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Deng Q, Parker E, Wu C, Zhu L, Liu TCY, Duan R, Yang L. Repurposing Ketamine in the Therapy of Depression and Depression-Related Disorders: Recent Advances and Future Potential. Aging Dis 2024:AD.2024.0239. [PMID: 38916735 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2024.0239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Depression represents a prevalent and enduring mental disorder of significant concern within the clinical domain. Extensive research indicates that depression is very complex, with many interconnected pathways involved. Most research related to depression focuses on monoamines, neurotrophic factors, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, tryptophan metabolism, energy metabolism, mitochondrial function, the gut-brain axis, glial cell-mediated inflammation, myelination, homeostasis, and brain neural networks. However, recently, Ketamine, an ionotropic N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, has been discovered to have rapid antidepressant effects in patients, leading to novel and successful treatment approaches for mood disorders. This review aims to summarize the latest findings and insights into various signaling pathways and systems observed in depression patients and animal models, providing a more comprehensive view of the neurobiology of anxious-depressive-like behavior. Specifically, it highlights the key mechanisms of ketamine as a rapid-acting antidepressant, aiming to enhance the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders. Moreover, we discuss the potential of ketamine as a prophylactic or therapeutic intervention for stress-related psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianting Deng
- College of Physical Education and Sport Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Emily Parker
- Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Chongyun Wu
- College of Physical Education and Sport Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Zhu
- College of Physical Education and Sport Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Timon Cheng-Yi Liu
- College of Physical Education and Sport Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Duan
- College of Physical Education and Sport Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Luodan Yang
- College of Physical Education and Sport Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
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Seo JH, Kim ST, Jeon S, Kang JI, Kim SJ. Sex-dependent association of DNA methylation of HPA axis-related gene FKBP5 with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2023; 158:106404. [PMID: 37769537 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Although hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysregulation in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has been reported, epigenetic changes in HPA axis-related genes have not been well studied in OCD. The present study investigated whether the epigenetic regulation of FK506-binding protein 51 gene (FKBP5) intron 7 is associated with OCD status in each sex. In addition, relationships among the DNA methylation levels of FKBP5 intron 7, OCD status and early-life trauma were explored. METHODS A total of 267 patients with OCD and 201 controls aged between 18 and 40 years were recruited. Demographic and clinical assessment, FKBP5 rs1360780 genotyping, and pyrosequencing of FKBP5 intron 7 were conducted. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leucocytes. First, multivariate analysis of covariance for differential DNA methylation levels between OCD patients and controls was conducted with adjustment for FKBP5 rs1360780 genotype, early-life trauma, depressive symptoms, and age as covariates in each sex. Next, path analysis was conducted to determine the mediation effects of DNA methylation levels of FKBP5 between early-life trauma and OCD status. In addition, sensitivity analyses for medication and lifetime major depression were also performed. RESULTS DNA methylation at the FKBP5 intron 7 CpG site was significantly lower in men with OCD, compared to controls (mean difference -1.33%, 95% CI -2.11 to -0.55, p < 0.001). The results remained significant for drug naïve or free subjects (mean difference -1.27%, 95% CI -2.18 to -0.37, p = 0.006, in men) and for subjects without lifetime major depressive disorder (mean difference -1.60%, 95% CI -2.54 to -0.66, p < 0.001, in men). The mediation effect of DNA methylation levels was not significant between early-life trauma and OCD status. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that epigenetic factors of HPA axis-related gene FKBP5 may play a role in the pathogenesis of OCD. Further studies are needed to determine how altered DNA methylation of FKBP5 intron 7 and HPA axis function are involved in OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ho Seo
- Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea; Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Shin Tae Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sumoa Jeon
- Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jee In Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Se Joo Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Yang Q, Al-Hendy A. Update on the Role and Regulatory Mechanism of Extracellular Matrix in the Pathogenesis of Uterine Fibroids. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:5778. [PMID: 36982852 PMCID: PMC10051203 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Uterine fibroids (UFs), also known as leiomyomas, are benign tumors of the myometrium affecting over 70% of women worldwide, particularly women of color. Although benign, UFs are associated with significant morbidity; they are the primary indication for hysterectomy and a major source of gynecologic and reproductive dysfunction, ranging from menorrhagia and pelvic pain to infertility, recurrent miscarriage, and preterm labor. So far, the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of UFs are still quite limited. A knowledge gap needs to be filled to help develop novel strategies that will ultimately facilitate the development of therapies and improve UF patient outcomes. Excessive ECM accumulation and aberrant remodeling are crucial for fibrotic diseases and excessive ECM deposition is the central characteristics of UFs. This review summarizes the recent progress of ascertaining the biological functions and regulatory mechanisms in UFs, from the perspective of factors regulating ECM production, ECM-mediated signaling, and pharmacological drugs targeting ECM accumulation. In addition, we provide the current state of knowledge by discussing the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation and emerging role of the extracellular matrix in the pathogenesis of UFs and in applications. Comprehensive and deeper insights into ECM-mediated alterations and interactions in cellular events will help develop novel strategies to treat patients with this common tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiwei Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA;
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Fries GR, Saldana VA, Finnstein J, Rein T. Molecular pathways of major depressive disorder converge on the synapse. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:284-297. [PMID: 36203007 PMCID: PMC9540059 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01806-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 104.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a psychiatric disease of still poorly understood molecular etiology. Extensive studies at different molecular levels point to a high complexity of numerous interrelated pathways as the underpinnings of depression. Major systems under consideration include monoamines, stress, neurotrophins and neurogenesis, excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission, mitochondrial dysfunction, (epi)genetics, inflammation, the opioid system, myelination, and the gut-brain axis, among others. This review aims at illustrating how these multiple signaling pathways and systems may interact to provide a more comprehensive view of MDD's neurobiology. In particular, considering the pattern of synaptic activity as the closest physical representation of mood, emotion, and conscience we can conceptualize, each pathway or molecular system will be scrutinized for links to synaptic neurotransmission. Models of the neurobiology of MDD will be discussed as well as future actions to improve the understanding of the disease and treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel R. Fries
- grid.267308.80000 0000 9206 2401Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1941 East Rd, Houston, TX 77054 USA ,grid.240145.60000 0001 2291 4776Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 6767 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Valeria A. Saldana
- grid.262285.90000 0000 8800 2297Frank H. Netter MD School of Medicine at Quinnipiac University, 370 Bassett Road, North Haven, CT 06473 USA
| | - Johannes Finnstein
- grid.419548.50000 0000 9497 5095Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Project Group Molecular Pathways of Depression, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 10, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Theo Rein
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Project Group Molecular Pathways of Depression, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 10, 80804, Munich, Germany.
