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Brancher JA, Silva LAMD, Reis CLB, Matsumoto MAN, de Carvalho L, Antunes LS, Antunes LÍAA, Stuani MBS, Torres MF, Paddenberg-Schubert E, Kirschneck C, Küchler EC. Calcification patterns and morphology of Sella turcica are related to anteroposterior skeletal malocclusions: A cross-sectional study. Ann Anat 2024; 254:152233. [PMID: 38430973 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The sphenoid bone is an irregular, unpaired, symmetrical bone located in the middle of the anterior skull and is involved in craniofacial growth and development. Since the morphology of Sella turcica (ST) is associated with different craniofacial patterns, this study aimed to investigate if there is a correlation between ST morphology on the one hand and sagittal craniofacial patterns on the other hand. METHODS This study was conducted with a convenience sample that included Brazilian individuals undergoing orthodontic treatment. Lateral cephalograms were used to evaluate the calcification pattern and morphology of ST, as well as skeletal class by analyzing the ANB angle. Pearson's chi-square test with Bonferroni post-hoc test was performed to evaluate the association between ST calcification pattern and morphology, and anteroposterior skeletal malocclusion. The established significance level was 0.05. RESULTS The study collective was comprised of 305 orthodontic patients (178 (58.4 %) female, 127 (41.6 %) male), who had a mean age of 23.2 (±10.6) years. 131 participants (42.9 %) presented skeletal class I, 142 (46.6%) skeletal Class II, and 32 (10.5%) had a skeletal class III. The degree of prognathism of the mandible showed a homogenous distribution within the study collective (91 (29.9 %) orthognathic, 100 (32.9 %) retrognathic, 113 (37.2 %) prognathic mandible). Concerning the maxilla, 92 (30.2%) individuals presented an orthognathic upper jaw, whereas 60 (19.7%) showed maxillary retrognathism and 153 (50.2%) maxillary prognathism. Compared to patients with skeletal class I, skeletal class III individuals presented significantly more hypertrophic posterior clinoid process (p<0.007) and pyramidal shape of the dorsum of the ST (p<0.038). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the hypertrophic posterior clinoid process and pyramidal shape of the ST dorsum are more prevalent in individuals with skeletal class III malocclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Armando Brancher
- Department of Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Caio Luiz Bitencourt Reis
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mírian Aiko Nakane Matsumoto
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leo de Carvalho
- School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maria Bernadete Sasso Stuani
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Fernanda Torres
- Department of Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Christian Kirschneck
- Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital Bonn, Medical Faculty, Bonn, Germany
| | - Erika Calvano Küchler
- Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital Bonn, Medical Faculty, Bonn, Germany.
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Zhang M, Guo T, Pei F, Feng J, Jing J, Xu J, Yamada T, Ho TV, Du J, Sehgal P, Chai Y. ARID1B maintains mesenchymal stem cell quiescence via inhibition of BCL11B-mediated non-canonical Activin signaling. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4614. [PMID: 38816354 PMCID: PMC11139927 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48285-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
ARID1B haploinsufficiency in humans causes Coffin-Siris syndrome, associated with developmental delay, facial dysmorphism, and intellectual disability. The role of ARID1B has been widely studied in neuronal development, but whether it also regulates stem cells remains unknown. Here, we employ scRNA-seq and scATAC-seq to dissect the regulatory functions and mechanisms of ARID1B within mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) using the mouse incisor model. We reveal that loss of Arid1b in the GLI1+ MSC lineage disturbs MSCs' quiescence and leads to their proliferation due to the ectopic activation of non-canonical Activin signaling via p-ERK. Furthermore, loss of Arid1b upregulates Bcl11b, which encodes a BAF complex subunit that modulates non-canonical Activin signaling by directly regulating the expression of activin A subunit, Inhba. Reduction of Bcl11b or non-canonical Activin signaling restores the MSC population in Arid1b mutant mice. Notably, we have identified that ARID1B suppresses Bcl11b expression via specific binding to its third intron, unveiling the direct inter-regulatory interactions among BAF subunits in MSCs. Our results demonstrate the vital role of ARID1B as an epigenetic modifier in maintaining MSC homeostasis and reveal its intricate mechanistic regulatory network in vivo, providing novel insights into the linkage between chromatin remodeling and stem cell fate determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyi Zhang
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Tingwei Guo
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Fei Pei
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Jifan Feng
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Junjun Jing
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Jian Xu
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Takahiko Yamada
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Thach-Vu Ho
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Jiahui Du
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Prerna Sehgal
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Yang Chai
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
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Chatzi D, Kyriakoudi SA, Dermitzakis I, Manthou ME, Meditskou S, Theotokis P. Clinical and Genetic Correlation in Neurocristopathies: Bridging a Precision Medicine Gap. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2223. [PMID: 38673496 PMCID: PMC11050951 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13082223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurocristopathies (NCPs) encompass a spectrum of disorders arising from issues during the formation and migration of neural crest cells (NCCs). NCCs undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and upon key developmental gene deregulation, fetuses and neonates are prone to exhibit diverse manifestations depending on the affected area. These conditions are generally rare and often have a genetic basis, with many following Mendelian inheritance patterns, thus making them perfect candidates for precision medicine. Examples include cranial NCPs, like Goldenhar syndrome and Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome; cardiac-vagal NCPs, such as DiGeorge syndrome; truncal NCPs, like congenital central hypoventilation syndrome and Waardenburg syndrome; and enteric NCPs, such as Hirschsprung disease. Additionally, NCCs' migratory and differentiating nature makes their derivatives prone to tumors, with various cancer types categorized based on their NCC origin. Representative examples include schwannomas and pheochromocytomas. This review summarizes current knowledge of diseases arising from defects in NCCs' specification and highlights the potential of precision medicine to remedy a clinical phenotype by targeting the genotype, particularly important given that those affected are primarily infants and young children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Paschalis Theotokis
- Department of Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (D.C.); (S.A.K.); (I.D.); (M.E.M.); (S.M.)
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Küchler EC, de Melo Teixeira do Brasil J, Madalena IR, Proff P, Baratto-Filho F, Alam MK, Schroder AGD, Lepri CP, Kirschneck C, de Menezes-Oliveira MAH. Exploring the association between PITX2, third molars agenesis and sella turcica morphology : PITX2, third molars agenesis and sella turcica morphology. Head Face Med 2024; 20:14. [PMID: 38419062 PMCID: PMC10900691 DOI: 10.1186/s13005-024-00414-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES PITX2 is required for mammalian development and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in this gene could be involved in dental agenesis and sella turcica patterns. Thus, the present study evaluated the association between SNPs in PITX2, third molars agenesis and sella turcica phenotypes. MATERIALS AND METHODS The sample consisted of healthy orthodontic German patients with lateral cephalometric radiographs with clearly visualization of the sella turcica, and dental orthopantomograms. The morphological variations of the sella turcica were evaluated using the lateral cephalograms, while third molar agenesis was evaluated using orthopantomograms. DNA isolated from buccal cells was used for genotyping three SNPs in PITX2 (rs3796902, rs1947187, and rs2595110). The analyzes were performed using a significance of 5%. There was no association between third molar agenesis and sella turcica phenotypes (p > 0.05). SNPs in PITX2 were also not associated with third molars agenesis (p > 0.05). RESULTS SNPs in PITX2 were associated with sella turcica phenotypes. The rs3796902 was associated with hypertrophic posterior clinoid process (p = 0.013). The rs1947187 and rs2595110 were associated with sella turcica bridge type A (p = 0.013 and p = 0.011, respectively for genotype distribution). Patients that carry the genotypes GG-CC-AG (rs3796902- rs1947187- rs2595110) had 7.2 higher chance to present sella turcica bridge type A (p = 0.002; Odds ratio = 7.2, Confidence interval 95% 2.04-27.04). CONCLUSIONS Third molar agenesis was not associated with SNPs in PITX2 and sella turcica phenotypes. SNPs in PITX2 may have an important role in sella turcica pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Calvano Küchler
- Department of Orthodontics, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, Welschnonnenstraße 17, 53111, Bonn, Germany.
