1
|
Weng RC, Tsou MC, Lee JL, Tseng CM, Huang YF, Xiao YL, Lu YP, Chou WC, Chang RF, Chuang CY. Development of a rapid aptamer-chemiluminescence sensor for detecting glyphosate pesticide residue in soybeans. Talanta 2024; 272:125741. [PMID: 38359718 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Glyphosate (GLY) is a widely used herbicide worldwide, particularly in cultivating genetically modified soybeans resistant to GLY. However, routine multi-residue analysis does not include GLY due to the complexity of soybean matrix components that can interfere with the analysis. This study presented the development of an aptamer-based chemiluminescence (Apt-CL) sensor for rapidly screening GLY pesticide residue in soybeans. The GLY-binding aptamer (GBA) was developed to bind to GLY specifically, and the remaining unbound aptamers were adsorbed onto gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The signal was in the form of luminol-H2O2 emission, catalyzed by the aggregation of AuNPs in a chemiluminescent reaction arising from the GLY-GBA complex. The outcomes demonstrated a robust linear relationship between the CL intensity of GLY-GBA and the GLY concentration. In the specificity test of the GBA, only GLY and Profenofos were distinguished among the fifteen tested pesticides. Furthermore, the Apt-CL sensor was conducted to determine GLY residue in organic soybeans immersed in GLY as a real sample, and an optimal linear concentration range for detection after extraction was found to be between 0.001 and 10 mg/L. The Apt-CL sensor exploits the feasibility of real-time pesticide screening in food safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Cian Weng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Cheng Tsou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Jyun-Lin Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Ming Tseng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Residue Control Division, Agricultural Chemicals and Toxic Substances Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Fen Huang
- Institute of Analytical and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lin Xiao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Pei Lu
- Instrument Research Institute, National Applied Research Laboratories, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- Department of Environmental Sciences, College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Ruey-Feng Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Yu Chuang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wu QZ, Zeng HX, Andersson J, Oudin A, Kanninen KM, Xu MW, Qin SJ, Zeng QG, Zhao B, Zheng M, Jin N, Chou WC, Jalava P, Dong GH, Zeng XW. Long-term exposure to major constituents of fine particulate matter and neurodegenerative diseases: A population-based survey in the Pearl River Delta Region, China. J Hazard Mater 2024; 470:134161. [PMID: 38569338 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to PM2.5 has been linked to neurodegenerative diseases, with limited understanding of constituent-specific contributions. OBJECTIVES To explore the associations between long-term exposure to PM2.5 constituents and neurodegenerative diseases. METHODS We recruited 148,274 individuals aged ≥ 60 from four cities in the Pearl River Delta region, China (2020 to 2021). We calculated twenty-year average air pollutant concentrations (PM2.5 mass, black carbon (BC), organic matter (OM), ammonium (NH4+), nitrate (NO3-) and sulfate (SO42-)) at the individuals' home addresses. Neurodegenerative diseases were determined by self-reported doctor-diagnosed Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Generalized linear mixed models were employed to explore associations between pollutants and neurodegenerative disease prevalence. RESULTS PM2.5 and all five constituents were significantly associated with a higher prevalence of AD and PD. The observed associations generally exhibited a non-linear pattern. For example, compared with the lowest quartile, higher quartiles of BC were associated with greater odds for AD prevalence (i.e., the adjusted odds ratios were 1.81; 95% CI, 1.45-2.27; 1.78; 95% CI, 1.37-2.32; and 1.99; 95% CI, 1.54-2.57 for the second, third, and fourth quartiles, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Long-term exposure to PM2.5 and its constituents, particularly combustion-related BC, OM, and SO42-, was significantly associated with higher prevalence of AD and PD in Chinese individuals. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATION PM2.5 is a routinely regulated mixture of multiple hazardous constituents that can lead to diverse adverse health outcomes. However, current evidence on the specific contributions of PM2.5 constituents to health effects is scarce. This study firstly investigated the association between PM2.5 constituents and neurodegenerative diseases in the moderately to highly polluted Pearl River Delta region in China, and identified hazardous constituents within PM2.5 that have significant impacts. This study provides important implications for the development of targeted PM2.5 prevention and control policies to reduce specific hazardous PM2.5 constituents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Zhen Wu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Hui-Xian Zeng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | | | - Anna Oudin
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Katja M Kanninen
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mu-Wu Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Environment Health, School of Public and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, 14214, USA
| | - Shuang-Jian Qin
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Qing-Guo Zeng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Mei Zheng
- SKL-ESPC, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Nanxiang Jin
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States
| | - Pasi Jalava
- Department of Environmental and Biological Science, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Guang-Hui Dong
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Zeng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li S, Wu L, Zeng H, Zhang J, Qin S, Liang LX, Andersson J, Meng WJ, Chen XY, Wu QZ, Lin LZ, Chou WC, Dong GH, Zeng XW. Hepatic injury and ileitis associated with gut microbiota dysbiosis in mice upon F-53B exposure. Environ Res 2024; 248:118305. [PMID: 38307183 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate (F-53B), a substitute of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), has attracted significant attention for its link to hepatotoxicity and enterotoxicity. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms of F-53B-induced enterohepatic toxicity remain incompletely understood. This study aimed to explore the role of F-53B exposure on enterohepatic injury based on the gut microbiota, pathological and molecular analysis in mice. Here, we exposed C57BL/6 mice to F-53B (0, 4, 40, and 400 μg/L) for 28 days. Our findings revealed a significant accumulation of F-53B in the liver, followed by small intestines, and feces. In addition, F-53B induced pathological collagen fiber deposition and lipoid degeneration, up-regulated the expression of fatty acid β-oxidation-related genes (PPARα and PPARγ, etc), while simultaneously down-regulating pro-inflammatory genes (Nlrp3, IL-1β, and Mcp1) in the liver. Meanwhile, F-53B induced ileal mucosal barrier damage, and an up-regulation of pro-inflammatory genes and mucosal barrier-related genes (Muc1, Muc2, Claudin1, Occludin, Mct1, and ZO-1) in the ileum. Importantly, F-53B distinctly altered gut microbiota compositions by increasing the abundance of Akkermansia and decreasing the abundance of Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group in the feces. F-53B-altered microbiota compositions were significantly associated with genes related to fatty acid β-oxidation, inflammation, and mucosal barrier. In summary, our results demonstrate that F-53B is capable of inducing hepatic injury, ileitis, and gut microbiota dysbiosis in mice, and the gut microbiota dysbiosis may play an important role in the F-53B-induced enterohepatic toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shenpan Li
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - LuYin Wu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - HuiXian Zeng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Jing Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - ShuangJian Qin
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Li-Xia Liang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - John Andersson
- Department of Psychology Umeå University, Umeå, SE-90187, Sweden.
| | - Wen-Jie Meng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Xing-Yu Chen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Qi-Zhen Wu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Li-Zi Lin
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States.
| | - Guang-Hui Dong
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Xiao-Wen Zeng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen N, Hu H, Tang J, Zheng F, Guo Z, Lin X, Aschner M, Shao W, Yu G, Cai P, Chou WC, Wu S, Li H. LncRNA NR_030777 promotes mitophagy by targeting CDK1-related mitochondrial fission and ATG12 to attenuate paraquat-induced Parkinson's disease. Environ Pollut 2024; 349:123875. [PMID: 38548152 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
With the evidence emerging that abnormal expression of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in onset of Parkinson's disease (PD), the role of NR_030777 contributing to this disease is of great interest. We recently found that a novel lncRNA "NR_030777" demonstrates protective effects on PQ-induced neurodegeneration. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of NR_030777 in the regulation of mitochondrial fission and mitophagy involved in PQ-induced neuronal damage remain to be explored. NR_030777 brain conditional overexpressing mice as well as in vitro primary neuronal cells from cerebral cortex and Neuro2a cells were adopted. Immunofluorescence, Immunohistochemistry, qRT-PCR and Western blotting were used to evaluate the expression levels of RNA and proteins. RNA immunoprecipitation and RNA pulldown experiment were used to evaluate the interaction of NR_030777 with its target proteins. NR_030777 and mitophagy were increased, and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) levels recovered after NR_030777 overexpression upon PQ treatment. The overexpression and knockdown of NR_030777 unveiled that NR_030777 positively regulated mitophagy such as the upregulation of LC3B-II:I, ATG12-ATG5, p62 and NBR1. Moreover, the application of mdivi-1, a DRP-1 inhibitor, in combination with NR_030777 genetic modified cells unveiled that NR_030777 promoted DRP1-mediated mitochondrial fission and mitophagy. Furthermore, NR_030777 were directly bound to CDK1 to increase p-DRP1 levels at the Ser616 site, leading to mitochondrial fission and mitophagy. On the other hand, NR_030777 acted directly on ATG12 within the ATG12-ATG5 complex in the 800-1400 nt region to modulate the membrane formation. Accordingly, NR_030777 deficiency in neuron cells compromised cell mitophagy. Finally, the above findings were confirmed using NR_030777-overexpressing mice. NR_030777 exerted a protective effect on PQ-exposed mice by enhancing mitophagy. Our data provide the first scientific evidence for the precise invention of PQ-induced PD. Our findings further propose a breakthrough for understanding the regulatory relationship between NR_030777, CDK1, ATG12 and mitophagy in PQ-induced PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nengzhou Chen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China; Department of Labor Hygiene and Environmental Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Hong Hu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China; The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Jianping Tang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Fuli Zheng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China; The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Zhenkun Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Xinpei Lin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Wenya Shao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China; The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Guangxia Yu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China; The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Ping Cai
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- Department of Environmental and Global Health and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Siying Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Huangyuan Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China; The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chou WC, Lin Z. Impact of protein coronas on nanoparticle interactions with tissues and targeted delivery. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2024; 85:103046. [PMID: 38103519 PMCID: PMC11000521 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2023.103046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
A major challenge in advancing nanoparticle (NP)-based delivery systems stems from the intricate interactions between NPs and biological systems. These interactions are largely determined by the formation of the NP-protein corona (PC), in which proteins spontaneously adsorb to the surface of NPs. The PC endows the NPs with a new biological identity, capable of altering the interactions of NPs with targeting organs and subsequent biological fate. This review discusses the mechanisms behind PC-mediated effects on tissue distribution of NPs, aiming to provide insights into the role of PC and its potential applications in NP-based drug delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chun Chou
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - Zhoumeng Lin
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chou WC, Tell LA, Baynes RE, Davis JL, Cheng YH, Maunsell FP, Riviere JE, Lin Z. Development and application of an interactive generic physiologically based pharmacokinetic (igPBPK) model for adult beef cattle and lactating dairy cows to estimate tissue distribution and edible tissue and milk withdrawal intervals for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 181:114062. [PMID: 37769896 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.114062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Humans can be exposed to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) through dietary intake from milk and edible tissues from food animals. This study developed a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model to predict tissue and milk residues and estimate withdrawal intervals (WDIs) for multiple PFAS including PFOA, PFOS and PFHxS in beef cattle and lactating dairy cows. Results showed that model predictions were mostly within a two-fold factor of experimental data for plasma, tissues, and milk with an estimated coefficient of determination (R2) of >0.95. The predicted muscle WDIs for beef cattle were <1 day for PFOA, 449 days for PFOS, and 69 days for PFHxS, while the predicted milk WDIs in dairy cows were <1 day for PFOA, 1345 days for PFOS, and zero day for PFHxS following a high environmental exposure scenario (e.g., 49.3, 193, and 161 ng/kg/day for PFOA, PFOS, and PFHxS, respectively, for beef cattle for 2 years). The model was converted to a web-based interactive generic PBPK (igPBPK) platform to provide a user-friendly dashboard for predictions of tissue and milk WDIs for PFAS in cattle. This model serves as a foundation for extrapolation to other PFAS compounds to improve safety assessment of cattle-derived food products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chun Chou
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA; Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, FL, 32608, USA.
| | - Lisa A Tell
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Ronald E Baynes
- Center for Chemical Toxicology Research and Pharmacokinetics, Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA.
| | - Jennifer L Davis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, 24060, USA.
| | - Yi-Hsien Cheng
- Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA; Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA.
| | - Fiona P Maunsell
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA.
| | - Jim E Riviere
- Center for Chemical Toxicology Research and Pharmacokinetics, Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA; 1Data Consortium, Kansas State University, Olathe, KS, 66061, USA.
