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Wydorski PJ, Zmijewska A, Franczak A. The Extremely-Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Field Affects Apoptosis and Oxidative-Stress-Related Genes and Proteins in the Porcine Endometrium-An In Vitro Study. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6931. [PMID: 39000040 PMCID: PMC11241303 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, the extremely-low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) is recognized as environmental pollution. The data indicate that the ELF-EMF may affect factors related to epigenetic regulation and alter important biological processes in the uterus. The impact of the ELF-EMF on apoptosis and oxidative-stress-related genes has not been documented in porcine endometrium. This raises the question of whether the exposure to the ELF-EMF can induce apoptosis and/or oxidative stress in the endometrium of pigs during the peri-implantation period. Porcine endometrial slices (100 ± 5 mg) collected (n = 5) during the peri-implantation period were treated in vitro with ELF-EMF at a frequency of 50 Hz and flux density of 8 × 104 mG for 2 h. To determine the effect of ELF-EMF on apoptosis and oxidative stress in the endometrium, CASP3, CASP7, CIDEB, GADD45G, NOS1, NOS2, NOS3, and TP53I3 mRNA transcript were analyzed using real-time PCR, and protein abundance of CASP3, CASP7 using Western blot, and eNOS using ELISA were determined. Moreover, CASP3/7 and NOS activity was analyzed using flow cytometry and colorimetry, respectively. The decreased CASP7 and increased NOS3 mRNA transcript and protein abundance in ELF-EMF-treated endometrium were observed. Moreover, CIDEB, GADD45G, and TP53I3 mRNA transcript abundance was increased. Only p ≤ 0.05 was considered a statistically significant difference. The documented alterations indicate the potential of the ELF-EMF to affect apoptosis and generate oxidative stress in the endometrium. The insight into observed consequences documents for the first time the fact that the ELF-EMF may influence endometrial cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and/or tissue receptivity during peri-implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anita Franczak
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (P.J.W.); (A.Z.)
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2
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Hu M, Li H, Zhu K, Guo L, Zhao M, Zhan H, Devreotes PN, Qing Q. Electric field modulation of ERK dynamics shows dependency on waveform and timing. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3167. [PMID: 38326365 PMCID: PMC10850077 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53018-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Different exogenous electric fields (EF) can guide cell migration, disrupt proliferation, and program cell development. Studies have shown that many of these processes were initiated at the cell membrane, but the mechanism has been unclear, especially for conventionally non-excitable cells. In this study, we focus on the electrostatic aspects of EF coupling with the cell membrane by eliminating Faradaic processes using dielectric-coated microelectrodes. Our data unveil a distinctive biphasic response of the ERK signaling pathway of epithelial cells (MCF10A) to alternate current (AC) EF. The ERK signal exhibits both inhibition and activation phases, with the former triggered by a lower threshold of AC EF, featuring a swifter peaking time and briefer refractory periods than the later-occurring activation phase, induced at a higher threshold. Interestingly, the biphasic ERK responses are sensitive to the waveform and timing of EF stimulation pulses, depicting the characteristics of electrostatic and dissipative interactions. Blocker tests and correlated changes of active Ras on the cell membrane with ERK signals indicated that both EGFR and Ras were involved in the rich ERK dynamics induced by EF. We propose that the frequency-dependent dielectric relaxation process could be an important mechanism to couple EF energy to the cell membrane region and modulate membrane protein-initiated signaling pathways, which can be further explored to precisely control cell behavior and fate with high temporal and spatial resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minxi Hu
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA
| | - Houpu Li
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA
| | - Kan Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Liang Guo
- College of Intelligent Systems Science and Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Huiwang Zhan
- Department of Cell Biology and Center for Cell Dynamics, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Peter N Devreotes
- Department of Cell Biology and Center for Cell Dynamics, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Quan Qing
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA.
- Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA.
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3
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Linnemann C, Sahin F, Chen Y, Falldorf K, Ronniger M, Histing T, Nussler AK, Ehnert S. NET Formation Was Reduced via Exposure to Extremely Low-Frequency Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14629. [PMID: 37834077 PMCID: PMC10572227 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fracture-healing is a highly complex and timely orchestrated process. Non-healing fractures are still a major clinical problem and treatment remains difficult. A 16 Hz extremely low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic field (ELF-PEMF) was identified as non-invasive adjunct therapy supporting bone-healing by inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Ca2+-influx. However, ROS and Ca2+-influx may stimulate neutrophils, the first cells arriving at the wounded site, to excessively form neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which negatively affects the healing process. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of this 16 Hz ELF-PEMF on NET formation. Neutrophils were isolated from healthy volunteers and exposed to different NET-stimuli and the 16 Hz ELF-PEMF. NETs were quantified using Sytox Green Assay and immunofluorescence, Ca2+-influx and ROS with fluorescence probes. In contrast to mesenchymal cells, ELF-PEMF exposure did not induce ROS and Ca2+-influx in neutrophils. ELF-PEMF exposure did not result in basal or enhanced PMA-induced NET formation but did reduce the amount of DNA released. Similarly, NET formation induced by LPS and H2O2 was reduced through exposure to ELF-PEMF. As ELF-PEMF exposure did not induce NET release or negatively affect neutrophils, the ELF-PEMF exposure can be started immediately after fracture treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caren Linnemann
- Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, BG Unfallklinik Tübingen, Eberhard Karls Universität Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstraße 95, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Filiz Sahin
- Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, BG Unfallklinik Tübingen, Eberhard Karls Universität Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstraße 95, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Yangmengfan Chen
- Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, BG Unfallklinik Tübingen, Eberhard Karls Universität Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstraße 95, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Karsten Falldorf
- Sachtleben GmbH, Haus Spectrum am UKE, Martinistraße 64, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Ronniger
- Sachtleben GmbH, Haus Spectrum am UKE, Martinistraße 64, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tina Histing
- Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, BG Unfallklinik Tübingen, Eberhard Karls Universität Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstraße 95, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Andreas K Nussler
- Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, BG Unfallklinik Tübingen, Eberhard Karls Universität Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstraße 95, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Sabrina Ehnert
- Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, BG Unfallklinik Tübingen, Eberhard Karls Universität Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstraße 95, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
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4
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Moya-Gómez A, Font LP, Burlacu A, Alpizar YA, Cardonne MM, Brône B, Bronckaers A. Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Stimulation (ELF-EMS) Improves Neurological Outcome and Reduces Microglial Reactivity in a Rodent Model of Global Transient Stroke. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11117. [PMID: 37446295 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic stimulation (ELF-EMS) was demonstrated to be significantly beneficial in rodent models of permanent stroke. The mechanism involved enhanced cerebrovascular perfusion and endothelial cell nitric oxide production. However, the possible effect on the neuroinflammatory response and its efficacy in reperfusion stroke models remains unclear. To evaluate ELF-EMS effectiveness and possible immunomodulatory response, we studied neurological outcome, behavior, neuronal survival, and glial reactivity in a rodent model of global transient stroke treated with 13.5 mT/60 Hz. Next, we studied microglial cells migration and, in organotypic hippocampal brain slices, we assessed neuronal survival and microglia reactivity. ELF-EMS improved the neurological score and behavior in the ischemia-reperfusion model. It also improved neuronal survival and decreased glia reactivity in the hippocampus, with microglia showing the first signs of treatment effect. In vitro ELF-EMS decreased (Lipopolysaccharide) LPS and ATP-induced microglia migration in both scratch and transwell assay. Additionally, in hippocampal brain slices, reduced microglial reactivity, improved neuronal survival, and modulation of inflammation-related markers was observed. Our study is the first to show that an EMF treatment has a direct impact on microglial migration. Furthermore, ELF-EMS has beneficial effects in an ischemia/reperfusion model, which indicates that this treatment has clinical potential as a new treatment against ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Moya-Gómez
- BIOMED, UHasselt, Agoralaan, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Facultad de Ingeniería Informática, Telecomunicaciones y Biomédica, Universidad de Oriente, Santiago de Cuba 90 400, Cuba
| | - Lena Pérez Font
- Centro Nacional de Electromagnetismo Aplicado, Universidad de Oriente, Santiago de Cuba 90 400, Cuba
| | | | | | - Miriam Marañón Cardonne
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Facultad de Ingeniería Informática, Telecomunicaciones y Biomédica, Universidad de Oriente, Santiago de Cuba 90 400, Cuba
| | - Bert Brône
- BIOMED, UHasselt, Agoralaan, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Annelies Bronckaers
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Facultad de Ingeniería Informática, Telecomunicaciones y Biomédica, Universidad de Oriente, Santiago de Cuba 90 400, Cuba
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A novel implant surface modification mode of Fe3O4-containing TiO2 nanorods with sinusoidal electromagnetic field for osteoblastogenesis and angiogenesis. Mater Today Bio 2023; 19:100590. [PMID: 36910272 PMCID: PMC9996442 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Implants made of Ti and its alloys are widely utilized in orthopaedic surgeries. However, insufficient osseointegration of the implants often causes complications such as aseptic loosening. Our previous research discovered that disordered titanium dioxide nanorods (TNrs) had satisfactory antibacterial properties and biocompatibility, but TNrs harmed angiogenic differentiation, which might retarded the osseointegration process of the implants. Magnetic nanomaterials have a certain potential in promoting osseointegration, electromagnetic fields within a specific frequency and intensity range can facilitate angiogenic and osteogenic differentiation. Therefore, this study used Fe3O4 to endow magnetism to TNrs and explored the regulation effects of Ti, TNrs, and Fe3O4-TNrs under 1 mT 15 Hz sinusoidal electromagnetic field (SEMF) on osteoblastogenesis, osseointegration, angiogenesis, and its mechanism. We discovered that after the addition of SEMF treatment to VR-EPCs cultured on Fe3O4-TNrs, the calcineurin/NFAT signaling pathway was activated, which then reversed the inhibitory effect of Fe3O4-TNrs on angiogenesis. Besides, Fe3O4-TNrs with SEMF enhanced osteogenic differentiation and osseointegration. Therefore, the implant modification mode of Fe3O4-TNrs with the addition of SEMF could more comprehensively promote osseointegration and provided a new idea for the modification of implants.
