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Sankaranarayanan SA, Yadav DN, Yadav S, Srivastava A, Pramatha SR, Kotagiri VR, Joshi H, Rengan AK. Tailoring Phage Nanosomes for Enhanced Theranostic Properties of Near Infrared Dyes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024. [PMID: 39074245 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Near-infrared (NIR) phototherapies offer noninvasive, cost-effective solutions for treating tumors and microbial infections. However, organic NIR dyes commonly used suffer from solubility and stability issues requiring frequent dosing. We address this challenge by exploring the bacteriophage-mediated enhancement of NIR dye properties. Upon encapsulation within phage nanosomes, IR780 and Indocyanine green (ICG), with similar optical properties but distinct water solubility and exhibit enhanced UV-vis absorbance and photothermal transduction efficacy compared to liposomes. Experimental characterization corroborated with all-atom molecular dynamics simulations imprints the nanoscale structure, solubility, dynamics, and binding of these NIR dye molecules to the membrane and protein molecules present in Phage capsid. These NIR dye-loaded phage nanosomes, coencapsulated with mitoxantrone, demonstrate enhanced anticancer activity, and when combined with amphotericin B, these dye molecules exhibit superior photothermal effects against fungal infections. Our findings present a simple and efficient approach for tuning the photothermal performance of existing NIR dyes through a rational design for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Saanya Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology, IIT Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana 502284, India
| | - Aditya Srivastava
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, IIT Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana 502284, India
| | | | | | - Himanshu Joshi
- Department of Biotechnology, IIT Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana 502284, India
| | - Aravind Kumar Rengan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, IIT Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana 502284, India
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2
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Singh RP, Bhardwaj A. β-glucans: a potential source for maintaining gut microbiota and the immune system. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1143682. [PMID: 37215217 PMCID: PMC10198134 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1143682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The human gastrointestinal (GI) tract holds a complex and dynamic population of microbial communities, which exerts a marked influence on the host physiology during homeostasis and disease conditions. Diet is considered one of the main factors in structuring the gut microbiota across a lifespan. Intestinal microbial communities play a vital role in sustaining immune and metabolic homeostasis as well as protecting against pathogens. The negatively altered gut bacterial composition has related to many inflammatory diseases and infections. β-glucans are a heterogeneous assemblage of glucose polymers with a typical structure comprising a leading chain of β-(1,4) and/or β-(1,3)-glucopyranosyl units with various branches and lengths as a side chain. β-glucans bind to specific receptors on immune cells and initiate immune responses. However, β-glucans from different sources differ in their structures, conformation, physical properties, and binding affinity to receptors. How these properties modulate biological functions in terms of molecular mechanisms is not known in many examples. This review provides a critical understanding of the structures of β-glucans and their functions for modulating the gut microbiota and immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravindra Pal Singh
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Gujarat Biotechnology University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
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3
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Liu Y, Pei Z, Pan T, Wang H, Chen W, Lu W. Indole metabolites and colorectal cancer: Gut microbial tryptophan metabolism, host gut microbiome biomarkers, and potential intervention mechanisms. Microbiol Res 2023; 272:127392. [PMID: 37119643 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Tryptophan (Trp) functions in host-disease interactions. Its metabolism is a multi-pathway process. Indole and its derivatives are Trp metabolites unique to the human gut microbiota. Changes in Trp metabolism have also been detected in colorectal cancer (CRC). Here, combined with the existing CRC biomarkers, we ascribed it to the altered bacteria having the indole-producing ability by making a genomic prediction. We also reviewed the anti-inflammatory and possible anti-cancer mechanisms of indoles, including their effects on tumor cells, the ability to repair the gut barrier, regulation of the host immune system, and provide resistance against oxidative stress. Indole and its derivatives, along with related bacteria, could be targeted as auxiliary strategies to restrain cancer development in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Zhangming Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Tong Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Hongchao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Wenwei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
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4
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Tajasuwan L, Kettawan A, Rungruang T, Wunjuntuk K, Prombutara P. Role of Dietary Defatted Rice Bran in the Modulation of Gut Microbiota in AOM/DSS-Induced Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer Rat Model. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061528. [PMID: 36986258 PMCID: PMC10052090 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Defatted rice bran (DRB) is a by-product of rice bran derived after the oil extraction. DRB contains several bioactive compounds, including dietary fiber and phytochemicals. The supplementation with DRB manifests chemopreventive effects in terms of anti-chronic inflammation, anti-cell proliferation, and anti-tumorigenesis in the azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CRC) model in rats. However, little is known about its effect on gut microbiota. Herein, we investigated the effect of DRB on gut microbiota and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, colonic goblet cell loss, and mucus layer thickness in the AOM/DSS-induced colitis-associated CRC rat model. The results suggested that DRB enhanced the production of beneficial bacteria (Alloprevotella, Prevotellaceae UCG-001, Ruminococcus, Roseburia, Butyricicoccus) and lessened the production of harmful bacteria (Turicibacter, Clostridium sensu stricto 1, Escherichia-Shigella, Citrobacter) present in colonic feces, mucosa, and tumors. In addition, DRB also assisted the cecal SCFAs (acetate, propionate, butyrate) production. Furthermore, DRB restored goblet cell loss and improved the thickness of the mucus layer in colonic tissue. These findings suggested that DRB could be used as a prebiotic supplement to modulate gut microbiota dysbiosis, which decreases the risks of CRC, therefore encouraging further research on the utilization of DRB in various nutritional health products to promote the health-beneficial bacteria in the colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laleewan Tajasuwan
- Graduate Student in Doctor of Philosophy Program in Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital and Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Aikkarach Kettawan
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Thanaporn Rungruang
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Kansuda Wunjuntuk
- Department of Home Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Pinidphon Prombutara
- OMICS Sciences and Bioinformatics Center, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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5
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Pandey H, Tang DWT, Wong SH, Lal D. Gut Microbiota in Colorectal Cancer: Biological Role and Therapeutic Opportunities. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030866. [PMID: 36765824 PMCID: PMC9913759 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second-leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. While CRC is thought to be an interplay between genetic and environmental factors, several lines of evidence suggest the involvement of gut microbiota in promoting inflammation and tumor progression. Gut microbiota refer to the ~40 trillion microorganisms that inhabit the human gut. Advances in next-generation sequencing technologies and metagenomics have provided new insights into the gut microbial ecology and have helped in linking gut microbiota to CRC. Many studies carried out in humans and animal models have emphasized the role of certain gut bacteria, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum, enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis, and colibactin-producing Escherichia coli, in the onset and progression of CRC. Metagenomic studies have opened up new avenues for the application of gut microbiota in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of CRC. This review article summarizes the role of gut microbiota in CRC development and its use as a biomarker to predict the disease and its potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himani Pandey
- Redcliffe Labs, Electronic City, Noida 201301, India
| | - Daryl W. T. Tang
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore
| | - Sunny H. Wong
- Centre for Microbiome Medicine, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore
- Correspondence: (S.H.W.); (D.L.)
| | - Devi Lal
- Department of Zoology, Ramjas College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
- Correspondence: (S.H.W.); (D.L.)