| | | | - Isabela Ribeiro Madalena
- Department of Biomaterials, University of Uberaba, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil, 38.055-500, Nenê Sabino, 1801
| | - Peter Proff
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee, 11, 93053
| | - Flares Baratto-Filho
- School of Dentistry, Tuiuti University from Parana, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, Padre Ladislau Kula, 395, 82010-210
- Department of Dentistry, University of Joinville Region, Joinville, Santa Catarina, Brazil, Paulo Malschitzki , 89219-710
| | | | | | - César Penazzo Lepri
- Department of Biomaterials, University of Uberaba, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil, 38.055-500, Nenê Sabino, 1801
| | - Christian Kirschneck
- Department of Orthodontics, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, Welschnonnenstraße 17, 53111, Bonn, Germany
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Bryniarska-Kubiak N, Basta-Kaim A, Kubiak A. Mechanobiology of Dental Pulp Cells. Cells 2024; 13:375. [PMID: 38474339 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The dental pulp is the inner part of the tooth responsible for properly functioning during its lifespan. Apart from the very big biological heterogeneity of dental cells, tooth microenvironments differ a lot in the context of mechanical properties-ranging from 5.5 kPa for dental pulp to around 100 GPa for dentin and enamel. This physical heterogeneity and complexity plays a key role in tooth physiology and in turn, is a great target for a variety of therapeutic approaches. First of all, physical mechanisms are crucial for the pain propagation process from the tooth surface to the nerves inside the dental pulp. On the other hand, the modulation of the physical environment affects the functioning of dental pulp cells and thus is important for regenerative medicine. In the present review, we describe the physiological significance of biomechanical processes in the physiology and pathology of dental pulp. Moreover, we couple those phenomena with recent advances in the fields of bioengineering and pharmacology aiming to control the functioning of dental pulp cells, reduce pain, and enhance the differentiation of dental cells into desired lineages. The reviewed literature shows great progress in the topic of bioengineering of dental pulp-although mainly in vitro. Apart from a few positions, it leaves a gap for necessary filling with studies providing the mechanisms of the mechanical control of dental pulp functioning in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Bryniarska-Kubiak
- Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smętna St., 31-343 Kraków, Poland
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 7 Gronostajowa St., 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Basta-Kaim
- Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smętna St., 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Andrzej Kubiak
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 7 Gronostajowa St., 30-387 Kraków, Poland
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Alqarni H, Alfaifi MA, Altoman MS, AlHelal AA, Magdy Ahmed W, Ahmed Azhari A, Kattadiyil MT. A novel digital workflow for fabricating artificial periodontal ligament using three-dimensional printing flexible resin: A dental technique. Saudi Dent J 2024; 36:123-128. [PMID: 38375398 PMCID: PMC10874785 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2023.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The fabrication of periodontal ligament (PDL) models for in vitro dental studies has seen a wide range of techniques and materials being utilized. This paper introduces a novel dental technique that employs a digital workflow for the fabrication of artificial PDL using three-dimensional printing of flexible resin. This innovative approach offers several advantages, including enhanced accuracy and realism in simulating PDL. The digital workflow facilitates a streamlined fabrication process, ensuring efficiency and precision. By presenting this novel technique, this digital approach contributes to the advancement of in vitro dental research, providing researchers with a reliable and realistic model for studying various dental phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatem Alqarni
- Restorative and Prosthetic Dental Science Department, College of Dentistry, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Alfaifi
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, King Khalid University College of Dentistry, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed S Altoman
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, King Khalid University College of Dentistry, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz A AlHelal
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walaa Magdy Ahmed
- Assistant Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr Ahmed Azhari
- Assistant Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mathew T Kattadiyil
- Advanced Specialty Education Program in Prosthodontics, Loma Linda University School of Dentistry, Loma Linda, CA, United States
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Sobouti F, Dadgar S, Goleyjani P, Rakhshan V. Associations across 22 dental and craniovertebral anomalies or variations, sagittal skeletal relationships, and vertical growth patterns: a comprehensive epidemiological study of 43 dentoskeletal traits. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:877. [PMID: 37978489 PMCID: PMC10657115 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03504-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite researchers' recent interest in identifying links between some dental and craniovertebral abnormalities, there are many important, unassessed gaps in our knowledge of this matter. In addition, previous samples were small. This large study aimed to examine, for the first time, the occurrence/severity of numerous dental and skeletal anomalies or variations and their correlations with each other and with growth patterns. METHODS This epidemiological study was conducted on pretreatment radiographs of 1194 patients from 3 cities (815 females). Skeletal sagittal skeletal relationships and vertical growth patterns were determined. The occurrence/severity were assessed for: cervical vertebral fusion (CVF), atlas posterior arch deficiency (APAD), ponticulus posticus (PP), sella turcica bridging (STB), hypodontia, oligodontia, hyperdontia, missing of maxillary laterals, microdontia, macrodontia, root dilaceration, odontoma, taurodontism, dental fusion, dental gemination, enamel pearl, permanent molar ankylosis, primary molar ankylosis, dens in dente, dens invaginatus, dental impaction, ectopic eruption, and dental transposition. Incidental findings were recorded as well. Concurrent anomalies, sex dimorphism, and correlations across variables were examined statistically, adjusting for the false discovery rate (α = 0.05). RESULTS Prevalence was calculated for 43 dentoskeletal traits/anomalies (22 abnormalities/variations [plus their severities/types] as well as 21 incidentally found traits/anomalies). Dental impaction may be more common in hyperdivergent and severer cases of sella bridging; also, primary molar ankylosis was associated with missing teeth. Dental impaction was associated only with STB and not with PP, APAD, or vertebral fusion. The only association observed among the four skeletal anomalies was seen between APAD and CVF. Merely the variables 'sagittal skeletal relationships, vertical growth patterns, PP, and APAD' showed sexual dimorphism; of these, only vertical growth pattern and APAD remained sexually dimorphic after adjusting for the FDR; still, the other two remained marginally significant and worth further evaluations. Sex dimorphism did not exist in concurrent abnormalities. The skeletal Class III was associated with the concurrent occurrence of craniovertebral, dental, and dentoskeletal abnormalities. Skeletal Class I was associated with fewer occurrences of concurrent dental anomalies. Vertical growth patterns were not associated with concurrent dental or dentoskeletal anomalies. However, the hyperdivergent pattern was associated with fewer cases of concurrent craniovertebral abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS STB and hyperdivergent pattern were associated with dental impaction. However, APAD, CVF, or PP were not associated with dental impaction. APAD was associated with CVF. Sexual dimorphism existed conclusively in the case of vertical growth patterns and APAD. Concurrent abnormalities (dental, skeletal, and dentoskeletal) were associated with skeletal Class III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Sobouti
- Dental Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Orthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Sepideh Dadgar
- Dental Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Orthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | | | - Vahid Rakhshan
- Department of Dental Anatomy, Dental Faculty, Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Xing WB, Wu ST, Wang XX, Li FY, Wang RX, He JH, Fu J, He Y. Potential of dental pulp stem cells and their products in promoting peripheral nerve regeneration and their future applications. World J Stem Cells 2023; 15:960-978. [PMID: 37970238 PMCID: PMC10631371 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v15.i10.960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) seriously affects people's quality of life. Stem cell therapy is considered a promising new option for the clinical treatment of PNI. Dental stem cells, particularly dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), are adult pluripotent stem cells derived from the neuroectoderm. DPSCs have significant potential in the field of neural tissue engineering due to their numerous advantages, such as easy isolation, multidifferentiation potential, low immunogenicity, and low transplant rejection rate. DPSCs are extensively used in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, including for the treatment of sciatic nerve injury, facial nerve injury, spinal cord injury, and other neurodegenerative diseases. This article reviews research related to DPSCs and their advantages in treating PNI, aiming to summarize the therapeutic potential of DPSCs for PNI and the underlying mechanisms and providing valuable guidance and a foundation for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Bo Xing
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
- First Clinical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Shu-Ting Wu
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
- First Clinical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xin-Xin Wang
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
- First Clinical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Fen-Yao Li
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
- First Clinical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ruo-Xuan Wang
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
- First Clinical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ji-Hui He
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
- First Clinical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jiao Fu
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
- First Clinical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yan He
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
- First Clinical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
- Department of Stomatology, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China.
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Agani Sabah G, Dinçer B. Association between sella turcica bridging and the impaction severity of palatally displaced canines: A retrospective study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2023; 164:567-574. [PMID: 37656073 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2023.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This retrospective study aimed to investigate the association between the extent of the bridging and dimensions of sella turcica and the impaction severity of palatally displaced canines. Secondarily, any possible association between skeletal age and gender was evaluated. METHODS Panoramic and cephalometric radiographs of 94 patients (63 female, 31 male; 19 pre-peak, 75 post-peak) with palatally displaced canines were evaluated. Sector classification and α angle were used to determine the impaction severity of palatally displaced canines on panoramic radiographs. The distance from the cusp tip of the palatally displaced canines to the occlusal plane (d) and the extent of the bridging and dimensions of the sella turcica were evaluated on cephalometric radiographs. RESULTS Sella turcica bridging and dimensions did not vary regarding the impaction severity of palatally displaced canines, but a significant association was found between sella turcica bridging and skeletal age (P = 0.038). Class II (33.3%) and Class III (12.0%) bridging was higher in postpubertal patients. No differences between females and males were detected for the extent of bridging and dimensions of the sella turcica. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate no association between sella turcica bridging and dimensions and the impaction severity of palatally displaced canines. Sella turcica bridging is more frequent in the postpubertal period, whereas gender does not influence sella turcica bridging. More studies are needed to evaluate if the extent of sella turcica bridging may be indicative of severely impacted palatal canines, which in turn would allow for careful monitoring of patients from an early age and for the clinician to take preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genta Agani Sabah
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Izmir Tinaztepe University, Izmir, Turkey; Department of Oral and Dental Health, Vocational School of Health Services, Izmir Tinaztepe University, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Banu Dinçer
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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Mortezai O, Rahimi H, Tofangchiha M, Radfar S, Ranjbaran M, Pagnoni F, Reda R, Testarelli L. Relationship of the Morphology and Size of Sella Turcica with Dental Anomalies and Skeletal Malocclusions. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:3088. [PMID: 37835831 PMCID: PMC10573052 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13193088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the relationship of the morphology and size of the sella turcica (ST) with dental anomalies and skeletal malocclusions. This cross-sectional study was conducted on records of fixed orthodontic patients treated between 2013 and 2022. Cephalometric analysis was performed to determine the anteroposterior and vertical skeletal patterns. Preoperative panoramic radiographs and lateral cephalograms, intraoral photographs, and primary dental casts of patients were used to detect dental anomalies. Gender, sagittal and vertical skeletal patterns, dental anomalies, and dimensions (length, depth, and diameter), and morphology of the ST were all recorded according to the lateral cephalograms of patients. Data were analyzed using independent t-test, one-way and two-way ANOVA, Chi-square test, and log rank test (alpha = 0.05). The depth and diameter of the ST had no significant correlation with gender (p > 0.05); however, the length of the ST was significantly longer in males than females (p < 0.05). The morphology of the ST had a significant correlation with gender (p < 0.05). The ST morphology had a significant correlation with the anteroposterior skeletal pattern, microdontia, and tooth impaction as well (p < 0.05). The present results revealed a significant correlation of the ST morphology with the anteroposterior skeletal pattern, microdontia, and tooth impaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Mortezai
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin 34199-15315, Iran;
| | - Haniyeh Rahimi
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Caries Prevention Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin 34199-15315, Iran
| | - Maryam Tofangchiha
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Dental Caries Prevention Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin 34199-15315, Iran
| | - Sina Radfar
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51666-53431, Iran;
| | - Mehdi Ranjbaran
- Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin 34199-15315, Iran;
| | - Francesco Pagnoni
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Science, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta 06, 00161 Rome, Italy; (F.P.); (R.R.); (L.T.)
| | - Rodolfo Reda
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Science, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta 06, 00161 Rome, Italy; (F.P.); (R.R.); (L.T.)
| | - Luca Testarelli
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Science, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta 06, 00161 Rome, Italy; (F.P.); (R.R.); (L.T.)