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Gerdesmeyer L, Zielhardt P, Klüter T, Gollwitzer H, Gerdesmeyer L, Hausdorf J, Ringeisen M, Knobloch K, Saxena A, Krath A. Stimulation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by electromagnetic transduction therapy - EMTT. Electromagn Biol Med 2022; 41:304-314. [DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2022.2079672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ludger Gerdesmeyer
- Department of Sports Medicine, Palo Alto Medical Center, Palo Alto, USA
- Department of Orthopedic and Traumatology, Technical University Munich, Munich Germany
- Städtisches Krankenhaus Kiel, Kiel
| | - Paula Zielhardt
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, University Schleswig Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Tim Klüter
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, University Schleswig Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Hans Gollwitzer
- Department of Orthopedic and Traumatology, Technical University Munich, Munich Germany
| | - Lennart Gerdesmeyer
- Department of Orthopedic and Traumatology, Technical University Munich, Munich Germany
| | - Joerg Hausdorf
- Orthopedic Department, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Hospital of Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Ringeisen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Orthopaedic Medical Center Dr. Ringeisen, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Karsten Knobloch
- Orthopedic Department, SportPraxis Prof. Dr. med. Karsten Knobloch, Hannover
| | - Amol Saxena
- Department of Sports Medicine, Palo Alto Medical Center, Palo Alto, USA
| | - André Krath
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, University Schleswig Holstein, Kiel, Germany
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7
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Lee JW, Kim JY, Lee NR, Lee YH. Effect of pulsed electromagnetic fields stimulation on ischemic skin model. Electromagn Biol Med 2022; 41:15-24. [PMID: 34380341 DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2021.1963763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields (PEMF) in improving blood flow reduction and tissue necrosis of ischemic animal induced by skin flap. In each experiment, twenty rats (280-320 g) were randomly divided into control group (n = 10) and PEMF (n = 10) group. All of the rats were performed skin flap in back. In the PEMF group, PEMF (1 Hz, 10 mT) was performed in each experiment. In Experiment-1 (n = 20), PEMF was performed for 90 minutes. In Experiment-2 (n = 20), additionally, a blocking film was inserted, and suture was performed to induce necrosis. PEMF was performed for 30 minutes each day for 7 days. As a result of Speckle-Flow Index (SFI) analysis, in the control group, blood flow continued to decrease immediately after the procedure. In the PEMF group, blood flow was remained constant after 30 minutes and increased after 60 minutes. The blood flow in a specific region substantially increased from the initial state. As a result of skin necrosis analysis, the progression rate in the PEMF group was slower than that of the control group. The rate of necrosis in the PEMF group decreased dramatically from the 6th day, and there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups at the 7th day (p < .05). In this study, it was confirmed that PEMF (1 Hz, 10 mT) has a blood flow improvement and skin tissue necrosis alleviation in the ischemic flap animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ja-Woo Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Ra Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Heum Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
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8
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Wang Q, Zhou J, Wang X, Xu Y, Liang Z, Gu X, He C. Coupling induction of osteogenesis and type H vessels by pulsed electromagnetic fields in ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis in mice. Bone 2022; 154:116211. [PMID: 34560308 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.116211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The growth of blood vessels and osteogenesis are coupled in bone tissue. A specialized subset of CD31hiEndomucinhi (CD31hiEmcnhi) vascular endothelium in bone has been identified to positively regulate bone formation. Pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) can promote the facture healing and reverse the loss of bone mass. However, the underlying mechanisms mediating in the positive effects of PEMF on bone mass accrual remain unclear. In the ovariectomized (OVX) osteoporotic mouse model, PEMF with specific parameters was administrated after 12 weeks of surgery and continued for 8 weeks. μCT analysis, quantitative PCR and Elisa assays were used to assess the PEMF-induced the osteogenesis, while immunostaining and flow cytometry were used to evaluate the abundance of CD31hiEmcnhi endothelium in the metaphysis near the growth plate. Administration of PEMF substantially countered OVX-induced bone loss as shown by greater trabecular bone, higher expression of Osterix, PDGFB and Col-1a1 transcripts, and modulation of bone anabolic and catabolic activity. The PEMF-induced osteogenesis was coupled by the expansion of CD31hiEmcnhi endothelium as demonstrated by CD31 and Endomucin double-positive immunostaining and flow cytometry. Concurrently, the higher level of HIF-α was found in PEMF-treated mice than in vehicle controls. Notably, inhibition of HIF-1α considerably reduced PEMF-induced osteogenesis, and led to a remarkable decrease of CD31hiEmcnhi vessels in the PEMF-treated OVX mice. The present study demonstrated the PEMF-induced coupling promotion of osteogenesis and CD31hiEmcnhi endothelial cells in a mouse model of postmenopausal osteoporosis. This coupling effect might be mediated in HIF-1α signaling in CD31hiEmcnhi endothelium. These findings open up new directions of al that might enable therapeutic improvement of osteogenesis in patients with osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Center of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Rehabilitation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Xiangxiu Wang
- Center of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Rehabilitation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Center of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Rehabilitation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhejun Liang
- Center of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Rehabilitation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xintong Gu
- Center of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Rehabilitation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chengqi He
- Center of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Rehabilitation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Li Y, Yang Y, Wang M, Zhang X, Bai S, Lu X, Li Y, Waldorff EI, Zhang N, Lee WYW, Li G. High slew rate pulsed electromagnetic field enhances bone consolidation and shortens daily treatment duration in distraction osteogenesis. Bone Joint Res 2021; 10:767-779. [PMID: 34872332 PMCID: PMC8696558 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.1012.bjr-2021-0274.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Distraction osteogenesis (DO) is a useful orthopaedic procedure employed to lengthen and reshape bones by stimulating bone formation through controlled slow stretching force. Despite its promising applications, difficulties are still encountered. Our previous study demonstrated that pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) treatment significantly enhances bone mineralization and neovascularization, suggesting its potential application. The current study compared a new, high slew rate (HSR) PEMF signal, with different treatment durations, with the standard Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved signal, to determine if HSR PEMF is a better alternative for bone formation augmentation. Methods The effects of a HSR PEMF signal with three daily treatment durations (0.5, one, and three hours/day) were investigated in an established rat DO model with comparison of an FDA-approved classic signal (three hrs/day). PEMF treatments were applied to the rats daily for 35 days, starting from the distraction phase until termination. Radiography, micro-CT (μCT), biomechanical tests, and histological examinations were employed to evaluate the quality of bone formation. Results All rats tolerated the treatment well and no obvious adverse effects were found. By comparison, the HSR signal (three hrs/day) treatment group achieved the best healing outcome, in that endochondral ossification and bone consolidation were enhanced. In addition, HSR signal treatment (one one hr/day) had similar effects to treatment using the classic signal (three three hrs/day), indicating that treatment duration could be significantly shortened with the HSR signal. Conclusion HSR signal may significantly enhance bone formation and shorten daily treatment duration in DO, making it a potential candidate for a new clinical protocol for patients undergoing DO treatments. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2021;10(12):767–779.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucong Li
- Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yongkang Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoting Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shanshan Bai
- Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xuan Lu
- Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Erik I Waldorff
- Research & Clinical Affairs, Orthofix Medical Inc, Lewisville, Texas, USA
| | - Nianli Zhang
- Research & Clinical Affairs, Orthofix Medical Inc, Lewisville, Texas, USA
| | - Wayne Yuk-Wai Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
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10
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Ahn TH, Kim DY, Kim HM, Oh W, Cho SB. Use of quantum molecular resonance energy for managing postrhinoseptoplasty perilesional edema and ecchymosis. J Cosmet Dermatol 2021; 21:3530-3536. [PMID: 34792272 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quantum molecular resonance (QMR) technology employs nonionizing high-frequency waves ranging from 4 to 64 MHz to generate low-intensity quanta of energy that interacts with cellular components. AIMS To evaluate the efficacy and safety of QMR treatment on postoperative perilesional edema and ecchymosis in patients with rhinoseptoplasty or revision rhinoseptoplasty. PATIENTS/METHODS In total, 30 patients were treated with QMR stimulation therapy (QMR group) once daily for 5 days, while another 30 patients were treated with conventional icepack application (control group). The duration of perilesional edema and ecchymosis were comparatively evaluated according to anatomic regions. RESULTS In both groups, the longest duration of postoperative edema and ecchymosis was found on the left anterior cheek, followed by the right anterior cheek, left lower eyelid, right lower eyelid, and right and left upper eyelids. The mean duration of overall postoperative perilesional edema was significantly shorter in the QMR group (2.0 ± 0.8 days) than the control group (4.6 ± 2.0 days); the mean duration of overall ecchymosis was also markedly shorter in the QMR group (2.9 ± 1.5 days) than control group (7.5 ± 2.9 days). Patient satisfaction after postoperative QMR treatment was rated as 2.2 ± 0.8, whereas patient satisfaction in control group was rated as 1.6 ± 0.9. CONCLUSION Our clinical study demonstrated that postrhinoseptoplasty QMR treatment effectively reduces the duration of postoperative perilesional edema and ecchymosis without remarkable side effects. We suggest that QMR treatment can be considered as an alternative option for noninvasively managing postrhinoseptoplasty perilesional edema and ecchymosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Hwan Ahn
- Fresh Facial Aesthetic Surgery and ENT Clinic, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | - Wook Oh
- Maylin Clinic (Yeouido), Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Bin Cho
- Yonsei Seran Dermatology and Laser Clinic, Seoul, Korea
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11
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Moya Gómez A, Font LP, Brône B, Bronckaers A. Electromagnetic Field as a Treatment for Cerebral Ischemic Stroke. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:742596. [PMID: 34557522 PMCID: PMC8453690 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.742596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral stroke is a leading cause of death and adult-acquired disability worldwide. To this date, treatment options are limited; hence, the search for new therapeutic approaches continues. Electromagnetic fields (EMFs) affect a wide variety of biological processes and accumulating evidence shows their potential as a treatment for ischemic stroke. Based on their characteristics, they can be divided into stationary, pulsed, and sinusoidal EMF. The aim of this review is to provide an extensive literature overview ranging from in vitro to even clinical studies within the field of ischemic stroke of all EMF types. A thorough comparison between EMF types and their effects is provided, as well as an overview of the signal pathways activated in cell types relevant for ischemic stroke such as neurons, microglia, astrocytes, and endothelial cells. We also discuss which steps have to be taken to improve their therapeutic efficacy in the frame of the clinical translation of this promising therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Moya Gómez
- UHasselt Hasselt University, BIOMED, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Telecommunications, Informatics and Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de Oriente, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba
| | - Lena Pérez Font
- Centro Nacional de Electromagnetismo Aplicado, Universidad de Oriente, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba
| | - Bert Brône
- UHasselt Hasselt University, BIOMED, Diepenbeek, Belgium
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Tamulevicius N, Wadhi T, Oviedo GR, Anand AS, Tien JJ, Houston F, Vlahov E. Effects of Acute Low-Frequency Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy on Aerobic Performance during a Preseason Training Camp: A Pilot Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18147691. [PMID: 34300141 PMCID: PMC8307531 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Bio-electromagnetic-energy-regulation (BEMER) therapy is a technology using a low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) in a biorhythmic format. BEMER has been shown to optimize recovery and decrease fatigue by increasing blood flow in microvessels. Our aim was to determine its effects during preseason training in endurance athletes. A total of 14 male cross-country runners (19.07 ± 0.92 y.o.) were placed in either the intervention (PEMF; n = 8) or control (CON; n = 6) group using a covariate-based, constrained randomization. Participants completed six running sessions at altitudes ranging from 881.83 (±135.98 m) to 1027.0 (±223.44 m) above sea level. PEMF group used BEMER therapy before and after each training session, totaling 12 times. There were no significant changes in absolute or relative VO2Peak, ventilation or maximum respiration rate for either the PEMF or CON group (p > 0.05). There was a significant effect of time for absolute and relative ventilatory threshold (VT), and maximum heart rate, heart rate at VT and respiration rate at VT. This study was the first of its kind to study PEMF technology in combination with elevated preseason training. Results indicate some evidence for the use of PEMF therapy during short-term training camps to improve VT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nauris Tamulevicius
- Department of Health Sciences and Human Performance, The University of Tampa, Tampa, FL 33606, USA; (T.W.); (A.S.A.); (F.H.); (E.V.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Tanuj Wadhi
- Department of Health Sciences and Human Performance, The University of Tampa, Tampa, FL 33606, USA; (T.W.); (A.S.A.); (F.H.); (E.V.)