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5
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Sun H, Liu X, Wang L, Cui B, Mu W, Xia Y, Liu S, Liu X, Jiao Y, Zhao Y. Dexamethasone Sensitizes Acute Monocytic Leukemia Cells to Ara-C by Upregulating FKBP51. Front Oncol 2022; 12:888695. [PMID: 35860568 PMCID: PMC9290766 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.888695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we demonstrated that the expression of FK506 binding protein 51 (FKBP51) is upregulated in acute monocytic leukemia (AML-M5) cells by dexamethasone and aimed to investigate the possible effects of FKBP51 on the growth and cytarabine sensitivity of AML-M5 cells. THP-1 and U937cells were used to establish AML-M5 cell models with FKBP51 overexpression and knockdown, respectively. Cell proliferation, apoptosis and response to cytarabine were investigated by cell cycle, CCK-8 and Flow cytometry analyses. The mice experiment was conducted to detect the role of FKBP51 on AML-M5 cells proliferation and antileukemia effect of Ara-C/Dexamethasone co-therapy in vivo. Western blots were employed to determine protein expression levels. FKBP51 upregulation significantly attenuated THP-1 cell proliferation and sensitized the cells to cytarabine treatment which was further enhanced by dexamethasone. These effects were indicated by decreases in cell viability, S-G2/M phase cell cycle distribution, cytarabine 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) values and increases in apoptosis and were supported by decreased phosphorylation levels of AKT, GSK3β and FOXO1A and decreased levels of BCL-2 and increased levels of P21 and P27. In contrast, FKBP51 knockdown led to excessive U937 cell proliferation and cytarabine resistance, as indicated by increased cell viability and S-G2/M phase cell cycle distribution, decreased apoptosis, increased phosphorylation levels of AKT, GSK3β and FOXO1A, and increased BCL-2 and decreased P21 and P27 expression. In addition, an AKT inhibitor blocked cell cycle progression and reduced cell viability in all groups of cells. Furthermore, SAFit2, a specific FKBP51 inhibitor, increased U937 cell viability and cytarabine resistance as well as AKT phosphorylation. In conclusion, FKBP51 decelerates proliferation and improves the cytarabine sensitivity of AML-M5 cells by inhibiting AKT pathways, and dexamethasone in combination with Ara-C improves the chemosensitivity of AML-M5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanxin Sun
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaowen Liu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Laicheng Wang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Bin Cui
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenli Mu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yu Xia
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yulian Jiao
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Yulian Jiao, ; Yueran Zhao,
| | - Yueran Zhao
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Yulian Jiao, ; Yueran Zhao,
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An X, Guo W, Wu H, Fu X, Li M, Zhang Y, Li Y, Cui R, Yang W, Zhang Z, Zhao G. Sex Differences in Depression Caused by Early Life Stress and Related Mechanisms. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:797755. [PMID: 35663561 PMCID: PMC9157793 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.797755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a common psychiatric disease caused by various factors, manifesting with continuous low spirits, with its precise mechanism being unclear. Early life stress (ELS) is receiving more attention as a possible cause of depression. Many studies focused on the mechanisms underlying how ELS leads to changes in sex hormones, neurotransmitters, hypothalamic pituitary adrenocortical (HPA) axis function, and epigenetics. The adverse effects of ELS on adulthood are mainly dependent on the time window when stress occurs, sex and the developmental stage when evaluating the impacts. Therefore, with regard to the exact sex differences of adult depression, we found that ELS could lead to sex-differentiated depression through multiple mechanisms, including 5-HT, sex hormone, HPA axis, and epigenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianquan An
- Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wanxu Guo
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Huiying Wu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiying Fu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ming Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yizhi Zhang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanlin Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ranji Cui
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Zhuo Zhang,
| | - Guoqing Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Guoqing Zhao,
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7
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Trauma-like exposure alters neuronal apoptosis, Bin1, Fkbp5 and NR2B expression in an amyloid-beta (1-42) rat model of Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2022; 190:107611. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2022.107611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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8
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Mendonça MS, Mangiavacchi PM, Rios ÁFL. Regulatory functions of FKBP5 intronic regions associated with psychiatric disorders. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 143:1-8. [PMID: 34433110 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The FKBP5 gene codifies a co-chaperone protein associated with the modulation of glucocorticoid receptor interaction involved in the adaptive stress response. The FKBP5 intracellular concentration affects the binding affinity of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) to glucocorticoids (GCs). This gene has glucocorticoid response elements (GREs) located in introns 2, 5 and 7, which affect its expression. Recent studies have examined GRE activity and the effects of genetic variants on transcript efficiency and their contribution to susceptibility to behavioral disorders. Epigenetic changes and environmental factors can influence the effects of these allele-specific variants, impacting the response to GCs of the FKBP5 gene. The main epigenetic mark investigated in FKBP5 intronic regions is DNA methylation, however, few studies have been performed for all GREs located in these regions. One of the major findings was the association of low DNA methylation levels in the intron 7 of FKBP5 in patients with psychiatric disorders. To date, there are no reports of DNA methylation in introns 2 and 5 of the gene associated with diagnoses of psychiatric disorders. This review highlights what has been discovered so far about the relationship between polymorphisms and epigenetic targets in intragenic regions, and reveals the gaps that need to be explored, mainly concerning the role of DNA methylation in these regions and how it acts in psychiatric disease susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana S Mendonça
- Laboratory of Biotechnology (LBT), Center of Bioscience and Biotechnology -CBB, North Fluminense State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paula M Mangiavacchi
- Laboratory of Reproduction and Animal Breeding - LRMGA. Center for Agricultural Technological Sciences - CCTA, North Fluminense State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Álvaro F L Rios
- Laboratory of Biotechnology (LBT), Center of Bioscience and Biotechnology -CBB, North Fluminense State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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9
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Zimmer C, Hanson HE, Martin LB. FKBP5 expression is related to HPA flexibility and the capacity to cope with stressors in female and male house sparrows. Horm Behav 2021; 135:105038. [PMID: 34280702 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2021.105038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and its end products, the glucocorticoids, are critical to responding appropriately to stressors. Subsequently, many studies have sought relationships between glucocorticoids and measures of health or fitness, but such relationships are at best highly context dependent. Recently, some endocrinologists have started to suggest that a focus on HPA flexibility, the ability of an individual to mount appropriate responses to different stressors, could be useful. Here, we tested the hypothesis that expression of FKBP5, a cochaperone in the glucocorticoid receptor complex, is a simple and reliable proxy of HPA flexibility in a wild songbird, the house sparrow (Passer domesticus). We quantified HPA flexibility in a novel way, using guidance from research on heart rhythm regulation. As predicted, we found that adult sparrows with low stress-induced FKBP5 expression in the hypothalamus exhibited high HPA flexibility. Moreover, low FKBP5 expression was associated with greater exploratory disposition and were better at maintaining body mass under stressful conditions. Altogether, these results suggest that FKBP5 may be important in the regulation of HPA flexibility, potentially affecting how individuals cope with natural and anthropogenic adversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cedric Zimmer
- Global Health and Infectious Disease Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
| | - Haley E Hanson
- Global Health and Infectious Disease Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Lynn B Martin
- Global Health and Infectious Disease Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
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Czamara D, Dieckmann L, Röh S, Kraemer S, Rancourt RC, Sammallahti S, Kajantie E, Laivuori H, Eriksson JG, Räikkönen K, Henrich W, Plagemann A, Binder EB, Braun T, Entringer S. Betamethasone administration during pregnancy is associated with placental epigenetic changes with implications for inflammation. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:165. [PMID: 34446099 PMCID: PMC8393766 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-021-01153-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucocorticoids (GCs) play a pivotal role in fetal programming. Antenatal treatment with synthetic GCs (sGCs) in individuals in danger of preterm labor is common practice. Adverse short- and long-term effects of antenatal sGCs have been reported, but their effects on placental epigenetic characteristics have never been systematically studied in humans. RESULTS We tested the association between exposure to the sGC betamethasone (BET) and placental DNA methylation (DNAm) in 52 exposed cases and 84 gestational-age-matched controls. We fine-mapped associated loci using targeted bisulfite sequencing. The association of placental DNAm with gene expression and co-expression analysis on implicated genes was performed in an independent cohort including 494 placentas. Exposure to BET was significantly associated with lower placenta DNAm at an enhancer of FKBP5. FKBP5 (FK506-binding protein 51) is a co-chaperone that modulates glucocorticoid receptor activity. Lower DNAm at this enhancer site was associated with higher expression of FKBP5 and a co-expressed gene module. This module is enriched for genes associated with preeclampsia and involved in inflammation and immune response. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that BET exposure during pregnancy associates with few but lasting changes in placental DNAm and may promote a gene expression profile associated with placental dysfunction and increased inflammation. This may represent a pathway mediating GC-associated negative long-term consequences and health outcomes in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darina Czamara
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max-Planck-Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Linda Dieckmann
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max-Planck-Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry, München, Germany
| | - Simone Röh
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max-Planck-Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Sarah Kraemer
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Charité − Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Luisenstr. 57, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Rebecca C. Rancourt
- Department of Experimental Obstetrics, Charité − Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sara Sammallahti
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eero Kajantie
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Children’s Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine, PEDEGO Research Unit, MRC Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Hannele Laivuori
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tampere University Hospital and Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Johan G. Eriksson
- Department of General Practice and Primary Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Katri Räikkönen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Wolfgang Henrich
- Department of Obstetrics, Charité − Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Plagemann
- Department of Experimental Obstetrics, Charité − Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Obstetrics, Charité − Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Elisabeth B. Binder
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max-Planck-Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA
| | - Thorsten Braun
- Department of Experimental Obstetrics, Charité − Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Obstetrics, Charité − Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sonja Entringer
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Charité − Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Luisenstr. 57, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Development, Health, and Disease Research Program, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA USA
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11
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Lu L, Huang J, Deng X, Sun X, Dong J. Application of glucocorticoids in patients with novel coronavirus infection: From bench to bedside. TRADITIONAL MEDICINE AND MODERN MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1142/s257590002030009x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) have potential anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. There is plenty of controversy about the application of glucocorticoids in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This paper briefly summarizes the mechanism of glucocorticoids and their receptors and clinical applications in COVID-19. Through reviewing the current literature, our aim is to have a deeper understanding of the mechanism of GCs and their clinical applications, so as to find possible ways to enhance their efficacy and reduce drug resistance or side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linwei Lu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, P. R. China
- Qingpu Chinese Medicine Hospital, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jianhua Huang
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, P. R. China
- Qingpu Chinese Medicine Hospital, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohong Deng
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, P. R. China
- Qingpu Chinese Medicine Hospital, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xianjun Sun
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, P. R. China
- Qingpu Chinese Medicine Hospital, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jingcheng Dong
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, P. R. China
- Qingpu Chinese Medicine Hospital, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
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12
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Zhou YG, Shang ZL, Zhang F, Wu LL, Sun LN, Jia YP, Yu HB, Liu WZ. PTSD: Past, present and future implications for China. Chin J Traumatol 2021; 24:187-208. [PMID: 33994278 PMCID: PMC8343811 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjtee.2021.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
There has been a long history since human beings began to realize the existence of post-traumatic symptoms. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a diagnostic category adopted in 1980 in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Ⅲ, described typical clusters of psychiatric symptoms occurring after traumatic events. Abundant researches have helped deepen the understanding of PTSD in terms of epidemiological features, biological mechanisms, and treatment options. The prevalence of PTSD in general population ranged from 6.4% to 7.8% and was significantly higher among groups who underwent major public traumatic events. There has been a long way in the studies of animal models and genetic characteristics of PTSD. However, the high comorbidity with other stress-related psychiatric disorders and complexity in the pathogenesis of PTSD hindered the effort to find specific biological targets for PTSD. Neuroimage was widely used to elucidate the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms of PTSD. Functional MRI studies have showed that PTSD was linked to medial prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex and sub-cortical structures like amygdala and hippocampus, and to explore the functional connectivity among these brain areas which might reveal the possible neurobiological mechanism related to PTSD symptoms. For now, cognitive behavior therapy-based psychotherapy, including combination with adjunctive medication, showed evident treatment effects on PTSD. The emergence of more effective PTSD pharmacotherapies awaits novel biomarkers from further fundamental research. Several natural disasters and emergencies have inevitably increased the possibility of suffering from PTSD in the last two decades, making it critical to strengthen PTSD research in China. To boost PTSD study in China, the following suggestions might be helpful: (1) establishing a national psychological trauma recover project, and (2) exploring the mechanisms of PTSD with joint effort and strengthening the indigenized treatment of PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Guang Zhou
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zhi-Lei Shang
- The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Li-Li Wu
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China,The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Lu-Na Sun
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China,The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yan-Pu Jia
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China,The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Hai-Bo Yu
- Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China,Corresponding author.