| | - Zhoumeng Lin
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA; Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, FL, 32608, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chen Q, Yuan L, Chou WC, Cheng YH, He C, Monteiro-Riviere NA, Riviere JE, Lin Z. Meta-Analysis of Nanoparticle Distribution in Tumors and Major Organs in Tumor-Bearing Mice. ACS Nano 2023; 17:19810-19831. [PMID: 37812732 PMCID: PMC10604101 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c04037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Low tumor delivery efficiency is a critical barrier in cancer nanomedicine. This study reports an updated version of "Nano-Tumor Database", which increases the number of time-dependent concentration data sets for different nanoparticles (NPs) in tumors from the previous version of 376 data sets with 1732 data points from 200 studies to the current version of 534 data sets with 2345 data points from 297 studies published from 2005 to 2021. Additionally, the current database includes 1972 data sets for five major organs (i.e., liver, spleen, lung, heart, and kidney) with a total of 8461 concentration data points. Tumor delivery and organ distribution are calculated using three pharmacokinetic parameters, including delivery efficiency, maximum concentration, and distribution coefficient. The median tumor delivery efficiency is 0.67% injected dose (ID), which is low but is consistent with previous studies. Employing the best regression model for tumor delivery efficiency, we generate hypothetical scenarios with different combinations of NP factors that may lead to a higher delivery efficiency of >3%ID, which requires further experimentation to confirm. In healthy organs, the highest NP accumulation is in the liver (10.69%ID/g), followed by the spleen 6.93%ID/g and the kidney 3.22%ID/g. Our perspective on how to facilitate NP design and clinical translation is presented. This study reports a substantially expanded "Nano-Tumor Database" and several statistical models that may help nanomedicine design in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiran Chen
- Department
of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health
Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32608, United States
- Center
for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Long Yuan
- Department
of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health
Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32608, United States
- Center
for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- Department
of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health
Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32608, United States
- Center
for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Yi-Hsien Cheng
- Department
of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State
University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
- Institute
of Computational Comparative Medicine, Kansas
State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Chunla He
- Department
of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health
Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32608, United States
- Department
of Biostatistics College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32608, United States
| | - Nancy A. Monteiro-Riviere
- Nanotechnology
Innovation Center of Kansas State, Kansas
State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
- Center
for Chemical Toxicology Research and Pharmacokinetics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
| | - Jim E. Riviere
- Center
for Chemical Toxicology Research and Pharmacokinetics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
- 1
Data Consortium, Kansas State University, Olathe, Kansas 66061, United States
| | - Zhoumeng Lin
- Department
of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health
Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32608, United States
- Center
for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Qin S, Zeng H, Wu Q, Li Q, Zeeshan M, Ye L, Jiang Y, Zhang R, Jiang X, Li M, Zhang R, Chen W, Chou WC, Dong GH, Li DC, Zeng XW. An integrative analysis of lipidomics and transcriptomics in various mouse brain regions in response to real-ambient PM 2.5 exposure. Sci Total Environ 2023; 895:165112. [PMID: 37364843 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been associated with various neurological disorders. However, the underlying mechanisms of PM2.5-induced adverse effects on the brain are still not fully defined. Multi-omics analyses could offer novel insights into the mechanisms of PM2.5-induced brain dysfunction. In this study, a real-ambient PM2.5 exposure system was applied to male C57BL/6 mice for 16 weeks, and lipidomics and transcriptomics analysis were performed in four brain regions. The findings revealed that PM2.5 exposure led to 548, 283, 304, and 174 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), as well as 184, 89, 228, and 49 distinctive lipids in the hippocampus, striatum, cerebellum, and olfactory bulb, respectively. Additionally, in most brain regions, PM2.5-induced DEGs were mainly involved in neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and calcium signaling pathway, while PM2.5-altered lipidomic profile were primarily enriched in retrograde endocannabinoid signaling and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids. Importantly, mRNA-lipid correlation networks revealed that PM2.5-altered lipids and DEGs were obviously enriched in pathways involving in bile acid biosynthesis, De novo fatty acid biosynthesis, and saturated fatty acids beta-oxidation in brain regions. Furthermore, multi-omics analyses revealed that the hippocampus was the most sensitive part to PM2.5 exposure. Specifically, dysregulation of Pla2g1b, Pla2g, Alox12, Alox15, and Gpx4 induced by PM2.5 were closely correlated to the disruption of alpha-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid and linoleic acid metabolism in the hippocampus. In summary, our findings highlight differential lipidomic and transcriptional signatures of various brain regions by real-ambient PM2.5 exposure, which will advance our understanding of potential mechanisms of PM2.5-induecd neurotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuangjian Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Huixian Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Qizhen Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Qingqing Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Mohammed Zeeshan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Lizhu Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yue Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xinhang Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Miao Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States
| | - Guang-Hui Dong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Dao-Chuan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Xiao-Wen Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
The mammalian NLR gene family was first reported over 20 years ago, although several genes that were later grouped into the family were already known at that time. Although it is widely known that NLRs include inflammasome receptors and/or sensors that promote the maturation of caspase 1, IL-1β, IL-18 and gasdermin D to drive inflammation and cell death, the other functions of NLR family members are less well appreciated by the scientific community. Examples include MHC class II transactivator (CIITA), a master transcriptional activator of MHC class II genes, which was the first mammalian NBD-LRR-containing protein to be identified, and NLRC5, which regulates the expression of MHC class I genes. Other NLRs govern key inflammatory signalling pathways or interferon responses, and several NLR family members serve as negative regulators of innate immune responses. Multiple NLRs regulate the balance of cell death, cell survival, autophagy, mitophagy and even cellular metabolism. Perhaps the least discussed group of NLRs are those with functions in the mammalian reproductive system. The focus of this Review is to provide a synopsis of the NLR family, including both the intensively studied and the underappreciated members. We focus on the function, structure and disease relevance of NLRs and highlight issues that have received less attention in the NLR field. We hope this may serve as an impetus for future research on the conventional and non-conventional roles of NLRs within and beyond the immune system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chun Chou
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Sushmita Jha
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, India
| | - Michael W Linhoff
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Jenny P-Y Ting
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Liu LS, Guo YT, Wu QZ, Zeeshan M, Qin SJ, Zeng HX, Lin LZ, Chou WC, Yu YJ, Dong GH, Zeng XW. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in ambient fine particulate matter in the Pearl River Delta, China: Levels, distribution and health implications. Environ Pollut 2023; 334:122138. [PMID: 37453686 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have attracted worldwide attention as one of persistent organic pollutants; however, there is limited knowledge about the exposure concentrations of PFAS-contained ambient particulate matter and the related health risks. This study investigated the abundance and distribution of 32 PFAS in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) collected from 93 primary or secondary schools across the Pearl River Delta region (PRD), China. These chemicals comprise four PFAS categories which includes perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs), perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids (PFSAs), perfluoroalkyl acid (PFAA) precursors and PFAS alternatives. In general, concentrations of target PFAS ranged from 11.52 to 419.72 pg/m3 (median: 57.29 pg/m3) across sites. By categories, concentrations of PFSAs (median: 26.05 pg/m3) were the dominant PFAS categories, followed by PFCAs (14.25 pg/m3), PFAS alternatives (2.75 pg/m3) and PFAA precursors (1.10 pg/m3). By individual PFAS, PFOS and PFOA were the dominant PFAS, which average concentration were 24.18 pg/m3 and 6.05 pg/m3, respectively. Seasonal variation showed that the concentrations of PFCAs and PFSAs were higher in winter than in summer, whereas opposite seasonal trends were observed in PFAA precursors and PFAS alternatives. Estimated daily intake (EDI) and hazard quotient (HQ) were used to assess human inhalation-based exposure risks to PFAS. Although the health risks of PFAS via inhalation were insignificant (HQ far less than one), sufficient attention should be levied to ascertain the human exposure risks through inhalation, given that exposure to PFAS through air inhalation is a long term and cumulative process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Sheng Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yu-Ting Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Qi-Zhen Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Mohammed Zeeshan
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Shuang-Jian Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Hui-Xian Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Li-Zi Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA; Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA
| | - Yun-Jiang Yu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Guang-Hui Dong
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chou WC, Chen Q, Yuan L, Cheng YH, He C, Monteiro-Riviere NA, Riviere JE, Lin Z. An artificial intelligence-assisted physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model to predict nanoparticle delivery to tumors in mice. J Control Release 2023; 361:53-63. [PMID: 37499908 PMCID: PMC11008607 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The critical barrier for clinical translation of cancer nanomedicine stems from the inefficient delivery of nanoparticles (NPs) to target solid tumors. Rapid growth of computational power, new machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI) approaches provide new tools to address this challenge. In this study, we established an AI-assisted physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model by integrating an AI-based quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) model with a PBPK model to simulate tumor-targeted delivery efficiency (DE) and biodistribution of various NPs. The AI-based QSAR model was developed using machine learning and deep neural network algorithms that were trained with datasets from a published "Nano-Tumor Database" to predict critical input parameters of the PBPK model. The PBPK model with optimized NP cellular uptake kinetic parameters was used to predict the maximum delivery efficiency (DEmax) and DE at 24 (DE24) and 168 h (DE168) of different NPs in the tumor after intravenous injection and achieved a determination coefficient of R2 = 0.83 [root mean squared error (RMSE) = 3.01] for DE24, R2 = 0.56 (RMSE = 2.27) for DE168, and R2 = 0.82 (RMSE = 3.51) for DEmax. The AI-PBPK model predictions correlated well with available experimentally-measured pharmacokinetic profiles of different NPs in tumors after intravenous injection (R2 ≥ 0.70 for 133 out of 288 datasets). This AI-based PBPK model provides an efficient screening tool to rapidly predict delivery efficiency of a NP based on its physicochemical properties without relying on an animal training dataset.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chun Chou
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA; Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Qiran Chen
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA; Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Long Yuan
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA; Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Yi-Hsien Cheng
- Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Chunla He
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA; Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - Nancy A Monteiro-Riviere
- Nanotechnology Innovation Center of Kansas State, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA; Center for Chemical Toxicology Research and Pharmacokinetics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Jim E Riviere
- Center for Chemical Toxicology Research and Pharmacokinetics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA; 1Data Consortium, Kansas State University, Olathe, KS 66061, USA
| | - Zhoumeng Lin
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA; Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cai D, Li QQ, Mohammed Z, Chou WC, Huang J, Kong M, Xie Y, Yu Y, Hu G, Qi J, Zhou Y, Tan W, Lin L, Qiu R, Dong G, Zeng XW. Fetal Glucocorticoid Mediates the Association between Prenatal Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance Exposure and Neonatal Growth Index: Evidence from a Birth Cohort Study. Environ Sci Technol 2023; 57:11420-11429. [PMID: 37494580 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c08831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Glucocorticoid plays a key role in the growth and organ maturation of fetus. However, the effect of glucocorticoid on the association between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) exposure and fetal growth is still unknown. We detected cord cortisol (active glucocorticoid in human) and 34 PFAS concentrations in the maternal serum samples, which were collected from 202 mother-fetus pairs in the Maoming Birth Cohort from 2015 to 2018. The mediation effect of cord cortisol on the association between maternal PFAS and the neonatal growth index (NGI) was estimated. We found that higher PFAS concentrations were associated with lower NGI in terms of ponderal index, birth weight (BW), head circumference (HC), and its z-scores (BWZ and HCZ) (P < 0.05). Fetal cortisol could mediate 12.6-27.3% of the associations between PFAS and NGI. Specifically, cord cortisol mediated the association between branched perfluorooctane sulfonate (branched PFOS) and HCZ by 20.4% and between perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and HCZ by 27.3%. Our findings provide the first epidemiological data evincing that fetal cortisol could mediate the association between prenatal PFAS exposure and fetal growth. Further investigations are recommended to elucidate the interactions among cord cortisol, PFAS, and fetal growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Cai
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Qing-Qing Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zeeshan Mohammed