| | - Guillermo R. Oviedo
- Faculty of Psychology Education and Sport Science Blanquerna, University Ramon Llull, 08022 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Ashmeet S. Anand
- Department of Health Sciences and Human Performance, The University of Tampa, Tampa, FL 33606, USA; (T.W.); (A.S.A.); (F.H.); (E.V.)
| | - Jung-Jung Tien
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Central Florida/HCA GME Consortium, Greater Orlando, FL 32827, USA;
| | - Fraser Houston
- Department of Health Sciences and Human Performance, The University of Tampa, Tampa, FL 33606, USA; (T.W.); (A.S.A.); (F.H.); (E.V.)
| | - Eric Vlahov
- Department of Health Sciences and Human Performance, The University of Tampa, Tampa, FL 33606, USA; (T.W.); (A.S.A.); (F.H.); (E.V.)
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Caliogna L, Medetti M, Bina V, Brancato AM, Castelli A, Jannelli E, Ivone A, Gastaldi G, Annunziata S, Mosconi M, Pasta G. Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields in Bone Healing: Molecular Pathways and Clinical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147403. [PMID: 34299021 PMCID: PMC8303968 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In this article, we provide an extensive review of the recent literature of the signaling pathways modulated by Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields (PEMFs) and PEMFs clinical application. A review of the literature was performed on two medical electronic databases (PubMed and Embase) from 3 to 5 March 2021. Three authors performed the evaluation of the studies and the data extraction. All studies for this review were selected following these inclusion criteria: studies written in English, studies available in full text and studies published in peer-reviewed journal. Molecular biology, identifying cell membrane receptors and pathways involved in bone healing, and studying PEMFs target of action are giving a solid basis for clinical applications of PEMFs. However, further biology studies and clinical trials with clear and standardized parameters (intensity, frequency, dose, duration, type of coil) are required to clarify the precise dose-response relationship and to understand the real applications in clinical practice of PEMFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Caliogna
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Clinic, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (L.C.); (M.M.); (A.M.B.); (A.C.); (E.J.); (A.I.); (S.A.); (M.M.); (G.P.)
| | - Marta Medetti
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Clinic, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (L.C.); (M.M.); (A.M.B.); (A.C.); (E.J.); (A.I.); (S.A.); (M.M.); (G.P.)
| | - Valentina Bina
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Alice Maria Brancato
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Clinic, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (L.C.); (M.M.); (A.M.B.); (A.C.); (E.J.); (A.I.); (S.A.); (M.M.); (G.P.)
| | - Alberto Castelli
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Clinic, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (L.C.); (M.M.); (A.M.B.); (A.C.); (E.J.); (A.I.); (S.A.); (M.M.); (G.P.)
| | - Eugenio Jannelli
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Clinic, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (L.C.); (M.M.); (A.M.B.); (A.C.); (E.J.); (A.I.); (S.A.); (M.M.); (G.P.)
| | - Alessandro Ivone
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Clinic, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (L.C.); (M.M.); (A.M.B.); (A.C.); (E.J.); (A.I.); (S.A.); (M.M.); (G.P.)
| | - Giulia Gastaldi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- Centre for Health Technologies, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Salvatore Annunziata
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Clinic, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (L.C.); (M.M.); (A.M.B.); (A.C.); (E.J.); (A.I.); (S.A.); (M.M.); (G.P.)
| | - Mario Mosconi
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Clinic, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (L.C.); (M.M.); (A.M.B.); (A.C.); (E.J.); (A.I.); (S.A.); (M.M.); (G.P.)
| | - Gianluigi Pasta
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Clinic, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (L.C.); (M.M.); (A.M.B.); (A.C.); (E.J.); (A.I.); (S.A.); (M.M.); (G.P.)
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Wound Repair and Extremely Low Frequency-Electromagnetic Field: Insight from In Vitro Study and Potential Clinical Application. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22095037. [PMID: 34068809 PMCID: PMC8126245 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22095037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex, staged process. It involves extensive communication between the different cellular constituents of various compartments of the skin and its extracellular matrix (ECM). Different signaling pathways are determined by a mutual influence on each other, resulting in a dynamic and complex crosstalk. It consists of various dynamic processes including a series of overlapping phases: hemostasis, inflammation response, new tissue formation, and tissue remodeling. Interruption or deregulation of one or more of these phases may lead to non-healing (chronic) wounds. The most important factor among local and systemic exogenous factors leading to a chronic wound is infection with a biofilm presence. In the last few years, an increasing number of reports have evaluated the effects of extremely low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on tissue repair. Each experimental result comes from a single element of this complex process. An interaction between ELF-EMFs and healing has shown to effectively modulate inflammation, protease matrix rearrangement, neo-angiogenesis, senescence, stem-cell proliferation, and epithelialization. These effects are strictly related to the time of exposure, waveform, frequency, and amplitude. In this review, we focus on the effect of ELF-EMFs on different wound healing phases.
