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Martinez Valenzuela L, Vidal-Alabró A, Rubio B, Antón-Pàmpols P, Gómez-Preciado F, Fulladosa X, Cruzado JM, Torras J, Lloberas N, Draibe J. Evaluating Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Inflammasome Proteins and Serum Levels of IL-18 and IL-1β in Kidney Interstitial Damage in Anti-Neutrophilic Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6479. [PMID: 38928186 PMCID: PMC11203640 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The inflammasome regulates the innate inflammatory response and is involved in autoimmune diseases. In this study, we explored the levels of IL-18 and IL-1β in serum and urine and the influence of various single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on kidney lesions at diagnosis in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) and their clinical outcomes. Ninety-two patients with renal AAV were recruited, and blood and urine were collected at diagnosis. Serum and urine cytokine levels were measured by ELISA. DNA was extracted and genotyped using TaqMan assays for SNPs in several inflammasome genes. Lower serum IL-18 (p = 0.049) and the IL-18 rs187238 G-carrier genotype (p = 0.042) were associated with severe fibrosis. The IL-18 rs1946518 TT genotype was associated with an increased risk of relapse (p = 0.05), whereas GG was related to better renal outcomes (p = 0.031). The rs187238 GG genotype was identified as a risk factor for mortality within the first year after AAV diagnosis, independent of the requirement for dialysis or lung involvement (p = 0.013). We suggest that decreased cytokine levels could be a surrogate marker of scarring and chronicity of the renal lesions, together with the rs187238 GG genotype. If our results are validated, the rs1946518 TT genotype predicts the risk of relapse and renal outcomes during follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Martinez Valenzuela
- Nephrology Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Anna Vidal-Alabró
- Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Bellvitge Campus, University of Barcelona, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Belén Rubio
- Nephrology Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Paula Antón-Pàmpols
- Nephrology Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | | | - Xavier Fulladosa
- Nephrology Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Bellvitge Campus, University of Barcelona, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Josep Maria Cruzado
- Nephrology Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Bellvitge Campus, University of Barcelona, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Juan Torras
- Nephrology Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Bellvitge Campus, University of Barcelona, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Nuria Lloberas
- Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Bellvitge Campus, University of Barcelona, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Juliana Draibe
- Nephrology Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
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Neamțu M, Bild V, Vasincu A, Arcan OD, Bulea D, Ababei DC, Rusu RN, Macadan I, Sciucă AM, Neamțu A. Inflammasome Molecular Insights in Autoimmune Diseases. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:3502-3532. [PMID: 38666950 PMCID: PMC11048795 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46040220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases (AIDs) emerge due to an irregular immune response towards self- and non-self-antigens. Inflammation commonly accompanies these conditions, with inflammatory factors and inflammasomes playing pivotal roles in their progression. Key concepts in molecular biology, inflammation, and molecular mimicry are crucial to understanding AID development. Exposure to foreign antigens can cause inflammation, potentially leading to AIDs through molecular mimicry triggered by cross-reactive epitopes. Molecular mimicry emerges as a key mechanism by which infectious or chemical agents trigger autoimmunity. In certain susceptible individuals, autoreactive T or B cells may be activated by a foreign antigen due to resemblances between foreign and self-peptides. Chronic inflammation, typically driven by abnormal immune responses, is strongly associated with AID pathogenesis. Inflammasomes, which are vital cytosolic multiprotein complexes assembled in response to infections and stress, are crucial to activating inflammatory processes in macrophages. Chronic inflammation, characterized by prolonged tissue injury and repair cycles, can significantly damage tissues, thereby increasing the risk of AIDs. Inhibiting inflammasomes, particularly in autoinflammatory disorders, has garnered significant interest, with pharmaceutical advancements targeting cytokines and inflammasomes showing promise in AID management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Neamțu
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Clinical Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.N.); (V.B.); (O.D.A.); (D.B.); (D.-C.A.); (R.-N.R.); (I.M.)
| | - Veronica Bild
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Clinical Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.N.); (V.B.); (O.D.A.); (D.B.); (D.-C.A.); (R.-N.R.); (I.M.)
- Center of Biomedical Research of the Romanian Academy, 8 Carol I Avenue, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alexandru Vasincu
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Clinical Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.N.); (V.B.); (O.D.A.); (D.B.); (D.-C.A.); (R.-N.R.); (I.M.)
| | - Oana Dana Arcan
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Clinical Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.N.); (V.B.); (O.D.A.); (D.B.); (D.-C.A.); (R.-N.R.); (I.M.)
| | - Delia Bulea
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Clinical Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.N.); (V.B.); (O.D.A.); (D.B.); (D.-C.A.); (R.-N.R.); (I.M.)
| | - Daniela-Carmen Ababei
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Clinical Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.N.); (V.B.); (O.D.A.); (D.B.); (D.-C.A.); (R.-N.R.); (I.M.)
| | - Răzvan-Nicolae Rusu
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Clinical Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.N.); (V.B.); (O.D.A.); (D.B.); (D.-C.A.); (R.-N.R.); (I.M.)
| | - Ioana Macadan
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Clinical Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.N.); (V.B.); (O.D.A.); (D.B.); (D.-C.A.); (R.-N.R.); (I.M.)
| | - Ana Maria Sciucă
- Department of Oral Medicine, Oral Dermatology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Andrei Neamțu
- Department of Physiology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
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Sundaram B, Tweedell RE, Prasanth Kumar S, Kanneganti TD. The NLR family of innate immune and cell death sensors. Immunity 2024; 57:674-699. [PMID: 38599165 PMCID: PMC11112261 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors, also known as nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLRs), are a family of cytosolic pattern recognition receptors that detect a wide variety of pathogenic and sterile triggers. Activation of specific NLRs initiates pro- or anti-inflammatory signaling cascades and the formation of inflammasomes-multi-protein complexes that induce caspase-1 activation to drive inflammatory cytokine maturation and lytic cell death, pyroptosis. Certain NLRs and inflammasomes act as integral components of larger cell death complexes-PANoptosomes-driving another form of lytic cell death, PANoptosis. Here, we review the current understanding of the evolution, structure, and function of NLRs in health and disease. We discuss the concept of NLR networks and their roles in driving cell death and immunity. An improved mechanistic understanding of NLRs may provide therapeutic strategies applicable across infectious and inflammatory diseases and in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balamurugan Sundaram
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Rebecca E Tweedell
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
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Yu G, Choi YK, Lee S. Inflammasome diversity: exploring novel frontiers in the innate immune response. Trends Immunol 2024; 45:248-258. [PMID: 38519271 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2024.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Pathogens elicit complex mammalian immune responses by activating multiple sensors within inflammasomes, which recognize diverse pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). This simultaneous activation induces the formation of protein complexes referred to as multiple inflammasomes, that orchestrate a spectrum of programmed cell death pathways, including pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis. This concept is crucial for comprehending the complexity of the innate immune system's response to diverse pathogens and its implications for various diseases. Novel contributions here include emphasizing simultaneous sensor activation by pathogens, proposing the existence of multiple inflammasome complexes, and advocating for further exploration of their structural basis. Understanding these mechanisms may offer insights into disease pathogenesis, paving the way for potential therapeutic interventions targeting inflammasome-mediated immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyeongju Yu
- Department of Biological Science, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ki Choi
- Center for Study of Emerging and Re-emerging Viruses, Korea Virus Research Institute, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - SangJoon Lee
- Department of Biological Science, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of Health Science and Technology, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, Republic of Korea.
