1
|
Liu Q, Zhou X, Liu K, Wang Y, Liu C, Gao C, Cai Q, Sun C. Exploring risk factors for autoimmune diseases complicated by non-hodgkin lymphoma through regulatory T cell immune-related traits: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1374938. [PMID: 38863695 PMCID: PMC11165099 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1374938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The effect of immune cells on autoimmune diseases (ADs) complicated by non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) has been widely recognized, but a causal relationship between regulatory T cell (Treg) immune traits and ADs complicated by NHL remains debated. Methods Aggregate data for 84 Treg-related immune traits were downloaded from the Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) catalog, and GWAS data for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL; n=315243), follicular lymphoma (FL; n=325831), sjögren's syndrome (SS; n=402090), rheumatoid arthritis (RA; n=276465), dermatopolymyositis (DM; n=311640), psoriasis (n=407876), atopic dermatitis (AD; n=382254), ulcerative colitis (UC; n=411317), crohn's disease(CD; n=411973) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE; n=307587) were downloaded from the FinnGen database. The inverse variance weighting (IVW) method was mainly used to infer any causal association between Treg-related immune traits and DLBCL, FL, SS, DM, RA, Psoriasis, AD, UC, CD and SLE, supplemented by MR-Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode. Moreover, we performed sensitivity analyses to assess the validity of the causal relationships. Results There was a potential genetic predisposition association identified between CD39+ CD8br AC, CD39+ CD8br % T cell, and the risk of DLBCL (OR=1.51, p<0.001; OR=1.25, p=0.001) (adjusted FDR<0.1). Genetic prediction revealed potential associations between CD25++ CD8br AC, CD28- CD25++ CD8br % T cell, CD39+ CD8br % CD8br, and the risk of FL (OR=1.13, p=0.022; OR=1.28, p=0.042; OR=0.90, p=0.016) (adjusted FDR>0.1). Furthermore, SLE and CD exhibited a genetically predicted potential association with the CD39+ CD8+ Tregs subset. SS and DM were possibly associated with an increase in the quantity of the CD4+ Tregs subset; RA may have reduced the quantity of the CD39+ CD8+ Tregs subset, although no causal relationship was identified. Sensitivity analyses supported the robustness of our findings. Conclusions There existed a genetically predicted potential association between the CD39+ CD8+ Tregs subset and the risk of DLBCL, while SLE and CD were genetically predicted to be potentially associated with the CD39+ CD8+ Tregs subset. The CD39+ CD8+ Tregs subset potentially aided in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of SLE or CD complicated by DLBCL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xintong Zhou
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Kunjing Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yimin Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Cun Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Chundi Gao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Qingqing Cai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changgang Sun
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
- Department of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shan Y, Xie T, Sun Y, Lu Z, Topatana W, Juengpanich S, Chen T, Han Y, Cao J, Hu J, Li S, Cai X, Chen M. Lipid metabolism in tumor-infiltrating regulatory T cells: perspective to precision immunotherapy. Biomark Res 2024; 12:41. [PMID: 38644503 PMCID: PMC11034130 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-024-00588-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are essential to the negative regulation of the immune system, as they avoid excessive inflammation and mediate tumor development. The abundance of Tregs in tumor tissues suggests that Tregs may be eliminated or functionally inhibited to stimulate antitumor immunity. However, immunotherapy targeting Tregs has been severely hampered by autoimmune diseases due to the systemic elimination of Tregs. Recently, emerging studies have shown that metabolic regulation can specifically target tumor-infiltrating immune cells, and lipid accumulation in TME is associated with immunosuppression. Nevertheless, how Tregs actively regulate metabolic reprogramming to outcompete effector T cells (Teffs), and how lipid metabolic reprogramming contributes to the immunomodulatory capacity of Tregs have not been fully discussed. This review will discuss the physiological processes by which lipid accumulation confers a metabolic advantage to tumor-infiltrating Tregs (TI-Tregs) and amplifies their immunosuppressive functions. Furthermore, we will provide a summary of the driving effects of various metabolic regulators on the metabolic reprogramming of Tregs. Finally, we propose that targeting the lipid metabolism of TI-Tregs could be efficacious either alone or in conjunction with immune checkpoint therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yukai Shan
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Endoscopic Technique Research of Zhejiang Province, No.3 East Qingchun Road, 310016, Hangzhou, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Innovation and Application of Minimally Invasive Instruments, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, 310016, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tianao Xie
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Endoscopic Technique Research of Zhejiang Province, No.3 East Qingchun Road, 310016, Hangzhou, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Innovation and Application of Minimally Invasive Instruments, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, 310016, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuchao Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Endoscopic Technique Research of Zhejiang Province, No.3 East Qingchun Road, 310016, Hangzhou, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Innovation and Application of Minimally Invasive Instruments, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, 310016, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ziyi Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Endoscopic Technique Research of Zhejiang Province, No.3 East Qingchun Road, 310016, Hangzhou, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Innovation and Application of Minimally Invasive Instruments, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, 310016, Hangzhou, China
| | - Win Topatana
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Endoscopic Technique Research of Zhejiang Province, No.3 East Qingchun Road, 310016, Hangzhou, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Innovation and Application of Minimally Invasive Instruments, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, 310016, Hangzhou, China
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sarun Juengpanich
- National Engineering Research Center of Innovation and Application of Minimally Invasive Instruments, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, 310016, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tianen Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Endoscopic Technique Research of Zhejiang Province, No.3 East Qingchun Road, 310016, Hangzhou, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Innovation and Application of Minimally Invasive Instruments, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, 310016, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yina Han
- Department of Pathology, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310016, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiasheng Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Endoscopic Technique Research of Zhejiang Province, No.3 East Qingchun Road, 310016, Hangzhou, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Innovation and Application of Minimally Invasive Instruments, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, 310016, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiahao Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Endoscopic Technique Research of Zhejiang Province, No.3 East Qingchun Road, 310016, Hangzhou, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Innovation and Application of Minimally Invasive Instruments, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, 310016, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shijie Li
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Endoscopic Technique Research of Zhejiang Province, No.3 East Qingchun Road, 310016, Hangzhou, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Innovation and Application of Minimally Invasive Instruments, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, 310016, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Xiujun Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Endoscopic Technique Research of Zhejiang Province, No.3 East Qingchun Road, 310016, Hangzhou, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Innovation and Application of Minimally Invasive Instruments, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, 310016, Hangzhou, China.
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Mingyu Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Endoscopic Technique Research of Zhejiang Province, No.3 East Qingchun Road, 310016, Hangzhou, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Innovation and Application of Minimally Invasive Instruments, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, 310016, Hangzhou, China.
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang CM, Jan Wu YJ, Zheng JW, Huang LY, Tan KP, Chen JY. T cell expressions of aberrant gene signatures and Co-inhibitory receptors (Co-IRs) as predictors of renal damage and lupus disease activity. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:41. [PMID: 38650001 PMCID: PMC11034032 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-01024-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is distinguished by an extensive range of clinical heterogeneity with unpredictable disease flares and organ damage. This research investigates the potential of aberrant signatures on T cell genes, soluble Co-IRs/ligands, and Co-IRs expression on T cells as biomarkers for lupus disease parameters. METHODS Comparative transcriptome profiling analysis of non-renal and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) phenotypes of SLE was performed using CD4 + and CD8 + cDNA microarrays of sorted T cells. Comparing the expression of Co-IRs on T cells and serum soluble mediators among healthy and SLE phenotypes. RESULTS SLE patients with ESRD were downregulated CD38, PLEK, interferon-γ, CX3CR1, FGFBP2, and SLCO4C1 transcripts on CD4 + and CD8 + T cells simultaneously and NKG7, FCRL6, GZMB/H, FcγRIII, ITGAM, Fas ligand, TBX21, LYN, granulysin, CCL4L1, CMKLR1, HLA-DRβ, KIR2DL3, and KLRD1 in CD8 T cells. Pathway enrichment and PPI network analyses revealed that the overwhelming majority of Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) have been affiliated with novel cytotoxic, antigen presentation, and chemokine-cell migration signature pathways. CD8 + GZMK + T cells that are varied in nature, including CD161 + Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells and CD161- aged-associated T (Taa) cells and CD161-GZMK + GZMB + T cells might account for a higher level of GZMK in CD8 + T cells associated with ESRD. SLE patients have higher TIGIT + , PD1 + , and lower CD127 + cell percentages on CD4 + T cells, higher TIM3 + , TIGIT + , HLA-DR + cell frequency, and lower MFI expression of CD127, CD160 in CD8 T cells. Co-IRs expression in T cells was correlated with soluble PD-1, PDL-2, and TIM3 levels, as well as SLE disease activity, clinical phenotypes, and immune-therapy responses. CONCLUSION The signature of dysfunctional pathways defines a distinct immunity pattern in LN ESRD patients. Expression levels of Co-IRs in peripheral blood T cells and serum levels of soluble PD1/PDL-2/TIM3 can serve as biomarkers for evaluating clinical parameters and therapeutic responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Man Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 5, Fu-Shin St. Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan, Republic of China
| | - Yeong-Jian Jan Wu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan, No. 5, Fu-Shin St. Kwei-Shan, Republic of China
| | - Jian-Wen Zheng
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan, No. 5, Fu-Shin St. Kwei-Shan, Republic of China
| | - Li Yu Huang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan, No. 5, Fu-Shin St. Kwei-Shan, Republic of China
| | - Keng Poo Tan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan, No. 5, Fu-Shin St. Kwei-Shan, Republic of China
| | - Ji-Yih Chen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan, No. 5, Fu-Shin St. Kwei-Shan, Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cammarata I, Pinna V, Pacella I, Rotella I, Soresina A, Badolato R, Plebani A, Pignata C, Cirillo E, Zicari AM, Violi F, Carnevale R, Loffredo L, Piconese S. In adult X-CGD patients, regulatory T cells are expanded while activated T cells display a NOX2-independent ROS increase. Immunol Lett 2024; 266:106839. [PMID: 38309375 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2024.106839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
The X-linked chronic granulomatous disease (X-CGD), a rare genetic disease characterised by recurrent infections, is caused by mutations of NOX2. Significant proportions of X-CGD patients display signs of immune dysregulation. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are CD4+T lymphocytes that expand in active inflammation and prevent autoimmune disorders. Here we asked whether X-CGD is associated to Treg dysfunctions in adult patients. To this aim, the frequency of Tregs was analysed through intracellular flow cytometry in a cohort of adult X-CGD patients, carriers and controls. We found that Tregs were significantly expanded and activated in blood of adult X-CGD patients, and this was associated with activation of conventional CD4+T cells (Tconvs). T cell activation was characterised by accumulation of intracellular ROS, not derived from NOX2 but likely produced by cellular metabolism. The higher TNF production by Tconvs in X-CGD patients might contribute to the expansion of Tregs through the TNFR2 receptor. In summary, our data indicate that Tregs expand in adult X-CGD in response to immune activation, and that the increase of NOX2-independent ROS content is a feature of activated T cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilenia Cammarata
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; Neuroimmunology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Pinna
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilenia Pacella
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Ivano Rotella
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Annarosa Soresina
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Paediatrics Clinic and Institute for Molecular Medicine A. Nocivelli, ASST-Spedali Civili of Brescia, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Raffaele Badolato
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Paediatrics Clinic and Institute for Molecular Medicine A. Nocivelli, ASST-Spedali Civili of Brescia, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Plebani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Paediatrics Clinic and Institute for Molecular Medicine A. Nocivelli, ASST-Spedali Civili of Brescia, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Claudio Pignata
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences - Section of Pediatrics, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Emilia Cirillo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences - Section of Pediatrics, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Zicari
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Violi
- Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; Mediterranea Cardiocentro-Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Carnevale
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Località Camerelle, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Loffredo
- Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Piconese