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Jinbo Huang
- Maoming Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Maoming 525000, China
| | - Minli Kong
- Maoming Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Maoming 525000, China
| | - Yanqi Xie
- Maoming Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Maoming 525000, China
| | - Yunjiang Yu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Guocheng Hu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Jianying Qi
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Weihong Tan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and Genetics Center, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Lizi Lin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Rongliang Qiu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guanghui Dong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Zeng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chou WC, Jha S, Linhoff MW, Ting JPY. Author Correction: The NLR gene family: from discovery to present day. Nat Rev Immunol 2023; 23:472. [PMID: 37198352 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-023-00891-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chun Chou
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Sushmita Jha
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, India
| | - Michael W Linhoff
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Jenny P-Y Ting
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Liao KW, Chen PC, Chou WC, Shiue I, Huang HI, Chang WT, Huang PC. Human biomonitoring reference values, exposure distribution, and characteristics of metals in the general population of Taiwan: Taiwan environmental survey for Toxicants (TESTs), 2013-2016. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2023; 252:114195. [PMID: 37321161 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2023.114195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Human biomonitoring (HBM) provides information to identify chemicals that need to be assessed regarding potential health risks to human populations. We established a population-representative sample in Taiwan, namely the Taiwan Environmental Survey for Toxicants (TESTs) in 2013-2016. In total, 1871 participants (aged 7-97 years) were recruited from throughout Taiwan. A questionnaire survey was applied to obtain individuals' demographic characteristics, and urine samples were obtained to assess metal concentrations. Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry was used to determine concentrations of urinary As (total), Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ga, In, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, Sr, Tl, and Zn. The purpose of this study was to establish the human urinary reference levels (RVs) for metals in the general population of Taiwan. We found that median concentrations of urinary Cu, Fe, Pb, and Zn in males were statistically significant (p < 0.05) higher than in females (Cu: 11.48 vs. 10.00 μg/L; Fe: 11.48 vs. 10.46 μg/L; Pb: 0.87 vs. 0.76 μg/L; and Zn: 448.93 vs. 348.35 μg/L). On the contrary, Cd and Co were significantly lower in males than in females (Cd: 0.61 vs. 0.64 μg/L; and Co: 0.27 vs. 0.40 μg/L). Urinary Cd levels in the ≥18-year-old group (0.69 μg/L) were significantly higher than those in the 7-17-year-old group (0.49 μg/L, p < 0.001). Among the investigated metals, most were significantly higher in the 7-17-year-old group than in the ≥18-year-old group, except for Cd, Ga, and Pb. Participants who lived in central Taiwan had higher median levels of urinary Cd, Cu, Ga, Ni, and Zn than those in other regions. Median levels of urinary As, Cd, Pb, and Se were significantly higher in participants who lived in harbor (94.12 μg/L), suburban (0.68 μg/L), industrial (0.92 μg/L), and rural (50.29 μg/L) areas, respectively, than the others who lived in other areas. RV95 percentiles of urinary metals (ng/mL) for 7-17/≥18-year-old groups were As (346.9/370.0), Cd (1.41/2.21), Co (2.30/1.73), Cr (0.88/0.88), Cu (28.02/22.78), Fe (42.27/42.36), Ga (0.13/0.12), In (0.05/0.04), Mn (3.83/2.91), Ni (8.09/6.17), Pb (8.09/5.75), Se (122.4/101.9), Sr (556.5/451.3), Tl (0.57/0.49), and Zn (1314.6/1058.8). In this study, we have highlighted the importance of As, Cd, Pb, and Mn exposure in the general population of Taiwan. The established RV95 of urinary metals in Taiwanese would be fundamental information to promote the reduction of metal exposure or policy intervention. We concluded that urinary levels of exposure to certain metals in the general Taiwanese population varied by sex, age, region, and urbanization level. References of metal exposure in Taiwan were established in the current study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Wei Liao
- School of Food Safety, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pau-Chung Chen
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan; Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ivy Shiue
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-I Huang
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ting Chang
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chin Huang
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Huang PC, Chou WC. Unveiling the Hidden Dangers of Plasticizers: A Call for Immediate Action. Toxics 2023; 11:527. [PMID: 37368627 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11060527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Over the last several decades, plasticizers have seamlessly integrated themselves into our daily routines, permeating a vast array of commonly encountered products such as food containers, toys, medicines, building materials, electronic devices, cosmetics, perfumes, and personal care items [...].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Po-Chin Huang
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 701, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions (PHHP), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 326, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lin YS, Morozov V, Kadry AR, Caffrey J, Chou WC. Reconstructing population exposures to acrylamide from human monitoring data using a pharmacokinetic framework. Chemosphere 2023; 331:138798. [PMID: 37137393 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acrylamide toxicity involves several metabolic pathways. Thus, a panel of blood and urinary biomarkers for the evaluation of acrylamide exposure was deemed appropriate. OBJECTIVE The study was designed to evaluate daily acrylamide exposure in US adults via hemoglobin adducts and urinary metabolites using a pharmacokinetic framework. METHODS A cohort of 2798 subjects aged 20-79 was selected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2013-2016) for analysis. Three acrylamide biomarkers including hemoglobin adducts of acrylamide in blood and two urine metabolites, N-Acetyl-S-(2-carbamoylethyl)cysteine (AAMA) and N-Acetyl-S-(2-carbamoyl-2-hydroxyethyl)-l-cysteine (GAMA) were used to estimate daily acrylamide exposure using validated pharmacokinetic prediction models. Multivariate regression models were also used to examine key factors in determining estimated acrylamide intake. RESULTS The estimated daily acrylamide exposure varied across the sampled population. Estimated acrylamide daily exposure was comparable among the three different biomarkers (median: 0.4-0.7 μg/kg/d). Cigarette smoking emerged as the leading contributor to the acquired acrylamide dose. Smokers had the highest estimated acrylamide intake (1.20-1.49 μg/kg/d) followed by passive smokers (0.47-0.61) and non-smokers (0.45-0.59). Several covariates, particularly, body mass index and race/ethnicity, played roles in determining estimated exposures. DISCUSSION Estimated daily acrylamide exposures among US adults using multiple acrylamide biomarkers were similar to populations reported elsewhere providing additional support for using the current approach in assessing acrylamide exposure. This analysis assumes that the biomarkers used indicate intake of acrylamide into the body, which is consistent with the substantial known exposures due to diet and smoking. Although this study did not explicitly evaluate background exposure arising from analytical or internal biochemical factors, these findings suggest that the use of multiple biomarkers may reduce uncertainties regarding the ability of any single biomarker to accurately represent actual systemic exposures to the agent. This study also highlights the value of integrating a pharmacokinetic approach into exposure assessments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Sheng Lin
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. EPA, Washington, DC, 20460, USA.
| | - Viktor Morozov
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. EPA, Washington, DC, 20460, USA
| | - Abdel-Razak Kadry
- University of Maryland, School of Public Health, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - James Caffrey
- University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, 76107, USA
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- University of Florida, Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Li QQ, Huang J, Cai D, Chou WC, Zeeshan M, Chu C, Zhou Y, Lin L, Ma HM, Tang C, Kong M, Xie Y, Dong GH, Zeng XW. Prenatal Exposure to Legacy and Alternative Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Neuropsychological Development Trajectories over the First 3 Years of Life. Environ Sci Technol 2023; 57:3746-3757. [PMID: 36800558 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c07807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The neurotoxic effects of prenatal exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) on offspring animals are well-documented. However, epidemiological evidence for legacy PFAS is inconclusive, and for alternative PFAS, it is little known. In this investigation, we selected 718 mother-child pairs from the Chinese Maoming Birth Cohort Study and measured 17 legacy and alternative PFAS in the third-trimester serum. Neuropsychological developments (communication, gross motor function, fine motor function, problem solving ability, and personal-social skills) were assessed at 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, and 36 months using the Ages and Stages Questionnaires 3rd edition. Trajectories of each subscale were classified into persistently low and persistently high groups via group-based trajectory modeling. Logistic regression and grouped weighted quantile sum were fitted to assess the potential effects of individual PFAS and their mixtures, respectively. Higher linear PFHxS levels were associated with elevated odds for the persistently low trajectories of communication (OR = 1.73; 95% CI: 1.12, 2.66) and problem solving ability (OR = 2.11; 95% CI: 1.14, 3.90). Similar findings were observed for linear PFOS, 1m-PFOS, PFDA, PFDoDA, PFUnDA, and legacy PFAS mixture. However, no association was observed for alternative PFAS and their mixture. We provided insights into the longitudinal links between prenatal legacy/alternative PFAS exposure and neuropsychological development trajectories over the first 3 years of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Qing Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jinbo Huang
- Maoming Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Maoming 525000, Guangdong, China
| | - Dan Cai
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Mohammed Zeeshan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Chu Chu
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Lizi Lin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Hui-Min Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Cuilan Tang
- Maoming Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Maoming 525000, Guangdong, China
| | - Minli Kong
- Maoming Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Maoming 525000, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanqi Xie
- Maoming Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Maoming 525000, Guangdong, China
| | - Guang-Hui Dong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Zeng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sun L, Feng H, Misumi I, Shirasaki T, Hensley L, González-López O, Shiota I, Chou WC, Ting JPY, Cullen JM, Cowley DO, Whitmire JK, Lemon SM. Viral protease cleavage of MAVS in genetically modified mice with hepatitis A virus infection. J Hepatol 2023; 78:271-280. [PMID: 36152761 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2022.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Consistent with its relatively narrow host species range, hepatitis A virus (HAV) cannot infect C57BL/6 mice. However, in Mavs-/- mice with genetic deficiency of the innate immune signaling adaptor MAVS, HAV replicates robustly in the absence of disease. The HAV 3ABC protease cleaves MAVS in human cells, thereby disrupting virus-induced IFN responses, but it cannot cleave murine MAVS (mMAVS) due to sequence differences at the site of scission. Here, we sought to elucidate the role of 3ABC MAVS cleavage in determining HAV pathogenesis and host species range. METHODS Using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, we established two independent lineages of C57BL/6 mice with knock-in mutations altering two amino acids in mMAVS ('mMAVS-VS'), rendering it susceptible to 3ABC cleavage without loss of signaling function. We challenged homozygous Mavsvs/vs mice with HAV, and compared infection outcomes with C57BL/6 and genetically deficient Mavs-/- mice. RESULTS The humanized murine mMAVS-VS protein was cleaved as efficiently as human MAVS when co-expressed with 3ABC in Huh-7 cells. In embyronic fibroblasts from Mavsvs/vs mice, mMAVS-VS was cleaved by ectopically expressed 3ABC, significantly disrupting Sendai virus-induced IFN responses. However, in contrast to Mavs-/- mice with genetic MAVS deficiency, HAV failed to establish infection in Mavsvs/vs mice, even with additional genetic knockout of Trif or Irf1. Nonetheless, when crossed with permissive Ifnar1-/- mice lacking type I IFN receptors, Mavsvs/vsIfnar1-/- mice demonstrated enhanced viral replication coupled with significant reductions in serum alanine aminotransferase, hepatocellular apoptosis, and intrahepatic inflammatory cell infiltrates compared with Ifnar1-/- mice. CONCLUSIONS MAVS cleavage by 3ABC boosts viral replication and disrupts disease pathogenesis, but it is not by itself sufficient to break the host-species barrier to HAV infection in mice. IMPACT AND IMPLICATIONS The limited host range of human hepatitis viruses could be explained by species-specific viral strategies that disrupt innate immune responses. Both hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis C virus express viral proteases that cleave the innate immune adaptor protein MAVS, in human but not mouse cells. However, the impact of this immune evasion strategy has never been assessed in vivo. Here we show that HAV 3ABC protease cleavage of MAVS enhances viral replication and lessens liver inflammation in mice lacking interferon receptors, but that it is insufficient by itself to overcome the cross-species barrier to infection in mice. These results enhance our understanding of how hepatitis viruses interact with the host and their impact on innate immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Sun
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Hui Feng
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Ichiro Misumi
- Department of Genetics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599 USA
| | - Takayoshi Shirasaki
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Lucinda Hensley
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Olga González-López
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Itoe Shiota
- Department of Genetics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599 USA
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Jenny P-Y Ting
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA; Department of Genetics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599 USA
| | - John M Cullen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27607, USA
| | - Dale O Cowley
- Department of Genetics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599 USA; Animal Models Core Facility, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Jason K Whitmire
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA; Department of Genetics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599 USA; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Stanley M Lemon