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11
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Uribe-Etxebarria V, Pineda JR, García-Gallastegi P, Agliano A, Unda F, Ibarretxe G. Notch and Wnt Signaling Modulation to Enhance DPSC Stemness and Therapeutic Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087389. [PMID: 37108549 PMCID: PMC10138690 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The Dental Pulp of permanent human teeth is home to stem cells with remarkable multilineage differentiation ability: human Dental Pulp Stem Cells (DPSCs). These cells display a very notorious expression of pluripotency core factors, and the ability to give rise to mature cell lineages belonging to the three embryonic layers. For these reasons, several researchers in the field have long considered human DPSCs as pluripotent-like cells. Notably, some signaling pathways such as Notch and Wnt contribute to maintaining the stemness of these cells through a complex network involving metabolic and epigenetic regulatory mechanisms. The use of recombinant proteins and selective pharmacological modulators of Notch and Wnt pathways, together with serum-free media and appropriate scaffolds that allow the maintenance of the non-differentiated state of hDPSC cultures could be an interesting approach to optimize the potency of these stem cells, without a need for genetic modification. In this review, we describe and integrate findings that shed light on the mechanisms responsible for stemness maintenance of hDPSCs, and how these are regulated by Notch/Wnt activation, drawing some interesting parallelisms with pluripotent stem cells. We summarize previous work on the stem cell field that includes interactions between epigenetics, metabolic regulations, and pluripotency core factor expression in hDPSCs and other stem cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jose Ramon Pineda
- Cell Biology and Histology Department, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience Fundazioa Leioa, Sede Building, 3rd Floor, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Patricia García-Gallastegi
- Physiology Department, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Alice Agliano
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, Cancer Research UK Cancer Imaging Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London SW7 3RP, UK
- Department of Materials and Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Fernando Unda
- Cell Biology and Histology Department, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Gaskon Ibarretxe
- Cell Biology and Histology Department, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain
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12
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Liu P, An Y, Zhu T, Tang S, Huang X, Li S, Fu F, Chen J, Xuan K. Mesenchymal stem cells: Emerging concepts and recent advances in their roles in organismal homeostasis and therapy. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1131218. [PMID: 36968100 PMCID: PMC10034133 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1131218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cells play a crucial role in re-establishing homeostasis in the body, and the search for mechanisms by which they interact with the host to exert their therapeutic effects remains a key question currently being addressed. Considering their significant regenerative/therapeutic potential, research on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has experienced an unprecedented advance in recent years, becoming the focus of extensive works worldwide to develop cell-based approaches for a variety of diseases. Initial evidence for the effectiveness of MSCs therapy comes from the restoration of dynamic microenvironmental homeostasis and endogenous stem cell function in recipient tissues by systemically delivered MSCs. The specific mechanisms by which the effects are exerted remain to be investigated in depth. Importantly, the profound cell-host interplay leaves persistent therapeutic benefits that remain detectable long after the disappearance of transplanted MSCs. In this review, we summarize recent advances on the role of MSCs in multiple disease models, provide insights into the mechanisms by which MSCs interact with endogenous stem cells to exert therapeutic effects, and refine the interconnections between MSCs and cells fused to damaged sites or differentiated into functional cells early in therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peisheng Liu
- The College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yongqian An
- Department of Stomatology, 962 Hospital of People's Liberation Army of China, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ting Zhu
- The College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Siyuan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- School of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoyao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shijie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ji Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Oral Implantology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- *Correspondence: Ji Chen, ; Kun Xuan,
| | - Kun Xuan
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- *Correspondence: Ji Chen, ; Kun Xuan,
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Takahashi Y, Yasuhara R, Tanaka J, Nakano H, Maki K, Mishima K. Transcriptome profiles associated with human periodontal ligament differentiation. J Oral Biosci 2023; 65:40-46. [PMID: 36693474 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2023.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Tissue differentiation is regulated by transcription factors. This study aimed to identify candidate transcription factors that induce periodontal ligament (PDL) cell differentiation in human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). METHODS Human PDL tissues were scraped from the root surfaces of extracted teeth for orthodontic treatment and cultured using the explant culture method. We used RNA-seq to generate gene expression profiles of third-passage PDL cells and compared them with those of undifferentiated human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) and human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived neural crest (NC) cells (publicly available data). RESULTS Primary cultured PDL cells exhibited a spindle-shaped fibroblast-like appearance and the gene expression of several PDL cell-specific markers. The gene expression profiles of PDL cells were relatively similar to those of hESC-derived NC cells but not those of undifferentiated hiPSCs. Thirty-seven transcription factors were identified as upregulated genes in PDL cells. Pathway analysis showed that differentially expressed genes were enriched in several functional groups and pathways, including the SMAD 2/3 nuclear pathway. CONCLUSIONS We identified 37 upregulated transcription genes in primary cultured PDL cells compared with hESC-derived NC cells. Regulating these genes and the SMAD signaling pathway may be promising ways to induce PDL cells from hPSC-derived NC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Takahashi
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan; Division of Pathology, Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Rika Yasuhara
- Division of Pathology, Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Junichi Tanaka
- Division of Pathology, Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Haruhisa Nakano
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Koutaro Maki
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Kenji Mishima
- Division of Pathology, Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan.
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Sramkó B, Földes A, Kádár K, Varga G, Zsembery Á, Pircs K. The Wisdom in Teeth: Neuronal Differentiation of Dental Pulp Cells. Cell Reprogram 2023; 25:32-44. [PMID: 36719998 PMCID: PMC9963504 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2022.0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are found in almost all postnatal organs. Under appropriate environmental cues, multipotency enables MSCs to serve as progenitors for several lineage-specific, differentiated cell types. In vitro expansion and differentiation of MSCs give the opportunity to obtain hardly available somatic cells, such as neurons. The neurogenic potential of MSCs makes them a promising, autologous source to restore damaged tissue and as such, they have received much attention in the field of regenerative medicine. Several stem cell pool candidates have been studied thus far, but only a few of them showed neurogenic differentiation potential. Due to their embryonic ontology, stem cells residing in the stroma of the dental pulp chamber are an exciting source for in vitro neural cell differentiation. In this study, we review the key properties of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), with a particular focus on their neurogenic potential. Moreover, we summarize the various presently available methods used for neural differentiation of human DPSCs also emphasizing the difficulties in reproducibly high production of such cells. We postulate that because DPSCs are stem cells with very close ontology to neurogenic lineages, they may serve as excellent targets for neuronal differentiation in vitro and even for direct reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bendegúz Sramkó
- HCEMM-SU Neurobiology and Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Budapest, Hungary.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Földes
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kristóf Kádár
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Varga
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ákos Zsembery
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Karolina Pircs
- HCEMM-SU Neurobiology and Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Budapest, Hungary.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Laboratory of Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center and Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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15
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Erhardt S, Wang J. Cardiac Neural Crest and Cardiac Regeneration. Cells 2022; 12:cells12010111. [PMID: 36611905 PMCID: PMC9818523 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural crest cells (NCCs) are a vertebrate-specific, multipotent stem cell population that have the ability to migrate and differentiate into various cell populations throughout the embryo during embryogenesis. The heart is a muscular and complex organ whose primary function is to pump blood and nutrients throughout the body. Mammalian hearts, such as those of humans, lose their regenerative ability shortly after birth. However, a few vertebrate species, such as zebrafish, have the ability to self-repair/regenerate after cardiac damage. Recent research has discovered the potential functional ability and contribution of cardiac NCCs to cardiac regeneration through the use of various vertebrate species and pluripotent stem cell-derived NCCs. Here, we review the neural crest's regenerative capacity in various tissues and organs, and in particular, we summarize the characteristics of cardiac NCCs between species and their roles in cardiac regeneration. We further discuss emerging and future work to determine the potential contributions of NCCs for disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Erhardt
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Correspondence:
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Predictive Analysis of Maxillary Canine Impaction through Sella Turcica Bridging, Ponticulus Posticus Calcification, and Lateral Incisor Anomalies: A Retrospective Observational Study. Methods Protoc 2022; 5:mps5060091. [PMID: 36412813 PMCID: PMC9680360 DOI: 10.3390/mps5060091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Maxillary canine impaction is an increasing dental anomaly and is often related to other dento-skeletal anomalies. The aim of this work is to support the clinician in evaluating the relationship between a displaced maxillary canine and clinical (the features of lateral incisors)/skeletal (ponticulus posticus and sella turcica bridging) anomalies through orthopanoramic radiographs, lateral cephalograms, and plaster casts to identify the parameters that best predict maxillary canine impaction. A retrospective observational study was carried out on the analysis of the medical records, radiographic findings (panoramic radiographs and lateral cephalograms), and plaster casts of 203 orthodontic patients divided into a case group, with at least one impacted maxillary canine, and a control group, without an impaction. A chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data. A statistically significant association was found between the impaction of the maxillary canine and the female sex, the bridging of the sella turcica, the ponticulus posticus calcification, and the anomaly of the lateral incisor; a logistic regression revealed that these significant variables were found to be positive predictors of impacted maxillary canines, particularly in reference to the impaction in the palatal area. Finding one of these clinical and radiographic elements can represent a predictive sign of the possible impaction of the maxillary canine.
