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Anwardeen N, Naja K, Elrayess MA. Association between antioxidant metabolites and N-terminal fragment brain natriuretic peptides in insulin-resistant individuals. Cardiovasc Endocrinol Metab 2024; 13:e0303. [PMID: 38706534 PMCID: PMC11068140 DOI: 10.1097/xce.0000000000000303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Objectives Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the development of metabolic syndrome, including heart failure and insulin resistance. The N-terminal fragment of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) has been associated with heightened oxidative stress in heart failure patients. Yet, its correlation with insulin resistance remains poorly understood. Our objective is to investigate the association between oxidative stress markers and NT-proBNP levels in insulin-resistant individuals. Methods In this cross-sectional study involving 393 participants from the Qatar Biobank, clinical and metabolic data were collected, and the association between NT-proBNP and 72 oxidative stress metabolites was compared between insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant individuals. Results Our results showed significantly lower NT-proBNP levels in insulin-resistant individuals (median = 17 pg/ml; interquartile range = 10.3-29) when compared to their insulin-sensitive counterparts (median = 31 pg/ml; interquartile range = 19-57). Moreover, we revealed notable associations between NT-proBNP levels and antioxidant metabolic pathways, particularly those related to glutathione metabolism, in insulin-resistant, but not insulin-sensitive individuals. Conclusion The significant decrease in NT-proBNP observed in individuals with insulin resistance may be attributed to a direct or indirect enhancement in glutathione production, which is regarded as a compensatory mechanism against oxidative stress. This study could advance our understanding of the interplay between oxidative stress during insulin resistance and cardiovascular risk, which could lead to novel therapeutic approaches for managing cardiovascular diseases. Further investigations are needed to assess the practical utility of these potential metabolites and understand the causal nature of their association with NT-proBNP in the etiology of insulin resistance.
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2
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Mok JH, Park DY, Han JC. Differential protein expression and metabolite profiling in glaucoma: Insights from a multi-omics analysis. Biofactors 2024. [PMID: 38818964 DOI: 10.1002/biof.2079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Various substances within the aqueous humor (AH) can directly or indirectly impact intraocular tissues associated with intraocular pressure (IOP), a critical factor in glaucoma development. This study aims to investigate individual changes in these AH substances and the interactions among altered components through a multi-omics approach. LC/MS analysis was conducted on AH samples from patients with exfoliation syndrome (XFS, n = 5), exfoliation glaucoma (XFG, n = 4), primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG, n = 11), and cataracts (control group, n = 7). Subsequently, differentially expressed proteins and metabolites among groups, alterations in their network interactions, and their biological functions were examined. Both data-independent acquisition and data-dependent acquisition methods were employed to analyze the AH proteome and metabolome, and the results were integrated for a comprehensive analysis. In the proteomics analysis, proteins upregulated in both the XFG and POAG groups were associated with lipid metabolism, complement activation, and extracellular matrix regulation. Metabolomic analysis highlighted significant changes in amino acids related to antioxidant processes in the glaucoma groups. Notably, VTN, APOA1, C6, and L-phenylalanine exhibited significant alterations in the glaucoma groups. Integration of individual omics analyses demonstrated that substances associated with inflammation and lipid metabolism, altered in the glaucoma groups, showed robust interactions within a complex network involving PLG, APOA1, and L-phenylalanine or C3, APOD, and L-valine. These findings offer valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms governing IOP regulation and may contribute to the development of new biomarkers for managing glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hun Mok
- Department of Medical Device Management and Research, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do Young Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Chul Han
- Department of Medical Device Management and Research, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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3
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Gonzalez LN, Cabeza MS, Robello C, Guerrero SA, Iglesias AA, Arias DG. Biochemical characterization of GAF domain of free-R-methionine sulfoxide reductase from Trypanosoma cruzi. Biochimie 2023; 213:190-204. [PMID: 37423556 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi is the causal agent of Chagas Disease and is a unicellular parasite that infects a wide variety of mammalian hosts. The parasite exhibits auxotrophy by L-Met; consequently, it must be acquired from the extracellular environment of the host, either mammalian or invertebrate. Methionine (Met) oxidation produces a racemic mixture (R and S forms) of methionine sulfoxide (MetSO). Reduction of L-MetSO (free or protein-bound) to L-Met is catalyzed by methionine sulfoxide reductases (MSRs). Bioinformatics analyses identified the coding sequence for a free-R-MSR (fRMSR) enzyme in the genome of T. cruzi Dm28c. Structurally, this enzyme is a modular protein with a putative N-terminal GAF domain linked to a C-terminal TIP41 motif. We performed detailed biochemical and kinetic characterization of the GAF domain of fRMSR in combination with mutant versions of specific cysteine residues, namely, Cys12, Cys98, Cys108, and Cys132. The isolated recombinant GAF domain and full-length fRMSR exhibited specific catalytic activity for the reduction of free L-Met(R)SO (non-protein bound), using tryparedoxins as reducing partners. We demonstrated that this process involves two Cys residues, Cys98 and Cys132. Cys132 is the essential catalytic residue on which a sulfenic acid intermediate is formed. Cys98 is the resolutive Cys, which forms a disulfide bond with Cys132 as a catalytic step. Overall, our results provide new insights into redox metabolism in T. cruzi, contributing to previous knowledge of L-Met metabolism in this parasite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihue N Gonzalez
- Laboratorio de Enzimología Molecular - Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina; Cátedra de Bioquímica Básica de Macromoléculas. Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas - Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Matías S Cabeza
- Laboratorio de Micología y Diagnóstico Molecular. Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina; Cátedra de Parasitología y Micología. Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas - Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Carlos Robello
- Laboratorio de Interacciones Hospedero Patógeno/UBM, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay; Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Sergio A Guerrero
- Laboratorio de Enzimología Molecular - Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina; Cátedra de Parasitología y Micología. Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas - Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Alberto A Iglesias
- Laboratorio de Enzimología Molecular - Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina; Cátedra de Bioquímica Básica de Macromoléculas. Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas - Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Diego G Arias
- Laboratorio de Enzimología Molecular - Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina; Cátedra de Bioquímica Básica de Macromoléculas. Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas - Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina.
