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Shen J, Li F, Han X, Fu D, Xu Y, Zhu C, Liang Z, Tang Z, Zheng R, Hu X, Lin R, Pei Q, Nie J, Luo N, Li X, Chen W, Mao H, Zhou Y, Yu X. Gasdermin D deficiency aborts myeloid calcium influx to drive granulopoiesis in lupus nephritis. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:308. [PMID: 38831451 PMCID: PMC11149269 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01681-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Gasdermin D (GSDMD) is emerging as an important player in autoimmune diseases, but its exact role in lupus nephritis (LN) remains controversial. Here, we identified markedly elevated GSDMD in human and mouse LN kidneys, predominantly in CD11b+ myeloid cells. Global or myeloid-conditional deletion of GSDMD was shown to exacerbate systemic autoimmunity and renal injury in lupus mice with both chronic graft-versus-host (cGVH) disease and nephrotoxic serum (NTS) nephritis. Interestingly, RNA sequencing and flow cytometry revealed that myeloid GSDMD deficiency enhanced granulopoiesis at the hematopoietic sites in LN mice, exhibiting remarkable enrichment of neutrophil-related genes, significant increases in total and immature neutrophils as well as granulocyte/macrophage progenitors (GMPs). GSDMD-deficient GMPs and all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA)-stimulated human promyelocytes NB4 were further demonstrated to possess enhanced clonogenic and differentiation abilities compared with controls. Mechanistically, GSDMD knockdown promoted self-renewal and granulocyte differentiation by restricting calcium influx, contributing to granulopoiesis. Functionally, GSDMD deficiency led to increased pathogenic neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in lupus peripheral blood and bone marrow-derived neutrophils. Taken together, our data establish that GSDMD deletion accelerates LN development by promoting granulopoiesis in a calcium influx-regulated manner, unraveling its unrecognized critical role in LN pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiani Shen
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu Han
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongying Fu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiping Xu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changjian Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhou Liang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziwen Tang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruilin Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinrong Hu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruoni Lin
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiaoqiao Pei
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Nie
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning Luo
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiping Mao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xueqing Yu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory on Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
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Carmona-Rivera C, Kaplan MJ. Low-density granulocytes in systemic autoimmunity and autoinflammation. Immunol Rev 2023; 314:313-325. [PMID: 36305174 PMCID: PMC10050110 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A body of evidence has re-energized the interest on the role neutrophils in inflammatory and autoimmune conditions. For decades, neutrophils have been considered a homogenous population. Nevertheless, accumulating evidence suggests that neutrophils are more versatile and heterogeneous than initially considered. The notion of neutrophil heterogeneity has been supported by the identification of low-density granulocytes (LDGs) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and other systemic autoimmune and autoinflammatory conditions. Transcriptomic, epigenetic, proteomic, and functional analyses support that LDGs are a distinct subset of proinflammatory neutrophils implicated in the pathogenesis of SLE and other autoimmune diseases. Importantly, it remains incompletely characterized whether LDGs detected in other inflammatory/autoimmune conditions display the same phenotype that those present in SLE. A shared feature of LDGs across diseases is their association with vascular damage, an important contributor to morbidity and mortality in chronic inflammatory conditions. Additionally, the lack of specific markers to identify LDGs in circulation or in tissue, makes it a challenge to elucidate their role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory and autoimmune conditions. In this review, we aim to examine the evidence on the biology and the putative pathogenic role of LDGs in systemic autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmelo Carmona-Rivera
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mariana J. Kaplan
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Ochando J, Mulder WJM, Madsen JC, Netea MG, Duivenvoorden R. Trained immunity - basic concepts and contributions to immunopathology. Nat Rev Nephrol 2023; 19:23-37. [PMID: 36253509 PMCID: PMC9575643 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-022-00633-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Trained immunity is a functional state of the innate immune response and is characterized by long-term epigenetic reprogramming of innate immune cells. This concept originated in the field of infectious diseases - training of innate immune cells, such as monocytes, macrophages and/or natural killer cells, by infection or vaccination enhances immune responses against microbial pathogens after restimulation. Although initially reported in circulating monocytes and tissue macrophages (termed peripheral trained immunity), subsequent findings indicate that immune progenitor cells in the bone marrow can also be trained (that is, central trained immunity), which explains the long-term innate immunity-mediated protective effects of vaccination against heterologous infections. Although trained immunity is beneficial against infections, its inappropriate induction by endogenous stimuli can also lead to aberrant inflammation. For example, in systemic lupus erythematosus and systemic sclerosis, trained immunity might contribute to inflammatory activity, which promotes disease progression. In organ transplantation, trained immunity has been associated with acute rejection and suppression of trained immunity prolonged allograft survival. This novel concept provides a better understanding of the involvement of the innate immune response in different pathological conditions, and provides a new framework for the development of therapies and treatment strategies that target epigenetic and metabolic pathways of the innate immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Ochando
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. .,Transplant Immunology Unit, National Center of Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Willem J. M. Mulder
- grid.6852.90000 0004 0398 8763Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands ,grid.59734.3c0000 0001 0670 2351Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Joren C. Madsen
- grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Center for Transplantation Sciences, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA ,grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Mihai G. Netea
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands ,grid.10388.320000 0001 2240 3300Department for Genomics & Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Raphaël Duivenvoorden
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. .,Department of Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Sim TM, Mak A, Tay SH. Insights into the role of neutrophils in neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus: Current understanding and future directions. Front Immunol 2022; 13:957303. [PMID: 36016935 PMCID: PMC9396336 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.957303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) involvement of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), termed neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE), is a major and debilitating manifestation of the disease. While patients with SLE mostly complain of common neuropsychological symptoms such headache and mild mood disorders that may not even be technically attributed to SLE, many SLE patients present with life-threatening NPSLE syndromes such as cerebrovascular disease, seizures and psychosis that are equally challenging in terms of early diagnosis and therapy. While we are just beginning to unravel some mysteries behind the immunologic basis of NPSLE, advancements in the mechanistic understanding of the complex pathogenic processes of NPSLE have been emerging through recent murine and human studies. The pathogenic pathways implicated in NPSLE are multifarious and various immune effectors such as cell-mediated inflammation, autoantibodies and cytokines including type I interferons have been found to act in concert with the disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and other neurovascular interfaces. Beyond antimicrobial functions, neutrophils are emerging as decision-shapers during innate and adaptive immune responses. Activated neutrophils have been recognized to be involved in ischemic and infective processes in the CNS by releasing neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), matrix metalloproteinase-9 and proinflammatory cytokines. In the context of NPSLE, these mechanisms contribute to BBB disruption, neuroinflammation and externalization of modified proteins on NETs that serve as autoantigens. Neutrophils that sediment within the peripheral blood mononuclear cell fraction after density centrifugation of blood are generally defined as low-density neutrophils (LDNs) or low-density granulocytes. LDNs are a proinflammatory subset of neutrophils that are increased with SLE disease activity and are primed to undergo NETosis and release cytokines such as interferon-α and tumor necrosis factor. This review discusses the immunopathogenesis of NPSLE with a focus on neutrophils as a core mediator of the disease and potential target for translational research in NPSLE.
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Alarcón-Riquelme ME. Transcriptome Studies in Lupus Nephritis. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2022; 70:15. [PMID: 35469108 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-022-00651-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The present review is aimed at describing the main works that have used gene expression to analyze tissue kidney samples of lupus nephritis patients. Most studies used the gene expression arrays, which enormously advanced our knowledge on the possible mechanisms behind lupus nephritis. However, using bulk gene expression platforms, either as arrays, or as sequencing of RNA is not enough to go into detail of the cells and their molecular patterns and single cell mechanisms of disease. More recently, the first single cell RNA Sequencing study was published and this will also be discussed in the context of lupus nephritis. Single cell RNA sequencing allows to retrieve the genes expressed in each cell in the tissue of interest or in blood. In this context, the results of such studies give us a first glimpse of how a lupus nephritis kidney looks like, but much is still to be done to understand the changes that occur with treatment or with the different pathological subtypes of lupus nephritis and their cellular content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta E Alarcón-Riquelme
- GENYO. Center for Genomics and Oncological Research. Pfizer / University of Granada / Andalusian Regional Government, Av de la Ilustración 114, 18016, Granada, Spain. .,Institute for Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
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6
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Li C, Zhao H, Cheng L, Wang B. Allogeneic vs. autologous mesenchymal stem/stromal cells in their medication practice. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:187. [PMID: 34727974 PMCID: PMC8561357 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00698-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC)-based therapeutics is already available for treatment of a range of diseases or medical conditions. Autologous or allogeneic MSCs obtained from self or donors have their own advantages and disadvantages in their medical practice. Therapeutic benefits of using autologous vs. allogeneic MSCs are inconclusive. Transplanted MSCs within the body interact with their physical microenvironment or niche, physiologically or pathologically, and such cells in a newly established tissue microenvironment may be impacted by the pathological harmful environmental factors to alter their unique biological behaviors. Meanwhile, a temporary microenvironment/niche may be also altered by the resident or niche-surrounding MSCs. Therefore, the functional plasticity and heterogeneity of MSCs caused by different donors and subpopulations of MSCs may result in potential uncertainty in their safe and efficacious medical practice. Acknowledging a connection between MSCs' biology and their existing microenvironment, donor-controlled clinical practice for the long-term therapeutic benefit is suggested to further consider minimizing MSCs potential harm for MSC-based individual therapies. In this review, we summarize the advantages and disadvantages of autologous vs. allogeneic MSCs in their therapeutic applications. Among other issues, we highlight the importance of better understanding of the various microenvironments that may affect the properties of niche-surrounding MSCs and discuss the clinical applications of MSCs within different contexts for treatment of different diseases including cardiomyopathy, lupus and lupus nephritis, diabetes and diabetic complications, bone and cartilage repair, cancer and tissue fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghai Li
- Stem Cell Program of Clinical Research Center, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, China.
| | - Hua Zhao
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Linna Cheng
- Institute of Hematology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, China.