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; Neuroimmunology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy; Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Raineri D, Abreu H, Vilardo B, Kustrimovic N, Venegoni C, Cappellano G, Chiocchetti A. Deep Flow Cytometry Unveils Distinct Immune Cell Subsets in Inducible T Cell Co-Stimulator Ligand (ICOSL)- and ICOS-Knockout Mice during Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2509. [PMID: 38473756 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The inducible T cell co-stimulator ligand (ICOSL), expressed by antigen presenting cells, binds to the inducible T cell co-stimulator (ICOS) on activated T cells. Improper function of the ICOS/ICOSL pathway has been implicated in several autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS). Previous studies showed that ICOS-knockout (KO) mice exhibit severe experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the animal model of MS, but data on ICOSL deficiency are not available. In our study, we explored the impact of both ICOS and ICOSL deficiencies on MOG35-55 -induced EAE and its associated immune cell dynamics by employing ICOSL-KO and ICOS-KO mice with a C57BL/6J background. During EAE resolution, MOG-driven cytokine levels and the immunophenotype of splenocytes were evaluated by ELISA and multiparametric flow cytometry, respectively. We found that both KO mice exhibited an overlapping and more severe EAE compared to C57BL/6J mice, corroborated by a reduction in memory/regulatory T cell subsets and interleukin (IL-)17 levels. It is noteworthy that an unsupervised analysis showed that ICOSL deficiency modifies the immune response in an original way, by affecting T central and effector memory (TCM, TEM), long-lived CD4+ TEM cells, and macrophages, compared to ICOS-KO and C57BL/6J mice, suggesting a role for other binding partners to ICOSL in EAE development, which deserves further study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Raineri
- Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases-IRCAD, University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease-CAAD, University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Hugo Abreu
- Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases-IRCAD, University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease-CAAD, University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Beatrice Vilardo
- Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases-IRCAD, University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease-CAAD, University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Natasa Kustrimovic
- Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases-IRCAD, University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease-CAAD, University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Chiara Venegoni
- Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases-IRCAD, University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease-CAAD, University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cappellano
- Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases-IRCAD, University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease-CAAD, University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Annalisa Chiocchetti
- Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases-IRCAD, University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease-CAAD, University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
París-Muñoz A, León-Triana O, Pérez-Martínez A, Barber DF. Helios as a Potential Biomarker in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and New Therapies Based on Immunosuppressive Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:452. [PMID: 38203623 PMCID: PMC10778776 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The Helios protein (encoded by the IKZF2 gene) is a member of the Ikaros transcription family and it has recently been proposed as a promising biomarker for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) disease progression in both mouse models and patients. Helios is beginning to be studied extensively for its influence on the T regulatory (Treg) compartment, both CD4+ Tregs and KIR+/Ly49+ CD8+ Tregs, with alterations to the number and function of these cells correlated to the autoimmune phenomenon. This review analyzes the most recent research on Helios expression in relation to the main immune cell populations and its role in SLE immune homeostasis, specifically focusing on the interaction between T cells and tolerogenic dendritic cells (tolDCs). This information could be potentially useful in the design of new therapies, with a particular focus on transfer therapies using immunosuppressive cells. Finally, we will discuss the possibility of using nanotechnology for magnetic targeting to overcome some of the obstacles related to these therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrés París-Muñoz
- Department of Immunology and Oncology and NanoBiomedicine Initiative, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain;
- Translational Research in Pediatric Oncology, Hematopoietic Transplantation and Cell Therapy, IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (O.L.-T.); (A.P.-M.)
- IdiPAZ-CNIO Pediatric Onco-Hematology Clinical Research Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Odelaisy León-Triana
- Translational Research in Pediatric Oncology, Hematopoietic Transplantation and Cell Therapy, IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (O.L.-T.); (A.P.-M.)
- IdiPAZ-CNIO Pediatric Onco-Hematology Clinical Research Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Pérez-Martínez
- Translational Research in Pediatric Oncology, Hematopoietic Transplantation and Cell Therapy, IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (O.L.-T.); (A.P.-M.)
- IdiPAZ-CNIO Pediatric Onco-Hematology Clinical Research Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Domingo F. Barber
- Department of Immunology and Oncology and NanoBiomedicine Initiative, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cheru N, Hafler DA, Sumida TS. Regulatory T cells in peripheral tissue tolerance and diseases. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1154575. [PMID: 37197653 PMCID: PMC10183596 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1154575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of peripheral tolerance by CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) is essential for regulating autoreactive T cells. The loss of function of Foxp3 leads to autoimmune disease in both animals and humans. An example is the rare, X-linked recessive disorder known as IPEX (Immune Dysregulation, Polyendocrinopathy, Enteropathy X-linked) syndrome. In more common human autoimmune diseases, defects in Treg function are accompanied with aberrant effector cytokines such as IFNγ. It has recently become appreciated that Tregs plays an important role in not only maintaining immune homeostasis but also in establishing the tissue microenvironment and homeostasis of non-lymphoid tissues. Tissue resident Tregs show profiles that are unique to their local environments which are composed of both immune and non-immune cells. Core tissue-residence gene signatures are shared across different tissue Tregs and are crucial to homeostatic regulation and maintaining the tissue Treg pool in a steady state. Through interaction with immunocytes and non-immunocytes, tissue Tregs exert a suppressive function via conventional ways involving contact dependent and independent processes. In addition, tissue resident Tregs communicate with other tissue resident cells which allows Tregs to adopt to their local microenvironment. These bidirectional interactions are dependent on the specific tissue environment. Here, we summarize the recent advancements of tissue Treg studies in both human and mice, and discuss the molecular mechanisms that maintain tissue homeostasis and prevent pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nardos Cheru
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - David A. Hafler
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Tomokazu S. Sumida
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
RBP-RNA interactions in the control of autoimmunity and autoinflammation. Cell Res 2023; 33:97-115. [PMID: 36599968 PMCID: PMC9892603 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-022-00752-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmunity and autoinflammation arise from aberrant immunological and inflammatory responses toward self-components, contributing to various autoimmune diseases and autoinflammatory diseases. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are essential for immune cell development and function, mainly via exerting post-transcriptional regulation of RNA metabolism and function. Functional dysregulation of RBPs and abnormities in RNA metabolism are closely associated with multiple autoimmune or autoinflammatory disorders. Distinct RBPs play critical roles in aberrant autoreactive inflammatory responses via orchestrating a complex regulatory network consisting of DNAs, RNAs and proteins within immune cells. In-depth characterizations of RBP-RNA interactomes during autoimmunity and autoinflammation will lead to a better understanding of autoimmune pathogenesis and facilitate the development of effective therapeutic strategies. In this review, we summarize and discuss the functions of RBP-RNA interactions in controlling aberrant autoimmune inflammation and their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Collapse
|
9
|
Protective role of T regulatory (Treg) cells in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with nephritis. THE EGYPTIAN RHEUMATOLOGIST 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejr.2022.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
10
|
Agosto‐Burgos C, Wu EY, Iannone MA, Hu Y, Hogan SL, Henderson CD, Kennedy KB, Blazek L, Herrera CA, Munson D, Falk RJ, Ciavatta DJ, Free ME. The frequency of Treg subsets distinguishes disease activity in ANCA vasculitis. Clin Transl Immunology 2022; 11:e1428. [PMID: 36381498 PMCID: PMC9652144 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives T regulatory cells (Tregs) are a heterogeneous group of immunoregulatory cells that dampen self-harming immune responses and prevent the development of autoimmune diseases. In anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA) vasculitis, Tregs possess diminished suppressive capacity, which has been attributed to the expression of a FOXP3 splice-variant lacking exon 2 in T cells (FOXP3Δ2 CD4+ T cells). However, the suppressive capacity of Tregs varies between subsets. We evaluated the frequency of Treg subsets in ANCA vasculitis as a potential explanation for diminished suppressive capacity. Methods We developed a custom mass cytometry panel and performed deep immune profiling of Tregs in healthy controls, patients with active disease and in remission. Using these data, we performed multidimensional reduction and discriminant analysis to identify associations between Treg subsets and disease activity. Results Total Tregs were expanded in ANCA vasculitis, which was associated with remission and the administration of rituximab and/or prednisone. The frequency of FOXP3Δ2 CD4+ T cells did not distinguish disease activity and this population had high expression levels of CD127 and lacked both CD25 and Helios, suggesting that they are not conventional Tregs. The frequency of CXCR3+, CD103+ and CCR7+ Tregs distinguished disease activity, and the combination of the frequency of these three Treg subsets segregated active patients from patients in remission and healthy controls. From these three subsets, the frequency of CXCR3+ Tregs distinguished patients with active disease with renal involvement. Conclusion Treg heterogeneity can discriminate disease activity and should be explored as a biomarker of disease activity in ANCA vasculitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Agosto‐Burgos
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, UNC Kidney CenterUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Eveline Y Wu
- Division of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of PediatricsUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Marie A Iannone
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Yichun Hu
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, UNC Kidney CenterUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Susan L Hogan
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, UNC Kidney CenterUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Candace D Henderson
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, UNC Kidney CenterUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Kristin B Kennedy
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, UNC Kidney CenterUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Lauren Blazek
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, UNC Kidney CenterUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Carolina A Herrera
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, UNC Kidney CenterUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Dominique Munson
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, UNC Kidney CenterUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Ronald J Falk
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, UNC Kidney CenterUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
- Department of MedicineUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Dominic J Ciavatta
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, UNC Kidney CenterUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
- Department of GeneticsUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Meghan E Free
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, UNC Kidney CenterUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
- Department of MedicineUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Dittrich-Salamon M, Meyer A, Yan S, Steinbach-Knödgen E, Kotschenreuther K, Stahl D, tho Pesch C, Schiller J, Byrtus F, Jochimsen D, Golumba-Nagy V, Kofler DM. Regulatory T Cells from Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Are Characterized by Reduced Expression of Ikaros Zinc Finger Transcription Factors. Cells 2022; 11:cells11142171. [PMID: 35883614 PMCID: PMC9316388 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T (Treg) cells play an important role in immune tolerance and contribute to the prevention of autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The differentiation, function and stability of Treg cells is controlled by members of the Ikaros zinc finger transcription factor family. In this study, we aimed to reveal how the expression of Ikaros transcription factors is affected by disease activity in RA. Therefore, we analyzed the ex vivo expression of Ikaros, Helios, Aiolos and Eos in Treg cells, Th17 cells and Th1 cells from RA patients by flow cytometry. We found significantly reduced expression of Helios, Aiolos and Eos in Treg cells from RA patients as compared to healthy controls. Moreover, Helios and Aiolos levels correlated with disease activity, as assessed by DAS28-CRP. In addition, Ikaros, Helios and Aiolos were significantly downregulated in Th1 cells from RA patients, while no difference between healthy individuals and RA was observed in Th17 cells. In summary, Helios and Aiolos expression in Treg cells correlates with disease activity and the expression levels of Ikaros transcription factors are diminished in Treg cells from RA patients. This observation could explain the reduced stability of Treg cells in RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mara Dittrich-Salamon
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpenerstr. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (M.D.-S.); (A.M.); (S.Y.); (E.S.-K.); (K.K.); (V.G.-N.)
| | - Anja Meyer
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpenerstr. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (M.D.-S.); (A.M.); (S.Y.); (E.S.-K.); (K.K.); (V.G.-N.)
| | - Shuaifeng Yan
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpenerstr. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (M.D.-S.); (A.M.); (S.Y.); (E.S.-K.); (K.K.); (V.G.-N.)
| | - Eva Steinbach-Knödgen
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpenerstr. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (M.D.-S.); (A.M.); (S.Y.); (E.S.-K.); (K.K.); (V.G.-N.)
| | - Konstantin Kotschenreuther
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpenerstr. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (M.D.-S.); (A.M.); (S.Y.); (E.S.-K.); (K.K.); (V.G.-N.)
| | - David Stahl
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpenerstr. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (D.S.); (C.t.P.); (J.S.); (F.B.); (D.J.)