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Lemus-Arteaga K, Ballona-Chambergo R, Córdova-Calderón W, Ventura-León A, Torrelo A, Velásquez-Valderrama F. NLRP1-associated autoinflammatory disease with epithelial dyskeratosis. Pediatr Dermatol 2024; 41:279-283. [PMID: 38044752 DOI: 10.1111/pde.15464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Several gain-of-function variants in NLRP1 cause a distinctive autoinflammatory disease reported under different names featuring mainly skin and mucosal involvement and variable systemic signs. Here, we report a new case of NLRP1-associated autoinflammatory disease in a 6-year-old Peruvian girl, who presented with confluent hyperkeratotic plaques that drained purulent material with subsequent scarring. A c.3641C > G (p. Pro1214Arg) variant that has been previously been reported was found in NLRP1 and was not present in either parent. The term NLRP1-associated autoinflammatory disease with epithelial dyskeratosis (NADED) is proposed to encompass all reported cases, which have received different nomenclature so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Lemus-Arteaga
- Pediatric dermatology, Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño-Breña, Lima, Peru
- Asociación de Médicos Residentes del Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño (AMERINSN), Lima, Peru
- Pediatric dermatology, Scientia Clinical and Epidemiological Research Institute, Trujillo, Peru
| | - Rosalía Ballona-Chambergo
- Pediatric dermatology, Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño-Breña, Lima, Peru
- Department of Pediatric Dermatology, Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño-Breña, Lima, Peru
| | - Wilmer Córdova-Calderón
- Pediatric dermatology, Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño-Breña, Lima, Peru
- Department of Asthma, Immunology and Allergology, Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño, Lima, Peru
| | - Alex Ventura-León
- Pediatric dermatology, Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Pathological Anatomy, Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia. San Martìn de Porres, Lima, Peru
| | - Antonio Torrelo
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Madrid, Spain
| | - Felipe Velásquez-Valderrama
- Pediatric dermatology, Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño-Breña, Lima, Peru
- Department of Pediatric Dermatology, Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño-Breña, Lima, Peru
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Li H, Wang R, Wei X, Zhang C, Pei W, Zhang X, Yang Z, Li Z, Zhang Y, Shi Y, Wang Y, Wang X. GSTP1 rs4147581 C>G and NLRP3 rs3806265 T>C as Risk Factors for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Case-Control Study. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2024; 19:489-500. [PMID: 38410140 PMCID: PMC10896110 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s445680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic respiratory ailment influenced by a blend of genetic and environmental factors. Inflammatory response and an imbalance in oxidative-antioxidant mechanisms constitute the primary pathogenesis of COPD. Glutathione S-transferase P1(GSTP1) plays a pivotal role as an antioxidant enzyme in regulating oxidative-antioxidant responses in the pulmonary system. The activation of the NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain (NLRP3) inflammatory vesicle can trigger an inflammatory response. Several investigations have implicated GSTP1 and NLRP3 in the progression of COPD; nonetheless, there remains debate regarding this mechanism. Methods Employing a case-control study design, 312 individuals diagnosed with COPD and 314 healthy controls were recruited from Gansu Province to evaluate the correlation between GSTP1 (rs4147581C>G and rs1695A>G) and NLRP3 (rs3806265T>C and rs10754558G>C) polymorphisms and the susceptibility to COPD. Results The presence of the GSTP1 rs4147581G allele substantially elevated the susceptibility to COPD (CGvs.CC:OR=3.11,95% CI=1.961-4.935, P<0.001;GGvs.CC:OR=2.065,95% CI=1.273-3.350, P=0.003; CG+GGvs.CC:OR=2.594,95% CI=1.718-3.916, P<0.001). Similarly, the NLRP3rs3806265T allele significantly increased the susceptibility to COPD (TC:TT:OR=0.432,95% CI=0.296-0.630; TC+CCvs.TT:OR=2.132,95% CI=1.479-3.074, P<0.001). However, no statistically significant association was discerned between the rs1695A>G and rs10754558G>C polymorphisms and COPD susceptibility (P>0.05). Conclusion In summary, this study ascertained that the GSTP1 rs4147581C>G polymorphism is associated with increased COPD susceptibility, with the G allele elevating the risk of COPD. Similarly, the NLRP3 rs3806265T>C polymorphism is linked to elevated COPD susceptibility, with the T allele heightening the risk of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honge Li
- Institute of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Raorao Wang
- Institute of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xueyan Wei
- Institute of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Zhang
- Institute of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenhui Pei
- Institute of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuhui Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Institute of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuhuan Zhang
- Institute of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanli Shi
- Institute of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunchao Wang
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinhua Wang
- Institute of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
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Shin JM, Kim KM, Choi MS, Park S, Hong D, Jung KE, Seo YJ, Kim CD, Yang H, Lee Y. The crosstalk between PTEN-induced kinase 1-mediated mitophagy and the inflammasome in the pathogenesis of alopecia areata. Exp Dermatol 2024; 33:e14844. [PMID: 37264692 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Alopecia areata (AA) is a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease that causes chronic, relapsing hair loss; however, its precise pathogenesis remains to be elucidated. Recent studies have provided compelling evidence of crosstalk between inflammasomes and mitophagy-a process that contributes to the removal of damaged mitochondria. Our previous studies showed that the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is important for eliciting and progressing inflammation in AA. In this study, we detected mitochondrial DNA damage in AA-affected scalp tissues and IFNγ and poly(I:C) treated outer root sheath (ORS) cells. In addition, IFNγ and poly(I:C) treatment increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in ORS cells. Moreover, we showed that mitophagy induction alleviates IFNγ and poly(I:C)-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation in ORS cells. Lastly, PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) knockdown increased NLRP3 inflammasome activation, indicating that PINK1-mediated mitophagy plays a critical role in NLRP3 inflammasome activation in ORS cells. This study supports previous studies showing that oxidative stress disrupts immune privilege status and promotes autoimmunity in AA. The results emphasize the significance of crosstalk between mitophagy and inflammasomes in the pathogenesis of AA. Finally, mitophagy factors regulating mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibiting inflammasome activation could be novel therapeutic targets for AA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Min Shin
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kyung Min Kim
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Mi Soo Choi
- Department of Dermatology, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Sanghyun Park
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Dongkyun Hong
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kyung-Eun Jung
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Young-Joon Seo
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Chang Deok Kim
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hanseul Yang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea
| | - Young Lee
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
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Jiang Q, Wang X, Xu X, Hu L, Zhou G, Liu R, Yang G, Cui D. Inflammasomes in rheumatoid arthritis: a pilot study. BMC Rheumatol 2023; 7:39. [PMID: 37899476 PMCID: PMC10614352 DOI: 10.1186/s41927-023-00353-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The inflammasome plays an important role in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which has rarely been systematically reported. The aim of this study was to understand whether the levels of inflammasomes were related to the severity of RA disease, which might provide a stronger theoretical basis for RA treatment. METHODS The mRNA expression levels of some inflammasomes and associated molecules, including IL-1beta and IL-18, in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 30 RA patients (n = 30) and 16 healthy control (HC) individuals were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‒PCR), and the levels of plasma IL-1beta and IL-18 were also measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Moreover, the clinical characteristics and laboratory results of the patients were collected and analyzed in this study. RESULTS The relative mRNA expression levels of NLRP3, NLRC4, AIM2, caspase-1, and IL-1beta were significantly higher and those of NLRP1, NLRP2 and NLRC5 were notably lower in the HC group than in the RA group. Moreover, the plasma IL-1beta and IL-18 levels were markedly increased in the RA group. Additionally, the mRNA level of AIM2 was negatively correlated with disease activity score 28 (DAS28) by stepwise linear regression analysis. erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was positively correlated with DAS28 by multiple linear regression analysis in the RA group. CONCLUSIONS These findings imply the critical role of NLRP3, NLRC4, AIM2, caspase-1 and plasma IL-1beta and IL-18 in the pathogenesis of RA patients, which provides potential targets for the treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Jiang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Xiuping Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Liangfeng Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Guozhong Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, 215009, China.
| | - Guocan Yang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, 312000, China.
| | - Dawei Cui
- Department of Blood Transfusion, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
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Chou WC, Jha S, Linhoff MW, Ting JPY. The NLR gene family: from discovery to present day. Nat Rev Immunol 2023; 23:635-654. [PMID: 36973360 PMCID: PMC11171412 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-023-00849-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian NLR gene family was first reported over 20 years ago, although several genes that were later grouped into the family were already known at that time. Although it is widely known that NLRs include inflammasome receptors and/or sensors that promote the maturation of caspase 1, IL-1β, IL-18 and gasdermin D to drive inflammation and cell death, the other functions of NLR family members are less well appreciated by the scientific community. Examples include MHC class II transactivator (CIITA), a master transcriptional activator of MHC class II genes, which was the first mammalian NBD-LRR-containing protein to be identified, and NLRC5, which regulates the expression of MHC class I genes. Other NLRs govern key inflammatory signalling pathways or interferon responses, and several NLR family members serve as negative regulators of innate immune responses. Multiple NLRs regulate the balance of cell death, cell survival, autophagy, mitophagy and even cellular metabolism. Perhaps the least discussed group of NLRs are those with functions in the mammalian reproductive system. The focus of this Review is to provide a synopsis of the NLR family, including both the intensively studied and the underappreciated members. We focus on the function, structure and disease relevance of NLRs and highlight issues that have received less attention in the NLR field. We hope this may serve as an impetus for future research on the conventional and non-conventional roles of NLRs within and beyond the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chun Chou
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Sushmita Jha
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, India
| | - Michael W Linhoff
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Jenny P-Y Ting
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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10
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Bulté D, Rigamonti C, Romano A, Mortellaro A. Inflammasomes: Mechanisms of Action and Involvement in Human Diseases. Cells 2023; 12:1766. [PMID: 37443800 PMCID: PMC10340308 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammasome complexes and their integral receptor proteins have essential roles in regulating the innate immune response and inflammation at the post-translational level. Yet despite their protective role, aberrant activation of inflammasome proteins and gain of function mutations in inflammasome component genes seem to contribute to the development and progression of human autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases. In the past decade, our understanding of inflammasome biology and activation mechanisms has greatly progressed. We therefore provide an up-to-date overview of the various inflammasomes and their known mechanisms of action. In addition, we highlight the involvement of various inflammasomes and their pathogenic mechanisms in common autoinflammatory, autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases, including atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, inflammatory bowel disease, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis. We conclude by speculating on the future avenues of research needed to better understand the roles of inflammasomes in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri Bulté
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy; (D.B.); (C.R.); (A.R.)
| | - Chiara Rigamonti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy; (D.B.); (C.R.); (A.R.)
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Romano
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy; (D.B.); (C.R.); (A.R.)
| | - Alessandra Mortellaro
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy; (D.B.); (C.R.); (A.R.)