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6
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Kashyap S, Pal S, Chandan G, Saini V, Chakrabarti S, Saini NK, Mittal A, Thakur VK, Saini AK, Saini RV. Understanding the cross-talk between human microbiota and gastrointestinal cancer for developing potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:643-651. [PMID: 33971261 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The interaction between gut microbes and gastrointestinal (GI) tract carcinogenesis has always attracted researchers' attention to identify therapeutic targets or potential prognostic biomarkers. Various studies have suggested that the microbiota do show inflammation and immune dysregulation, which led to carcinogenesis in GI tract. In this review, we have focused on the role of microbes present in the gut, intestine, or faeces in GI tract cancers, including esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, and colorectal cancer. Herein, we have discussed the importance of the microbes and their metabolites, which could serve as diagnostic biomarkers for cancer detection, especially in the early stage, and prognostic markers. To maximize the effect of the treatment strategies, an accurate evaluation of the prognosis is imperative for clinicians. There is a vast difference in the microbiota profiles within a population and across the populations depending upon age, diet, lifestyle, genetic makeup, use of antibiotics, and environmental factors. Therefore, the diagnostic efficiency of the microbial markers needs to be further validated. A deeper understanding of the GI cancer and the host microbiota is needed to acquire pivotal information about disease status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheetal Kashyap
- Department of Biotechnology, MMEC, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, 133207, Haryana, India
| | - Soumya Pal
- Department of Biotechnology, MMEC, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, 133207, Haryana, India
| | - Gourav Chandan
- Central Research Cell, MM Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, 133207, Haryana, India
| | - Vipin Saini
- Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Solan, 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Sasanka Chakrabarti
- Central Research Cell, MM Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, 133207, Haryana, India
| | - Neeraj K Saini
- Department of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Amit Mittal
- Central Research Cell, MM Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, 133207, Haryana, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Thakur
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, Edinburgh, EH9 3JG, UK
| | - Adesh K Saini
- Department of Biotechnology, MMEC, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, 133207, Haryana, India.
| | - Reena V Saini
- Department of Biotechnology, MMEC, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, 133207, Haryana, India.
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7
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Chaudhry R, Bamola VD, Kapardar R, Lal B, Sharma A. A metagenomic assessment of gut microbiota in Indian colon cancer patients. J Cancer Res Ther 2022; 18:96-102. [DOI: 10.4103/0973-1482.341139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Narayanan AP, Latika A, Nair AS, Ajeesh P, Kumar NS, Babu M. Role of Gut Microbiota in Human Health and Diseases. CURRENT NUTRITION & FOOD SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1573401316999200930130101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Every human body has a gut microbiome, which is a complex collection of microorganisms
that live in the digestive tracts. The composition of the gut flora changes over time, when
diet changes, overall health changes. Intestinal flora hosts more amounts of the microbes when
compared to stomach flora as it is less vulnerable to the acidity of the gastric mucosa. Intestinal flora
plays a major role in balancing the immune function as well as metabolic homeostasis, regulating
inflammation, increasing mineral bioavailability, synthesizing neurotransmitters, regulating
appetite and blood sugar and protecting against pathogens. Dysbiosis in the gut leads to various gastrointestinal
disorders like inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, peptic ulcer,
metabolic syndromes like obesity, diabetes and various neurological disorders like autism, multiple
sclerosis. Therefore, the complete wellness of our body is dependent on the microbial composition
of the gut. Probiotics and prebiotic foods can add as a key element supplementing the wellness of
our body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athira P. Narayanan
- Department of Pharmacology, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Kochi-682041, Kerala, India
| | - Ankitha Latika
- Department of Pharmacology, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Kochi-682041, Kerala, India
| | - Anjali S. Nair
- Department of Pharmacology, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Kochi-682041, Kerala, India
| | - Pooja Ajeesh
- Department of Pharmacology, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Kochi-682041, Kerala, India
| | - Nirdesh S. Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Kochi-682041, Kerala, India
| | - Merin Babu
- Department of Pharmacology, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Kochi-682041, Kerala, India
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9
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Han S, Zhuang J, Wu Y, Wu W, Yang X. Progress in Research on Colorectal Cancer-Related Microorganisms and Metabolites. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:8703-8720. [PMID: 33061569 PMCID: PMC7518784 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s268943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal flora is an important component in the human body, which have been reported to be involved in the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer (CRC). Indeed, changes in the intestinal flora in CRC patients compared to those in control subjects have been reported. Several bacterial species have been shown to exhibit the pro-inflammatory and pro-carcinogenic properties, which could consequently have an impact on colorectal carcinogenesis. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the potential links between the intestinal microbiota and CRC. We illustrated the mechanisms by which intestinal flora imbalance affects CRC, mainly focusing on inflammation, microbial metabolites, and specific bacteria species. In addition, we discuss how a diet exhibits a strong impact on microbial composition and provides risks for developing CRC. Finally, we describe the potential future directions that are based on intestinal microbiota manipulation for CRC diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwen Han
- Department of Oncology, Huzhou Cent Hospital, Affiliated Cent Hospital HuZhou University, Huzhou 313000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhuang
- Graduate School of Nursing, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinhang Wu
- Graduate School of Second Clinical Medicine Faculty, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huzhou Cent Hospital, Affiliated Cent Hospital HuZhou University, Huzhou 313000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Oncology, Huzhou Cent Hospital, Affiliated Cent Hospital HuZhou University, Huzhou 313000, People's Republic of China
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10