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, Kerpenerstr. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Carola tho Pesch
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpenerstr. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (D.S.); (C.t.P.); (J.S.); (F.B.); (D.J.)
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, Kerpenerstr. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Joanna Schiller
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpenerstr. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (D.S.); (C.t.P.); (J.S.); (F.B.); (D.J.)
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, Kerpenerstr. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Franziska Byrtus
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpenerstr. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (D.S.); (C.t.P.); (J.S.); (F.B.); (D.J.)
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, Kerpenerstr. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Dorothee Jochimsen
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpenerstr. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (D.S.); (C.t.P.); (J.S.); (F.B.); (D.J.)
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, Kerpenerstr. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Viktoria Golumba-Nagy
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpenerstr. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (M.D.-S.); (A.M.); (S.Y.); (E.S.-K.); (K.K.); (V.G.-N.)
| | - David M. Kofler
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpenerstr. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (M.D.-S.); (A.M.); (S.Y.); (E.S.-K.); (K.K.); (V.G.-N.)
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpenerstr. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (D.S.); (C.t.P.); (J.S.); (F.B.); (D.J.)
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, Kerpenerstr. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-221-47842882; Fax: +49-221-4781422322
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gupta R, Vanlieshout E, Manion K, Bonilla D, Kim M, Muñoz-Grajales C, Nassar C, Johnson SR, Hiraki LT, Ahmad Z, Touma Z, Bookman A, Wither JE. Altered Balance of Pro-Inflammatory Immune Cells to T Regulatory Cells Differentiates Symptomatic From Asymptomatic Individuals With Anti-Nuclear Antibodies. Front Immunol 2022; 13:886442. [PMID: 35844549 PMCID: PMC9279569 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.886442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases (SARDs) are characterized by the production of anti-nuclear antibodies (ANAs). ANAs are also seen in healthy individuals and can be detected years before disease onset in SARD. Both the immunological changes that promote development of clinical symptoms in SARD and those that prevent autoimmunity in asymptomatic ANA+ individuals (ANA+ NS) remain largely unexplored. To address this question, we used flow cytometry to examine peripheral blood immune populations in ANA+ individuals, with and without SARD, including 20 individuals who subsequently demonstrated symptom progression. Several immune populations were expanded in ANA+ individuals with and without SARD, as compared with ANA- healthy controls, particularly follicular and peripheral T helper, and antibody-producing B cell subsets. In ANA+ NS individuals, there were significant increases in T regulatory subsets and TGF-ß1 that normalized in SARD patients, whereas in SARD patients there were increases in Th2 and Th17 helper cell levels as compared with ANA+ NS individuals, resulting in a shift in the balance between inflammatory and regulatory T cell subsets. Patients with SARD also had increases in the proportion of pro-inflammatory innate immune cell populations, such as CD14+ myeloid dendritic cells, and intermediate and non-classical monocytes, as compared to ANA+ NS individuals. When comparing ANA+ individuals without SARD who progressed clinically over the subsequent 2 years with those who did not, we found that progressors had significantly increased T and B cell activation, as well as increased levels of LAG3+ T regulatory cells and TGF-ß1. Collectively, our findings suggest that active immunoregulation prevents clinical autoimmunity in ANA+ NS and that this becomes impaired in patients who progress to SARD, resulting in an imbalance favoring inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rashi Gupta
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Emma Vanlieshout
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kieran Manion
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Dennisse Bonilla
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Kim
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Carolina Muñoz-Grajales
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Carol Nassar
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sindhu R. Johnson
- Department of Medicine, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto Scleroderma Program, Department of Medicine, Toronto Western and Mount Sinai Hospitals, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Linda T. Hiraki
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Zareen Ahmad
- Department of Medicine, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto Scleroderma Program, Department of Medicine, Toronto Western and Mount Sinai Hospitals, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Zahi Touma
- Department of Medicine, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in Rheumatic Diseases, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Arthur Bookman
- Department of Medicine, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Rheumatology, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Joan E. Wither
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Rheumatology, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Joan E. Wither,
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yahsi B, Gunaydin G. Immunometabolism – The Role of Branched-Chain Amino Acids. Front Immunol 2022; 13:886822. [PMID: 35812393 PMCID: PMC9259854 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.886822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunometabolism has been the focus of extensive research over the last years, especially in terms of augmenting anti-tumor immune responses. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a subset of CD4+ T cells, which have been known for their immunosuppressive roles in various conditions including anti-tumor immune responses. Even though several studies aimed to target Tregs in the tumor microenvironment (TME), such approaches generally result in the inhibition of the Tregs non-specifically, which may cause immunopathologies such as autoimmunity. Therefore, specifically targeting the Tregs in the TME would be vital in terms of achieving a successful and specific treatment. Recently, an association between Tregs and isoleucine, which represents one type of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), has been demonstrated. The presence of isoleucine seems to affect majorly Tregs, rather than conventional T cells. Considering the fact that Tregs bear several distinct metabolic features in the TME, targeting their immunometabolic pathways may be a rational approach. In this Review, we provide a general overview on the potential distinct metabolic features of T cells, especially focusing on BCAAs in Tregs as well as in their subtypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Berkay Yahsi
- School of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gurcan Gunaydin
- Department of Basic Oncology, Cancer Institute, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- *Correspondence: Gurcan Gunaydin,
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
París-Muñoz A, Aizpurua G, Barber DF. Helios Expression Is Downregulated on CD8+ Treg in Two Mouse Models of Lupus During Disease Progression. Front Immunol 2022; 13:922958. [PMID: 35784310 PMCID: PMC9244697 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.922958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
T-cell–mediated autoimmunity reflects an imbalance in this compartment that is not restored by tolerogenic immune cells, e.g., regulatory T cells or tolerogenic dendritic cells (tolDCs). Although studies into T-cell equilibrium have mainly focused on regulatory CD4+FoxP3+ T cells (CD4+ Tregs), recent findings on the lesser known CD8+ Tregs (CD44+CD122+Ly49+) have highlighted their non-redundant role in regulating lupus-like disease and their regulatory phenotype facilitated by the transcription factor Helios in mice and humans. However, there are still remaining questions about Helios regulation and dynamics in different autoimmune contexts. Here, we show the absence of CD8+ Tregs in two lupus-prone murine models: MRL/MPJ and MRL/lpr, in comparison with a non-prone mouse strain like C57BL/6. We observed that all MRL animals showed a dramatically reduced population of CD8+ Tregs and a greater Helios downregulation on diseased mice. Helios induction was detected preferentially on CD8+ T cells from OT-I mice co-cultured with tolDCs from C57BL/6 but not in MRL animals. Furthermore, the Helios profile was also altered in other relevant T-cell populations implicated in lupus, such as CD4+ Tregs, conventional CD4+, and double-negative T cells. Together, these findings could make Helios a versatile maker across the T-cell repertoire that is capable of differentiating lupus disease states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrés París-Muñoz
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- NanoBiomedicine Initiative, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Aizpurua
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- NanoBiomedicine Initiative, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Domingo F. Barber
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- NanoBiomedicine Initiative, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Domingo F. Barber,
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lee AY, Foulsham W. Regulatory T Cells: Therapeutic Opportunities in Uveitis. FRONTIERS IN OPHTHALMOLOGY 2022; 2:901144. [PMID: 38983511 PMCID: PMC11182269 DOI: 10.3389/fopht.2022.901144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are critical for the maintenance of immune tolerance and the suppression of excessive inflammation. Many inflammatory autoimmune disorders, including autoimmune uveitis, involve the loss of the suppressive capacities of Tregs. Over the past decade, Tregs' therapeutic potential in uveitis has garnered increasing attention. Specific subsets of Tregs, including TIGIT+ and PD-1+ Tregs, have emerged as potent immunosuppressors that may be particularly well-suited to cell-based therapeutics. Studies have elucidated the interaction between Treg development and the gut microbiome as well as various intracellular signaling pathways. Numerous cell-based therapies and therapeutic molecules have been proposed and investigated using the murine experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) model. However, certain challenges remain to be addressed. Studies involving the use of Tregs in human patients with uveitis are lacking, and there are concerns regarding Tregs' production and purification for practical use, their plasticity towards inflammatory phenotypes, immunogenicity, and tumorigenicity. Nevertheless, recent research has brought Tregs closer to yielding viable treatment options for uveitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - William Foulsham
- Department of Ophthalmology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Liu J, Wang X, Deng Y, Yu X, Wang H, Li Z. Research Progress on the Role of Regulatory T Cell in Tumor Microenvironment in the Treatment of Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:766248. [PMID: 34868991 PMCID: PMC8636122 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.766248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex ecosystem comprised of cancer cells, stromal cells, and immune cells. Analysis of the composition of TME is essential to assess the prognosis of patients with breast cancer (BC) and the efficacy of different regimes. Treg plays a crucial role in the microenvironment of breast cancer subtypes, and its function contributes to the development and progression of BC by suppressing anti-tumor immunity directly or indirectly through multiple mechanisms. In addition, conventional treatments, such as anthracycline-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and neo-therapies, such as immune-checkpoint blockades, have a significant impact on the absence of Tregs in BC TME, thus gaining additional anti-tumor effect to some extent. Strikingly, Treg in BC TME revealed the predicted efficacy of some therapeutic strategies. All these results suggest that we can manipulate the abundance of Treg to achieve the ultimate effect of both conventional and novel treatments. In this review, we discuss new insights into the characteristics of Treg in BC TME, the impact of different regiments on Treg, and the possibilities of Treg as a predictive marker of efficacy for certain treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianyu Liu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Xueying Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Yuhan Deng
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Hongbin Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Zhigao Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
Failure of regulatory T (Treg) cells to properly control immune responses leads invariably to autoimmunity and organ damage. Decreased numbers or impaired function of Treg cells, especially in the context of inflammation, has been documented in many human autoimmune diseases. Restoration of Treg cell fitness and/or expansion of their numbers using low-dose natural IL-2, the main cytokine driving Treg cell survival and function, has demonstrated clinical efficacy in early clinical trials. Genetically modified IL-2 with an extended half-life and increased selectivity for Treg cells is now in clinical development. Administration of IL-2 combined with therapies targeting other pathways involved in the expression of autoimmune diseases should further enhance its therapeutic potential. Ongoing clinical efforts that capitalize on the early clinical success of IL-2 treatment should bring the use of this cytokine to the forefront of biological treatments for autoimmune diseases.
