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Balistreri CR, Garagnani P, Madonna R, Vaiserman A, Melino G. Developmental programming of adult haematopoiesis system. Ageing Res Rev 2019; 54:100918. [PMID: 31226498 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2019.100918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The Barker hypothesis of 'foetal origin of adult diseases' has led to emphasize the concept of 'developmental programming', based on the crucial role of epigenetic factors. Accordingly, it has been demonstrated that parental adversity (before conception and during pregnancy) and foetal factors (i.e., hypoxia, malnutrition and placental insufficiency) permanently modify the physiological systems of the progeny, predisposing them to premature ageing and chronic disease during adulthood. Thus, an altered functionality of the endocrine, immune, nervous and cardiovascular systems is observed in the progeny. However, it remains to be understood whether the haematopoietic system itself also represents a portrait of foetal programming. Here, we provide evidence, reporting and discussing related theories, and results of studies described in the literature. In addition, we have outlined our opinions and suggest how it is possible to intervene to correct foetal mal-programming. Some pro-health interventions and recommendations are proposed, with the hope of guarantee the health of future generations and trying to combat the continuous increase in age-related diseases in human populations.
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Agnew EJ, Ivy JR, Stock SJ, Chapman KE. Glucocorticoids, antenatal corticosteroid therapy and fetal heart maturation. J Mol Endocrinol 2018; 61:R61-R73. [PMID: 29720513 PMCID: PMC5976079 DOI: 10.1530/jme-18-0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are essential in mammals to mature fetal organs and tissues in order to survive after birth. Hence, antenatal glucocorticoid treatment (termed antenatal corticosteroid therapy) can be life-saving in preterm babies and is commonly used in women at risk of preterm birth. While the effects of glucocorticoids on lung maturation have been well described, the effects on the fetal heart remain less clear. Experiments in mice have shown that endogenous glucocorticoid action is required to mature the fetal heart. However, whether the potent synthetic glucocorticoids used in antenatal corticosteroid therapy have similar maturational effects on the fetal heart is less clear. Moreover, antenatal corticosteroid therapy may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Here, we present a narrative review of the evidence relating to the effects of antenatal glucocorticoid action on the fetal heart and discuss the implications for antenatal corticosteroid therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma J Agnew
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of Edinburgh, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jessica R Ivy
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of Edinburgh, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sarah J Stock
- MRC Centre for Reproductive HealthUniversity of Edinburgh, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Karen E Chapman
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of Edinburgh, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
- Correspondence should be addressed to K E Chapman:
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Drenckhahn JD, Strasen J, Heinecke K, Langner P, Yin KV, Skole F, Hennig M, Spallek B, Fischer R, Blaschke F, Heuser A, Cox TC, Black MJ, Thierfelder L. Impaired myocardial development resulting in neonatal cardiac hypoplasia alters postnatal growth and stress response in the heart. Cardiovasc Res 2015; 106:43-54. [PMID: 25661081 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvv028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Foetal growth has been proposed to influence cardiovascular health in adulthood, a process referred to as foetal programming. Indeed, intrauterine growth restriction in animal models alters heart size and cardiomyocyte number in the perinatal period, yet the consequences for the adult or challenged heart are largely unknown. The aim of this study was to elucidate postnatal myocardial growth pattern, left ventricular function, and stress response in the adult heart after neonatal cardiac hypoplasia in mice. METHODS AND RESULTS Utilizing a new mouse model of impaired cardiac development leading to fully functional but hypoplastic hearts at birth, we show that myocardial mass is normalized until early adulthood by accelerated physiological cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Compensatory hypertrophy, however, cannot be maintained upon ageing, resulting in reduced organ size without maladaptive myocardial remodelling. Angiotensin II stress revealed aberrant cardiomyocyte growth kinetics in adult hearts after neonatal hypoplasia compared with normally developed controls, characterized by reversible overshooting hypertrophy. This exaggerated growth mainly depends on STAT3, whose inhibition during angiotensin II treatment reduces left ventricular mass in both groups but causes contractile dysfunction in developmentally impaired hearts only. Whereas JAK/STAT3 inhibition reduces cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area in the latter, it prevents fibrosis in control hearts, indicating fundamentally different mechanisms of action. CONCLUSION Impaired prenatal development leading to neonatal cardiac hypoplasia alters postnatal cardiac growth and stress response in vivo, thereby linking foetal programming to organ size control in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg-Detlef Drenckhahn
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, Berlin 13125, Germany
| | - Jette Strasen
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, Berlin 13125, Germany
| | - Kirsten Heinecke
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, Berlin 13125, Germany
| | - Patrick Langner
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, Berlin 13125, Germany
| | - Kom Voy Yin
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Friederike Skole
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, Berlin 13125, Germany
| | - Maria Hennig
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, Berlin 13125, Germany
| | - Bastian Spallek
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité Medical Faculty, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Fischer
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité Medical Faculty, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Blaschke
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, Berlin 13125, Germany Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Medizinische Klinik mit Schwerpunkt Kardiologie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Arnd Heuser
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, Berlin 13125, Germany
| | - Timothy C Cox
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, USA Center of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, USA
| | - Mary Jane Black
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ludwig Thierfelder
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, Berlin 13125, Germany
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Gaillard R, Steegers EAP, Tiemeier H, Hofman A, Jaddoe VWV. Placental vascular dysfunction, fetal and childhood growth, and cardiovascular development: the generation R study. Circulation 2013; 128:2202-10. [PMID: 24135069 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.113.003881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suboptimal fetal nutrition may influence early growth and cardiovascular development. We examined whether umbilical and uterine artery resistance indices, as measures of feto-placental and utero-placental vascular function, respectively, are associated with fetal and childhood growth and cardiovascular development. METHODS AND RESULTS This study was embedded in a population-based prospective cohort study among 6716 mothers and their children. Umbilical artery pulsatility index and uterine artery resistance index and fetal growth were measured in third trimester. Childhood growth was repeatedly assessed from birth to the age of 6 years. We measured body fat distribution, left ventricular mass, and blood pressure at the age of 6 years. Higher third trimester umbilical and uterine artery vascular resistance were associated with lower fetal length and weight growth in third trimester resulting in a smaller size at birth among boys and girls (P values < 0.05). These differences in length and weight growth became smaller from the age of 6 months onwards, but were still present at the age of 6 years. Higher third trimester umbilical artery vascular resistance, but not uterine artery vascular resistance, was associated with higher childhood body mass index, total fat mass, android/gynoid fat mass ratio, and systolic blood pressure, and with a lower left ventricular mass (P values<0.05). These associations were not explained by birth weight. Stronger associations tended to be present among girls as compared with boys. CONCLUSIONS Higher third trimester feto-placental vascular resistance, but not utero-placental vascular resistance, was associated with slower fetal growth rates and cardiovascular adaptations in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romy Gaillard
- Generation R Study Group (R.G., V.W.V.J.) and the Departments of Epidemiology (R.G., H.T., A.H., V.W.V.J.), Paediatrics (R.G., V.W.V.J.), Obstetrics and Gynaecology (E.A.P.S.), and Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (H.T.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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