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17
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Canigur Bavbek N, Akay G, Kar İ, Tuncer C, Güngör K, Baloş Tuncer B. Relationship between palatally impacted canines and dimensions and morphology of sella turcica: A cone-beam computed tomography study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2022; 162:626-635. [PMID: 35953339 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2021.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to analyze the association of unilateral and bilateral palatal canine impaction with the dimensions and morphology of sella turcica from 3-dimensional cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. METHODS CBCT images of patients with bilateral (BPI) (n = 12; 9 female 3 male; 20.75 ± 5.88 years) and unilateral (UPI) (n = 35; 22 female 13 male; 19.28 ± 5.57 years) palatally impacted canines were compared with a control group (n = 56; 34 female 22 male; 20.82 ± 4.88 years). Linear measurements regarding sella turcica were made, and its morphologic variations were categorized. Two group comparisons were made with the Student t test or Mann-Whitney U-test, whereas one-way analysis of variance or Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for multiple group comparisons. Categorical variables were compared using the chi-square or Fisher exact test as appropriate. The binary logistic regression analyses and correlations using Spearman or Pearson correlation analyses were used to determine associations between variables (P <0.05). RESULTS Sella diameter was significantly smaller in the BPI group compared to UPI and control groups. There was a significant association between sella diameter and BPI when compared with the control group (χ2[1] = 9.150; P = 0.008). There were no significant differences between groups in the distribution of sella turcica morphology. CONCLUSIONS Despite the similar genetic origin of the sella turcica region and teeth, the association of palatal canine impaction with dimensions and morphology of sella turcica was weak. Both local and genetic factors might contribute to the ectopic position of the canine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nehir Canigur Bavbek
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Gülsün Akay
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - İrem Kar
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cumhur Tuncer
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kahraman Güngör
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Burcu Baloş Tuncer
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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Nagata M, English JD, Ono N, Ono W. Diverse stem cells for periodontal tissue formation and regeneration. Genesis 2022; 60:e23495. [PMID: 35916433 PMCID: PMC9492631 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.23495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The periodontium is comprised of multiple units of mineralized and nonmineralized tissues including the cementum on the root surface, the alveolar bone, periodontal ligament (PDL), and the gingiva. PDL contains a variety of cell populations including mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (MSCs) termed PDLSCs, which contribute to periodontal regeneration. Recent studies utilizing mouse genetic models shed light on the identities of these mesenchymal progenitors in their native environment, particularly regarding how they contribute to homeostasis and repair of the periodontium. The current concept is that mesenchymal progenitors in the PDL are localized to the perivascular niche. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analyses reveal heterogeneity and cell-type specific markers of cells in the periodontium, as well as their developmental relationship with precursor cells in the dental follicle. The characteristics of PDLSCs and their diversity in vivo are now beginning to be unraveled thanks to insights from mouse genetic models and scRNA-seq analyses, which aid to uncover the fundamental properties of stem cells in the human PDL. The new knowledge will be highly important for developing more effective stem cell-based regenerative therapies to repair periodontal tissues in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuki Nagata
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jeryl D. English
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Noriaki Ono
- Department of Diagnostic & Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Wanida Ono
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, United States
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Kobayashi Y, Nouet J, Baljinnyam E, Siddiqui Z, Fine DH, Fraidenraich D, Kumar VA, Shimizu E. iPSC-derived cranial neural crest-like cells can replicate dental pulp tissue with the aid of angiogenic hydrogel. Bioact Mater 2022; 14:290-301. [PMID: 35310357 PMCID: PMC8897656 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The dental pulp has irreplaceable roles in maintaining healthy teeth and its regeneration is a primary aim of regenerative endodontics. This study aimed to replicate the characteristics of dental pulp tissue by using cranial neural crest (CNC)-like cells (CNCLCs); these cells were generated by modifying several steps of a previously established method for deriving NC-like cells from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). CNC is the anterior region of the neural crest in vertebrate embryos, which contains the primordium of dental pulp cells or odontoblasts. The produced CNCLCs showed approximately 2.5–12,000-fold upregulations of major CNC marker genes. Furthermore, the CNCLCs exhibited remarkable odontoblastic differentiation ability, especially when treated with a combination of the fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) FGF4 and FGF9. The FGFs induced odontoblast marker genes by 1.7–5.0-fold, as compared to bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) treatment. In a mouse subcutaneous implant model, the CNCLCs briefly fated with FGF4 + FGF9 replicated dental pulp tissue characteristics, such as harboring odontoblast-like cells, a dentin-like layer, and vast neovascularization, induced by the angiogenic self-assembling peptide hydrogel (SAPH), SLan. SLan acts as a versatile biocompatible scaffold in the canal space. This study demonstrated a successful collaboration between regenerative medicine and SAPH technology. Cranial neural crest like cells (CNCLCs) were generated by simplifying a previously established method for deriving neural crest-like cells from iPSCs. The produced CNCLCs showed approximately ∼12,000-fold upregulations of major CNC marker genes. The combination of fibroblast growth factors, FGF4 and FGF9, induced the CNCLCs toward odontoblastic differentiation more effectively than BMP4. In a mice subcutaneous implant model, the CNCLCs replicated the characteristics of dental pulp harboring vast neovascularization with the aid of the angiogenic hydrogel, SLan.
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20
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Golshah A, Falah-Kooshki S, Nikkerdar N, Imani M, Faraji R. Correlation of ponticulus posticus with dentofacial skeletal patterns. Contemp Clin Dent 2022; 13:35-39. [PMID: 35466304 PMCID: PMC9030305 DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_621_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Methods: Results: Conclusions:
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21
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Saokar P, Dinesh MR, Shetty A. A correlative study of sella turcica bridging and dental anomalies related to size, shape, structure, number and eruption of teeth. J Orthod Sci 2022; 11:2. [PMID: 35282293 PMCID: PMC8895366 DOI: 10.4103/jos.jos_81_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The main objective of this study is to get a wider and clearer idea about the relationship between sella turcica bridging and the type of dental anomalies related to size, shape, number, structure and eruption of teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For the present study, 50 pretreatment lateral cephalometric radiographs showing complete sella turcica bridging were retrieved from the 500 existing case records of patients. The control group consisted of 50 pretreatment lateral cephalograms without sella turcica bridging retrieved from the same case records by using simple random sampling. After collection of the samples, retrospective study was performed with the analysis of patient records to assess any associated dental anomaly in patients with sella turcica bridging and patients without sella turcica bridging. Shafer's classification of morphological variations in size, shape, structure, number and eruption of teeth was used to analyze and group the dental anomalies. RESULTS: The incidence of dental anomalies related to number and size of teeth was found to be higher in cases with sella turcica bridging. CONCLUSION: Lateral cephalogram is used by orthodontist routinely for diagnosis and treatment planning; it can be used as a prediction tool for dental anomalies as well. Early detection of skeletal anomalies can be used to forecast the presence of dental anomalies later in life, which will help the clinician to adopt preventive measures.
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Age of the donor affects the nature of in vitro cultured human dental pulp stem cells. Saudi Dent J 2021; 33:524-532. [PMID: 34803296 PMCID: PMC8589584 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2020.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) of six donors (three young donors aged < 19 years and three adult donors aged > 25 and < 30 years) were characterized for their stem cell marker expression and differentiation potential to study the effect of donor age on DPSCs in vitro. Methods DPSCs were cultured in αMEM supplemented with 20% fetal calf serum (conventional conditions) or on fibronectin-coated flasks with neurobasal medium supplemented with B27, bFGF and EGF (alternative conditions). DPSCs were characterized by immunofluorescence staining to detect the neural crest/mesenchymal stem cells markers P75 and CD146, respectively. The differentiation potential was tested by the induction of DPSCs into osteogenic, adipogenic and glial lineages and then by detecting the corresponding markers osteocalcin, lipidtox and S100ß, respectively. Results The DPSCs of the young donors expressed CD146 only under the conventional conditions and expressed P75 regardless of the culture conditions. However, the DPSCs of adult donors expressed CD146 only under the alternative conditions and expressed P75 only under conventional conditions. Only the DPSCs of the young donors differentiated into the glial linage. The DPSCs of the adult donors differentiated more efficiently into the adipogenic linage. Osteogenic differentiation was comparable. Conclusion Donor age affects the expression of stem cell markers and differentiation potential of DPSCs. Moreover, the effect of culture conditions on DPSCs is age dependent.