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA; Department of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Chou WC, Lin Z. Machine learning and artificial intelligence in physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling. Toxicol Sci 2023; 191:1-14. [PMID: 36156156 PMCID: PMC9887681 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfac101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models are useful tools in drug development and risk assessment of environmental chemicals. PBPK model development requires the collection of species-specific physiological, and chemical-specific absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) parameters, which can be a time-consuming and expensive process. This raises a need to create computational models capable of predicting input parameter values for PBPK models, especially for new compounds. In this review, we summarize an emerging paradigm for integrating PBPK modeling with machine learning (ML) or artificial intelligence (AI)-based computational methods. This paradigm includes 3 steps (1) obtain time-concentration PK data and/or ADME parameters from publicly available databases, (2) develop ML/AI-based approaches to predict ADME parameters, and (3) incorporate the ML/AI models into PBPK models to predict PK summary statistics (eg, area under the curve and maximum plasma concentration). We also discuss a neural network architecture "neural ordinary differential equation (Neural-ODE)" that is capable of providing better predictive capabilities than other ML methods when used to directly predict time-series PK profiles. In order to support applications of ML/AI methods for PBPK model development, several challenges should be addressed (1) as more data become available, it is important to expand the training set by including the structural diversity of compounds to improve the prediction accuracy of ML/AI models; (2) due to the black box nature of many ML models, lack of sufficient interpretability is a limitation; (3) Neural-ODE has great potential to be used to generate time-series PK profiles for new compounds with limited ADME information, but its application remains to be explored. Despite existing challenges, ML/AI approaches will continue to facilitate the efficient development of robust PBPK models for a large number of chemicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chun Chou
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - Zhoumeng Lin
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Huang PC, Chen HC, Chou WC, Lin HW, Chang WT, Chang JW. Cumulative risk assessment and exposure characteristics of parabens in the general Taiwanese using multiple hazard indices approaches. Sci Total Environ 2022; 843:156821. [PMID: 35738379 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Parabens, a group of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), are well known preservatives in pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs). However, studies on parabens exposure and their cumulative effects in Asian population are limited. This study aimed to identify the exposure characteristics and estimate the cumulative risk of four parabens in the general Taiwanese. We have collected urine samples including 271 adults (18-97 yrs old) and 95 minors (7-17 yrs old), from Taiwan Environmental Survey for Toxicants 2013, and analyzed for four urinary parabens including methyl (MeP)-, ethyl (EtP)-, propyl (PrP)-, and butylparaben (BuP) by using ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The health-based guidance value (HBGV) and the antiandrogenic properties of parabens were used to calculate the hazard index (HI) for cumulative risk. MeP and PrP were most abundant compounds and startlingly higher than those in other countries. Adults had a higher geometric mean level of four parabens than minors (adults: MeP, 381.7; PrP, 108.6; EtP, 39.6 and BuP 6.3 ng/mL; minors: MeP, 65.7; PrP, 7.9, EtP, 2.6 and BuP 2.2 ng/mL). Participants who used a higher number of personal care products had a significantly higher risk with higher concentrations of PrP (above 75th %tile) [adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.79, 95 % CI: 1.01-3.15] and BuP [aOR: 1.78, 95 % CI: 1.03-3.07]. The median and 95th %tile HI (the sum of the HQs of each paraben) was as 1.10 and 4.39-fold higher than acceptable cumulative threshold (HI <1) and PrP accounted for 90 % of the HI. Our results indicate omnipresent exposure to parabens among the Taiwanese population, which might cause certain level of concerns. These significant increasing trends of HI with age dependence were observed, which mainly driven by PPCPS used. Routine survey of parabens in PPCPs and continued biomonitoring needs to be urgently addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Po-Chin Huang
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, National United University, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Chang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - Hui-Wen Lin
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ting Chang
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Wei Chang
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Watkins-Schulz R, Batty CJ, Stiepel RT, Schmidt ME, Sandor AM, Chou WC, Ainslie KM, Bachelder EM, Ting JPY. Microparticle Delivery of a STING Agonist Enables Indirect Activation of NK Cells by Antigen-Presenting Cells. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:3125-3138. [PMID: 35913984 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are an important member of the innate immune system and can participate in direct tumor cell killing in response to immunotherapies. One class of immunotherapy is stimulator of interferon gene (STING) agonists, which result in a robust type I interferon (IFN-I) response. Most mechanistic studies involving STING have focused on macrophages and T cells. Nevertheless, NK cells are also activated by IFN-I, but the effect of STING activation on NK cells remains to be adequately investigated. We show that both direct treatment with soluble STING agonist cyclic di-guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate (cGAMP) and indirect treatment with cGAMP encapsulated in microparticles (MPs) result in NK cell activation in vitro, although the former requires 100× more cGAMP than the latter. Additionally, direct activation with cGAMP leads to NK cell death. Indirect activation with cGAMP MPs does not result in NK cell death but rather cell activation and cell killing in vitro. In vivo, treatment with soluble cGAMP and cGAMP MPs both cause short-term activation, whereas only cGAMP MP treatment produces long-term changes in NK cell activation markers. Thus, this work indicates that treatment with an encapsulated STING agonist activates NK cells more efficiently than that with soluble cGAMP. In both the in vitro and in vivo systems, the MP delivery system results in more robust effects at a greatly reduced dosage. These results have potential applications in aiding the improvement of cancer immunotherapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah Watkins-Schulz
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Cole J Batty
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Rebeca T Stiepel
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Megan E Schmidt
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Adam M Sandor
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Kristy M Ainslie
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Eric M Bachelder
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Jenny P-Y Ting
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States.,Center for Translational Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Abstract
Machine learning and artificial intelligence approaches have revolutionized multiple disciplines, including toxicology. This review summarizes representative recent applications of machine learning and artificial intelligence approaches in different areas of toxicology, including physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling, quantitative structure-activity relationship modeling for toxicity prediction, adverse outcome pathway analysis, high-throughput screening, toxicogenomics, big data and toxicological databases. By leveraging machine learning and artificial intelligence approaches, now it is possible to develop PBPK models for hundreds of chemicals efficiently, to create in silico models to predict toxicity for a large number of chemicals with similar accuracies compared to in vivo animal experiments, and to analyze a large amount of different types of data (toxicogenomics, high-content image data, etc.) to generate new insights into toxicity mechanisms rapidly, which was impossible by manual approaches in the past. To continue advancing the field of toxicological sciences, several challenges should be considered: (1) not all machine learning models are equally useful for a particular type of toxicology data, and thus it is important to test different methods to determine the optimal approach; (2) current toxicity prediction is mainly on bioactivity classification (yes/no), so additional studies are needed to predict the intensity of effect or dose-response relationship; (3) as more data become available, it is crucial to perform rigorous data quality check and develop infrastructure to store, share, analyze, evaluate, and manage big data; and (4) it is important to convert machine learning models to user-friendly interfaces to facilitate their applications by both computational and bench scientists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhoumeng Lin
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.,Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, FL, 32608, USA
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.,Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, FL, 32608, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Chou WC, Cheng YH, Riviere JE, Monteiro-Riviere NA, Kreyling WG, Lin Z. Development of a multi-route physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for nanomaterials: a comparison between a traditional versus a new route-specific approach using gold nanoparticles in rats. Part Fibre Toxicol 2022; 19:47. [PMID: 35804418 PMCID: PMC9264615 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-022-00489-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is an important tool in predicting target organ dosimetry and risk assessment of nanoparticles (NPs). The methodology of building a multi-route PBPK model for NPs has not been established, nor systematically evaluated. In this study, we hypothesized that the traditional route-to-route extrapolation approach of PBPK modeling that is typically used for small molecules may not be appropriate for NPs. To test this hypothesis, the objective of this study was to develop a multi-route PBPK model for different sizes (1.4–200 nm) of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in adult rats following different routes of administration (i.e., intravenous (IV), oral gavage, intratracheal instillation, and endotracheal inhalation) using two approaches: a traditional route-to-route extrapolation approach for small molecules and a new approach that is based on route-specific data that we propose to be applied generally to NPs. Results We found that the PBPK model using this new approach had superior performance than the traditional approach. The final PBPK model was optimized rigorously using a Bayesian hierarchical approach with Markov chain Monte Carlo simulations, and then converted to a web-based interface using R Shiny. In addition, quantitative structure–activity relationships (QSAR) based multivariate linear regressions were established to predict the route-specific key biodistribution parameters (e.g., maximum uptake rate) based on the physicochemical properties of AuNPs (e.g., size, surface area, dose, Zeta potential, and NP numbers). These results showed the size and surface area of AuNPs were the main determinants for endocytic/phagocytic uptake rates regardless of the route of administration, while Zeta potential was an important parameter for the estimation of the exocytic release rates following IV administration. Conclusions This study suggests that traditional route-to-route extrapolation approaches for PBPK modeling of small molecules are not applicable to NPs. Therefore, multi-route PBPK models for NPs should be developed using route-specific data. This novel PBPK-based web interface serves as a foundation for extrapolating to other NPs and to humans to facilitate biodistribution estimation, safety, and risk assessment of NPs. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12989-022-00489-4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chun Chou
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, 1225 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.,Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA.,Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Yi-Hsien Cheng
- Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA.,Nanotechnology Innovation Center of Kansas State, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Jim E Riviere
- Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA.,Nanotechnology Innovation Center of Kansas State, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA.,1Data Consortium, Kansas State University, Olathe, KS, 66061, USA
| | - Nancy A Monteiro-Riviere
- Nanotechnology Innovation Center of Kansas State, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Wolfgang G Kreyling
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, Neuherberg, 85764, Munich, Germany
| | - Zhoumeng Lin
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, 1225 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA. .,Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA. .,Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA. .,Nanotechnology Innovation Center of Kansas State, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Huang HB, Cheng PK, Siao CY, Lo YTC, Chou WC, Huang PC. Mediation effects of thyroid function in the associations between phthalate exposure and lipid metabolism in adults. Environ Health 2022; 21:61. [PMID: 35778735 PMCID: PMC9248169 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-022-00873-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates are a group of industrial chemicals widely used in everyday products including cosmetics, food packaging and containers, plastics, and building materials. Previous studies have indicated that urinary phthalate metabolites are associated with metabolic effects including those on lipid metabolism, but the results are mixed. Furthermore, whether thyroid function mediates the association between phthalate exposure and lipid metabolism remains unclear. In the present study, we explored whether changes in thyroid function markers mediate the associations between phthalate exposure and lipid metabolism indicators in Taiwanese adults. The cross-sectional data were obtained from the Taiwan Environmental Survey for Toxicants conducted in 2013. Levels of 11 urinary phthalate metabolites, levels of 5 thyroid hormones, and 8 indicators of lipid metabolism were assessed in 222 Taiwanese adults. The relationships of urinary phthalate metabolite levels with serum thyroid hormone levels and lipid metabolism indicators were explored using multiple regression models. Mediation analysis was conducted to evaluate the role of thyroid function in the association between phthalate exposure and lipid metabolism. The metabolite of di(- 2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (∑DEHPm) exhibited a significant positive association with the lipid metabolite indicator of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C; β = 0.059, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.009, 0.109) in adults, and the thyroid function indicator thyroxine (T4) had a significant negative association with the metabolite ∑DEHPm (β = - 0.059, 95% CI = - 0.101, - 0.016) and a significant negative association with HDL-C (β = - 0.284, 95% CI = - 0.440, - 0.128). The T4 indirect effect was 0.015 (95% CI = - 0.0087, 0.05), and the mediation effect was 32.2%. Our results support the assumption that exposure to phthalates influences the homeostasis of lipid metabolism by interfering with thyroid function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han-Bin Huang
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Keng Cheng
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ying Siao
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Ting C Lo
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Po-Chin Huang
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan.
