating T cell ET formation have broad implications not only in novel probiotic design for acne treatment, but also in the treatment for other chronic inflammatory skin disorders and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey Ouyang
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States
- David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Nicole Oparaugo
- David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Amanda M. Nelson
- Department of Dermatology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - George W. Agak
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: George W. Agak,
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Sex-specific exposures and sex-combined outcomes in two-sample Mendelian randomization may mislead the causal inference. Arthritis Res Ther 2022; 24:237. [PMID: 36280857 PMCID: PMC9590193 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-022-02922-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
With great interest, we have read the recent article “Age at menarche, age at natural menopause, and risk of rheumatoid arthritis — a Mendelian randomization study” by Zhu et al. While we have a great appreciation for the work conducted by the authors, there are some methodological issues that need to be reconsidered. First, the gender description of the sample for age at first birth in this study is wrong according to the original genome-wide association study. Second, the study exploited sex-specific SNPs for age at menarche (AAM) and age at natural menopause (ANM) but sex-combined effects of the SNPs on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) that possibly lead no evidence for the causation of AAM and ANM on RA. We suggested the author add the possible biases due to the issue in the limitations. With problems mentioned above, we recommend solutions to make this article more perfect.
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Salhi M, Tizaoui K, Louhaichi S, Lahmar O, Hamzaoui K, Hamzaoui A. IL-26 gene variants and protein expression in Tunisian asthmatic patients. Cytokine 2020; 134:155206. [PMID: 32683104 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The interleukin-26 (IL-26), a member of the IL-10 family is one of the latest discovered cytokines which contributes in numerous chronic autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. In the current case-control study, we investigated the distribution of three IL-26 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs7134599, rs2870946 & rs1558744) in 440 Tunisian adults via Taqman genotyping assay. The presence of rs7134599 and rs1558744 polymorphisms considerably reduced the risk of developing asthma while the rs7134599 AA [OR = 0.40, CI: 0.23-0.70] and AG [OR = 0.50, CI (0.32-0.76)] genotypes protected against the asthma risk. The rs7134599 A allele was correlated with a lower risk of developing severe asthma (p < 0.001) while that of the rs2870946 CC genotype was associated with a higher risk of developing asthma in smoking patients (p < 0.001). In addition, we measured the IL-26 levels in the serum by an Enzyme-linked-Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). During the analysis, we found that IL-26 serum levels were incredibly increased in asthmatic patients compared to the healthy controls. Our study revealed a significant association of IL-26 gene polymorphisms with asthma for the first time which can serve as biomarkers for asthma in the Tunisian population. The significant increase of IL-26 serum protein levels in asthma patients suggested a major role of IL-26 in asthma phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariem Salhi
- University of Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Department of Basic Sciences, Tunis, Tunisia; Abderrahman Mami Hospital, Department of Pediatric Respiratory Diseases, Unit Research 19SP02 "Exploration of the Deep Lung: From Gene to Management", Pavilion B, 2080 Ariana, Tunisia.
| | - Kalthoum Tizaoui
- Abderrahman Mami Hospital, Department of Pediatric Respiratory Diseases, Unit Research 19SP02 "Exploration of the Deep Lung: From Gene to Management", Pavilion B, 2080 Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Sabrine Louhaichi
- Abderrahman Mami Hospital, Department of Pediatric Respiratory Diseases, Unit Research 19SP02 "Exploration of the Deep Lung: From Gene to Management", Pavilion B, 2080 Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Oussama Lahmar
- University of Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Department of Basic Sciences, Tunis, Tunisia; Abderrahman Mami Hospital, Department of Pediatric Respiratory Diseases, Unit Research 19SP02 "Exploration of the Deep Lung: From Gene to Management", Pavilion B, 2080 Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Kamel Hamzaoui
- University of Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Department of Basic Sciences, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Agnes Hamzaoui
- University of Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Department of Basic Sciences, Tunis, Tunisia; Abderrahman Mami Hospital, Department of Pediatric Respiratory Diseases, Unit Research 19SP02 "Exploration of the Deep Lung: From Gene to Management", Pavilion B, 2080 Ariana, Tunisia
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Interleukin 26 Skews Macrophage Polarization Towards M1 Phenotype by Activating cJUN and the NF-κB Pathway. Cells 2020; 9:cells9040938. [PMID: 32290250 PMCID: PMC7227026 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin 26 (IL-26) is a new member of the IL-10 family that is highly expressed in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the functions of IL-26 produced by macrophages in RA have not been elucidated. In the present work, we evaluated the effects and the mechanisms of IL-26 on M1 and M2 macrophage differentiation. Human or mouse macrophage cells were treated with lipopolysaccharides (LPS), interferon gamma (IFNγ), or IL-4 alone or concurrently treated with IL-26 to monitor M1 or M2 macrophage subtypes. The expression level of M1 or M2 macrophage genes was evaluated by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The molecular mechanisms of downstream signaling activation during differentiation were investigated by immunoblotting assay. Our results found that IL-26 promoted macrophage cells from CD80+ M1 macrophage differentiation, not from the CD206+ M2 phenotype. The messenger RNA of M1-type macrophage markers tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was up-regulated in the IL-26-treated group. Also, the M1-related proinflammatory cytokines TNFα and IL-6 were induced after IL-26 stimulation. Interestingly, IL-10, a cytokine marker of M2 macrophage, was also elevated after IL-26 stimulation. Moreover, the M1-like macrophage stimulated by IL-26 underwent cJUN, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) activation. Our findings suggested the role of IL-26 in synovial macrophages of active rheumatoid arthritis and provided a new insight into IL-26 as a candidate therapeutic target in rheumatoid arthritis.
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Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacterium that infects the gastric epithelia of its human host. Everyone who is colonized with these pathogenic bacteria can develop gastric inflammation, termed gastritis. Additionally, a small proportion of colonized people develop more adverse outcomes, including gastric ulcer disease, gastric adenocarcinoma, or gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. The development of these adverse outcomes is dependent on the establishment of a chronic inflammatory response. The development and control of this chronic inflammatory response are significantly impacted by CD4+ T helper cell activity. Noteworthy, T helper 17 (Th17) cells, a proinflammatory subset of CD4+ T cells, produce several proinflammatory cytokines that activate innate immune cell antimicrobial activity, drive a pathogenic immune response, regulate B cell responses, and participate in wound healing. Therefore, this review was written to take an intricate look at the involvement of Th17 cells and their affiliated cytokines (interleukin-17A [IL-17A], IL-17F, IL-21, IL-22, and IL-26) in regulating the immune response to H. pylori colonization and carcinogenesis.