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Yu X, Gurry T, Nguyen LTT, Richardson HS, Alm EJ. Prebiotics and Community Composition Influence Gas Production of the Human Gut Microbiota. mBio 2020; 11:e00217-20. [PMID: 32900799 PMCID: PMC7482059 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00217-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Prebiotics confer benefits to human health, often by promoting the growth of gut bacteria that produce metabolites valuable to the human body, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). While prebiotic selection has strongly focused on maximizing the production of SCFAs, less attention has been paid to gases, a by-product of SCFA production that also has physiological effects on the human body. Here, we investigate how the content and volume of gas production by human gut microbiota are affected by the chemical composition of the prebiotic and the community composition of the microbiota. We first constructed a linear system model based on mass and electron balance and compared the theoretical product ranges of two prebiotics, inulin and pectin. Modeling shows that pectin is more restricted in product space, with less potential for H2 but more potential for CO2 production. An ex vivo experimental system showed pectin degradation produced significantly less H2 than inulin, but CO2 production fell outside the theoretical product range, suggesting fermentation of fecal debris. Microbial community composition also impacted results: methane production was dependent on the presence of Methanobacteria, while interindividual differences in H2 production during inulin degradation were driven by a Lachnospiraceae taxon. Overall, these results suggest that both the chemistry of the prebiotic and the composition of the microbiota are relevant to gas production. Metabolic processes that are relatively prevalent in the microbiome, such as H2 production, will depend more on substrate, while rare metabolisms such as methanogenesis depend more strongly on microbiome composition.IMPORTANCE Prebiotic fermentation in the gut often leads to the coproduction of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and gases. While excess gas production can be a potential problem for those with functional gut disorders, gas production is rarely considered during prebiotic design. In this study, we combined the use of theoretical models and an ex vivo experimental platform to illustrate that both the chemical composition of the prebiotic and the community composition of the human gut microbiota can affect the volume and content of gas production during prebiotic fermentation. Specifically, more prevalent metabolic processes such as hydrogen production were strongly affected by the oxidation state of the probiotic, while rare metabolisms such as methane production were less affected by the chemical nature of the substrate and entirely dependent on the presence of Methanobacteria in the microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Yu
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Thomas Gurry
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Pharmaceutical Biochemistry Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Le Thanh Tu Nguyen
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hunter S Richardson
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eric J Alm
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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11
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Sanyaolu LN, Oakley NJ, Nurmatov U, Dolwani S, Ahmed H. Antibiotic exposure and the risk of colorectal adenoma and carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Colorectal Dis 2020; 22:858-870. [PMID: 31802593 DOI: 10.1111/codi.14921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM The Incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasing, and evidence suggests that maladaptation of the bowel microbiome may be associated with colorectal carcinogenesis. Consumption of antibiotics may cause imbalance of the bowel microbiome but research assessing an association between antibiotic exposure and CRC is inconsistent. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to appraise and synthesize the available evidence. METHOD The MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL databases were searched for published observational studies. We included eight studies of 3 408 312 patients. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the odds of CRC following antibiotic exposure were estimated. Sensitivity analyses were performed according to exposure definition, study design and risk of bias. RESULTS A weak association between antibiotic exposure and CRC was demonstrated when exposure was assessed cumulatively by the number of prescriptions (OR 1.204, 95% CI 1.097-1.322, P < 0.001) or duration of antibiotic exposure (OR 1.168, 95% CI 1.087-1.256, P < 0.001). Antibiotic exposure assessed as a binary variable demonstrated no association with CRC. CONCLUSION The findings suggest a weak association between cumulative antibiotic consumption and risk of CRC but no causal conclusions can be made. Limitations include the heterogeneity and quality of the available research, particularly with regard to measurement of antibiotic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- L N Sanyaolu
- Division of Population Medicine, Neuadd Meirionnydd, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - N J Oakley
- Division of Population Medicine, Neuadd Meirionnydd, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - U Nurmatov
- Division of Population Medicine, Neuadd Meirionnydd, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - S Dolwani
- Division of Population Medicine, Neuadd Meirionnydd, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - H Ahmed
- Division of Population Medicine, Neuadd Meirionnydd, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
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12
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Wieczorska K, Stolarek M, Stec R. The Role of the Gut Microbiome in Colorectal Cancer: Where Are We? Where Are We Going? Clin Colorectal Cancer 2020; 19:5-12. [PMID: 31678050 DOI: 10.1016/j.clcc.2019.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Microbiome (microbiota) is a community of all microorganisms inhabiting a specific site of the body, including pathogens, which distinguishes it from the physiological microflora. Intestinal dysbiosis plays a key role in the development of colorectal cancer. In the process of carcinogenesis, inflammation, immune response, and toxic metabolites play a significant role. Specific species of bacteria might affect the risk of colorectal cancer and growth of tumor already present. Assessment of changes in the intestinal microbiome during the development and progression of colorectal cancer might create a simple diagnostic tool, a useful biomarker, or might influence treatment strategies in colorectal cancer patients. Analysis of the gut microbiome provides the potential to develop noninvasive diagnostic tests that would be useful as new protective markers of colorectal cancer, prognostic markers in already present colorectal cancer, and predictive markers of response to treatment, especially immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rafał Stec
- Department of Oncology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
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13
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Xu SY, Chen XQ, Liu Y, Cheong KL. Ultrasonic/microwave-assisted extraction, simulated digestion, and fermentation in vitro by human intestinal flora of polysaccharides from Porphyra haitanensis. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 152:748-756. [PMID: 32114171 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we employed a response surface methodology to optimize the ultrasonic/microwave-assisted extraction (UMAE) conditions of Porphyra haitanensis polysaccharides (PHP), and subjected it to a stimulated in vitro digestion and fermentation model in order to investigate the digestion properties of PHP and the effects on human intestinal flora. The optimum extraction conditions consisted of an extraction time of 29.64 min, extraction temperature of 79.94 °C, and solid-liquid ratio of 1:41.79 g/mL. Under these conditions, the maximum yield of PHP predicted was 20.98%. The ζ-potential and thermal properties analysis verified that PHP was a negatively charged polymer, and possessed good thermal stability. Meanwhile, PHP was not digested in vitro by human saliva, simulated gastric and small intestinal juice. Furthermore, PHP modulated the microbiome structure, mainly increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroides and decreasing in the Escherichia_Shigella group. LEfSe analysis illustrated that Bacteroides, Lachnospiraceae_UCG_006 and Bacteroidales_S24_7_group could serve as potential biomarkers for the PHP supplement. This current study proved that the UMAE method was a highly efficient method to extract PHP to the maximum extent, and also provided insight concerning the stability performance of PHP and its prospects for application as a prebiotics candidate in the functional food industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ying Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, STU-UNIVPM Joint Algal Research Center, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Xian-Qiang Chen
- Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, Guangxi, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, STU-UNIVPM Joint Algal Research Center, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Kit-Leong Cheong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, STU-UNIVPM Joint Algal Research Center, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, Guangdong, PR China.