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4
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Sadowska-Bartosz I, Bartosz G. Antioxidant defense of Deinococcus radiodurans: how does it contribute to extreme radiation resistance? Int J Radiat Biol 2023; 99:1803-1829. [PMID: 37498212 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2023.2241895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Deinococcus radiodurans is an extremely radioresistant bacterium characterized by D10 of 10 kGy, and able to grow luxuriantly under chronic ionizing radiation of 60 Gy/h. The aim of this article is to review the antioxidant system of D. radiodurans and its possible role in the unusual resistance of this bacterium to ionizing radiation. CONCLUSIONS The unusual radiation resistance of D. radiodurans has apparently evolved as a side effect of the adaptation of this extremophile to other damaging environmental factors, especially desiccation. The antioxidant proteins and low-molecular antioxidants (especially low-molecular weight Mn2+ complexes and carotenoids, in particular, deinoxanthin), as well as protein and non-protein regulators, are important for the antioxidant defense of this species. Antioxidant protection of proteins from radiation inactivation enables the repair of DNA damage caused by ionizing radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Sadowska-Bartosz
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Bartosz
- Department of Bioenergetics, Food Analysis and Microbiology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland
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5
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Vincent MS, Ezraty B. Methionine oxidation in bacteria: A reversible post-translational modification. Mol Microbiol 2023; 119:143-150. [PMID: 36350090 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.15000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Methionine is a sulfur-containing residue found in most proteins which are particularly susceptible to oxidation. Although methionine oxidation causes protein damage, it can in some cases activate protein function. Enzymatic systems reducing oxidized methionine have evolved in most bacterial species and methionine oxidation proves to be a reversible post-translational modification regulating protein activity. In this review, we inspect recent examples of methionine oxidation provoking protein loss and gain of function. We further speculate on the role of methionine oxidation as a multilayer endogenous antioxidant system and consider its potential consequences for bacterial virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxence S Vincent
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bactérienne, Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, Marseille, France
| | - Benjamin Ezraty
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bactérienne, Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, Marseille, France
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6
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Serum and Urine Metabolites in Healthy Men after Consumption of Acidified Milk and Yogurt. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14224794. [PMID: 36432479 PMCID: PMC9698558 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of molecular biomarkers that can be used to quantitatively link dietary intake to phenotypic traits in humans is a key theme in modern nutritional research. Although dairy products (with and without fermentation) represent a major food group, the identification of markers of their intake lags behind that of other food groups. Here, we report the results from an analysis of the metabolites in postprandial serum and urine samples from a randomized crossover study with 14 healthy men who ingested acidified milk, yogurt, and a non-dairy meal. Our study confirms the potential of lactose and its metabolites as markers of lactose-containing dairy foods and the dependence of their combined profiles on the fermentation status of the consumed products. Furthermore, indole-3-lactic acid and 3-phenyllactic acid are two products of fermentation whose postprandial behaviour strongly discriminates yogurt from milk intake. Our study also provides evidence of the ability of milk fermentation to increase the acute delivery of free amino acids to humans. Notably, 3,5-dimethyloctan-2-one also proves to be a specific marker for milk and yogurt consumption, as well as for cheese consumption (previously published data). These molecules deserve future characterisation in human interventional and observational studies.
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7
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Tarrago L, Kaya A, Kim HY, Manta B, Lee BC, Gladyshev VN. The selenoprotein methionine sulfoxide reductase B1 (MSRB1). Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 191:228-240. [PMID: 36084791 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.08.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Methionine (Met) can be oxidized to methionine sulfoxide (MetO), which exist as R- and S-diastereomers. Present in all three domains of life, methionine sulfoxide reductases (MSR) are the enzymes that reduce MetO back to Met. Most characterized among them are MSRA and MSRB, which are strictly stereospecific for the S- and R-diastereomers of MetO, respectively. While the majority of MSRs use a catalytic Cys to reduce their substrates, some employ selenocysteine. This is the case of mammalian MSRB1, which was initially discovered as selenoprotein SELR or SELX and later was found to exhibit an MSRB activity. Genomic analyses demonstrated its occurrence in most animal lineages, and biochemical and structural analyses uncovered its catalytic mechanism. The use of transgenic mice and mammalian cell culture revealed its physiological importance in the protection against oxidative stress, maintenance of neuronal cells, cognition, cancer cell proliferation, and the immune response. Coincident with the discovery of Met oxidizing MICAL enzymes, recent findings of MSRB1 regulating the innate immunity response through reversible stereospecific Met-R-oxidation of cytoskeletal actin opened up new avenues for biological importance of MSRB1 and its role in disease. In this review, we discuss the current state of research on MSRB1, compare it with other animal Msrs, and offer a perspective on further understanding of biological functions of this selenoprotein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lionel Tarrago
- UMR 1163, Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, INRAE, Aix-Marseille Université, 13009, Marseille, France.
| | - Alaattin Kaya
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA
| | - Hwa-Young Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Bruno Manta
- Laboratorio de Genomica Microbiana, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, 11440, Montevideo, Uruguay; Catedra de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de la República, Las Heras 1925, 11600, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Byung-Cheon Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Vadim N Gladyshev
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02115, USA.