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15
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Oladnabi M, Mishan MA, Rezaeikanavi M, Zargari M, Sadeghi RN, Bagheri A. Correlation between ELF-PEMF exposure and Human RPE Cell Proliferation, Apoptosis and Gene Expression. J Ophthalmic Vis Res 2021; 16:202-211. [PMID: 34055258 PMCID: PMC8126745 DOI: 10.18502/jovr.v16i2.9084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Emerging evidence implies that electromagnetic fields (EMFs) can negatively affect angiogenesis. In this regard, the effects of extremely low frequency pulsed electromagnetic field (ELF-PEMF) exposure on the relative expression level of angiogenic factors involved in the pathogenesis of ocular disorders were evaluated in human retinal pigment epithelial (hRPE) cells in order to investigate a noninvasive therapeutic method for patients with several ocular diseases associated with neovascularization. Methods After separating hRPE cells from globes, hRPE cells were exposed to 15 mT of ELF-PEMF (120 Hz) at 5, 10, and 15 min for seven days. Cell proliferation and apoptosis of treated cells were evaluated via ELISA assay. Moreover, relative expression changes of HIF-1α, CTGF, VEGFA, MMP-2, cathepsin D, and E2F3 were performed using real-time RT-PCR. Results ELF-PEMF exposure had no significant effects on the apoptosis and proliferation rate of hRPE cells. Expression level of HIF-1α, CTGF, VEGFA, MMP-2, cathepsin D, and E2F3 was downregulated following 5 min of ELF-PEMF exposure. Conclusion As ELF-PEMF showed inhibitory effects on the expression of angiogenic genes in hRPE cells with no cytotoxic or proliferative side effects, it can be introduced as a useful procedure for managing angiogenesis induced by retinal pathogenesis, although more studies with adequate follow-up in animal models are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Oladnabi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.,Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.,Both authors contributed equally to the manuscript
| | - Mohammad Amir Mishan
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Both authors contributed equally to the manuscript
| | - Mozhgan Rezaeikanavi
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehryar Zargari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Rouhallah Najjar Sadeghi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Abouzar Bagheri
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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16
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Peng L, Fu C, Wang L, Zhang Q, Liang Z, He C, Wei Q. The Effect of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields on Angiogenesis. Bioelectromagnetics 2021; 42:250-258. [PMID: 33675261 DOI: 10.1002/bem.22330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) has been used to treat inflammation-based diseases such as osteoporosis, neurological injury, and osteoarthritis. Numerous animal experiments and in vitro studies have shown that PEMF may affect angiogenesis. For ischemic diseases, in theory, blood flow may be richer by increasing the number of blood vessels which supply blood to ischemic tissue. PEMF plays a role in enhancing angiogenesis, and their clinical application may go far beyond the current scope. In this review, we analyzed and summarized the effects and possible mechanisms of PEMF on angiogenesis. Most studies have shown that PEMF with specific parameters can promote angiogenesis, which is manifested by an increased vascular growth rate and increased capillary density. The potential mechanisms consist of promoting vascular endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation, and increasing the expression level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), and other angiogenic growth factors. Additionally, PEMF has an impact on the activation of voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCC). Bioelectromagnetics. © 2021 Bioelectromagnetics Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Peng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chenying Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zejun Liang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chengqi He
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Quan Wei
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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17
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Lola Costa EV, Silva Araújo VFD, Pereira Santos AP, de Albuquerque Nogueira R. Morphometric evaluation of Japanese quail embryos and their extraembryonic vascular networks exposed to low-frequency magnetic field with two different intensities. Electromagn Biol Med 2020; 39:403-410. [PMID: 32954862 DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2020.1821708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Animals developed or in an embryonic stage, are constantly subjected to magnetic pollution generated by electrical and electronic devices. Several researches have used the bird embryo as an experimental model to evaluate the action of magnetic field (MF) and electromagnetic field (EMF). This study proposed to perform a morphometric evaluation in the embryos and in the blood vascular network of the yolk sac membranes (YSM) of Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) exposed to the 60 Hz MF with two different intensities (0.16 and 0.65 mT). A total of 30 eggs were used, 10 eggs were used for each assay. Each assay formed a group (control group, group submitted to the MF of 0.16 mT and 0.65 mT). The images of the skeletonized vascular network of YSM were evaluated by two methods of fractal dimension: box-counting dimension (Dbc) and information dimension (Dinf). The embryos were evaluated by body mass, percentage cephalic length and body area. The fractal dimensions revealed no difference among groups. There were no significant differences in relation to embryonic body mass among groups. However, the embryos exposed to 0.65 mT MF presented a smaller embryonic body development (body area and percentage cephalic length). In conclusion, 0.16 mT and 0.65 mT magnetic fields were not able to generate significant effects on vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. However, the embryos exposed to 6 h of magnetic field with 0.65 mT intensity and 60 Hz frequency showed a decrease in embryonic body development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edbhergue Ventura Lola Costa
- Laboratory of Theoretical-Experimental and Computational Biophysics, Rural Federal University of Pernambuco (UFRPE) , Recife, Brazil
| | - Victor Felipe da Silva Araújo
- Laboratory of Theoretical-Experimental and Computational Biophysics, Rural Federal University of Pernambuco (UFRPE) , Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Romildo de Albuquerque Nogueira
- Laboratory of Theoretical-Experimental and Computational Biophysics, Rural Federal University of Pernambuco (UFRPE) , Recife, Brazil
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18
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Karimi A, Ghadiri Moghaddam F, Valipour M. Insights in the biology of extremely low-frequency magnetic fields exposure on human health. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:5621-5633. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05563-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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19
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Keser H, Bozkurt Girit Ö, Majeed M, Nayak M, Bilgin MD. Pterostilbene administration improves the recovery potential of extremely low-frequency magnetic field in acute renal ischemia-reperfusion injury: an FTIR spectroscopic study. Turk J Biol 2020; 44:48-60. [PMID: 32123495 PMCID: PMC7049455 DOI: 10.3906/biy-1907-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, one of the drastic outcomes of renal failure and organ transplantation, tends to deteriorate over time; therefore, noninvasive therapeutic strategies will avail the progression-free survival of the patients. Magnetic field has been proposed as a noninvasive treatment strategy; however, with recent scientific advances, many controversies have arisen regarding its efficacy. Pterostilbene, a natural analog of resveratrol, was documented to be effective in treatment of I/R injuries. This study aims to assess the acute therapeutic effects of combined extremely low-frequency magnetic field (ELF-MF) and pterostilbene treatment on renal I/R injury. After induction of renal I/R in Wistar rats, treatments of 50 Hz, 1 mT ELF-MF applied alone or in combination with pterostilbene were applied for 5 consecutive days. Kidney homogenates were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. I/R injury resulted in an altered protein and lipid structure with the dominance of longer acyl chains; a slight decrease in lipid, protein, unsaturated lipid, and unsaturated/saturated lipid content; and an increase in membrane fluidity and lipid peroxidation in rat kidneys. Although ELF-MF treatment alone was not sufficient to restore all ischemia-induced alterations, the combined treatment strategy of pterostilbene administration in the presence of ELF-MF was successful and warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Keser
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın Turkey.,Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon Turkey
| | - Özlem Bozkurt Girit
- Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın Turkey
| | | | - Mahadeva Nayak
- Technical Marketing, Sami Labs Limited, Bangalore, Karnataka India
| | - Mehmet Dinçer Bilgin
- Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın Turkey
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20
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Peng L, Fu C, Liang Z, Zhang Q, Xiong F, Chen L, He C, Wei Q. Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields Increase Angiogenesis and Improve Cardiac Function After Myocardial Ischemia in Mice. Circ J 2020; 84:186-193. [PMID: 31915323 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-19-0758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) stimulate angiogenesis and may be a potential treatment strategy to improve cardiac function after myocardial infarction (MI). This study explored the effects and its related mechanisms of PEMF in MI mice.Methods and Results:MI mice were used in PEMF treatment (15 Hz 1.5 mT PEMF or 30 Hz 3.0 mT PEMF) for 45 min per day for 2 weeks. Furthermore, an in vivo Matrigel plug assay was used to observe the effect of PEMF in promoting angiogenesis. Compared with the sham PEMF group, PEMF treatment with 30 Hz 3.0 mT significantly improved heart function. PEMF treatment with 15 Hz 1.5 mT and 30 Hz 3.0 mT both increased capillary density, decreased infarction area size, increased the protein expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), Ser473-phosphorylated Akt (pSer473-Akt) and S1177-phosphorylated endothelial nitric oxide synthase (pS1177-eNOS), and increased the mRNA level of VEGF and hypoxia inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) in the infarct border zone. Additionally, treatment with 30 Hz 3.0 mT also increased protein and mRNA level of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), and protein level of β1 integrin, and shows a stronger therapeutic effect. CONCLUSIONS PEMF treatment could promote angiogenesis of the infarct border zone and improve cardiac function in MI mice. A treatment parameter of 30 Hz 3.0 mT is remarkably effective in MI mice. The effect is associated with the proangiogenic signaling pathways of HIF-1α/VEGF/Akt/eNOS or HIF-1α/FGF2/Akt/eNOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Peng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province
| | - Chenying Fu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University.,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University
| | - Zejun Liang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province
| | - Feng Xiong
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province
| | - Chengqi He
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province
| | - Quan Wei
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province
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21
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Gaspar D, Peixoto R, De Pieri A, Striegl B, Zeugolis DI, Raghunath M. Local pharmacological induction of angiogenesis: Drugs for cells and cells as drugs. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 146:126-154. [PMID: 31226398 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The past decades have seen significant advances in pro-angiogenic strategies based on delivery of molecules and cells for conditions such as coronary artery disease, critical limb ischemia and stroke. Currently, three major strategies are evolving. Firstly, various pharmacological agents (growth factors, interleukins, small molecules, DNA/RNA) are locally applied at the ischemic region. Secondly, preparations of living cells with considerable bandwidth of tissue origin, differentiation state and preconditioning are delivered locally, rarely systemically. Thirdly, based on the notion, that cellular effects can be attributed mostly to factors secreted in situ, the cellular secretome (conditioned media, exosomes) has come into the spotlight. We review these three strategies to achieve (neo)angiogenesis in ischemic tissue with focus on the angiogenic mechanisms they tackle, such as transcription cascades, specific signalling steps and cellular gases. We also include cancer-therapy relevant lymphangiogenesis, and shall seek to explain why there are often conflicting data between in vitro and in vivo. The lion's share of data encompassing all three approaches comes from experimental animal work and we shall highlight common technical obstacles in the delivery of therapeutic molecules, cells, and secretome. This plethora of preclinical data contrasts with a dearth of clinical studies. A lack of adequate delivery vehicles and standardised assessment of clinical outcomes might play a role here, as well as regulatory, IP, and manufacturing constraints of candidate compounds; in addition, completed clinical trials have yet to reveal a successful and efficacious strategy. As the biology of angiogenesis is understood well enough for clinical purposes, it will be a matter of time to achieve success for well-stratified patients, and most probably with a combination of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Gaspar