| | - Wei-Zhi Liu
- Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China,The Emotion & Cognition Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China,Corresponding author. Lab for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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13
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Park JM, Yang SW, Zhuang W, Bera AK, Liu Y, Gurbani D, von Hoyningen-Huene SJ, Sakurada SM, Gan H, Pruett-Miller SM, Westover KD, Potts MB. The nonreceptor tyrosine kinase SRMS inhibits autophagy and promotes tumor growth by phosphorylating the scaffolding protein FKBP51. PLoS Biol 2021; 19:e3001281. [PMID: 34077419 PMCID: PMC8202955 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutrient-responsive protein kinases control the balance between anabolic growth and catabolic processes such as autophagy. Aberrant regulation of these kinases is a major cause of human disease. We report here that the vertebrate nonreceptor tyrosine kinase Src-related kinase lacking C-terminal regulatory tyrosine and N-terminal myristylation sites (SRMS) inhibits autophagy and promotes growth in a nutrient-responsive manner. Under nutrient-replete conditions, SRMS phosphorylates the PHLPP scaffold FK506-binding protein 51 (FKBP51), disrupts the FKBP51-PHLPP complex, and promotes FKBP51 degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. This prevents PHLPP-mediated dephosphorylation of AKT, causing sustained AKT activation that promotes growth and inhibits autophagy. SRMS is amplified and overexpressed in human cancers where it drives unrestrained AKT signaling in a kinase-dependent manner. SRMS kinase inhibition activates autophagy, inhibits cancer growth, and can be accomplished using the FDA-approved tyrosine kinase inhibitor ibrutinib. This illuminates SRMS as a targetable vulnerability in human cancers and as a new target for pharmacological induction of autophagy in vertebrates. This study describes the discovery and characterization of a nutrient-sensitive signaling pathway that drives growth and inhibits autophagy in mammalian cells. This pathway, which involves the non-receptor tyrosine kinase SRMS and the PHLPP scaffold protein FKBP51, promotes tumor growth and is amenable to pharmacological inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Mi Park
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
- Department of Oncology Research, Amgen Research, Thousand Oaks, California, United States of America
| | - Seung Wook Yang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Wei Zhuang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Asim K. Bera
- Departments of Biochemistry and Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Yan Liu
- Departments of Biochemistry and Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Deepak Gurbani
- Departments of Biochemistry and Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sergei J. von Hoyningen-Huene
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Sadie Miki Sakurada
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Haiyun Gan
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Shondra M. Pruett-Miller
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Kenneth D. Westover
- Departments of Biochemistry and Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Malia B. Potts
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
- Department of Oncology Research, Amgen Research, Thousand Oaks, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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14
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Roy B, Dwivedi Y. Modeling endophenotypes of suicidal behavior in animals. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 128:819-827. [PMID: 33421543 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Suicide is a major public health concern. One of the common contributors to the increased risk for suicide is the genetic constitution of individuals, which determines certain endophenotypic traits used as quantifiable measure of neurobiological functions. Therefore, a logical deconstruction of the originating endophenotypes associated with suicidal risk could provide a better understanding of this complex disorder. In this regard, non-human animals can be a useful resource to test endophenotypes of suicidal behavior and the neurobiology underlying these endophenotypes. In this review, we have focused on the neurobiological abnormalities, primarily genetic and epigenetic abnormalities, associated with suicidal behavior and the scope of their modeling in animals. This can substantially advance the current understanding of suicidal behavior manifested with certain trait-based endophenotypes and may provide an opportunity to test novel hypotheses as well as aid in the development of treatment opportunities and risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskar Roy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, 1720 7(th) Avenue South, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Yogesh Dwivedi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, 1720 7(th) Avenue South, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
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15
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Sampedro-Piquero P, Moreno-Fernández R. Building Resilience with Aerobic Exercise: Role of FKBP5. Curr Neuropharmacol 2021; 19:1156-1160. [PMID: 33829973 PMCID: PMC8719288 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666210408124937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Both preclinical and clinical studies have pointed that aerobic exercise, at moderate doses, is beneficial at all stages of life by promoting a range of physiological and neuroplastic adaptations that reduce the anxiety response. Previous research about this topic has repeatedly described how the regular practice of aerobic exercise induces a positive regulation of neuroplasticity and neurogenesis-related genes, as well as a better control of the HPA axis function. However, limited progress has been carried out in the integration of neuroendocrine and neuroplastic changes, as well as in introducing new factors to understand how aerobic exercise can promote resilience to future stressful conditions. Resilience is defined as the ability to adapt to stress while maintaining healthy mental and physical performance. Consistent findings point to an important role of FKBP5, the gene expressing FK506-binding protein 51 (FKBP51), as a strong inhibitor of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), and thus, an important regulator of the stress response. We propose that aerobic exercise could contribute to modulate FKBP5 activity acting as a potential therapeutic approach for mood disorders. In this sense, aerobic exercise is well known for increasing the growth factor BDNF, which by downstream pathways could affect the FKBP5 activity. Therefore, our manuscript has the aim of analyzing how FKBP5 could constitute a promising target of aerobic exercise promoting resilient-related phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Sampedro-Piquero
- Address correspondence to these authors at the Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Oviedo. Plaza Feijoo s/n 33003, Oviedo, Spain; E-mails: ;
| | - R.D. Moreno-Fernández
- Address correspondence to these authors at the Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Oviedo. Plaza Feijoo s/n 33003, Oviedo, Spain; E-mails: ;
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16
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Zimmer C, Hanson HE, Wildman DE, Uddin M, Martin LB. FKBP5: A Key Mediator of How Vertebrates Flexibly Cope with Adversity. Bioscience 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biaa114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Flexibility in the regulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis is an important mediator of stress resilience as it helps organisms adjust to, avoid, or compensate for acute and chronic challenges across changing environmental contexts. Glucocorticoids remain the favorite metric from medicine to conservation biology to attempt to quantify stress resilience despite the skepticism around their consistency in relation to individual health, welfare, and fitness. We suggest that a cochaperone molecule related to heat shock proteins and involved in glucocorticoid receptor activity, FKBP5, may mediate HPA flexibility and therefore stress resilience because it affects how individuals can regulate glucocorticoids and therefore capacitates their abilities to adjust phenotypes appropriately to prevailing, adverse conditions. Although the molecule is well studied in the biomedical literature, FKBP5 research in wild vertebrates is limited. In the present article, we highlight the potential major role of FKBP5 as mediator of HPA axis flexibility in response to adversity in humans and lab rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cedric Zimmer
- Global and Planetary Health Department of the College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Haley E Hanson
- Global and Planetary Health Department of the College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Derek E Wildman
- Global and Planetary Health Department of the College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Monica Uddin
- Global and Planetary Health Department of the College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Lynn B Martin
- Global and Planetary Health Department of the College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
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17
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Schmidt U, Rein T. Novel treatment targets for COVID-19: Contribution from molecular psychiatry. World J Biol Psychiatry 2020; 21:572-575. [PMID: 32619139 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2020.1779344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Schmidt
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Theo Rein
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
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18