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8
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Nasreen M, Nair RP, McEwan AG, Kappler U. The Peptide Methionine Sulfoxide Reductase (MsrAB) of Haemophilus influenzae Repairs Oxidatively Damaged Outer Membrane and Periplasmic Proteins Involved in Nutrient Acquisition and Virulence. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081557. [PMID: 36009276 PMCID: PMC9404787 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulfoxide-damage repair mechanisms are emerging as essential for the virulence of bacterial pathogens, and in the human respiratory pathogen Haemophilus influenzae the periplasmic MsrAB peptide methionine sulfoxide reductase is necessary for resistance to reactive chlorine species such as hypochlorite. Additionally, this enzyme has a role in modulating the host immune response to infection. Here, we have analysed the enzymatic properties of MsrAB, which revealed that both domains of the protein are catalytically active, with the turnover number of the MsrA domain being 50% greater than that for the MsrB domain. MsrAB was active with small molecular sulfoxides as well as oxidised calmodulin, and maximal activity was observed at 30°C, a temperature close to that found in the natural niche of H. influenzae, the nasopharynx. Analyses of differential methionine oxidation identified 29 outer membrane and periplasmic proteins that are likely substrates for MsrAB. These included the LldD lactate dehydrogenase and the lipoprotein eP4 that is involved in NAD and hemin metabolism in H. influenzae. Subsequent experiments showed that H. influenzae MsrAB can repair oxidative damage to methionines in purified eP4 with up to 100% efficiency. Our work links MsrAB to the maintenance of different adhesins and essential metabolic processes in the H. influenzae, such as NAD metabolism and access to L-lactate, which is a key growth substrate for H. influenzae during infection.
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Peng T, Tian J, Zhao Y, Jiang X, Cheng X, Deng G, Zhang Q, Wang Z, Yang J, Chen Y. Multienzyme Redox System with Cofactor Regeneration for Cyclic Deracemization of Sulfoxides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202209272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Peng
- Zunyi Medical University Department of Biochemistry CHINA
| | - Jin Tian
- Zunyi Medical University Department of Biochemistry CHINA
| | - Yuyan Zhao
- Zunyi Medical University Department of Biochemistry CHINA
| | - Xu Jiang
- Zunyi Medical University Department of Biochemistry CHINA
| | - Xiaoling Cheng
- Zunyi Medical University Department of Biochemistry CHINA
| | - Guozhong Deng
- Zunyi Medical University Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province CHINA
| | - Quan Zhang
- Zunyi Medical University Department of Biochemistry CHINA
| | - Zhongqiang Wang
- Zunyi Medical University Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province CHINA
| | - Jiawei Yang
- Zunyi Medical University Department of Biochemistry CHINA
| | - Yongzheng Chen
- Zunyi Medical University School of Pharmacy 6#, Xuefu West Road,Zunyi, Guizhou,P.R. China 563000 Zunyi CHINA
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10
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Peng T, Tian J, Zhao Y, Jiang X, Cheng X, Deng G, Zhang Q, Wang Z, Yang J, Chen Y. Multienzyme Redox System with Cofactor Regeneration for Cyclic Deracemization of Sulfoxides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202209272. [PMID: 35831972 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202209272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Optically pure sulfoxides are noteworthy compounds applied in a wide range of industrial fields; however, the biocatalytic deracemization of racemic sulfoxides is challenging. Herein, a high-enantioselective methionine sulfoxide reductase A (MsrA) was combined with a low-enantioselective styrene monooxygenase (SMO) for the cyclic deracemization of sulfoxides. Enantiopure sulfoxides were obtained in >90% yield and with >90% enantiomeric excess ( ee ) through dynamic "selective reduction and non-selective oxidation" cycles. The cofactors of MsrA and SMO were subsequently regenerated by the cascade catalysis of three auxiliary enzymes through the consumption of low-cost D-glucose. Moreover, this "one-pot, one-step" cyclic deracemization strategy exhibited a wide substrate scope toward various aromatic, heteroaromatic, alkyl and thio-alkyl sulfoxides. This system proposed an efficient strategy for the green synthesis of chiral sulfoxide .