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11
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Almeida-da-Silva CLC, Savio LEB, Coutinho-Silva R, Ojcius DM. The role of NOD-like receptors in innate immunity. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1122586. [PMID: 37006312 PMCID: PMC10050748 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1122586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The innate immune system in vertebrates and invertebrates relies on conserved receptors and ligands, and pathways that can rapidly initiate the host response against microbial infection and other sources of stress and danger. Research into the family of NOD-like receptors (NLRs) has blossomed over the past two decades, with much being learned about the ligands and conditions that stimulate the NLRs and the outcomes of NLR activation in cells and animals. The NLRs play key roles in diverse functions, ranging from transcription of MHC molecules to initiation of inflammation. Some NLRs are activated directly by their ligands, while other ligands may have indirect effects on the NLRs. New findings in coming years will undoubtedly shed more light on molecular details involved in NLR activation, as well as the physiological and immunological outcomes of NLR ligation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cássio Luiz Coutinho Almeida-da-Silva
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Cássio Luiz Coutinho Almeida-da-Silva, ; David M. Ojcius,
| | - Luiz Eduardo Baggio Savio
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Robson Coutinho-Silva
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - David M. Ojcius
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Cássio Luiz Coutinho Almeida-da-Silva, ; David M. Ojcius,
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12
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Tsai BY, Tsai PJ, Lee CC, Chiu CW, Lai YH, Lee JC, Ko WC, Hung YP. Association of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Nucleotide-Binding Domain Leucine-Rich Repeat Protein 1 with Clostridioides difficile Colonization or Infection. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:413-421. [PMID: 36718463 PMCID: PMC9883994 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s392510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat protein (NLRP) is critical in the inflammasome-activation pathway, which is important for host survival and the clearance of Clostridioides difficile. Therefore, the influence of NLRP1 polymorphisms on C. difficile colonization (CdC) or infection (CDI) was analyzed. Materials and Methods A prospective cohort study consisted of hospitalized adults was conducted from January 2011 to January 2013. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of NLRP1, including rs12150220, rs2670660, rs6502867, rs878329, rs8182352, rs3744717, and rs11078571, were incorporating in analyses. The episodes of CdC and CDI were the primary and secondary outcome, respectively. Results Of the total of 509 eligible patients, 376 (73.9%) had neither CdC nor CDI, 104 (21.8%) had CdC without developing CDI, and 29 (4.3%) developed CDI during the study period. Through multivariate analyses, comorbid diabetes mellitus (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.59, P=0.04) and CC genotype in NLRP1 rs3744717 (AOR 1.70, P=0.02) were recognized as the risk factor of CdC. After adjusting the independent predictors of CDI, in terms of comorbid diabetes mellitus (AOR 3.18, P=0.005) and prior exposure to ceftazidime/ceftriaxone (AOR 2.87, P=0.04) or proton pump inhibitors (AOR 3.86, P=0.001), patients with CC+GC genotype in NLRP1, rs878329 (AOR 2.39, P=0.03) remained a higher risk of CDI. Conclusion For hospitalized adults, the association of CC genotype in NLRP1 rs3744717 and CdC as well as the CC+GC genotype in NLRP1 rs878329 and CDI was respectively evidenced. We believed the prompt identification of patients having specific genotype in NLRP1 would prevent and improve the quality of care in CDI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Yang Tsai
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jane Tsai
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan,Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan,Centers of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chi Lee
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan,Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Wei Chiu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tainan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsin Lai
- Centers of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Chieh Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chien Ko
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan,Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Pin Hung
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan,Department of Internal Medicine, Tainan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Tainan, Taiwan,Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan,Department of Microbiology & Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan,Correspondence: Yuan-Pin Hung; Wen-Chien Ko, Department of Internal Medicine, Tainan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Tainan, Taiwan, Email ;
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13
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Li J, Cui Y, Jin X, Ruan H, He D, Che X, Gao J, Zhang H, Guo J, Zhang J. Significance of pyroptosis-related gene in the diagnosis and classification of rheumatoid arthritis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1144250. [PMID: 37008939 PMCID: PMC10057543 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1144250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease, is often characterized by persistent morning stiffness, joint pain, and swelling. Early diagnosis and timely treatment of RA can effectively delay the progression of the condition and significantly reduce the incidence of disability. In the study, we explored the function of pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) in the diagnosis and classification of rheumatoid arthritis based on Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets. METHOD We downloaded the GSE93272 dataset from the GEO database, which contains 35 healthy controls and 67 RA patients. Firstly, the GSE93272 was normalized by the R software "limma" package. Then, we screened PRGs by SVM-RFE, LASSO, and RF algorithms. To further investigate the prevalence of RA, we established a nomogram model. Besides, we grouped gene expression profiles into two clusters and explored their relationship with infiltrating immune cells. Finally, we analyzed the relationship between the two clusters and the cytokines. RESULT CHMP3, TP53, AIM2, NLRP1, and PLCG1 were identified as PRGs. The nomogram model revealed that decision-making based on established model might be beneficial for RA patients, and the predictive power of the nomogram model was significant. In addition, we identified two different pyroptosis patterns (pyroptosis clusters A and B) based on the 5 PRGs. We found that eosinophil, gamma delta T cell, macrophage, natural killer cell, regulatory T cell, type 17 T helper cell, and type 2 T helper cell were significant high expressed in cluster B. And, we identified gene clusters A and B based on 56 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between pyroptosis cluster A and B. And we calculated the pyroptosis score for each sample to quantify the different patterns. The patients in pyroptosis cluster B or gene cluster B had higher pyroptosis scores than those in pyroptosis cluster A or gene cluster A. CONCLUSION In summary, PRGs play vital roles in the development and occurrence of RA. Our findings might provide novel views for the immunotherapy strategies with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hangzhou Ninth People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongfeng Cui
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hangzhou Ninth People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hangzhou Ninth People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongfeng Ruan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hangzhou Ninth People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University of Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dongan He
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hangzhou Ninth People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoqian Che
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hangzhou Ninth People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiawei Gao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hangzhou Ninth People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haiming Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hangzhou Ninth People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Haiming Zhang, ; Jiandong Guo, ; Jinxi Zhang,
| | - Jiandong Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hangzhou Ninth People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Haiming Zhang, ; Jiandong Guo, ; Jinxi Zhang,
| | - Jinxi Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hangzhou Ninth People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Haiming Zhang, ; Jiandong Guo, ; Jinxi Zhang,
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14
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Yang G, Kang HC, Cho YY, Lee HS, Lee JY. Inflammasomes and their roles in arthritic disease pathogenesis. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:1027917. [PMID: 36387275 PMCID: PMC9650081 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1027917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The inflammasome is a molecular platform that is created in the cytosolic compartment to mediate the host immunological response to cellular injury and infection. Caspase-1 may be activated by the inflammasome, which leads to the generation of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18 and the beginning of pyroptosis, which is a type of proinflammatory cell death. Scientists have identified a number of different inflammasomes in the last 2 decades. The NLRP3 inflammasome has been studied the most, and its activity may be triggered by a broad range of different inducers. However, activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in a manner that is not properly controlled is also a factor in the etiology of many human illnesses. Accumulating evidence indicates that the NLRP3 inflammasome plays a significant role in the innate and adaptive immune systems and the development of various arthritic illnesses, such as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and gout. The present review provides a concise summary of the biological properties of the NLRP3 inflammasome and presents the fundamental processes behind its activation and control. We discuss the role of the inflammasome in the pathogenesis of arthritic diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and gout, and the potential of newly developed therapies that specifically target the inflammasome or its products for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, with a particular emphasis on treatment and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabsik Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Woosuk University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Han Chang Kang
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong-Yeon Cho
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hye Suk Lee
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joo Young Lee
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
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15
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Murase Y, Takeichi T, Koseki J, Miyasaka Y, Muro Y, Ohno T, Shimamura T, Akiyama M. UVB-Induced Skin Autoinflammation Due to Nlrp1b Mutation and Its Inhibition by Anti-IL-1β Antibody. Front Immunol 2022; 13:876390. [PMID: 35784371 PMCID: PMC9248282 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.876390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
NLRP1 (NACHT and leucine-rich repeat-containing protein family, pyrin domain-containing protein 1) is an innate immune sensor that is involved in the formation of inflammasome complexes. NLRP1 hyperactivity has been reported to cause inherited autoinflammatory diseases including familial keratosis lichenoides chronica and NLRP1-associated autoinflammation with arthritis and dyskeratosis. We generated Nlrp1b (the mouse homologue of human NLRP1) gain-of-function knock-in (Nlrp1b KI) mice with UVB irradiation-induced autoinflammatory skin lesions. We demonstrated that UVB irradiation induces IL-1β upregulation and IL-1β-dependent inflammation via caspase-1 activation in these Nlrp1b KI mice. RNA sequencing revealed the upregulation of inflammasome pathway-related genes, keratinocyte stress marker genes, and keratinocyte differentiation marker genes in the Nlrp1b KI mice after UVB irradiation. The skin inflammation and hyperkeratosis from UVB irradiation in the Nlrp1b KI mice were inhibited by both intraperitoneal and subcutaneous administration of anti-IL-1β antibodies before UVB irradiation. UVB irradiation and the IL-1β pathway are important in the pathogenesis of NLRP1-associated autoinflammatory skin lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Murase
- Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takuya Takeichi
- Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Jun Koseki
- Division of Systems Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuki Miyasaka
- Division of Experimental Animals, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Muro
- Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tamio Ohno
- Division of Experimental Animals, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Teppei Shimamura
- Division of Systems Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masashi Akiyama
- Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- *Correspondence: Masashi Akiyama,
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16
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Jiang Q, Wang X, Huang E, Wang Q, Wen C, Yang G, Lu L, Cui D. Inflammasome and Its Therapeutic Targeting in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Immunol 2022; 12:816839. [PMID: 35095918 PMCID: PMC8794704 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.816839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammasome is a cytoplasmic multiprotein complex that facilitates the clearance of exogenous microorganisms or the recognition of endogenous danger signals, which is critically involved in innate inflammatory response. Excessive or abnormal activation of inflammasomes has been shown to contribute to the development of various diseases including autoimmune diseases, neurodegenerative changes, and cancers. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic and complex autoimmune disease, in which inflammasome activation plays a pivotal role in immune dysregulation and joint inflammation. This review summarizes recent findings on inflammasome activation and its effector mechanisms in the pathogenesis of RA and potential development of therapeutic targeting of inflammasome for the immunotherapy of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Jiang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
| | - Enyu Huang
- Department of Pathology and Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Chongqing International Institute for Immunology, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiao Wang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chengping Wen
- School of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guocan Yang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
| | - Liwei Lu
- Department of Pathology and Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Chongqing International Institute for Immunology, Chongqing, China
| | - Dawei Cui
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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17
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Robinson KS, Teo DET, Tan KS, Toh GA, Ong HH, Lim CK, Lay K, Au BV, Lew TS, Chu JJH, Chow VTK, Wang DY, Zhong FL, Reversade B. Enteroviral 3C protease activates the human NLRP1 inflammasome in airway epithelia. Science 2020; 370:eaay2002. [PMID: 33093214 DOI: 10.1126/science.aay2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Immune sensor proteins are critical to the function of the human innate immune system. The full repertoire of cognate triggers for human immune sensors is not fully understood. Here, we report that human NACHT, LRR, and PYD domains-containing protein 1 (NLRP1) is activated by 3C proteases (3Cpros) of enteroviruses, such as human rhinovirus (HRV). 3Cpros directly cleave human NLRP1 at a single site between Glu130 and Gly131 This cleavage triggers N-glycine-mediated degradation of the autoinhibitory NLRP1 N-terminal fragment via the cullinZER1/ZYG11B complex, which liberates the activating C-terminal fragment. Infection of primary human airway epithelial cells by live human HRV triggers NLRP1-dependent inflammasome activation and interleukin-18 secretion. Our findings establish 3Cpros as a pathogen-derived trigger for the human NLRP1 inflammasome and suggest that NLRP1 may contribute to inflammatory diseases of the airway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim S Robinson
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore (SRIS), 8A Biomedical Grove, #06-06 Immunos, 138648, Singapore
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency of Science, Technological and Research, 8A Biomedical Grove, #06-06 Immunos, 138648, Singapore
| | - Daniel Eng Thiam Teo
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, 308232, Singapore
| | - Kai Sen Tan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Infectious Diseases Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, 10 Medical Drive, 117597, Singapore
| | - Gee Ann Toh
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, 308232, Singapore
| | - Hsiao Hui Ong
- Department of Otolaryngology, Infectious Diseases Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, 10 Medical Drive, 117597, Singapore
| | - Chrissie Kaishi Lim
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive, 138673, Singapore
| | - Kenneth Lay
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency of Science, Technological and Research, 8A Biomedical Grove, #06-06 Immunos, 138648, Singapore
- Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis Street, 138672, Singapore
| | - Bijin Veonice Au
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive, 138673, Singapore
| | - Tian Sheng Lew
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, 10 Medical Drive, 117597, Singapore
| | - Justin Jang Hann Chu
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive, 138673, Singapore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, 10 Medical Drive, 117597, Singapore
| | - Vincent Tak Kwong Chow
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, 10 Medical Drive, 117597, Singapore
| | - De Yun Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Infectious Diseases Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, 10 Medical Drive, 117597, Singapore
| | - Franklin L Zhong
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore (SRIS), 8A Biomedical Grove, #06-06 Immunos, 138648, Singapore.