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Strutt H, Strutt D. DAnkrd49 and Bdbt act via Casein kinase Iε to regulate planar polarity in Drosophila. PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1008820. [PMID: 32750048 PMCID: PMC7402468 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The core planar polarity proteins are essential mediators of tissue morphogenesis, controlling both the polarised production of cellular structures and polarised tissue movements. During development the core proteins promote planar polarisation by becoming asymmetrically localised to opposite cell edges within epithelial tissues, forming intercellular protein complexes that coordinate polarity between adjacent cells. Here we describe a novel protein complex that regulates the asymmetric localisation of the core proteins in the Drosophila pupal wing. DAnkrd49 (an ankyrin repeat protein) and Bride of Doubletime (Bdbt, a non-canonical FK506 binding protein family member) physically interact, and regulate each other’s levels in vivo. Loss of either protein results in a reduction in core protein asymmetry and disruption of the placement of trichomes at the distal edge of pupal wing cells. Post-translational modifications are thought to be important for the regulation of core protein behaviour and their sorting to opposite cell edges. Consistent with this, we find that loss of DAnkrd49 or Bdbt leads to reduced phosphorylation of the core protein Dishevelled and to decreased Dishevelled levels both at cell junctions and in the cytoplasm. Bdbt has previously been shown to regulate activity of the kinase Discs Overgrown (Dco, also known as Doubletime or Casein Kinase Iε), and Dco itself has been implicated in regulating planar polarity by phosphorylating Dsh as well as the core protein Strabismus. We demonstrate that DAnkrd49 and Bdbt act as dominant suppressors of Dco activity. These findings support a model whereby Bdbt and DAnkrd49 act together to modulate the activity of Dco during planar polarity establishment. In many animal tissues, sheets of cells are polarised in the plane of the tissue, which is evident by the production of polarised structures, such as hairs on the fly wing that point in the same direction or cilia that beat in the same direction. One group of proteins controlling this coordinated polarity are the core planar polarity proteins, which localise asymmetrically within cells such that some core proteins localise to one cell end and others to the opposite cell end. It is thought that modifications such as phosphorylation may locally regulate core protein stability, and this promotes sorting of proteins to different cell ends. We identify two proteins, DAnkrd49 and Bdbt, that form a complex and regulate core protein asymmetry. Loss of either protein causes a reduction in overall levels of the core protein Dishevelled (Dsh), and a reduction in its phosphorylation. We provide evidence that the effect on core protein asymmetry is mediated via regulation of the kinase activity of Discs overgrown (Dco, also known as Doubletime/Casein Kinase Iε) by DAnkrd49 and Bdbt. We propose that modulation of Dco activity by DAnkrd49 and Bdbt is a key step in the sorting of core proteins to opposite cell ends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Strutt
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (HS); (DS)
| | - David Strutt
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (HS); (DS)
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19
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Repouskou A, Papadopoulou AK, Panagiotidou E, Trichas P, Lindh C, Bergman Å, Gennings C, Bornehag CG, Rüegg J, Kitraki E, Stamatakis A. Long term transcriptional and behavioral effects in mice developmentally exposed to a mixture of endocrine disruptors associated with delayed human neurodevelopment. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9367. [PMID: 32518293 PMCID: PMC7283331 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66379-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that gestational exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) may interfere with normal brain development and predispose for later dysfunctions. The current study focuses on the exposure impact of mixtures of EDCs that better mimics the real-life situation. We herein describe a mixture of phthalates, pesticides and bisphenol A (mixture N1) detected in pregnant women of the SELMA cohort and associated with language delay in their children. To study the long-term impact of developmental exposure to N1 on brain physiology and behavior we administered this mixture to mice throughout gestation at doses 0×, 0.5×, 10×, 100× and 500× the geometric mean of SELMA mothers' concentrations, and examined their offspring in adulthood. Mixture N1 exposure increased active coping during swimming stress in both sexes, increased locomotion and reduced social interaction in male progeny. The expression of corticosterone receptors, their regulator Fkbp5, corticotropin releasing hormone and its receptor, oxytocin and its receptor, estrogen receptor beta, serotonin receptors (Htr1a, Htr2a) and glutamate receptor subunit Grin2b, were modified in the limbic system of adult animals, in a region-specific, sexually-dimorphic and experience-dependent manner. Principal component analysis revealed gene clusters associated with the observed behavioral responses, mostly related to the stress axis. This integration of epidemiology-based data with an experimental model increases the evidence that prenatal exposure to EDC mixtures impacts later life brain functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Repouskou
- Basic Sciences lab, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia-Konstantina Papadopoulou
- Basic Sciences lab, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Athens, Greece.,Biology-Biochemistry lab, Faculty of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, NKUA, Athens, Greece
| | - Emily Panagiotidou
- Basic Sciences lab, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Athens, Greece.,Biology-Biochemistry lab, Faculty of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, NKUA, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Trichas
- Biology-Biochemistry lab, Faculty of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, NKUA, Athens, Greece
| | - Christian Lindh
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Åke Bergman
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Chris Gennings
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carl-Gustaf Bornehag
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Joëlle Rüegg
- Uppsala University, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Department of Organismal Biology 18 A, Norbyvägen, 752 36, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Efthymia Kitraki
- Basic Sciences lab, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Athens, Greece.
| | - Antonios Stamatakis
- Biology-Biochemistry lab, Faculty of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, NKUA, Athens, Greece.
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20
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Miller MW. Leveraging genetics to enhance the efficacy of PTSD pharmacotherapies. Neurosci Lett 2020; 726:133562. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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21
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Post-translational modifications and stress adaptation: the paradigm of FKBP51. Biochem Soc Trans 2020; 48:441-449. [PMID: 32318709 PMCID: PMC7200631 DOI: 10.1042/bst20190332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Adaptation to stress is a fundamental requirement to cope with changing environmental conditions that pose a threat to the homeostasis of cells and organisms. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins represent a possibility to quickly produce proteins with new features demanding relatively little cellular resources. FK506 binding protein (FKBP) 51 is a pivotal stress protein that is involved in the regulation of several executers of PTMs. This mini-review discusses the role of FKBP51 in the function of proteins responsible for setting the phosphorylation, ubiquitination and lipidation of other proteins. Examples include the kinases Akt1, CDK5 and GSK3β, the phosphatases calcineurin, PP2A and PHLPP, and the ubiquitin E3-ligase SKP2. The impact of FKBP51 on PTMs of signal transduction proteins significantly extends the functional versatility of this protein. As a stress-induced protein, FKBP51 uses re-setting of PTMs to relay the effect of stress on various signaling pathways.
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22
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Rein T. Peptidylprolylisomerases, Protein Folders, or Scaffolders? The Example of FKBP51 and FKBP52. Bioessays 2020; 42:e1900250. [DOI: 10.1002/bies.201900250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Theo Rein
- Department of Translational Science in Psychiatry, MunichMax Planck Institute of Psychiatry Munich 80804 Germany
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23
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Berent D, Szymańska B, Kulczycka-Wojdala D, Macander M, Pawłowska Z, Wojnar M. The role of childhood adversities, FKBP5, BDNF, NRN1, and generalized self-efficacy in suicide attempts in alcohol-dependent patients. Pharmacol Rep 2020; 72:730-743. [PMID: 32157595 PMCID: PMC8217039 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-020-00080-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Alcohol-dependent (AD) patients report higher number of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), develop poor social skills, and have a higher rate of suicide attempts than the general population. We hypothesize that the association between ACEs and lifetime suicide attempts in AD patients is mediated by generalized self-efficacy and selected functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes involved in the stress response and neuroplasticity, including: FKBP5 rs1360780, BDNF rs6265, and NRN1 rs1475157. Methods 176 AD patients and 127 healthy controls self-reported ACEs with the ACE Study questionnaire and three additional questions that inquired about ACE categories of acute stress; generalized self-efficacy—with the Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale. Genotyping for the three analysed SNPs was performed according to the manufacturer’s standard PCR protocol. Hypotheses were tested with bivariate analyses, multiple regression model, and mediation models. Results Higher levels of generalized self-efficacy were associated with a blunted effect of ACEs on the risk of suicide attempts. The prevalence of the three analyzed SNPs genotypes and alleles did not differ between AD patients with a positive vs. negative lifetime history of suicide attempt and was not associated with GSES scoring. Conclusions Generalized self-efficacy should be considered as a target for psychotherapeutic interventions aimed at reducing the risk of suicide attempts in AD patients who were exposed to childhood victimization. The negative results concerning the hypothesized role of the three analysed SNPs should be carefully interpreted due to the relatively small study sample, but represent a theoretical foundation for further research studies with larger study samples. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s43440-020-00080-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Berent
- Masovian Regional Psychiatric Hospital Drewnica, Ząbki, Poland.