Collapse
|
18
|
Impaired Differentiation of Highly Proliferative ICOS +-Tregs Is Involved in the Transition from Low to High Disease Activity in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179501. [PMID: 34502409 PMCID: PMC8430608 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulations in the differentiation of CD4+-regulatory-T-cells (Tregs) and CD4+-responder-T-cells (Tresps) are involved in the development of active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Three differentiation pathways of highly proliferative inducible costimulatory molecule (ICOS)+- and less proliferative ICOS--CD45RA+CD31+-recent-thymic-emigrant (RTE)-Tregs/Tresps via CD45RA-CD31+-memory-Tregs/Tresps (CD31+-memory-Tregs/Tresps), their direct proliferation via CD45RA+CD31--mature naïve (MN)-Tregs/Tresps, and the production and differentiation of resting MN-Tregs/Tresp into CD45RA-CD31--memory-Tregs/Tresps (CD31--memory-Tregs/Tresps) were examined in 115 healthy controls, 96 SLE remission patients, and 20 active disease patients using six color flow cytometric analysis. In healthy controls an appropriate sequence of these pathways ensured regular age-dependent differentiation. In SLE patients, an age-independently exaggerated differentiation was observed for all Treg/Tresp subsets, where the increased conversion of resting MN-Tregs/Tresps particularly guaranteed the significantly increased ratios of ICOS+-Tregs/ICOS+-Tresps and ICOS--Tregs/ICOS--Tresps during remission. Changes in the differentiation of resting ICOS+-MN-Tresps and ICOS--MN-Tregs from conversion to proliferation caused a significant shift in the ratio of ICOS+-Tregs/ICOS+-Tresps in favor of ICOS+-Tresps and a further increase in the ratio of ICOS--Tregs/ICOS--Tresps with active disease. The differentiation of ICOS+-RTE-Tregs/Tresps seems to be crucial for keeping patients in remission, where their limited production of proliferating resting MN-Tregs may be responsible for the occurrence of active disease flares.
Collapse
|
19
|
Coexpression of Helios in Foxp3 + Regulatory T Cells and Its Role in Human Disease. DISEASE MARKERS 2021; 2021:5574472. [PMID: 34257746 PMCID: PMC8245237 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5574472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) expressing the Foxp3 transcription factor are indispensable for the maintenance of immune system homeostasis. Tregs may lose Foxp3 expression or be reprogrammed into cells that produce proinflammatory cytokines, for example, Th1-like Tregs, Th2-like Tregs, Th17-like Tregs, and Tfh-like Tregs. Accordingly, selective therapeutic molecules that manipulate Treg lineage stability and/or functional activity might have the potential to improve aberrant immune responses in human disorders. In particular, the transcription factor Helios has emerged as an important marker and modulator of Tregs. Therefore, the current review focuses on recent findings on the expression, function, and mechanisms of Helios, as well as the patterns of Foxp3+ Tregs coexpressing Helios in various human disorders, in order to explore the potential of Helios for the improvement of many immune-related diseases. The studies were selected from PubMed using the library of the Nanjing Medical University in this review. The findings of the included studies indicate that Helios expression stabilizes the phenotype and function of Foxp3+ Tregs in certain inflammatory environments. Further, Tregs coexpressing Helios and Foxp3 were identified as a specific phenotype of stronger suppressor immune cells in both humans and animal models. Importantly, there is ample evidence that Helios-expressing Foxp3+ Tregs are relevant to various human disorders, including connective tissue diseases, infectious diseases, solid organ transplantation-related immunity, and cancer. Thus, Helios+Foxp3+CD4+ Tregs could be a valuable target in human diseases, and their potential should be explored further in the clinical setting.
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhang Y, Zhang J, Shi Y, Shen M, Lv H, Chen S, Feng Y, Chen H, Xu X, Yang T, Xu K. Differences in Maturation Status and Immune Phenotypes of Circulating Helios + and Helios - Tregs and Their Disrupted Correlations With Monocyte Subsets in Autoantibody-Positive T1D Individuals. Front Immunol 2021; 12:628504. [PMID: 34054801 PMCID: PMC8149963 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.628504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
CD4 Tregs are involved in the regulation of various autoimmune diseases but believed to be highly heterogeneous. Studies have indicated that Helios controls a distinct subset of functional Tregs. However, the immunological changes in circulating Helios+ and Helios− Tregs are not fully explored in type 1 diabetes (T1D). Here, we elucidated the differences in maturation status and immune regulatory phenotypes of Helios+ and Helios− Tregs and their correlations with monocyte subsets in T1D individuals. As CD25−/low FOXP3+ Tregs also represent a subset of functional Tregs, we defined Tregs as FOXP3+CD127−/low and examined circulating Helios+ and Helios− Treg subpopulations in 68 autoantibody-positive T1D individuals and 68 age-matched healthy controls. We found that expression of both FOXP3 and CTLA4 diminished in Helios− Tregs, while the proportion of CD25−/low Tregs increased in Helios+ Tregs of T1D individuals. Although the frequencies of neither Helios+ nor Helios− Tregs were affected by investigated T1D genetic risk loci, Helios+ Tregs correlated with age at T1D diagnosis negatively and disease duration positively. Moreover, the negative correlation between central and effector memory proportions of Helios+ Tregs in healthy controls was disrupted in T1D individuals. Finally, regulatory non-classical and intermediate monocytes also decreased in T1D individuals, and positive correlations between these regulatory monocytes and Helios+/Helios− Treg subsets in healthy controls disappeared in T1D individuals. In conclusion, we demonstrated the alternations in maturation status and immune phenotypes in Helios+ and Helios− Treg subsets and revealed the missing association between these Treg subsets and monocyte subsets in T1D individuals, which might point out another option for elucidating T1D mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuyue Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Shi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Shen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Lv
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shu Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingjie Feng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Heng Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyu Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kuanfeng Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Peripheral Blood from Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Shows Decreased T reg CD25 Expression and Reduced Frequency of Effector T reg Subpopulation. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040801. [PMID: 33916798 PMCID: PMC8067140 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common autoimmune disease characterized by immune cell infiltration of the synovium, leading to the loss of cartilage, bone, and joint function. Although regulatory T (Treg) cells are thought to modulate the initiation and progression of RA, a consensus has yet to be reached regarding the function and composition of Treg cells in RA patients. To address these discrepancies, we analyzed not only the total Treg frequency but also that of Treg subpopulations in the peripheral blood of RA patients and healthy controls by flow cytometry. We found that the total Treg population was not significantly different between RA and control subjects. However, the effector Treg cell subgroup, defined as CD45RA−CD25hi, showed markedly decreased frequency in RA patients. In addition, the total Treg population from RA patients showed a significant decline in the expression of CD25. Both the naïve and effector Treg subgroups also showed marked reduction of CD25 expression in RA patients compared to controls. These data suggest that the decreased frequency of effector Treg cells and overall reduction of CD25 expression in Treg cells in the peripheral blood may be evidence of altered Treg homeostasis associated with RA pathogenesis.
Collapse
|
22
|
Holderried TA, Kruse M, Serries M, Brossart P, Wolf D, Wolf AM. Helios-expressing CD8 + T cells are decreased in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2021; 30:1022-1024. [PMID: 33715497 DOI: 10.1177/0961203321999723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Aw Holderried
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Immunoncology and Rheumatology, Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Mareike Kruse
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Immunoncology and Rheumatology, Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Serries
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Immunoncology and Rheumatology, Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Peter Brossart
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Immunoncology and Rheumatology, Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Dominik Wolf
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Immunoncology and Rheumatology, Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Bonn, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Anna Maria Wolf
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Immunoncology and Rheumatology, Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Bonn, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Dysregulation of Ki-67 Expression in T Cells of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. CHILDREN-BASEL 2021; 8:children8020116. [PMID: 33562037 PMCID: PMC7915849 DOI: 10.3390/children8020116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by behavioral abnormalities such as impairments in social function and deficits in communication. The etiology of autism is unknown in most cases, but many studies have pointed towards the immune system as a causative agent in autism. Specific studies implicated lymphocytes, natural killer (NK) cells, monocytes, cytokines, and specific transcription factors in the development of ASD. The protein Ki-67 is n expressed in the proliferating cells and is used as a tool in several disorders. Ki-67 plays a crucial role in many neurological diseases. However, Ki-67 role in ASD is not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the possible role of Ki-67 expression in autistic children. We compared Ki-67 production in CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CXCR4+, CXCR7+, CD45R+, HLA-DR+, GATA3+, Helios+, and FOXP3+ peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in autistic children to typically developing (TD) controls using immunofluorescence staining. We also determined Ki-67 mRNA levels in PBMCs using RT–PCR. The results revealed that autistic children had significantly increased numbers of CD3+Ki-67+, CD4+Ki-67+, CD8+Ki-67+, CXCR4+Ki-67+, CXCR7+Ki-67+, CD45R+Ki-67+, HLA-DR+Ki-67+, CXCR4+GATA3+, GATA3+Ki-67+ cells and decreased Helios+Ki-67+ and FOXP3+Ki-67+ cells compared with TD controls. In addition, the autistic children showed upregulation of Ki-67 mRNA levels compared with TD controls. Further studies need to be carried out to assess the exact role of Ki-67 and its therapeutic potential in ASD.