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency of Science, Technological and Research, 8A Biomedical Grove, #06-06 Immunos, 138648, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, 308232, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive, 138673, Singapore
| | - Bruno Reversade
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency of Science, Technological and Research, 8A Biomedical Grove, #06-06 Immunos, 138648, Singapore.
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive, 138673, Singapore
- Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis Street, 138672, Singapore
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, 10 Medical Drive, 117597, Singapore
- The Medical Genetics Department, Koç University School of Medicine, 34010 Istanbul, Turkey
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18
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Tupik JD, Nagai-Singer MA, Allen IC. To protect or adversely affect? The dichotomous role of the NLRP1 inflammasome in human disease. Mol Aspects Med 2020; 76:100858. [PMID: 32359693 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2020.100858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
NLRP1 is an inflammasome forming pattern recognition receptor (PRR). When activated by pathogen- and damage- associated molecular patterns (PAMPS/DAMPS), NLRP1 inflammasome formation leads to inflammation through the production of proinflammatory cytokines IL-18 and IL-1β. As with other inflammasome forming NLR family members, NLRP1 also regulates cell death processes, termed pyroptosis. The domain structure of NLRP1 differs between mice and humans, making it possible for the function of the inflammasome to differ between species and adds complexity to the study of this NLR family member. In humans, mutations in both coding and non-coding regions of the NLRP1 gene are linked to a variety of diseases. Likewise, interruption of NLRP1 inhibitors or changes in the prevalence of NLRP1 activators can also impact disease pathobiology. Adding to its complexity, the NLRP1 inflammasome plays a dichotomous role in human diseases, functioning to either attenuate or augment miscellaneous biological processes in a tissue specific manner. For example, NLRP1 plays a protective role in the gastrointestinal tract by modulating the microbiome composition; however, it augments neurological disorders, cardio-pulmonary diseases, and cancer through promoting inflammation. Thus, it is critical that the role of NLRP1 in each of these disease processes be robustly defined. In this review, we summarize the current research landscape to provide a better understanding of the mechanisms associated with NLRP1 function and dysfunction in human disease pathobiology. We propose that a better understanding of these mechanisms will ultimately result in improved insight into immune system dysfunction and therapeutic strategies targeting inflammasome function in multiple human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juselyn D Tupik
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Margaret A Nagai-Singer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Irving C Allen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA; Department of Basic Science Education, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA, USA.
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19
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Spel L, Martinon F. Inflammasomes contributing to inflammation in arthritis. Immunol Rev 2020; 294:48-62. [DOI: 10.1111/imr.12839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lotte Spel
- Departement of Biochemistry University of Lausanne Epalinges Switzerland
| | - Fabio Martinon
- Departement of Biochemistry University of Lausanne Epalinges Switzerland
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Kahlenberg JM, Kang I. Advances in Disease Mechanisms and Translational Technologies: Clinicopathologic Significance of Inflammasome Activation in Autoimmune Diseases. Arthritis Rheumatol 2020; 72:386-395. [PMID: 31562704 DOI: 10.1002/art.41127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are characterized by dysregulated immune tolerance to self and inflammatory damage to tissues and organs. The development of inflammation involves multiple innate and adaptive immune pathways. Inflammasomes are multimeric cytosolic protein complexes that form to mediate host immune responses upon recognizing pathogen- or damage-associated molecular patterns via pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs). The accelerating pace of inflammasome research has demonstrated important roles for inflammasome activation in many pathologic conditions, including infectious, metabolic, autoinflammatory, and autoimmune diseases. The inflammasome generally comprises a PRR, procaspase 1, and an adaptor molecule connecting the PRR and procaspase 1. Upon inflammasome activation, procaspase 1 becomes active caspase 1 that converts pro-interleukin-1β (proIL-1β) and proIL-18 into mature and active IL-1β and IL-18, respectively. The cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 have multipotent effects on immune and nonimmune cells and induce and promote systemic and local inflammatory responses. Human studies have shown increased levels of these cytokines, altered activation of inflammasome-related molecules, and/or the presence of inflammasome activators in rheumatic diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, crystal-induced arthropathies, and Sjögren's syndrome. Such changes are found in the primary target organs, such as the kidneys, joints, and salivary glands, as well as in the cardiovascular system. In animal models of rheumatic diseases, inflammation and tissue damage improve upon genetic or pharmacologic targeting of the inflammasome, supporting its pathogenic role. Herein, we review the clinicopathologic significance and therapeutic targeting of inflammasome activation in rheumatic diseases and related conditions based on recent findings.