| | - Bożena Szymańska
- Central Scientific Laboratory, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Marian Macander
- Aviation Patophysiology and Safety Flight Department, Military Institute of Aviation Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zofia Pawłowska
- Central Scientific Laboratory, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Marcin Wojnar
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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24
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MicroRNA mediators of early life stress vulnerability to depression and suicidal behavior. Mol Psychiatry 2020; 25:308-320. [PMID: 31740756 PMCID: PMC6974433 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-019-0597-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Childhood environment can have a profound impact on brain structure and function. Epigenetic mechanisms have been shown to play a critical role in adaptive and maladaptive processes by regulating gene expression without changing the genome. Over the past few years, early life stress (ELS) has been established as a major risk factor for major depression and suicidal behavior along with other psychiatric illnesses in adulthood. In recent years, the emergence of small noncoding RNAs as a mega controller of gene expression has gained attention for their role in various disease processes. Among various noncoding RNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs) are the most studied and well characterized and have emerged as a major regulator of neural plasticity and higher brain functioning. More recently, although limited in number, studies are focusing on how miRNAs can play a role in the maladaptive processes associated with ELS both at adolescent and adult age and whether these processes are critical in developing depression and suicidal behavior. In this review, we critically evaluate how postnatal ELS relates to abnormalities in miRNA expression and functions from both animal and human literature and draw connections from these findings to depression and suicidal behavior later in life.
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25
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Calabrò M, Crisafulli C, Di Nicola M, Colombo R, Janiri L, Serretti A. FKBP5 Gene Variants May Modulate Depressive Features in Bipolar Disorder. Neuropsychobiology 2019; 78:104-112. [PMID: 31071710 DOI: 10.1159/000499976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous evidence suggested the possible association of FK506 binding protein 5 (FKBP5) gene variants in bipolar disorder (BPD). OBJECTIVE Given the need of refinement of the findings obtained in large but poorly phenotyped samples, this study investigated the possible role of variants within FKBP5 in a small but deeply phenotyped BPD sample. METHODS A sample (N = 131) of bipolar patients were investigated with 10 polymorphisms within the FKBP5 gene. A control sample (N = 65) was also used for the analyses. Treatment response and remission of symptoms were evaluated using of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS), and Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS). The same analyses were also performed on the depressive subsample of BPD (D.BPD). RESULTS rs3800373 was associated with disorder risk in the depressive BPD subsample with the G allele being more frequent in subjects with a D.BPD phenotype. This was the only association that survived statistical correction. CONCLUSIONS rs3800373 FKBP5 may increase the risk of developing predominantly depressed BPD, probably through the creation of an enhancer consensus sequence in the 3'UTR of the gene, thus potentially increasing its expression. This finding seems to be partially supported by literature data, which evidenced increased levels of FKBP5 in psychiatric subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Calabrò
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Concetta Crisafulli
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Marco Di Nicola
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Colombo
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Janiri
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Serretti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy,
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26
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Gassen NC, Niemeyer D, Muth D, Corman VM, Martinelli S, Gassen A, Hafner K, Papies J, Mösbauer K, Zellner A, Zannas AS, Herrmann A, Holsboer F, Brack-Werner R, Boshart M, Müller-Myhsok B, Drosten C, Müller MA, Rein T. SKP2 attenuates autophagy through Beclin1-ubiquitination and its inhibition reduces MERS-Coronavirus infection. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5770. [PMID: 31852899 PMCID: PMC6920372 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13659-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an essential cellular process affecting virus infections and other diseases and Beclin1 (BECN1) is one of its key regulators. Here, we identified S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (SKP2) as E3 ligase that executes lysine-48-linked poly-ubiquitination of BECN1, thus promoting its proteasomal degradation. SKP2 activity is regulated by phosphorylation in a hetero-complex involving FKBP51, PHLPP, AKT1, and BECN1. Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of SKP2 decreases BECN1 ubiquitination, decreases BECN1 degradation and enhances autophagic flux. Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) multiplication results in reduced BECN1 levels and blocks the fusion of autophagosomes and lysosomes. Inhibitors of SKP2 not only enhance autophagy but also reduce the replication of MERS-CoV up to 28,000-fold. The SKP2-BECN1 link constitutes a promising target for host-directed antiviral drugs and possibly other autophagy-sensitive conditions. Here, Gassen et al. show that S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (SKP2) is responsible for lysine-48-linked poly-ubiquitination of beclin 1, resulting in its proteasomal degradation, and that inhibition of SKP2 enhances autophagy and reduces replication of MERS coronavirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils C Gassen
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 10, 80804, Munich, Germany. .,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Venusberg Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Daniela Niemeyer
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Berlin, Germany
| | - Doreen Muth
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Berlin, Germany
| | - Victor M Corman
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Berlin, Germany
| | - Silvia Martinelli
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 10, 80804, Munich, Germany
| | - Alwine Gassen
- Faculty of Biology, Genetics, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich (LMU), 82152, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Kathrin Hafner
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 10, 80804, Munich, Germany
| | - Jan Papies
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Berlin, Germany
| | - Kirstin Mösbauer
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Zellner
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 10, 80804, Munich, Germany
| | - Anthony S Zannas
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 10, 80804, Munich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 438 Taylor Hall, 109 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, 27599-7096, NC, USA.,Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hil, Chapel Hill, 27599, NC, USA
| | - Alexander Herrmann
- HIV-Cell-Interactions Group, Institute of Virology, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Florian Holsboer
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 10, 80804, Munich, Germany
| | - Ruth Brack-Werner
- HIV-Cell-Interactions Group, Institute of Virology, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michael Boshart
- Faculty of Biology, Genetics, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich (LMU), 82152, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Bertram Müller-Myhsok
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 10, 80804, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, L69 3BX, Liverpool, UK.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology - SYNERGY, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Drosten
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcel A Müller
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Berlin, Germany.,Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector Borne Diseases, Sechenov University, 2-4 Bolshaya Pirogovskaya st., 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Theo Rein
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 10, 80804, Munich, Germany. .,Faculty of Medicine, Physiological Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich (LMU), 82152, Martinsried, Germany.
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FKBP5 methylation predicts functional network architecture of the rostral anterior cingulate cortex. Brain Struct Funct 2019; 225:33-43. [PMID: 31728624 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-019-01980-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
DNA methylation (DNAM) changes in the FKBP5 gene have been identified as a potential molecular mechanism explaining how environmental adversity may confer long-term health risks. However, the neurobiological correlates of epigenetic signatures in FKBP5 have only recently been explored in human brain imaging research. The present study aims to investigate associations of FKBP5 DNAM and functional network architecture during an implicit emotion regulation task (N = 74 healthy individuals). For this, we applied a data-driven multi-voxel pattern analysis (MVPA) to identify regions, where connectivity values vary as a function of FKBP5 DNAM, which then served as seed regions for functional network architecture analyses. Blood-derived DNA samples were obtained to analyze quantitative DNAM at three CpGs sites in intron 7 of the FKBP5 gene using bisulfite pyrosequencing. MPVA revealed a cluster within the right rostral ACC and the paracingulate ACCs, where connectivity patterns were strongly related to FKBP5 DNAM. Using this cluster as seed region for connectivity analyses, we further identified a functional network, including prefrontal, subcortical, insular, and thalamic regions, where connectivity patterns positively correlated with FKBP5 DNAM. A subsequent behavioral domain analyses to determine the functional specialization of this network revealed highest effect sizes for subdomains that represent affective and cognitive processes. Together, these findings suggest that FKBP5 demethylation predicts a widespread functional disruption in a brain network centrally implicated in emotion regulation and cognition, which may in turn convey increased disease susceptibility.