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Martin KR, Wong HL, Witko-Sarsat V, Wicks IP. G-CSF - A double edge sword in neutrophil mediated immunity. Semin Immunol 2021; 54:101516. [PMID: 34728120 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2021.101516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils are vital for the innate immune system's control of pathogens and neutrophil deficiency can render the host susceptible to life-threatening infections. Neutrophil responses must also be tightly regulated because excessive production, recruitment or activation of neutrophils can cause tissue damage in both acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a key regulator of neutrophil biology, from production, differentiation, and release of neutrophil precursors in the bone marrow (BM) to modulating the function of mature neutrophils outside of the BM, particularly at sites of inflammation. G-CSF acts by binding to its cognate cell surface receptor on target cells, causing the activation of intracellular signalling pathways mediating the proliferation, differentiation, function, and survival of cells in the neutrophil lineage. Studies in humans and mice demonstrate that G-CSF contributes to protecting the host against infection, but conversely, it can play a deleterious role in inflammatory diseases. As such, neutrophils and the G-CSF pathway may provide novel therapeutic targets. This review will focus on understanding the role G-CSF plays in the balance between effective neutrophil mediated host defence versus neutrophil-mediated inflammation and tissue damage in various inflammatory and infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine R Martin
- WEHI, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Huon L Wong
- WEHI, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | | | - Ian P Wicks
- WEHI, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
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Ramezankhani R, Minaei N, Haddadi M, Solhi R, Taleahmad S. The impact of sex on susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis; a bioinformatics point of view. Cell Signal 2021; 88:110171. [PMID: 34662716 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The unknown etiology of systemic autoimmune diseases, such as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), with a remarkable predominance of female, have prompted many researchers for unveiling the precise molecular mechanisms involved in this gender bias. In fact, depending on hormones and transcribed genes from sex chromosomes, at least, the initial mechanisms involved in pathogenesis might differ largely. With the aim of elucidating the above mechanisms, we have tried to specify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) extracted from microarray libraries from both female and male SLE and RA patients. Subsequently, the androgen and estrogen receptor elements (ARE and ERE) among differentially expressed transcription factors (TFs) and the DEGs located on X or Y chromosomes have been determined. Moreover, the pathways regarding the common DEGs in both sexes are enriched. Our data revealed several ARE and ERE-containing genes (LCN2, LTF, RPL31, RPL9, RPS17, RPS24, RPS27L, S100A8, ABCA1, HIST1H2BD, ISG15, MAFB, GNLY, EVL, and HDC) to be associated with the related autoimmune disease and sex. Also, two DEGs (KDM5D and RPS4Y1) in SLE patients were determined to be on Y chromosome with one had been proved to be associated with autoantigens in SLE. Altogether, our data showed a number of plausible pathways in both autoimmune conditions together with the relevance of several sex-related genes in the mentioned diseases pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Ramezankhani
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Basic Science and Advanced Medical Technologies, Royan Institute, ACER, Tehran, Iran; Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; Department of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Biology and Embryology, KU Leuven Stem Cell Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Neda Minaei
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Basic Science and Advanced Medical Technologies, Royan Institute, ACER, Tehran, Iran; Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Haddadi
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roya Solhi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Taleahmad
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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Gottschalk TA, Vincent FB, Hoi AY, Hibbs ML. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor is not pathogenic in lupus nephritis. IMMUNITY INFLAMMATION AND DISEASE 2021; 9:758-770. [PMID: 33960699 PMCID: PMC8342225 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (lupus) is an autoimmune disease characterized by autoantibodies that form immune complexes with self‐antigens, which deposit in various tissues, leading to inflammation and disease. The etiology of disease is complex and still not completely elucidated. Dysregulated inflammation is an important disease feature, and the mainstay of lupus treatment still utilizes nonspecific anti‐inflammatory drugs. Granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) is a growth, survival, and activation factor for neutrophils and a mobilizer of hematopoietic stem cells, both of which underlie inflammatory responses in lupus. To determine whether G‐CSF has a causal role in lupus, we genetically deleted G‐CSF from Lyn‐deficient mice, an experimental model of lupus nephritis. Lyn−/−G‐CSF−/− mice displayed many of the inflammatory features of Lyn‐deficient mice; however, they had reduced bone marrow and tissue neutrophils, consistent with G‐CSF's role in neutrophil development. Unexpectedly, in comparison to aged Lyn‐deficient mice, matched Lyn−/−G‐CSF−/− mice maintained neutrophil hyperactivation and exhibited exacerbated numbers of effector memory T cells, augmented autoantibody titers, and worsened lupus nephritis. In humans, serum G‐CSF levels were not elevated in patients with lupus or with active renal disease. Thus, these studies suggest that G‐CSF is not pathogenic in lupus, and therefore G‐CSF blockade is an unsuitable therapeutic avenue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy A Gottschalk
- Leukocyte Signalling Laboratory, Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Fabien B Vincent
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alberta Y Hoi
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Margaret L Hibbs
- Leukocyte Signalling Laboratory, Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Cross-Talk among Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils, Immune, and Non-Immune Cells via Released Cytokines, Granule Proteins, Microvesicles, and Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation: A Novel Concept of Biology and Pathobiology for Neutrophils. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063119. [PMID: 33803773 PMCID: PMC8003289 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) are traditionally regarded as professional phagocytic and acute inflammatory cells that engulf the microbial pathogens. However, accumulating data have suggested that PMNs are multi-potential cells exhibiting many important biological functions in addition to phagocytosis. These newly found novel activities of PMN include production of different kinds of cytokines/chemokines/growth factors, release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NET)/ectosomes/exosomes and trogocytosis (membrane exchange) with neighboring cells for modulating innate, and adaptive immune responses. Besides, PMNs exhibit potential heterogeneity and plasticity in involving antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), cancer immunity, autoimmunity, inflammatory rheumatic diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. Interestingly, PMNs may also play a role in ameliorating inflammatory reaction and wound healing by a subset of PMN myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSC). Furthermore, PMNs can interact with other non-immune cells including platelets, epithelial and endothelial cells to link hemostasis, mucosal inflammation, and atherogenesis. The release of low-density granulocytes (LDG) from bone marrow initiates systemic autoimmune reaction in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In clinical application, identification of certain PMN phenotypes may become prognostic factors for severe traumatic patients. In the present review, we will discuss these newly discovered biological and pathobiological functions of the PMNs.
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Grigoriou M, Banos A, Filia A, Pavlidis P, Giannouli S, Karali V, Nikolopoulos D, Pieta A, Bertsias G, Verginis P, Mitroulis I, Boumpas DT. Transcriptome reprogramming and myeloid skewing in haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis 2019; 79:242-253. [PMID: 31780527 PMCID: PMC7025734 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-215782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) are multipotent cells giving rise to both myeloid and lymphoid cell lineages. We reasoned that the aberrancies of immune cells in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) could be traced back to HSPCs. Methods A global gene expression map of bone marrow (BM)-derived HSPCs was completed by RNA sequencing followed by pathway and enrichment analysis. The cell cycle status and apoptosis status of HSPCs were assessed by flow cytometry, while DNA damage was assessed via immunofluorescence. Results Transcriptomic analysis of Lin−Sca-1+c-Kit+ haematopoietic progenitors from diseased lupus mice demonstrated a strong myeloid signature with expanded frequencies of common myeloid progenitors (CMPs)—but not of common lymphoid progenitors—reminiscent of a ‘trained immunity’ signature. CMP profiling revealed an intense transcriptome reprogramming with suppression of granulocytic regulators indicative of a differentiation arrest with downregulation trend of major regulators such as Cebpe, Cebpd and Csf3r, and disturbed myelopoiesis. Despite the differentiation arrest, frequencies of BM neutrophils were markedly increased in diseased mice, suggesting an alternative granulopoiesis pathway. In patients with SLE with severe disease, haematopoietic progenitor cells (CD34+) demonstrated enhanced proliferation, cell differentiation and transcriptional activation of cytokines and chemokines that drive differentiation towards myelopoiesis, thus mirroring the murine data. Conclusions Aberrancies of immune cells in SLE can be traced back to the BM HSPCs. Priming of HSPCs and aberrant regulation of myelopoiesis may contribute to inflammation and risk of flare. Trial registration number 4948/19-07-2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grigoriou
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital and Joint Rheumatology Program, National and Kapodestrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Laboratory of Inflammation and Autoimmunity, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Aggelos Banos
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Autoimmunity, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Filia
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Autoimmunity, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Pavlos Pavlidis
- Institute of Computer Science, Foundation of Research and Technology Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Stavroula Giannouli
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Hippokrateion Hospital, National and Kapodestrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Vassiliki Karali
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital and Joint Rheumatology Program, National and Kapodestrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dionysis Nikolopoulos
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital and Joint Rheumatology Program, National and Kapodestrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Laboratory of Inflammation and Autoimmunity, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Antigone Pieta
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital and Joint Rheumatology Program, National and Kapodestrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - George Bertsias
- Department of Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Panayotis Verginis
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation and Tolerance, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Mitroulis
- Department of Hematology and Laboratory of Molecular Hematology, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece.,Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Center of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Dimitrios T Boumpas
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital and Joint Rheumatology Program, National and Kapodestrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece .,Laboratory of Inflammation and Autoimmunity, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Rheumatology-Clinical Immunology Unit, Medical School, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
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12
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Abstract
Autoimmune rheumatic diseases pose many problems that have, in general, already been solved in the field of cancer. The heterogeneity of each disease, the clinical similarities and differences between different autoimmune rheumatic diseases and the large number of patients that remain without a diagnosis underline the need to reclassify these diseases via new approaches. Knowledge about the molecular basis of systemic autoimmune diseases, along with the availability of bioinformatics tools capable of handling and integrating large volumes of various types of molecular data at once, offer the possibility of reclassifying these diseases. A new taxonomy could lead to the discovery of new biomarkers for patient stratification and prognosis. Most importantly, this taxonomy might enable important changes in clinical trial design to reach the expected outcomes or the design of molecularly targeted therapies. In this Review, we discuss the basis for a new molecular taxonomy for autoimmune rheumatic diseases. We highlight the evidence surrounding the idea that these diseases share molecular features related to their pathogenesis and development and discuss previous attempts to classify these diseases. We evaluate the tools available to analyse and combine different types of molecular data. Finally, we introduce PRECISESADS, a project aimed at reclassifying the systemic autoimmune diseases.