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Larochette V, Miot C, Poli C, Beaumont E, Roingeard P, Fickenscher H, Jeannin P, Delneste Y. IL-26, a Cytokine With Roles in Extracellular DNA-Induced Inflammation and Microbial Defense. Front Immunol 2019; 10:204. [PMID: 30809226 PMCID: PMC6379347 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin 26 (IL-26) is the most recently identified member of the IL-20 cytokine subfamily, and is a novel mediator of inflammation overexpressed in activated or transformed T cells. Novel properties have recently been assigned to IL-26, owing to its non-conventional cationic, and amphipathic features. IL-26 binds to DNA released from damaged cells and, as a carrier molecule for extracellular DNA, links DNA to inflammation. This observation suggests that IL-26 may act both as a driver and an effector of inflammation, leading to the establishment of a deleterious amplification loop and, ultimately, sustained inflammation. Thus, IL-26 emerges as an important mediator in local immunity/inflammation. The dysregulated expression and extracellular DNA carrier capacity of IL-26 may have profound consequences for the chronicity of inflammation. IL-26 also exhibits direct antimicrobial properties. This review summarizes recent advances on the biology of IL-26 and discusses its roles as a novel kinocidin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Larochette
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Charline Miot
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Angers, France.,CHU Angers, Département d'Immunologie et Allergologie, Angers, France
| | - Caroline Poli
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Angers, France.,CHU Angers, Département d'Immunologie et Allergologie, Angers, France
| | - Elodie Beaumont
- Inserm unit 1259, Medical School of the University of Tours, Tours, France
| | - Philippe Roingeard
- Inserm unit 1259, Medical School of the University of Tours, Tours, France
| | - Helmut Fickenscher
- Institute for Infection Medicine, Christian-Albrecht University of Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Pascale Jeannin
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Angers, France.,CHU Angers, Département d'Immunologie et Allergologie, Angers, France
| | - Yves Delneste
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Angers, France.,CHU Angers, Département d'Immunologie et Allergologie, Angers, France
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Kragstrup TW, Andersen T, Heftdal LD, Hvid M, Gerwien J, Sivakumar P, Taylor PC, Senolt L, Deleuran B. The IL-20 Cytokine Family in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Spondyloarthritis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2226. [PMID: 30319661 PMCID: PMC6167463 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This review describes the IL-20 family of cytokines in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and spondyloartrhitits (SpA) including psoriatic arthritis. The IL-20 receptor (R) cytokines IL-19, IL-20, and IL-24 are produced in both the peripheral blood and the synovial joint and are induced by Toll-like receptor ligands and autoantibody-associated immune complexes in monocytes. IL-19 seems to have anti-inflammatory functions in arthritis. In contrast, IL-20 and IL-24 increase the production of proinflammatory molecules such as monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 and are associated with bone degradation and radiographic progression. IL-22 is also associated with progression of bone erosions. This suggests that the IL-22RA1 subunit shared by IL-20, IL-22, and IL-24 is important for bone homeostasis. In line with this, the IL-22RA1 has been found on preosteoclasts in early RA. IL-26 is produced in high amounts by myofibroblasts and IL-26 stimulation of monocytes is an important inducer of Th17 cells in RA. This indicates a role for IL-26 as an important factor in the interactions between resident synovial cells and infiltrating leukocytes. Clinical trials that investigate inhibitors of IL-20 (fletikumab) and IL-22 (fezakinumab) in psoriasis and RA have been terminated. Instead, it seems that the strategy for modulating the IL-20 cytokine family should take the overlap in cellular sources and effector mechanisms into account. The redundancy encourages inhibition of more than one cytokine or one of the shared receptors. All IL-20 family members utilize the Janus kinase signaling pathway and are therefore potentially inhibited by drugs targeting these enzymes. Effects and adverse effects in ongoing clinical trials with inhibitors of IL-22 and the IL-22RA1 subunit and recombinant IL-22 fusion proteins will possibly provide important information about the IL-20 subfamily of cytokines in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tue W Kragstrup
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Rheumatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Thomas Andersen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Line D Heftdal
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Malene Hvid
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Pallavur Sivakumar
- Immuno Oncology Translational Development, Celgene Corportation, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Peter C Taylor
- Nuffield Department of Orthopedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ladislav Senolt
- Institute of Rheumatology and Department of Rheumatology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Bent Deleuran
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Rheumatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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8
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IL26 modulates cytokine response and anti-TNF consumption in Crohn’s disease patients with bacterial DNA. J Mol Med (Berl) 2017; 95:1227-1236. [DOI: 10.1007/s00109-017-1585-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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9
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Peng YJ, Wang CY, Lin YH, Lin GJ, Huang SH, Shyu JF, Sytwu HK, Cheng CP. Interleukin 26 suppresses receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand induced osteoclastogenesis via down-regulation of nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 and nuclear factor κB activity. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2016; 55:2074-2083. [PMID: 27550297 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kew302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE IL-26 has been shown to have high expression in RA. However, the effects of IL-26 on bone destruction in RA have not been evaluated. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects and mechanisms of IL-26 on RANK ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis. METHODS We treated cells with IL-26 in RANKL-induced oseteoclastogenesis to monitor osteoclast formation by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining. Osteoclast activity was assessed by pit formation assay and F-actin ring formation. The mechanism of the inhibition was studied by biochemical analyses such as RT-PCR, immunofluorescence staining and immunoblotting. In addition, cell viability was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. RESULTS IL-26 inhibited RANKL-induced TRAP-positive multinucleated cells and inhibited RANKL-induced nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) activation and nuclear factor of activated T cells, cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) nuclear translocation in RAW264.7 cells. Also, IL-26 significantly inhibited the bone-resorbing activity and F-actin ring formation ability of mature osteoclasts. Moreover, IL-26 suppressed RANKL-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase activation and NFATc1 downstream gene expression. CONCLUSION We suggest that the inhibitory activity of IL-26 on osteoclastogenesis is via down-regulation of RANKL-induced NF-κB and NFATc1 expression. Our results suggest IL-26 as a possible new remedy against osteolytic bone destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jen Peng
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital
| | - Chao-Ying Wang
- Department and Graduate institute of Biology and Anatomy
| | - Yi-Hsuan Lin
- Department and Graduate institute of Biology and Anatomy
| | - Gu-Jiun Lin
- Department and Graduate institute of Biology and Anatomy
| | - Shing-Hwa Huang
- Department and Graduate institute of Biology and Anatomy.,Department of General Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital
| | - Jia-Fwu Shyu
- Department and Graduate institute of Biology and Anatomy
| | - Huey-Kang Sytwu
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences.,Department and Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Pi Cheng
- Department and Graduate institute of Biology and Anatomy