Collapse
|
24
|
Pacella I, Spinelli FR, Severa M, Timperi E, Tucci G, Zagaglioni M, Ceccarelli F, Rizzo F, Coccia EM, Patel RS, Martin-Fernandez M, Bogunovic D, Conti F, Barnaba V, Piconese S. ISG15 protects human Tregs from interferon alpha-induced contraction in a cell-intrinsic fashion. Clin Transl Immunology 2020; 9:e1221. [PMID: 33376595 PMCID: PMC7758615 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Type I interferons (IFNs) inhibit regulatory T-cell (Treg) expansion and activation, making them beneficial in antiviral responses, but detrimental in autoimmune diseases. Herein, we investigate the role of ISG15 in human Tregs in the context of refractoriness to type I IFN stimulation. Methods ISG15 expression and Treg dynamics were analysed in vitro and ex vivo from patients with chronic hepatitis C, with lupus and ISG15 deficiency. Results ISG15 is expressed at high levels in human Tregs, renders them refractory to the IFN-STAT1 signal, and protects them from IFN-driven contraction. In vitro, Tregs from healthy controls upregulate ISG15 upon activation to higher levels than conventional CD4 T cells, and ISG15-silenced Tregs are more susceptible to IFNα-induced contraction. In human ISG15 deficiency, patient Tregs display an elevated IFN signature relative to Tregs from healthy control. In vivo, in patients with chronic hepatitis C, 2 days after starting pegIFN/ribavirin therapy, a stronger ISG15 inducibility correlates with a milder Treg depletion. Ex vivo, in systemic lupus erythematosus patients, higher levels of ISG15 are associated to reduced STAT1 phosphorylation in response to IFNα, and also to increased frequencies of Tregs, characterising active disease. Conclusion Our results reveal a Treg-intrinsic role of ISG15 in dictating their refractoriness to the IFN signal, thus preserving the Treg population under inflammatory conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilenia Pacella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Internistiche, Anestesiologiche e Cardiovascolari Sapienza Università di Roma Rome Italy
| | - Francesca Romana Spinelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Internistiche, Anestesiologiche e Cardiovascolari Sapienza Università di Roma Rome Italy
| | - Martina Severa
- Department of Infectious Diseases Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome Italy
| | - Eleonora Timperi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Internistiche, Anestesiologiche e Cardiovascolari Sapienza Università di Roma Rome Italy.,Present address: Eleonora Timperi Institut Curie Paris France
| | - Gloria Tucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Internistiche, Anestesiologiche e Cardiovascolari Sapienza Università di Roma Rome Italy
| | - Marta Zagaglioni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Internistiche, Anestesiologiche e Cardiovascolari Sapienza Università di Roma Rome Italy.,Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti Rome Italy
| | - Fulvia Ceccarelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Internistiche, Anestesiologiche e Cardiovascolari Sapienza Università di Roma Rome Italy
| | - Fabiana Rizzo
- Department of Infectious Diseases Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome Italy
| | - Eliana M Coccia
- Department of Infectious Diseases Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome Italy
| | - Roosheel S Patel
- Center for Inborn Errors of Immunity Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA.,Precision Immunology Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA.,Mindich Child Health and Development Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA.,Department of Pediatrics Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA.,Department of Microbiology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA
| | - Marta Martin-Fernandez
- Center for Inborn Errors of Immunity Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA.,Precision Immunology Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA.,Mindich Child Health and Development Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA.,Department of Pediatrics Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA.,Department of Microbiology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA
| | - Dusan Bogunovic
- Center for Inborn Errors of Immunity Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA.,Precision Immunology Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA.,Mindich Child Health and Development Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA.,Department of Pediatrics Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA.,Department of Microbiology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA
| | - Fabrizio Conti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Internistiche, Anestesiologiche e Cardiovascolari Sapienza Università di Roma Rome Italy
| | - Vincenzo Barnaba
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Internistiche, Anestesiologiche e Cardiovascolari Sapienza Università di Roma Rome Italy.,Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti Rome Italy
| | - Silvia Piconese
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Internistiche, Anestesiologiche e Cardiovascolari Sapienza Università di Roma Rome Italy.,Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti Rome Italy
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Perry DJ, Titov AA, Sobel ES, Brusko TM, Morel L. Immunophenotyping reveals distinct subgroups of lupus patients based on their activated T cell subsets. Clin Immunol 2020; 221:108602. [PMID: 33007439 PMCID: PMC8173542 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2020.108602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study performed an integrated analysis of the cellular and transcriptional differences in peripheral immune cells between patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and healthy controls (HC). METHODS Peripheral blood was analyzed using standardized flow cytometry panels. Transcriptional analysis of CD4+ T cells was performed by microarrays and Nanostring assays. RESULTS SLE CD4+ T cells showed an increased expression of oxidative phosphorylation and immunoregulatory genes. SLE patients presented higher frequencies of activated CD38+HLA-DR+ T cells than HC. Hierarchical clustering identified a group of SLE patients among which African Americans were overrepresented, with highly activated T cells, and higher frequencies of Th1, Tfh, and plasmablast cells. T cell activation was positively correlated with metabolic gene expression in SLE patients but not in HC. CONCLUSIONS SLE subjects presenting with activated T cells and a hyperactive metabolic signature may represent an opportunity to correct aberrant immune activation through targeted metabolic inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Perry
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Anton A. Titov
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Eric S. Sobel
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Todd M. Brusko
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Laurence Morel
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Sznurkowska K, Luty J, Bryl E, Witkowski JM, Hermann-Okoniewska B, Landowski P, Kosek M, Szlagatys-Sidorkiewicz A. Enhancement of Circulating and Intestinal T Regulatory Cells and Their Expression of Helios and Neuropilin-1 in Children with Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Inflamm Res 2020; 13:995-1005. [PMID: 33273840 PMCID: PMC7705274 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s268484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims The proportions of intestinal and peripheral regulatory T cells (Tregs) in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) were poorly investigated, as well as different subsets of these cells. Helios and Neuropilin-1 were proposed as markers differentiating between thymic and peripheral Tregs. Therefore, the aim of current work was to investigate the proportions of Tregs and expression of Helios and Neuropilin-1 in Tregs in peripheral blood and intestinal mucosa of children with inflammatory bowel disease. Materials and methods Fifteen patients newly diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease: ulcerative colitis (n=7) and Crohn's disease (n=8) were included in the study. Nine children who presented with no abnormalities in colonoscopy served as a control group. Quantification of regulatory T cells of the CD4+CD25highFOXP3+ phenotype, as well as Helios+ and Neuropilin-1+ in peripheral blood and bowel mucosa was based on multicolor flow cytometry. Results The rates of circulating and intestinal Tregs were significantly higher in the studied group than in the control group. The rate of intestinal T regulatory lymphocytes was significantly higher than circulating Tregs in patients with IBD, but not in the control group. The median proportion of circulating FOXP3+Helios+ cells amounted to 24.83% in IBD patients and 15.93% in the controls. The median proportion of circulating FOXP3+Nrp-1+ cells was 34.23% in IBD and 21.01% in the control group. No statistically significant differences were noted for the circulating FOXP3+Helios+ cells and FOXP3+Nrp-1+ cells between the studied and the control group. Conclusion The rates of circulating and intestinal T regulatory cells are increased in naïve pediatric patients with IBD. The rate of Tregs is higher in intestinal mucosa than in peripheral blood in patients with IBD. Flow cytometry is a valuable method assessing the composition of infiltrates in inflamed tissue. Helios and Neuropilin-1 likely cannot serve as markers to differentiate between natural and adaptive Tregs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Sznurkowska
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Gastroenterology, Allergology and Nutrition, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Justyna Luty
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Rheumatology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Ewa Bryl
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Rheumatology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jacek M Witkowski
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | - Piotr Landowski
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Gastroenterology, Allergology and Nutrition, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Marta Kosek
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Gastroenterology, Allergology and Nutrition, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Qiu R, Zhou L, Ma Y, Zhou L, Liang T, Shi L, Long J, Yuan D. Regulatory T Cell Plasticity and Stability and Autoimmune Diseases. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2020; 58:52-70. [PMID: 30449014 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-018-8721-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a class of CD4+ T cells with immunosuppressive functions that play a critical role in maintaining immune homeostasis. However, in certain disease settings, Tregs demonstrate plastic differentiation, and the stability of these Tregs, which is characterized by the stable expression or protective epigenetic modifications of the transcription factor Foxp3, becomes abnormal. Plastic Tregs have some features of helper T (Th) cells, such as the secretion of Th-related cytokines and the expression of specific transcription factors in Th cells, but also still retain the expression of Foxp3, a feature of Tregs. Although such Th-like Tregs can secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines, they still possess a strong ability to inhibit specific Th cell responses. Therefore, the plastic differentiation of Tregs not only increases the complexity of the immune circumstances under pathological conditions, especially autoimmune diseases, but also shows an association with changes in the stability of Tregs. The plastic differentiation and stability change of Tregs play vital roles in the progression of diseases. This review focuses on the phenotypic characteristics, functions, and formation conditions of several plastic Tregs and also summarizes the changes of Treg stability and their effects on inhibitory function. Additionally, the effects of Treg plasticity and stability on disease prognosis for several autoimmune diseases were also investigated in order to better understand the relationship between Tregs and autoimmune diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Runze Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xianlin Dadao 138, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyu Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xianlin Dadao 138, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanjing Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xianlin Dadao 138, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xianlin Dadao 138, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xianlin Dadao 138, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Le Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xianlin Dadao 138, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Long
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xianlin Dadao 138, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dongping Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xianlin Dadao 138, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Zohouri M, Mehdipour F, Razmkhah M, Faghih Z, Ghaderi A. CD4 +CD25 -FoxP3 + T cells: a distinct subset or a heterogeneous population? Int Rev Immunol 2020; 40:307-316. [PMID: 32705909 DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2020.1797005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In addition to generating effective immunity against infectious agents, the immune system helps to fight against different noninfectious human diseases while maintaining the balance between self and non-self discrimination. The breakdown of tolerance in autoimmune diseases or sustainable tolerance in an abnormal microenvironment such as chronic inflammation may initiate the process of malignancy. Immune system regulation is controlled by a complex, dynamic network of cells and mediators. Understanding the cellular and molecular basis of immune regulation provides better insight into the mechanisms governing the immune pathology of diseases. Among several cellular subsets and mediators with regulatory roles, a subpopulation of CD4+ T cells was recently reported to be positive for FoxP3 and negative for CD25, with a suggested range of functional activities in both cancer and autoimmune diseases. This CD4 subset was first reported in 2006 and thought to have a role in the pathogenesis of cancer. However, the spectrum of roles played by this T cell subset is broad, and no consensus has been reached regarding its immunological functions. In this review, we focused on the possible origin of CD4+CD25‒FoxP3+ T cells and their function in cancer and autoimmune diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahshid Zohouri
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Mehdipour
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahboobeh Razmkhah
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Faghih
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Abbas Ghaderi