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13
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Frangou E, Vassilopoulos D, Boletis J, Boumpas DT. An emerging role of neutrophils and NETosis in chronic inflammation and fibrosis in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and ANCA-associated vasculitides (AAV): Implications for the pathogenesis and treatment. Autoimmun Rev 2019; 18:751-760. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2019.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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14
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Panousis NI, Bertsias GK, Ongen H, Gergianaki I, Tektonidou MG, Trachana M, Romano-Palumbo L, Bielser D, Howald C, Pamfil C, Fanouriakis A, Kosmara D, Repa A, Sidiropoulos P, Dermitzakis ET, Boumpas DT. Combined genetic and transcriptome analysis of patients with SLE: distinct, targetable signatures for susceptibility and severity. Ann Rheum Dis 2019; 78:1079-1089. [PMID: 31167757 PMCID: PMC6691930 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-214379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) diagnosis and treatment remain empirical and the molecular basis for its heterogeneity elusive. We explored the genomic basis for disease susceptibility and severity. Methods mRNA sequencing and genotyping in blood from 142 patients with SLE and 58 healthy volunteers. Abundances of cell types were assessed by CIBERSORT and cell-specific effects by interaction terms in linear models. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were used to train classifiers (linear discriminant analysis) of SLE versus healthy individuals in 80% of the dataset and were validated in the remaining 20% running 1000 iterations. Transcriptome/genotypes were integrated by expression-quantitative trail loci (eQTL) analysis; tissue-specific genetic causality was assessed by regulatory trait concordance (RTC). Results SLE has a ‘susceptibility signature’ present in patients in clinical remission, an ‘activity signature’ linked to genes that regulate immune cell metabolism, protein synthesis and proliferation, and a ‘severity signature’ best illustrated in active nephritis, enriched in druggable granulocyte and plasmablast/plasma–cell pathways. Patients with SLE have also perturbed mRNA splicing enriched in immune system and interferon signalling genes. A novel transcriptome index distinguished active versus inactive disease—but not low disease activity—and correlated with disease severity. DEGs discriminate SLE versus healthy individuals with median sensitivity 86% and specificity 92% suggesting a potential use in diagnostics. Combined eQTL analysis from the Genotype Tissue Expression (GTEx) project and SLE-associated genetic polymorphisms demonstrates that susceptibility variants may regulate gene expression in the blood but also in other tissues. Conclusion Specific gene networks confer susceptibility to SLE, activity and severity, and may facilitate personalised care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos I Panousis
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland.,Institute of Genetics and Genomics in Geneva (iG3), University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - George K Bertsias
- Department of Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Crete, Medical School, Heraklion, Greece.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion, Greece
| | - Halit Ongen
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland.,Institute of Genetics and Genomics in Geneva (iG3), University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Irini Gergianaki
- Department of Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Crete, Medical School, Heraklion, Greece.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion, Greece
| | - Maria G Tektonidou
- Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece.,Joint Academic Rheumatology Program, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Trachana
- First Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Immunology and Rheumatology Referral Center, Hippokration General Hospital, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Luciana Romano-Palumbo
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Deborah Bielser
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Cedric Howald
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland.,Institute of Genetics and Genomics in Geneva (iG3), University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Pamfil
- Department of Rheumatology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Antonis Fanouriakis
- 4th Department of Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Despoina Kosmara
- Department of Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Crete, Medical School, Heraklion, Greece.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion, Greece
| | - Argyro Repa
- Department of Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Crete, Medical School, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Prodromos Sidiropoulos
- Department of Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Crete, Medical School, Heraklion, Greece.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion, Greece
| | - Emmanouil T Dermitzakis
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland .,Institute of Genetics and Genomics in Geneva (iG3), University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Geneva, Switzerland.,Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios T Boumpas
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion, Greece .,Joint Academic Rheumatology Program, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece.,4th Department of Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece.,Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece.,Medical school, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
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15
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Teague HL, Varghese NJ, Tsoi LC, Dey AK, Garshick MS, Silverman JI, Baumer Y, Harrington CL, Stempinski E, Elnabawi YA, Dagur PK, Cui K, Tunc I, Seifuddin F, Joshi AA, Stansky E, Purmalek MM, Rodante JA, Keel A, Aridi TZ, Carmona-Rivera C, Sanda GE, Chen MY, Pirooznia M, McCoy JP, Gelfand JM, Zhao K, Gudjonsson JE, Playford MP, Kaplan MJ, Berger JS, Mehta NN. Neutrophil Subsets, Platelets, and Vascular Disease in Psoriasis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 4:1-14. [PMID: 30847414 PMCID: PMC6390681 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
LDGs are a subset of neutrophils that were elevated in psoriasis and associated with the severity of disease. In psoriasis, LDGs associated with noncalcified coronary plaque burden beyond cardiovascular risk factors and in vitro, induced endothelial cell damage. Compared to normal-density granulocyte neutrophils, platelet-associated biological pathways were upregulated in LDGs, suggesting enhanced platelet adherence to the LDG surface. LDGs co-localized with platelets in circulation, and the LDG-platelet interaction associated more strongly with non-calcified coronary burden by coronary CTA compared to LDGs alone.
Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease associated with increased cardiovascular risk and serves as a reliable model to study inflammatory atherogenesis. Because neutrophils are implicated in atherosclerosis development, this study reports that the interaction among low-density granulocytes, a subset of neutrophils, and platelets is associated with a noncalcified coronary plaque burden assessed by coronary computed tomography angiography. Because early atherosclerotic noncalcified burden can lead to fatal myocardial infarction, the low-density granulocyte−platelet interaction may play a crucial target for clinical intervention.
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Key Words
- CCTA, coronary computed tomography angiography
- CVD, cardiovascular disease
- FDR, false discovery rate
- HAoEC, human aortic endothelial cell
- LDG, low-density granulocyte
- MI, myocardial infarction
- NCB, noncalcified coronary plaque burden
- NDG, normal-density granulocyte
- NET, neutrophil extracellular trap
- PASI, psoriasis area severity index
- SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus
- TB, total coronary plaque burden
- cardiovascular disease
- low-density granulocytes
- neutrophils
- platelets
- psoriasis
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather L Teague
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Nevin J Varghese
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Lam C Tsoi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Amit K Dey
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Michael S Garshick
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Joanna I Silverman
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Yvonne Baumer
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Charlotte L Harrington
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Erin Stempinski
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Youssef A Elnabawi
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Pradeep K Dagur
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Kairong Cui
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ilker Tunc
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Fayaz Seifuddin
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Aditya A Joshi
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Elena Stansky
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Monica M Purmalek
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Justin A Rodante
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Andrew Keel
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Tarek Z Aridi
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Carmelo Carmona-Rivera
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Gregory E Sanda
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Marcus Y Chen
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mehdi Pirooznia
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - J Philip McCoy
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Joel M Gelfand
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Biostatics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Keji Zhao
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Martin P Playford
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mariana J Kaplan
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jeffrey S Berger
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Nehal N Mehta
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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16
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Frangou E, Chrysanthopoulou A, Mitsios A, Kambas K, Arelaki S, Angelidou I, Arampatzioglou A, Gakiopoulou H, Bertsias GK, Verginis P, Ritis K, Boumpas DT. REDD1/autophagy pathway promotes thromboinflammation and fibrosis in human systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) through NETs decorated with tissue factor (TF) and interleukin-17A (IL-17A). Ann Rheum Dis 2018; 78:238-248. [PMID: 30563869 PMCID: PMC6352428 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-213181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) represents a novel neutrophil effector function in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) pathogenesis. However, the molecular mechanism underlying NET release and how NETs mediate end-organ injury in SLE remain elusive. METHODS NET formation and NET-related proteins were assessed in the peripheral blood and biopsies from discoid lupus and proliferative nephritis, using immunofluorescence, immunoblotting, quantitative PCR and ELISA. Autophagy was assessed by immunofluorescence and immunoblotting. The functional effects of NETs in vitro were assessed in a primary fibroblast culture. RESULTS Neutrophils from patients with active SLE exhibited increased basal autophagy levels leading to enhanced NET release, which was inhibited in vitro by hydroxychloroquine. NETosis in SLE neutrophils correlated with increased expression of the stress-response protein REDD1. Endothelin-1 (ET-1) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) were key mediators of REDD1-driven NETs as demonstrated by their inhibition with bosentan and L-ascorbic acid, respectively. SLE NETs were decorated with tissue factor (TF) and interleukin-17A (IL-17A), which promoted thrombin generation and the fibrotic potential of cultured skin fibroblasts. Notably, TF-bearing and IL-17A-bearing NETs were abundant in discoid skin lesions and in the glomerular and tubulointerstitial compartment of proliferative nephritis biopsy specimens. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest the involvement of REDD1/autophagy/NET axis in end-organ injury and fibrosis in SLE, a likely candidate for repositioning of existing drugs for SLE therapy. Autophagy-mediated release of TF-bearing and IL-17A-bearing NETs provides a link between thromboinflammation and fibrosis in SLE and may account for the salutary effects of hydroxychloroquine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Frangou
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation and Tolerance, Autoimmunity and Inflammation, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.,Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Nicosia General Hospital, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Akrivi Chrysanthopoulou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Laboratory of Molecular Hematology, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Alexandros Mitsios
- Department of Internal Medicine, Laboratory of Molecular Hematology, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Kambas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Laboratory of Molecular Hematology, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Stella Arelaki
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Iliana Angelidou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Laboratory of Molecular Hematology, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Athanasios Arampatzioglou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Laboratory of Molecular Hematology, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Hariklia Gakiopoulou
- 1st Department of Pathology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - George K Bertsias
- Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Crete School of Medicine, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Panayotis Verginis
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation and Tolerance, Autoimmunity and Inflammation, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Ritis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Laboratory of Molecular Hematology, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece.,First Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Dimitrios T Boumpas
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation and Tolerance, Autoimmunity and Inflammation, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece .,Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.,4th Department of Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.,Joint Rheumatology Program, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
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17
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Sajja AP, Joshi AA, Teague HL, Dey AK, Mehta NN. Potential Immunological Links Between Psoriasis and Cardiovascular Disease. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1234. [PMID: 29910818 PMCID: PMC5992299 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Preclinical and clinical research provide strong evidence that chronic, systemic inflammation plays a key role in development and progression of atherosclerosis. Indeed, chronic inflammatory diseases, such as psoriasis, are associated with accelerated atherosclerosis and increased risk of cardiovascular events. Contemporary research has demonstrated plausible mechanistic links between immune cell dysfunction and cardiometabolic disease in psoriasis. In this review, we describe the role of potential common immunological mechanisms underlying both psoriasis and atherogenesis. We primarily discuss innate and adaptive immune cell subsets and their contributions to psoriatic disease and cardiovascular morbidity. Emerging efforts should focus on understanding the interplay among immune cells, adipose tissue, and various biomarkers of immune dysfunction to provide direction for future targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Nehal N. Mehta
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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18
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Barturen G, Alarcón-Riquelme ME. SLE redefined on the basis of molecular pathways. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2017; 31:291-305. [PMID: 29224672 DOI: 10.1016/j.berh.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The implementation of precision medicine requires the recruiting of patients in statistically enough numbers, the possibility of obtaining enough materials, and the integration of data from various platforms, which are all real limitations. These types of studies have been performed extensively in cancer but barely on systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or other rheumatic diseases. To consider the practical use of the information obtained from such studies, we have to take into account the best biological fluid to use, the ease to perform the analysis in clinical practice, and its relevance to clinical practice. Here we review the most relevant studies that have performed analyses that attempt to classify or stratify SLE. We focus on two types of studies: those that stratify individuals diagnosed with SLE and those that compare SLE with other autoimmune diseases, defining differences and similarities that may be clinically relevant in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Barturen
- Pfizer - University of Granada - Andalusian Government Center for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Av de la Ilustración 114, PTS, 18016, Granada, Spain.
| | - Marta E Alarcón-Riquelme
- Pfizer - University of Granada - Andalusian Government Center for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Av de la Ilustración 114, PTS, 18016, Granada, Spain; Unit of Inflammatory Chronic Diseases, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, 17777, Sweden.