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Iwaszko M, Świerkot J, Kolossa K, Jeka S, Wiland P, Bogunia-Kubik K. Polymorphisms within the human leucocyte antigen-E gene and their associations with susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis as well as clinical outcome of anti-tumour necrosis factor therapy. Clin Exp Immunol 2015; 182:270-7. [PMID: 26307125 PMCID: PMC4636889 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Involvement of the non-classical human leucocyte antigen-E (HLA-E) in both innate and acquired immune response suggests its possible role in development of autoimmune pathologies. This study was undertaken to investigate relationships between the HLA-E gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and a risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), as well as to evaluate a potential of these polymorphisms to modulate clinical outcome of anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) treatment in female patients. A total of 223 female patients with RA receiving anti-TNF biological therapy and 134 female healthy subjects were enrolled into the study. Genotypings for two SNPs within the HLA-E gene (rs1264457 HLA-E*01:01/01:03; rs1059510 HLA-E*01:03:01/01:03:02) were performed using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification employing LightSNiP assays. Clinical response was evaluated according to the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) criteria at 12 and 24 weeks after initiation of the therapy. The frequency of the HLA-E*01:01/01:01 genotype was decreased significantly in RA patients in comparison to controls (P = 0.031). The presence of the HLA-E*01:01/01:01 genotype in patients correlated with better EULAR response after 12 weeks of anti-TNF treatment, while 01:03 allele carriers were generally unresponsive to the treatment (P = 0.014). The HLA-E*01:03/01:03 genotype was also over-represented among non-responding patients in comparison to HLA-E*01:01/01:01 homozygotes (P = 0.021). With respect to the HLA-E rs1059510 variation, a better response after 12 weeks was observed more frequently in patients carrying the HLA-E*01:03:01/01:03:01 genotype than other genotypes (P = 0.009). The results derived from this study imply that HLA-E polymorphisms may influence RA susceptibility and affect clinical outcome of anti-TNF therapy in female RA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Iwaszko
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunogenetics and Pharmacogenetics, L. Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of SciencesWroclaw, Poland
| | - J Świerkot
- Department of Rheumatology and Internal Medicine, Wroclaw Medical UniversityWroclaw
| | - K Kolossa
- Clinical Department of Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, Hospital University Number 2 Jana BizielaBydgoszcz, Poland
| | - S Jeka
- Clinical Department of Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, Hospital University Number 2 Jana BizielaBydgoszcz, Poland
| | - P Wiland
- Department of Rheumatology and Internal Medicine, Wroclaw Medical UniversityWroclaw
| | - K Bogunia-Kubik
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunogenetics and Pharmacogenetics, L. Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of SciencesWroclaw, Poland
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Yamagata T, Skepner J, Yang J. Targeting Th17 Effector Cytokines for the Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2015; 63:405-14. [PMID: 26358867 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-015-0362-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-17-producing T cells, especially T helper (Th)17 cells, play a critical role in the pathogenesis of a variety of autoimmune inflammatory diseases. The pathogenic function of Th17 cells results from their production of Th17 effector cytokines, namely IL-17 (or IL-17A), IL-17F, IL-22 and IL-26. The importance of IL-17 has been demonstrated by antibody neutralization studies in both animal models of autoimmune diseases as well as in human clinical trials. This review highlights the current knowledge of the clinical aspects of the Th17 cytokines as well as therapeutic antibodies against IL-17, IL-17F, IL-17 receptor, IL-22, IL-26 and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor for the future treatment of autoimmune inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jill Skepner
- Tempero, GlaxoSmithKline, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Jianfei Yang
- Tempero, GlaxoSmithKline, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
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12
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Guo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology; Peking University People's Hospital; Beijing China
| | - Zhanguo Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology; Peking University People's Hospital; Beijing China
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13
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Meller S, Di Domizio J, Voo KS, Friedrich HC, Chamilos G, Ganguly D, Conrad C, Gregorio J, Le Roy D, Roger T, Ladbury JE, Homey B, Watowich S, Modlin RL, Kontoyiannis DP, Liu YJ, Arold ST, Gilliet M. T(H)17 cells promote microbial killing and innate immune sensing of DNA via interleukin 26. Nat Immunol 2015; 16:970-9. [PMID: 26168081 PMCID: PMC4776746 DOI: 10.1038/ni.3211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin 17-producing helper T cells (T(H)17 cells) have a major role in protection against infections and in mediating autoimmune diseases, yet the mechanisms involved are incompletely understood. We found that interleukin 26 (IL-26), a human T(H)17 cell-derived cytokine, is a cationic amphipathic protein that kills extracellular bacteria via membrane-pore formation. Furthermore, T(H)17 cell-derived IL-26 formed complexes with bacterial DNA and self-DNA released by dying bacteria and host cells. The resulting IL-26-DNA complexes triggered the production of type I interferon by plasmacytoid dendritic cells via activation of Toll-like receptor 9, but independently of the IL-26 receptor. These findings provide insights into the potent antimicrobial and proinflammatory function of T(H)17 cells by showing that IL-26 is a natural human antimicrobial that promotes immune sensing of bacterial and host cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Meller
- 1] Department of Immunology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA. [2] Department of Dermatology, Heinrich-Heine-University Medical Faculty, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jeremy Di Domizio
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kui S Voo
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Heike C Friedrich
- Department of Dermatology, Heinrich-Heine-University Medical Faculty, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Georgios Chamilos
- 1] Department of Immunology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA. [2] Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Dipyaman Ganguly
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Curdin Conrad
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Josh Gregorio
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Didier Le Roy
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thierry Roger
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - John E Ladbury
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Bernhard Homey
- Department of Dermatology, Heinrich-Heine-University Medical Faculty, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stanley Watowich
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Robert L Modlin
- Division of Dermatology, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Dimitrios P Kontoyiannis
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yong-Jun Liu
- Department of Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Stefan T Arold
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences &Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Michel Gilliet
- 1] Department of Immunology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA. [2] Department of Dermatology, University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
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14
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Tengvall S, Che KF, Lindén A. Interleukin-26: An Emerging Player in Host Defense and Inflammation. J Innate Immun 2015. [PMID: 26202572 DOI: 10.1159/000434646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of interleukin (IL)-26 was initially attributed to T cells, and in particular to Th17 cells. However, more recent findings indicate IL-26 production in natural killer (NK) cells, macrophages and fibroblast-like cells as well. It is known that IL-26 binds to the IL-20R1/IL-10R2 receptor complex on certain target cells, where it causes specific intracellular signaling and the secretion of IL-1β, IL-8 and TNF-α. In line with this type of proinflammatory role, IL-26 also increases chemotaxis of human neutrophils. Interestingly, high levels of IL-26 are present even in normal human airways, and endotoxin exposure further enhances these levels; this indicates involvement in antibacterial host defense. Studies on acute inflammatory disorders are few but there are studies showing the involvement of IL-26 in rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease. In conclusion, IL-26 is emerging as a potentially important player in host defense and may also be a pathogenic factor in the chronic inflammatory disorders of humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Tengvall
- Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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15
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Ohnuma K, Hatano R, Aune TM, Otsuka H, Iwata S, Dang NH, Yamada T, Morimoto C. Regulation of pulmonary graft-versus-host disease by IL-26+CD26+CD4 T lymphocytes. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 194:3697-712. [PMID: 25786689 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1402785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Obliterative bronchiolitis is a potentially life-threatening noninfectious pulmonary complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and the only pathognomonic manifestation of pulmonary chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD). In the current study, we identified a novel effect of IL-26 on transplant-related obliterative bronchiolitis. Sublethally irradiated NOD/Shi-scidIL2rγ(null) mice transplanted with human umbilical cord blood (HuCB mice) gradually developed clinical signs of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) such as loss of weight, ruffled fur, and alopecia. Histologically, lung of HuCB mice exhibited obliterative bronchiolitis with increased collagen deposition and predominant infiltration with human IL-26(+)CD26(+)CD4 T cells. Concomitantly, skin manifested fat loss and sclerosis of the reticular dermis in the presence of apoptosis of the basilar keratinocytes, whereas the liver exhibited portal fibrosis and cholestasis. Moreover, although IL-26 is absent from rodents, we showed that IL-26 increased collagen synthesis in fibroblasts and promoted lung fibrosis in a murine GVHD model using IL-26 transgenic mice. In vitro analysis demonstrated a significant increase in IL-26 production by HuCB CD4 T cells following CD26 costimulation, whereas Ig Fc domain fused with the N-terminal of caveolin-1 (Cav-Ig), the ligand for CD26, effectively inhibited production of IL-26. Administration of Cav-Ig before or after onset of GVHD impeded the development of clinical and histologic features of GVHD without interrupting engraftment of donor-derived human cells, with preservation of the graft-versus-leukemia effect. These results therefore provide proof of principle that cGVHD of the lungs is caused in part by IL-26(+)CD26(+)CD4 T cells, and that treatment with Cav-Ig could be beneficial for cGVHD prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Ohnuma