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland; Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
| | - Rita Peixoto
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland; Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
| | - Andrea De Pieri
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland; Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland; Proxy Biomedical Ltd., Coilleach, Spiddal, Galway, Ireland
| | - Britta Striegl
- Competence Centre Tissue Engineering for Drug Development (TEDD), Centre for Cell Biology & Tissue Engineering, Institute for Chemistry and Biotechnology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dimitrios I Zeugolis
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland; Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
| | - Michael Raghunath
- Competence Centre Tissue Engineering for Drug Development (TEDD), Centre for Cell Biology & Tissue Engineering, Institute for Chemistry and Biotechnology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Cichoń N, Bijak M, Czarny P, Miller E, Synowiec E, Sliwinski T, Saluk-Bijak J. Increase in Blood Levels of Growth Factors Involved in the Neuroplasticity Process by Using an Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field in Post-stroke Patients. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:294. [PMID: 30319398 PMCID: PMC6168626 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Neuroplasticity ensures the improvement of functional status in patients after stroke. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field therapy (ELF-EMF) on brain plasticity in the rehabilitation of patients after stroke. Methods: Forty-eight patients were divided into two groups underwent the same rehabilitation program, but in the study group, the patients additionally were exposed to a standard series of 10 ELF-EMF treatments. To determine the level of neuroplasticity, we measured the plasma level of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), the vascular-endothelial growth factor, as well as BDNF mRNA expression. Additionally, we determined the molecule levels for hepatocyte growth factor, stem cell factor, stromal cell-derived factor 1α, nerve growth factor β, and leukemia inhibitory factor, using 5plex cytokine panel in plasma. After 4 weeks, during which patients had undergone neurorehabilitation and neurological examinations, we assessed functional recovery using the Barthel Index, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Geriatric Depression Scale, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), and the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Results: We observed that ELF-EMF significantly increased growth factors and cytokine levels involved in neuroplasticity, as well as promoted an enhancement of functional recovery in post-stroke patients. Additionally, we presented evidence that these effects could be related to the increase of gene expression on the mRNA level. Moreover, a change of BDNF plasma level was positively correlated with the Barthel Index, MMSE, and negatively correlated with GDS. Conclusion: Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field therapy improves the effectiveness of rehabilitation of post-stroke patients by improving neuroplasticity processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Cichoń
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Michał Bijak
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Piotr Czarny
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Miller
- Department of Physical Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland.,Neurorehabilitation Ward, III General Hospital in Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Ewelina Synowiec
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Tomasz Sliwinski
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Joanna Saluk-Bijak
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
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23
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Rosado MM, Simkó M, Mattsson MO, Pioli C. Immune-Modulating Perspectives for Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields in Innate Immunity. Front Public Health 2018; 6:85. [PMID: 29632855 PMCID: PMC5879099 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2018.00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the effects of electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on the immune system have received a considerable interest, not only to investigate possible negative health impact but also to explore the possibility to favorably modulate immune responses. To generate beneficial responses, the immune system should eradicate pathogens while “respecting” the organism and tolerating irrelevant antigens. According to the current view, damage-associated molecules released by infected or injured cells, or secreted by innate immune cells generate danger signals activating an immune response. These signals are also relevant to the subsequent activation of homeostatic mechanisms that control the immune response in pro- or anti-inflammatory reactions, a feature that allows modulation by therapeutic treatments. In the present review, we describe and discuss the effects of extremely low frequency (ELF)-EMF and pulsed EMF on cell signals and factors relevant to the activation of danger signals and innate immunity cells. By discussing the EMF modulating effects on cell functions, we envisage the use of EMF as a therapeutic agent to regulate immune responses associated with wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mats-Olof Mattsson
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Center for Energy, Environmental Resources and Technologies, Tulln, Austria
| | - Claudio Pioli
- Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Division of Health Protection Technologies, ENEA, Rome, Italy
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24
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Cheng Y, Qu Z, Fu X, Jiang Q, Fei J. Hydroxytyrosol contributes to cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis in pulsed electromagnetic fields treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells in vitro. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:8826-8832. [PMID: 28990042 PMCID: PMC5779961 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
A variety of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) have been experimentally and clinically used in an effort to promote wound healing, although the mechanisms involved remain unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the action of a novel protocol of co‑treatment with PEMFs and hydroxytyrosol (HTY) on the proliferation and differentiation potential of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The HUVECs were assigned randomly into three groups: Control, PEMF‑treated and PEMF + HT‑treated. The intensity of the electromagnetic field used in this protocol was 2.25 mT, the frequency of the bursts was 50 Hz and the application time was 15 min. A Cell Counting kit‑8 (CCK‑8) assay was used to assess cell proliferation, and cell apoptosis was analyzed by TUNEL apoptosis assay kit and calcein‑acetoxymethyl/propidium iodide dual‑staining assay. In addition, protein and mRNA expression levels of protein kinase B (Akt), mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), transforming growth factor (TGF)‑β1 and p53 were determined by western blotting and reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays, respectively. The CCK‑8 assay demonstrated that HTY contributed to HUVEC proliferation mediated by PEMFs in a time‑dependent manner. The Transwell assay and scratch wound results demonstrated that co‑treatment of HTY and PEMFs could increase HUVEC migration. Furthermore, the levels of apoptotic cells were reversed by pre‑incubation with HTY in the PEMF treatment group, while PEMF treatment alone had no such effect. The proteins and mRNA expression levels of Akt, mTOR, TGF‑β1 were elevated in co‑treatment of HTY and PEMFs, whereas there was no effect on levels of p53. Therefore, the results indicated that combined exposure of HUVECs to PEMFs and HTY exerted protective effects in HUVECs by promoting cell proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis. In conclusion, to the best of our knowledge, the present study was the first to demonstrate the beneficial roles of HTY and PEMF combined treatment in HUVECs, which may represent an effective treatment for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Cheng
- Department of Bone Surgery, The First Hospital of Harbin City, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150010, P.R. China
| | - Zhiwei Qu
- Department of Bone Surgery, The First Hospital of Harbin City, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150010, P.R. China
| | - Ximeng Fu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of Harbin City, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150010, P.R. China
| | - Qi Jiang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of Harbin City, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150010, P.R. China
| | - Jianfeng Fei
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of Harbin City, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150010, P.R. China
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25
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Yoo J, Lee E, Kim HY, Youn DH, Jung J, Kim H, Chang Y, Lee W, Shin J, Baek S, Jang W, Jun W, Kim S, Hong J, Park HJ, Lengner CJ, Moh SH, Kwon Y, Kim J. Electromagnetized gold nanoparticles mediate direct lineage reprogramming into induced dopamine neurons in vivo for Parkinson's disease therapy. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 12:1006-1014. [PMID: 28737745 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2017.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Electromagnetic fields (EMF) are physical energy fields generated by electrically charged objects, and specific ranges of EMF can influence numerous biological processes, which include the control of cell fate and plasticity. In this study, we show that electromagnetized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in the presence of specific EMF conditions facilitate an efficient direct lineage reprogramming to induced dopamine neurons in vitro and in vivo. Remarkably, electromagnetic stimulation leads to a specific activation of the histone acetyltransferase Brd2, which results in histone H3K27 acetylation and a robust activation of neuron-specific genes. In vivo dopaminergic neuron reprogramming by EMF stimulation of AuNPs efficiently and non-invasively alleviated symptoms in mouse Parkinson's disease models. This study provides a proof of principle for EMF-based in vivo lineage conversion as a potentially viable and safe therapeutic strategy for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsang Yoo
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cell Reprogramming, Department of Biomedical Engineering (BK21 plus program), Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Euiyeon Lee
- Laboratory of Protein Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Young Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 45158, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Ho Youn
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, 2177, Dalgubeol Boulevard, Jung-gu, Daegu 41940, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghyun Jung
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University, Seoul 188-26, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongwon Kim
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cell Reprogramming, Department of Biomedical Engineering (BK21 plus program), Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujung Chang
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cell Reprogramming, Department of Biomedical Engineering (BK21 plus program), Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonwoong Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Jaein Shin
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cell Reprogramming, Department of Biomedical Engineering (BK21 plus program), Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Soonbong Baek
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cell Reprogramming, Department of Biomedical Engineering (BK21 plus program), Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonhee Jang
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, 2177, Dalgubeol Boulevard, Jung-gu, Daegu 41940, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Jun
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, 2177, Dalgubeol Boulevard, Jung-gu, Daegu 41940, Republic of Korea
| | - Soochan Kim
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Hankyong National University, Kyonggi-do 456-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongki Hong
- College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Hi-Joon Park
- Studies of Translational Acupuncture Research (STAR), Acupuncture &Meridian Science Research Center (AMSRC), Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Christopher J Lengner
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Sang Hyun Moh
- BIO-FD&C Co. 509-511, Smart Valley A, 30 Songdomirai-ro, Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngeun Kwon
- Laboratory of Protein Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongpil Kim
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cell Reprogramming, Department of Biomedical Engineering (BK21 plus program), Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea
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26