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19
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Robichaux WG, Branham-O'Connor M, Hwang IY, Vural A, Kehrl JH, Blumer JB. Regulation of Chemokine Signal Integration by Activator of G-Protein Signaling 4 (AGS4). J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2017; 360:424-433. [PMID: 28062526 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.116.238436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Activator of G-protein signaling 4 (AGS4)/G-protein signaling modulator 3 (Gpsm3) contains three G-protein regulatory (GPR) motifs, each of which can bind Gαi-GDP free of Gβγ We previously demonstrated that the AGS4-Gαi interaction is regulated by seven transmembrane-spanning receptors (7-TMR), which may reflect direct coupling of the GPR-Gαi module to the receptor analogous to canonical Gαβγ heterotrimer. We have demonstrated that the AGS4-Gαi complex is regulated by chemokine receptors in an agonist-dependent manner that is receptor-proximal. As an initial approach to investigate the functional role(s) of this regulated interaction in vivo, we analyzed leukocytes, in which AGS4/Gpsm3 is predominantly expressed, from AGS4/Gpsm3-null mice. Loss of AGS4/Gpsm3 resulted in mild but significant neutropenia and leukocytosis. Dendritic cells, T lymphocytes, and neutrophils from AGS4/Gpsm3-null mice also exhibited significant defects in chemoattractant-directed chemotaxis and extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation. An in vivo peritonitis model revealed a dramatic reduction in the ability of AGS4/Gpsm3-null neutrophils to migrate to primary sites of inflammation. Taken together, these data suggest that AGS4/Gpsm3 is required for proper chemokine signal processing in leukocytes and provide further evidence for the importance of the GPR-Gαi module in the regulation of leukocyte function.
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Affiliation(s)
- William G Robichaux
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina (W.G.R., M.B.-O., J.B.B.); and B-Cell Molecular Immunology Section, Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (I.-Y.H., A.V., J.H.K.)
| | - Melissa Branham-O'Connor
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina (W.G.R., M.B.-O., J.B.B.); and B-Cell Molecular Immunology Section, Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (I.-Y.H., A.V., J.H.K.)
| | - Il-Young Hwang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina (W.G.R., M.B.-O., J.B.B.); and B-Cell Molecular Immunology Section, Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (I.-Y.H., A.V., J.H.K.)
| | - Ali Vural
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina (W.G.R., M.B.-O., J.B.B.); and B-Cell Molecular Immunology Section, Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (I.-Y.H., A.V., J.H.K.)
| | - Johne H Kehrl
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina (W.G.R., M.B.-O., J.B.B.); and B-Cell Molecular Immunology Section, Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (I.-Y.H., A.V., J.H.K.)
| | - Joe B Blumer
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina (W.G.R., M.B.-O., J.B.B.); and B-Cell Molecular Immunology Section, Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (I.-Y.H., A.V., J.H.K.)
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20
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Rai R, Chauhan SK, Singh VV, Rai M, Rai G. RNA-seq Analysis Reveals Unique Transcriptome Signatures in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients with Distinct Autoantibody Specificities. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0166312. [PMID: 27835693 PMCID: PMC5106032 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients exhibit immense heterogeneity which is challenging from the diagnostic perspective. Emerging high throughput sequencing technologies have been proved to be a useful platform to understand the complex and dynamic disease processes. SLE patients categorised based on autoantibody specificities are reported to have differential immuno-regulatory mechanisms. Therefore, we performed RNA-seq analysis to identify transcriptomics of SLE patients with distinguished autoantibody specificities. The SLE patients were segregated into three subsets based on the type of autoantibodies present in their sera (anti-dsDNA+ group with anti-dsDNA autoantibody alone; anti-ENA+ group having autoantibodies against extractable nuclear antigens (ENA) only, and anti-dsDNA+ENA+ group having autoantibodies to both dsDNA and ENA). Global transcriptome profiling for each SLE patients subsets was performed using Illumina® Hiseq-2000 platform. The biological relevance of dysregulated transcripts in each SLE subsets was assessed by ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) software. We observed that dysregulation in the transcriptome expression pattern was clearly distinct in each SLE patients subsets. IPA analysis of transcripts uniquely expressed in different SLE groups revealed specific biological pathways to be affected in each SLE subsets. Multiple cytokine signaling pathways were specifically dysregulated in anti-dsDNA+ patients whereas Interferon signaling was predominantly dysregulated in anti-ENA+ patients. In anti-dsDNA+ENA+ patients regulation of actin based motility by Rho pathway was significantly affected. The granulocyte gene signature was a common feature to all SLE subsets; however, anti-dsDNA+ group showed relatively predominant expression of these genes. Dysregulation of Plasma cell related transcripts were higher in anti-dsDNA+ and anti-ENA+ patients as compared to anti-dsDNA+ ENA+. Association of specific canonical pathways with the uniquely expressed transcripts in each SLE subgroup indicates that specific immunological disease mechanisms are operative in distinct SLE patients' subsets. This 'sub-grouping' approach could further be useful for clinical evaluation of SLE patients and devising targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Rai
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sudhir Kumar Chauhan
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vikas Vikram Singh
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Madhukar Rai
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Geeta Rai
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
- * E-mail:
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Microarray to deep sequencing: transcriptome and miRNA profiling to elucidate molecular pathways in systemic lupus erythematosus. Immunol Res 2016; 64:14-24. [PMID: 26188428 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-015-8672-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with diverse clinical manifestations and autoantibody repertoires. The etiology of SLE is multifactorial involving genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors. This complexity leads to poor prognosis, which poses major challenges in the treatment of SLE. Understanding the complex genetic pathways and regulatory mechanisms operative in SLE was feasible by utilizing several highly efficient molecular biological tools during the past few years. In this perspective, DNA microarray technology offered a high-throughput platform in unraveling SLE-associated genes. Additionally, extensive microarray analysis had demonstrated aberrant DNA methylation pattern and differential microRNAs, thus contributing to the knowledge of epigenetic modulators and posttranscriptional regulatory machinery in SLE. It was through the aid of these technologies that interferon signature was identified as an important contributor in SLE pathogenesis along with dysregulation of cytokine-, chemokine- and apoptosis-related genes. The emergence of next-generation sequencing technologies such as RNA sequencing has added new dimensions in understanding the dynamics of the disease processes. Compared with microarrays, deep sequencing has provided higher resolution in gene expression measurement along with identification of different splicing events, noncoding RNAs and novel loci in SLE. The focus, therefore, has now been shifted toward the identification of novel gene loci and their isoforms, and their implication in disease pathogenesis. This advancement in the technology from microarray to deep sequencing has helped in deciphering the molecular pathways involved in pathogenesis of SLE and opens new avenues to develop novel treatment strategies for SLE.
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Jarrot PA, Chiche L, Hervier B, Daniel L, Vuiblet V, Bardin N, Bertin D, Terrier B, Amoura Z, Andrés E, Rondeau E, Hamidou M, Pennaforte JL, Halfon P, Daugas E, Dussol B, Puéchal X, Kaplanski G, Jourde-Chiche N. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis Overlap Syndrome in Patients With Biopsy-Proven Glomerulonephritis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e3748. [PMID: 27258503 PMCID: PMC4900711 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000003748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to report the clinical, biological, and pathological characteristics of patients with glomerulonephritis (GN) secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)/antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) overlap syndrome.A nationwide survey was conducted to identify cases of SLE/AAV overlap syndrome. Data were collected from SLE and AAV French research groups. Inclusion criteria were diagnosis of both SLE and AAV according to international classification criteria and biopsy-proven GN between 1995 and 2014. Additional cases were identified through a systematic literature review. A cohort of consecutive biopsy-proven GN was used to study the prevalence of overlapping antibodies and/or overlap syndrome.The national survey identified 8 cases of SLE/AAV overlap syndrome. All patients were female; median age was 40 years. AAV occurred before SLE (n = 3), after (n = 3), or concomitantly (n = 2). Six patients had rapidly progressive GN and 3/8 had alveolar hemorrhage. All patients had antinuclear antibodies (ANA); 7/8 had p-ANCA antimyeloperoxidase (MPO) antibodies. Renal biopsies showed lupus nephritis (LN) or pauci-immune GN. Remission was obtained in 4/8 patients. A literature review identified 31 additional cases with a similarly severe presentation. In the GN cohort, ANCA positivity was found in 30% of LN, ANA positivity in 52% of pauci-immune GN, with no correlation with pathological findings. The estimated prevalence for SLE/AAV overlap syndrome was 2/101 (2%).In patients with GN, SLE/AAV overlap syndrome may occur but with a low prevalence. Most patients have an aggressive renal presentation, with usually both ANA and anti-MPO antibodies. Further studies are needed to assess shared pathogenesis and therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Andre Jarrot
- From the Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology (PAJ, GK), AP-HM Hôpital de La Conception; Inserm UMR-S 1076 Vascular Research Center of Marseille (PAJ, GK, NJ-C), Aix-Marseille Université; Department of Internal Medicine (LC, PH), Hôpital Européen de Marseille, Marseille; Reference Center for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (BH, ZA), Department of Internal Medicine, AP-HP Hôpital Pitie-Salpêtrière, Paris; Department of Pathology (LD), AP-HM Hôpital de La Timone, Aix-Marseille Université; Department of Pathology (VV), Paul Bouin Laboratory, Reims, France; Laboratory of Immunology (NB, DB), AP-HM Hôpital de la Conception, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille; French Vasculitis Study Group (BT, XP), Department of Internal Medicine, National Reference Center for Necrotizing Vasculitis, AP-HP Hôpital Cochin, University Paris-Descartes; Department of Internal Medicine (EA), Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg; Department of Nephrology (ER), AP-HP Hôpital Tenon, Paris; Department of Internal Medicine (MH), Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes; Department of Internal Medicine (J-LP), Hôpital Robert Debré, Reims Université, Reims; Groupe Coopératif sur le Lupus Rénal (ED), Department of Nephrology, AP-HP Hôpital Bichat, Paris; and Department of Nephrology (BD, NJ-C), AP-HM Hôpital Conception, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
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Vlachou K, Mintzas K, Glymenaki M, Ioannou M, Papadaki G, Bertsias GK, Sidiropoulos P, Boumpas DT, Verginis P. Elimination of Granulocytic Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Lupus-Prone Mice Linked to Reactive Oxygen Species-Dependent Extracellular Trap Formation. Arthritis Rheumatol 2016; 68:449-61. [DOI: 10.1002/art.39441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Vlachou
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Heraklion, Greece, Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation, University of Crete Medical School, Heraklion, Greece, and Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens; Athens Greece
| | - Konstantinos Mintzas
- Maria Glymenaki, MSc, Prodromos Sidiropoulos, MD, PhD: Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation, University of Crete Medical School; Heraklion Greece
| | - Maria Glymenaki
- Maria Glymenaki, MSc, Prodromos Sidiropoulos, MD, PhD: Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation, University of Crete Medical School; Heraklion Greece
| | - Marianna Ioannou
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology and Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation, University of Crete Medical School; Heraklion Greece
| | - Garyfalia Papadaki
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology and Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation, University of Crete Medical School; Heraklion Greece
| | - George K. Bertsias
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology and Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation, University of Crete Medical School; Heraklion Greece
| | - Prodromos Sidiropoulos
- Maria Glymenaki, MSc, Prodromos Sidiropoulos, MD, PhD: Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation, University of Crete Medical School; Heraklion Greece
| | - Dimitrios T. Boumpas
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Heraklion, Greece, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece, and Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens; Athens Greece
| | - Panayotis Verginis
- Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany, and Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens; Athens Greece
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Choi EW, Lee HW, Shin IS, Park JH, Yun TW, Youn HY, Kim SJ. Comparative Efficacies of Long-Term Serial Transplantation of Syngeneic, Allogeneic, Xenogeneic, or CTLA4Ig-Overproducing Xenogeneic Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Murine Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Cell Transplant 2015; 25:1193-206. [PMID: 26377835 DOI: 10.3727/096368915x689442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic and xenogeneic transplantation are suitable alternatives for treating patients with stem cell defects and autoimmune diseases. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of long-term serial transplantation of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) from (NZB × NZW) F1 mice (syngeneic), BALB/c mice (allogeneic), or humans (xenogeneic) on systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The effects of transplanting human ASCs overproducing CTLA4Ig (CTLA4Ig-hASC) were also compared. Animals were divided into five experimental groups, according to the transplanted cell type. Approximately 500,000 ASCs were administered intravenously every 2 weeks from 6 to 60 weeks of age to all mice except for the control mice, which received saline. The human ASC groups (hASC and CTLA4Ig-hASC) showed a 13-week increase in average life spans and increased survival rates and decreased blood urea nitrogen, proteinuria, and glomerular IgG deposition. The allogeneic group also showed higher survival rates compared to those of the control, up to 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 52, and 53 weeks of age. Syngeneic ASC transplantation did not accelerate the mortality of the mice. The mean life span of both the syngeneic and allogeneic groups was prolonged for 6-7 weeks. Both human ASC groups displayed increased serum interleukin-10 and interleukin-4 levels, whereas both mouse ASC groups displayed significantly increased GM-CSF and interferon-γ levels in the serum. The strongest humoral immune response was induced by xenogeneic transplantation, followed by allogeneic, CTLA4Ig-xenogeneic, and syngeneic transplantations. Long-term serial transplantation of the ASCs from various sources displayed different patterns of cytokine expression and humoral responses, but all of them increased life spans in an SLE mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Wha Choi