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Liu B, Shao Y, Liang X, Lu D, Yan L, Churov A, Fu R. CTLA-4 and HLA-DQ are key molecules in the regulation of mDC-mediated cellular immunity by Tregs in severe aplastic anemia. J Clin Lab Anal 2020; 34:e23443. [PMID: 32621335 PMCID: PMC7595925 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Regulatory T cells (Tregs) inhibit the activation of cluster of differentiation (CD) 4+, CD8+T cells and the antigen‐presenting process of antigen‐presenting cells, and may play an important role in acquired severe aplastic anemia (SAA). Methods Flow cytometry was used to measure CD4+CD25+CD127dim Tregs, cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA‐4) expression on Tregs, and human leukocyte antigen (HLA)‐DQ expression on myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs). The correlations of CTLA‐4 and HLA‐DQ with immune status and clinical indicators and the changes in these indicators after immunosuppressive therapy (IST) were analyzed. Results In SAA patients, the number of Tregs and their CTLA‐4 expression were low but recovered after IST; the HLA‐DQ expression on mDCs was high but decreased after IST. The CTLA‐4 expression on Tregs and the HLA‐DQ expression on mDCs showed a negative correlation. The CTLA‐4 on Tregs was positively but HLA‐DQ on mDCs negatively correlated with the number of Tregs, natural killer (NK) cell number, and CD4+T/CD8+T ratio. CTLA‐4 was positively but HLA‐DQ negatively correlated with the percentage of granulocytoid and erythroid cells in bone marrow, white blood cell count in PB, absolute neutrophil count in PB, and the percentage of reticulocytes in PB. Conclusions CTLA‐4/HLA‐DQ may be key in the regulation of Tregs on mDCs in SAA patients. Our findings should be helpful for further investigation of the mechanism of immune pathogenesis in SAA patients. Studies on the regulators of Treg and CTLA‐4 activity will be valuable for SAA therapeutic target research and disease monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bingnan Liu
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Shao
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Xiaowei Liang
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Dan Lu
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Alexey Churov
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Rong Fu
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Hanaoka H, Nishimoto T, Okazaki Y, Takeuchi T, Kuwana M. A unique thymus-derived regulatory T cell subset associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Res Ther 2020; 22:88. [PMID: 32317002 PMCID: PMC7171795 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-020-02183-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Foxp3 is a marker for regulatory T cells (Treg cells), but recent studies have shown the plasticity and heterogeneity of CD4+Foxp3+ T cells. This study aimed to examine the phenotype and function of circulating CD4+Foxp3+ T cells in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods We enrolled 47 patients with SLE, 31 with organ-specific autoimmune diseases (15 with multiple sclerosis and 16 with primary immune thrombocytopenia), and 19 healthy subjects. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were used to evaluate the proportion and phenotype of CD4+Foxp3+ cells using multicolor flow cytometry, the status of the Treg-specific demethylated region (TSDR) of the foxp3 gene by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction, and the immunoregulatory function of CD4+CD25+ cells by allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction. Immunohistochemistry of renal biopsy specimens obtained from 6 patients with lupus nephritis and 5 with IgA nephropathy was conducted to detect IL-17A-expressing CD4+Foxp3+ cells. Results CD4+Foxp3+ T cells were increased in SLE patients compared with organ-specific autoimmune disease controls or healthy controls. Circulating CD4+Foxp3+ T cells were correlated with the disease activity of SLE. The increased CD4+Foxp3+ T cells in active SLE patients were mainly derived from thymus-derived Treg (tTreg) cells, as determined by a demethylated TSDR status, and represented a unique phenotype, upregulated expression of CD49d, CD161, and IL-17A, with immunosuppressive ability comparable to that of healthy controls. Finally, CD4+Foxp3+IL-17A+ cells were infiltrated into the renal biopsy specimens of patients with active lupus nephritis. Conclusions A unique tTreg subset with dichotomic immunoregulatory and T helper 17 phenotypes is increased in the circulation of SLE patients and may be involved in the pathogenic process of SLE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hironari Hanaoka
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Nishimoto
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yuka Okazaki
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Nippon Medical School Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Takeuchi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masataka Kuwana
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan. .,Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Nippon Medical School Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Long Y, Zhao X, Xia C, Liu X, Fan C, Liu C. Infection of Epstein-Barr Virus is Associated with the Decrease of Helios +FoxP3 +Regulatory T Cells in Active Ulcerative Colitis Patients. Immunol Invest 2020; 50:23-36. [PMID: 32046542 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2020.1723021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: Loss of immune homeostasis to enteric pathogens is considered to be involved in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC), and regulatory T cells (Tregs) are key for this immune homeostasis. Helios exhibits an important effect on regulating the suppressive function of Tregs. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is more commonly detected in UC. However, whether there is an association between EBV infection and Helios+Tregs and its impact on disease activity of UC remain unclear. We aimed to explore the clinical significance of Helios+Tregs and their potential association with EBV infection in UC. Methods: Seventy-six UC patients and 38 controls were consecutively enrolled. Helios+FoxP3+Tregs were analyzed using flow cytometry and compared among groups. Eight active UC patients treated with 5-aminosalicylic acid were followed up. Correlation analyses were conducted between Helios+FoxP3+Tregs and disease activity indicators. In addition, EBV viral loads in the mucosal lesion were quantified in active UC by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and were comprehensively analyzed in subgroups of different disease severity, and their associations with Helios+FoxP3+Tregs were also analyzed. Results: Helios+FoxP3+Tregs were significantly decreased in active UC and were inversely correlated with serum C-reactive protein and Mayo score. Moreover, we observed the recovery of Helios+FoxP3+Tregs in followed-up active UC achieving remission after treatment. EBV loads were higher in active UC, and levels of Helios+FoxP3+Tregs in the EBV-positive subgroup were lower than the EBV-negative subgroup in moderate and severe active patients. Most importantly, we found that Helios+FoxP3+Tregs were significantly negatively correlated with EBV viral loads. Conclusion: Helios+FoxP3+Tregs are likely to play a pivotal role in disease activity of UC and may be influenced by EBV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Long
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital , Beijing, China
| | - Xiaotao Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital , Beijing, China
| | - Changsheng Xia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital , Beijing, China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University People's Hospital , Beijing, China
| | - Chunhong Fan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital , Beijing, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital , Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Sakaguchi S, Mikami N, Wing JB, Tanaka A, Ichiyama K, Ohkura N. Regulatory T Cells and Human Disease. Annu Rev Immunol 2020; 38:541-566. [PMID: 32017635 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-042718-041717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 548] [Impact Index Per Article: 137.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Naturally occurring CD4+ regulatory T cells (Tregs), which specifically express the transcription factor FoxP3 in the nucleus and CD25 and CTLA-4 on the cell surface, are a functionally distinct T cell subpopulation actively engaged in the maintenance of immunological self-tolerance and homeostasis. Recent studies have facilitated our understanding of the cellular and molecular basis of their generation, function, phenotypic and functional stability, and adaptability. It is under investigation in humans how functional or numerical Treg anomalies, whether genetically determined or environmentally induced, contribute to immunological diseases such as autoimmune diseases. Also being addressed is how Tregs can be targeted to control physiological and pathological immune responses, for example, by depleting them to enhance tumor immunity or by expanding them to treat immunological diseases. This review discusses our current understanding of Treg immunobiology in normal and disease states, with a perspective on the realization of Treg-targeting therapies in the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shimon Sakaguchi
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; .,Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Norihisa Mikami
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan;
| | - James B Wing
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan;
| | - Atsushi Tanaka
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan;
| | - Kenji Ichiyama
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan;
| | - Naganari Ohkura
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan;
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Jiang C, Wang H, Xue M, Lin L, Wang J, Cai G, Shen Q. Reprograming of peripheral Foxp3+ regulatory T cell towards Th17-like cell in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Immunol 2019; 209:108267. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2019.108267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
34
|
Ferreira RC, Castro Dopico X, Oliveira JJ, Rainbow DB, Yang JH, Trzupek D, Todd SA, McNeill M, Steri M, Orrù V, Fiorillo E, Crouch DJM, Pekalski ML, Cucca F, Tree TI, Vyse TJ, Wicker LS, Todd JA. Chronic Immune Activation in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and the Autoimmune PTPN22 Trp 620 Risk Allele Drive the Expansion of FOXP3 + Regulatory T Cells and PD-1 Expression. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2606. [PMID: 31781109 PMCID: PMC6857542 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), perturbed immunoregulation underpins a pathogenic imbalance between regulatory and effector CD4+ T-cell activity. However, to date, the characterization of the CD4+ regulatory T cell (Treg) compartment in SLE has yielded conflicting results. Here we show that patients have an increased frequency of CD4+FOXP3+ cells in circulation owing to a specific expansion of thymically-derived FOXP3+HELIOS+ Tregs with a demethylated FOXP3 Treg-specific demethylated region. We found that the Treg expansion was strongly associated with markers of recent immune activation, including PD-1, plasma concentrations of IL-2 and the type I interferon biomarker soluble SIGLEC-1. Since the expression of the negative T-cell signaling molecule PTPN22 is increased and a marker of poor prognosis in SLE, we tested the influence of its missense risk allele Trp620 (rs2476601C>T) on Treg frequency. Trp620 was reproducibly associated with increased frequencies of thymically-derived Tregs in blood, and increased PD-1 expression on both Tregs and effector T cells (Teffs). Our results support the hypothesis that FOXP3+ Tregs are increased in SLE patients as a consequence of a compensatory mechanism in an attempt to regulate pathogenic autoreactive Teff activity. We suggest that restoration of IL-2-mediated homeostatic regulation of FOXP3+ Tregs by IL-2 administration could prevent disease flares rather than treating at the height of a disease flare. Moreover, stimulation of PD-1 with specific agonists, perhaps in combination with low-dose IL-2, could be an effective therapeutic strategy in autoimmune disease and in other immune disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo C Ferreira
- JDRF/Wellcome Diabetes and Inflammation Laboratory, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Xaquin Castro Dopico
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - João J Oliveira
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel B Rainbow
- JDRF/Wellcome Diabetes and Inflammation Laboratory, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jennie H Yang
- Department of Immunobiology, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dominik Trzupek
- JDRF/Wellcome Diabetes and Inflammation Laboratory, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah A Todd
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mhairi McNeill
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Maristella Steri
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Orrù
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Edoardo Fiorillo
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Daniel J M Crouch
- JDRF/Wellcome Diabetes and Inflammation Laboratory, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Marcin L Pekalski
- JDRF/Wellcome Diabetes and Inflammation Laboratory, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco Cucca
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Rome, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Tim I Tree
- Department of Immunobiology, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tim J Vyse
- Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Linda S Wicker
- JDRF/Wellcome Diabetes and Inflammation Laboratory, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - John A Todd
- JDRF/Wellcome Diabetes and Inflammation Laboratory, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Wing JB, Tanaka A, Sakaguchi S. Human FOXP3 + Regulatory T Cell Heterogeneity and Function in Autoimmunity and Cancer. Immunity 2019; 50:302-316. [PMID: 30784578 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2019.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 423] [Impact Index Per Article: 84.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Regulatory T (Treg) cells expressing the transcription factor Foxp3 have a critical role in the maintenance of immune homeostasis and prevention of autoimmunity. Recent advances in single cell analyses have revealed a range of Treg cell activation and differentiation states in different human pathologies. Here we review recent progress in the understanding of human Treg cell heterogeneity and function. We discuss these findings within the context of concepts in Treg cell development and function derived from preclinical models and insight from approaches targeting Treg cells in clinical settings. Distinguishing functional Treg cells from other T cells and understanding the context-dependent function(s) of different Treg subsets will be crucial to the development of strategies toward the selective therapeutic manipulation of Treg cells in autoimmunity and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James B Wing
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Atsushi Tanaka
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shimon Sakaguchi