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Kany S, Vollrath JT, Relja B. Cytokines in Inflammatory Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20236008. [PMID: 31795299 PMCID: PMC6929211 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20236008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 941] [Impact Index Per Article: 188.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
This review aims to briefly discuss a short list of a broad variety of inflammatory cytokines. Numerous studies have implicated that inflammatory cytokines exert important effects with regard to various inflammatory diseases, yet the reports on their specific roles are not always consistent. They can be used as biomarkers to indicate or monitor disease or its progress, and also may serve as clinically applicable parameters for therapies. Yet, their precise role is not always clearly defined. Thus, in this review, we focus on the existing literature dealing with the biology of cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1, IL-33, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), IL-10, and IL-8. We will briefly focus on the correlations and role of these inflammatory mediators in the genesis of inflammatory impacts (e.g., shock, trauma, immune dysregulation, osteoporosis, and/or critical illness).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinwan Kany
- Experimental Radiology, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany;
- Department of Cardiology with Emphasis on Electrophysiology, University Heart Centre, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan Tilmann Vollrath
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Borna Relja
- Experimental Radiology, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-391-6721395
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22
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Tartey S, Kanneganti TD. Inflammasomes in the pathophysiology of autoinflammatory syndromes. J Leukoc Biol 2019; 107:379-391. [PMID: 31608507 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3mir0919-191r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammasomes are a specialized group of intracellular sensors that are key components of the host innate immune system. Autoinflammatory diseases are disorders of the innate immune system that are characterized by recurrent inflammation and serious complications. Dysregulation of the inflammasome is associated with the onset and progression of several autoinflammatory and autoimmune diseases, including cryopyrin-associated periodic fever syndrome, familial Mediterranean fever, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus. In this review, we discuss the involvement of various inflammasome components in the regulation of autoinflammatory disorders and describe the manifestations of these autoinflammatory diseases caused by inflammasome activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarang Tartey
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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23
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Shin JI, Lee KH, Joo YH, Lee JM, Jeon J, Jung HJ, Shin M, Cho S, Kim TH, Park S, Jeon BY, Jeong H, Lee K, Kang K, Oh M, Lee H, Lee S, Kwon Y, Oh GH, Kronbichler A. Inflammasomes and autoimmune and rheumatic diseases: A comprehensive review. J Autoimmun 2019; 103:102299. [PMID: 31326231 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2019.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inflammasomes are a multi-protein platform forming a part of the innate immune system. Inflammasomes are at standby status and can be activated when needed. Inflammasome activation is an important mechanism for the production of active interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18, which have important roles to instruct adaptive immunity. Active forms of inflammasomes trigger a series of inflammatory cascades and lead to the differentiation and polarization of naïve T cells and secretion of various cytokines, which can induce various kinds of autoimmune and rheumatic diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), gout, Sjögren's syndrome, Behçet's disease, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis and IgA vasculitis (former Henoch-Schönlein purpura ). In this review, we summarize studies published on inflammasomes and review their roles in various autoimmune diseases. Understanding of the role of inflammasomes may facilitate the diagnosis of autoimmune diseases and the development of tailored therapies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Il Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Severance Children's Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Keum Hwa Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Severance Children's Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yo Han Joo
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jiwon M Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jaewook Jeon
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hee Jae Jung
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Minkyue Shin
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seobum Cho
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae Hwan Kim
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seonghyuk Park
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bong Yeol Jeon
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Jeong
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kangto Lee
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyutae Kang
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Myungsuk Oh
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hansang Lee
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seungchul Lee
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yeji Kwon
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Geun Ho Oh
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Andreas Kronbichler
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Wu X, Ren G, Zhou R, Ge J, Chen FH. The role of Ca 2+ in acid-sensing ion channel 1a-mediated chondrocyte pyroptosis in rat adjuvant arthritis. J Transl Med 2019; 99:499-513. [PMID: 30487596 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-018-0135-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease with a poor prognosis. Pyroptosis is a type of proinflammatory programmed cell death that is characterised by the activation of caspase-1 and secretion of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β/18. Previous reports have shown that pyroptosis is closely related to the development of some autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis. The decrease in the pH of joint fluid is a main pathogenic feature of RA and leads to excessive apoptosis in chondrocytes. Acid-sensitive ion channels (ASICs) are extracellular H+-activated cation channels that mainly influence Na+ and Ca2+ permeability. In this study, we investigated the role of Ca2+ in acid-sensing ion channel 1a-mediated chondrocyte pyroptosis in an adjuvant arthritis rat model. The expression of apoptosis-associated speck-like protein, NLRP3, caspase-1, ASIC 1a, IL-1β and IL-18 was upregulated in the joints of rats compared with that in normal rats, but the expression of Col2a in cartilage was decreased. However, these changes were reversed by amiloride, which is an inhibitor of ASIC1a. Extracellular acidosis significantly increased the expression of ASIC1a, IL-1β, IL-18, ASC, NLRP3 and caspase-1 and promoted the release of lactate dehydrogenase. Interestingly, Psalmotoxin-1 (Pctx-1) and BAPTA-AM inhibited these effects. These results indicate that ASIC1a mediates pyroptosis in chondrocytes from AA rats. The underlying mechanism may be associated with the ability of ASIC1a to promote [Ca2+]i and upregulate the expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshan Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, P.R. China
| | - Guiling Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, The 901 Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army Joint Service Support Unit, Hefei, China
| | - Renpeng Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Jinfang Ge
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Fei-Hu Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.
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Deng J, Yu XQ, Wang PH. Inflammasome activation and Th17 responses. Mol Immunol 2019; 107:142-164. [PMID: 30739833 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Immune sensing of exogenous molecules from microbes (e.g., pathogen-associated molecular patterns) and nonmicrobial molecules (e.g., asbestos, alum, and silica), as well as endogenous damage-associated molecular patterns (e.g., ATP, uric acid crystals, and amyloid A) activates innate immunity by inducing immune-related genes, including proinflammatory cytokines, which further facilitate the development of adaptive immunity. The roles of transcriptional responses downstream of immune sensing have been widely characterized in informing adaptive immunity; however, few studies focus on the effect of post-translational responses on the modulation of adaptive immune responses. Inflammasomes activated by the previously described endo- and exogenous stimuli autocatalytically induce intracellular pro-caspase-1, which cleaves the inactive precursors of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18 into bioactive proinflammatory cytokines. IL-1β and IL-18 not only contribute to the host defense against infections by activating phagocytes, such as monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, and neutrophils, but also induce T-helper 17 (Th17)- and Th1-mediated adaptive immune responses. In synergy with IL-6 and IL-23, IL-1β activates IL-1 receptor (IL-1R) signaling to drive the differentiation of IL-17-producing Th17 cells, which not only play critical roles in host protective immunity to infections of bacteria, fungi, and certain viruses but also participate in the pathology of inflammatory disorders and tumorigenesis. Consequently, targeting inflammasomes and IL-1/IL-1R signaling may effectively improve the treatment of Th17-associated disorders, such as autoinflammatory diseases and cancers, thereby providing novel insights into drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Deng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Xiao-Qiang Yu
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri - Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, 64110-2499, USA
| | - Pei-Hui Wang
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.
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Interleukin-1 Beta-A Friend or Foe in Malignancies? Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082155. [PMID: 30042333 PMCID: PMC6121377 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) is induced by inflammatory signals in a broad number of immune cell types. IL-1β (and IL-18) are the only cytokines which are processed by caspase-1 after inflammasome-mediated activation. This review aims to summarize current knowledge about parameters of regulation of IL-1β expression and its multi-facetted role in pathophysiological conditions. IL-1 signaling activates innate immune cells including antigen presenting cells, and drives polarization of CD4+ T cells towards T helper type (Th) 1 and Th17 cells. Therefore, IL-1β has been attributed a largely beneficial role in resolving acute inflammations, and by initiating adaptive anti-tumor responses. However, IL-1β generated in the course of chronic inflammation supports tumor development. Furthermore, IL-1β generated within the tumor microenvironment predominantly by tumor-infiltrating macrophages promotes tumor growth and metastasis via different mechanisms. These include the expression of IL-1 targets which promote neoangiogenesis and of soluble mediators in cancer-associated fibroblasts that evoke antiapoptotic signaling in tumor cells. Moreover, IL-1 promotes the propagation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Using genetic mouse models as well as agents for pharmacological inhibition of IL-1 signaling therapeutically applied for treatment of IL-1 associated autoimmune diseases indicate that IL-1β is a driver of tumor induction and development.
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Cordero MD, Alcocer-Gómez E, Ryffel B. Gain of function mutation and inflammasome driven diseases in human and mouse models. J Autoimmun 2018; 91:13-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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28
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Association of NLRP1 and NLRP3 Polymorphisms with Psoriasis Vulgaris Risk in the Chinese Han Population. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:4714836. [PMID: 29850521 PMCID: PMC5903344 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4714836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Aim To clarify the association between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the NLRP1 and NLRP3 and Psoriasis Vulgaris (PsV) in the Chinese Han population. Methods We genotyped eight SNPs, four from NLRP1 (rs8079034, rs11651270, rs11657747, and rs878329) and NLRP3 (rs7512998, rs3806265, rs10754557, and rs10733113) each in 540 patients with PsV and 612 healthy controls in the Chinese Han population using an improved multiplexed ligation detection reaction (iMLDR) method. The genotype and haplotype frequencies were analyzed using a case-control study design. Results We identified two SNPs, rs3806265 and rs10754557, in NLRP3 that were significantly associated with PsV. The genotype distribution of the rs3806265 SNP was significantly different between cases and controls (p = 0.0451; OR = 0.791; 95% CI = 0.627–0.998). In the recessive model, the genotype distribution of the rs10754557 SNP was significantly different between cases and controls (p = 0.0344; OR = 1.277; 95% CI = 0.987–1.652). The haplotype analysis of rs3806265 and rs10754557 also presented a significant association of TA haplotype with PsV (χ2 = 4.529; p = 0.033). Conclusion NLRP3 may play a role in PsV susceptibility in the Chinese Han population.