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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25
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Zhang L, Ma D, Li X, Deng C, Shi Q, You X, Leng X, Li M, Tang F, Zhang F, Li Y. Gene expression profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in primary biliary cirrhosis. Clin Exp Med 2015; 14:409-16. [PMID: 23958878 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-013-0253-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2013] [Accepted: 07/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies on gene expression profiles in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) have exclusively focused on liver tissue or intrahepatic cells. Since the pathological process is systemic, other complementary studies in blood cells seemed to be reasonable. In this research, we try to explore differentially expressed genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of PBC patients. Nine PBC patients and 9 healthy controls were recruited as Cohort 1 for a microarray study of screening. Total RNA of PBMCs from each individual was isolated and screened by oligonucleotide microarray (22 K). Then, differentially expressed genes were categorized into signaling pathways. Expression levels of three important genes, tyrosine kinase binding protein (TYROBP), C–C motif chemokine 5 (CCL5) and cathepsin L (CTSL) were confirmed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in a second Cohort 2 (30 PBC patients and 20 healthy controls). Results show that sixty-five genes differentially expressed in PBC were identified, 20 of which were up-regulated and 45 of which were down-regulated. Twenty-seven signaling pathways were identified. TYROBP and CCL5 were proved to be down-regulated in PBC, and CTSL was proved to be up-regulated (p < 0.05) in PBC, which were all consistent with the screening study. In conclusions, the analysis of gene expression in PBMCs of PBC and the comparison of gene profiles between PBMCs and the liver may provide new clues to the pathogenesis of the disease.
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26
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Prechl J, Czirják L. The endothelial deprotection hypothesis for lupus pathogenesis: the dual role of C1q as a mediator of clearance and regulator of endothelial permeability. F1000Res 2015; 4:24. [DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.6075.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a heterogeneous multifactorial systemic autoimmune disease affecting several organs. SLE can start relatively early in life and results in impaired quality of life and shortened life expectancy because of a gradual disease progression leading to cardiovascular, renal and neoplastic disease. The basic mechanisms of the pathogenesis of the disease still remain to be clarified. It is clear that complement proteins play a key and complex role in the development of SLE. Complement component C1q has been known to be a fundamental component of lupus development, but most explanations focus on its role in apoptotic debris removal. Importantly, C1q was recently found to play a key role in the maintenance of vascular endothelial integrity.We suggest that apoptotic products, endothelial cells and extracellular matrix components, which display negatively charged moieties, compete for binding to molecules of the innate humoral immune response, like C1q. Genetic or acquired factors leading to an increased load of apoptotic cell debris and decrease or absence of C1q therefore interfere with the regulation of endothelial permeability and integrity. Furthermore, we suggest that lupus is the net result of an imbalance between the two functions of immune clearance and vascular endothelial integrity maintenance, an imbalance triggered and sustained by autoimmunity, which skews C1q consumption by IgG-mediated complement classical pathway activation on autoantigens. In this triangle of innate clearance, autoimmunity and endothelial integrity, C1q plays a central role.Hence, we interpret the pathogenesis of lupus by identifying three key components, namely innate immune clearance, autoimmunity and endothelial integrity and we establish a link between these components based on the protective role that innate clearance molecules play in endothelial renewal. By including the vasoprotective role of C1q in the interpretation of SLE development we attempt to provide novel explanations for the symptoms, organ damage, diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties of the disease.
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27
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Prechl J, Czirják L. The endothelial deprotection hypothesis for lupus pathogenesis: the dual role of C1q as a mediator of clearance and regulator of endothelial permeability. F1000Res 2015; 4:24. [PMID: 25901277 PMCID: PMC4392829 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.6075.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a heterogeneous multifactorial systemic autoimmune disease affecting several organs. SLE can start relatively early in life and results in impaired quality of life and shortened life expectancy because of a gradual disease progression leading to cardiovascular, renal and neoplastic disease. The basic mechanisms of the pathogenesis of the disease still remain to be clarified. It is clear that complement proteins play a key and complex role in the development of SLE. Complement component C1q has been known to be a fundamental component of lupus development, but most explanations focus on its role in apoptotic debris removal. Importantly, C1q was recently found to play a key role in the maintenance of vascular endothelial integrity. We suggest that apoptotic products, endothelial cells and extracellular matrix components, which display negatively charged moieties, compete for binding to molecules of the innate humoral immune response, like C1q. Genetic or acquired factors leading to an increased load of apoptotic cell debris and decrease or absence of C1q therefore interfere with the regulation of endothelial permeability and integrity. Furthermore, we suggest that lupus is the net result of an imbalance between the two functions of immune clearance and vascular endothelial integrity maintenance, an imbalance triggered and sustained by autoimmunity, which skews C1q consumption by IgG-mediated complement classical pathway activation on autoantigens. In this triangle of innate clearance, autoimmunity and endothelial integrity, C1q plays a central role. Hence, we interpret the pathogenesis of lupus by identifying three key components, namely innate immune clearance, autoimmunity and endothelial integrity and we establish a link between these components based on the protective role that innate clearance molecules play in endothelial renewal. By including the vasoprotective role of C1q in the interpretation of SLE development we attempt to provide novel explanations for the symptoms, organ damage, diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- József Prechl
- Diagnosticum Zrt, Budapest, 1047, Hungary ; MTA-ELTE Immunology Research Group, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - László Czirják
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Clinic Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7632, Hungary
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28
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Mok MY. Tolerogenic dendritic cells: role and therapeutic implications in systemic lupus erythematosus. Int J Rheum Dis 2014; 18:250-9. [DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.12532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mo Yin Mok
- Division of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology Department of Medicine Queen Mary Hospital The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China
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29
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Souliotis VL, Sfikakis PP. Increased DNA double-strand breaks and enhanced apoptosis in patients with lupus nephritis. Lupus 2014; 24:804-15. [PMID: 25542905 DOI: 10.1177/0961203314565413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) lead to mutations, genomic instability and apoptotic death, whereas accumulation of apoptotic cells results in excessive autoantigen presentation and autoantibody formation. We aimed to measure DSB levels in lupus nephritis, a severe complication of the prototypic systemic autoimmune disease. METHODS The intrinsic DNA damage and the apoptosis induction/DSB levels were evaluated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of six patients and 10 healthy controls following exposure to genotoxic agents (melphalan, cisplatin) ex vivo. DSBs were assessed using immunofluorescence quantification of γH2AX foci and comet assay. RESULTS Intrinsic DNA damage was increased in lupus versus control cells in both assays (Olive Tail Moment units of 15.8 ± 2.3 versus 3.0 ± 1.4 in comet, p < 0.01; % γH2AX-positive cells: 13.6 ± 1.8 versus 4.6 ± 0.9, p < 0.01, respectively). Melphalan or cisplatin doses as low as 9.9 ± 4.8 or 29.8 ± 8.3 µg/ml, respectively, were sufficient to induce apoptosis in lupus cells; control cells required doses of 32.3 ± 7.7 and 67.7 ± 5.5 µg/ml, respectively. Drug-induced DSB levels were increased in lupus versus control cells, with the area under the curve (AUC) for melphalan-induced DSBs being 3050 ± 610 (% γH2AX-positive staining cells) × (drug dose) in patients and 1580 ± 350 in controls (p < 0.05); the corresponding values for cisplatin-induced AUC were 13900 ± 1800 for lupus and 4500 ± 750 for controls (p < 0.01). Interestingly, within either lupus patients or controls examined, the accumulation of DSBs correlated with apoptosis degrees (all p < 0.01). Results in lupus cells were not associated with individual disease activity level or treatment modalities at the time of the study. CONCLUSION These findings suggest a novel mechanism by which increased accumulation of DSBs may render cells more sensitive to apoptosis, thus contributing to the induction of systemic autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- V L Souliotis
- Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - P P Sfikakis
- Rheumatology Unit, First Department of Propedeutic Internal Medicine, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece
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Umiker BR, Andersson S, Fernandez L, Korgaokar P, Larbi A, Pilichowska M, Weinkauf CC, Wortis HH, Kearney JF, Imanishi-Kari T. Dosage of X-linked Toll-like receptor 8 determines gender differences in the development of systemic lupus erythematosus. Eur J Immunol 2014; 44:1503-16. [PMID: 24500834 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201344283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Revised: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with a high incidence in females and a complex phenotype. Using 564Igi mice, a model of SLE with knock-in genes encoding an autoreactive anti-RNA Ab, we investigated how expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in B cells and neutrophils affects pathogenesis. We established that TLR signaling through MyD88 is necessary for disease. Autoantibody was produced in mice with single deletions of Tlr7, Tlr8, or Tlr9 or combined deletions of Tlr7 and Tlr9. Autoantibody was not produced in the combined absence of Tlr7 and Tlr8, indicating that TLR8 contributes to the break in tolerance. Furthermore, TLR8 was sufficient for the loss of B-cell tolerance, the production of class-switched autoantibody, heightened granulopoiesis, and increased production of type I IFN by neutrophils as well as glomerulonephritis and death. We show that dosage of X-linked Tlr8 plays a major role in the high incidence of disease in females. In addition, we show that the negative regulation of disease by TLR9 is exerted primarily on granulopoiesis and type I IFN production by neutrophils. Collectively, we suggest that individual TLRs play unique roles in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus, suggesting new targets for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin R Umiker
- Program in Immunology, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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31
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Perez-Sanchez C, Barbarroja N, Messineo S, Ruiz-Limon P, Rodriguez-Ariza A, Jimenez-Gomez Y, Khamashta MA, Collantes-Estevez E, Cuadrado MJ, Aguirre MA, Lopez-Pedrera C. Gene profiling reveals specific molecular pathways in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease in antiphospholipid syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid syndrome with lupus. Ann Rheum Dis 2014; 74:1441-9. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-204600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
ObjectiveTo identify shared and differential molecular pathways involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis (AT) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), primary antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and APS associated with SLE (APS plus SLE).Methods129 patients (42 APS, 31 APS plus SLE and 56 SLE) and 61 healthy donors were included. Microarray expression profiling was performed in monocytes. RT-PCR of selected genes and western blot were used to validate microarray data. Clinical and inflammatory parameters were also analysed.ResultsCompared with controls, 555, 1224 and 518 genes were differentially expressed in monocytes from SLE, APS plus SLE and APS patients, respectively. Approximately 25–30% of differentially expressed genes were related to AT and CVD. Each disease displayed a specific AT/CVD/Inflammation-related gene signature. Compared with SLE, APS showed alterations in mitochondria biogenesis and function and oxidative stress. Besides the interferon signature, found in APS plus SLE and SLE patients, various genes mediating atherosclerotic/inflammatory signalling were also differentially expressed in APS plus SLE. IgG-anticardiolipin (aCL) titres independently predicted both atherosclerotic and thrombosis in APS plus SLE. Moreover, a significant correlation of IgG-aCL titres with mRNA levels of certain inflammatory molecules in monocytes was further noticed. In vitro treatment of monocytes with IgG-aCL promoted an increase in the expression of the genes most significantly changed in APS plus SLE versus healthy donors.ConclusionsGene expression profiling allows the segregation of APS, APS plus SLE and SLE, with specific signatures explaining the pro-atherosclerotic and pro-thrombotic alterations in these highly related autoimmune diseases.