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan; Department of Experimental Pathology, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Whiteside TL. Human regulatory T cells (Treg) and their response to cancer. EXPERT REVIEW OF PRECISION MEDICINE AND DRUG DEVELOPMENT 2019; 4:215-228. [PMID: 32953989 PMCID: PMC7500484 DOI: 10.1080/23808993.2019.1634471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Regulatory T cells (Treg) and their role in health and disease is being intensively investigated. Today, human Treg emerge as a highly heterogeneous subset of CD4+ T cells which mediate immune suppression but also regulate responses of non-immune cells. In cancer, Treg occupy a critical although not yet entirely understood role. AREAS COVERED Newly acquired insights into Treg indicate a much greater plasticity and functional heterogeneity of this T cell subset than was previously known. Functional redundancy of Treg and their interactions with a variety of immune and non-immune cellular targets emphasize the central role Treg play in cancer. Treg not only regulate the host responses to cancer; they may also regulate responses to immune therapies. The impact of immune checkpoint blockade on Treg survival, stability and suppressive activity remains to be elucidated. T cell reprogramming by tumor-derived factors, including tumor-derived exosomes (TEX), plays a key role in shaping the Treg repertoire in the tumor microenvironment (TME). The reprogrammed or induced iTreg acquire capabilities to strongly down-regulate anti-tumor immune responses by mechanisms that are specific for each TME. Therapeutic silencing of such Treg calls for the discrimination of "bad" from "good" Treg subsets, an approach that remains elusive in the absence of a definitive "Treg signature." EXPERT OPINION Context-related plasticity and heterogeneity of Treg in the TME are significant barriers to selective therapeutic depletion of those Treg subsets that are reprogramed by the tumor to suppress anti-tumor immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theresa L. Whiteside
- Departments of Pathology, Immunology and Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Kato R, Sumitomo S, Tsuchida Y, Tsuchiya H, Nakachi S, Sakurai K, Hanata N, Nagafuchi Y, Kubo K, Tateishi S, Kanda H, Okamura T, Yamamoto K, Fujio K. CD4 +CD25 +LAG3 + T Cells With a Feature of Th17 Cells Associated With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1619. [PMID: 31354747 PMCID: PMC6640175 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that involves multiple immune cell subsets. We analyzed immune cell subsets in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in order to identify the cells that are significantly associated with SLE disease activity and treatment. The frequencies of various subsets of CD4+ T cells, B cells, monocytes and NK cells in PBMC were assessed in 30 healthy controls (HC), 30 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and 26 SLE patients using flow cytometry. The correlations between subset frequencies in SLE and clinical traits including Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) were examined. Changes in subset frequencies after the treatment in SLE patients were investigated. We focused on CD25+LAG3+ T cells and investigated their characteristics, including cytokine secretion, mRNA expression and suppression capacity. We assessed correlations between CD25+LAG3+ T cells and SLEDAI by Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. CD25+LAG3+ T cells were significantly increased in SLE whereas there were few in RA and HC groups. CD25+LAG3+ T cell frequencies were significantly correlated with SLEDAI and were increased in patients with a high SLEDAI score (> 10). CD25+LAG3+ T cells produced both IL-17 and FOXP3, expressed mRNA of both FOXP3 and RORC and lacked suppressive capacity. CD25+LAG3+ T cells were associated with disease activity of SLE. CD25+LAG3+ T cells had features of both CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (CD25+ Treg) and Th17. CD25+LAG3+ T cells could be associated with the inflammatory pathophysiology of SLE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rika Kato
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuji Sumitomo
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yumi Tsuchida
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruka Tsuchiya
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Nakachi
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichi Sakurai
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norio Hanata
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuo Nagafuchi
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kanae Kubo
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoko Tateishi
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Immunotherapy Management, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroko Kanda
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Immunotherapy Management, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Okamura
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Max Planck-The University of Tokyo Center for Integrative Inflammology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Yamamoto
- Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Keishi Fujio
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Mijnheer G, van Wijk F. T-Cell Compartmentalization and Functional Adaptation in Autoimmune Inflammation: Lessons From Pediatric Rheumatic Diseases. Front Immunol 2019; 10:940. [PMID: 31143175 PMCID: PMC6520654 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory diseases are characterized by a disturbed immune balance leading to recurring episodes of inflammation in specific target tissues, such as the joints in juvenile idiopathic arthritis. The tissue becomes infiltrated by multiple types of immune cell, including high numbers of CD4 and CD8 T-cells, which are mostly effector memory cells. Locally, these T-cells display an environment-adapted phenotype, induced by inflammation- and tissue-specific instructions. Some of the infiltrated T-cells may become tissue resident and play a role in relapses of inflammation. Adaptation to the environment may lead to functional (re)programming of cells and altered cellular interactions and responses. For example, specifically at the site of inflammation both CD4 and CD8 T-cells can become resistant to regulatory T-cell-mediated regulation. In addition, CD8 and CD4 T-cells show a unique profile with pro- and anti-inflammatory features coexisting in the same compartment. Also regulatory T-cells are neither homogeneous nor static in nature and show features of functional differentiation, and plasticity in inflammatory environments. Here we will discuss the recent insights in T-cell functional specialization, regulation, and clonal expansion in local (tissue) inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerdien Mijnheer
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Femke van Wijk
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Garić D, Tao S, Ahmed E, Youssef M, Kanagaratham C, Shah J, Mazer B, Radzioch D. Depletion of BAFF cytokine exacerbates infection in Pseudomonas aeruginosa infected mice. J Cyst Fibros 2019; 18:349-356. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2018.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
40
|
Nowatzky J, Stagnar C, Manches O. OMIP-053: Identification, Classification, and Isolation of Major FoxP3 Expressing Human CD4 + Treg Subsets. Cytometry A 2018; 95:264-267. [PMID: 30584695 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Nowatzky
- NYU School of Medicine, Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, New York, New York
| | - Cristy Stagnar
- NYU School of Medicine, Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, New York, New York
| | - Olivier Manches
- INSERM French National Institute of Health and Medical Research, Institute for Advanced Biosciences - Immunobiology and Immunotherapy in Chronic Diseases, Grenoble, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Jacquemin C, Augusto JF, Scherlinger M, Gensous N, Forcade E, Douchet I, Levionnois E, Richez C, Lazaro E, Duffau P, Truchetet ME, Seneschal J, Couzi L, Pellegrin JL, Viallard JF, Schaeverbeke T, Pascual V, Contin-Bordes C, Blanco P. OX40L/OX40 axis impairs follicular and natural Treg function in human SLE. JCI Insight 2018; 3:122167. [PMID: 30568041 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.122167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tregs are impaired in human systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and contribute to effector T cell activation. However, the mechanisms responsible for the Treg deficiency in SLE remain unclear. We hypothesized that the OX40L/OX40 axis is implicated in Treg and regulatory follicular helper T (Tfr) cell dysfunction in human SLE. OX40L/OX40 axis engagement on Tregs and Tfr cells not only specifically impaired their ability to regulate effector T cell proliferation, but also their ability to suppress T follicular helper (Tfh) cell-dependent B cell activation and immunoglobulin secretion. Antigen-presenting cells from patients with active SLE mediated Treg dysfunction in an OX40L-dependent manner, and OX40L-expressing cells colocalized with Foxp3+ cells in active SLE skin lesions. Engagement of the OX40L/OX40 axis resulted in Foxp3 downregulation in Tregs, and expression in SLE Tregs correlated with the proportion of circulating OX40L-expressing myeloid DCs. These data support that OX40L/OX40 signals are implicated in Treg dysfunction in human SLE. Thus, blocking the OX40L/OX40 axis appears to be a promising therapeutic strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clément Jacquemin
- INSERM U1035, Immuno-Dermatology, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Marc Scherlinger
- CNRS-UMR 5164 Immuno ConcEpT, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France.,Centre hospitalier universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Noémie Gensous
- CNRS-UMR 5164 Immuno ConcEpT, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
| | - Edouard Forcade
- CNRS-UMR 5164 Immuno ConcEpT, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
| | - Isabelle Douchet
- CNRS-UMR 5164 Immuno ConcEpT, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Christophe Richez
- CNRS-UMR 5164 Immuno ConcEpT, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France.,Centre hospitalier universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Estibaliz Lazaro
- CNRS-UMR 5164 Immuno ConcEpT, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France.,Centre hospitalier universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Pierre Duffau
- CNRS-UMR 5164 Immuno ConcEpT, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France.,Centre hospitalier universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Marie-Elise Truchetet
- CNRS-UMR 5164 Immuno ConcEpT, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France.,Centre hospitalier universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Julien Seneschal
- INSERM U1035, Immuno-Dermatology, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France.,Centre hospitalier universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Lionel Couzi
- Centre hospitalier universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Cécile Contin-Bordes
- CNRS-UMR 5164 Immuno ConcEpT, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France.,Centre hospitalier universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Patrick Blanco
- CNRS-UMR 5164 Immuno ConcEpT, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France.,Centre hospitalier universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
The Role of Circulating Regulatory T Cell Levels on Subclinical Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Women with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Mediators Inflamm 2018; 2018:3271572. [PMID: 30662367 PMCID: PMC6312616 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3271572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The increase in cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is not fully explained by traditional CVD risk factors. Regulatory T cells (Treg cells) are considered atheroprotective. We investigated the relationship between the absolute number of different phenotypes of Treg cells and abnormal carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in women with SLE. Sixty-six women with SLE with no history of CV disease were included. Carotid IMT was quantified by ultrasound. Abnormal carotid IMT was defined as ≥0.8 mm and two groups were compared according to this definition. Flow cytometry was used to analyze Foxp3 and Helios expression in peripheral blood CD4 T cells. A significantly higher level of absolute CD4+CD25+FoxP3high T cells was present in patients with abnormal carotid IMT compared with those without (1.795 ± 4.182 cells/μl vs. 0.274 ± 0.784 cells/μl; p = 0.003). However, no correlations were found between any Treg cell phenotypes and carotid IMT. Only the absolute number of CD4+CD45RA+FoxP3low T cells was significantly decreased in SLE patients with low HDL cholesterol compared with those with normal HDL cholesterol (0.609 ± 2.362 cells/μl vs. 1.802 ± 4.647 cells/μl; p = 0.009 and 15.358 ± 11.608 cells/μl vs. 28.274 ± 34.139; p = 0.012, respectively). In conclusion, in SLE women, diminished levels of Treg cells based on flow cytometry were not a good indicator of abnormal carotid IMT.
Collapse
|
43
|
The presence of anti-nuclear antibodies alone is associated with changes in B cell activation and T follicular helper cells similar to those in systemic autoimmune rheumatic disease. Arthritis Res Ther 2018; 20:264. [PMID: 30486869 PMCID: PMC6263058 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-018-1752-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diagnosis of systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARD) relies on the presence of hallmark anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA), many of which can be detected years before clinical manifestations. However, ANAs are also seen in healthy individuals, most of whom will not develop SARD. Here, we examined a unique cohort of asymptomatic ANA+ individuals to determine whether they share any of the cellular immunologic features seen in SARD. METHODS Healthy ANA- controls and ANA+ (ANA ≥1:160 by immunofluorescence) participants with no SARD criteria, with at least one criterion (undifferentiated connective tissue disease (UCTD)), or meeting SARD classification criteria were recruited. Peripheral blood cellular immunological changes were assessed by flow cytometry and transcript levels of BAFF, interferon (IFN)-induced and plasma cell-expressed genes were quantified by NanoString. RESULTS A number of the immunologic abnormalities seen in SARD, including changes in peripheral B (switched memory) and T (iNKT, T regulatory, activated memory T follicular helper) subsets and B cell activation, were also seen in asymptomatic ANA+ subjects and those with UCTD. The extent of these immunologic changes correlated with ANA titer or the number of different specific ANAs produced. Principal component analysis of the cellular data indicated that a significant proportion of asymptomatic ANA+ subjects and subjects with UCTD clustered with patients with early SARD, rather than ANA- healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS ANA production is associated with altered T and B cell activation even in asymptomatic individuals. Some of the currently accepted cellular features of SARD may be associated with ANA production rather than the immunologic events that cause symptoms in SARD.