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14
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Garza DR, Taddese R, Wirbel J, Zeller G, Boleij A, Huynen MA, Dutilh BE. Metabolic models predict bacterial passengers in colorectal cancer. Cancer Metab 2020; 8:3. [PMID: 32055399 PMCID: PMC7008539 DOI: 10.1186/s40170-020-0208-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a complex multifactorial disease. Increasing evidence suggests that the microbiome is involved in different stages of CRC initiation and progression. Beyond specific pro-oncogenic mechanisms found in pathogens, metagenomic studies indicate the existence of a microbiome signature, where particular bacterial taxa are enriched in the metagenomes of CRC patients. Here, we investigate to what extent the abundance of bacterial taxa in CRC metagenomes can be explained by the growth advantage resulting from the presence of specific CRC metabolites in the tumor microenvironment. METHODS We composed lists of metabolites and bacteria that are enriched on CRC samples by reviewing metabolomics experimental literature and integrating data from metagenomic case-control studies. We computationally evaluated the growth effect of CRC enriched metabolites on over 1500 genome-based metabolic models of human microbiome bacteria. We integrated the metabolomics data and the mechanistic models by using scores that quantify the response of bacterial biomass production to CRC-enriched metabolites and used these scores to rank bacteria as potential CRC passengers. RESULTS We found that metabolic networks of bacteria that are significantly enriched in CRC metagenomic samples either depend on metabolites that are more abundant in CRC samples or specifically benefit from these metabolites for biomass production. This suggests that metabolic alterations in the cancer environment are a major component shaping the CRC microbiome. CONCLUSION Here, we show with in sillico models that supplementing the intestinal environment with CRC metabolites specifically predicts the outgrowth of CRC-associated bacteria. We thus mechanistically explain why a range of CRC passenger bacteria are associated with CRC, enhancing our understanding of this disease. Our methods are applicable to other microbial communities, since it allows the systematic investigation of how shifts in the microbiome can be explained from changes in the metabolome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R. Garza
- Centre for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Postbus 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rahwa Taddese
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Postbus 9101, 6500 Nijmegen, HB Netherlands
| | - Jakob Wirbel
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Structural and Computational Biology Unit, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Georg Zeller
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Structural and Computational Biology Unit, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Annemarie Boleij
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Postbus 9101, 6500 Nijmegen, HB Netherlands
| | - Martijn A. Huynen
- Centre for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Postbus 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bas E. Dutilh
- Centre for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Postbus 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics, Sience4Life, Utrecht University, Hugo R. Kruytgebouw, Room Z-509, Padualaan 8, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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15
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Tarashi S, Siadat SD, Ahmadi Badi S, Zali M, Biassoni R, Ponzoni M, Moshiri A. Gut Bacteria and their Metabolites: Which One Is the Defendant for Colorectal Cancer? Microorganisms 2019; 7:E561. [PMID: 31766208 PMCID: PMC6920974 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7110561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a worldwide health concern which requires efficient therapeutic strategies. The mechanisms underlying CRC remain an essential subject of investigations in the cancer biology field. The evaluation of human microbiota can be critical in this regard, since the disruption of the normal community of gut bacteria is an important issue in the development of CRC. However, several studies have already evaluated the different aspects of the association between microbiota and CRC. The current study aimed at reviewing and summarizing most of the studies on the modifications of gut bacteria detected in stool and tissue samples of CRC cases. In addition, the importance of metabolites derived from gut bacteria, their relationship with the microbiota, and epigenetic modifications have been evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Tarashi
- Microbiology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, 1316943551 Tehran, Iran; (S.T.); (S.D.S.); (S.A.B.)
- Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, 1316943551 Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Davar Siadat
- Microbiology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, 1316943551 Tehran, Iran; (S.T.); (S.D.S.); (S.A.B.)
- Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, 1316943551 Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Ahmadi Badi
- Microbiology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, 1316943551 Tehran, Iran; (S.T.); (S.D.S.); (S.A.B.)
- Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, 1316943551 Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Zali
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 19857-17411 Tehran, Iran;
| | - Roberto Biassoni
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, IRCCS Instituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy;
| | - Mirco Ponzoni
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapies in Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Arfa Moshiri
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 19857-17411 Tehran, Iran;
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapies in Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
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16
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Zhuang H, Cheng L, Wang Y, Zhang YK, Zhao MF, Liang GD, Zhang MC, Li YG, Zhao JB, Gao YN, Zhou YJ, Liu SL. Dysbiosis of the Gut Microbiome in Lung Cancer. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2019; 9:112. [PMID: 31065547 PMCID: PMC6489541 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) is one of the most serious malignant tumors, which has the fastest growing morbidity and mortality worldwide. A role of the lung microbiota in LC pathogenesis has been analyzed, but a comparable role of the gut microbiota has not yet been investigated. In this study, the gut microbiota of 30 LC patients and 30 healthy controls were examined via next-generation sequencing of 16S rRNA and analyzed for diversity and biomarkers. We found that there was no decrease in significant microbial diversity (alpha diversity) in LC patients compared to controls (P observed = 0.1422), while the composition (beta diversity) differed significantly between patients and controls (phylum [stress = 0.153], class [stress = 0.16], order [stress = 0.146], family [stress = 0.153]). Controls had a higher abundance of the bacterial phylum Actinobacteria and genus Bifidobacterium, while patients with LC showed elevated levels of Enterococcus. These bacteria were found as possible biomarkers for LC. A decline of normal function of the gut microbiome in LC patients was also observed. These results provide the basic guidance for a systematic, multilayered assessment of the role of the gut microbiome in LC, which has a promising potential for early prevention and targeted intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Zhuang
- Systemomics Center, College of Pharmacy, and Genomics Research Center (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,HMU-UCCSM Centre for Infection and Genomics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Liang Cheng
- Systemomics Center, College of Pharmacy, and Genomics Research Center (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Systemomics Center, College of Pharmacy, and Genomics Research Center (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,HMU-UCCSM Centre for Infection and Genomics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yu-Kun Zhang
- Systemomics Center, College of Pharmacy, and Genomics Research Center (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,HMU-UCCSM Centre for Infection and Genomics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China.,Department of Colorectal Cancer, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Man-Fei Zhao
- Systemomics Center, College of Pharmacy, and Genomics Research Center (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,HMU-UCCSM Centre for Infection and Genomics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China.,Department of Epidemiology, Public Health School, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Gong-Da Liang
- Systemomics Center, College of Pharmacy, and Genomics Research Center (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,HMU-UCCSM Centre for Infection and Genomics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China.,Department of Epidemiology, Public Health School, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Meng-Chun Zhang
- Systemomics Center, College of Pharmacy, and Genomics Research Center (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,HMU-UCCSM Centre for Infection and Genomics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yong-Guo Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jing-Bo Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, Public Health School, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yi-Na Gao
- Department of Respiration, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yu-Jie Zhou
- Systemomics Center, College of Pharmacy, and Genomics Research Center (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,HMU-UCCSM Centre for Infection and Genomics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Shu-Lin Liu
- Systemomics Center, College of Pharmacy, and Genomics Research Center (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,HMU-UCCSM Centre for Infection and Genomics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China.,Department of Epidemiology, Public Health School, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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17
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Wang G, Yu Y, Wang YZ, Wang JJ, Guan R, Sun Y, Shi F, Gao J, Fu XL. Role of SCFAs in gut microbiome and glycolysis for colorectal cancer therapy. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:17023-17049. [PMID: 30888065 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) is associated with altered intestinal microbiota as well as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) reduction of output The energy source of colon cells relies mainly on three SCFAs, namely butyrate (BT), propionate, and acetate, while CRC transformed cells rely mainly on aerobic glycolysis to provide energy. This review summarizes recent research results for dysregulated glucose metabolism of SCFAs, which could be initiated by gut microbiome of CRC. Moreover, the relationship between SCFA transporters and glycolysis, which may correlate with the initiation and progression of CRC, are also discussed. Additionally, this review explores the linkage of BT to transport of SCFAs expressions between normal and cancerous colonocyte cell growth for tumorigenesis inhibition in CRC. Furthermore, the link between gut microbiota and SCFAs in the metabolism of CRC, in addition, the proteins and genes related to SCFAs-mediated signaling pathways, coupled with their correlation with the initiation and progression of CRC are also discussed. Therefore, targeting the SCFA transporters to regulate lactate generation and export of BT, as well as applying SCFAs or gut microbiota and natural compounds for chemoprevention may be clinically useful for CRCs treatment. Future research should focus on the combination these therapeutic agents with metabolic inhibitors to effectively target the tumor SCFAs and regulate the bacterial ecology for activation of potent anticancer effect, which may provide more effective application prospect for CRC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu-Zhu Wang
- Department of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun-Jie Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Guan
- Information Resources Department, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Information Resources Department, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Feng Shi
- Department of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xing-Li Fu
- Department of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
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18
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Megat Mohd Azlan PIH, Chin SF, Low TY, Neoh HM, Jamal R. Analyzing the Secretome of Gut Microbiota as the Next Strategy For Early Detection of Colorectal Cancer. Proteomics 2019; 19:e1800176. [PMID: 30557447 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201800176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Dysbiosis of gut microbiome can contribute to inflammation, and subsequently initiation and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). Throughout these stages, various proteins and metabolites are secreted to the external environment by microorganisms or the hosts themselves. Studying these proteins may help enhance our understanding of the host-microorganism relationship or they may even serve as useful biomarkers for CRC. However, secretomic studies of gut microbiome of CRC patients, until now, are scarcely performed. In this review article, the focus is on the roles of gut microbiome in CRC, the current findings on CRC secretome are highlighted, and the emerging challenges and strategies to drive forward this area of research are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Siok-Fong Chin
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Teck Yew Low
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hui-Min Neoh
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rahman Jamal
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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19
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Zhang HL, Zhang AH, Miao JH, Sun H, Yan GL, Wu FF, Wang XJ. Targeting regulation of tryptophan metabolism for colorectal cancer therapy: a systematic review. RSC Adv 2019; 9:3072-3080. [PMID: 35518968 PMCID: PMC9060217 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra08520j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most malignant cancers resulting from abnormal metabolism alterations. As one of the essential amino acids, tryptophan has a variety of physiological functions, closely related to regulation of immune system, central nervous system, gastrointestinal nervous system and intestinal microflora. Colorectal cancer, a type of high-grade malignancy disease, stems from a variety of factors and often accompanies inflammatory reactions, dysbacteriosis, and metabolic disorders. Colorectal cancer accompanies inflammation and imbalance of intestinal microbiota and affects tryptophan metabolism. It is known that metabolites, rate-limiting enzymes, and ARH in tryptophan metabolism are associated with the development of CRC. Specifically, IDO1 may be a potential therapeutic target in colorectal cancer treatment. Furthermore, the reduction of tryptophan amount is proportional to the poor quality of life for colorectal cancer patients. This paper aims to discuss the role of tryptophan metabolism in a normal organism and investigate the relationship between this amino acid and colorectal cancer. This study is expected to provide theoretical support for research related to targeted therapy for colorectal cancer. Furthermore, strategies that modify tryptophan metabolism, effectively inhibiting tumor progression, may be more effective for CRC treatment. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most malignant cancers resulting from abnormal metabolism alterations.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-lian Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for the Development of Southwestern Endangered Medicinal Materials
- Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plant
- Nanning
- China
- Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center
| | - Ai-hua Zhang
- Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center
- National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry
- Chinmedomics Research Center of State Administration of TCM
- Laboratory of Metabolomics
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
| | - Jian-hua Miao