- Department of Therapy Development and Innovation for Immune Disorders and Cancers, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Ryo Hatano
- Department of Therapy Development and Innovation for Immune Disorders and Cancers, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Thomas M Aune
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Haruna Otsuka
- Department of Therapy Development and Innovation for Immune Disorders and Cancers, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Satoshi Iwata
- Department of Therapy Development and Innovation for Immune Disorders and Cancers, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Nam H Dang
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610; and
| | - Taketo Yamada
- Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Chikao Morimoto
- Department of Therapy Development and Innovation for Immune Disorders and Cancers, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan;
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16
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Du Y, Cui Y, Liu X, Hu F, Yang Y, Wu X, Liu X, Ma X, Zuo X, Sheng Y, Liu X, Xu J, Zhu P, Sun L, Hong N, Zhang X, Guo J, Li Z. Contribution of FunctionalLILRA3, but Not NonfunctionalLILRA3, to Sex Bias in Susceptibility and Severity of Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibody-Positive Rheumatoid Arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2014; 66:822-30. [PMID: 24757135 DOI: 10.1002/art.38308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Du
- Peking University People's Hospital; Beijing China
| | - Yong Cui
- Number 1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University; Hefei China
| | - Xia Liu
- Peking University People's Hospital; Beijing China
| | - Fanlei Hu
- Peking University People's Hospital; Beijing China
| | - Yue Yang
- Peking University People's Hospital; Beijing China
| | - Xinyu Wu
- Peking University People's Hospital; Beijing China
| | - Xu Liu
- Peking University People's Hospital; Beijing China
| | - Xiaoxu Ma
- Peking University People's Hospital; Beijing China
| | - Xianbo Zuo
- Number 1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University; Hefei China
| | - Yujun Sheng
- Number 1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University; Hefei China
| | | | - Jianhua Xu
- Number 1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University; Hefei China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Xijing Hospital of Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
| | - Lingyun Sun
- Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School; Nanjing China
| | - Nan Hong
- Peking University People's Hospital; Beijing China
| | - Xuejun Zhang
- Number 1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University; Hefei China
| | - Jianping Guo
- Peking University People's Hospital; Beijing China
| | - Zhanguo Li
- Peking University People's Hospital; Beijing China
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17
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Braum O, Klages M, Fickenscher H. The cationic cytokine IL-26 differentially modulates virus infection in culture. PLoS One 2013; 8:e70281. [PMID: 23875025 PMCID: PMC3707906 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-26 (IL-26) belongs to the IL-10 cytokine family, is produced by activated T cells, and targets epithelial target cells for signal transduction. Here, we describe the IL-26 effects on the infection of culture cells with recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) expressing green fluorescent protein. After pre-incubation with recombinant IL-26 and at low multiplicity of infection, VSV showed strongly enhanced infection and replication rates as measured for infectivity, for transcript levels, and for protein expression. Control proteins did not affect VSV infection. The IL-26 effect was independent of the IL-26 receptor and neutralized by anti-IL-26 serum. Pre-incubation of VSV was much more efficient than pre-incubation of the target cells to enhance virus infection. IL-26 increased virus adsorption to target cells as shown by quantitative reverse-transcription PCR. In contrast, the infection of IL-26-treated human fibroblasts with HCMV was inhibited and the infection by HSV-1 was not altered by IL-26. Thus, IL-26 differentially modulates the infection by different enveloped viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Braum
- Institute for Infection Medicine, Christian Albrecht University of Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael Klages
- Institute for Infection Medicine, Christian Albrecht University of Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Helmut Fickenscher
- Institute for Infection Medicine, Christian Albrecht University of Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
- * E-mail:
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18
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Ung CY, Lam SH, Zhang X, Li H, Zhang L, Li B, Gong Z. Inverted expression profiles of sex-biased genes in response to toxicant perturbations and diseases. PLoS One 2013; 8:e56668. [PMID: 23457601 PMCID: PMC3573008 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2012] [Accepted: 01/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of sex factor is widely recognized in various diseases, but its molecular basis, particularly how sex-biased genes, those with sexually dimorphic expression, behave in response to toxico-pathological changes is poorly understood. In this study, zebrafish toxicogenomic data and transcriptomic data from human pathological studies were analysed for the responses of male- and female-biased genes. Our analyses revealed obvious inverted expression profiles of sex-biased genes, where affected males tended to up-regulate genes of female-biased expression and down-regulate genes of male-biased expression, and vice versa in affected females, in a broad range of toxico-pathological conditions. Intriguingly, the extent of these inverted profiles correlated well to the susceptibility or severity of a given toxico-pathological state, suggesting that inverted expression profiles of sex-biased genes observed in this study can be used as important indicators to assess biological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choong Yong Ung
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore
- Bioinformatics Programme, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- * E-mail: (CYU); (ZG)
| | - Siew Hong Lam
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore
| | - Xun Zhang
- Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore
- Department of Physics and Centre for Computational Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore
| | - Hu Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Louxin Zhang
- Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore
- Department of Mathematics, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore
| | - Baowen Li
- Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore
- Department of Physics and Centre for Computational Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore
| | - Zhiyuan Gong
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore
- Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore
- * E-mail: (CYU); (ZG)
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19
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García-Bermúdez M, López-Mejías R, González-Juanatey C, Corrales A, Robledo G, Castañeda S, Miranda-Filloy JA, Blanco R, Fernández-Gutiérrez B, Balsa A, González-Alvaro I, Gómez-Vaquero C, Llorca J, Martín J, González-Gay MA. Analysis of the interferon gamma (rs2430561, +874T/A) functional gene variant in relation to the presence of cardiovascular events in rheumatoid arthritis. PLoS One 2012; 7:e47166. [PMID: 23077565 PMCID: PMC3471910 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0047166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2012] [Accepted: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with increased cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality. Since interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) has a direct effect on inflammation, in this study we assessed the potential association of the IFNG functional gene variant rs2430561 with CV disease in patients with RA. METHODS One thousand six hundred and thirty-five patients fulfilling the 1987 American College of Rheumatology classification criteria for RA were genotyped for the IFNG (rs2430561, +874T/A) gene polymorphism using TaqMan genotyping assay. Patients were stratified according to the presence of CV events or not. Logistic regression models to explain the presence of CV disease according to the IFNG rs2430561 allele distribution were performed. The potential influence of this variant in the development of subclinical atherosclerosis was also analyzed in a subgroup of patients with no history of CV events to determine carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) (n = 286) and presence of carotid plaques. Levels of the cytokine were determined in a subgroup of patients by ELISA. RESULTS Adjusted logistic regression model disclosed that presence of the minor allele A was not associated with increased risk of suffering CV events in RA patients. Besides, differences did not achieve statistical significance regarding carotid IMT and presence of carotid plaques in RA patients carrying IFNG rs2430561 variant allele. Levels of IFN-γ were higher in patients who had suffered CV events compared to patients who did not. CONCLUSION Our results do not support a role of IFNG rs2430561 (+874T/A) functional gene variant in the development of CV disease in RA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes García-Bermúdez