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Hermans F, Hemeryck L, Lambrichts I, Bronckaers A, Vankelecom H. Intertwined Signaling Pathways Governing Tooth Development: A Give-and-Take Between Canonical Wnt and Shh. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:758203. [PMID: 34778267 PMCID: PMC8586510 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.758203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Teeth play essential roles in life. Their development relies on reciprocal interactions between the ectoderm-derived dental epithelium and the underlying neural crest-originated mesenchyme. This odontogenic process serves as a prototype model for the development of ectodermal appendages. In the mouse, developing teeth go through distinct morphological phases that are tightly controlled by epithelial signaling centers. Crucial molecular regulators of odontogenesis include the evolutionarily conserved Wnt, BMP, FGF and sonic hedgehog (Shh) pathways. These signaling modules do not act on their own, but are closely intertwined during tooth development, thereby outlining the path to be taken by specific cell populations including the resident dental stem cells. Recently, pivotal Wnt-Shh interaction and feedback loops have been uncovered during odontogenesis, showing conservation in other developing ectodermal appendages. This review provides an integrated overview of the interplay between canonical Wnt and Shh throughout mouse tooth formation stages, extending from the initiation of dental placode to the fully formed adult tooth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Hermans
- Laboratory of Tissue Plasticity in Health and Disease, Cluster of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Development and Regeneration, Leuven Stem Cell Institute, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Leuven, Belgium.,Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Department of Cardio and Organ Systems, UHasselt-Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Lara Hemeryck
- Laboratory of Tissue Plasticity in Health and Disease, Cluster of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Development and Regeneration, Leuven Stem Cell Institute, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ivo Lambrichts
- Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Department of Cardio and Organ Systems, UHasselt-Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Annelies Bronckaers
- Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Department of Cardio and Organ Systems, UHasselt-Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Hugo Vankelecom
- Laboratory of Tissue Plasticity in Health and Disease, Cluster of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Development and Regeneration, Leuven Stem Cell Institute, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
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24
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Al Madhoun A, Sindhu S, Haddad D, Atari M, Ahmad R, Al-Mulla F. Dental Pulp Stem Cells Derived From Adult Human Third Molar Tooth: A Brief Review. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:717624. [PMID: 34712658 PMCID: PMC8545885 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.717624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The fields of regenerative medicine and stem cell-based tissue engineering have the potential of treating numerous tissue and organ defects. The use of adult stem cells is of particular interest when it comes to dynamic applications in translational medicine. Recently, dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have been traced in third molars of adult humans. DPSCs have been isolated and characterized by several groups. DPSCs have promising characteristics including self-renewal capacity, rapid proliferation, colony formation, multi-lineage differentiation, and pluripotent gene expression profile. Nevertheless, genotypic, and phenotypic heterogeneities have been reported for DPSCs subpopulations which may influence their therapeutic potentials. The underlying causes of DPSCs’ heterogeneity remain poorly understood; however, their heterogeneity emerges as a consequence of an interplay between intrinsic and extrinsic cellular factors. The main objective of the manuscript is to review the current literature related to the human DPSCs derived from the third molar, with a focus on their physiological properties, isolation procedures, culture conditions, self-renewal, proliferation, lineage differentiation capacities and their prospective advances use in pre-clinical and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf Al Madhoun
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait.,Department of Animal and Imaging Core Facilities, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Sardar Sindhu
- Department of Animal and Imaging Core Facilities, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Dania Haddad
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Maher Atari
- Biointelligence Technology Systems S.L., Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rasheed Ahmad
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
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25
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Johanson Z, Manzanares E, Underwood C, Clark B, Fernandez V, Smith M. Ontogenetic development of the holocephalan dentition: Morphological transitions of dentine in the absence of teeth. J Anat 2021; 239:704-719. [PMID: 33895988 PMCID: PMC8349418 DOI: 10.1111/joa.13445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the cartilaginous fishes (Chondrichthyes), the Holocephali are unique in that teeth are absent both in ontogeny and adult regenerative growth. Instead, the holocephalan dentition of ever-growing nonshedding dental plates is composed of dentine, trabecular in arrangement, forming spaces into which a novel hypermineralized dentine (whitlockin) is deposited. These tissue features form a variety of specific morphologies as the defining characters of dental plates in the three families of extant holocephalans. We demonstrate how this morphology changes through ontogenetic development with continuity between morphologies, through successive growth stages of the dentition represented by the dental plate. For example, rod-shaped whitlockin appears early, later transformed into the tritoral pad, including a regular arrangement of vascular canals and whitlockin forming with increasing mineralization (95%-98%). While the tritoral pads develop lingually, stacks of individual ovoids of whitlockin replace the rods in the more labial parts of the plate, again shaped by the forming trabecular dentine. The ability to make dentine into new, distinctive patterns is retained in the evolution of the Holocephali, despite the lack of teeth forming in development of the dentition. We propose that developmentally, odontogenic stem cells, retained through evolution, control the trabecular dentine formation within the dental plate, and transition to form whitlockin, throughout lifetime growth. Our model of cellular activity proposes a tight membrane of odontoblasts, having transformed to whitloblasts, that can control active influx of minerals to the rapidly mineralizing dentine, forming whitlockin. After the reduced whitloblast cells transition back to odontoblasts, they continue to monitor the levels of minerals (calcium, phosphate and magnesium) and at a slower rate of growth in the peritubate 'softer' dentine. This model explains the unique features of transitions within the holocephalan dental plate morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Esther Manzanares
- Institut Cavanilles de Biodiversitat i Biologia EvolutivaUniversitat de ValenciaValenciaSpain
| | - Charlie Underwood
- Department of Earth SciencesNatural History MuseumLondonUK
- Department of Earth and Planetary SciencesBirkbeck, University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Brett Clark
- Core Research LaboratoriesNatural History MuseumLondonUK
| | | | - Moya Smith
- Department of Earth SciencesNatural History MuseumLondonUK
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative BiologyKing's College LondonLondonUK
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26
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Solovieva T, Bronner M. Reprint of: Schwann cell precursors: Where they come from and where they go. Cells Dev 2021; 168:203729. [PMID: 34456178 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdev.2021.203729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Schwann cell precursors (SCPs) are a transient population in the embryo, closely associated with nerves along which they migrate into the periphery of the body. Long considered to be progenitors that only form Schwann cells-the myelinating cells of nerves, current evidence suggests that SCPs have much broader developmental potential. Indeed, different cell marking techniques employed over the past 20 years have identified multiple novel SCP derivatives throughout the body. It is now clear that SCPs represent a multipotent progenitor population, which also display a level of plasticity in response to injury. Moreover, they originate from multiple origins in the embryo and may reflect several distinct subpopulations in terms of molecular identity and fate. Here we review SCP origins, derivatives and plasticity in development, growth and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Solovieva
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, United States of America.
| | - Marianne Bronner
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, United States of America
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27
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Ide Y, Nakahara T, Fukada T, Nasu M. Local Irradiation of Mouse Tooth Germ Gives Insight into the Direct Effects of Irradiation on Root Development. Radiat Res 2021; 196:602-610. [PMID: 34388821 DOI: 10.1667/rade-20-00081.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
To elucidate the mechanism underlying the failure of root formation after irradiation, we established a method of local irradiation of the molar tooth germ and demonstrated that radiation directly affected dental root development. In the current study, to locally irradiate the lower first molars of 5-day-old C57BL/6J mice, we used lead glass containing a hole as a collimator. We confirmed that our local irradiation method targeted only the tooth germ. The irradiated root was immature in terms of apical growth, and dentin formation was irregular along the outside of the root apices. Moreover, calcified tissue apically surrounded Hertwig's epithelial root sheath, which disappeared abnormally early. This method using a local irradiation experimental model will facilitate research into radiation-induced disorders of dental root formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Ide
- Department of Anatomy, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo.,Department of Developmental and Regenerative Dentistry, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo
| | - Taka Nakahara
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Dentistry, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo
| | - Tetsuya Fukada
- Department of Pharmacology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo
| | - Masanori Nasu
- Research Center for Odontology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo
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28
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Solovieva T, Bronner M. Schwann cell precursors: Where they come from and where they go. Cells Dev 2021; 166:203686. [PMID: 33994354 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdev.2021.203686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Schwann cell precursors (SCPs) are a transient population in the embryo, closely associated with nerves along which they migrate into the periphery of the body. Long considered to be progenitors that only form Schwann cells-the myelinating cells of nerves, current evidence suggests that SCPs have much broader developmental potential. Indeed, different cell marking techniques employed over the past 20 years have identified multiple novel SCP derivatives throughout the body. It is now clear that SCPs represent a multipotent progenitor population, which also display a level of plasticity in response to injury. Moreover, they originate from multiple origins in the embryo and may reflect several distinct subpopulations in terms of molecular identity and fate. Here we review SCP origins, derivatives and plasticity in development, growth and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Solovieva
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, United States of America.
| | - Marianne Bronner
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, United States of America
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29
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Jankowski T, Jedliński M, Grocholewicz K, Janiszewska-Olszowska J. Sella Turcica Morphology on Cephalometric Radiographs and Dental Abnormalities-Is There Any Association?-Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18094456. [PMID: 33922272 PMCID: PMC8122834 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background: The sella turcica is a saddle-like structure in the middle cranial fossa on the intracranial surface of the sphenoid bone, visible on lateral cephalograms routinely conducted for orthodontic diagnosis. The development of facial structures follows similar traits to the sella turcica: glandular anomalies may be associated with functional disorders, e.g., altered hormonal levels, thus influencing dental development. The aim of this study is to find out if there is any association between the morphology of the sella turcica on cephalometric radiographs and the presence of dental abnormalities. (2) Methods: The search was conducted on 27 January 2021 in four search engines: Medline (PubMed Central), Scopus, Web of Science, Embase. The keywords used in the search strategy were as follows: “sella turcica” AND (“dental abnormalities” OR “dental anomalies” OR “malocclusion”). Since all the studies finally included were retrospective case–control studies, the Newcastle–Ottawa Quality Assessment Form for Case–Control Studies was applied. (3) Results: The search strategy identified 465 articles: 289 from PubMed, 121 from Scopus, 32 from Web of Science and 23 from Embase. Finally, 10 full-text papers were included into qualitative analysis. (4) Conclusions: Sella turcica bridging is very frequent among orthodontic patients. A clear association exists between dental abnormalities and sella turcica bridging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maciej Jedliński
- Department of Interdisciplinary Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland; (M.J.); (K.G.)
| | - Katarzyna Grocholewicz
- Department of Interdisciplinary Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland; (M.J.); (K.G.)