- National Engineering Laboratory for the Development of Southwestern Endangered Medicinal Materials
- Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plant
- Nanning
- China
| | - Hui Sun
- Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center
- National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry
- Chinmedomics Research Center of State Administration of TCM
- Laboratory of Metabolomics
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
| | - Guang-li Yan
- Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center
- National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry
- Chinmedomics Research Center of State Administration of TCM
- Laboratory of Metabolomics
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
| | - Fang-fang Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for the Development of Southwestern Endangered Medicinal Materials
- Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plant
- Nanning
- China
- Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center
| | - Xi-jun Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for the Development of Southwestern Endangered Medicinal Materials
- Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plant
- Nanning
- China
- Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center
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20
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Cani PD, Jordan BF. Gut microbiota-mediated inflammation in obesity: a link with gastrointestinal cancer. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 15:671-682. [PMID: 29844585 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-018-0025-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Overweight and obesity are associated with increased risk of developing metabolic disorders such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. However, besides these metabolic diseases, excess body weight is also associated with different cancers, including gastrointestinal cancers, such as liver, pancreatic and colon cancers. Inflammation is a common feature of both obesity and cancer; however, the origin of this inflammation has been largely debated. Over the past decade, growing evidence has shown that the composition of the gut microbiota and its activity might be associated not only with the onset of inflammation but also with metabolic disorders and cancer. Here, we review the links between the gut microbiota, gut barrier function and the onset of low-grade inflammation in the development of gastrointestinal cancer. We also describe the mechanisms by which specific microorganism-associated molecular patterns crosstalk with the immune system and how the metabolic activity of bacteria induces specific signalling pathways beyond the gut that eventually trigger carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrice D Cani
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO (Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Benedicte F Jordan
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Research Group, Brussels, Belgium
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21
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Zou S, Fang L, Lee MH. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota in promoting the development of colorectal cancer. Gastroenterol Rep (Oxf) 2018; 6:1-12. [PMID: 29479437 PMCID: PMC5806407 DOI: 10.1093/gastro/gox031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal microbiome, containing at least 100 trillion bacteria, resides in the mucosal surface of human intestine. Recent studies show that perturbations in the microbiota may influence physiology and link to a number of diseases, including colon tumorigenesis. Colorectal cancer (CRC), the third most common cancer, is the disease resulting from multi-genes and multi-factors, but the mechanistic details between gut microenvironment and CRC remain poorly characterized. Thanks to new technologies such as metagenome sequencing, progress in large-scale analysis of the genetic and metabolic profile of gut microbial has been possible, which has facilitated studies about microbiota composition, taxonomic alterations and host interactions. Different bacterial species and their metabolites play critical roles in the development of CRC. Also, microbiota is important in the inflammatory response and immune processes deregulation during the development and progression of CRC. This review summarizes current studies regarding the association between gastrointestinal microbiota and the development of CRC, which provides insights into the therapeutic strategy of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaomin Zou
- Research Institute of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510020, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510020, China
| | - Lekun Fang
- Research Institute of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510020, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510020, China
| | - Mong-Hong Lee
- Research Institute of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510020, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510020, China
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22
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Zhao Y, Hu X, Zuo X, Wang M. Chemopreventive effects of some popular phytochemicals on human colon cancer: a review. Food Funct 2018; 9:4548-4568. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fo00850g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The present review summarizes (1) the epidemiology and etiology of colon cancer, (2) generalized cancer chemoprotective mechanisms, and (3) the chemopreventive properties of some popular phytochemicals as well as some phytochemicals developed by our research group recently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueliang Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Shanghai Ocean University
- Shanghai
- China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai)
| | - Xiaoqian Hu
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Shanghai Ocean University
- Shanghai
- China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai)
| | - Xinyuan Zuo
- School of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Panjin City
- China
| | - Mingfu Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Shanghai Ocean University
- Shanghai
- China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai)
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23
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Research progression of blood and fecal metabolites in colorectal
cancer. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SURGERY: ONCOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1097/ij9.0000000000000051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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24
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López de Las Hazas MC, Piñol C, Macià A, Motilva MJ. Hydroxytyrosol and the Colonic Metabolites Derived from Virgin Olive Oil Intake Induce Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Colon Cancer Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:6467-6476. [PMID: 28071050 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b04933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
After the sustained consumption of virgin olive oil (VOO), the unabsorbed native phenols (mainly hydroxytyrosol (HT)) are transformed into its catabolites in the intestine by microbials. The role of these catabolites in preventing colon cancer has not been sufficiently investigated. This work aims to study the antiproliferative and apoptotic activities in colon (Caco-2; HT-29) cancer cell lines of the main catabolites detected in human feces (phenylacetic, phenylpropionic, hydroxyphenylpropionic, and dihydroxyphenylpropionic acids and catechol), after the sustained VOO intake. Additionally, an assessment of the ability of these colonic cells to metabolize the studied compounds was performed. The results showed that HT and phenylacetic and hydroxyphenylpropionic acids produce cell cycle arrest and promote apoptosis. HT-29 cells were more sensitive to phenol treatments than Caco-2. In synthesis, the results of the present study represent a good starting point for understanding the potential apoptotic and antiproliferative effects of VOO phenolic compounds and their colonic metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Carmen López de Las Hazas
- Food Technology Department, Universitat de Lleida-Agrotecnio Center, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agraria, Lleida , Avinguda Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Carme Piñol
- Department of Medicine, Universitat de Lleida-Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida) , Avinguda Alcalde Rovira Roure 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Alba Macià
- Food Technology Department, Universitat de Lleida-Agrotecnio Center, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agraria, Lleida , Avinguda Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Maria-José Motilva
- Food Technology Department, Universitat de Lleida-Agrotecnio Center, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agraria, Lleida , Avinguda Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
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25
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Seidel DV, Azcárate-Peril MA, Chapkin RS, Turner ND. Shaping functional gut microbiota using dietary bioactives to reduce colon cancer risk. Semin Cancer Biol 2017; 46:191-204. [PMID: 28676459 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Colon cancer is a multifactorial disease associated with a variety of lifestyle factors. Alterations in the gut microbiota and the intestinal metabolome are noted during colon carcinogenesis, implicating them as critical contributors or results of the disease process. Diet is a known determinant of health, and as a modifier of the gut microbiota and its metabolism, a critical element in maintenance of intestinal health. This review summarizes recent evidence demonstrating the role and responses of the intestinal microbiota during colon tumorigenesis and the ability of dietary bioactive compounds and probiotics to impact colon health from the intestinal lumen to the epithelium and systemically. We first describe changes to the intestinal microbiome, metabolome, and epithelium associated with colon carcinogenesis. This is followed by a discussion of recent evidence indicating how specific classes of dietary bioactives, prebiotics, or probiotics affect colon carcinogenesis. Lastly, we briefly address the prospects of using multiple 'omics' techniques to integrate the effects of diet, host, and microbiota on colon tumorigenesis with the goal of more fully appreciating the interconnectedness of these systems and thus, how these approaches can be used to advance personalized nutrition strategies and nutrition research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek V Seidel
- Nutrition and Food Science Department, and Faculty of Genetics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2253, USA.
| | - M Andrea Azcárate-Peril
- Department of Medicine GI Division, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7555, USA.
| | - Robert S Chapkin
- Nutrition and Food Science Department, and Faculty of Genetics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2253, USA.
| | - Nancy D Turner
- Nutrition and Food Science Department, and Faculty of Genetics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2253, USA.