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28
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Halldorsdottir T, Kurtoic D, Müller-Myhsok B, Binder EB, Blair C. Neurobiology of Self-Regulation: Longitudinal Influence of FKBP5 and Intimate Partner Violence on Emotional and Cognitive Development in Childhood. Am J Psychiatry 2019; 176:626-634. [PMID: 30947533 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2019.18091018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Self-regulation includes the volitional and nonvolitional regulation of emotional, cognitive, and physiological responses to stimulation. It develops from infancy through individual characteristics and the environment, with the stress hormone system as a central player. Accordingly, the authors hypothesized that genes involved in regulating the stress system, such as FK506 binding protein 5 (FKBP5), interact with early-life stress exposure, such as exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV), to predict self-regulation indicators and associated outcomes, including behavioral and learning problems in school. METHODS Study participants were a longitudinal birth cohort of 910 children for whom FKBP5 genotypes were available and who were assessed for exposure to IPV during the first 2 years of life as well as multiple measures of self-regulation: stress-induced cortisol reactivity and fear-elicited emotional reactivity at 7, 15, and 24 months, executive function at 36, 48, and 60 months, and emotional and behavioral difficulties and reading and math achievement in school grades 1, 2, and 5. Data were analyzed using longitudinal clustering and ordinal logistic regression procedures followed by mixed linear modeling. RESULTS Children with two copies of a risk FKBP5 haplotype and IPV exposure were significantly more likely to have a developmental trajectory characterized by high, prolonged stress-induced cortisol reactivity and emotional reactivity in toddlerhood, followed by low executive function at school entry and high emotional and behavior problems and low reading ability in the primary school grades. CONCLUSIONS The interaction of FKBP5 and IPV affects the physiological response to stress early in life, with consequences for emotional and cognitive self-regulation. Targeting self-regulation may present an early intervention strategy for children facing genetic and environmental risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorhildur Halldorsdottir
- The Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich (Halldorsdottir, Kurtoic, Müller-Myhsok, Binder); the Center of Public Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík (Halldorsdottir); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, U.K. (Müller-Myhsok); the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (Binder); the Department of Applied Psychology, New York University, New York (Blair); the Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, and the Frank Porter Graham Child Development Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (Family Life Project Key Investigators)
| | - Dunja Kurtoic
- The Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich (Halldorsdottir, Kurtoic, Müller-Myhsok, Binder); the Center of Public Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík (Halldorsdottir); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, U.K. (Müller-Myhsok); the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (Binder); the Department of Applied Psychology, New York University, New York (Blair); the Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, and the Frank Porter Graham Child Development Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (Family Life Project Key Investigators)
| | - Bertram Müller-Myhsok
- The Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich (Halldorsdottir, Kurtoic, Müller-Myhsok, Binder); the Center of Public Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík (Halldorsdottir); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, U.K. (Müller-Myhsok); the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (Binder); the Department of Applied Psychology, New York University, New York (Blair); the Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, and the Frank Porter Graham Child Development Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (Family Life Project Key Investigators)
| | - Elisabeth B Binder
- The Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich (Halldorsdottir, Kurtoic, Müller-Myhsok, Binder); the Center of Public Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík (Halldorsdottir); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, U.K. (Müller-Myhsok); the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (Binder); the Department of Applied Psychology, New York University, New York (Blair); the Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, and the Frank Porter Graham Child Development Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (Family Life Project Key Investigators)
| | - Clancy Blair
- The Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich (Halldorsdottir, Kurtoic, Müller-Myhsok, Binder); the Center of Public Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík (Halldorsdottir); the Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, U.K. (Müller-Myhsok); the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta (Binder); the Department of Applied Psychology, New York University, New York (Blair); the Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, and the Frank Porter Graham Child Development Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (Family Life Project Key Investigators)
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29
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Jabbi M, Nemeroff CB. Convergent neurobiological predictors of mood and anxiety symptoms and treatment response. Expert Rev Neurother 2019; 19:587-597. [PMID: 31096806 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2019.1620604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Mood and anxiety disorders are leading contributors to the global burden of diseases. Comorbid mood and anxiety disorders have a lifetime prevalence of ~20% globally and increases the risk for suicide, a leading cause of death. Areas covered: In this review, authors highlight recent advances in the understanding of multilevel-neurobiological mechanisms for normal/pathological human affective-functioning. The authors then address the complex interplay between environmental-adversity and molecular-genetic mediators of brain correlates of affective-symptoms. The molecular focus is strategically limited to GTF2i, BDNF, and FKBP5 genes that are, respectively, involved in transcriptional-, neurodevelopmental- and neuroendocrine-pathway mediation of affective-functions. The importance of these genes is illustrated with studies of copy-number-variants, genome-wide association (GWAS), and candidate gene-sequence variant associations with disease etiology. Authors concluded by highlighting the predictive values of integrative neurobiological processing of gene-environment interactions for affective disorder symptom management. Expert opinion: Given the transcriptional, neurodevelopmental and neuroimmune relevance of GTF2i, BDNF, and FKBP5 genes, respectively, authors reviewed the putative roles of these genes in neurobiological mediation of adaptive affective-responses. Authors discussed the importance of studying gene-dosage effects in understanding affective disorder risk biology, and how such targeted neurogenetic studies could guide precision identification of novel pharmacotherapeutic targets and aid in prediction of treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mbemba Jabbi
- a Department of Psychiatry , Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin , Austin , TX , USA.,b Mulva Neuroscience Institute, Dell Medical School , University of Texas at Austin , Austin , TX , USA.,c Institute of Neuroscience , University of Texas at Austin , Austin , TX , USA.,d Department of Psychology , University of Texas at Austin , Austin , TX , USA
| | - Charles B Nemeroff
- a Department of Psychiatry , Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin , Austin , TX , USA.,b Mulva Neuroscience Institute, Dell Medical School , University of Texas at Austin , Austin , TX , USA.,e Institute for Early Life Adversity , Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin , Austin , TX , USA
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30
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The role of the genome in experience-dependent plasticity: Extending the analogy of the genomic action potential. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 117:23252-23260. [PMID: 31127037 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1820837116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Our past experiences shape our current and future behavior. These experiences must leave some enduring imprint on our brains, altering neural circuits that mediate behavior and contributing to our individual differences. As a framework for understanding how experiences might produce lasting changes in neural circuits, Clayton [D. F. Clayton, Neurobiol. Learn. Mem. 74, 185-216 (2000)] introduced the concept of the genomic action potential (gAP)-a structured genomic response in the brain to acute experience. Similar to the familiar electrophysiological action potential (eAP), the gAP also provides a means for integrating afferent patterns of activity but on a slower timescale and with longer-lasting effects. We revisit this concept in light of contemporary work on experience-dependent modification of neural circuits. We review the "Immediate Early Gene" (IEG) response, the starting point for understanding the gAP. We discuss evidence for its involvement in the encoding of experience to long-term memory across time and biological levels of organization ranging from individual cells to cell ensembles and whole organisms. We explore distinctions between memory encoding and homeostatic functions and consider the potential for perpetuation of the imprint of experience through epigenetic mechanisms. We describe a specific example of a gAP in humans linked to individual differences in the response to stress. Finally, we identify key objectives and new tools for continuing research in this area.
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31
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The Disease-Associated Chaperone FKBP51 Impairs Cognitive Function by Accelerating AMPA Receptor Recycling. eNeuro 2019; 6:eN-NWR-0242-18. [PMID: 30963102 PMCID: PMC6450497 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0242-18.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased expression of the FK506-binding protein 5 (FKBP5) gene has been associated with a number of diseases, but most prominently in connection to psychiatric illnesses. Many of these psychiatric disorders present with dementia and other cognitive deficits, but a direct connection between these issues and alterations in FKBP5 remains unclear. We generated a novel transgenic mouse to selectively overexpress FKBP5, which encodes the FKBP51 protein, in the corticolimbic system, which had no overt effects on gross body weight, motor ability, or general anxiety. Instead, we found that overexpression of FKBP51 impaired long-term depression (LTD) as well as spatial reversal learning and memory, suggesting a role in glutamate receptor regulation. Indeed, FKBP51 altered the association of heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with AMPA receptors, which was accompanied by an accelerated rate of AMPA recycling. In this way, the chaperone system is critical in triage decisions for AMPA receptor trafficking. Imbalance in the chaperone system may manifest in impairments in both inhibitory learning and cognitive function. These findings uncover an unexpected and essential mechanism for learning and memory that is controlled by the psychiatric risk factor FKBP5.