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Peng
- Zunyi Medical University, Department of Biochemistry, CHINA
| | - Jin Tian
- Zunyi Medical University, Department of Biochemistry, CHINA
| | - Yuyan Zhao
- Zunyi Medical University, Department of Biochemistry, CHINA
| | - Xu Jiang
- Zunyi Medical University, Department of Biochemistry, CHINA
| | - Xiaoling Cheng
- Zunyi Medical University, Department of Biochemistry, CHINA
| | - Guozhong Deng
- Zunyi Medical University, Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, CHINA
| | - Quan Zhang
- Zunyi Medical University, Department of Biochemistry, CHINA
| | - Zhongqiang Wang
- Zunyi Medical University, Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, CHINA
| | - Jiawei Yang
- Zunyi Medical University, Department of Biochemistry, CHINA
| | - Yongzheng Chen
- Zunyi Medical University, School of Pharmacy, 6#, Xuefu West Road,Zunyi, Guizhou,P.R. China, 563000, Zunyi, CHINA
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Rouyère C, Serrano T, Frémont S, Echard A. Oxidation and reduction of actin: Origin, impact in vitro and functional consequences in vivo. Eur J Cell Biol 2022; 101:151249. [PMID: 35716426 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2022.151249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Actin is among the most abundant proteins in eukaryotic cells and assembles into dynamic filamentous networks regulated by many actin binding proteins. The actin cytoskeleton must be finely tuned, both in space and time, to fulfill key cellular functions such as cell division, cell shape changes, phagocytosis and cell migration. While actin oxidation by reactive oxygen species (ROS) at non-physiological levels are known for long to impact on actin polymerization and on the cellular actin cytoskeleton, growing evidence shows that direct and reversible oxidation/reduction of specific actin amino acids plays an important and physiological role in regulating the actin cytoskeleton. In this review, we describe which actin amino acid residues can be selectively oxidized and reduced in many different ways (e.g. disulfide bond formation, glutathionylation, carbonylation, nitration, nitrosylation and other oxidations), the cellular enzymes at the origin of these post-translational modifications, and the impact of actin redox modifications both in vitro and in vivo. We show that the regulated balance of oxidation and reduction of key actin amino acid residues contributes to the control of actin filament polymerization and disassembly at the subcellular scale and highlight how improper redox modifications of actin can lead to pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémentine Rouyère
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3691, Membrane Traffic and Cell Division Unit, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, F-75015 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Thomas Serrano
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3691, Membrane Traffic and Cell Division Unit, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Frémont
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3691, Membrane Traffic and Cell Division Unit, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Arnaud Echard
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3691, Membrane Traffic and Cell Division Unit, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, F-75015 Paris, France.
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12
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A Novel Small RNA, DsrO, in Deinococcus radiodurans Promotes Methionine Sulfoxide Reductase ( msrA) Expression for Oxidative Stress Adaptation. Appl Environ Microbiol 2022; 88:e0003822. [PMID: 35575549 PMCID: PMC9195949 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00038-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can cause destructive damage to biological macromolecules and protein dysfunction in bacteria. Methionine sulfoxide reductase (Msr) with redox-active Cys and/or seleno-cysteine (Sec) residues can restore physiological functions of the proteome, which is essential for oxidative stress tolerance of the extremophile Deinococcus radiodurans. However, the underlying mechanism regulating MsrA enzyme activity in D. radiodurans under oxidative stress has remained elusive. Here, we identified the function of MsrA in response to oxidative stress. msrA expression in D. radiodurans was significantly upregulated under oxidative stress. The msrA mutant showed a deficiency in antioxidative capacity and an increased level of dabsyl-Met-S-SO, indicating increased sensitivity to oxidative stress. Moreover, msrA mRNA was posttranscriptionally regulated by a small RNA, DsrO. Analysis of the molecular interaction between DsrO and msrA mRNA demonstrated that DsrO increased the half-life of msrA mRNA and then upregulated MsrA enzyme activity under oxidative stress compared to the wild type. msrA expression was also transcriptionally regulated by the DNA-repairing regulator DrRRA, providing a connection for further analysis of protein restoration during DNA repair. Overall, our results provide direct evidence that DsrO and DrRRA regulate msrA expression at two levels to stabilize msrA mRNA and increase MsrA protein levels, revealing the protective roles of DsrO signaling in D. radiodurans against oxidative stress. IMPORTANCE The repair of oxidized proteins is an indispensable function allowing the extremophile D. radiodurans to grow in adverse environments. Msr proteins and various oxidoreductases can reduce oxidized Cys and Met amino acid residues of damaged proteins to recover protein function. Consequently, it is important to investigate the molecular mechanism maintaining the high reducing activity of MsrA protein in D. radiodurans during stresses. Here, we showed the protective roles of an sRNA, DsrO, in D. radiodurans against oxidative stress. DsrO interacts with msrA mRNA to improve msrA mRNA stability, and this increases the amount of MsrA protein. In addition, we also showed that DrRRA transcriptionally regulated msrA gene expression. Due to the importance of DrRRA in regulating DNA repair, this study provides a clue for further analysis of MsrA activity during DNA repair. This study indicates that protecting proteins from oxidation is an effective strategy for extremophiles to adapt to stress conditions.