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Zhao LR, Xing RL, Wang PM, Zhang NS, Yin SJ, Li XC, Zhang L. NLRP1 and NLRP3 inflammasomes mediate LPS/ATP‑induced pyroptosis in knee osteoarthritis. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:5463-5469. [PMID: 29393464 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyroptosis is triggered by inflammasomes after its activation by various inflammatory stimulations, including lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and improper pH. This may result in programmed death of the affected cell. It is well known that NLRP1 and NLRP3 inflammasomes mediate the production of various cytokines in inflammatory disorders; however, it is still unknown whether NLRP1 and NLRP3 inflammasomes can influence the LPS‑induced pyroptosis in the progression of knee osteoarthritis (KOA). In the present study, the correlation between the NLRP inflammasomes and fibroblast‑like synoviocytes (FLSs) pyroptosis was investigated in vivo and in vitro. Human synovial samples were collected from KOA patients and the expression of NLRP1 and NLRP3 inflammasomes was analyzed. Human FLS were isolated in vitro and stimulated with LPS. To determine whether NLRP1 and NLRP3 inflammasomes are involved in FLS pyroptosis, NLRP1 and NLRP3 small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) were used. The results showed that the expression of NLRPs and inflammasome‑related proteins were upregulated and FLS stimulated with LPS+ATP resulted in cell pyroptosis. However, LPS+ATP‑induced pyroptosis was attenuated by NLRP1 and NLRP3 siRNAs. The results of the present study indicate that LPS‑induced FLS pyroptosis may be mediated by either NLRP1 or NLRP3 inflammsomes. Overall, based on the data obtained from patients and in vitro cells, the present finsings showed that NLRP1 and NLRP3 inflammasomes are highly involved in the FLS inflammation and pyroptosis. Furthermore, inhibition of NLRP1 and NLRP3 led to a remarkable reduction of pyroptosis‑related cytokines. Thus, NLRP1 and NLRP3 inflammasomes may be important in the pathogenesis of OA and may represent a novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Rui Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Run-Lin Xing
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Pei-Min Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Nong-Shan Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Song-Jiang Yin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Chen Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
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30
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da Silva WC, Reis EC, Oshiro TM, Pontillo A. Genetics of Inflammasomes. EXPERIENTIA SUPPLEMENTUM (2012) 2018; 108:321-341. [PMID: 30536178 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-89390-7_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in inflammasome genes are responsible for rare monogenic and polygenic autoinflammatory diseases. On the other side, genetic polymorphisms in the same molecules contribute to the development of common multifactorial diseases (i.e., autoimmune diseases, cardiovascular pathologies, cancer). In this chapter we depicted the current knowledge about inflammasome genetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanessa Cardoso da Silva
- Laboratório de Investigação em Dermatologia e Imunodeficiências, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
- Avenida Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 470 - Instituto de Medicina Tropical (IMT) Prédio 2 - 3° andar, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
| | - Edione C Reis
- Laboratório de Imunogenética, Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
- Avenida Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1730 - 05508-000 Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Telma M Oshiro
- Laboratório de Investigação em Dermatologia e Imunodeficiências, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
- Avenida Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 470 - Instituto de Medicina Tropical (IMT) Prédio 2 - 3° andar, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Alessandra Pontillo
- Laboratório de Imunogenética, Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
- Avenida Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1730 - 05508-000 Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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31
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Yi YS. Role of inflammasomes in inflammatory autoimmune rheumatic diseases. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 22:1-15. [PMID: 29302207 PMCID: PMC5746506 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2018.22.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammasomes are intracellular multiprotein complexes that coordinate anti-pathogenic host defense during inflammatory responses in myeloid cells, especially macrophages. Inflammasome activation leads to activation of caspase-1, resulting in the induction of pyroptosis and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. Although the inflammatory response is an innate host defense mechanism, chronic inflammation is the main cause of rheumatic diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), and Sjögren's syndrome (SS). Since rheumatic diseases are inflammatory/autoimmune disorders, it is reasonable to hypothesize that inflammasomes activated during the inflammatory response play a pivotal role in development and progression of these diseases. Indeed, previous studies have provided important observations that inflammasomes are actively involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory/autoimmune rheumatic diseases. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on several types of inflammasomes during macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses and discuss recent research regarding the role of inflammasomes in the pathogenesis of inflammatory/autoimmune rheumatic diseases. This avenue of research could provide new insights for the development of promising therapeutics to treat inflammatory/autoimmune rheumatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Su Yi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Cheongju University, Cheongju 28503, Korea
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32
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Ringel-Scaia VM, McDaniel DK, Allen IC. The Goldilocks Conundrum: NLR Inflammasome Modulation of Gastrointestinal Inflammation during Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Crit Rev Immunol 2017; 36:283-314. [PMID: 28322135 DOI: 10.1615/critrevimmunol.2017019158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances have revealed significant insight into inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) pathobiology. Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, the chronic relapsing clinical manifestations of IBD, are complex disorders with genetic and environmental influences. These diseases are associated with the dysregulation of immune tolerance, excessive inflammation, and damage to the epithelial cell barrier. Increasing evidence indicates that pattern recognition receptors, including Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat-containing proteins (NLRs), function to maintain immune system homeostasis, modulate the gastrointestinal microbiome, and promote proper intestinal epithelial cell regeneration and repair. New insights have revealed that NLR family members are essential components in maintaining this immune system homeostasis. To date, the vast majority of studies associated with NLRs have focused on family members that form a multiprotein signaling platform called the inflammasome. These signaling complexes are responsible for the cleavage and activation of the potent pleotropic cytokines IL-1β and IL-18, and they facilitate a unique form of cell death defined as pyroptosis. In this review, we summarize the current paradigms associated with NLR inflammasome maintenance of immune system homeostasis in the gastrointestinal system. New concepts related to canonical and noncanonical inflammasome signaling, as well as the implications of classical and alternative inflammasomes in IBD pathogenesis, are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica M Ringel-Scaia
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061
| | - Dylan K McDaniel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061
| | - Irving C Allen
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061
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Wei Y, Huang H, Qiu Z, Li H, Tan J, Ren G, Wang X. NLRP1 Overexpression Is Correlated with the Tumorigenesis and Proliferation of Human Breast Tumor. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:4938473. [PMID: 29214170 PMCID: PMC5682047 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4938473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat protein 1 (NLRP1) is a pivotal factor in the inflammatory process. However, the role of NLRP1 in breast cancer pathogenesis remains unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the expression and function of NLRP1 in breast cancer. We found that NLRP1 was widely expressed in 83% (60/72) of primary breast cancer tissue. NLRP1 expression level was higher in primary breast cancer tissue than in adjacent noncancerous tissue (p < 0.001) and NLRP1 expression was associated with lymph node metastasis (p = 0.003), TNM stage (p = 0.003), and Ki-67 levels (p < 0.001). Overexpression of NLRP1 in the breast cancer cell line MCF-7 promotes proliferation, migration, invasion, and tumorigenicity in nude mice. Restoration of NLRP1 expression resulted in the EMT occurrence that downregulation of epithelial marker E-cadherin and upregulation mesenchymal marker vimentin, C-myc, MMP-9, and snail. In summary, NLRP1 promotes cell line MCF-7 the proliferation, migration, and invasion through inducing EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxian Wei
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Hongyan Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Zhu Qiu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Hongzhong Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jinxiang Tan
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Guosheng Ren
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xiaoyi Wang
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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How Inflammasomes Inform Adaptive Immunity. J Mol Biol 2017; 430:217-237. [PMID: 28987733 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2017.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
An immune response consists of a finely orchestrated interplay between initial recognition of potential microbial threats by the innate immune system and subsequent licensed adaptive immune neutralization. The initial recognition integrates environmental cues derived from pathogen-associated molecular patterns and cell-intrinsic damage-associated molecular patterns to contextualize the insult and inform a tailored adaptive response via T and B lymphocytes. While there are much data to support the role of transcriptional responses downstream of pattern recognition receptors in informing the adaptive immune response, markedly less attention has been paid to the role of post-translational responses to pathogen-associated molecular pattern and damage-associated molecular pattern recognition by the innate immune system, and how this may influence adaptive immunity. A well-characterized post-translational consequence of pattern recognition receptor signaling is the assembly of a multimeric signaling platform, termed the inflammasome, by members of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (Nod), leucine-rich repeat-containing receptors (NLRs), and pyrin and HIN domain (PYHIN) families. Inflammasomes assemble in response to cytosolic perturbations, such as mitochondrial dysfunction and aberrant ion fluxes in the case of the canonical NLRP3 inflammasome or the presence of bacterial lipopolysaccharides in the case of the non-canonical inflammasome. Assembly of the inflammasome allows for the cleavage and activation of inflammatory caspases. These activated inflammatory caspases in turn cleave pro-form inflammatory cytokines into their mature bioactive species and lead to unconventional protein secretion and lytic cell death. In this review, we discuss evidence for inflammasome-mediated instruction and contextualization of infectious and sterile agents to the adaptive immune system.
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Li J, Yan M, Zhang Y, Feng C, Wang H, Wang C, Sun L. Meta-analysis of the association between NLRP1 polymorphisms and the susceptibility to vitiligo and associated autoimmune diseases. Oncotarget 2017; 8:88179-88188. [PMID: 29152150 PMCID: PMC5675702 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic variants are linked to vitiligo and associated autoimmune diseases. We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of the rs12150220, rs2670660, and rs6502867 polymorphisms within the human NLR Family Pyrin Domain Containing 1 (NLRP1) gene. We initially identified 1,306 candidate articles through literature searches of Pubmed, WOS, Embase, CNKI, WANFANGI, Ovid, Scopus, and Cochrane in July 2017. After strict screening, we included 19 eligible case-control studies, and analyzed the data using Stata/SE 12.0 software. No difference between vitiligo cases and controls was detected for NLRP1 rs12150220, rs2670660, or rs6502867 under most genetic models [Passociation (P value of association test) > 0.05). With regard to vitiligo-associated autoimmune diseases, like Addison's disease, type 1 diabetes, or systemic lupus erythematosus, a decreased risk was detected for rs12150220 in the Caucasian subgroup under all models [Passociation < 0.05, odds ratio (OR) < 1]. No relationships were observed for other polymorphisms, including rs2670660, rs6502867, and the “A-A, G-T, G-A, A-T” haplotypes of rs2670660/rs12150220 (Passociation > 0.05). This meta-analysis demonstrates that within the Caucasian population, the NLRP1 rs12150220 polymorphism may correlate with a decreased risk of vitiligo-associated autoimmune diseases, especially autoimmune Addison's disease, type 1 diabetes, or systemic lupus erythematosus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital of Shengli Oil Field, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Yan
- Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital of Shengli Oil Field, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital of Shengli Oil Field, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Feng
- Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital of Shengli Oil Field, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Huicong Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital of Shengli Oil Field, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuiyu Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital of Shengli Oil Field, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital of Shengli Oil Field, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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Yu CH, Moecking J, Geyer M, Masters SL. Mechanisms of NLRP1-Mediated Autoinflammatory Disease in Humans and Mice. J Mol Biol 2017; 430:142-152. [PMID: 28733143 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
NLRP1 was the first NOD-like receptor described to form an inflammasome, recruiting ASC to activate caspase-1, which processes interleukin-1β and interleukin-18 to their active form. A wealth of new genetic information has now redefined our understanding of this innate immune sensor. Specifically, rare loss-of-function variants in the N-terminal pyrin domain indicate that this part of NLRP1 is autoinhibitory and normally acts to prevent a familial autoinflammatory skin disease associated with cancer. In the absence of a ligand to trigger human NLRP1, these mutations have now confirmed the requirement of NLRP1 autolytic cleavage within the FIIND domain, which had previously been implicated in NLRP1 activation. Autolytic cleavage generates a C-terminal fragment of NLRP1 containing the CARD domain which then forms an ASC-dependent inflammasome. The CARD domain as an inflammasome linker is consistent with the observation that under some conditions, particularly for mouse NLRP1, caspase-1 can be engaged directly, and although it is no longer processed, it is still capable of producing mature IL-1β. Additional rare variants in a linker region between the LRR and FIIND domains of NLRP1 also cause autoinflammatory disease in both humans and mice. This new genetic information is likely to provide for more mechanistic insight in the years to come, contributing to our understanding of how NLRP1 functions as an innate immune sensor of infection and predisposes to autoimmune or autoinflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Hsiung Yu
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Jonas Moecking
- Department of Structural Immunology, Institute of Innate Immunity, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Matthias Geyer
- Department of Structural Immunology, Institute of Innate Immunity, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Seth L Masters
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
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Goh LL, Yong MY, See WQ, Chee EYW, Lim PQ, Koh ET, Leong KP. NLRP1, PTPN22 and PADI4 gene polymorphisms and rheumatoid arthritis in ACPA-positive Singaporean Chinese. Rheumatol Int 2017; 37:1295-1302. [PMID: 28653215 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-017-3762-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Studies have shown that the genetic risk factors for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) differ substantially between Asian and Caucasian populations. Even among Asian populations, the genetic contributions of NLRP1, PTPN22 and PADI4 have been controversial. Consequently, we sought to address these separate findings and determine whether any of these proposed risk variants are associated with RA susceptibility, onset, DAS activity and erosion in a Singaporean Chinese cohort. We genotyped five SNPs within NLRP1 (rs878329 and rs6502867), PTPN22 (rs2488457 and rs6665194), and PADI4 (rs2240340) in 500 anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody-positive (ACPA) patients with RA and 500 healthy controls using TaqMan assays. The CC genotype of NLRP1 rs878329 and TT genotype of PADI4 rs2240340 were associated with RA susceptibility. The risk association of the T allele of PADI4 rs2240340 with RA was confirmed through a meta-analysis based on previous reports in Asian populations. The GG genotype of PTPN22 rs6665194 (-3508A>G) was associated with significantly reduced risk of RA. No significant association was found for NLRP1 rs6502867 T/C and PTPN22 rs2488457 G/C polymorphisms. None of the five SNPs was associated with RA's clinical features. This work supports the association of the T allele of PADI4 rs2240340 with RA in Asians. The roles of NLRP1 rs878329 G/C and PTPN22 rs6665194 A/G polymorphisms were demonstrated for the first time. We also propose rs6665194 to be a promising candidate for RA risk evaluation between ethnicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuh Ling Goh
- TTSH Research Laboratory, Clinical Research and Innovation Office, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore.