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Su Q, Chen N, Tang J, Wang J, Chou WC, Zheng F, Shao W, Yu G, Cai P, Guo Z, He M, Li H, Wu S. Paraquat-induced oxidative stress regulates N6-methyladenosine (m 6A) modification of long noncoding RNAs in Neuro-2a cells. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2022; 237:113503. [PMID: 35453019 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Paraquat (PQ) is a ubiquitously applied herbicide. Long-term PQ exposure with low dose has been reported to induce abnormal expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in brain nerve cells, which could further lead to Parkinson's disease (PD). N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification has recently been identified as having an important role in regulating the function of lncRNAs. However, how m6A modification regulates lncRNAs following PQ exposure remains largely unknown. Herein, this study reported m6A modification of lncRNAs in mouse neuroblastoma cells (Neuro-2a) following PQ induced reactive oxide species (ROS). M6A sequencing was performed to explore the m6A modificated pattern of lncRNAs in Neuro-2a cells which were treated with 200 μM PQ for 3 h. It was found that PQ hypermethylated total RNA and changed the expression of m6A methyltransferase and demethylase proteins, which leading to the alteration of m6A modification of lncRNAs. Furthermore, the functional analysis further revealed that N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC),a ROS scavengers, partly reversed PQ-induced distinct m6A modificated pattern of lncRNAs. In addition, tow specific m6A modified lncRNAs were identified: cell division cycle 5-like (lncRNA CDC5L) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (lncRNA STAT3), which could influence downstream autophagy related biological function. In summary, this work could potentially contribute to the new insight of lncRNAs m6A modification mechanism in the field of environmental toxicology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Su
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Nengzhou Chen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Jianping Tang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Junxiang Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- Department of Environmental and Global Health and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Fuli Zheng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Wenya Shao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Guangxia Yu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Ping Cai
- Department of Environmental and Global Health and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Zhenkun Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Minghua He
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Huangyuan Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Siying Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Chou WC, Tell LA, Baynes RE, Davis JL, Maunsell FP, Riviere JE, Lin Z. An Interactive Generic Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (igPBPK) Modeling Platform to Predict Drug Withdrawal Intervals in Cattle and Swine: A Case Study on Flunixin, Florfenicol and Penicillin G. Toxicol Sci 2022; 188:180-197. [PMID: 35642931 PMCID: PMC9333411 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfac056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Violative chemical residues in edible tissues from food-producing animals are of global public health concern. Great efforts have been made to develop physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models for estimating withdrawal intervals (WDIs) for extralabel prescribed drugs in food animals. Existing models are insufficient to address the food safety concern as these models are either limited to 1 specific drug or difficult to be used by non-modelers. This study aimed to develop a user-friendly generic PBPK platform that can predict tissue residues and estimate WDIs for multiple drugs including flunixin, florfenicol, and penicillin G in cattle and swine. Mechanism-based in silico methods were used to predict tissue/plasma partition coefficients and the models were calibrated and evaluated with pharmacokinetic data from Food Animal Residue Avoidance Databank (FARAD). Results showed that model predictions were, in general, within a 2-fold factor of experimental data for all 3 drugs in both species. Following extralabel administration and respective U.S. FDA-approved tolerances, predicted WDIs for both cattle and swine were close to or slightly longer than FDA-approved label withdrawal times (eg, predicted 8, 28, and 7 days vs labeled 4, 28, and 4 days for flunixin, florfenicol, and penicillin G in cattle, respectively). The final model was converted to a web-based interactive generic PBPK platform. This PBPK platform serves as a user-friendly quantitative tool for real-time predictions of WDIs for flunixin, florfenicol, and penicillin G following FDA-approved label or extralabel use in both cattle and swine, and provides a basis for extrapolating to other drugs and species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chun Chou
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.,Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, FL, 32608, USA
| | - Lisa A Tell
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Ronald E Baynes
- Center for Chemical Toxicology Research and Pharmacokinetics, Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA
| | - Jennifer L Davis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, 24060, USA
| | - Fiona P Maunsell
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA
| | - Jim E Riviere
- Center for Chemical Toxicology Research and Pharmacokinetics, Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA.,1Data Consortium,Kansas State University, Olathe, KS, 66061, USA
| | - Zhoumeng Lin
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.,Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, FL, 32608, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Lin Z, Chou WC, Cheng YH, He C, Monteiro-Riviere NA, Riviere JE. Predicting Nanoparticle Delivery to Tumors Using Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence Approaches. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:1365-1379. [PMID: 35360005 PMCID: PMC8961007 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s344208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Low delivery efficiency of nanoparticles (NPs) to the tumor is a critical barrier in the field of cancer nanomedicine. Strategies on how to improve NP tumor delivery efficiency remain to be determined. Methods This study analyzed the roles of NP physicochemical properties, tumor models, and cancer types in NP tumor delivery efficiency using multiple machine learning and artificial intelligence methods, using data from a recently published Nano-Tumor Database that contains 376 datasets generated from a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model. Results The deep neural network model adequately predicted the delivery efficiency of different NPs to different tumors and it outperformed all other machine learning methods; including random forest, support vector machine, linear regression, and bagged model methods. The adjusted determination coefficients (R2) in the full training dataset were 0.92, 0.77, 0.77 and 0.76 for the maximum delivery efficiency (DEmax), delivery efficiency at 24 h (DE24), at 168 h (DE168), and at the last sampling time (DETlast). The corresponding R2 values in the test dataset were 0.70, 0.46, 0.33 and 0.63, respectively. Also, this study showed that cancer type was an important determinant for the deep neural network model in predicting the tumor delivery efficiency across all endpoints (19-29%). Among all physicochemical properties, the Zeta potential and core material played a greater role than other properties, such as the type, shape, and targeting strategy. Conclusion This study provides a quantitative model to improve the design of cancer nanomedicine with greater tumor delivery efficiency. These results help to improve our understanding of the causes of low NP tumor delivery efficiency. This study demonstrates the feasibility of integrating artificial intelligence with PBPK modeling approaches to study cancer nanomedicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhoumeng Lin
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Yi-Hsien Cheng
- Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Chunla He
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Nancy A Monteiro-Riviere
- Nanotechnology Innovation Center of Kansas State, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
- Center for Chemical Toxicology Research and Pharmacokinetics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Jim E Riviere
- Center for Chemical Toxicology Research and Pharmacokinetics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- 1Data Consortium, Kansas State University, Olathe, KS, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Chen Q, Chou WC, Lin Z. Integration of Toxicogenomics and Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling in Human Health Risk Assessment of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate. Environ Sci Technol 2022; 56:3623-3633. [PMID: 35194992 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c06479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Toxicogenomics and physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models are useful approaches in chemical risk assessment, but the methodology to incorporate toxicogenomic data into a PBPK model to inform risk assessment remains to be developed. This study aimed to develop a probabilistic human health risk assessment approach by integrating toxicogenomic dose-response data and PBPK modeling using perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) as a case study. Based on the available human in vitro and mouse in vivo toxicogenomic data, we identified the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at each exposure paradigm/duration. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and disease ontology enrichment analyses were conducted on the DEGs to identify significantly enriched pathways and diseases. The dose-response data of DEGs were analyzed using the Bayesian benchmark dose (BMD) method. Using a previously published PBPK model, the gene BMDs were converted to human equivalent doses (HEDs), which were summarized to pathway and disease HEDs and then extrapolated to reference doses (RfDs) by considering an uncertainty factor of 30 for mouse in vivo data and 10 for human in vitro data. The results suggested that the median RfDs at different exposure paradigms were similar to the 2016 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's recommended RfD, while the RfDs for the most sensitive pathways and diseases were closer to the recent European Food Safety Authority's guidance values. In conclusion, genomic dose-response data and PBPK modeling can be integrated to become a useful alternative approach in risk assessment of environmental chemicals. This approach considers multiple endpoints, provides toxicity mechanistic insights, and does not rely on apical toxicity endpoints.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiran Chen
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32608, United States
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32608, United States
| | - Zhoumeng Lin
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32608, United States
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
Immunometabolism, which is the metabolic reprogramming of anaerobic glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, and metabolite synthesis upon immune cell activation, has gained importance as a regulator of the homeostasis, activation, proliferation, and differentiation of innate and adaptive immune cell subsets that function as key factors in immunity. Metabolic changes in epithelial and other stromal cells in response to different stimulatory signals are also crucial in infection, inflammation, cancer, autoimmune diseases, and metabolic disorders. The crosstalk between the PI3K-AKT-mTOR and LKB1-AMPK signaling pathways is critical for modulating both immune and nonimmune cell metabolism. The bidirectional interaction between immune cells and metabolism is a topic of intense study. Toll-like receptors (TLRs), cytokine receptors, and T and B cell receptors have been shown to activate multiple downstream metabolic pathways. However, how intracellular innate immune sensors/receptors intersect with metabolic pathways is less well understood. The goal of this review is to examine the link between immunometabolism and the functions of several intracellular innate immune sensors or receptors, such as nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat-containing receptors (NLRs, or NOD-like receptors), absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2)-like receptors (ALRs), and the cyclic dinucleotide receptor stimulator of interferon genes (STING). We will focus on recent advances and describe the impact of these intracellular innate immune receptors on multiple metabolic pathways. Whenever appropriate, this review will provide a brief contextual connection to pathogenic infections, autoimmune diseases, cancers, metabolic disorders, and/or inflammatory bowel diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chun Chou
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
| | - Elena Rampanelli
- Amsterdam UMC (University Medical Center, location AMC), Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, AGEM (Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism) Institute, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Xin Li
- Comparative Immunology Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Jenny P-Y Ting
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Tao S, Cui L, Chou WC, Lhatoo S, Zhang GQ. DaT3M: A Data Tracker for Multi-faceted Management of Multi-site Clinical Research Data Submission, Curation, Master Inventorying, and Sharing. AMIA Annu Symp Proc 2022; 2022:466-475. [PMID: 35854726 PMCID: PMC9285149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Managing research data is an important and challenging aspect of clinical studies, especially for multi-site collaboratives. To address this challenge, we designed, developed and deployed a multi-faceted, multi-level interactive data tracker (DaT3M) for multi-site clinical research data submission, curation, master inventorying, and sharing. Components of DaT3M include data overview, data portal, data status panel, data query engine, and data downloader. DaT3M managed clinical research data for the Center for SUDEP Research (CSR). The CSR instance of DaT3M includes 2,743 subjects from seven data contributing institutions, 7 data modalities and 10,678 data components: 3,398 Epilepsy Monitoring Unit reports, 3,440 electroencephalography recordings, 629 MRI imaging datasets, 177 bio-chemistry datasets, 722 DNA datasets, 2,289 follow-up forms, and 30 SUDEP forms. Preliminary, structured, one-on-one usability evaluations were performed with 7 researchers from four institutions. System Usability Score reached 85.3, showing that DaT3M has achieved high levels of user satisfaction based on our pilot evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiqiang Tao
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030
- Texas Institute for Restorative Neurotechnologies, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030
| | - Licong Cui
- School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030
- Texas Institute for Restorative Neurotechnologies, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030
- Texas Institute for Restorative Neurotechnologies, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030
| | - Samden Lhatoo
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030
- Texas Institute for Restorative Neurotechnologies, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030
| | - Guo-Qiang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030
- School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030
- Texas Institute for Restorative Neurotechnologies, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Chen N, Tang J, Su Q, Chou WC, Zheng F, Guo Z, Yu G, Shao W, Li H, Wu S. Paraquat-induced oxidative stress regulates N6-methyladenosine (m 6A) modification of circular RNAs. Environ Pollut 2021; 290:117816. [PMID: 34425375 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Paraquat (PQ), a widely used herbicide and well-known oxidative stress inducer, has been linked to numerous neurodegenerative diseases, but the underlying mechanism(s) remains unknown. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have recently been reported to be associated with oxidative stress in Parkinson's disease. Herein, we performed methylated RNA immunoprecipitation and RNA sequencing assays for mouse neuroblastoma (Neuro-2a) cells and successfully established a positive link between the alteration of circRNAs driven by m6A modification and PQ-induced oxidative stress. We observed oxidative stress and antioxidative stress present distinct m6A modification pattern of circRNAs as well as biological effect. Gene ontology and pathway analysis predicted that differentially m6A-methylated and expressed circRNAs are highly clustered in pathways associated with function and development of nervous system, including axon cargo transport, nervous system development, long-term potentiation, and neurotrophic signaling pathways. Moreover, we demonstrated that the alteration of m6A-methylated circRNAs upon PQ exposure could be partially reversed by N-acetylcysteine pretreatment. The mechanistic analysis further demonstrated that N-acetylcysteine pretreatment attenuated the decreased expression of target genes (UBC and PPP2CA) induced by PQ. These findings revealed distinct patterns of differentially m6A-modified circRNAs, indicating that m6A could participate in a specific regulatory network of circRNAs to modulate the expression of downstream genes in response to PQ-induced oxidative stress. In conclusion, our work established a link between m6A modification of circRNAs and PQ-induced oxidative stress, and further studies are required to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms associated with PQ-induced neurotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nengzhou Chen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Jianping Tang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Qianqian Su
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine (ICCM), Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, United States
| | - Fuli Zheng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Zhenkun Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Guangxia Yu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Wenya Shao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Huangyuan Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China; The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Siying Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Chang WH, Chou WC, Waits A, Liao KW, Kuo PL, Huang PC. Cumulative risk assessment of phthalates exposure for recurrent pregnancy loss in reproductive-aged women population using multiple hazard indices approaches. Environ Int 2021; 154:106657. [PMID: 34052604 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates, which are commonly used in flexible plastics and consumer products, have been reported to be toxic to reproductive and developmental function in mammals. Past studies have focused on the toxic effects on male reproduction, with only a few studies conducted on the risks that cumulative exposure to phthalates have on the female reproductive system. We recruited 260 patients with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) of unknown etiology and 203 controls from the clinics of Obstetrics and Gynecology at a medical center in southern Taiwan from 2013 to 2020. The daily intake of phthalates was estimated from urine samples using the back-calculation method, after which the cumulative risk was determined using multiple hazard indices, including a dose-addition model, a receptor effect model, and a hazard index approach. The patients with RPL had a significantly higher cumulative exposure to phthalates (p < 0.05) than did the controls with a hazard index above one. After adjusted logistic regression analysis, we found that the risk of RPL was strongly related to the higher quartiles of DEHP, the DEHPTEQ for the antiandrogenic effect and adverse effects of the female reproductive system and the ERα binding effect (p < 0.05). Our work suggests that more attentions should be paid to the adverse effects induced by phthalates on female reproduction, especially the effects caused by the cumulative exposure to phthalates in women of reproductive age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hsiang Chang