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López-Neyra, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, IPBLN-C.S.I.C., Granada, Spain
| | - Raquel López-Mejías
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, IFIMAV, Santander, Spain
| | | | - Alfonso Corrales
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, IFIMAV, Santander, Spain
| | - Gema Robledo
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López-Neyra, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, IPBLN-C.S.I.C., Granada, Spain
| | - Santos Castañeda
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, IIS-Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ricardo Blanco
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, IFIMAV, Santander, Spain
| | | | - Alejandro Balsa
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Carmen Gómez-Vaquero
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, ĹHospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Llorca
- Department of Epidemiology and Computational Biology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, and CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), IFIMAV, Santander, Spain
| | - Javier Martín
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López-Neyra, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, IPBLN-C.S.I.C., Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel A. González-Gay
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, IFIMAV, Santander, Spain
- * E-mail:
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20
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Hughes T, Adler A, Merrill JT, Kelly JA, Kaufman KM, Williams A, Langefeld CD, Gilkeson GS, Sanchez E, Martin J, Boackle SA, Stevens AM, Alarcón GS, Niewold TB, Brown EE, Kimberly RP, Edberg JC, Ramsey-Goldman R, Petri M, Reveille JD, Criswell LA, Vilá LM, Jacob CO, Gaffney PM, Moser KL, Vyse TJ, Alarcón-Riquelme ME, James JA, Tsao BP, Scofield RH, Harley JB, Richardson BC, Sawalha AH. Analysis of autosomal genes reveals gene-sex interactions and higher total genetic risk in men with systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis 2012; 71:694-9. [PMID: 22110124 PMCID: PMC3324666 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2011-200385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a sexually dimorphic autoimmune disease which is more common in women, but affected men often experience a more severe disease. The genetic basis of sexual dimorphism in SLE is not clearly defined. A study was undertaken to examine sex-specific genetic effects among SLE susceptibility loci. METHODS A total of 18 autosomal genetic susceptibility loci for SLE were genotyped in a large set of patients with SLE and controls of European descent, consisting of 5932 female and 1495 male samples. Sex-specific genetic association analyses were performed. The sex-gene interaction was further validated using parametric and non-parametric methods. Aggregate differences in sex-specific genetic risk were examined by calculating a cumulative genetic risk score for SLE in each individual and comparing the average genetic risk between male and female patients. RESULTS A significantly higher cumulative genetic risk for SLE was observed in men than in women. (P=4.52x10-8) A significant sex-gene interaction was seen primarily in the human leucocyte antigen (HLA) region but also in IRF5, whereby men with SLE possess a significantly higher frequency of risk alleles than women. The genetic effect observed in KIAA1542 is specific to women with SLE and does not seem to have a role in men. CONCLUSIONS The data indicate that men require a higher cumulative genetic load than women to develop SLE. These observations suggest that sex bias in autoimmunity could be influenced by autosomal genetic susceptibility loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis Hughes
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Adam Adler
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Joan T Merrill
- Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
- Clinical Pharmacology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Jennifer A Kelly
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Kenneth M Kaufman
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
- US Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Adrienne Williams
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Carl D Langefeld
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Gary S Gilkeson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Elena Sanchez
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Javier Martin
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López-Neyra, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain
| | - Susan A Boackle
- Division of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Anne M Stevens
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Timothy B Niewold
- Section of Rheumatology and Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Elizabeth E Brown
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Robert P Kimberly
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Edberg
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | | | - Michelle Petri
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - John D Reveille
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas-Houston Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Lindsey A Criswell
- Rosalind Russell Medical Research Center for Arthritis, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Luis M Vilá
- Department of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA
| | - Chaim O Jacob
- Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Patrick M Gaffney
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Kathy L Moser
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Timothy J Vyse
- Divisions of Genetics and Molecular Medicine and Immunology, Infection and Inflammatory Disease, King’s College London, Guy’s Hospital, London, UK
| | - Marta E Alarcón-Riquelme
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
- Center for Genomics and Oncological Research Pfizer-University of Granada-Junta de Andalucia, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Judith A James
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Betty P Tsao
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - R Hal Scofield
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
- US Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - John B Harley
- Rheumatology Division and Autoimmune Genomics Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- US Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Bruce C Richardson
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- US Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Amr H Sawalha
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
- US Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
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21
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Th17 cell cytokine secretion profile in host defense and autoimmunity. Inflamm Res 2011; 61:87-96. [DOI: 10.1007/s00011-011-0419-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2011] [Revised: 11/10/2011] [Accepted: 12/10/2011] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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22
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Schurgers E, Billiau A, Matthys P. Collagen-induced arthritis as an animal model for rheumatoid arthritis: focus on interferon-γ. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2011; 31:917-26. [PMID: 21905879 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2011.0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), an autoimmune disease causing inflammation, destruction, and deformity of the joints, affects around 1% of the world population. It is a systemic disease as patients exhibit extra-articular manifestations as well. Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in DBA/1 mice is one of the many animal models used to study possible pathogenic mechanisms of RA. It involves immunizing mice with collagen type II in complete Freund's adjuvant. Here we briefly review the general characteristics of RA and CIA and present an overview of data obtained by studying CIA in several gene knockout mice. In particular, detailed analysis of CIA in interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) receptor-deficient mice has pin-pointed IFN-γ as an important cytokine in the pathogenesis and has exposed new functions of IFN-γ in immunological processes. Pilot trials with exogenous IFN-γ in RA have been indicative of a beneficial effect. That improvement of the disease symptoms by IFN-γ treatment was not spectacular may be explained by the fact that RA is a heterogeneous disease in which the severity of the autoimmune disease is strongly determined by environmental factors.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Arthritis, Experimental/genetics
- Arthritis, Experimental/immunology
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/immunology
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/metabolism
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/prevention & control
- Disease Models, Animal
- Humans
- Interferon-gamma/immunology
- Interferon-gamma/metabolism
- Interferon-gamma/pharmacology
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Models, Immunological