| | - Joanna Janiszewska-Olszowska
- Department of Interdisciplinary Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland; (M.J.); (K.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-91-466-1690
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30
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Antonarakis GS, Ghislanzoni LH, Fisher DM. Sella Turcica Bridging and Tooth Agenesis in Children With Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2020; 58:1382-1388. [PMID: 33375837 DOI: 10.1177/1055665620984649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate differences in sella turcica size and bridging in children with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) with or without concomitant dental anomalies. PATIENTS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out looking at 56 children with nonsyndromic UCLP. Lateral cephalograms, taken before alveolar bone grafting, were used to assess sella turcica height, width, area, and bridging. Panoramic radiographs were used to evaluate the presence of dental anomalies in the cleft area including agenesis, supernumerary, and peg-shaped lateral incisors. Differences between sella turcica measurements in the presence or absence of dental anomalies were assessed using t tests. Differences between the prevalence of dental anomalies and sella turcica bridging were assessed using χ2 and Fisher exact tests. Multinomial logistic regression was used to investigate potential associations between sella measurements and dental anomalies. RESULTS Twenty-six of the 56 children presented with agenesis of the cleft-side lateral incisor, while 7 had a supernumerary, and 19 had a peg-shaped lateral incisor. With regard to sella turcica bridging, 27 children had no calcification, 25 partial and 4 complete calcification. Children with agenesis of the cleft-side lateral incisor showed a shorter sella maximum height (P = .010) and a smaller area (P = .019). When looking at sella turcica bridging, 100% of children with complete calcification showed agenesis of the cleft-side lateral incisor, compared with 52% and 33% of children with partial calcification and no calcification, respectively (P = .034). CONCLUSIONS Children with UCLP and sella turcica bridging are more likely to present with agenesis of the cleft-side maxillary lateral incisor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory S Antonarakis
- Division of Orthodontics, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Luis Huanca Ghislanzoni
- Division of Orthodontics, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - David M Fisher
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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31
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Dadgar S, Alimohamadi M, Rajabi N, Rakhshan V, Sobouti F. Associations among palatal impaction of canine, sella turcica bridging, and ponticulus posticus (atlas arcuate foramen). Surg Radiol Anat 2020; 43:93-99. [PMID: 32816070 DOI: 10.1007/s00276-020-02548-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The palatal impaction of canine (PIC) can be predicted by some head and neck skeletal anomalies or variants. Since studies on this regard (especially vertebral anomalies) are scarce, this study was conducted. METHODS This case-control study was done on 46 PIC orthodontic patients (34 females, 12 males) and 46 control orthodontic patients (36 females, 10 males). The diagnosis of PIC was done on lateral cephalographs and panoramic radiographs. On cephalographs, sella turcica bridging (occurrence and severity) and ponticulus posticus (occurrence and severity) were assessed. Associations between PIC, sella bridging, and ponticulus posticus were examined statistically (α = 0.05, β ≤ 0.2). RESULTS Cases' and controls' mean ages were 17.7 ± 4.0 and 17.4 ± 3.5, respectively. Of the case subjects, 22, 22, and 2 had respectively types I (normal), II, and III of sella bridging, while these numbers were 34, 12, and 0 in controls (chi-square P = 0.023 for severity, 0.010 for occurrence). Ponticulus posticus was observed in 28 cases (7 completed) and 17 controls (6 completed, P = 0.022 for occurrence, 0.056 for severity). Sella bridging was not associated with ponticulus posticus (Spearman P = 0.150). According to binary logistic regression, sella bridging can increase the odds of palatal canine impaction for OR = 2.8 times, while ponticulus posticus for OR = 2.6. Age and sex did not affect sella bridging or ponticulus posticus. CONCLUSIONS Both sella bridging and ponticulus posticus can predict an increased rate of PIC for more than 2.5 times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Dadgar
- Dental Sciences Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Orthodontic Department, Dental Faculty, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mona Alimohamadi
- Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department, Dental Faculty, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Nikoo Rajabi
- Student Research Committee, Dental Faculty, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Vahid Rakhshan
- Department of Anatomy, Dental School, Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhad Sobouti
- Dental Sciences Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
- Orthodontic Department, Dental Faculty, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
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32
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Association between Anatomical Variations and Maxillary Canine Impaction: A Retrospective Study in Orthodontics. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10165638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate whether or not there is a higher prevalence of skeletal abnormalities in subjects with maxillary canine impaction (MCI). This retrospective study was performed on 67 subjects with maxillary canine impaction (test group) and on 67 patients without dental displacement (control group). Sella turcica bridging (SB), ponticulus posticus (PP), atlas posterior arch deficiency (APAD) and the morphology of sella turcica and pterygopalatine fissure were evaluated on lateral cephalometric radiographs. Statistical analysis was performed using chi-square, Mann–Whitney test and multivariate logistic models; the level of significance was p < 0.05. Results showed that in the test and control groups 87% and 62.7% of patients had SB, respectively. PP was observed in 60% of patients in the test group and in 16.4% of patients in the control group. APAD was observed in 9% of test group and in 4.5% of the control group. Skeletal anomalies were significantly increased (p < 0.05) in subjects with MCI. A significant difference between the groups was observed in regards to the shape of the pterygopalatine fissure, found to be less wide and longer in the test group. SB, PP and APAD were higher in subjects with MCI; furthermore, an elongated pterygopalatine fissure was significantly associated with MCI.
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33
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Cheng Q, Lin J, Chen Q, Zheng L, Tang Y, Wang F, Huang X, Zhang Y, Li S, Yang Z, Zhou P, He TC, Luo W, Zhang H. Role of Special AT-Rich Sequence-Binding Protein 2 in the Osteogenesis of Human Dental Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2020; 29:1059-1072. [PMID: 32484035 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2020.0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are recognized as a critical factor in repair of defective craniofacial bone owing to the multiple differentiation potential, the ability to regenerate distinct tissues, and the advantage that they can be easily obtained by relatively noninvasive procedures. Special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 2 (SATB2) is a nuclear matrix protein, involved in chromatin remodeling and transcriptional regulation, and has been reported to be as a positive regulator of osteoblast differentiation, bone formation, and bone regeneration in MSCs. In this study, we systematically investigated the capability of SATB2 to promote the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED). RNA-seq analysis and quantitative real-time PCR (RT-PCR) revealed that genes regulating osteogenic differentiation were differentially expressed among three cell types and SATB2 was found to be expressed at a relatively high level. When the three cell types overexpressed SATB2 with AdSATB2 infection, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, ALP activity, Alizarin Red S staining, and quantification tended to increase with an increasing infection rate. It showed opposite results after infection with AdsiSATB2. RNA-seq analysis indicated that the expression of downstream osteogenic genes was affected by AdSATB2 infection and quantitative RT-PCR confirmed that nine osteogenic genes (Spp1, Sema7a, Atf4, Ibsp, Col1a1, Sp7, Igfbp3, Dlx3, and Alpl) were upregulated, to various extents, following SATB2 overexpression. In addition, quantitative PCR results indicated that SATB2 affected the expression of MSC markers. These results suggested an important role of SATB2 in the osteogenesis of PDLSCs, DPSCs, and SHED. Further research is warranted to investigate SATB2-mediated regulation of osteogenic differentiation and to evaluate the therapeutic use of SATB2 for the regeneration of defective craniofacial bone tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyu Cheng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Juhong Lin
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiuman Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liwen Zheng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yingying Tang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Feilong Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xia Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhuohui Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Pengfei Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Tong-Chuan He
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Wenping Luo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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34
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Ozturk T, Atilla AO, Yagci A. Cervicovertebral anomalies and/or normal variants in patients with congenitally bilateral absent maxillary lateral incisors. Angle Orthod 2020; 90:383-389. [PMID: 33378430 PMCID: PMC8032309 DOI: 10.2319/061919-418.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether there is a relationship between congenitally bilaterally absent maxillary lateral incisors (BAMLIs) and skeletal anomalies and/or normal variants. MATERIALS AND METHODS The records of 86 patients (62 girls, 24 boys; age 12-17 years) with congenitally BAMLIs and 86 patients (55 girls, 34 boys; age 13-18 years) without any dental or skeletal anomalies were collected and evaluated retrospectively. The study was based on the evaluation of lateral cephalometric and orthopantomographic radiographs. Posterior arch deficiency of the atlas bone (PADA); atlanto-occipital ligament calcification, known as "ponticulus posticus" (PP); and interclinoid ligament calcification, known as "sella turcica bridging" were recorded for each participant. Pearson χ2 and Fisher exact tests were used to evaluate and compare skeletal anomalies and/or normal variants between patients with BAMLIs and the control group. RESULTS The prevalence of cervicovertebral anomalies and/or normal variants seen in the lateral cephalometric radiographs was higher in patients with BAMLI than in the control group. The prevalence of PP was lower and that of PADA was higher in patients with BAMLIs than in the control group (P < .05). CONCLUSION The prevalence of PADA was increased and that of PP formation was decreased in patients with BAMLIs. There was a significant relationship between skeletal anomalies and/or normal variants.
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Madanagopal TT, Franco-Obregón A, Rosa V. Comparative study of xeno-free induction protocols for neural differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells in vitro. Arch Oral Biol 2019; 109:104572. [PMID: 31600663 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.104572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare three different xeno-free protocols for neural differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSC). METHODS DPSC were treated with three different media to induce neural differentiation namely N1 (DMEM for 5 days), N2 (PSC neural induction media for 7 days) and N3 (neural media with B27 supplement, 40 ng/ml bFGF and 20 ng/ml EGF for 21 days). Cell proliferation (MTS assay), morphology, gene (qPCR for NESTIN, VIMENTIN, TUB-3, ENO2, NF-M and NF-H) and protein expression (flow cytometry) of neurogenic markers were assessed at different time points and compared to untreated cells (DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS). Statistical analysis was performed with global significance level of 5%. RESULTS N1 and N2 formulations increased the genetic expression of two out of six genes TUB-3, NF-M and TUB-3, NF-H, respectively, whereas N3 elevated the expression of all genes by the late stage. N3 also stimulated protein expression for NESTIN, TUB-3 and NF-H. Cells treated with both N2 and N3 presented neuron-like morphology, decreased proliferation and expression of stemness genes at protocol end point. CONCLUSION N3 was the most effective formulation in promoting a neurogenic shift in gene and protein expression. Cells provided with the N3 formulation exhibited neuron-like morphology, elaborating axonal-like projections concomitant with cell cycle withdrawal and reduced expression of stemness genes indicating greater commitment to a neurogenic lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thulasi Thiruvallur Madanagopal
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - Alfredo Franco-Obregón
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Institute for Health Innovation & Technology, iHealthtech, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vinicius Rosa
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore; National University Centre For Oral Health Singapore, National University Hospital System, Singapore.