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26
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Abstract
The intestinal microbiota consists of a dynamic organization of bacteria, viruses, archaea, and fungal species essential for maintaining gut homeostasis and protecting the host against pathogenic invasion. When dysregulated, the intestinal microbiota can contribute to colorectal cancer development. Though the microbiota is multifaceted in its ability to induce colorectal cancer, this review will focus on the capability of the microbiota to induce colorectal cancer through the modulation of immune function and the production of microbial-derived metabolites. We will also explore an experimental technique that is revolutionizing intestinal research. By elucidating the interactions of microbial species with epithelial tissue, and allowing for drug screening of patients with colorectal cancers, organoid development is a novel culturing technique that is innovating intestinal research. As a cancer that remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide, it is imperative that scientific findings are translated into the creation of effective therapeutics to treat colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Oke
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alberto Martin
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, 1 King’s College Cir, MSB 7302, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada
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27
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Chou YC, Suh JH, Wang Y, Pahwa M, Badmaev V, Ho CT, Pan MH. Boswellia serrata resin extract alleviates azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colon tumorigenesis. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61. [PMID: 28245338 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Boswellia serrata (BS) resin is a popular dietary supplement for joint nourishment. In this study, we investigated the chemopreventive effects of dietary BS extract and its impact of gut microbiota on azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium (AOM/DSS)-induced colitis-associated colon cancer in mice. METHODS AND RESULTS Male ICR mice were injected with AOM and 2% DSS via drinking water. The mice were fed with 0.25 or 0.5% BS extract, and colonic tissue were collected at 15 weeks. The main effective components of BS supercritical CO2 extraction were analyzed by LC-MS/MS are boswellic acids. We found that treatment with BS extract significantly reduce the colonic tumor formation. Western blot and histological analysis revealed that dietary BS extract could markedly reduce the inflammation associated protein levels expression. Furthermore, BS extract reduced cell proliferation via inhibiting phosphorylation level of protein kinase B (Akt), glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β), and downregulation of cyclin D1. In addition, BS extract also altered the composition of gut microbiota by enhancing the proportion of Clostridiales and reducing the percentage of Bacteroidales. CONCLUSION In summary, BS extract decreased the protein levels of inflammative enzymes such as inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 in colonic mucosa. It also mediated Akt/GSK3β/cyclin D1 signaling pathway and altered the composition of gut microbiota to alleviate tumor growth. Taken together, this study suggests that BS extract has great potential to suppress colon tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Chun Chou
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Joon Hyuk Suh
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, USA
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, USA
| | | | | | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Min-Hsiung Pan
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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28
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Pope JL, Tomkovich S, Yang Y, Jobin C. Microbiota as a mediator of cancer progression and therapy. Transl Res 2017; 179:139-154. [PMID: 27554797 PMCID: PMC5674984 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2016.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Complex and intricate circuitries regulate cellular proliferation, survival, and growth, and alterations of this network through genetic and epigenetic events result in aberrant cellular behaviors, often leading to carcinogenesis. Although specific germline mutations have been recognized as cancer inducers, the vast majority of neoplastic changes in humans occur through environmental exposure, lifestyle, and diet. An emerging concept in cancer biology implicates the microbiota as a powerful environmental factor modulating the carcinogenic process. For example, the intestinal microbiota influences cancer development or therapeutic responses through specific activities (immune responses, metabolites, microbial structures, and toxins). The numerous effects of microbiota on carcinogenesis, ranging from promoting, preventing, or even influencing therapeutic outcomes, highlight the complex relationship between the biota and the host. In this review, we discuss the latest findings on this complex microbial interaction with the host and highlight potential mechanisms by which the microbiota mediates such a wide impact on carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian L Pope
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Fla
| | - Sarah Tomkovich
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Fla; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Ye Yang
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Fla
| | - Christian Jobin
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Fla; Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Fla.
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29
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Berding K, Donovan SM. Microbiome and nutrition in autism spectrum disorder: current knowledge and research needs. Nutr Rev 2016; 74:723-736. [DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuw048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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30
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Kahouli I, Malhotra M, Westfall S, Alaoui-Jamali MA, Prakash S. Design and validation of an orally administrated active L. fermentum-L. acidophilus probiotic formulation using colorectal cancer Apc Min/+ mouse model. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 101:1999-2019. [PMID: 27837314 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7885-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Probiotics have been shown to have beneficial properties in attenuating the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) development. However, functional evidence to support such effects for some probiotic bacteria are relatively unknown. Here, we document a significant antioxidant, anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic activities of Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 314 and Lactobacillus fermentum NCIMB 5221 on CRC cells, particularly when used in combination (La-Lf). Furthermore, a superior synergistic activity on the inhibition of tumor growth and modulation of cell proliferation and epithelial markers in the Apc Min/+ CRC mouse model was explored, based on the expression levels of Ki-67, E-cadherin, β-catenin, and cleaved caspase-3 (CC3) proteins. The anti-cancer activity of La-Lf co-culture was significantly enhanced in vitro with significant reduced proliferation (38.8 ± 6.9 %, P = 0.009) and increased apoptosis (413 RUL, P < 0.001) towards cancer cells, as well as significant protection of normal colon cell growth from toxic treatment (18.6 ± 9.8 %, P = 0.001). La-Lf formulation (1010cfu/animal/day) altered aspects of intestinal tumorigenesis by significantly reducing intestinal tumor multiplicity (1.7-fold, P = 0.016) and downregulating cellular proliferation markers, including β-catenin (P = 0.041) and Ki-67 (P = 0.008). In conclusion, La-Lf showed greater protection against intestinal tumorigenesis supporting a potential use as a biotherapeutic for the prevention of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imen Kahouli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, 1110 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A3, Canada.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Technology and Cell Therapy Research Laboratory, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada.,Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research and Segal Cancer Centre, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Côte-Ste-Catherine Road, Montreal, QC, H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Meenakshi Malhotra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Technology and Cell Therapy Research Laboratory, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, CHU St. Justine Research Center, University of Montreal, 3175 Cote-Ste-Catherine, Montréal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Susan Westfall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Technology and Cell Therapy Research Laboratory, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Moulay A Alaoui-Jamali
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research and Segal Cancer Centre, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Côte-Ste-Catherine Road, Montreal, QC, H3T 1E2, Canada.,Departments of Medicine and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Gerald Bronfman Centre, McGill University, Room 210, 546 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC, H2W 1S6, Canada
| | - Satya Prakash
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, 1110 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A3, Canada. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Technology and Cell Therapy Research Laboratory, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada.