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32
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Palanichamy A, Bauer JW, Yalavarthi S, Meednu N, Barnard J, Owen T, Cistrone C, Bird A, Rabinovich A, Nevarez S, Knight JS, Dedrick R, Rosenberg A, Wei C, Rangel-Moreno J, Liesveld J, Sanz I, Baechler E, Kaplan MJ, Anolik JH. Neutrophil-mediated IFN activation in the bone marrow alters B cell development in human and murine systemic lupus erythematosus. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2014; 192:906-18. [PMID: 24379124 PMCID: PMC3907774 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1302112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Inappropriate activation of type I IFN plays a key role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In this study, we report the presence of IFN activation in SLE bone marrow (BM), as measured by an IFN gene signature, increased IFN regulated chemokines, and direct production of IFN by BM-resident cells, associated with profound changes in B cell development. The majority of SLE patients had an IFN signature in the BM that was more pronounced than the paired peripheral blood and correlated with both higher autoantibodies and disease activity. Pronounced alterations in B cell development were noted in SLE in the presence of an IFN signature with a reduction in the fraction of pro/pre-B cells, suggesting an inhibition in early B cell development and an expansion of B cells at the transitional stage. These B cell changes strongly correlated with an increase in BAFF and APRIL expression in the IFN-high BM. Furthermore, we found that BM neutrophils in SLE were prime producers of IFN-α and B cell factors. In NZM lupus-prone mice, similar changes in B cell development were observed and mediated by IFN, given abrogation in NZM mice lacking type-I IFNR. BM neutrophils were abundant, responsive to, and producers of IFN, in close proximity to B cells. These results indicate that the BM is an important but previously unrecognized target organ in SLE with neutrophil-mediated IFN activation and alterations in B cell ontogeny and selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arumugam Palanichamy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642
| | - Jason W Bauer
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Srilakshmi Yalavarthi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Nida Meednu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642
| | - Jennifer Barnard
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642
| | - Teresa Owen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642
| | - Christopher Cistrone
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642
| | - Anna Bird
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642
| | - Alfred Rabinovich
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642
| | - Sarah Nevarez
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642
| | - Jason S. Knight
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | | | - Alexander Rosenberg
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642
| | - Chungwen Wei
- Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - Javier Rangel-Moreno
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642
| | - Jane Liesveld
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642
| | - Inaki Sanz
- Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - Emily Baechler
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Mariana J. Kaplan
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Jennifer H Anolik
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642
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Arriens C, Mohan C. Systemic lupus erythematosus diagnostics in the 'omics' era. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 8:671-687. [PMID: 24860621 DOI: 10.2217/ijr.13.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus is a complex autoimmune disease affecting multiple organ systems. Currently, diagnosis relies upon meeting at least four out of eleven criteria outlined by the ACR. The scientific community actively pursues discovery of novel diagnostics in the hope of better identifying susceptible individuals in early stages of disease. Comprehensive studies have been conducted at multiple biological levels including: DNA (or genomics), mRNA (or transcriptomics), protein (or proteomics) and metabolites (or metabolomics). The 'omics' platforms allow us to re-examine systemic lupus erythematosus at a greater degree of molecular resolution. More importantly, one is hopeful that these 'omics' platforms may yield newer biomarkers for systemic lupus erythematosus that can help clinicians track the disease course with greater sensitivity and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Arriens
- Rheumatic Diseases Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8884, USA
| | - Chandra Mohan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, 3605 Cullen Blvd, Room 2018, Houston, TX 77204, USA
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Majai G, Kiss E, Tarr T, Zahuczky G, Hartman Z, Szegedi G, Fésüs L. Decreased apopto-phagocytic gene expression in the macrophages of systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Lupus 2013; 23:133-45. [PMID: 24285095 DOI: 10.1177/0961203313511557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The clearance of apoptotic cells has an important role in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and in the protection of tissues from the inflammatory and immunogenic contents of dying cells. A defect in the recognition and phagocytosis of apoptotic cells contributes to the development of chronic inflammation and autoimmune disorders. We have observed that compared with healthy donors, differentiated macrophages from patients with untreated systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) showed decreased phagocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils. A TaqMan Low Density Array was designed to determine the mRNA expression levels of 95 apopto-phagocytic genes in differentiated non-phagocytosing and phagocytosing macrophages. In the macrophages of clinically and immunoserologically active SLE patients, 39 genes were expressed at lower levels than in the control macrophages. When inactive patients were compared with those with minor immunoserological abnormalities or patients in an immunoserologically active state, a relationship was observed between the altered gene expression profile and the disease state. In the macrophages of patients with engulfing apoptotic cells, an upregulation of genes involved in inflammation, autophagy, and signaling was observed. These results indicate that novel immune-pathological pathways are involved in SLE and suggest targets for potential therapeutic modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Majai
- 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Apoptosis and Genomics Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Fanouriakis A, Mastorodemos V, Pamfil C, Papadaki E, Sidiropoulos P, Plaitakis A, Amoiridis G, Bertsias G, Boumpas DT. Coexistence of systemic lupus erythematosus and multiple sclerosis: prevalence, clinical characteristics, and natural history. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2013; 43:751-8. [PMID: 24332007 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2013.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The coexistence of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and multiple sclerosis (MS) in the same individual has rarely been described. Our objective was to report on the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and prognosis of cases fulfilling the criteria for both SLE and MS. METHODS We utilized existing patient cohorts from the Departments of Rheumatology and Neurology, University of Crete, and screened patients diagnosed with either SLE (n = 728) or MS (n = 819) for features of both diseases. The clinical, laboratory, and neuroimaging findings were assessed. RESULTS We identified nine patients who fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for both SLE and MS, corresponding to a prevalence rate of 1.0-1.2% in each cohort. All patients were women, with an average age at SLE diagnosis of 42.1 years (range: 34-56 years). The diagnosis of SLE preceded the development of MS in five patients, with a time lag ≤ 5 years in four of them. Initial presentation of MS included spinal symptoms in seven patients. All patients had features of mild SLE with predominantly cutaneous, mucosal, and musculoskeletal manifestations. Accordingly, therapeutic decisions were mainly guided by the severity of the neurological syndrome. During the median follow-up of 4 years (range: 1-10 years), three patients remained stable and the remaining experienced gradual deterioration in their neurological status. SLE remained quiescent in all patients while on standard immunomodulatory MS therapy. CONCLUSIONS Occurrence of both diseases in the same individual is rare, corroborating data that suggest distinct molecular signatures. SLE and MS coexistence was not associated with a severe phenotype for either entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonis Fanouriakis
- Department of Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Greece
| | | | - Cristina Pamfil
- "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Efrosini Papadaki
- Department of Medical Imaging-MRI Unit, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Prodromos Sidiropoulos
- Department of Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Andreas Plaitakis
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Greece
| | - George Amoiridis
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Greece
| | - George Bertsias
- Department of Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Greece; Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation of Research and Technology-Hellas, Voutes, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Dimitrios T Boumpas
- Department of Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Greece; Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation of Research and Technology-Hellas, Voutes, Heraklion, Greece; Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece.