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13
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Peng T, Cheng X, Chen Y, Yang J. Sulfoxide Reductases and Applications in Biocatalytic Preparation of Chiral Sulfoxides: A Mini-Review. Front Chem 2021; 9:714899. [PMID: 34490206 PMCID: PMC8417374 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.714899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Chiral sulfoxides are valuable organosulfur compounds that have been widely used in medicinal and organic synthesis. Biocatalytic approaches for preparing chiral sulfoxides were developed in the past few years, mainly through asymmetric oxidation of prochiral sulfides. Recently, the application of sulfoxide reductase to prepare chiral sulfoxides through kinetic resolution has emerged as a new method, exhibiting extraordinary catalytic properties. This article reviews the chemical and biological functions of these sulfoxide reductases and highlights their applications in chiral sulfoxide preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Peng
- Department of Biochemistry, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xiaoling Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yongzheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jiawei Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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Hypoxia Tolerance Declines with Age in the Absence of Methionine Sulfoxide Reductase (MSR) in Drosophila melanogaster. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10071135. [PMID: 34356368 PMCID: PMC8301005 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Unlike the mammalian brain, Drosophila melanogaster can tolerate several hours of hypoxia without any tissue injury by entering a protective coma known as spreading depression. However, when oxygen is reintroduced, there is an increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that causes oxidative damage. Methionine sulfoxide reductase (MSR) acts to restore functionality to oxidized methionine residues. In the present study, we have characterized in vivo effects of MSR deficiency on hypoxia tolerance throughout the lifespan of Drosophila. Flies subjected to sudden hypoxia that lacked MSR activity exhibited a longer recovery time and a reduced ability to survive hypoxic/re-oxygenation stress as they approached senescence. However, when hypoxia was induced slowly, MSR deficient flies recovered significantly quicker throughout their entire adult lifespan. In addition, the wildtype and MSR deficient flies had nearly 100% survival rates throughout their lifespan. Neuroprotective signaling mediated by decreased apoptotic pathway activation, as well as gene reprogramming and metabolic downregulation are possible reasons for why MSR deficient flies have faster recovery time and a higher survival rate upon slow induction of spreading depression. Our data are the first to suggest important roles of MSR and longevity pathways in hypoxia tolerance exhibited by Drosophila.
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15
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Reiterer M, Bruce L, Milton S. Differential Responses of Methionine Sulfoxide Reductases A and B to Anoxia and Oxidative Stress in the Freshwater Turtle Trachemys scripta. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11070458. [PMID: 34357352 PMCID: PMC8304764 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11070458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been acknowledged as a major factor in aging, senescence and neurodegenerative conditions. Mammalian models are susceptible to these stresses following the restoration of oxygen after anoxia; however, some organisms including the freshwater turtle Trachemys scripta can withstand repeated anoxia and reoxygenation without apparent pathology. T. scripta thus provides us with an alternate vertebrate model to investigate physiological mechanisms of neuroprotection. The objective of this study was to investigate the antioxidant methionine sulfoxide reductase system (Msr) in turtle neuronal tissue. We examined brain transcript and protein levels of MsrA and MsrB and examined the potential for the transcription factor FOXO3a to regulate the oxygen-responsive changes in Msr in vitro. We found that Msr mRNA and protein levels are differentially upregulated during anoxia and reoxygenation, and when cells were exposed to chemical oxidative stress. However, while MsrA and MsrB3 levels increased when cell cultures were exposed to chemical oxidative stress, this induction was not enhanced by treatment with epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), which has previously been shown to enhance FOXO3a levels in the turtle. These results suggest that FOXO3a and Msr protect the cells from oxidative stress through different molecular pathways, and that both the Msr pathway and EGCG may be therapeutic targets to treat diseases related to oxidative damage.
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Duport C, Madeira JP, Farjad M, Alpha-Bazin B, Armengaud J. Methionine Sulfoxide Reductases Contribute to Anaerobic Fermentative Metabolism in Bacillus cereus. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10050819. [PMID: 34065610 PMCID: PMC8161402 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Reversible oxidation of methionine to methionine sulfoxide (Met(O)) is a common posttranslational modification occurring on proteins in all organisms under oxic conditions. Protein-bound Met(O) is reduced by methionine sulfoxide reductases, which thus play a significant antioxidant role. The facultative anaerobe Bacillus cereus produces two methionine sulfoxide reductases: MsrA and MsrAB. MsrAB has been shown to play a crucial physiological role under oxic conditions, but little is known about the role of MsrA. Here, we examined the antioxidant role of both MsrAB and MrsA under fermentative anoxic conditions, which are generally reported to elicit little endogenous oxidant stress. We created single- and double-mutant Δmsr strains. Compared to the wild-type and ΔmsrAB mutant, single- (ΔmsrA) and double- (ΔmsrAΔmsrAB) mutants accumulated higher levels of Met(O) proteins, and their cellular and extracellular Met(O) proteomes were altered. The growth capacity and motility of mutant strains was limited, and their energy metabolism was altered. MsrA therefore appears to play a major physiological role compared to MsrAB, placing methionine sulfoxides at the center of the B. cereus antioxidant system under anoxic fermentative conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Duport
- Département de Biologie, Avignon Université, INRAE, UMR SQPOV, F-84914 Avignon, France; (J.-P.M.); (M.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-432-722-507
| | - Jean-Paul Madeira
- Département de Biologie, Avignon Université, INRAE, UMR SQPOV, F-84914 Avignon, France; (J.-P.M.); (M.F.)
| | - Mahsa Farjad
- Département de Biologie, Avignon Université, INRAE, UMR SQPOV, F-84914 Avignon, France; (J.-P.M.); (M.F.)
| | - Béatrice Alpha-Bazin
- Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, SPI, F-30200 Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France; (B.A.-B.); (J.A.)
| | - Jean Armengaud
- Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, SPI, F-30200 Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France; (B.A.-B.); (J.A.)