- Receptors, Interferon/deficiency
- Receptors, Interferon/genetics
- Receptors, Interferon/immunology
- Interferon gamma Receptor
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelien Schurgers
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Rega Institute, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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23
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Akdis M, Burgler S, Crameri R, Eiwegger T, Fujita H, Gomez E, Klunker S, Meyer N, O'Mahony L, Palomares O, Rhyner C, Ouaked N, Quaked N, Schaffartzik A, Van De Veen W, Zeller S, Zimmermann M, Akdis CA. Interleukins, from 1 to 37, and interferon-γ: receptors, functions, and roles in diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011; 127:701-21.e1-70. [PMID: 21377040 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2010.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 518] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2010] [Revised: 11/11/2010] [Accepted: 11/12/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Advancing our understanding of mechanisms of immune regulation in allergy, asthma, autoimmune diseases, tumor development, organ transplantation, and chronic infections could lead to effective and targeted therapies. Subsets of immune and inflammatory cells interact via ILs and IFNs; reciprocal regulation and counter balance among T(h) and regulatory T cells, as well as subsets of B cells, offer opportunities for immune interventions. Here, we review current knowledge about ILs 1 to 37 and IFN-γ. Our understanding of the effects of ILs has greatly increased since the discoveries of monocyte IL (called IL-1) and lymphocyte IL (called IL-2); more than 40 cytokines are now designated as ILs. Studies of transgenic or knockout mice with altered expression of these cytokines or their receptors and analyses of mutations and polymorphisms in human genes that encode these products have provided important information about IL and IFN functions. We discuss their signaling pathways, cellular sources, targets, roles in immune regulation and cellular networks, roles in allergy and asthma, and roles in defense against infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mübeccel Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research, University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland.
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24
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Donnelly RP, Sheikh F, Dickensheets H, Savan R, Young HA, Walter MR. Interleukin-26: an IL-10-related cytokine produced by Th17 cells. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2010; 21:393-401. [PMID: 20947410 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2010.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
IL-26 is classified as a member of the IL-10 cytokine family because it has limited sequence homology to IL-10 and the IL-10-related cytokines. The human IL-26 gene, IL26, is located on chromosome 12q15 between the genes for two other important class-2 cytokines, IFNG (IFN-γ) and IL22 (IL-22). IL-26 is often co-expressed with IL-22 by activated T cells, especially Th17 cells. It signals through a heterodimeric receptor complex composed of the IL-20R1 and IL-10R2 chains. IL-26 receptors are primarily expressed on non-hematopoietic cell types, particularly epithelial cells. Signaling through IL-26 receptor complexes results in the activation of STAT1 and STAT3 with subsequent induction of IL-26-responsive genes. The biological functions of IL-26 have only begun to be defined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond P Donnelly
- Division of Therapeutic Proteins, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Trivella DBB, Ferreira-Júnior JR, Dumoutier L, Renauld JC, Polikarpov I. Structure and function of interleukin-22 and other members of the interleukin-10 family. Cell Mol Life Sci 2010; 67:2909-35. [PMID: 20454917 PMCID: PMC11115847 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-010-0380-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2009] [Revised: 04/19/2010] [Accepted: 04/20/2010] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The IL-10 family of cytokines is comprised of IL-10, IL-19, IL-20, IL-22, IL-24, IL-26, and IFN-lambdas (IL-28A, IL-28B, and IL-29). The IL-10 family members bind to shared class II cytokine receptor chains that associate in various combinations in heterodimeric complexes. Upon interleukin/receptor complex formation, these proteins switch on the Jak/STAT pathway and elicit pleiotropic biological responses whose variety sharply contrasts with their structural similarities. IL-10 family members are involved in several human diseases and health conditions and hence their structural analyses may provide valuable information to design specific therapeutic strategies. In this review, we describe the human interleukin-10 family of cytokines, focusing on their structures and functions, with particular attention given to IL-22 and IL-10. We report on the recently published structures of IL-10 cytokine family members and their complexes with cognate transmembrane and soluble receptors as well as on interleukin physiology and physiopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Barretto Barbosa Trivella
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense 400, São Carlos, SP CEP 13566-590 Brazil
| | - José Ribamar Ferreira-Júnior
- Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Arlindo Béttio, 1000, Ermelino Matarazzo, São Paulo, SP CEP 03828-000 Brazil
| | - Laure Dumoutier
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels Branch, Brussels, Belgium
- Experimental Medicine Unit, Christian de Duve Institute, Universite’ Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Christophe Renauld
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels Branch, Brussels, Belgium
- Experimental Medicine Unit, Christian de Duve Institute, Universite’ Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Igor Polikarpov
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense 400, São Carlos, SP CEP 13566-590 Brazil
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Mank JE, Nam K, Brunström B, Ellegren H. Ontogenetic complexity of sexual dimorphism and sex-specific selection. Mol Biol Evol 2010; 27:1570-8. [PMID: 20142440 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msq042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sex-biased gene expression is becoming an increasingly important way to study sexual selection at the molecular genetic level. However, little is known about the timing, persistence, and continuity of gene expression required in the creation of distinct male and female phenotypes, and even less about how sex-specific selection pressures shift over the life cycle. Here, we present a time-series global transcription profile for autosomal genes in male and female chicken, beginning with embryonic development and spanning to reproductive maturity, for the gonad. Overall, the amount and magnitude of sex-biased expression increased as a function of age, though sex-biased gene expression was surprisingly ephemeral, with very few genes exhibiting continuous sex bias in both embryonic and adult tissues. Despite a large predicted role of the sex chromosomes in sexual dimorphism, our study indicates that the autosomes house the majority of genes with sex-biased expression. Most interestingly, sex-specific evolutionary pressures shifted over the course of the life cycle, acting equally strongly on female-biased genes and male-biased genes but at different ages. Female-biased genes exhibited high rates of divergence late in embryonic development, shortly before arrested meiosis halts oogenesis. The level of divergence on female-biased late embryonic genes is similar to that seen in male-biased genes expressed in adult gonads, which correlates with the onset of spermatogenesis. These analyses reveal that sex-specific selection pressure varies over the life cycle as a function of male and female biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith E Mank
- Department of Zoology, Edward Grey Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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The unique genomic properties of sex-biased genes: insights from avian microarray data. BMC Genomics 2008; 9:148. [PMID: 18377635 PMCID: PMC2294128 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-9-148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2007] [Accepted: 03/31/2008] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In order to develop a framework for the analysis of sex-biased genes, we present a characterization of microarray data comparing male and female gene expression in 18 day chicken embryos for brain, gonad, and heart tissue. Results From the 15982 significantly expressed coding regions that have been assigned to either the autosomes or the Z chromosome (12979 in brain, 13301 in gonad, and 12372 in heart), roughly 18% were significantly sex-biased in any one tissue, though only 4 gene targets were biased in all tissues. The gonad was the most sex-biased tissue, followed by the brain. Sex-biased autosomal genes tended to be expressed at lower levels and in fewer tissues than unbiased gene targets, and autosomal somatic sex-biased genes had more expression noise than similar unbiased genes. Sex-biased genes linked to the Z-chromosome showed reduced expression in females, but not in males, when compared to unbiased Z-linked genes, and sex-biased Z-linked genes were also expressed in fewer tissues than unbiased Z coding regions. Third position GC content, and codon usage bias showed some sex-biased effects, primarily for autosomal genes expressed in the gonad. Finally, there were several over-represented Gene Ontology terms in the sex-biased gene sets. Conclusion On the whole, this analysis suggests that sex-biased genes have unique genomic and organismal properties that delineate them from genes that are expressed equally in males and females.