- Department of Food Safety/ Hygiene and Risk Management, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan; Research Center of Environmental Trace Toxic Substances, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine (ICCM), Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Alexander Waits
- Institute of Public Health, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Wei Liao
- School of Food Safety, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Lin Kuo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital and College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chin Huang
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Chao JH, Chuang CY, Chou WC, Kuo CL, Chang FC, Chiang AC. Optimization of alkali fusion process for determination of I-129 in solidified radwastes by neutron activation. Appl Radiat Isot 2021; 176:109762. [PMID: 34147847 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2021.109762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study determines the optimum temperature for the alkali fusion process used to effectively separate iodine from solidified radwaste attaining low-level 129I by neutron activation. The alkali fusion temperature was adjusted to 120, 200, and 400 °C to approach the optimum conditions associated with a good statistical distribution of the measured 129I data and high chemical recovery yield. Statistical analysis revealed that the optimum temperature of the alkali fusion process was 200 °C, displaying good central tendency and low variance of the measured 129I data, and the respective chemical recovery yields were higher than other temperatures. The optimum fusion condition provides more reliable scaling factors (129I/137Cs) of radwaste.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiunn-Hsing Chao
- Nuclear Science and Technology Development Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Chun-Yu Chuang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Chun-Liang Kuo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hsinchu Mackay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu, 30071, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Feng-Chih Chang
- Chemical Division, Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Longtan, 32546, Taiwan, ROC
| | - An-Chung Chiang
- Nuclear Science and Technology Development Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, ROC
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Liao KW, Chang WH, Chou WC, Huang HB, Waits A, Chen PC, Huang PC. Human biomonitoring reference values and characteristics of Phthalate exposure in the general population of Taiwan: Taiwan Environmental Survey for Toxicants 2013-2016. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2021; 235:113769. [PMID: 34051577 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2021.113769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Since a 2011 incident involving phthalate-tainted food, Taiwanese people have become concerned with food quality, and they are still being exposed to certain levels of phthalates. However, no nationwide human biomonitoring survey had been conducted to gather information on levels or reference values (RVs) of phthalates in the Taiwanese population. We aimed to establish the urinary levels and RVs of phthalate metabolites and identify exposure characteristics among Taiwan's population. We enrolled 1857 participants 7 years of age and older from the Taiwan Environmental Survey for Toxicants (TESTs) conducted during 2013-2016. Levels of 11 phthalate metabolites in each participant's urine samples were determined using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. For all phthalate metabolites except for mono-methyl phthalate (MMP), mono-ethyl phthalate (MEP), and mono-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP), urinary median levels were significantly higher in the 7-17-year old group than in the ≧18-year-old group. For most phthalate metabolites and in the general population, the geometric mean decreased with increasing age. Median levels of MEP (19.55 μg/L), mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP) (2.11 μg/L), mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP) (22.82 μg/L), mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEOHP) (16.08 μg/L), ΣDibutyl phthalate metabolites (ΣDBPm) (0.17 nmol/mL), Σdi-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate metabolites (ΣDEHPm) (0.29 nmol/mL) were higher in participants from central Taiwan than those from other areas. The median level of DBP (ΣDBPm: 0.20 nmol/mL) was significantly higher in participants from harbor areas than those from other urbanization groups. The RV of the 95 percentile (P95) for phthalate metabolites in the 7-17/≧18-year-old groups were 185.95/208.19 μg/L for MMP, 198.46/265.81 μg/L for MEP, 119.85/69.99 μg/L for mono-isononyl phthalate (MiBP), 165.19/204.32 μg/L for Mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP), 15.61/11.73 μg/L for MBzP, 62.09/59.23 μg/L for MEHP, 149.70/69.66 μg/L for MEHHP, 112.06/35.07 μg/L for MEOHP, 195.20/93.83 μg/L for mono-(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate (MECPP), 45.66/27.69 μg/L for mono-(2-carboxymethylhexyl) phthalate (MCMHP), and 9.09/12.13 μg/L for mono-iso-nonyl phthalate (MiNP). We concluded that phthalate exposure of the general population in Taiwan varies by sex, age, region, and urbanization level. Exposure by the 7-17-year-old group to DMP, DBP, and DEHP in Taiwan remains higher than that of youth from other countries. RV of phthalate metabolites in Taiwan were established in the current study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Wei Liao
- School of Food Safety, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsiang Chang
- Department of Food Safety & Hygiene and Risk Management, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine (ICCM), Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Han-Bin Huang
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Alexander Waits
- Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pau-Chung Chen
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Office of Occupational Safety and Health, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chin Huang
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Johnson BM, Uchimura T, Gallovic MD, Thamilarasan M, Chou WC, Gibson SA, Deng M, Tam JW, Batty CJ, Williams J, Matsushima GK, Bachelder EM, Ainslie KM, Markovic-Plese S, Ting JPY. STING Agonist Mitigates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis by Stimulating Type I IFN-Dependent and -Independent Immune-Regulatory Pathways. J Immunol 2021; 206:2015-2028. [PMID: 33820855 PMCID: PMC8406342 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2001317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The cGAS-cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP)-stimulator of IFN genes (STING) pathway induces a powerful type I IFN (IFN-I) response and is a prime candidate for augmenting immunity in cancer immunotherapy and vaccines. IFN-I also has immune-regulatory functions manifested in several autoimmune diseases and is a first-line therapy for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. However, it is only moderately effective and can induce adverse effects and neutralizing Abs in recipients. Targeting cGAMP in autoimmunity is unexplored and represents a challenge because of the intracellular location of its receptor, STING. We used microparticle (MP)-encapsulated cGAMP to increase cellular delivery, achieve dose sparing, and reduce potential toxicity. In the C57BL/6 experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) model, cGAMP encapsulated in MPs (cGAMP MPs) administered therapeutically protected mice from EAE in a STING-dependent fashion, whereas soluble cGAMP was ineffective. Protection was also observed in a relapsing-remitting model. Importantly, cGAMP MPs protected against EAE at the peak of disease and were more effective than rIFN-β. Mechanistically, cGAMP MPs showed both IFN-I-dependent and -independent immunosuppressive effects. Furthermore, it induced the immunosuppressive cytokine IL-27 without requiring IFN-I. This augmented IL-10 expression through activated ERK and CREB. IL-27 and subsequent IL-10 were the most important cytokines to mitigate autoreactivity. Critically, cGAMP MPs promoted IFN-I as well as the immunoregulatory cytokines IL-27 and IL-10 in PBMCs from relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients. Collectively, this study reveals a previously unappreciated immune-regulatory effect of cGAMP that can be harnessed to restrain T cell autoreactivity.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Cell-Derived Microparticles/immunology
- Cell-Derived Microparticles/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Cytokines/immunology
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/metabolism
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/prevention & control
- Female
- Humans
- Interferon Type I/immunology
- Interferon Type I/metabolism
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/drug effects
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/immunology
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism
- Membrane Proteins/agonists
- Membrane Proteins/immunology
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred Strains
- Mice, Knockout
- Nucleotides, Cyclic/administration & dosage
- Nucleotides, Cyclic/immunology
- Nucleotides, Cyclic/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Signal Transduction/immunology
- Mice
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon M Johnson
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Toru Uchimura
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Matthew D Gallovic
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Madhan Thamilarasan
- Department of Neurology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Sara A Gibson
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Meng Deng
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
- Oral and Craniofacial Biomedicine Program, School of Dentistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Jason W Tam
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Cole J Batty
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Jonathan Williams
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Glenn K Matsushima
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Eric M Bachelder
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Kristy M Ainslie
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Silva Markovic-Plese
- Department of Neurology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Jenny P-Y Ting
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC;
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
- Department of Genetics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
- Center for Translational Immunology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC; and
- Institute for Inflammatory Diseases, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Sandor A, Varma DM, Batty CJ, Baxter VK, Sakar S, Thompson MA, Gao H, Liang K, Chou WC, Bachelder EM, Heise MT, Ainslie KM, Ting JP. Robust Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Humoral and Cellular Immunity through cGAMP-loaded Microparticle Adjuvanted Subunit Vaccination. The Journal of Immunology 2021. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.206.supp.30.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
In less than one year, the COVID-19 pandemic has infected over 95 million people with greater than two million deaths globally. Vaccines against the SARS-CoV-2 virus offer the best chance at curbing the severity and spread of COVID-19. While initial COVID-19 vaccine candidates have demonstrated great promise and efficacy, it is unknown how broad and durable those responses will be. Furthermore, eliciting strong antiviral immune responses will prove critical against future emerging strains. Previously, we demonstrated that cyclic-AMP-GMP (cGAMP) encapsulated within acetalated dextran microparticles (MPs) adjuvants influenza subunit antigens to strongly protect against influenza viral challenge when used as an intramuscular vaccination in a mouse and ferret model. Based on these studies, we hypothesized that vaccination with the stabilized spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 (S2P) and cGAMP MPs would lead to protective anti-SARS-CoV-2 immune responses. We demonstrate that S2P vaccination with cGAMP MPs lead to increased total anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG with a strong Th1 skewed IgG2c antibody response compared to other clinically relevant adjuvants. Vaccination using cGAMP MPs also increased the frequency of activated Th1 antigen-specific T cell responses compared to controls and other vaccine adjuvants, as determined by IL-2 and INFg ELISPOTs. Finally, vaccination using cGAMP MPs lead to comparable SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody production and protection against mouse adapted SARS-CoV-2 infection. These studies demonstrate that vaccination with S2P and cGAMP MPs lead to a protective humoral response and improved antigen-specific T cell responses compared to other clinically relevant adjuvants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Sandor
- 1University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- 2Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
- 3Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - Devika M Varma
- 3Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - Cole J Batty
- 3Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - Victoria K Baxter
- 4Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - Sanjay Sakar
- 5Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | - Hao Gao
- 2Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | | | - Eric M Bachelder
- 3Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | | | - Kristy M Ainslie
- 3Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - Jenny P Ting
- 1University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- 2Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
- 5Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Zhang C, Chen X, Chou WC, Ho SH. Phytotoxic effect and molecular mechanism induced by nanodiamonds towards aquatic Chlorella pyrenoidosa by integrating regular and transcriptomic analyses. Chemosphere 2021; 270:129473. [PMID: 33401071 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The growing diverse applications of nanodiamonds (NDs), especially as adsorbents and catalysts for wastewater treatment, have significantly increased their discharge and potential risk towards aquatic ecosystems. Although NDs have been certified for superior biocompatibility and lower toxicity towards numerous human cell lines, the characteristic response and underlying mechanism of aquatic microalgal response remains unclear. Here, the response of Chlorella pyrenoidosa to five concentrations of NDs was thoroughly investigated by comprehensive phenotypic and transcriptional examinations. Results indicated that higher concentration of NDs (50 mg/L) induced 75.4% growth inhibition, exacerbated oxidative stress and malformed morphology of microalgae after 48 h exposure. Meanwhile, the aggregated microalgae formed several flocs, apparently under 50 mg/L NDs. Noticeably, photosynthesis was susceptible to the NDs exposure. Although, the chlorophyll content and genes involved in photosynthesis were significantly improved by NDs, the results obtained from the photochemical parameters indicated that the excessive electrons during photosynthesis might be a pivotal reason for oxidative stress generation. Additionally, the genes included in amino acids metabolism and protein synthesis were up-regulated to alleviate the oxidative stress. Collectively, this work discloses the explicit molecular mechanisms of aquatic microalgae and provides comprehensive insights of potential aqueous environmental risk of gradually emergent NDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaofan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Xudong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine (ICCM), Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, United States
| | - Shih-Hsin Ho
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Chou WC, Guo Z, Wan Y, Ting JPY. AIM2 in regulatory T cells restrains autoimmune diseases. The Journal of Immunology 2021. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.206.supp.51.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The inflammasome comprised of an innate immune receptor/sensor, pro-caspase-1, and a common adaptor molecule, ASC (apoptotic speck-containing protein with a CARD) initiates innate defense and inflammatory response by activating caspase-1 and pyroptotic cell death in myeloid cells. Consistent with their pro-inflammatory function, caspase-1, ASC and NLRP3 were known to exacerbate autoimmunity during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) by enhancing IL-1b and IL-18 secretion in myeloid cells. Here we reveal an unexpected function of a DNA-binding inflammasome receptor, AIM2 (Absent in Melanoma 2), in T regulatory cells (Tregs) to restrain two models of autoimmune disease, including experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and T cell-mediated colitis, by studying whole-body and Treg-specific Aim2-deficient mice. AIM2 is highly expressed by human and mouse Tregs, with its expression induced by TGF-b and its promoter occupied by transcription factors associated with Tregs, including Runx1, Ets1, Bcl11b and CREB. Moreover, we demonstrate that AIM2 promotes the stability of Tregs during inflammation in lineage tracing mice. RNA-seq, biochemical and metabolic analyses revealed that AIM2 attenuates Akt-phosphorylation, mTOR, Myc and glycolysis, but promotes lipid oxidative phosphorylation in Tregs. Mechanistically, AIM2 interacts with the RACK1/PP2A-phosphatase complex to restrain Akt-phosphorylation. While AIM2 is generally accepted as an inflammasome effector in myeloid cells, this report unveils a T cell-intrinsic role of AIM2 in restraining autoimmunity by diminishing Akt-mTOR signaling and altering immune-metabolism to enhance Treg stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Zengli Guo
- 1University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Yisong Wan
- 1University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Guo H, Chou WC, Lai Y, Liang K, Tam J, Brickey WJ, Chen L, Montgomery ND, Li X, Bohannon LM, Sung AD, Chao NJ, Peled JU, Gomes AL, van den Brink MR, French MJ, Macintyre AN, Sempowski GD, Tan X, Sartor RB, Lu K, Ting JP. Multi-omics analyses of radiation survivors identify radioprotective microbes and metabolites. The Journal of Immunology 2021. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.206.supp.99.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Ionizing-radiation causes acute radiation syndrome leading to hematopoietic, gastrointestinal and cerebrovascular injuries. Substantial federal efforts have been made to develop therapeutic radioprotectants for routine clinical use, however it remains a long-standing and unresolved problem.