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Indhu MS, Nanjundappa S, Muttu R, Vikramaditya U, Mahawar M, Sarkar M, Guttula TS, Bhure S. Molecular Expression of Bioactive Recombinant Methionine Sulfoxide Reductase A (MsrA). Protein Pept Lett 2021; 28:11-17. [PMID: 32586239 DOI: 10.2174/0929866527666200625201628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production during cryopreservation of semen, leads to oxidation of biomolecules affecting the functionality of spermatozoa. Methionine residues in proteins are highly prone to oxidation and get converted into methionine sulfoxide (MetO). Methionine sulfoxide reductase A (MsrA) can improve the functionality of spermatozoa by reducing the MetO to methionine restoring the lost functionality of the affected proteins. OBJECTIVE The expression of catalytically active recombinant MsrA (rMsrA). METHODS The msrA gene was PCR amplified, cloned and sequenced. Further, the recombinant clone was used for protein expression and purification. The protein was getting precipitated during dialysis in Tris-buffer. Hence, the purified rMsrA was dialyzed at 4°C against the Tris-buffer pH 7.5 containing MgCl2, KCl, NaCl, urea and triton X-100. During dialysis, changes of buffer were done at every 12 h interval with stepwise reduction in the concentrations of NaCl, urea and triton X-100. The final dialysis was done with buffer containing 10 mM MgCl2, 30 mM KCl, and 150 mM NaCl, 25 mM Tris-HCl pH 7.5. The activity of the rMsrA was checked spectrophotometrically. RESULTS The protein BLAST of buffalo MsrA with bovine sequence showed 14 amino acid mismatches. The rMsrA has been purified under denaturing conditions as it was forming inclusion bodies consistently during protein expression. After renaturation, the purified 33 kDa rMsrA was catalytically active by biochemical assay. CONCLUSION The rMsrA expressed in prokaryotic system is catalytically active and can be used for supplementation to semen extender to repair the oxidatively damaged seminal plasma proteins that occur during cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Indhu
- Division of Biochemistry, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar - 243122, Bareilly, U.P., India
| | - Shruthi Nanjundappa
- Division of Biochemistry, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar - 243122, Bareilly, U.P., India
| | - Ramamoorthy Muttu
- Division of Animal Reproduction, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar - 243122, Bareilly, U.P., India
| | - Upmanyu Vikramaditya
- Division of Biological Standardization, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar - 243122, Bareilly, U.P., India
| | - Manish Mahawar
- Division of Biochemistry, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar - 243122, Bareilly, U.P., India
| | - Mihir Sarkar
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar - 243122, Bareilly, U.P., India
| | - Taru Sharma Guttula
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar - 243122, Bareilly, U.P., India
| | - Sanjeevkumar Bhure
- Division of Biochemistry, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar - 243122, Bareilly, U.P., India
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Kim S, Lee K, Park SH, Kwak GH, Kim MS, Kim HY, Hwang KY. Structural Insights into a Bifunctional Peptide Methionine Sulfoxide Reductase MsrA/B Fusion Protein from Helicobacter pylori. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030389. [PMID: 33807684 PMCID: PMC8000184 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Methionine sulfoxide reductase (Msr) is a family of enzymes that reduces oxidized methionine and plays an important role in the survival of bacteria under oxidative stress conditions. MsrA and MsrB exist in a fusion protein form (MsrAB) in some pathogenic bacteria, such as Helicobacter pylori (Hp), Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Treponema denticola. To understand the fused form instead of the separated enzyme at the molecular level, we determined the crystal structure of HpMsrABC44S/C318S at 2.2 Å, which showed that a linker region (Hpiloop, 193–205) between two domains interacted with each HpMsrA or HpMsrB domain via three salt bridges (E193-K107, D197-R103, and K200-D339). Two acetate molecules in the active site pocket showed an sp2 planar electron density map in the crystal structure, which interacted with the conserved residues in fusion MsrABs from the pathogen. Biochemical and kinetic analyses revealed that Hpiloop is required to increase the catalytic efficiency of HpMsrAB. Two salt bridge mutants (D193A and E199A) were located at the entrance or tailgate of Hpiloop. Therefore, the linker region of the MsrAB fusion enzyme plays a key role in the structural stability and catalytic efficiency and provides a better understanding of why MsrAB exists in a fused form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulhee Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (S.K.); (K.L.); (S.-H.P.); (M.S.K.)
| | - Kitaik Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (S.K.); (K.L.); (S.-H.P.); (M.S.K.)
| | - Sun-Ha Park
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (S.K.); (K.L.); (S.-H.P.); (M.S.K.)
| | - Geun-Hee Kwak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu 42415, Korea;
| | - Min Seok Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (S.K.); (K.L.); (S.-H.P.); (M.S.K.)
| | - Hwa-Young Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu 42415, Korea;
- Correspondence: (H.-Y.K.); (K.Y.H.)
| | - Kwang Yeon Hwang
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (S.K.); (K.L.); (S.-H.P.); (M.S.K.)
- Correspondence: (H.-Y.K.); (K.Y.H.)