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Kim JE, Hong JK, Yi WJ, Heo MS, Lee SS, Choi SC, Huh KH. Clinico-radiologic features of molar-incisor malformation in a case series of 38 patients: A retrospective observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e17356. [PMID: 31577730 PMCID: PMC6783184 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000017356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Molar-incisor malformation (MIM) is a recently defined dental abnormality of molar root and incisors, and introduced as one of the causes of periapical and periodontal abscess. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical and radiological features of MIM, with special emphasis on various medical history. A total of 38 patients with MIM were included in this study. Radiographic features and clinical data, including medical history, chief complaint, associated complications, treatment, and prognosis, were retrospectively investigated. On radiographs, the affected molars showed short, slender, underdeveloped roots and constricted pulp chambers. All affected incisors and canines exhibited dilacerated short roots, wedge-shaped defect on the cervical part of the crown. Complications included periodontal bone loss (52.6%), endodontic lesion (50.0%), and endodontic-periodontal lesion (28.9%). The medical histories of the patients with MIM indicate that almost all (94.7%) were hospitalized due to problems during the neonatal period. MIM may cause various dental problems, such as periapical and periodontal abscess and early loss of the affected teeth. The early diagnosis of MIM on radiographs and appropriate treatment will contribute to a favorable prognosis, especially for young and adolescent patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo-Eun Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Seoul National University Dental Hospital
| | - Joon-Ki Hong
- School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul
| | - Won-Jin Yi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul
| | - Min-Suk Heo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul
| | - Sam-Sun Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul
| | - Soon-Chul Choi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul
| | - Kyung-Hoe Huh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
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Arcos-Palomino I, Ustrell-Torrent JM. Association between sella turcica bridging and altered direction of dental eruption: A case-control study. J Clin Exp Dent 2019; 11:e913-e920. [PMID: 31636861 PMCID: PMC6797458 DOI: 10.4317/jced.56165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Calcification between the anterior and posterior clinoid processes, also the so-called sella turcica bridging, has been associated in some studies with skeletal anomalies as well as with dental and eruption disturbances. It was hypothesized that sella turcica bridging was associated with an altered direction of dental eruption. The aim of the study was to assess whether there was a relationship between the degree of calcification and the presence or absence of an alteration in the tooth eruption direction. Material and Methods A case-control multicenter study was conducted. The study population consisted of 150 subjects (age 10-50 years), 30 of which presented some type of alteration of the direction canine eruption (impactation or transposition) (cases) and 120 selected at random who did not present altered direction of dental eruption (controls). Cases and controls were matched by age, sex, and approximate date of starting orthodontic treatment. Lateral cephalometric radiographies were obtained and the extent of the sella turcica bridging was measured using a Vernier caliper and scored as no calcification, partially calcified, and completely calcified. Results The frequency of a partially or completely calcified sella turcica bridge was significantly higher among cases with altered direction of dental eruption as compared with controls. There was a trend towards a shorter length of sella turcica in subjects with two or more canine eruption alterations. Sella turcica bridging was unrelated to sex, but it was significantly influenced by age. Conclusions Sella turcica bridging is frequently detected in subjects with altered direction of dental eruption of canines. Key words:Dental eruption, sella turcica bridging, anterior clinoid process calcification, posterior clinoid process calcification, cephalometric radiographs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Arcos-Palomino
- Licenciate in Odontology, University of Barcelona, Orthodontic Clinic Dr. Arcos, Girona, Spain
| | - Josep M Ustrell-Torrent
- Full Professor, Director of the Faculty of Odontology, University of Barcelona, Oral Health and Masticatory System Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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Ugurlu M, Bayrakdar IS, Kahraman F, Oksayan R, Dagsuyu IM. Evaluation of the relationship between impacted canines and three-dimensional sella morphology. Surg Radiol Anat 2019; 42:23-29. [PMID: 31501910 DOI: 10.1007/s00276-019-02328-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to assess the three-dimensional morphometric features of the sella turcica using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in subjects with unilateral and bilateral maxillary impacted canines and normal controls. METHODS In this retrospective study, CBCT images captured with ultra-low dose protocol of 73 subjects (21 males, 52 females; mean age 20.01 ± 6.53 years) with unilateral or bilateral maxillary impacted canines (29 unilateral and 29 bilateral) and 15 controls were evaluated. Nineteen different measurements of the pituitary fossa were made on CBCT images. To evaluate the normality, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used. The nonparametric statistical Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests were applied to analyze the significant differences among and between the groups. Statistical significance was set at 5%. RESULTS No measurement differed significantly among the groups (all p > 0.05) other than the right sella length, which differed between the unilateral and bilateral test groups and the unilateral test group and controls (both p < 0.05). The bilateral test group and control group did not differ significantly, but both exhibited greater right sella length than did the unilateral test group (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Other than the right sella length, there were no among-group differences in the mean pituitary fossa measurements of subjects with impacted unilateral and bilateral canines and normally erupted canines. The right sella length was lower in subjects with impacted unilateral canines than in those with bilateral impacted canines and normal controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Ugurlu
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, 26240, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Sevki Bayrakdar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, 26240, Turkey.
| | - Fatih Kahraman
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, 26240, Turkey
| | - Rıdvan Oksayan
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, 26240, Turkey
| | - Ilhan Metin Dagsuyu
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, 26240, Turkey
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Craniopharyngiomas and odontogenic tumors mimic normal odontogenesis and share genetic mutations, histopathologic features, and molecular pathways activation. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2019; 127:231-236. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Macrin D, Alghadeer A, Zhao YT, Miklas JW, Hussein AM, Detraux D, Robitaille AM, Madan A, Moon RT, Wang Y, Devi A, Mathieu J, Ruohola-Baker H. Metabolism as an early predictor of DPSCs aging. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2195. [PMID: 30778087 PMCID: PMC6379364 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37489-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue resident adult stem cells are known to participate in tissue regeneration and repair that follows cell turnover, or injury. It has been well established that aging impedes the regeneration capabilities at the cellular level, but it is not clear if the different onset of stem cell aging between individuals can be predicted or prevented at an earlier stage. Here we studied the dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), a population of adult stem cells that is known to participate in the repair of an injured tooth, and its properties can be affected by aging. The dental pulp from third molars of a diverse patient group were surgically extracted, generating cells that had a high percentage of mesenchymal stem cell markers CD29, CD44, CD146 and Stro1 and had the ability to differentiate into osteo/odontogenic and adipogenic lineages. Through RNA seq and qPCR analysis we identified homeobox protein, Barx1, as a marker for DPSCs. Furthermore, using high throughput transcriptomic and proteomic analysis we identified markers for DPSC populations with accelerated replicative senescence. In particular, we show that the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) pathway and the cytoskeletal proteins are upregulated in rapid aging DPSCs, indicating a loss of stem cell characteristics and spontaneous initiation of terminal differentiation. Importantly, using metabolic flux analysis, we identified a metabolic signature for the rapid aging DPSCs, prior to manifestation of senescence phenotypes. This metabolic signature therefore can be used to predict the onset of replicative senescence. Hence, the present study identifies Barx1 as a DPSCs marker and dissects the first predictive metabolic signature for DPSCs aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dannie Macrin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.,Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 603203, India
| | - Ammar Alghadeer
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.,Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, School of Dentistry, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.,Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, College of Dentistry, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yan Ting Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.,Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, School of Dentistry, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Jason W Miklas
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Abdiasis M Hussein
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Damien Detraux
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Aaron M Robitaille
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Anup Madan
- Covance Genomics Laboratory, Redmond, WA, 98052, USA
| | - Randall T Moon
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Yuliang Wang
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.,Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Arikketh Devi
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.,Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 603203, India
| | - Julie Mathieu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.,Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Hannele Ruohola-Baker
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA. .,Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA. .,Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, School of Dentistry, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA. .,Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
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Pilbauerová N, Suchánek J. Cryopreservation of Dental Stem Cells. ACTA MEDICA (HRADEC KRÁLOVÉ) 2018; 61:1-7. [PMID: 30012243 DOI: 10.14712/18059694.2018.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, regenerative and reparative medicine has grown in popularity. Dental stem cells are easily accessible source of adult stem cells. They can be harvested by a tooth extraction or spontaneous deciduous tooth exfoliation. They have to be isolated, expanded and stored until time they would be needed for individual stem cell therapy. Cryopreservation is both a short-term and long-term storage of tissues or cells at sub-zero temperatures. There are several methods of cryopreservation requiring different technologies. The objective of this review is to compare them and highlight their advantages and disadvantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nela Pilbauerová
- Department of Dentistry, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, and University Hospital, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Jakub Suchánek