We investigated a population of mice that recovered from high-dose radiation to live normal lifespans. These elite-survivors harbored distinct gut microbiota that developed post-radiation and protected against radiation-induced damage and death in germ-free and conventionally housed recipients. Elevated abundances of members of the bacterial taxa Lachnospiraceae and Enterococcaceae were associated with post-radiation restoration of hematopoiesis and gastrointestinal repair. These bacteria were also found to be more abundant in leukemia patients undergoing radiotherapy who also displayed milder gastrointestinal dysfunction. Metabolomics revealed increased fecal concentrations of microbially derived propionate and tryptophan metabolites in elite-survivors. The concentrations of these metabolites correlated with long-term radioprotection, mitigation of hematopoietic and gastrointestinal syndromes, and a reduction in pro-inflammatory responses.
The novelty of our work lies in the first identification of gut microbiota and downstream metabolites in providing protection against lethal radiation. Furthermore, our work provides a comprehensive omics dataset at the bacteria and metabolite levels that is of broad interest and serves as a powerful resource and example for the identification of actionable therapeutic targets derived from microbiome studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Guo
- 1University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | | | - Yunjia Lai
- 1University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xin Li
- 1University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kun Lu
- 1University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Chou WC, Guo Z, Guo H, Chen L, Zhang G, Liang K, Xie L, Tan X, Gibson SA, Rampanelli E, Wang Y, Montgomery SA, Brickey WJ, Deng M, Freeman L, Zhang S, Su MA, Chen X, Wan YY, Ting JPY. Author Correction: AIM2 in regulatory T cells restrains autoimmune diseases. Nature 2021; 592:E29. [PMID: 33854241 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03490-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chun Chou
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Zengli Guo
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Hao Guo
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Liang Chen
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ge Zhang
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kaixin Liang
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Oral and Craniofacial Biomedicine Program, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ling Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Xianming Tan
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Sara A Gibson
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Elena Rampanelli
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yan Wang
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Stephanie A Montgomery
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - W June Brickey
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Meng Deng
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Oral and Craniofacial Biomedicine Program, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Leslie Freeman
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Song Zhang
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Maureen A Su
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Microbiology Immunology and Medical Genetics and Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xian Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yisong Y Wan
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. .,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Jenny P-Y Ting
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. .,Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. .,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. .,Oral and Craniofacial Biomedicine Program, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Chou WC, Lin Z. Development of a Gestational and Lactational Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) Model for Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) in Rats and Humans and Its Implications in the Derivation of Health-Based Toxicity Values. Environ Health Perspect 2021; 129:37004. [PMID: 33730865 PMCID: PMC7969127 DOI: 10.1289/ehp7671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a great concern on potential adverse effects of exposure to perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) in sensitive subpopulations, such as pregnant women, fetuses, and neonates, due to its reported transplacental and lactational transfer and reproductive and developmental toxicities in animals and humans. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to develop a gestational and lactational physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model in rats and humans for PFOS to aid risk assessment in sensitive human subpopulations. METHODS Based upon existing PBPK models for PFOS, the present model addressed a data gap of including a physiologically based description of basolateral and apical membrane transporter-mediated renal reabsorption and excretion in kidneys during gestation and lactation. The model was calibrated with published rat toxicokinetic and human biomonitoring data and was independently evaluated with separate data. Monte Carlo simulation was used to address the interindividual variability. RESULTS Model simulations were generally within 2-fold of observed PFOS concentrations in maternal/fetal/neonatal plasma and liver in rats and humans. Estimated fifth percentile human equivalent doses (HEDs) based on selected critical toxicity studies in rats following U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) guidelines ranged from 0.08 to 0.91 μ g / kg per day . These values are lower than the HEDs estimated in U.S. EPA guidance (0.51 - 1.6 μ g / kg per day ) using an empirical toxicokinetic model in adults. CONCLUSIONS The results support the importance of renal reabsorption/excretion during pregnancy and lactation in PFOS dosimetry and suggest that the derivation of health-based toxicity values based on developmental toxicity studies should consider gestational/lactational dosimetry estimated from a life stage-appropriate PBPK model. This study provides a quantitative tool to aid risk reevaluation of PFOS, especially in sensitive human subpopulations, and it provides a basis for extrapolating to other per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). All model codes and detailed tutorials are provided in the Supplemental Materials to allow readers to reproduce our results and to use this model. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP7671.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chun Chou
- Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Zhoumeng Lin
- Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Tsen CM, Liu JH, Yang DP, Chao HR, Chen JL, Chou WC, Ho YC, Chuang CY. Study on the correlation of bisphenol A exposure, pro-inflammatory gene expression, and C-reactive protein with potential cardiovascular disease symptoms in young adults. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:10.1007/s11356-021-12805-0. [PMID: 33625709 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12805-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a plasticizer used in the manufacture of polycarbonate and epoxy resins. It was found that higher urinary BPA levels are more likely to be associated with coronary artery disease (CVD). In recent years, the increasing incidence of CVD among young people is observed, which may be related with inflammation rather than the traditional triple-H risk factors. BPA is an endocrine-disrupting chemical, and can induce oxidative stress and chronic inflammation since its estrogenic effect. Inflammatory responses could come from the stimulation of IκB kinases (IKKs) by estrogen receptors (ERs). Therefore, this study investigated the association of BPA exposure with the gene expression of pro-inflammatory response (ERs and IKKs), an inflammation biomarker of CVD (C-reactive protein, CRP), and physiologic index potency of CVD development symptoms in young adults. This study divided BPA exposure levels into high and low groups based on the median plasma BPA level (4.34 ng/mL), and found that the high BPA group obviously had higher BMI, blood pressure, plasma CRP levels, and gene expression of ERβ and IKKβ. BMI and gene expression of IKKβ were also positively correlated with plasma CRP secretion. Furthermore, the study subjects with potential CVD development symptoms had the increased levels of BPA (OR 2.10, 95% CI 0.83-5.39), CRP (OR 2.61, 95% CI 1.03-10.6) and IKKβ (OR 4.29, 95% CI 1.51-15.6). These results indicated that exposure to BPA is potentially associated with expression of pro-inflammatory genes related to CRP secretion, which may promote the risk of CVD development symptoms in young adults. This study highlighted the possible connection between BPA exposure and CVD development but the mechanism between them needs to be further explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Ming Tsen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2 Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
- Residue Control Division, Agricultural Chemicals and Toxic Substances Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Hong Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2 Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Da-Peng Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2 Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - How-Ran Chao
- Emerging Compounds Research Center, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung County, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Larng Chen
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Health, College of Health Science, Yuanpei University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2 Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
- Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Yi-Chen Ho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2 Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
- Service System Technology Center, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yu Chuang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2 Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Guo Z, Wang G, Wu B, Chou WC, Cheng L, Zhou C, Lou J, Wu D, Su L, Zheng J, Ting JPY, Wan YY. DCAF1 regulates Treg senescence via the ROS axis during immunological aging. J Clin Invest 2021; 130:5893-5908. [PMID: 32730228 DOI: 10.1172/jci136466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
As a hallmark of immunological aging, low-grade, chronic inflammation with accumulation of effector memory T cells contributes to increased susceptibility to many aging-related diseases. While the proinflammatory state of aged T cells indicates a dysregulation of immune homeostasis, whether and how aging drives regulatory T cell (Treg) aging and alters Treg function are not fully understood owing to a lack of specific aging markers. Here, by a combination of cellular, molecular, and bioinformatic approaches, we discovered that Tregs senesce more severely than conventional T (Tconv) cells during aging. We found that Tregs from aged mice were less efficient than young Tregs in suppressing Tconv cell function in an inflammatory bowel disease model and in preventing Tconv cell aging in an irradiation-induced aging model. Furthermore, we revealed that DDB1- and CUL4-associated factor 1 (DCAF1) was downregulated in aged Tregs and was critical to restrain Treg aging via reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulated by glutathione-S-transferase P (GSTP1). Importantly, interfering with GSTP1 and ROS pathways reinvigorated the proliferation and function of aged Tregs. Therefore, our studies uncover an important role of the DCAF1/GSTP1/ROS axis in Treg senescence, which leads to uncontrolled inflammation and immunological aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zengli Guo
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Gang Wang
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Bing Wu
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and.,Department of Genetics
| | - Liang Cheng
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Jitong Lou
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, and
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, and.,Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Lishan Su
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Junnian Zheng
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jenny P-Y Ting
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Genetics
| | - Yisong Y Wan
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Chou WC, Guo Z, Guo H, Chen L, Zhang G, Liang K, Xie L, Tan X, Gibson SA, Rampanelli E, Wang Y, Montgomery SA, Brickey WJ, Deng M, Freeman L, Zhang S, Su MA, Chen X, Wan YY, Ting JPY. AIM2 in regulatory T cells restrains autoimmune diseases. Nature 2021; 591:300-305. [PMID: 33505023 PMCID: PMC8080937 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03231-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The inflammasome initiates innate defense and inflammatory response by activating caspase-1 and pyroptotic cell death in myeloid cells1,2. It is comprised of an innate immune receptor/sensor, pro-caspase-1, and a common adaptor molecule, ASC (apoptotic speck-containing protein with a CARD). Consistent with their pro-inflammatory function, caspase-1, ASC and NLRP3 exacerbate autoimmunity during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) by enhancing IL-1β and IL-18 secretion in myeloid cells3–6. Here we reveal an unexpected function of a DNA-binding inflammasome receptor, AIM2 (Absent in Melanoma 2)7–10, in T regulatory cells (Tregs) to restrain two models of autoimmunity (experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and T cell-mediated colitis) by studying whole-body and Treg-specific Aim2–/– mice. AIM2 is highly expressed by human and mouse Tregs, with its expression induced by TGF-β and its promoter occupied by transcription factors associated with Tregs, including Runx1, Ets1, Bcl11b and CREB. RNA-seq, biochemical and metabolic analyses revealed that AIM2 attenuates Akt-phosphorylation, mTOR, c-Myc and glycolysis, but promotes lipid oxidative phosphorylation in Tregs. Mechanistically, AIM2 interacts with the RACK1/PP2A-phosphatase complex to restrain Akt-phosphorylation. Lineage tracing demonstrates that AIM2 promotes the stability of Tregs during inflammation. While AIM2 is generally accepted as an inflammasome effector in myeloid cells, this report reveals a T cell-intrinsic role of AIM2 in restraining autoimmunity by diminishing Akt-mTOR signaling and altering immune-metabolism to enhance Treg stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chun Chou
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Zengli Guo
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Hao Guo
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Liang Chen
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ge Zhang
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kaixin Liang
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Oral and Craniofacial Biomedicine Program, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ling Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Xianming Tan
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Sara A Gibson
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Elena Rampanelli
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yan Wang
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Stephanie A Montgomery
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - W June Brickey
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Meng Deng
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Oral and Craniofacial Biomedicine Program, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Leslie Freeman
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Song Zhang
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Maureen A Su
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Microbiology Immunology and Medical Genetics and Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xian Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yisong Y Wan
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. .,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Jenny P-Y Ting