Collapse
|
44
|
Kailashiya V, Singh U, Rana R, Singh NK, Dash D, Kailashiya J. Regulatory T Cells and Their Association with Serum Markers and Symptoms in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Rheumatoid Arthritis. Immunol Invest 2018; 48:64-78. [DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2018.1527852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Kailashiya
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Usha Singh
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Ranjan Rana
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Nand Kumar Singh
- Division of Rheumatology of Department of Medicine, Sir Sunderlal Hospital, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Debabrata Dash
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Jyotsna Kailashiya
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Yi G, Guo S, Liu W, Wang H, Liu R, Tsun A, Jin G, Li B. Identification and functional analysis of heterogeneous FOXP3 + Treg cell subpopulations in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2018; 63:972-981. [PMID: 36658893 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2018.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T (Treg) cells express the transcription factor FOXP3 and play an essential role in preventing autoimmunity. Abundant Treg cell accumulation in tumors and tumor draining lymph nodes (TDLNs) has been reported to correlate with both poor and favorable prognosis in various cancers, which suggests that Tregs may have multiple effects on antitumor immunity. However, the heterogeneity of tumor- and TDLN-infiltrating Treg cells remains unclear. Here we provide heterogeneity analysis of tumor infiltrating human CD4+ Treg cells and their matched adjacent tissues and TDLNs. We defined three different subpopulations of tumor- and TDLN-infiltrating Treg cells by Helios and CCR8 expression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and confirmed their functional heterogeneity. Helios+ CCR8+ Treg cells with potent suppressor function and limited IL-2 and IFN-γ secretion were identified in tumors and TDLNs. On the contrary, Helios- CCR8- Treg cells have impaired suppressive activity, and elevated expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. More advanced grades of PDAC have predominantly Helios+ CCR8+ Treg cells and few Helios- CCR8- Treg cells both in tumors and TDLNs that suggests poor prognosis. These data could help further define the role of Treg cells and their functional role in tumors and TDLNs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Yi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-energy Crops, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Unit of Molecular Immunology, Institute Pasteur of Shanghai, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Medical School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Shiwei Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wenyu Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Rendong Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Andy Tsun
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Unit of Molecular Immunology, Institute Pasteur of Shanghai, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Medical School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Gang Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Bin Li
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
El-Maraghy N, Ghaly MS, Dessouki O, Nasef SI, Metwally L. CD4+CD25-Foxp3+ T cells as a marker of disease activity and organ damage in systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Arch Med Sci 2018; 14:1033-1040. [PMID: 30154885 PMCID: PMC6111364 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2016.63597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION T regulatory cells (Treg) play an important role in the maintenance of immune cell homeostasis, as it has been reported that CD4+CD25+ T cells suppress the auto-reactive responses in autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The clinical significance of the recently identified population of CD4+CD25-Foxp3+ T cells and whether they are associated with particular organ involvement is still not clear. So, the aim of our study was to evaluate the presence of CD4+CD25-Foxp3+ cells in SLE patients in comparison to healthy controls and to determine whether their frequency is associated with disease activity and particular clinical manifestations in these SLE patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS The frequency of CD4+CD25-Foxp3+ T cells was analyzed in 56 female SLE patients and 30 healthy female control subjects, using flow cytometry (FACS). CD4+CD25-Foxp3+ T cells were correlated with clinical and laboratory data and the SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI). RESULTS The level of CD4+CD25-Foxp3+ T cells was significantly increased in SLE patients (15.57 ±4.32%) as compared with the control group (2.46 ±0.65%). A significant correlation was observed for the percentage of CD4+CD25-Foxp3+ T cells with clinical disease activity scores and disease duration (r = 0.6, p < 0.001; r = 0.3, p = 0.02 respectively). It was also positively correlated with renal impairment and hematological involvement. CONCLUSIONS Systemic lupus erythematosus patients exhibited an altered level of their CD4+Foxp3+ T cells with increased levels of CD4+CD25-Foxp3+ cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nermine El-Maraghy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Mona S. Ghaly
- Department of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Omar Dessouki
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Samah Ismail Nasef
- Department of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Lobna Metwally
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Ahmad SF, Nadeem A, Ansari MA, Bakheet SA, Al-Ayadhi LY, Attia SM. Downregulation in Helios transcription factor signaling is associated with immune dysfunction in blood leukocytes of autistic children. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2018; 85:98-104. [PMID: 29698674 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder in which immunological imbalance has been suggested to be a major etiological component. Helios, a transcription factor, has been studied extensively in the context of human T cell regulation in health and disease, yet the role of Helios signaling has not been examined in children with ASD. In the present study, we investigated the production of Helios in CD4+, CD8+, and TIM-3+, CXCR3+ cells in typically developing (TD) controls and children with ASD and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). We assayed the production of IFN-γ+Helios+, IL-21+Helios+, T-bet+Helios+, and Foxp3+Helios+ cells, and determined Helios mRNA and protein expression levels in PBMCs, in TD controls and children with ASD. Our results revealed that children with ASD had lower numbers of CD4+Helios+ CD8+Helios+, TIM-3+Helios+, and CXCR3+Helios+ cells as compared to TD controls. Our results also showed that children with ASD had decreased IFN-γ+Helios+, IL-21+Helios+, T-bet+Helios+, and Helios+Foxp3+ production compared to that in TD controls. Moreover, our results indicated that children with ASD had lower Helios mRNA and protein expression levels compared to those in TD controls. These results suggest that the Helios transcription factor may be critical to immune alterations in children with ASD. Therefore, our results suggest that targeting Helios signaling might offer a strategy for developing ASD therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheikh F Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ahmed Nadeem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mushtaq A Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A Bakheet
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Laila Yousef Al-Ayadhi
- Autism Research and Treatment Center, AL-Amodi Autism Research Chair, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabry M Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Zafari P, Yari K, Mostafaei S, Iranshahi N, Assar S, Fekri A, Taghadosi M. Analysis of Helios gene expression and Foxp3 TSDR methylation in the newly diagnosed Rheumatoid Arthritis patients. Immunol Invest 2018; 47:632-642. [PMID: 29851536 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2018.1480029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The control of auto-reactive cells is defective in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Regulatory T (Treg) cells which play a key role in the modulation of immune responses have an impaired function in RA. Foxp3 is a master regulator of Treg cells which its expression is under the tight control of epigenetic mechanisms. In the current study, we analyzed the epigenetic modulation of the Foxp3 Treg-specific demethylated region (TSDR) and Helios gene expression to determine Treg cells alteration in RA patients. METHODS We have recruited 20 newly diagnosed patients with RA and 41 healthy controls in our study. The measurement of Foxp3 and Helios gene expression was performed by the real-time PCR technique and the methylation level of TSDR was analyzed by bisulfite treatment and quantitative methylation-specific PCR (Q-MSP). RESULTS We found that RA patients had significantly lower level of Foxp3 gene expression and TSDR demethylation compared to healthy subjects (P < 0.001 and P = 0.006, respectively). Inversely, the Helios gene expression was elevated significantly in RA patients group (P = 0.048). We also observed a significant correlation between Foxp3 and Helios gene expression (P = 0.016) as well as a significant correlation between FoxP3 expression and demethylation rate of TSDR (P = 0.010). CONCLUSION Our results suggested that both epigenetic modifications and Helios gene expression may have important roles in the pathogenesis of RA through their effects on Foxp3 gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Zafari
- a Student Research Committee, Medical school , Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences , Kermanshah , Iran.,b Faculty of Medicine , Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences , Kermanshah , Iran
| | - Kheirollah Yari
- c Medical Biology Research Center , Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences , Kermanshah , Iran.,d Zagros Bioidea Laboratory , Razi University Incubator , Kermanshah , Iran
| | - Shayan Mostafaei
- e Rheumatology Research Center , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Nasrin Iranshahi
- a Student Research Committee, Medical school , Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences , Kermanshah , Iran.,b Faculty of Medicine , Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences , Kermanshah , Iran
| | - Shirin Assar
- f Clinical Research Development Center , Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences , Kermanshah , Iran
| | - Adel Fekri
- a Student Research Committee, Medical school , Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences , Kermanshah , Iran.,b Faculty of Medicine , Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences , Kermanshah , Iran
| | - Mahdi Taghadosi
- g Department of Immunology , Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences , Kermanshah , Iran
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Rostamzadeh D, Kazemi T, Amirghofran Z, Shabani M. Update on Fc receptor-like (FCRL) family: new immunoregulatory players in health and diseases. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2018; 22:487-502. [PMID: 29737217 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2018.1472768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Fc receptor-like (FCRL) molecules, as recently identified members of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), are preferentially expressed by B-cells. They have variable number of extracellular immunoglobulin-like domains and cytoplasmic activating ITAMs and/or inhibitory ITIMs. FCRL1-5 are dominantly expressed in different stages of B-cells development. But, FCRL6 is preferentially expressed in different subsets of T-cells and NK cells. FCRL1-5 could regulate different features of B-cell evolution such as development, differentiation, activation, antibody secretion and isotype switching. Areas covered: Improved understanding of FCRL expression may grant B-cells and finally its signaling pathways, alone or in cooperation with other signaling molecules, as interesting new targets for diagnostic, monitoring and immunotherapeutic modalities; although further investigations remain to be defined. Recent investigations on different family members of FCRL proteins have substantiated their differential expression on different tissues, malignancies, immune related disease and infectious diseases. Expert opinion: FCRLs restricted expressions in normal B-cells and T-cell subsets accompanied with their overexpression in B-cell malignancies introduce them as logical candidates for the development of antibody- and cell-based immunotherapy approaches in B-cell malignancies, immune-mediated and infectious diseases. FCRLs would be applied as attractive and specific targets for immunodiagnostic approaches, clinical prognosis as well as disease monitoring of relevant patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Davood Rostamzadeh
- a Drug Applied Research Center , Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran.,b Immunology Research Center , Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran
| | - Tohid Kazemi
- b Immunology Research Center , Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran
| | - Zahra Amirghofran
- c Department of Immunology, Medical School , Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran.,d Autoimmune Disease Research Center and Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center , Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran
| | - Mahdi Shabani
- e Department of Immunology, School of Medicine , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.,f Monoclonal Antibody Research Center , Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR , Tehran , Iran
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Janahi EMA, Das S, Bhattacharya SN, Haque S, Akhter N, Jawed A, Wahid M, Mandal RK, Lohani M, Areeshi MY, Ramachandran VG, Almalki S, Dar SA. Cytomegalovirus aggravates the autoimmune phenomenon in systemic autoimmune diseases. Microb Pathog 2018; 120:132-139. [PMID: 29704668 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human Cytomegalovirus (CMV), because of its ability to extensively manipulate host immunity during active infection, has been suggested to be involved in autoimmunity. However, its influence on T-cells and cytokines in systemic autoimmune diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and systemic sclerosis (SSc) is indistinct. METHODS We investigated the in-vitro response of T lymphocytes from SLE and SSc patients to CMV antigen. Functional activity of T lymphocytes was determined by estimating Th1 (IL-2 and IFN-γ) and Th2 (IL-4 and IL-10) cytokines. RESULTS We observed that CMV antigen stimulation in-vitro resulted in significant increase in CD4:CD8 T-cell ratio in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from SLE and SSc patients; response dominated by CD4+ than CD8+ memory T-cells. SSc T-cell response was differentiated by aberrant increase in CD4+CD25+ T-cells. CMV antigen caused elevation in IL-4 and IFN-γ production in both patient PBMCs, whereas IL-2 was also raised in SLE PBMCs. The development of large pool of memory T-cells and overproduction of IFN-γ may result in flare-up of autoimmunity in these patients. CONCLUSION Our study provides an insight into the immunopathological potential of CMV-reactive immune cells to develop new potential strategies for targeted therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shukla Das
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India.
| | - Sambit Nath Bhattacharya
- Department of Dermatology, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing & Allied Health Sciences, University of Jazan, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naseem Akhter
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arshad Jawed
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing & Allied Health Sciences, University of Jazan, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Wahid
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing & Allied Health Sciences, University of Jazan, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raju Kumar Mandal
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing & Allied Health Sciences, University of Jazan, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohtashim Lohani
- Department of EMS, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Jazan, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Yahya Areeshi
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing & Allied Health Sciences, University of Jazan, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vishnampettai G Ramachandran
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Shaia Almalki
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sajad Ahmad Dar
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India; Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing & Allied Health Sciences, University of Jazan, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|