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19
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The Function of Selenium in Central Nervous System: Lessons from MsrB1 Knockout Mouse Models. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26051372. [PMID: 33806413 PMCID: PMC7961861 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
MsrB1 used to be named selenoprotein R, for it was first identified as a selenocysteine containing protein by searching for the selenocysteine insert sequence (SECIS) in the human genome. Later, it was found that MsrB1 is homologous to PilB in Neisseria gonorrhoeae, which is a methionine sulfoxide reductase (Msr), specifically reducing L-methionine sulfoxide (L-Met-O) in proteins. In humans and mice, four members constitute the Msr family, which are MsrA, MsrB1, MsrB2, and MsrB3. MsrA can reduce free or protein-containing L-Met-O (S), whereas MsrBs can only function on the L-Met-O (R) epimer in proteins. Though there are isomerases existent that could transfer L-Met-O (S) to L-Met-O (R) and vice-versa, the loss of Msr individually results in different phenotypes in mice models. These observations indicate that the function of one Msr cannot be totally complemented by another. Among the mammalian Msrs, MsrB1 is the only selenocysteine-containing protein, and we recently found that loss of MsrB1 perturbs the synaptic plasticity in mice, along with the astrogliosis in their brains. In this review, we summarized the effects resulting from Msr deficiency and the bioactivity of selenium in the central nervous system, especially those that we learned from the MsrB1 knockout mouse model. We hope it will be helpful in better understanding how the trace element selenium participates in the reduction of L-Met-O and becomes involved in neurobiology.
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Raushan K, Benberin V, Vochshenkova T, Babenko D, Sibagatova A. Association of 3 single nucleotide polymorphisms of the eighth chromosome with remodeling of the myocardium and carotid arteries in the Kazakh population. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e24608. [PMID: 33578567 PMCID: PMC7886467 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000024608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Cardiovascular diseases are one of the key health issues in Kazakhstan. According to the WHO, the prevalence of arterial hypertension (AH) was 28% in males and 25% in females in 2015, which puts up vastly to premature mortality from non-communicable diseases.The search for genetic features of target organ lesions processes in AH is relevant. The goal of this study was to search for the genetic markers of myocardial remodeling (MR) and carotid artery remodeling (CAR).A total of 866 hypertensive individuals were recruited in Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan. Their blood was genotyped for 9 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the eighth chromosome to find an association with remodeling. The analysis was carried out in the group pairs (control and CAR, control and MR, and control and CAR and MR). The genotype-phenotype association was assessed using 5 different inheritance models: dominant, codominant, recessive, overdominant, and log-additive.Statistically significant results were found for 3 SNPs (rs2407103, rs11775334, rs2071518) which minor alleles enlarged risks of MR and CAR in AH in the studied population. Three polymorphisms have previously been associated with АН and some other traits like pulse pressure and blood glucose in other ethnic populations: rs2407103 - in Afro-American population, rs11775334 - in the European population, rs2071518 is well studied in various ethnic populations (European, South Asian, Afro-American, Hispanic, East Asian).
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Affiliation(s)
- Karabayeva Raushan
- Medical Centre Hospital of President's Affairs Administration of the Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Valeriy Benberin
- Medical Centre Hospital of President's Affairs Administration of the Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Tamara Vochshenkova
- Medical Centre Hospital of President's Affairs Administration of the Republic of Kazakhstan
| | | | - Ainur Sibagatova
- Medical Centre Hospital of President's Affairs Administration of the Republic of Kazakhstan
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Anselmi S, Aggarwal N, Moody TS, Castagnolo D. Unconventional Biocatalytic Approaches to the Synthesis of Chiral Sulfoxides. Chembiochem 2021; 22:298-307. [PMID: 32735057 PMCID: PMC7891444 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Sulfoxides are a class of organic compounds that find wide application in medicinal and organic chemistry. Several biocatalytic approaches have been developed to synthesise enantioenriched sulfoxides, mainly by exploiting oxidative enzymes. Recently, the use of reductive enzymes such as Msr and Dms has emerged as a new, alternative method to obtain enantiopure sulfoxides from racemic mixtures. In parallel, novel oxidative approaches, employing nonclassical solvents such as ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DESs), have been developed as greener and more sustainable biocatalytic synthetic pathways. This minireview aims highlights the recent advances made in the biocatalytic synthesis of enantioenriched sulfoxides by employing such unconventional approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Anselmi
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical SciencesKing's College London150 Stamford StreetLondonSE1 9NHUK
| | - Nandini Aggarwal
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical SciencesKing's College London150 Stamford StreetLondonSE1 9NHUK
| | - Thomas S. Moody
- Almac Sciences20 Seagoe Industrial EstateCraigavonBT63 5QDUK
- Arran Chemical Company LimitedUnit 1 Monksland Industrial Estate, Athlone, Co.RoscommonN37 DN24Ireland
| | - Daniele Castagnolo
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical SciencesKing's College London150 Stamford StreetLondonSE1 9NHUK
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22
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Integration of MsrB1 and MsrB2 in the Redox Network during the Development of Orthodox and Recalcitrant Acer Seeds. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9121250. [PMID: 33316974 PMCID: PMC7763665 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Two related tree species, Norway maple (Acer platanoides L.) and sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus L.), produce desiccation-tolerant (orthodox) and desiccation-sensitive (recalcitrant) seeds, respectively. We compared the seeds of these two species to characterize the developmentally driven changes in the levels of peptide-bound methionine sulfoxide (MetO) and the abundance of methionine sulfoxide reductases (Msrs) B1 and B2, with respect to the cellular redox environment. Protein oxidation at the Met level was dynamic only in Norway maple seeds, and the reduced MsrB2 form was detected only in this species. Cell redox status, characterized by the levels of reduced and oxidized ascorbate, glutathione, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)/phosphate (NADP), was clearly more reduced in the Norway maple seeds than in the sycamore seeds. Clear correlations between MetO levels, changes in water content and redox status were reported in orthodox Acer seeds. The abundance of Msrs was correlated in both species with redox determinants, mainly ascorbate and glutathione. Our data suggest that MsrB2 is associated with the acquisition of desiccation tolerance and that ascorbate might be involved in the redox pathway enabling the regeneration of Msr via intermediates that are not known yet.