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. .,Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. .,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. .,Oral and Craniofacial Biomedicine Program, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Guo H, Chou WC, Lai Y, Liang K, Tam JW, Brickey WJ, Chen L, Montgomery ND, Li X, Bohannon LM, Sung AD, Chao NJ, Peled JU, Gomes ALC, van den Brink MRM, French MJ, Macintyre AN, Sempowski GD, Tan X, Sartor RB, Lu K, Ting JPY. Multi-omics analyses of radiation survivors identify radioprotective microbes and metabolites. Science 2020; 370:370/6516/eaay9097. [PMID: 33122357 DOI: 10.1126/science.aay9097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ionizing radiation causes acute radiation syndrome, which leads to hematopoietic, gastrointestinal, and cerebrovascular injuries. We investigated a population of mice that recovered from high-dose radiation to live normal life spans. These "elite-survivors" harbored distinct gut microbiota that developed after radiation and protected against radiation-induced damage and death in both germ-free and conventionally housed recipients. Elevated abundances of members of the bacterial taxa Lachnospiraceae and Enterococcaceae were associated with postradiation restoration of hematopoiesis and gastrointestinal repair. These bacteria were also found to be more abundant in leukemia patients undergoing radiotherapy, who also displayed milder gastrointestinal dysfunction. In our study in mice, metabolomics revealed increased fecal concentrations of microbially derived propionate and tryptophan metabolites in elite-survivors. The administration of these metabolites caused long-term radioprotection, mitigation of hematopoietic and gastrointestinal syndromes, and a reduction in proinflammatory responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Guo
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yunjia Lai
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kaixin Liang
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jason W Tam
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - W June Brickey
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Liang Chen
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Nathan D Montgomery
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Xin Li
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Lauren M Bohannon
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy/BMT, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Anthony D Sung
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy/BMT, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Nelson J Chao
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy/BMT, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jonathan U Peled
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Antonio L C Gomes
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marcel R M van den Brink
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | - Xianming Tan
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - R Balfour Sartor
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, Department of Medicine, Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kun Lu
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jenny P Y Ting
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. .,Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ling MP, Hsiao HA, Chen SC, Chen WY, Chou WC, Lin YJ, You SH, Yang YF, Lin HC, Chen CY, Lu TH, Liao CM. Assessing dietary exposure risk to neonicotinoid residues among preschool children in regions of Taiwan. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:12112-12121. [PMID: 31989497 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-07832-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Neonicotinoids (NEOs) are a class of pesticides widely used worldwide. This study analyzed post-cooking residues of NEO pesticides and assessed their potential health risks for preschool children (0-6 years old) by conducting a total diet study (TDS). It involved food sampling, preparation, analysis of pesticide residues, estimation of food consumption data, and assessment of food safety risks. Food sampling was conducted between March and June 2015. A total of 128 food samples were obtained from 4 parts of Taiwan. After the food had been prepared, the 128 samples were aggregated into 32 composite food items and the NEO residues analyzed. Acetamiprid had the highest detection rate of the NEO residues (59.4%), and the concentrations ranged from not detected to 80.5 μg/kg. The estimated daily intake (EDI) of NEO residues among preschool children was found to be lower than the adjusted acceptable daily intake (ADI) even for highly exposed groups. The results showed that NEO pesticides were primarily detected in preserved fruits, cherry tomato, rape, bell fruit, and baby bok choy. The main health risk posed by detected NEO residues at high consumption rates for preschool children was attributed to acetamiprid (34.20 %ADI) and imidacloprid (23.69 %ADI), respectively. Therefore, this research implicates that the present level of NEO residues in the diets for preschool children in Taiwan does not exceed 100 %ADI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min-Pei Ling
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City, 20224, Taiwan
| | - Huai-An Hsiao
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City, 20224, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Chieh Chen
- Department of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yu Chen
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Yi-Jun Lin
- Institute of Food Safety and Health Risk Assessment, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Han You
- Institute of Food Safety and Risk Management, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City, 20224, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Fei Yang
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Chieh Lin
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yun Chen
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Hsuan Lu
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Min Liao
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Chou WC, Lin Z. Probabilistic human health risk assessment of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) by integrating in vitro, in vivo toxicity, and human epidemiological studies using a Bayesian-based dose-response assessment coupled with physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling approach. Environ Int 2020; 137:105581. [PMID: 32087483 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental exposure to perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is associated with various adverse outcomes in humans. However, risk assessment for PFOS with the traditional risk estimation method is faced with multiple challenges because there are high variabilities and uncertainties in its toxicokinetics and toxicity between species and among different types of studies. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to develop a robust probabilistic risk assessment framework accounting for interspecies and inter-experiment variabilities and uncertainties to derive the human equivalent dose (HED) and reference dose for PFOS. METHODS A Bayesian dose-response model was developed to analyze selected 34 critical studies, including human epidemiological, animal in vivo, and ToxCast in vitro toxicity datasets. The dose-response results were incorporated into a multi-species physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model to reduce the toxicokinetic/toxicodynamic variabilities. In addition, a population-based probabilistic risk assessment of PFOS was performed for Asian, Australian, European, and North American populations, respectively, based on reported environmental exposure levels. RESULTS The 5th percentile of HEDs derived from selected studies was estimated to be 21.5 (95% CI: 10.6-36.3) ng/kg/day. After exposure to environmental levels of PFOS, around 50% of the population in all studied populations would likely have >20% of increase in serum cholesterol, but the effects on other endpoints were estimated to be minimal (<10% changes). There was a small population (~10% of the population) that was highly sensitive to endocrine disruption and cellular response by environmental PFOS exposure. CONCLUSION Our results provide insights into a complete risk characterization of PFOS and may help regulatory agencies in the reevaluation of PFOS risk. Our new probabilistic approach can conduct dose-response analysis of different types of toxicity studies simultaneously and this method could be used to improve risk assessment for other perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chun Chou
- Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine (ICCM), Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States.
| | - Zhoumeng Lin
- Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine (ICCM), Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Chou WC, Lin Z. Bayesian evaluation of a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) to characterize the interspecies uncertainty between mice, rats, monkeys, and humans: Development and performance verification. Environ Int 2019; 129:408-422. [PMID: 31152982 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A challenge in the risk assessment of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is the large interspecies differences in its toxicokinetics that results in substantial uncertainty in the dosimetry and toxicity extrapolation from animals to humans. To address this challenge, the objective of this study was to develop an open-source physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model accounting for species-specific toxicokinetic parameters of PFOS. Considering available knowledge about the toxicokinetic properties of PFOS, a PBPK model for PFOS in mice, rats, monkeys, and humans after intravenous and oral administrations was created. Available species-specific toxicokinetic data were used for model calibration and optimization, and independent datasets were used for model evaluation. Bayesian statistical analysis using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation was performed to optimize the model and to characterize the uncertainty and interspecies variability of chemical-specific parameters. The model predictions well correlated with the majority of datasets for all four species, and the model was validated with independent data in rats, monkeys, and humans. The model was applied to predict human equivalent doses (HEDs) based on reported points of departure in selected critical toxicity studies in rats and monkeys following U.S. EPA's guidelines. The lower bounds of the model-derived HEDs were overall lower than the HEDs estimated by U.S. EPA (e.g., 0.2 vs. 1.3 μg/kg/day based on the rat plasma data). This integrated and comparative analysis provides an important step towards improving interspecies extrapolation and quantitative risk assessment of PFOS, and this open-source model provides a foundation for developing models for other perfluoroalkyl substances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chun Chou
- Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine (ICCM), Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States.
| | - Zhoumeng Lin
- Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine (ICCM), Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Zhu J, Hsu CY, Chou WC, Chen MJ, Chen JL, Yang TT, Wu YS, Chen YC. PM 2.5- and PM 10-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the residential area near coal-fired power and steelmaking plants of Taichung City, Taiwan: In vitro-based health risk and source identification. Sci Total Environ 2019; 670:439-447. [PMID: 30904656 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We investigated spatial and season variations in particle-bound PAH concentrations, identified their potential sources and estimated resultant health risk of activate toxicity pathways in a residential area near coal-fired power and steelmaking plants. Both atmospheric PM2.5 and PM10 samples (n = 94) were simultaneously collected for summer and winter in the Wuqi and Shalu districts of Taichung City, central Taiwan. The principal component analysis (PCA) measure was used to evaluate the sources of particle-bound PAHs. The health risk of PAHs-activated toxicity pathways was estimated through a probabilistic model in cooperation with high-throughput screening (HTS) in vitro assays and measurement data for children and adults. No spatial difference, but significant seasonal variation, in PAH concentrations for PM2.5 (summer = 1.7 ng m-3 and winter = 4.7 ng m-3) and PM10 (summer = 2.1 ng m-3 and winter = 4.8 ng m-3) between two sites was observed, where both sites shared the similar PAH patterns in congener concentrations. PAH contents in the fine mode (PM2.5) of ambient particles are predominant while coarse mode (PM2.5-10) PAHs is negligible. Children with particle-bound PAH exposures have a relatively high health risk of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-mediated adverse outcomes than adults, in particular in the winter period, while the activations of Nrf2 and p53 pathways are insignificant. Vehicle emission (67.1%), unburned petroleum (15.0%), steel industry and stationary emission (6.1%), and oil combustion + cooking oil fume (5.6%) associated with PM2.5-bound PAHs were apportioned. The emission from the Taichung coal-fired power plant is rarely attributable to particle-bound PAHs of the study area based on results of spatiotemporal variation of PAHs, wind direction, and source apportionment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinning Zhu
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 246011, China
| | - Chin-Yu Hsu
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Mosier Hall P222, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Mu-Jean Chen
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Larng Chen
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Health, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsin Chu 300, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ting Yang
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Health, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsin Chu 300, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Shen Wu
- Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, Hungkuang University, Sha-Lu, Taichung 43302, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Chen
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan; Department of Occupational Safety and Health, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Chou WC, Tsai WR, Chang HH, Lu SY, Lin KF, Lin P. Prioritization of pesticides in crops with a semi-quantitative risk ranking method for Taiwan postmarket monitoring program. J Food Drug Anal 2019; 27:347-354. [PMID: 30648590 PMCID: PMC9298645 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A risk-based prioritization of chemical hazards in monitoring programs allows regulatory agencies to focus on the most potentially concerned items involving human health risk. In this study, a risk-based matrix, with a scoring method using multiple factors for severity and probability of exposure, was employed to identify the pesticides presented in crops that may pose the greatest risk to human health. Both the probability of exposure and the severity were assessed for 91 pesticides detected in a Taiwanese postmarketing monitoring program. Probability of exposure was evaluated based on the probability of consumption and evidence of pesticide residues in crops. Severity was assessed based on the nature of the hazard (i.e., the description of toxic effects), and the acceptable daily intake (ADI) reported by available toxicological reports. This study showed that the nature of the hazard and probability of consumption had the strongest contribution to risk score. Dithiocarbamates, endosulfan, and carbofuran were identified as the pesticides with the highest concern for human health risks in Taiwan. These pesticides should be monitored more frequently than others in crops during the postmarketing monitoring program. However, some uncertainties shall be noted or improved when this methodology is applied for risk prioritization in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chun Chou
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ren Tsai
- Applied Toxicology Division, Agricultural Chemicals and Toxic Substances Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Hui Chang
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan
| | - Shui-Yuan Lu
- Applied Toxicology Division, Agricultural Chemicals and Toxic Substances Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Taiwan
| | - King-Fu Lin
- Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taiwan
| | - Pinpin Lin
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|