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Han JH, Umiker BR, Kazimirova AA, Fray M, Korgaonkar P, Selsing E, Imanishi-Kari T. Expression of an anti-RNA autoantibody in a mouse model of SLE increases neutrophil and monocyte numbers as well as IFN-I expression. Eur J Immunol 2013; 44:215-26. [PMID: 24105635 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201343714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Revised: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the presence of antinucleic acid autoantibodies, high levels of circulating type I interferon (IFN-I), and an IFN-I-dependent elevated expression of activating FcγR. Increases in neutrophils and monocytes are often observed in clinical SLE, but how these contribute to autoantibody and IFN-I production is poorly understood. Here, we analyzed SLE pathogenesis in 564Igi mice, an SLE-model strain carrying gene-targeted heavy and light chain antibody genes encoding an anti-RNA autoantibody in a C57BL/6 background. Similar to human SLE patients, 564Igi mice produce anti-RNA autoantibodies and expanded neutrophil and monocyte populations. These myeloid cells produced IFN-I and exhibit increased FcγRIV expression induced via an IFN-I autocrine loop. A direct effect of IFN-I on 56 Igi BM B cells and neutrophils was supported by their upregulation of "IFN-I signature genes". In addition, 564Igi developing B cells showed upregulated TLR7 resulting in IgG2a/2b class switch recombination and autoantibody production. Our results indicate that the production of anti-RNA autoantibody is sufficient to induce an increase of BM, blood, and spleen IFN-I-producing neutrophils, and suggest a mechanism by which autoantibody and IFN-I contribute to SLE by activating B lymphocytes, neutrophils, and monocyte effector cells in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hwan Han
- Graduate Program in Immunology, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
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Shrivastav M, Niewold TB. Nucleic Acid sensors and type I interferon production in systemic lupus erythematosus. Front Immunol 2013; 4:319. [PMID: 24109483 PMCID: PMC3791549 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The characteristic serologic feature of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is autoantibodies against one’s own nucleic acid or nucleic acid-binding proteins – DNA and RNA-binding nuclear proteins. Circulating autoantibodies can deposit in the tissue, causing inflammation and production of cytokines such as type 1 interferon (IFN). Investigations in human patients and animal models have implicated environmental as well as genetic factors in the biology of the SLE autoimmune response. Viral/Bacterial nucleic acid is a potent stimulant of innate immunity by both toll-like receptor (TLR) and non-TLR signaling cascades. Additionally, foreign DNA may act as an immunogen to drive an antigen-specific antibody response. Self nucleic acid is normally restricted to the nucleus or the mitochondria, away from the DNA/RNA sensors, and mechanisms exist to differentiate between foreign and self nucleic acid. In normal immunity, a diverse range of DNA and RNA sensors in different cell types form a dynamic and integrated molecular network to prevent viral infection. In SLE, pathologic activation of these sensors occurs via immune complexes consisting of autoantibodies bound to DNA or to nucleic acid-protein complexes. In this review, we will discuss recent studies outlining how mismanaged nucleic acid sensing networks promote autoimmunity and result in the over-production of type I IFN. This information is critical for improving therapeutic strategies for SLE disease.
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Frangou EA, Bertsias GK, Boumpas DT. Gene expression and regulation in systemic lupus erythematosus. Eur J Clin Invest 2013; 43:1084-96. [PMID: 23902282 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is the prototypic systemic autoimmune disease. Genome-wide (GW) association studies have identified more than 40 disease-associated loci, together accounting for only 10-20% of disease heritability. Gene expression represents the intermediate phenotype between DNA and disease phenotypic variation, and provides insights regarding genetic and epigenetic effects. We review data on gene expression and regulation in SLE by our group and other investigators. MATERIALS AND METHODS Systematic PubMed search for GW expression studies in SLE published since the year 2000. RESULTS Deregulation of genes involved in type I interferon signaling is a consistent finding in the peripheral blood of active and severe SLE patients. Upregulation of granulocyte-specific transcripts especially in bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs), and of myeloid lineage transcripts in lupus nephritis, provide evidence for pathogenic role of these cells. Gene network analysis in BMMCs identified central gene regulators which could represent therapeutic targets and a high similarity between SLE and non-Hodgkin lymphoma providing a molecular basis for the reported association of the two diseases. Gene expression abnormalities driven by deregulated expression of certain microRNAs in SLE contribute to interferon production, T- and B-cell hyperactivity, DNA hypomethylation, and defective tissue response to injury. Methylation arrays have revealed alterations in white blood cell DNA methylation in SLE suggesting an important role of epigenetics and the environment. CONCLUSIONS Gene expression studies have contributed to the characterization of pathogenic processes in SLE. Integrated approaches utilizing genetic variation, transcriptome and epigenome profiling will facilitate efforts towards a molecular-based disease taxonomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni A Frangou
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Low-density granulocytes: a distinct class of neutrophils in systemic autoimmunity. Semin Immunopathol 2013; 35:455-63. [PMID: 23553215 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-013-0375-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have renewed the interest on the potential role that neutrophils play in the development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and other autoimmune conditions. A distinct subset of proinflammatory, low-density granulocytes (LDGs) isolated from the peripheral blood mononuclear cell fractions of patients with SLE has been described. While the origin and role of LDGs needs to be fully characterized, there is evidence that these cells may contribute to lupus pathogenesis and to the development of end-organ damage through heightened proinflammatory responses, altered phagocytic capacity, enhanced ability to synthesize type I interferons, and to kill endothelial cells. Furthermore, these cells readily form neutrophil extracellular traps, a phenomenon that may promote autoantigen externalization and organ damage. This review examines the biology and potential origin of LDGs, describes the ultrastructural characteristics of these cells, and discusses their putative pathogenic role in systemic autoimmune diseases.
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Tang Y, Ma X, Zhang H, Gu Z, Hou Y, Gilkeson GS, Lu L, Zeng X, Sun L. Gene expression profile reveals abnormalities of multiple signaling pathways in mesenchymal stem cell derived from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Dev Immunol 2012; 2012:826182. [PMID: 22966240 PMCID: PMC3433142 DOI: 10.1155/2012/826182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2012] [Revised: 03/21/2012] [Accepted: 04/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to compare bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) between systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and normal controls by means of cDNA microarray, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and immunoblotting. Our results showed there were a total of 1, 905 genes which were differentially expressed by BMMSCs derived from SLE patients, of which, 652 genes were upregulated and 1, 253 were downregulated. Gene ontology (GO) analysis showed that the majority of these genes were related to cell cycle and protein binding. Pathway analysis exhibited that differentially regulated signal pathways involved actin cytoskeleton, focal adhesion, tight junction, and TGF-β pathway. The high protein level of BMP-5 and low expression of Id-1 indicated that there might be dysregulation in BMP/TGF-β signaling pathway. The expression of Id-1 in SLE BMMSCs was reversely correlated with serum TNF-α levels. The protein level of cyclin E decreased in the cell cycling regulation pathway. Moreover, the MAPK signaling pathway was activated in BMMSCs from SLE patients via phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and SAPK/JNK. The actin distribution pattern of BMMSCs from SLE patients was also found disordered. Our results suggested that there were distinguished differences of BMMSCs between SLE patients and normal controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Xiaolei Ma
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Huayong Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Zhifeng Gu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Yayi Hou
- Immunology and Reproductive Biology Lab, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Gary S. Gilkeson
- Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29403, USA
| | - Liwei Lu
- Department of Pathology and Center of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Xiaofeng Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking 100730, China
| | - Lingyun Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
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42
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Kawasaki M, Fujishiro M, Yamaguchi A, Nozawa K, Kaneko H, Takasaki Y, Takamori K, Ogawa H, Sekigawa I. Possible role of the JAK/STAT pathways in the regulation of T cell-interferon related genes in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2012; 20:1231-9. [PMID: 21980035 DOI: 10.1177/0961203311409963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Changes in gene expression in CD3+ T cells associated with disease progression in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients were determined. The genes related to SLE disease-related activities were identified and their gene regulatory networks were investigated. Analyses of gene expression were performed by both DNA microarray and real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The expression of certain genes including interferon (IFN) regulatory factor (IRF)-related genes, such as IFN-regulated, -related, and -signature genes was increased in the active phase of SLE. Pathway network analyses suggested that these IRF-related genes are regulated through the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway. JAK/STAT pathway-mediated regulation of IRF-related genes may have an important role in the disease activity of SLE. Inhibitors of JAK/STAT cascade may be useful as therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kawasaki
- Institute for Environmental and Gender Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
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Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease of unclear etiology that affects mostly women of childbearing age. Profound abnormalities in both innate and adaptive immunity triggered by genetic and environmental factors are well documented to play an important part in the pathogenesis of SLE. Nonetheless, the role of neutrophils--the most abundant immune cell type--in the pathology of this disease has been unclear. Over the past decade, compelling evidence has emerged that implicates neutrophils in the initiation and perpetuation of SLE and also in the resultant organ damage frequently observed in patients with this disease. SLE-derived low-density granulocytes (LDGs) induce vascular damage and synthesize increased amounts of type I interferons and, as such, could play a prominent part in the pathogenesis of SLE. Furthermore, increased cell death and enhanced extracellular trap formation observed in SLE-derived neutrophils might have key roles in the induction of autoimmunity and the development of organ damage in patients with SLE. Together, these events could have significant deleterious effects and promote aberrant immune responses in this disease. This Review highlights the role of neutrophils in the pathogenesis of SLE, with a particular focus on the putative deleterious effects of LDGs and neutrophil extracellular trap formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana J Kaplan
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, 1150 W Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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Villanueva E, Yalavarthi S, Berthier CC, Hodgin JB, Khandpur R, Lin AM, Rubin CJ, Zhao W, Olsen SH, Klinker M, Shealy D, Denny MF, Plumas J, Chaperot L, Kretzler M, Bruce AT, Kaplan MJ. Netting neutrophils induce endothelial damage, infiltrate tissues, and expose immunostimulatory molecules in systemic lupus erythematosus. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2011; 187:538-52. [PMID: 21613614 PMCID: PMC3119769 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1100450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 888] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
An abnormal neutrophil subset has been identified in the PBMC fractions from lupus patients. We have proposed that these low-density granulocytes (LDGs) play an important role in lupus pathogenesis by damaging endothelial cells and synthesizing increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines and type I IFNs. To directly establish LDGs as a distinct neutrophil subset, their gene array profiles were compared with those of autologous normal-density neutrophils and control neutrophils. LDGs significantly overexpress mRNA of various immunostimulatory bactericidal proteins and alarmins, relative to lupus and control neutrophils. In contrast, gene profiles of lupus normal-density neutrophils do not differ from those of controls. LDGs have heightened capacity to synthesize neutrophils extracellular traps (NETs), which display increased externalization of bactericidal, immunostimulatory proteins, and autoantigens, including LL-37, IL-17, and dsDNA. Through NETosis, LDGs have increased capacity to kill endothelial cells and to stimulate IFN-α synthesis by plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Affected skin and kidneys from lupus patients are infiltrated by netting neutrophils, which expose LL-37 and dsDNA. Tissue NETosis is associated with increased anti-dsDNA in sera. These results expand the potential pathogenic roles of aberrant lupus neutrophils and suggest that dysregulation of NET formation and its subsequent responses may play a prominent deleterious role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eneida Villanueva