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Fraccalvieri M, Salomone M, Di Santo C, Ruka E, Morozzo U, Bruschi S. Quantum molecular resonance technology in hard-to-heal extremity wounds: histological and clinical results. Int Wound J 2017; 14:1313-1322. [PMID: 28857452 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.12805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic wounds are commonly associated with high morbidity rates due to the patient's need of frequent dressing changes and repeated visits to the outpatient wound clinic. Furthermore, chronic wounds are often characterised by severe pain, which can cause significant disability to the patient. New technologies aim to develop an optimal device to reduce discomfort of the patient and to heal wounds. The device Rexon-age® is introduced for the first time in wound healing, and preliminary data on clinical and histological results are shown. From April 2014 to April 2015, 11 patients - 7 females and 4 males - were enrolled in the present study. The study was conducted at the Plastic and Reconstructive Institute of the Università degli Studi di Torino, Città della Salute e della Scienza of Torino, Italy. For histological characterisation, pre- and post-treatment biopsies on the wound bed were performed. Data regarding age, gender, weight, height, comorbidity, drug therapy and topical pre-treatment and dressings of the wound were collected as well. Moreover, local factors regarding the wound data were as follows: aetiology, time of the wound formation until first Rexon-age treatment, wound dimensions, wound bed, moisture, margins and anatomical region of the wound. A visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to monitor the pain before and after each treatment. Rexon-age treatment resulted in improvement in granulation tissue and wound contraction. Moreover, a significant reduction of pain was observed with the reduction of painkillers drug usage. Among these Rexon-age-treated patients, three patients displayed 60-80% reduction in pain intensity, and two patients showed complete pain relief. In outpatient follow-up appointments, we registered long-term durability of pain relief. As assessed by histological analyses, post-treatment biopsies of all nine patients revealed a decreased amount of inflammatory cells and lower expression levels of metalloproteinases (e.g. MMP9). We observed increased capillary thrombosis as well as up-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression. The current study presents the first evidence that Rexon-age-based therapy can significantly ameliorate and accelerate the healing process of chronic wounds. Although this study analysed only a small number of patients, we could consistently observe positive effects on both the clinical aspect of the lesions, which underwent size reduction and wound reactivation, and the quality of life of our patients due to long-term pain relief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Fraccalvieri
- Plastic Surgery Department, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria della Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Marco Salomone
- Plastic Surgery Department, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria della Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Claudia Di Santo
- Plastic Surgery Department, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria della Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Erind Ruka
- Plastic Surgery Department, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria della Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Umberto Morozzo
- Plastic Surgery Department, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria della Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Stefano Bruschi
- Plastic Surgery Department, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria della Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
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27
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Calcabrini C, Mancini U, De Bellis R, Diaz AR, Martinelli M, Cucchiarini L, Sestili P, Stocchi V, Potenza L. Effect of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields on antioxidant activity in the human keratinocyte cell line NCTC 2544. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2016; 64:415-422. [PMID: 27001710 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Some epidemiological studies have suggested possible associations between exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) and various diseases. Recently, ELF-EMF has been considered as a therapeutic agent. To support ELF-EMF use in regenerative medicine, in particular in the treatment of skin injuries, we investigated whether significant cell damage occurs after ELF-EMF exposure. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was evaluated in the human keratinocyte exposed for 1 H to 50 Hz ELF-EMF in a range of field strengths from 0.25 to 2 G. Significant ROS increases resulted at 0.5 and 1 G and under these flux densities ROS production, glutathione content, antioxidant defense activity, and lipid peroxidation markers were assessed for different lengths of time. Analyzed parameters of antioxidant defense and membrane integrity showed a different trend at two selected magnetic fluxes, with a greater sensitivity of the cells exposed to 0.5 G, especially after 1 H. All significant alterations observed in the first 4 H of exposure reverted to controls 24 H after suggesting that under these conditions, ELF-EMF induces a slight oxidative stress that does not overwhelm the metabolic capacity of the cells or have a cytotoxic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Calcabrini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Umberto Mancini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Roberta De Bellis
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Diaz
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Maddalena Martinelli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Luigi Cucchiarini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Piero Sestili
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Vilberto Stocchi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Lucia Potenza
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
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28
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Cohn JA, Kaufman MR, Dmochowski RR, Kowalik CG, Milam DF, Reynolds WS. Early Sacral Neuromodulation in Spinal Cord Injury—Can It Regenerate Nerves? CURRENT BLADDER DYSFUNCTION REPORTS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11884-016-0382-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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29
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Kumar S, Dey S, Jain S. Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields: A possible non-invasive therapeutic tool for spinal cord injury rehabilitation. Electromagn Biol Med 2016; 36:88-101. [PMID: 27399648 DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2016.1194290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic insults to the spinal cord induce both immediate mechanical damage and subsequent tissue degeneration. The latter involves a range of events namely cellular disturbance, homeostatic imbalance, ionic and neurotransmitters derangement that ultimately result in loss of sensorimotor functions. The targets for improving function after spinal cord injury (SCI) are mainly directed toward limiting these secondary injury events. Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) is a possible non-invasive therapeutic intervention for SCI rehabilitation which has the potential to constrain the secondary injury-induced events. In the present review, we discuss the effects of ELF-EMF on experimental and clinical SCI as well as on biological system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suneel Kumar
- a Department of Physiology , All India Institute of Medical Sciences , New Delhi , India.,b W. M. Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway , NJ , USA
| | - Soumil Dey
- a Department of Physiology , All India Institute of Medical Sciences , New Delhi , India
| | - Suman Jain
- a Department of Physiology , All India Institute of Medical Sciences , New Delhi , India
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30
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Shen Y, Xia R, Jiang H, Chen Y, Hong L, Yu Y, Xu Z, Zeng Q. Exposure to 50Hz-sinusoidal electromagnetic field induces DNA damage-independent autophagy. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 77:72-79. [PMID: 27177844 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2016.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
As electromagnetic field (EMF) is commonly encountered within our daily lives, the biological effects of EMF are of great concern. Autophagy is a key process for maintaining cellular homeostasis, and it can also reveal cellular responses to environmental stimuli. In this study, we aim to investigate the biological effects of a 50Hz-sinusoidal electromagnetic field on autophagy and we identified its mechanism of action in Chinese Hamster Lung (CHL) cells. CHL cells were exposed to a 50Hz sinusoidal EMF at 0.4mT for 30min or 24h. In this study, we found that a 0.4mT EMF resulted in: (i) an increase in LC3-II expression and increased autophagosome formation; (ii) no significant difference in the incidence of γH2AX foci between the sham and exposure groups; (iii) reorganized actin filaments and increased pseudopodial extensions without promoting cell migration; and (iv) enhanced cell apoptosis when autophagy was blocked by Bafilomycin A1. These results implied that DNA damage was not directly involved in the autophagy induced by a 0.4mT 50Hz EMF. In addition, an EMF induced autophagy balanced the cellular homeostasis to protect the cells from severe adverse biological consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Shen
- Bioelectromagnetics Laboratory, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Ruohong Xia
- Physics Department, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Hengjun Jiang
- Bioelectromagnetics Laboratory, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Yanfeng Chen
- Bioelectromagnetics Laboratory, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Ling Hong
- Bioelectromagnetics Laboratory, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Yunxian Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Zhengping Xu
- Bioelectromagnetics Laboratory, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
| | - Qunli Zeng
- Bioelectromagnetics Laboratory, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
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31
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Rezaei Kanavi M, Tabeie F, Sahebjam F, Poursani N, Jahanbakhsh N, Paymanpour P, AfsarAski S. Short-term effects of extremely low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic field and pulsed low-level laser therapy on rabbit model of corneal alkali burn. Exp Eye Res 2016; 145:216-223. [PMID: 26795389 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2016.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of combining extremely low frequency-pulsed electromagnetic field (ELF-PEMF) and low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on alkali-burned rabbit corneas. Fifty alkali-burned corneas of 50 rabbits were categorized into five groups: ELF-PEMF therapy with 2 mT intensity (ELF 2) for 2 h daily; LLLT for 30 min twice daily; combined ELF-PEMF and LLLT (ELF + LLLT); medical therapy (MT); and control (i.e., no treatment). Clinical examination and digital photography of the corneas were performed on days 0, 2, 7, and 14. After euthanizing the rabbits, the affected eyes were evaluated by histopathology. The clinical and histopathologic results were compared between the groups. On days 7 and 14, no significant difference in the corneal defect area was evident between the ELF, LLLT, ELF + LLLT, and MT groups. Excluding the controls, none of the study groups demonstrated a significant corneal neovascularization in both routine histopathology and immunohistochemistry for CD31. Keratocyte loss was significantly higher in the MT group than in the ELF, LLLT, and ELF + LLLT groups. Moderate to severe stromal inflammation in the LLLT group was comparable with that in the MT group and was significantly lower than that in the other groups. In conclusion, combining LLLT and ELF was not superior to ELF alone or LLLT alone in healing corneal alkali burns. However, given the lower intensity of corneal inflammation and the lower rate of keratocytes loss with LLLT, this treatment may be superior to other proposed treatment modalities for healing alkali-burned corneas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mozhgan Rezaei Kanavi
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Faraj Tabeie
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzin Sahebjam
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Poursani
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazanin Jahanbakhsh
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pouya Paymanpour
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sasha AfsarAski
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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32
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Costa EVL, Nogueira RDA. Multifractal dimension and lacunarity of yolk sac vasculature after exposure to magnetic field. Microvasc Res 2015; 99:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2015.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Revised: 02/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Abbruzzese L, Iacopi E, Coppelli A, Bonino G, Goretti C, Piaggesi A. Safety and Effectiveness of Therapeutic Magnetic Resonance in the Management of Postsurgical Lesion of the Diabetic Foot. INT J LOW EXTR WOUND 2015; 14:4-10. [DOI: 10.1177/1534734614568374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of therapeutic magnetic resonance (TMR) in the management of the diabetic foot (DF), we treated a group of consecutive type 2 diabetic inpatients with wide postsurgical lesions (Group A: N = 10; age 67.7 ± 18.9 years, duration of diabetes 22.3 ± 6.6 years, 8.1 ± 1.1%, body mass index 29.4 ± 2.1 kg/m2), for 2 consecutive weeks, while admitted, with a low-intensity magnetic resonance equipment, in addition to standard treatment. Patients, compared with a matched control group with the same clinical characteristics (Group B), were then followed monthly for 6 months to evaluate healing rate (HR), healing time (HT), rate of granulation tissue (GT) at 3 months, and adverse events. HR was of 90% in Group A and 30% in Group B ( P < .05); GT was 73.7 ± 13.2% in Group A versus 51.84 ± 18.77% in Group B ( P < .05). HT in Group A was 84.46 ± 54.38 days versus 148.54 ± 78.96 days in Group B ( P < .01). No difference in adverse events (5 in Group A and 6 in Group B) was observed throughout the study period. In this pilot study, the use of TMR at this dose and duration was safe. The results also permit the observation that TMR plus standard care offered a faster healing rate compared with standard care alone.