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Abbott W, Gane E, Winship I, Munn S, Tukuitonga C. Polymorphism in intron 1 of the interferon-gamma gene influences both serum immunoglobulin E levels and the risk for chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Polynesians. Immunogenetics 2007; 59:187-95. [PMID: 17211638 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-006-0184-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2006] [Accepted: 11/21/2006] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Intron 1 of the interferon-gamma (IFNG) gene contains two polymorphisms. The 12 CA-repeat allele of the +875 IFNGCA microsatellite and the T allele of the +A874T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) have been associated with increased in vitro IFNG production and a variety of clinical phenotypes. The purpose of this study was to determine whether these polymorphisms influence total serum IgE levels [tsIgE] and the outcome of a hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. IFNGCA and +A874T were typed in 186 asthmatics of Niuean ancestry and in Polynesian women with a chronic HBV infection (n = 60) and with natural immunity to the HBV (n = 66). The IFNGCA genotype was associated with [tsIgE] in asthmatic children (n = 51, p = 0.004) but not adults (n = 135, p = 0.87). The data were consistent with a co-dominant influence of the 12 CA-repeat allele on high [tsIgE]. The IFNGCA genotype was also associated with the risk for chronic HBV infection (chi (2) = 11.6, p = 0.003) because of a dominant effect of the 12 CA-repeat allele on developing natural immunity in homozygotes (OR = 5.8, p = 0.003) and heterozygotes (OR = 2.7, p = 0.01). Similar associations were found for the T allele of the +A874T SNP. The possibility that these associations were due to linked alleles in the adjacent 783 bp of the promoter and 3'-untranslated region of the IFNG gene was excluded by direct sequencing. In summary, high-IFNG-producing alleles in intron 1 of the IFNG locus are associated with high [tsIgE] in asthmatic children from Niue and with natural immunity to the HBV in Polynesian women. These findings are consistent with a previous report of an association between +875 IFNGCA and [tsIgE] and provide preliminary evidence of a new association with the outcome of an HBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Abbott
- New Zealand Liver Transplant Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Private Bag 92-024, Auckland, New Zealand.
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29
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Kinne RW, Stuhlmüller B, Burmester GR. Cells of the synovium in rheumatoid arthritis. Macrophages. Arthritis Res Ther 2007; 9:224. [PMID: 18177511 PMCID: PMC2246244 DOI: 10.1186/ar2333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The multitude and abundance of macrophage-derived mediators in rheumatoid arthritis and their paracrine/autocrine effects identify macrophages as local and systemic amplifiers of disease. Although uncovering the etiology of rheumatoid arthritis remains the ultimate means to silence the pathogenetic process, efforts in understanding how activated macrophages influence disease have led to optimization strategies to selectively target macrophages by agents tailored to specific features of macrophage activation. This approach has two advantages: (a) striking the cell population that mediates/amplifies most of the irreversible tissue destruction and (b) sparing other cells that have no (or only marginal) effects on joint damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raimund W Kinne
- Experimental Rheumatology Unit, Department of Orthopedics, University Clinic, Jena, Klosterlausnitzer Str. 81, D-07607 Eisenberg, Germany
| | - Bruno Stuhlmüller
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité University Hospital, Humboldt University of Berlin, Tucholskystr. 2, D-10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gerd-R Burmester
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité University Hospital, Humboldt University of Berlin, Tucholskystr. 2, D-10117 Berlin, Germany
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Suppiah V, Rooney M, Vandenbroeck K. Polymorphisms in the interleukin-4 and IL-4 receptor genes modify risk for chronic inflammatory arthropathies in women. Exp Mol Pathol 2006; 81:239-44. [PMID: 16551465 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2006.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2006] [Accepted: 02/01/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (RA, JIA) are chronic inflammatory arthropathies with polygenic autoimmune background. We analysed the IL-4 +33 C/T and IL-4R Q551R single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 294 RA, 72 JIA and 165 controls from Northern Ireland. Analysis of the individual phenotypes (RA or JIA) showed that both the IL-4 +33 TT (P = 0.02; OR: 0.25, 95% CI: 0.07-0.87) and the IL-4R Q551R CC genotypes (P = 0.001; OR: 0.19, 95% CI: 0.06-0.56) were exclusively decreased in female RA patients compared to female controls. Similar non-significant trends were observed in female JIA patients (OR: 0.25, 95% CI: 0.03-2.11 and OR: 0.31, 95% CI: 0.07-1.47, respectively). Analysis of the common phenotype (inflammatory arthropathy; i.e. JIA and RA combined) corroborated the unique association of these polymorphisms with female inflammatory arthropathy (P = 0.013 and 0.002, respectively). This is the first demonstration of sex-specific association of the two foremost genes of the IL-4 signalling cascade with chronic inflammatory arthropathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Suppiah
- Applied Genomics Research Group, McClay Research Centre, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The cause of multiple sclerosis remains elusive. We review recent epidemiological studies of genetic and environmental factors that influence susceptibility to the disease and its clinical course. RECENT FINDINGS Genetic advances strengthen the association of multiple sclerosis with the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DRB1 allele and interferon-gamma polymorphisms and suggest that apolipoprotein E alleles play an important role. In the environmental realm, nested case-control studies show that prior Epstein-Barr virus exposure is overrepresented in multiple sclerosis. Smoking has been associated with both risk of multiple sclerosis and progressive disease. Vitamin D deficiency might tie together environmental clues with higher multiple sclerosis prevalence rates; dietary vitamin supplementation is also associated with reduced multiple sclerosis risk. Natural history studies demonstrated dissociation between relapses and disease progression, facilitated the ability to distinguish neuromyelitis optica and related syndromes from typical multiple sclerosis, and spawned the exploration of large datasets to model long-term disease activity. SUMMARY Our understanding of the contributions of specific genetic and environmental factors that contribute to multiple sclerosis has improved. Further refinements will eventually allow powerful longitudinal studies to assess genetic and environmental interactions with implications for prediction of individual disease susceptibility, clinical course, and response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orhun Kantarci