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32
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Rotoli D, Morales M, Maeso MDC, Ávila J, Pérez-Rodríguez ND, Mobasheri A, van Noorden CJF, Martín-Vasallo P. IQGAP1, AmotL2, and FKBP51 Scaffoldins in the Glioblastoma Microenvironment. J Histochem Cytochem 2019; 67:481-494. [PMID: 30794467 DOI: 10.1369/0022155419833334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is the most frequently occurring and aggressive primary brain tumor. Glioma stem cells (GSCs) and astrocytoma cells are the predominant malignant cells occurring in GB besides a highly heterogeneous population of migrating, neovascularizing and infiltrating myeloid cells that forms a complex tumor microenvironment (TME). Cross talk between the TME cells is pivotal in the biology of this tumor and, consequently, adaptor proteins at critical junctions of signaling pathways may be crucial. Scaffold proteins (scaffolins or scaffoldins) integrate external and internal stimuli to regulate various signaling pathways, interacting simultaneously with multiple proteins involved. We investigated by double and triple immunofluorescence the localization of IQGAP1, AmotL2, and FKBP51, three closely related scaffoldins, in malignant cells and TME of human GB tumors. We found that IQGAP1 is preferentially expressed in astrocytoma cells, AmotL2 in GSCs, and FKBP51 in white blood cells in human GB tumors. As GSCs are specially the target for novel therapies, we will investigate in further studies whether AmotL2 inhibition is effective in the treatment of GB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Rotoli
- UD of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.,Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas de Canarias.,Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain.,Istituto per l'Endocrinologia e l'Oncologia Sperimentale Gaetano Salvatore, Naples, Italy.,Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz, Spain
| | - Manuel Morales
- Oncología Médica.,Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz, Spain.,Oncología Médica, Hospiten Rambla, Santa Cruz, Spain
| | - María-Del-C Maeso
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica.,Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz, Spain
| | - Julio Ávila
- UD of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.,Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas de Canarias.,Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | | | - Ali Mobasheri
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Center for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Cornelis J F van Noorden
- Department of Medical Biology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Pablo Martín-Vasallo
- UD of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.,Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas de Canarias.,Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
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33
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Ising M, Maccarrone G, Brückl T, Scheuer S, Hennings J, Holsboer F, Turck CW, Uhr M, Lucae S. FKBP5 Gene Expression Predicts Antidepressant Treatment Outcome in Depression. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030485. [PMID: 30678080 PMCID: PMC6387218 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adverse experiences and chronic stress are well-known risk factors for the development of major depression, and an impaired stress response regulation is frequently observed in acute depression. Impaired glucocorticoid receptor (GR) signalling plays an important role in these alterations, and a restoration of GR signalling appears to be a prerequisite of successful antidepressant treatment. Variants in genes of the stress response regulation contribute to the vulnerability to depression in traumatized subjects. Consistent findings point to an important role of FKBP5, the gene expressing FK506-binding protein 51 (FKBP51), which is a strong inhibitor of the GR, and thus, an important regulator of the stress response. We investigated the role of FKBP5 and FKB51 expression with respect to stress response regulation and antidepressant treatment outcome in depressed patients. This study included 297 inpatients, who participated in the Munich Antidepressant Response Signature (MARS) project and were treated for acute depression. In this open-label study, patients received antidepressant treatment according to the attending doctor’s choice. In addition to the FKBP5 genotype, changes in blood FKBP51 expression during antidepressant treatment were analyzed using RT-PCR and ZeptoMARKTM reverse phase protein microarray (RPPM). Stress response regulation was evaluated in a subgroup of patients using the combined dexamethasone (dex)/corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) test. As expected, increased FKBP51 expression was associated with an impaired stress response regulation at baseline and after six weeks was accompanied by an elevated cortisol response to the combined dex/CRH test. Further, we demonstrated an active involvement of FKBP51 in antidepressant treatment outcome. While patients responding to antidepressant treatment had a pronounced reduction of FKBP5 gene and FKBP51 protein expression, increasing expression levels were observed in nonresponders. This effect was moderated by the genotype of the FKBP5 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1360780, with carriers of the minor allele showing the most pronounced association. Our findings demonstrate that FKBP5 and, specifically, its expression product FKBP51 are important modulators of antidepressant treatment outcome, pointing to a new, promising target for future antidepressant drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Ising
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany.
| | | | - Tanja Brückl
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany.
| | - Sandra Scheuer
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany.
| | | | - Florian Holsboer
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany.
- HMNC Brain Health GmbH, 80807 Munich, Germany.
| | | | - Manfred Uhr
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany.
| | - Susanne Lucae
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany.
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34
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Rein T. Is Autophagy Involved in the Diverse Effects of Antidepressants? Cells 2019; 8:E44. [PMID: 30642024 PMCID: PMC6356221 DOI: 10.3390/cells8010044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy has received increased attention as a conserved process governing cellular energy and protein homeostasis that is thus relevant in a range of physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Recently, autophagy has also been linked to depression, mainly through its involvement in the action of antidepressants. Some antidepressant drugs and psychotropic medication have been reported to exert beneficial effects in other diseases, for example, in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. This review collates the evidence for the hypothesis that autophagy contributes to the effects of antidepressants beyond depression treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theo Rein
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich 80804, Germany.
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Sotiropoulos I, Silva JM, Gomes P, Sousa N, Almeida OFX. Stress and the Etiopathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease and Depression. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1184:241-257. [PMID: 32096043 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-32-9358-8_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder with a complex physiopathology whose initiators are poorly defined. Accumulating clinical and experimental evidence suggests a causal role of lifetime stress in AD. This chapter summarizes current knowledge about how chronic stress and its accompanying high levels of glucocorticoid (GC) secretion, trigger the two main pathomechanisms of AD: (i) misprocessing of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and the generation of amyloid beta (Aβ) and (ii) Tau hyperphosphorylation and aggregation. Given that depression is a well-known stress-related illness, and the evidence that depression may precede AD, this chapter also explores neurobiological mechanisms that may be common to depressive and AD pathologies. This review also discusses emerging insights into the role of Tau and its malfunction in disrupting neuronal cascades and neuroplasticity and, thus triggering brain pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Sotiropoulos
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho - Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal.
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Joana M Silva
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho - Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Patricia Gomes
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho - Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Nuno Sousa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho - Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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Gassen NC, Rein T. Is There a Role of Autophagy in Depression and Antidepressant Action? Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:337. [PMID: 31156481 PMCID: PMC6529564 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy has been recognized as evolutionary conserved intracellular pathway that ensures energy, organelle, and protein homeostasis through lysosomal degradation of damaged macromolecules and organelles. It is activated under various stress situations, e.g., food deprivation or proteotoxic conditions. Autophagy has been linked to several diseases, more recently also including stress-related diseases such as depression. A growing number of publications report on the role of autophagy in neurons, also referred to as "neuronal autophagy" on the one hand, and several studies describe effects of antidepressants-or of compounds that exert antidepressant-like actions-on autophagy on the other hand. This minireview highlights the emerging evidence for the involvement of autophagy in the pathology and treatment of depression and discusses current limitations as well as potential avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils C Gassen
- Department of Psychiatry, Bonn Clinical Center, Bonn, Germany.,Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Theo Rein
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
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Bernadotte A, Kumar R, Winblad B, Pavlov PF. In silico identification and biochemical characterization of the human dicarboxylate clamp TPR protein interaction network. FEBS Open Bio 2018; 8:1830-1843. [PMID: 30410862 PMCID: PMC6212638 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dicarboxylate clamp tetratricopeptide repeat (dcTPR) motif‐containing proteins are well‐known partners of the heat shock protein (Hsp) 70 and Hsp90 molecular chaperones. Together, they facilitate a variety of intracellular processes, including protein folding and maturation, protein targeting, and protein degradation. An extreme C‐terminal sequence, the EEVD motif, is identical in Hsp70 and Hsp90, and is indispensable for their interaction with dcTPR proteins. However, almost no information is available on the existence of other potential dcTPR‐interacting proteins. We searched the human protein database for proteins with C‐terminal sequences similar to that of Hsp70/Hsp90 to identify potential partners of dcTPR proteins. The search identified 112 proteins containing a Hsp70/Hsp90‐like signature at their C termini. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis of identified proteins revealed enrichment of distinct protein classes, such as molecular chaperones and proteins of the ubiquitin–proteasome system, highlighting the possibility of functional specialization of proteins containing a Hsp70/Hsp90‐like signature. We confirmed interactions of selected proteins containing Hsp70/Hsp90‐like C termini with dcTPR proteins both in vitro and in situ. Analysis of interactions of 10‐amino‐acid peptides corresponding to the C termini of identified proteins with dcTPR proteins revealed significant differences in binding strength between various peptides. We propose a hierarchical mode of interaction within the dcTPR protein network. These findings describe a novel dcTPR protein interaction networks and provide a rationale for selective regulation of protein–protein interactions within this network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Bernadotte
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Biophysics Karolinska Institutet Solna Sweden.,Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics Lomonosov Moscow State University Russia
| | - Rajnish Kumar
- Division of Neurogeriatrics Department of Neuroscience Care and Society Karolinska Institutet Huddinge Sweden
| | - Bengt Winblad
- Division of Neurogeriatrics Department of Neuroscience Care and Society Karolinska Institutet Huddinge Sweden.,Memory Clinic Theme Aging Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge Sweden
| | - Pavel F Pavlov
- Division of Neurogeriatrics Department of Neuroscience Care and Society Karolinska Institutet Huddinge Sweden.,Memory Clinic Theme Aging Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge Sweden