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Taylor EM, Hardy KL, Alonso A, Pilla AA, Rohde CH. Pulsed electromagnetic fields dosing impacts postoperative pain in breast reduction patients. J Surg Res 2015; 193:504-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2014.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Delle Monache S, Angelucci A, Sanità P, Iorio R, Bennato F, Mancini F, Gualtieri G, Colonna RC. Inhibition of angiogenesis mediated by extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MFs). PLoS One 2013; 8:e79309. [PMID: 24244477 PMCID: PMC3828379 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of new blood vessels is an essential therapeutic target in many diseases such as cancer, ischemic diseases, and chronic inflammation. In this regard, extremely low-frequency (ELF) electromagnetic fields (EMFs) seem able to inhibit vessel growth when used in a specific window of amplitude. To investigate the mechanism of anti-angiogenic action of ELF-EMFs we tested the effect of a sinusoidal magnetic field (MF) of 2 mT intensity and frequency of 50 Hz on endothelial cell models HUVEC and MS-1 measuring cell status and proliferation, motility and tubule formation ability. MS-1 cells when injected in mice determined a rapid tumor-like growth that was significantly reduced in mice inoculated with MF-exposed cells. In particular, histological analysis of tumors derived from mice inoculated with MF-exposed MS-1 cells indicated a reduction of hemangioma size, of blood-filled spaces, and in hemorrhage. In parallel, in vitro proliferation of MS-1 treated with MF was significantly inhibited. We also found that the MF-exposure down-regulated the process of proliferation, migration and formation of tubule-like structures in HUVECs. Using western blotting and immunofluorescence analysis, we collected data about the possible influence of MF on the signalling pathway activated by the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). In particular, MF exposure significantly reduced the expression and activation levels of VEGFR2, suggesting a direct or indirect influence of MF on VEGF receptors placed on cellular membrane. In conclusion MF reduced, in vitro and in vivo, the ability of endothelial cells to form new vessels, most probably affecting VEGF signal transduction pathway that was less responsive to activation. These findings could not only explain the mechanism of anti-angiogenic action exerted by MFs, but also promote the possible development of new therapeutic applications for treatment of those diseases where excessive angiogenesis is involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Delle Monache
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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Rikk J, Finn KJ, Liziczai I, Radák Z, Bori Z, Ihász F. Influence of pulsing electromagnetic field therapy on resting blood pressure in aging adults. Electromagn Biol Med 2013; 32:165-72. [DOI: 10.3109/15368378.2013.776420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Pilla AA. Nonthermal electromagnetic fields: From first messenger to therapeutic applications. Electromagn Biol Med 2013; 32:123-36. [DOI: 10.3109/15368378.2013.776335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Trillo MÁ, Martínez MA, Cid MA, Úbeda A. Retinoic acid inhibits the cytoproliferative response to weak 50‑Hz magnetic fields in neuroblastoma cells. Oncol Rep 2013; 29:885-94. [PMID: 23292364 PMCID: PMC3597587 DOI: 10.3892/or.2012.2212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Accepted: 11/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that intermittent exposure to a 50‑Hz magnetic field (MF) at 100 µT stimulates cell proliferation in the human neuroblastoma cell line NB69. The present study aimed to investigate whether the magnetic field-induced growth promotion also occurs at a lower magnetic flux density of 10 µT. To this purpose, NB69 cells were subjected for 42 h to intermittent exposure, 3 h on/3 h off, to a 50‑Hz MF at a 10 or 100 µT magnetic flux density. The field exposure took place either in the presence or in the absence of the antiproliferative agent retinoic acid. At the end of the treatment and/or incubation period, the cell growth was estimated by hemocytometric counting and spectrophotometric analysis of total protein and DNA contents. Potential changes in DNA synthesis were also assessed through proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunolabeling. The results confirmed previously reported data that a 42-h exposure to a 50‑Hz sine wave MF at 100 µT promotes cell growth in the NB69 cell line, and showed that 10 µT induces a similar proliferative response. This effect, which was significantly associated and linearly correlated with PCNA expression, was abolished by the presence of retinoic acid in the culture medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Ángeles Trillo
- Department of Research-BEM, IRYCIS, Hospital Ramon y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain.
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Iorio R, Bennato F, Mancini F, Colonna RC. ELF-MF transiently increases skeletal myoblast migration: possible role of calpain system. Int J Radiat Biol 2013; 89:548-61. [PMID: 23367877 DOI: 10.3109/09553002.2013.771825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cell migration is crucial for myogenesis since it is required for the alignment and fusion of myoblast. Ca(2+) signals are involved in regulating myoblast migration and an extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic field (MF) increases intracellular calcium levels in C2C12 myoblast. This study was aimed at investigating whether ELF-MF could affect myoblast migration. As calpains contribute to the regulation of myoblast motility, the effect of ELF-MF on μ- and m-calpain was also investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effect of ELF-MF (1 mT; 50 Hz) on C2C12 cell motility was observed by wound-healing assay. Protein expression of calpains, calpastatin, myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS) and vinculin were examined by Western blot analysis. Casein zymography and immunofluorescence analysis were carried out to evaluate, respectively, activity levels of calpains and intracellular distribution of calpains, calpastatin and actin. RESULTS Exposure to ELF-MF resulted in a transient but significant increase of myoblast migration. This stimulatory effect was associated with a marked increase of μ- and m-calpain activity followed by the concomitant variation in their subcellular localization. No significant changes in intracellular distribution and protein levels of calpastatin were detected. Finally, a significant decrease of MARCKS expression and modifications of actin dynamics were reported. CONCLUSIONS This study clearly outlines an involvement of calpains in ELF-MF-mediated myoblast migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Iorio
- Departments of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, 67100 Italy.
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Costa EVL, Jimenez GC, Barbosa CTF, Nogueira RA. Fractal analysis of extra-embryonic vascularization in Japanese quail embryos exposed to extremely low frequency magnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics 2012; 34:114-21. [PMID: 23060284 DOI: 10.1002/bem.21759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2011] [Accepted: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic fields (MF) can alter the dynamic behavior of vascular tissue and may have a stimulatory or inhibitory effect on blood vessel growth. Fractal geometry has been used in several studies as a tool to describe the development of blood vascular networks. Due to its self-similarity, irregularity, fractional dimension, and dependence on the scale of vessel dimensions, vascular networks can be taken as fractal objects. In this work, we calculated the fractal dimension by the methods of box counting (D(bc)) and information dimension (D(inf)) to evaluate the development of blood vessels of the yolk sac membrane (YSM) from quail embryos exposed to MF with a magnetic flux density of 1 mT and a frequency of 60 Hz. The obtained results showed that when the MF was applied to embryos aged between 48 and 72 h, in sessions of 2 h (6 h/day) and 3 h (9 h/day) with exposure intervals between 6 and 5 h, respectively, blood vascular formation was inhibited. Exposure sessions shorter than 2 h or longer than 3 h had no observable change on the vascular process. In contrast, the magnetic field had no observable change on the YSM vascular network for embryos aged between 72 and 96 h, irrespective of the exposure time. In conclusion, these results show a "window effect" regarding exposure time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edbhergue V L Costa
- Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Rural Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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Sheikh AQ, Taghian T, Hemingway B, Cho H, Kogan AB, Narmoneva DA. Regulation of endothelial MAPK/ERK signalling and capillary morphogenesis by low-amplitude electric field. J R Soc Interface 2012; 10:20120548. [PMID: 22993248 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2012.0548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-amplitude electric field (EF) is an important component of wound-healing response and can promote vascular tissue repair; however, the mechanisms of action on endothelium remain unclear. We hypothesized that physiological amplitude EF regulates angiogenic response of microvascular endothelial cells via activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK) pathway. A custom set-up allowed non-thermal application of EF of high (7.5 GHz) and low (60 Hz) frequency. Cell responses following up to 24 h of EF exposure, including proliferation and apoptosis, capillary morphogenesis, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and MAPK pathways activation were quantified. A db/db mouse model of diabetic wound healing was used for in vivo validation. High-frequency EF enhanced capillary morphogenesis, VEGF release, MEK-cRaf complex formation, MEK and ERK phosphorylation, whereas no MAPK/JNK and MAPK/p38 pathways activation was observed. The endothelial response to EF did not require VEGF binding to VEGFR2 receptor. EF-induced MEK phosphorylation was reversed in the presence of MEK and Ca(2+) inhibitors, reduced by endothelial nitric oxide synthase inhibition, and did not depend on PI3K pathway activation. The results provide evidence for a novel intracellular mechanism for EF regulation of endothelial angiogenic response via frequency-sensitive MAPK/ERK pathway activation, with important implications for EF-based therapies for vascular tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Q Sheikh
- Biomedical Engineering, SEEBME, University of Cincinnati, 2901 Woodside Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012, USA
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Iorio R, Delle Monache S, Bennato F, Di Bartolomeo C, Scrimaglio R, Cinque B, Colonna RC. Involvement of mitochondrial activity in mediating ELF-EMF stimulatory effect on human sperm motility. Bioelectromagnetics 2011; 32:15-27. [PMID: 20690107 DOI: 10.1002/bem.20602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
It has recently been reported that the exposure of human spermatozoa to an extremely low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic field (EMF) with a square waveform of 5 mT amplitude and frequency of 50 Hz improves sperm motility. The functional relationship between the energy metabolism and the enhancement of human sperm motility induced by ELF-EMF was investigated. Sperm exposure to ELF-EMF resulted in a progressive and significant increase of mitochondrial membrane potential and levels of ATP, ADP and NAD(+) that was associated with a progressive and significant increase in the sperm kinematic parameters. No significant effects were detected on other parameters such as ATP/ADP ratio and energy charge. When carbamoyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CICCP) was applied to inhibit the oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria, the values of energy parameters and motility in the sperm incubated in the presence of glucose and exposed to ELF-EMF did not change, thus indicating that the glycolysis was not involved in mediating ELF-EMF stimulatory effect on motility. By contrast, when pyruvate and lactate were provided instead of glucose, the energy status and motility increased significantly in ELF-EMF-treated sperm. Under these culture conditions, the inhibition of glycolitic metabolism by 2-deoxy-D-glucose (DOG) again resulted in increased values of energy and kinematic parameters, indicating that gluconeogenesis was not involved in producing glucose for use in glycolysis. We concluded that the key role in mediating the stimulatory effects exerted by ELF-EMF on human sperm motility is played by mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation rather than glycolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Iorio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies, University of L'Aquila, Italy.