- Department of Dentistry, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, and University Hospital, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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Baidas LF, Al-Kawari HM, Al-Obaidan Z, Al-Marhoon A, Al-Shahrani S. Association of sella turcica bridging with palatal canine impaction in skeletal Class I and Class II. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2018; 10:179-187. [PMID: 30154673 PMCID: PMC6108327 DOI: 10.2147/ccide.s161164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Based on the evidence of the embryonic origin of the sella turcica and the teeth, this retrospective study evaluated the association between sella turcica bridging and palatal canine impaction in skeletal Class I and Class II orthodontic patients. Methods Sixty-two orthodontic patients with palatally impacted canines and 54 controls with erupted canines (aged 12–25 years) were classified into skeletal Class I and Class II (according to ANB angle and Wits analysis). The length, depth, and diameter of the sella turcica were measured, and the shape was described. The difference in linear dimensions between the study and control groups was calculated using two-way analysis of variance and Student’s t-test. The interrelationship of the variables, subject groups, skeletal type, and age, with the linear dimensions of sella turcica, was tested using regression analyses. The association between sella turcica, bridging and palatally impacted canines was determined in skeletal type using a chi-square test. Results Highly significant differences were found in the length, diameter, and depth of the sella turcica between the study sample and the control (P<0.001, P=0.015, P<0.0001, respectively). There was a highly significant frequency of bridging in cases with palatally impacted canines (P<0.0001). An increasing incidence of bridging was found in subjects with palatally impacted canines and skeletal Class I (P<0.0001) and Class II (P=0.044) relationships. Regression analysis showed that the age was significantly related to a change in length (P=0.025), diameter (P<0.0001), and depth (P<0.0001). The normal sella turcica morphology was present in most subjects (56.4%), and no significant association was found in subjects with palatally impacted canines in terms of the shape of the sella turcica. Conclusion Sella turcica bridging is frequently seen in patients with impacted canines. The findings suggest that careful monitoring of canine eruption is required in patients diagnosed with sella turcica bridging at an early age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila Fawzi Baidas
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,
| | - Huda Mohammad Al-Kawari
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,
| | - Zhara Al-Obaidan
- College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Association between sella turcica bridging and palatal canine impaction: Evaluation using lateral cephalograms and CBCT. Int Orthod 2018; 16:338-348. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Dental Pulp Stem Cells - Exploration in a Novel Animal Model: the Tasmanian Devil (Sarcophilus harrisii). Stem Cell Rev Rep 2018; 14:500-509. [PMID: 29737458 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-018-9814-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) are a heterogeneous population of highly proliferative stem cells located in the soft inner pulp tissue of the tooth. Demonstrated to have an affinity for neural differentiation, DPSC have been reported to generate functional Schwann cells (SC) through in vitro differentiation. Both DPSC and SC have neural crest origins, recently a significant population of DPSC have been reported to derive from peripheral nerve-associated glia. The predisposition DPSC have towards the SC lineage is not only a very useful tool for neural regenerative therapies in the medical field, it also holds great promise in the veterinary field. Devil Facial Tumour (DFT) is a clonally transmissible cancer of SC origin responsible for devastating wild populations of the Tasmanian devil. Very few studies have investigated the healthy Tasmanian devil SC (tdSC) for comparative studies between tdSC and DFT cells, and the development and isolation of a tdSC population is yet to be undertaken. A Tasmanian devil DPSC model offers a promising new outlook for DFT research, and the link between SC and DPSC may provide a potential explanation as to how a cancerous SC initially arose in a single Tasmanian devil to then go on to infect others as a parasitic clonal cell line. In this review we explore the current role of DPSC in human regenerative medicine, provide an overview of the Tasmanian devil and the devastating effect of DFT, and highlight the promising potential DPSC techniques pose for DFT research and our current understanding of DFT.
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Wak TE, Akl R, Mati M, Khoury E, Ghoubril J. Association entre pontage de la selle turcique et inclusion palatine des canines : évaluation sur téléradiographie de profil et CBCT. Int Orthod 2018; 16:338-348. [PMID: 29628429 DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2018.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Terry El Wak
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Saint-Joseph University, 650 Damascus Road, Beirut, Liban
| | - Roula Akl
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Saint-Joseph University, 650 Damascus Road, Beirut, Liban
| | - Myriam Mati
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Saint-Joseph University, 650 Damascus Road, Beirut, Liban
| | - Elie Khoury
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Saint-Joseph University, 650 Damascus Road, Beirut, Liban
| | - Joseph Ghoubril
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Saint-Joseph University, 650 Damascus Road, Beirut, Liban.
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Differentiation of stem cells from human deciduous and permanent teeth into spiral ganglion neuron-like cells. Arch Oral Biol 2018; 88:34-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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A CBCT Investigation of the Association between Sella-Turcica Bridging and Maxillary Palatal Canine Impaction. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:4329050. [PMID: 29682544 PMCID: PMC5842722 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4329050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the association between unilateral/bilateral maxillary canine impaction and sella-turcica bridging using CBCT imaging. Methods This retrospective comparative study analyzed 76 CBCT images of the craniofacial complex including sella-turcica. The impacted cuspid group consisted of thirty-eight subjects (7 males, 31 females; mean age, 14.6 ± 3.2 years) diagnosed with unilateral (left n = 14, right n = 11) or bilateral (n = 13) palatal canine impaction. The control group included thirty-eight subjects matched by sex (7 males, 31 females; mean age, 19.5 ± 3.6 years) with no impaction. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association between unilateral/bilateral canine impaction and right and left sella-turcica bridging. Results The prevalence of sella-turcica bridging was 59.3% and 50% in the impacted canine and control groups, respectively. Although the odds for unilateral canine impaction were increased in the right and left sella-turcica bridging groups compared to the controls, the difference was not statistically significant. The risk of bilateral impaction was different between the two sides of sella-turcica bridging, but, again, the findings were not statistically significant. Conclusion Contrary to previous 2D studies, there is no statistically significant association between unilateral/bilateral palatal canine impaction and sella-turcica bridging when using 3D CBCT.
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Yusof MFH, Zahari W, Hashim SNM, Osman ZF, Chandra H, Kannan TP, Noordin KBAA, Azlina A. Angiogenic and osteogenic potentials of dental stem cells in bone tissue engineering. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2018; 8:48-53. [PMID: 29556464 PMCID: PMC5854554 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Manipulation of dental stem cells (DSCs) using current technologies in tissue engineering unveil promising prospect in regenerative medicine. DSCs have shown to possess angiogenic and osteogenic potential in both in vivo and in vitro. Neural crest derived DSCs can successfully be isolated from various dental tissues, exploiting their intrinsic great differentiation potential. In this article, researcher team intent to review the characteristics of DSCs, with focus on their angiogenic and osteogenic differentiation lineage. Clinical data on DSCs are still lacking to prove their restorative abilities despite extensive contemporary literature, warranting research to further validate their application for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Fuad Hilmi Yusof
- Basic Sciences and Oral Biology Unit, School of Dental Sciences, USM Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Wafa’ Zahari
- Basic Sciences and Oral Biology Unit, School of Dental Sciences, USM Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Siti Nurnasihah Md Hashim
- Basic Sciences and Oral Biology Unit, School of Dental Sciences, USM Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Zul Faizuddin Osman
- Basic Sciences and Oral Biology Unit, School of Dental Sciences, USM Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Hamshawagini Chandra
- Basic Sciences and Oral Biology Unit, School of Dental Sciences, USM Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Thirumulu Ponnuraj Kannan
- Basic Sciences and Oral Biology Unit, School of Dental Sciences, USM Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Human Genome Center, School of Medical Sciences, USM Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | | | - Ahmad Azlina
- Basic Sciences and Oral Biology Unit, School of Dental Sciences, USM Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Human Genome Center, School of Medical Sciences, USM Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Scribante A, Sfondrini MF, Cassani M, Fraticelli D, Beccari S, Gandini P. Sella turcica bridging and dental anomalies: is there an association? Int J Paediatr Dent 2017; 27:568-573. [PMID: 28387468 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sella turcica bridging (STB), or calcification of the interclinoid ligament of sella turcica, has been reported to be associated with some dental anomalies (palatal canine impaction and transposition). HYPOTHESIS OR AIM The aim of the study was to find any association between canine impaction, hyperdontia or hypodontia and sellar dimensions or bridging. DESIGN Lateral cephalometric radiographs from 78 patients with impacted canines, 68 with dental agenesis and 17 with hyperdontia were collected. Linear dimensions of sella turcica were calculated and compared to those of a control group (47 individuals). A standardize scoring scale was used to quantify the extent of STB from each radiographs. RESULTS The frequency of partial and complete calcifications of sella in patients with dental anomalies is increased when compared to controls. STB can influence the interclinoid distance but does not affect other linear dimensions of sella. No statistically significant difference has been found in sellar dimensions and STB expression when evaluating radiographs at different ages. CONCLUSIONS STB is frequently found in patients with dental abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Scribante
- Unit of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Francesca Sfondrini
- Unit of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Cassani
- Unit of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Danilo Fraticelli
- Unit of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Sergio Beccari
- Unit of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paola Gandini
- Unit of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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50
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The neurotrophic effects of different human dental mesenchymal stem cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12605. [PMID: 28974767 PMCID: PMC5626751 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12969-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The current gold standard treatment for peripheral nerve injury is nerve grafting but this has disadvantages such as donor site morbidity. New techniques focus on replacing these grafts with nerve conduits enhanced with growth factors and/or various cell types such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Dental-MSCs (D-MSCs) including stem cells obtained from apical papilla (SCAP), dental pulp stem cells (DPSC), and periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSC) are potential sources of MSCs for nerve repair. Here we present the characterization of various D-MSCs from the same human donors for peripheral nerve regeneration. SCAP, DPSC and PDLSC expressed BDNF, GDNF, NGF, NTF3, ANGPT1 and VEGFA growth factor transcripts. Conditioned media from D-MSCs enhanced neurite outgrowth in an in vitro assay. Application of neutralizing antibodies showed that brain derived neurotrophic factor plays an important mechanistic role by which the D-MSCs stimulate neurite outgrowth. SCAP, DPSC and PDLSC were used to treat a 10 mm nerve gap defect in a rat sciatic nerve injury model. All the stem cell types significantly enhanced axon regeneration after two weeks and showed neuroprotective effects on the dorsal root ganglia neurons. Overall the results suggested SCAP to be the optimal dental stem cell type for peripheral nerve repair.
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