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Matosin N, Halldorsdottir T, Binder EB. Understanding the Molecular Mechanisms Underpinning Gene by Environment Interactions in Psychiatric Disorders: The FKBP5 Model. Biol Psychiatry 2018; 83:821-830. [PMID: 29573791 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiologic and genetic studies suggest common environmental and genetic risk factors for a number of psychiatric disorders, including depression, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. Genetic and environmental factors, especially adverse life events, not only have main effects on disease development but also may interact to shape risk and resilience. Such gene by adversity interactions have been described for FKBP5, an endogenous regulator of the stress-neuroendocrine system, conferring risk for a number of psychiatric disorders. In this review, we present a molecular and cellular model of the consequences of FKBP5 by early adversity interactions. We illustrate how altered genetic and epigenetic regulation of FKBP5 may contribute to disease risk by covering evidence from clinical and preclinical studies of FKBP5 dysregulation, known cell-type and tissue-type expression patterns of FKBP5 in humans and animals, and the role of FKBP5 as a stress-responsive molecular hub modulating many cellular pathways. FKBP5 presents the possibility to better understand the molecular and cellular factors contributing to a disease-relevant gene by environment interaction, with implications for the development of biomarkers and interventions for psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Matosin
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Thorhildur Halldorsdottir
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Elisabeth B Binder
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
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Dick A, Provencal N. Central Neuroepigenetic Regulation of the Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal Axis. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2018; 158:105-127. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Wang Q, Shelton RC, Dwivedi Y. Interaction between early-life stress and FKBP5 gene variants in major depressive disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2018; 225:422-428. [PMID: 28850857 PMCID: PMC5626653 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.08.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gene-environment interaction contributes to the risks of psychiatric disorders. Interactions between FKBP5 gene variants and early-life stress may enhance the risk not only for mood disorder, but also for a number of other behavioral phenotypes. The aim of the present study was to review and conduct a meta-analysis on the results from published studies examining interaction between FKBP5 gene variants and early-life stress and their associations with stress-related disorders such as major depression and PTSD. METHODS A literature search was conducted using PsychINFO and PubMed databases until May 2017. A total of 14 studies with a pooled total of 15109 participants met the inclusion criteria, the results of which were combined and a meta-analysis was performed using the differences in correlations as the effect measure. Based on literature, rs1360780, rs3800373, and rs9470080 SNPs were selected within the FKBP5 gene and systematic review was conducted. RESULTS Based on the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software, no publication bias was detected. Sensitivity analysis and credibility of meta-analysis results also indicated that the analyses were stable. The meta-analysis showed that individuals who carry T allele of rs1360780, C-allele of rs3800373 or T-allele of rs9470080 exposed to early-life trauma had higher risks for depression or PTSD. LIMITATIONS The effects of ethnicity, age, sex, and different stress measures were not examined due to limited sample size. CONCLUSIONS These results provide strong evidence of interactions between FKBP5 genotypes and early-life stress, which could pose a significant risk factor for stress-associated disorders such as major depression and PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingzhong Wang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Richard C Shelton
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Yogesh Dwivedi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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Fries GR, Gassen NC, Rein T. The FKBP51 Glucocorticoid Receptor Co-Chaperone: Regulation, Function, and Implications in Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18122614. [PMID: 29206196 PMCID: PMC5751217 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the chaperones and co-chaperones regulating the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), FK506 binding protein (FKBP) 51 is the most intensely investigated across different disciplines. This review provides an update on the role of the different co-chaperones of Hsp70 and Hsp90 in the regulation of GR function. The development leading to the focus on FKBP51 is outlined. Further, a survey of the vast literature on the mechanism and function of FKBP51 is provided. This includes its structure and biochemical function, its regulation on different levels—transcription, post-transcription, and post-translation—and its function in signaling pathways. The evidence portraying FKBP51 as a scaffolding protein organizing protein complexes rather than a chaperone contributing to the folding of individual proteins is collated. Finally, FKBP51’s involvement in physiology and disease is outlined, and the promising efforts in developing drugs targeting FKBP51 are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel R Fries
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77054, USA.
| | - Nils C Gassen
- Department of Translational Science in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany.
| | - Theo Rein
- Department of Translational Science in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany.
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42
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Bonner JM, Boulianne GL. Diverse structures, functions and uses of FK506 binding proteins. Cell Signal 2017; 38:97-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2017.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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43
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Bekhbat M, Rowson SA, Neigh GN. Checks and balances: The glucocorticoid receptor and NFĸB in good times and bad. Front Neuroendocrinol 2017; 46:15-31. [PMID: 28502781 PMCID: PMC5523465 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Mutual regulation and balance between the endocrine and immune systems facilitate an organism's stress response and are impaired following chronic stress or prolonged immune activation. Concurrent alterations in stress physiology and immunity are increasingly recognized as contributing factors to several stress-linked neuropsychiatric disorders including depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Accumulating evidence suggests that impaired balance and crosstalk between the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB) - effectors of the stress and immune axes, respectively - may play a key role in mediating the harmful effects of chronic stress on mood and behavior. Here, we first review the molecular mechanisms of GR and NFκB interactions in health, then describe potential shifts in the GR-NFκB dynamics in chronic stress conditions within the context of brain circuitry relevant to neuropsychiatric diseases. Furthermore, we discuss developmental influences and sex differences in the regulation of these two transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandakh Bekhbat
- Emory University, Graduate Division of Biological Sciences, Neuroscience Graduate Program, United States
| | - Sydney A Rowson
- Emory University, Graduate Division of Biological Sciences, Molecular and Systems Pharmacology Graduate Studies Program, United States
| | - Gretchen N Neigh
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, United States.
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44
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Rotoli D, Morales M, Ávila J, Maeso MDC, García MDP, Mobasheri A, Martín-Vasallo P. Commitment of Scaffold Proteins in the Onco-Biology of Human Colorectal Cancer and Liver Metastases after Oxaliplatin-Based Chemotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18040891. [PMID: 28441737 PMCID: PMC5412470 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18040891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Scaffold proteins play pivotal roles in the regulation of signaling pathways, integrating external and internal stimuli to various cellular outputs. We report the pattern of cellular and subcellular expression of scaffoldins angiomotin-like 2 (AmotL2), FK506 binding protein 5 (FKBP51) and IQ motif containing GTPase-activating protein 1 (IQGAP1) in colorectal cancer (CRC) and metastases in liver resected after oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy (CT). Positive immunostaining for the three scaffoldins was found in most cells in healthy colon, tumor, healthy liver and metastasized liver. The patterns of expression of AmotL2, FKBP51 and IQGAP1 show the greatest variability in immune system cells and neurons and glia cells and the least in blood vessel cells. The simultaneous subcellular localization in tumor cells and other cell types within the tumor suggest an involvement of these three scaffoldins in cancer biology, including a role in Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition. The display in differential localization and quantitative expression of AmotL2, FKBP51, and IQGAP1 could be used as biomarkers for more accurate tumor staging and as potential targets for anti-cancer therapeutics by blocking or slowing down their interconnecting functions. Tough further research needs to be done in order to improve these assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Rotoli
- Laboratorio de Biología del Desarrollo, UD de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular and Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Canarias (CIBICAN), Universidad de La Laguna, Av. Astrofísico Sánchez s/n., 38206 La Laguna, Spain.
- CNR-National Research Council, Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology (IEOS), Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Manuel Morales
- Service of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, 38010 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain.
- Service of Medical Oncology, Hospiten® Hospitals, 38001 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain.
| | - Julio Ávila
- Laboratorio de Biología del Desarrollo, UD de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular and Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Canarias (CIBICAN), Universidad de La Laguna, Av. Astrofísico Sánchez s/n., 38206 La Laguna, Spain.
| | - María Del Carmen Maeso
- Service of Pathology, University Hospital Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, 38010 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain.
| | | | - Ali Mobasheri
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, GU2 7XH Guildford, UK.
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research (CEGMR), King Fahd Medical Research Center (KFMRC), Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King AbdulAziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Pablo Martín-Vasallo
- Laboratorio de Biología del Desarrollo, UD de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular and Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Canarias (CIBICAN), Universidad de La Laguna, Av. Astrofísico Sánchez s/n., 38206 La Laguna, Spain.
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45
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Binder EB. Dissecting the molecular mechanisms of gene x environment interactions: implications for diagnosis and treatment of stress-related psychiatric disorders. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2017; 8:1412745. [PMID: 29372006 PMCID: PMC5774411 DOI: 10.1080/20008198.2017.1412745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies indicate a combined contribution of genetic and environmental factors, mainly exposure to adverse life events, in the risk for psychiatric disease. Understanding how adverse life events interact with genetic predisposition on the molecular level to shape risk and resilience to psychiatric disorders may yield important insight into disease mechanism. Using the example of the molecular mechanisms of interaction of functional genetic variants within the stress-regulating gene FKBP5 and early adversity, it is delineated how this interaction could contribute to transdiagnostic disease risk via a combined genetic and epigenetic disinhibition of FKBP5 transcription. This knowledge may now allow to develop biomarkers for a transdiagnostic subset of psychiatric patients and to personalize treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth B Binder
- Department of Translational Research in PsychiatryMax-Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesEmory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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