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Polidori E, Zeppa S, Potenza L, Martinelli C, Colombo E, Casadei L, Agostini D, Sestili P, Stocchi V. Gene expression profile in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells exposed to a 300 mT static magnetic field. Bioelectromagnetics 2011; 33:65-74. [PMID: 21755520 DOI: 10.1002/bem.20686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2011] [Accepted: 04/27/2011] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
In a previous investigation we reported that exposure to a moderate (300 mT) static magnetic field (SMF) causes transient DNA damage and promotes mitochondrial biogenesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). To better understand the response of HUVECs to the 300 mT SMF, a high-quality subtracted cDNA library representative of genes induced in cells after 4 h of static magnetic exposure was constructed. The global gene expression profile showed that several genes were induced after the SMF exposure. The characterized clones are involved in cell metabolism, energy, cell growth/division, transcription, protein synthesis, destination and storage, membrane injury, DNA damage/repair, and oxidative stress response. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) experiments were performed at 4 and 24 h on four selected genes. Their expression profiles suggest that HUVEC's response to SMF exposure is transient. Furthermore, compared to control cells, an up-regulation of several genes involved in cell growth and division was observed. This up-regulation is likely to be the cause of the slight, but significant, increase in cell proliferation at 12 h post-treatment. These results provide additional support to the notion that SMFs may be harmless to human health, and could support the rationale for their possible use in medical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Polidori
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Urbino "Carlo Bo", Italy.
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Kasten A, Müller P, Bulnheim U, Groll J, Bruellhoff K, Beck U, Steinhoff G, Möller M, Rychly J. Mechanical integrin stress and magnetic forces induce biological responses in mesenchymal stem cells which depend on environmental factors. J Cell Biochem 2010; 111:1586-97. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.22890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Cuccurazzu B, Leone L, Podda MV, Piacentini R, Riccardi E, Ripoli C, Azzena GB, Grassi C. Exposure to extremely low-frequency (50Hz) electromagnetic fields enhances adult hippocampal neurogenesis in C57BL/6 mice. Exp Neurol 2010; 226:173-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2010.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2010] [Revised: 07/28/2010] [Accepted: 08/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Bekhite MM, Finkensieper A, Abou-Zaid FA, El-Shourbagy IK, Omar KM, Figulla HR, Sauer H, Wartenberg M. Static electromagnetic fields induce vasculogenesis and chondro-osteogenesis of mouse embryonic stem cells by reactive oxygen species-mediated up-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor. Stem Cells Dev 2010; 19:731-43. [PMID: 19788349 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2008.0266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Electromagnetic fields (EMFs) are used to treat bone diseases. Herein, the effects of static EMFs on chondroosteogenesis and vasculogenesis of embryonic stem (ES) cells and bone mineralization of mouse fetuses were investigated. Treatment of differentiating ES cells with static EMFs (0.4-2 mT) stimulated vasculogenesis and chondro-osteogenesis and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), which was abolished by the free radical scavengers trolox, 1,10-phenanthroline (phen), and the NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitor diphenylen iodonium (DPI). In contrast, EMFs of 10 mT field strength exerted inhibitory effects on vasculogenesis and chondro-osteogenesis despite robust ROS generation. EMFs of 1 mT and 10 mT increased and decreased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression, respectively, which was abolished by DPI and radical scavengers. EMFs activated extracellular-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), p38, and c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), which was sensitive to DPI treatment. The increase in VEGF by EMFs was inhibited by the ERK1/2 inhibitor U0126 but not by SB203580 and SP600125, which are p38 and JNK inhibitors, respectively, suggesting VEGF regulation by ERK1/2. Chondroosteogenesis and vasculogenesis of ES cells was blunted by trolox, DPI, and the VEGF receptor-2 (flk-1) antagonist SU5614. In mouse fetuses 1 mT EMFs increased and 10 mT EMFs decreased bone mineralization, which was abolished in the presence of trolox. Hence, EMFs induced chondro-osteogenesis and vasculogenesis in ES cells and bone mineralization of mouse fetuses by a ROS-dependent up-regulation of VEGF expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M Bekhite
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology Division, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany
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Lahijani MS, Tehrani DM, Sabouri E. Histopathological and ultrastructural studies on the effects of electromagnetic fields on the liver of preincubated white Leghorn chicken embryo. Electromagn Biol Med 2010; 28:391-413. [PMID: 20017630 DOI: 10.3109/15368370903287689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
There are several reports indicating a linkage between exposures to 50-60 Hz electromagnetic fields and abnormalities in the early stages of embryonic development of chicken embryos. The present study was designed to demonstrate whether electromagnetic fields could be an environmental factor invoking histopathological and ultra-structural changes in livers of preincubated chicken embryos exposed to EMFs. Following other researchers and our previous results from different groups of Developmental Biology at the Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Shahid-Beheshti University, effects of most effective intensities (1.33, 2.66, 5.52, and 7.32 mT) of electromagnetic fields (EMFs, 50 Hz ) on livers of pre-incubated white leghorn chicken embryos were investigated . 150 healthy, fresh, and fertilized eggs (55-65 gr) were divided into 6 groups of experimental(1-4, n = 30), control (n = 60), and sham (n = 50). Experimental eggs (inside coil) were exposed to 4 different intensities (1.33, 2.66, 5.52, and 7.32 mT). Sham groups were located inside same coil, with no exposure, for 24 h before incubation. Control, sham, and experimental groups (1-4) were then incubated in an incubator (38 +/- 0.5 degrees C, 60% humidity) for 17 days. At the end of this period, livers of experimental, sham, and control groups were processed for light and transmission electrom microscopes (TEM and SEM) studies. So, livers of 17-day old chicken embryos were removed by C-sections, fixed in formalin 10%, stained with H&E and reticulin, and studied under light microscope. Others were prepared for electron microscopes (TEM and SEM) investigations. Morphological observations indicated exencephalic embryos, embryos with asymmetrical faces, crossed beak, shorter upper beak, deformed hind limbs, gastroschesis, anophthalmia, and microphthalmia. H&E and reticulin stainings, TEMS, and SEMs studies indicated EMFs would create hepato-cytes with fibrotic bands, severe steatohepatitis, vacuolizations, swollen and extremely electron-dense mitochondria, reduced invisible cristae, crystalized mitochondria with degenerated cristae, myelin-like figures, macrophages engulfing adjacent cells, dentated nuclei, nuclei with irregular envelopes, degenerated hepatocytes, abnormal lipid accumulations, lipid droplets pushing hepatocytes' nuclei to the corner of the cells, abundant cellular infiltrations cellular infiltrations inside sinusoid and around central veins, disrupted reticulin plexus, and release of chromatin into cytosol,, with partially regular water layers. An elevated oxyradical generation and, subsequently, cell membrane disruptions were the reasons for electromagnetic fields inducing cell damages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Shams Lahijani
- Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Shahid-Beheshti University, G.C., Tehran, Iran.
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Mechanisms of geomagnetic field influence on gene expression using influenza as a model system: basics of physical epidemiology. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2010; 7:938-65. [PMID: 20617011 PMCID: PMC2872305 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph7030938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2009] [Revised: 01/14/2010] [Accepted: 02/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies demonstrate distinct changes in gene expression in cells exposed to a weak magnetic field (MF). Mechanisms of this phenomenon are not understood yet. We propose that proteins of the Cryptochrome family (CRY) are "epigenetic sensors" of the MF fluctuations, i.e., magnetic field-sensitive part of the epigenetic controlling mechanism. It was shown that CRY represses activity of the major circadian transcriptional complex CLOCK/BMAL1. At the same time, function of CRY, is apparently highly responsive to weak MF because of radical pairs that periodically arise in the functionally active site of CRY and mediate the radical pair mechanism of magnetoreception. It is known that the circadian complex influences function of every organ and tissue, including modulation of both NF-kappaB- and glucocorticoids- dependent signaling pathways. Thus, MFs and solar cycles-dependent geomagnetic field fluctuations are capable of altering expression of genes related to function of NF-kappaB, hormones and other biological regulators. Notably, NF-kappaB, along with its significant role in immune response, also participates in differential regulation of influenza virus RNA synthesis. Presented data suggests that in the case of global application (example-geomagnetic field), MF-mediated regulation may have epidemiological and other consequences.
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Balanezhad S, Parivar K, Baharara J, Kouchesfeh H, Ashraf A. The Effect of Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field on Angiogenesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.3923/rjes.2010.300.304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Muehsam DJ, Pilla AA. A Lorentz model for weak magnetic field bioeffects: part II--secondary transduction mechanisms and measures of reactivity. Bioelectromagnetics 2009; 30:476-88. [PMID: 19437458 DOI: 10.1002/bem.20493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In Part I it was shown that the thermal component of the motion of a charged particle in an oscillator potential, that is, within a molecular binding site, rotates at the Larmor frequency in an applied magnetic field. It was also shown that the Larmor angular frequency is independent of the thermal noise strength and thus offers a mechanism for the biological detection of weak (microT-range) magnetic fields. Part II addresses the question of how the Larmor trajectory could affect biological reactivity. The projection of the motion onto a Cartesian axis measures the nonuniformity of the Larmor trajectory in AC and combined AC/DC magnetic fields, suggesting a means of assessing resonances. A physically meaningful measure of reactivity based upon the classical oscillator trajectory is suggested, and the problem of initial conditions is addressed through averaging over AC phases. AC resonance frequencies occur at the Larmor frequency and at other frequencies, and are dependent upon the ratio of AC/DC amplitudes and target kinetics via binding lifetime. The model is compared with experimental data reported for a test of the ion parametric resonance (IPR) model on data from Ca2+ flux in membrane vesicles, neurite outgrowth from PC-12 cells and a cell-free calmodulin-dependent myosin phosphorylation system, and suggests Mg2+ is the target for these systems. The results do not require multiple-ion targets, selection of isotopes, or additional curve fitting. The sole fitting parameter is the binding lifetime of the target system and the results shown are consistent with the literature on binding kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Muehsam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
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