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
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Rabinovich E, Livneh A, Langevitz P, Brezniak N, Shinar E, Pras M, Shinar Y. Severe disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis carrying a mutation in the Mediterranean fever gene. Ann Rheum Dis 2005; 64:1009-14. [PMID: 15958759 PMCID: PMC1755576 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2004.029447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pyrin is a newly recognised intracellular regulator of inflammation, and mutations in MEFV, the gene encoding pyrin, are the cause of familial Mediterranean fever. OBJECTIVE To determine if known mutations of MEFV are associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) morbidity or can modify RA severity. METHODS The frequency of the three most common MEFV mutations: M694V, V726A, and E148Q, was determined in 98 Israeli patients with RA (74 women, 24 men) and compared with that in 100 healthy subjects matched for origin. RA severity was determined using a new clinical score of 126 grades. The median severity score of mutation carrier and non-carrier groups was compared after confounding measures were eliminated by logistic regression. RESULTS 17/98 (17%) patients with RA (all women) were heterozygous for common MEFV mutations, predominantly E148Q (12 patients), and one patient was homozygous for the V726A mutation. The overall mutation rate was comparable between patients with RA and healthy subjects. Patients carrying a mutation had a higher median severity score than the non-carrier group (42 v 29, p = 0.0005). The logistic regression model assigned a 15-fold odds ratio for severe RA in carriers, after adjusting for sex, presence of rheumatoid factor, age at onset, and disease duration (n = 97, p = 0.01, 95% CI 1.74 to 128). CONCLUSION MEFV, and particularly the E148Q mutation, is an independent modifier of the clinical manifestations of RA. This is the second Th1-type autoimmune disease in which MEFV mutations have been shown to aggravate the clinical status.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Rabinovich
- Heller Institute of Medical Research, Sheba Medical Centre, Tel Hashomer 52621, Israel
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Lai HC, Chang CC, Lin YW, Chen SF, Yu MH, Nieh S, Chu TW, Chu TY. Genetic polymorphism of the interferon-gamma gene in cervical carcinogenesis. Int J Cancer 2005; 113:712-8. [PMID: 15499631 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.20637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Beyond human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, host genetic factors may contribute to cervical carcinogenesis. This study aims to test the hypothesis that CA-dinucleotide repeat polymorphism in the first intron of the interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) gene is associated with HPV-initiated cervical carcinogenesis. A hospital-based case-control study including patients with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSILs; n = 93), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs; n = 123) and invasive carcinomas (n = 153) of the uterine cervix, as well as 1:1 age-matched controls, was conducted. The IFN-gamma genotype was determined by PCR and capillary electrophoresis with internal standards. HPV genotype was determined by consensus PCR and reverse line blot hybridization. Genotypes containing the 12 or 14 allele (12 or 14 CA repeats) were significantly more common in patients with HSILs than in controls (46% vs. 22%; OR = 3.0; 95% CI = 1.7-5.2; p < 0.0001). In contrast, genotypes containing 13 and 18 were significantly more common in controls than in patients with HSILs (76% vs. 53%; OR = 0.3; 95% CI = 0.2-0.6; p = 0.0001) or squamous cell carcinomas (74% vs. 63%; OR = 0.6; 95% CI = 0.4-1.0; p = 0.037). The frequency of the 12 and 14 genotypes increased significantly in accordance with the severity of cervical carcinogenesis (p(test for trend) = 0.0002), whereas the 13 and 18 genotypes showed the opposite trend (p(test for trend) = 0.007). Comparing IFN-gamma genotype and HPV status, 18-containing genotypes were more frequently found in HPV(+) LSILs, and 12-containing genotypes were less frequently found in HPV(+) HSILs. Compared with non-13 genotypes, 13 genotype HSILs were more frequently infected with HPV58 (70% vs. 45%) and less frequently infected with HPV18 (0% vs. 16%; p= 0.007). Genetic polymorphism of the IFN-gamma gene is associated with individual susceptibility to cervical carcinogenesis. This polymorphism correlates with HPV infection in a disease- and type-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Cheng Lai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Kantarci OH, Goris A, Hebrink DD, Heggarty S, Cunningham S, Alloza I, Atkinson EJ, de Andrade M, McMurray CT, Graham CA, Hawkins SA, Billiau A, Dubois B, Weinshenker BG, Vandenbroeck K. IFNG polymorphisms are associated with gender differences in susceptibility to multiple sclerosis. Genes Immun 2005; 6:153-61. [PMID: 15674394 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gene.6364164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Interferon-gamma (IFNgamma) treatment is deleterious in multiple sclerosis (MS). MS occurs twice as frequently in women as in men. IFNgamma expression varies by gender. We studied a population-based sample of US MS patients and ethnicity-matched controls and independent Northern Irish and Belgian hospital-based patients and controls for association with MS, stratified by gender, of an intron 1 microsatellite [I1(761)*CAn], a single nucleotide polymorphism 3' of IFNG [3'(325)*G --> A] and three flanking microsatellite markers spanning a 118 kb region around IFNG. Men carriers of the 3'(325)*A allele have increased susceptibility to MS compared to noncarriers in the USA (P=0.044; OR: 2.58, 95% CI: 0.97-8.08) and Northern Ireland (P=0.019; OR: 2.37, 95% CI: 1.10-5.13). There is a nonsignificant trend in the same direction in Belgian men (P=0.299; OR: 1.50, 95% CI: 0.71-3.26). Men carriers of I1(761)*CA13, which is in strong linkage disequilibrium with the 3'(325)*A, have increased susceptibility (P=0.050; OR: 2.22, 95% CI: 0.98-5.40), while men carriers of I1(761)*CA12 have decreased susceptibility (P=0.022; OR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.23-0.90) to MS in the USA. Similar associations were reported in Sardinia between the I1(761)*CA12 allele and reduced risk of MS in men. Flanking markers were not associated with MS susceptibility. Polymorphisms of IFNG may contribute to differences in susceptibility to MS between men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- O H Kantarci
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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