| | - Mei Yun Yong
- TTSH Research Laboratory, Clinical Research and Innovation Office, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - Wei Qiang See
- TTSH Research Laboratory, Clinical Research and Innovation Office, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - Edward Yu Wing Chee
- TTSH Research Laboratory, Clinical Research and Innovation Office, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - Pei Qi Lim
- TTSH Research Laboratory, Clinical Research and Innovation Office, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - Ee Tzun Koh
- Department of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Khai Pang Leong
- TTSH Research Laboratory, Clinical Research and Innovation Office, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore.,Department of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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Association between NLPR1, NLPR3, and P2X7R Gene Polymorphisms with Partial Seizures. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:9547902. [PMID: 28503575 PMCID: PMC5414494 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9547902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objectives. Clinical and experimental evidence has clarified that the inflammatory processes within the brain play a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of seizures and epilepsy. Inflammasomes and P2X7 purinergic receptor (P2X7R) are important mediators during the inflammatory process. Therefore, we investigated the possible association between partial seizures and inflammasomes NLPR1, NLRP3, and P2X7R gene polymorphisms in the present study. Method. A total of 163 patients and 201 health controls were enrolled in this study and polymorphisms of NLPR1, NLRP3, and P2X7R genes were detected using polymerase chain reaction- (PCR-) ligase detection reaction method. Result. The frequency of rs878329 (G>C) genotype with C (CG + CC) was significantly lower among patients with partial seizures relative to controls (OR = 2.033, 95% CI = 1.290-3.204, p = 0.002 for GC + CC versus GG). Intriguingly, we found that the significant difference of rs878329 (G>C) genotype and allele frequency only existed among males (OR = 2.542, 95% CI = 1.344-4.810, p = 0.004 for GC + CC versus GG), while there was no statistically significant difference among females. However, no significant results were presented for the genotype distributions of rs8079034, rs4612666, rs10754558, rs2027432, rs3751143, and rs208294 polymorphisms between patients and controls. Conclusion. Our study demonstrated the potentially significant role of NLRP1 rs878329 (G>C) in developing susceptibility to the partial seizures in a Chinese Han population.
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Double-stranded RNA induces inflammation via the NF-κB pathway and inflammasome activation in the outer root sheath cells of hair follicles. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44127. [PMID: 28266599 PMCID: PMC5339809 DOI: 10.1038/srep44127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alopecia areata (AA), a chronic, relapsing, hair-loss disorder, is considered to be a T cell-mediated autoimmune disease. It affects approximately 1.7% of the population, but its precise pathogenesis remains to be elucidated. Despite the recent attention focused on the roles of inflammasomes in the pathogenesis of autoinflammatory diseases, little is known about inflammasome activation in AA. Thus, in this study, we investigated the pattern of NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the outer root sheath (ORS) cells of hair follicles. We found that interleukin (IL)-1β and caspase-1 expression was increased in hair follicle remnants and inflammatory cells of AA tissue specimens. After stimulation of ORS cells with the double-stranded (ds)RNA mimic polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly[I:C]), the activation of caspase-1 and secretion of IL-1β were enhanced. Moreover, NLRP3 knockdown decreased this poly(I:C)-induced IL-1β production. Finally, we found that high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) translocated from the nucleus to the cytosol and was secreted into the extracellular space by inflammasome activation. Taken together, these findings suggest that ORS cells are important immunocompetent cells that induce NLRP3 inflammasomes. In addition, dsRNA-induced IL-1β and HMGB1 secretion from ORS cells may contribute to clarifying the pathogenesis and therapeutic targets of AA.
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Grandemange S, Sanchez E, Louis-Plence P, Tran Mau-Them F, Bessis D, Coubes C, Frouin E, Seyger M, Girard M, Puechberty J, Costes V, Rodière M, Carbasse A, Jeziorski E, Portales P, Sarrabay G, Mondain M, Jorgensen C, Apparailly F, Hoppenreijs E, Touitou I, Geneviève D. A new autoinflammatory and autoimmune syndrome associated with NLRP1 mutations: NAIAD (NLRP1-associated autoinflammation with arthritis and dyskeratosis). Ann Rheum Dis 2016; 76:1191-1198. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-210021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Deswaerte V, Ruwanpura SM, Jenkins BJ. Transcriptional regulation of inflammasome-associated pattern recognition receptors, and the relevance to disease pathogenesis. Mol Immunol 2016; 86:3-9. [PMID: 27697299 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2016.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decade it has emerged that inflammasome complexes provide a pivotal platform for the host innate immune system to respond to exogenous infectious microbes (viruses, bacteria, fungi) and non-infectious environmental agents (cigarette smoke, pollution), as well as endogenous "danger" signals. Upon the canonical activation of inflammasomes, a key effector function is to catalyze, via caspase-1, the maturation of the potent pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18, which, in addition to chronic inflammatory responses have also been intimately linked to the inflammatory form of lytic cell death, pyroptosis. However, recent evidence suggests that inflammasomes exhibit marked pleiotropism beyond their canonical functions, whereby their activation can also influence a large number of cellular responses including proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy and metabolism. It is therefore not surprising that the dysregulated expression and/or activation of inflammasomes is increasingly implicated in numerous disease states, such as chronic auto-inflammatory and autoimmune disorders, metabolic syndrome, neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, as well as cancer. In this review we will highlight recent advancements in our understanding of the transcriptional regulation of genes encoding inflammasome-associated innate immune receptors, and the impact on a variety of cellular responses during disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Deswaerte
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia; Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Saleela M Ruwanpura
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia; Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Brendan J Jenkins
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia; Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
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Sharma N, Jha S. NLR-regulated pathways in cancer: opportunities and obstacles for therapeutic interventions. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:1741-64. [PMID: 26708292 PMCID: PMC11108278 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-2123-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
NLRs (nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat containing receptors) are pattern recognition receptors associated with immunity and inflammation in response to endogenous and exogenous pathogen and damage associated molecular patterns (PAMPs and DAMPs respectively). Dysregulated NLR function is associated with several diseases including cancers, metabolic diseases, autoimmune disorders and autoinflammatory syndromes. In the last decade, distinct cell and organ specific roles for NLRs have been identified however; their roles in cancer initiation, development and progression remain controversial. This review summarizes the emerging role of NLRs in cancer and their possible future as targets for cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Sharma
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Old Residency Road, Ratanada, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342011, India
| | - Sushmita Jha
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Old Residency Road, Ratanada, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342011, India.
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Genetic Variations of NLR family genes in Behcet's Disease. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20098. [PMID: 26833430 PMCID: PMC4735577 DOI: 10.1038/srep20098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of five NLR family genes (NOD1, NOD2, NLRP1, NLRP3 and CIITA) are associated with Behcet’s disease (BD) in a Chinese Han population. The study was carried out in 950 BD patients and 1440 controls for 19 SNPs in the selected NLR genes. In the first-stage study, significantly decreased frequencies of the CIITA//rs12932187 C allele (Pc = 1.668E-02) and NOD1//rs2075818 G allele (Pc = 4.694E-02) were found in BD patients as compared to controls . After performing a second stage validation study and combination of data we confirmed the association of CIITA//rs12932187 and NOD1//rs2075818 with BD. In CIITA//rs12932187, the frequencies of the CC genotype and C allele were significantly lower in BD than in controls (Pc = 3.331E-06; Pc = 6.004E-07, respectively). In NOD1//rs2075818, the GG genotype and G allele showed significantly decreased frequencies in BD patients when compared to controls (Pc = 1.022E-02; Pc = 6.811E-05, respectively). Functional experiments showed that carriers with the CC genotype in CIITA//rs12932187 had a lower CIITA mRNA expression level and an enhanced IL-10 secretion as compared to GG and CG carriers. This study provides evidence that the CIITA and NOD1 gene are involved in the susceptibility to Behcet’s disease.