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, U.S.A
| | - Srilakshmi Yalavarthi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, U.S.A
| | - Celine C. Berthier
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, U.S.A
| | - Jeffrey B. Hodgin
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, U.S.A
| | - Ritika Khandpur
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, U.S.A
| | - Andrew M. Lin
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, U.S.A
| | - Cory J. Rubin
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, U.S.A
| | - Wenpu Zhao
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, U.S.A
| | - Stephen H. Olsen
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, U.S.A
| | - Matthew Klinker
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, U.S.A
| | - David Shealy
- Centocor Research & Development, Radnor, PA, U.S.A; and 6- Universite Joseph Fourier, Grenoble
| | - Michael F. Denny
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, U.S.A
| | - Joel Plumas
- INSERM U823, Immunobiologie et Immunotherapie des Cancers, La Tronche;Etablissement Francais du Sang (EFS) Rhone-Alpes, Laboratoire R&D, La Tronche, France
| | - Laurence Chaperot
- INSERM U823, Immunobiologie et Immunotherapie des Cancers, La Tronche;Etablissement Francais du Sang (EFS) Rhone-Alpes, Laboratoire R&D, La Tronche, France
| | - Matthias Kretzler
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, U.S.A
| | - Allen T. Bruce
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, U.S.A
| | - Mariana J. Kaplan
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, U.S.A
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Nakou M, Bertsias G, Stagakis I, Centola M, Tassiulas I, Hatziapostolou M, Kritikos I, Goulielmos G, Boumpas DT, Iliopoulos D. Gene network analysis of bone marrow mononuclear cells reveals activation of multiple kinase pathways in human systemic lupus erythematosus. PLoS One 2010; 5:e13351. [PMID: 20976278 PMCID: PMC2954787 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0013351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2010] [Accepted: 09/20/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gene profiling studies provide important information for key molecules relevant to a disease but are less informative of protein-protein interactions, post-translational modifications and regulation by targeted subcellular localization. Integration of genomic data and construction of functional gene networks may provide additional insights into complex diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methodology/Principal Findings We analyzed gene expression microarray data of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs) from 20 SLE patients (11 with active disease) and 10 controls. Gene networks were constructed using the bioinformatic tool Ingenuity Gene Network Analysis. In SLE patients, comparative analysis of BMMCs genes revealed a network with 19 central nodes as major gene regulators including ERK, JNK, and p38 MAP kinases, insulin, Ca2+ and STAT3. Comparison between active versus inactive SLE identified 30 central nodes associated with immune response, protein synthesis, and post-transcriptional modification. A high degree of identity between networks in active SLE and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) patients was found, with overlapping central nodes including kinases (MAPK, ERK, JNK, PKC), transcription factors (NF-kappaB, STAT3), and insulin. In validation studies, western blot analysis in splenic B cells from 5-month-old NZB/NZW F1 lupus mice showed activation of STAT3, ITGB2, HSPB1, ERK, JNK, p38, and p32 kinases, and downregulation of FOXO3 and VDR compared to normal C57Bl/6 mice. Conclusions/Significance Gene network analysis of lupus BMMCs identified central gene regulators implicated in disease pathogenesis which could represent targets of novel therapies in human SLE. The high similarity between active SLE and NHL networks provides a molecular basis for the reported association of the former with lymphoid malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalene Nakou
- Division of Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Crete Medical School, Heraklion, Greece
| | - George Bertsias
- Division of Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Crete Medical School, Heraklion, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Ilias Stagakis
- Division of Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Crete Medical School, Heraklion, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Michael Centola
- Microarray Research Facility, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Ioannis Tassiulas
- Division of Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Crete Medical School, Heraklion, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Maria Hatziapostolou
- Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Iraklis Kritikos
- Division of Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Crete Medical School, Heraklion, Greece
| | - George Goulielmos
- Division of Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Crete Medical School, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Dimitrios T. Boumpas
- Division of Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Crete Medical School, Heraklion, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Iliopoulos
- Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Chaussabel D, Pascual V, Banchereau J. Assessing the human immune system through blood transcriptomics. BMC Biol 2010; 8:84. [PMID: 20619006 PMCID: PMC2895587 DOI: 10.1186/1741-7007-8-84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2010] [Accepted: 06/15/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood is the pipeline of the immune system. Assessing changes in transcript abundance in blood on a genome-wide scale affords a comprehensive view of the status of the immune system in health and disease. This review summarizes the work that has used this approach to identify therapeutic targets and biomarker signatures in the field of autoimmunity and infectious disease. Recent technological and methodological advances that will carry the blood transcriptome research field forward are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Chaussabel
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research and Baylor Research Institute, 3434 Live Oak, Dallas, TX 75204, USA
| | - Virginia Pascual
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research and Baylor Research Institute, 3434 Live Oak, Dallas, TX 75204, USA
| | - Jacques Banchereau
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research and Baylor Research Institute, 3434 Live Oak, Dallas, TX 75204, USA
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Cheadle C, Berger AE, Andrade F, James R, Johnson K, Watkins T, Park JK, Chen YC, Ehrlich E, Mullins M, Chrest F, Barnes KC, Levine SM. Transcription of proteinase 3 and related myelopoiesis genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with active Wegener's granulomatosis. ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM 2010; 62:1744-54. [PMID: 20155833 PMCID: PMC2887718 DOI: 10.1002/art.27398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) is a systemic inflammatory disease that is associated with substantial morbidity. The aim of this study was to understand the biology underlying WG and to discover markers of disease activity that would be useful for prognosis and treatment guidance. METHODS Gene expression profiling was performed using total RNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and granulocyte fractions from 41 patients with WG and 23 healthy control subjects. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to search for candidate WG-associated molecular pathways and disease activity biomarkers. Principal components analysis was used to visualize relationships between subgroups of WG patients and controls. Longitudinal changes in proteinase 3 (PR3) gene expression were evaluated using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and clinical outcomes, including remission status and disease activity, were determined using the Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score for WG (BVAS-WG). RESULTS Eighty-six genes in WG PBMCs and 40 in WG polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) were significantly up-regulated relative to controls. Genes up-regulated in WG PBMCs were involved in myeloid differentiation, and these included the WG autoantigen PR3. The coordinated regulation of myeloid differentiation genes was confirmed by GSEA. The median expression values of the 86 up-regulated genes in WG PBMCs were associated with disease activity (P = 1.3 x 10(-4)), and WG patients with low-level expression of the WG signature genes showed expression profiles that were only modestly different from that in healthy controls (P = 0.07). PR3 transcription was significantly up-regulated in WG PBMCs (P = 1.3 x 10(-5), false discovery rate [FDR] 0.002), but not in WG PMNs (P = 0.03, FDR 0.28), and a preliminary longitudinal analysis showed that the fold change in PR3 RNA levels in WG PBMCs corresponded to changes in the BVAS-WG score over time. CONCLUSION Transcription of PR3 and related myeloid differentiation genes in PBMCs may represent novel markers of disease activity in WG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Cheadle
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Fransen JH, van der Vlag J, Ruben J, Adema GJ, Berden JH, Hilbrands LB. The role of dendritic cells in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Res Ther 2010; 12:207. [PMID: 20423534 PMCID: PMC2888204 DOI: 10.1186/ar2966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The etiology of the autoimmune disease systemic lupus erythematosus is not known, but aberrant apoptosis and/or insufficient clearance of apoptotic material have been assigned a pivotal role. During apoptosis, nucleosomes and several endogenous danger-associated molecular patterns are incorporated in blebs. Recent data indicate that apoptotic blebs induce maturation of myeloid dendritic cells, resulting in IL-17 production by T cells. In this review we summarize current knowledge on the role of dendritic cells in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus with special emphasis on the uptake of apoptotic blebs by dendritic cells, and the subsequent induction of Th17 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin H Fransen
- Nephrology Research Laboratory, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Department of Nephrology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Ho JWK, Lin MW, Braet F, Su YY, Adelstein S, dos Remedios CG. Customising an antibody leukocyte capture microarray for systemic lupus erythematosus: beyond biomarker discovery. Proteomics Clin Appl 2009; 4:179-89. [PMID: 21137042 DOI: 10.1002/prca.200900165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2009] [Revised: 08/10/2009] [Accepted: 09/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease that has heterogeneous clinical manifestation with diverse patterns of organ involvement, autoantibody profiles and varying degrees of severity of disease. Research and clinical experience indicate that different subtypes of SLE patients will likely benefit from more tailored treatment regimes, but we currently lack a fast and objective test with high enough sensitivity to enable us to perform such sub-grouping for clinical use. In this article, we review how proteomic technologies could be used as such an objective test. In particular, we extensively review many leukocyte surface markers that are known to have an association with the pathogenesis of SLE, and we discuss how these markers can be used in the further development of a novel SLE-specific antibody leukocyte capture microarray. In addition, we review some bioinformatics challenges and current methods for using the data generated by these cell-capture microarrays in clinical use. In a broader context, we hope our experience in developing a disease specific cell-capture microarray for clinical application can be a guide to other proteomic practitioners who intend to extend their technologies to develop clinical diagnostic and prognostic tests for complex diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua W K Ho
- Muscle Research Unit, Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Nakou M, Katsikas G, Sidiropoulos P, Bertsias G, Papadimitraki E, Raptopoulou A, Koutala H, Papadaki HA, Kritikos H, Boumpas DT. Rituximab therapy reduces activated B cells in both the peripheral blood and bone marrow of patients with rheumatoid arthritis: depletion of memory B cells correlates with clinical response. Arthritis Res Ther 2009; 11:R131. [PMID: 19715572 PMCID: PMC2745815 DOI: 10.1186/ar2798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2009] [Revised: 06/30/2009] [Accepted: 08/28/2009] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Bone marrow (BM) is an immunologically privileged site where activated autoantibody-producing B cells may survive for prolonged periods. We investigated the effect of rituximab (anti-CD20 mAb) in peripheral blood (PB) and BM B-cell and T-cell populations in active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Methods Active RA patients received rituximab (1,000 mg) on days 1 and 15. PB (n = 11) and BM (n = 8) aspirates were collected at baseline and at 3 months. We assessed B-cell and T-cell populations using triple-color flow cytometry. Results Rituximab therapy decreased PB (from a mean 2% to 0.9%, P = 0.022) but not BM (from 4.6% to 3.8%, P = 0.273) CD19+ B cells, associated with a significant reduction in the activated CD19+HLA-DR+ subset both in PB (from 55% to 19%, P = 0.007) and in BM (from 68% to 19%, P = 0.007). Response to rituximab was preceded by a significant decrease in PB and BM CD19+CD27+ memory B cells (P = 0.022). These effects were specific to rituximab since anti-TNF therapy did not reduce total or activated B cells. Rituximab therapy did not alter the number of activated CD4+HLA-DR+ and CD4+CD25+ T cells. Conclusions Rituximab therapy preferentially depletes activated CD19+HLA-DR+ B cells in the PB and BM of active RA patients. Clinical response to rituximab is associated with depletion of CD19+CD27+ memory B cells in PB and BM of RA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Nakou
- Department of Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Crete, Medical School, Voutes, Heraklion, Greece.
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