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31
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Watt KD. The evolving role of the microbiome in liver failure and liver transplantation. Liver Transpl 2016; 22:58-61. [PMID: 27588961 DOI: 10.1002/lt.24623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kymberly D Watt
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
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32
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Faïs T, Delmas J, Cougnoux A, Dalmasso G, Bonnet R. Targeting colorectal cancer-associated bacteria: A new area of research for personalized treatments. Gut Microbes 2016; 7:329-333. [PMID: 27007710 PMCID: PMC4988430 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2016.1155020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Most cases of colorectal cancer (CRC) are sporadic, and numerous studies have suggested that gut microbiota may play a crucial role in CRC development. Escherichia coli is a member of the gut microbiota frequently associated with colorectal tumors. CRC-associated E. coli strains frequently harbor the pks genomic island. This genomic island is responsible for the synthesis of colibactin genotoxin, which increases tumor numbers in CRC mouse models. We recently showed that targeting ClbP, a key enzyme involved in colibactin synthesis, blocks the deleterious effect of this toxin in vitro and leads to a significant decrease in tumor numbers in vivo. Altogether, our results suggest that the personalized treatment of CRC should also take into consideration the bacteria associated with the tumor in order to limit their deleterious effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Faïs
- Microbes, Inflammation, Intestin et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte (M2iSH), Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Inserm U1071, INRA USC2018, Clermont-Ferrand, France,Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Center Hospitalier Universitaire, Clermont-Ferrand, France,Institut Universitaire de Technologie, Université d'Auvergne, Aubière, France
| | - J. Delmas
- Microbes, Inflammation, Intestin et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte (M2iSH), Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Inserm U1071, INRA USC2018, Clermont-Ferrand, France,Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Center Hospitalier Universitaire, Clermont-Ferrand, France,Institut Universitaire de Technologie, Université d'Auvergne, Aubière, France
| | - A. Cougnoux
- Microbes, Inflammation, Intestin et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte (M2iSH), Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Inserm U1071, INRA USC2018, Clermont-Ferrand, France,Institut Universitaire de Technologie, Université d'Auvergne, Aubière, France
| | - G. Dalmasso
- Microbes, Inflammation, Intestin et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte (M2iSH), Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Inserm U1071, INRA USC2018, Clermont-Ferrand, France,Institut Universitaire de Technologie, Université d'Auvergne, Aubière, France
| | - R. Bonnet
- Microbes, Inflammation, Intestin et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte (M2iSH), Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Inserm U1071, INRA USC2018, Clermont-Ferrand, France,Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Center Hospitalier Universitaire, Clermont-Ferrand, France,Institut Universitaire de Technologie, Université d'Auvergne, Aubière, France
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33
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Verspreet J, Damen B, Broekaert WF, Verbeke K, Delcour JA, Courtin CM. A Critical Look at Prebiotics Within the Dietary Fiber Concept. Annu Rev Food Sci Technol 2016; 7:167-90. [PMID: 26735801 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-food-081315-032749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This article reviews the current knowledge of the health effects of dietary fiber and prebiotics and establishes the position of prebiotics within the broader context of dietary fiber. Although the positive health effects of specific fibers on defecation, reduction of postprandial glycemic response, and maintenance of normal blood cholesterol levels are generally accepted, other presumed health benefits of dietary fibers are still debated. There is evidence that specific dietary fibers improve the integrity of the epithelial layer of the intestines, increase the resistance against pathogenic colonization, reduce the risk of developing colorectal cancer, increase mineral absorption, and have a positive impact on the immune system, but these effects are neither generally acknowledged nor completely understood. Many of the latter effects are thought to be particularly elicited by prebiotics. Although the prebiotic concept evolved significantly during the past two decades, the line between prebiotics and nonprebiotic dietary fiber remains vague. Nevertheless, scientific evidence demonstrating the health-promoting potential of prebiotics continues to accumulate and suggests that prebiotic fibers have their rightful place in a healthy diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joran Verspreet
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry.,Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Center (LFoRCe).,Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), KU Leuven, and
| | - Bram Damen
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry.,Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Center (LFoRCe).,Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), KU Leuven, and
| | | | - Kristin Verbeke
- Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Center (LFoRCe).,Translational Research in Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Jan A Delcour
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry.,Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Center (LFoRCe).,Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), KU Leuven, and
| | - Christophe M Courtin
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry.,Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Center (LFoRCe).,Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), KU Leuven, and
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34
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Cipe G, Idiz UO, Firat D, Bektasoglu H. Relationship between intestinal microbiota and colorectal cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2015; 7:233-240. [PMID: 26483877 PMCID: PMC4606177 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v7.i10.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Revised: 08/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The human gastrointestinal tract hosts a complex and vast microbial community with up to 1011-1012 microorganisms colonizing the colon. The gut microbiota has a serious effect on homeostasis and pathogenesis through a number of mechanisms. In recent years, the relationship between the intestinal microbiota and sporadic colorectal cancer has attracted much scientific interest. Mechanisms underlying colonic carcinogenesis include the conversion of procarcinogenic diet-related factors to carcinogens and the stimulation of procarcinogenic signaling pathways in luminal epithelial cells. Understanding each of these mechanisms will facilitate future studies, leading to the development of novel strategies for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of colorectal cancer. In this review, we discuss the relationship between colorectal cancer and the intestinal microbiota.
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