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Abstract
Nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs) are pattern-recognition receptors similar to toll-like receptors (TLRs). While TLRs are transmembrane receptors, NLRs are cytoplasmic receptors that play a crucial role in the innate immune response by recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Based on their N-terminal domain, NLRs are divided into four subfamilies: NLRA, NLRB, NLRC, and NLRP. NLRs can also be divided into four broad functional categories: inflammasome assembly, signaling transduction, transcription activation, and autophagy. In addition to recognizing PAMPs and DAMPs, NLRs act as a key regulator of apoptosis and early development. Therefore, there are significant associations between NLRs and various diseases related to infection and immunity. NLR studies have recently begun to unveil the roles of NLRs in diseases such as gout, cryopyrin-associated periodic fever syndromes, and Crohn's disease. As these new associations between NRLs and diseases may improve our understanding of disease pathogenesis and lead to new approaches for the prevention and treatment of such diseases, NLRs are becoming increasingly relevant to clinicians. In this review, we provide a concise overview of NLRs and their role in infection, immunity, and disease, particularly from clinical perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Keun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Jeon Soo Shin
- Department of Microbiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute and Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Moon H Nahm
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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Targeting the inflammasome in rheumatic diseases. Transl Res 2016; 167:125-37. [PMID: 26118952 PMCID: PMC4487391 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Revised: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Activation of the inflammasome, a protein complex responsible for many cellular functions, including the activation of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18, has been identified as a key participant in many rheumatic diseases including autoimmune, inflammatory, and autoinflammatory syndromes. This review will discuss the recent advances in understanding the role of this complex in various rheumatic diseases. Furthermore, it will focus on available therapies, which directly and indirectly target the inflammasome and its downstream cytokines to quiet inflammation and possibly dampen autoimmune processes.
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Inflammasomes and human autoimmunity: A comprehensive review. J Autoimmun 2015; 61:1-8. [PMID: 26005048 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Inflammasomes are multi-protein complexes composed of a NOD-like receptor (NLR)/an AIM-like receptor (ALR), the adapter molecule apoptosis-associated speck-like protein that contains a CARD (ASC), and caspase-1. Active caspase-1 cleaves pro-IL-1β and pro-IL-18 to IL-1β and IL-18, resulting in inflammation. Genetic mutations in inflammasomes were first recognized to result in autoinflammatory diseases, which are characterized by the absence of both autoantibodies and autoreactive-T/B cells. However, there is increasing attention being placed on genetic polymorphisms that are involved in the components of inflammasomes, and these have implications for innate immunity and the natural history of autoimmune diseases. For example, while the NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 1 (NLRP1) haplotypes contributes to susceptibility to developing vitiligo; there are other single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that alters the susceptibility and severity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Indeed, there are multiple factors that contribute to lowering the threshold of immunity and inflammasomes play a key role in this threshold. For example, IL-1β and IL-18 further perpetuate Th17 responses and endothelial cell damage, which potentiate a number of autoimmune diseases, including synovitis in RA, cardiovascular disease, and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). There is also increasing data on the role of innate immunity in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), in lupus nephritis, and in a variety of autoimmune pathologies in which activation of the innate immune system is the driver for the adaptive system. Indeed, it is likely that the chronic pathology of autoimmunity is mediated in part by otherwise innocent bystander cells, augmented by inflammasomes.
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Zhu L, Li J, Guo L, Yu X, Wu D, Luo L, Zhu L, Chen W, Chen C, Ye C, Zhang D. Activation of NALP1 inflammasomes in rats with adjuvant arthritis; a novel therapeutic target of carboxyamidotriazole in a model of rheumatoid arthritis. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 172:3446-59. [PMID: 25799914 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 02/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Pro-inflammatory cytokines are important in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and their production is mainly regulated by NF-κB and inflammasomes. Carboxyamidotriazole (CAI) exhibits potent anti-inflammatory activities by decreasing cytokines. Here, we have investigated NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein (NALP) inflammasomes in a rat model of RA and explored the therapeutic effects of CAI in this model and the involvement of NF-κB and inflammasomes in the actions of CAI. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The anti-arthritic effects of CAI were assessed in the adjuvant arthritis (AA) model in rats, using radiological and histological techniques. NALP1 and NALP3 inflammasomes, NF-κB pathway and pro-inflammatory cytokines levels were measured with Western blots, immunohistochemistry and ELISA. KEY RESULTS CAI decreased the arthritis index, improved radiological and histological changes, and reduced synovial IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18 and TNF-α levels in rats with AA. Compared with normal rats, the 70 kDa NALP1 isoform was up-regulated, NALP3 was down-regulated, and levels of the 165 kDa NALP1 isoform and the adaptor protein ASC were unchanged in synovial tissue from AA rats. CAI reduced the 70 kDa NALP1 isoform and restored NALP3 levels in AA rats; CAI inhibited caspase-1 activation in AA synovial tissue, but not its enzymic activity in vitro. In addition, CAI reduced expression of p65 NF-κB subunit and IκBα phosphorylation and degradation in AA rats. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS NALP1 inflammasomes were activated in synovial tissues from AA rats and appeared to be a novel therapeutic target for RA. CAI could have therapeutic value in RA by inhibiting activation of NF-κB and NALP1 inflammasomes and by decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoli Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Danwei Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lifeng Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lingzhi Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Caiying Ye
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dechang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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The expression of NLRP3, NLRP1 and AIM2 in the gingival tissue of periodontitis patients: RT-PCR study and immunohistochemistry. Arch Oral Biol 2015; 60:948-58. [PMID: 25841070 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2015.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Revised: 11/09/2014] [Accepted: 03/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Detecting the distribution and intensity of NLRP3, NLRP1 and AIM2 expression in different types of periodontitis gingival tissues. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 65 gingival tissues were collected from clinic and been divided into three groups: patients with chronic periodontitis (CP), patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis (G-AgP) and healthy control subjects. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to detect mRNA expression of NLRP3, NLRP1 and AIM2 in full-thickness tissue. In the meanwhile, immunohistochemistry was used to detect distribution of NLRP3, NLRP1 and AIM2 in the periodontal epithelium and in the connective tissue cells. RESULTS The overall intensity of NLRP3 expression was significantly higher in CP or G-AgP than healthy tissue. A more significant difference was observed in the periodontal epithelium layer. NLRP1 was barely expressed in the healthy and periodontitis gingival tissues, whereas AIM2 was expressed at a higher level in the chronic periodontitis group than others. CONCLUSION The NLRP3, NLRP1 and AIM2 proteins were differentially expressed in gingival tissues from patients with CP and G-AgP and may play vital roles in the progression of periodontal inflammation to different degrees. Our studies may provide a new direction for personalized periodontal treatment.
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Abstract
Pattern recognition receptors are essential mediators of host defense and inflammation in the gastrointestinal system. Recent data have revealed that toll-like receptors and nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat-containing proteins (NLRs) function to maintain homeostasis between the host microbiome and mucosal immunity. The NLR proteins are a diverse class of cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptors. In humans, only about half of the identified NLRs have been adequately characterized. The majority of well-characterized NLRs participate in the formation of a multiprotein complex, termed the inflammasome, which is responsible for the maturation of interleukin-1β and interleukin-18. However, recent observations have also uncovered the presence of a novel subgroup of NLRs that function as positive or negative regulators of inflammation through modulating critical signaling pathways, including NF-κB. Dysregulation of specific NLRs from both proinflammatory and inhibitory subgroups have been associated with the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in genetically susceptible human populations. Our own preliminary retrospective data mining efforts have identified a diverse range of NLRs that are significantly altered at the messenger RNA level in colons from patients with IBD. Likewise, studies using genetically modified mouse strains have revealed that multiple NLR family members have the potential to dramatically modulate the immune response during IBD. Targeting NLR signaling represents a promising and novel therapeutic strategy. However, significant effort is necessary to translate the current understanding of NLR biology into effective therapies.
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Shi F, Zhou D, Ji Z, Xu Z, Yang H. Anti-arthritic activity of luteolin in Freund's complete adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats by suppressing P2X4 pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2014; 226:82-7. [PMID: 25450234 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2014.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Revised: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
To investigate anti-arthritic activity of luteolin (Lut) in Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA)-induced arthritis (AA) in rats. AA was induced by injecting with Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA). Male rats were randomly divided into five groups with 10 mice in each group: (1) control group (saline), (2) AA group, (3) AA+Diclofenac Sodium (AA+DS, 5 mg/kg), (4) AA+Lut (20 mg/kg), (5) AA+Lut (40 mg/kg). Male SD rats were subjected to treatment with Lut at 10 and 20 mg/kg from days 18 to 24 after immunization. Arthritic scores, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-17 (IL-17), paw histopathology and the proteins of P2X4 pathway were assessed at the end of the experiment. Lut reduced the severity of arthritic scores during the experimental period as compared with positive control (RA). Lut significantly suppressed TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β and IL-17 as compared with RA group. Histopathological examination indicated that Lut alleviated infiltration of inflammatory cells and synovial hyperplasia as well as protected joint destruction. Lut significantly suppressed P2X4, NLRP1, ASC, and Caspase-1p10. Lut may be a potential preventive or therapeutic candidate for the treatment of inflammation and arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengchao Shi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, China; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dun Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhongqiu Ji
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhaofeng Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, China.
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