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Wojciechowska N, Alipour S, Stolarska E, Bilska K, Rey P, Kalemba EM. Involvement of the MetO/Msr System in Two Acer Species That Display Contrasting Characteristics during Germination. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9197. [PMID: 33276642 PMCID: PMC7730483 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The levels of methionine sulfoxide (MetO) and the abundances of methionine sulfoxide reductases (Msrs) were reported as important for the desiccation tolerance of Acer seeds. To determine whether the MetO/Msrs system is related to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and involved in the regulation of germination in orthodox and recalcitrant seeds, Norway maple and sycamore were investigated. Changes in water content, MetO content, the abundance of MsrB1 and MsrB2 in relation to ROS content and the activity of reductases depending on nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides were monitored. Acer seeds differed in germination speed-substantially higher in sycamore-hydration dynamics, levels of hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion radicals (O2•-) and hydroxyl radicals (•OH), which exhibited peaks at different stages of germination. The MetO level dynamically changed, particularly in sycamore embryonic axes, where it was positively correlated with the levels of O2•- and the abundance of MsrB1 and negatively with the levels of •OH and the abundance of MsrB2. The MsrB2 abundance increased upon sycamore germination; in contrast, it markedly decreased in Norway maple. We propose that the ROS-MetO-Msr redox system, allowing balanced Met redox homeostasis, participates in the germination process in sycamore, which is characterized by a much higher speed compared to Norway maple.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Wojciechowska
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Parkowa 5, 62-035 Kórnik, Poland; (N.W.); (S.A.); (E.S.); (K.B.)
- Department of General Botany, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Shirin Alipour
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Parkowa 5, 62-035 Kórnik, Poland; (N.W.); (S.A.); (E.S.); (K.B.)
| | - Ewelina Stolarska
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Parkowa 5, 62-035 Kórnik, Poland; (N.W.); (S.A.); (E.S.); (K.B.)
| | - Karolina Bilska
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Parkowa 5, 62-035 Kórnik, Poland; (N.W.); (S.A.); (E.S.); (K.B.)
| | - Pascal Rey
- Plant Protective Proteins (PPV) Team, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Biosciences and Biotechnology Institute of Aix-Marseille (BIAM), Aix Marseille University (AMU), 13108 Saint Paul-Lez-Durance, France;
| | - Ewa M. Kalemba
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Parkowa 5, 62-035 Kórnik, Poland; (N.W.); (S.A.); (E.S.); (K.B.)
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Bettinger J, Ghaemmaghami S. Methionine oxidation within the prion protein. Prion 2020; 14:193-205. [PMID: 32744136 PMCID: PMC7518762 DOI: 10.1080/19336896.2020.1796898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Prion diseases are characterized by the self-templated misfolding of the cellular prion protein (PrPC) into infectious aggregates (PrPSc). The detailed molecular basis of the misfolding and aggregation of PrPC remains incompletely understood. It is believed that the transient misfolding of PrPC into partially structured intermediates precedes the formation of insoluble protein aggregates and is a critical component of the prion misfolding pathway. A number of environmental factors have been shown to induce the destabilization of PrPC and promote its initial misfolding. Recently, oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS) have emerged as one possible mechanism by which the destabilization of PrPC can be induced under physiological conditions. Methionine residues are uniquely vulnerable to oxidation by ROS and the formation of methionine sulfoxides leads to the misfolding and subsequent aggregation of PrPC. Here, we provide a review of the evidence for the oxidation of methionine residues in PrPC and its potential role in the formation of pathogenic prion aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Bettinger
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
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25
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Sánchez‐López C, Labadie N, Lombardo VA, Biglione FA, Manta B, Jacob RS, Gladyshev VN, Abdelilah‐Seyfried S, Selenko P, Binolfi A. An NMR‐Based Biosensor to Measure Stereospecific Methionine Sulfoxide Reductase Activities in Vitro and in Vivo**. Chemistry 2020; 26:14838-14843. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Sánchez‐López
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR-CONICET-UNR) Ocampo y Esmeralda 2000 Rosario Argentina
| | - Natalia Labadie
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR-CONICET-UNR) Ocampo y Esmeralda 2000 Rosario Argentina
| | - Verónica A. Lombardo
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR-CONICET-UNR) Ocampo y Esmeralda 2000 Rosario Argentina
- Centro de Estudios Interdisciplinarios (CEI) Universidad Nacional de Rosario 2000 Rosario Argentina
| | - Franco A. Biglione
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR-CONICET-UNR) Ocampo y Esmeralda 2000 Rosario Argentina
| | - Bruno Manta
- Division of Genetics Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
- Facultad de Medicina Departamento de Bioquímica and Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas Universidad de la República CP 11800 Montevideo Uruguay
| | - Reeba Susan Jacob
- Department of Biological Regulation Weizmann Institute of Science 234 Herzl Street 761000 Rehovot Israel
| | - Vadim N. Gladyshev
- Division of Genetics Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Salim Abdelilah‐Seyfried
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology Potsdam University 14476 Potsdam Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology Hannover Medical School 30625 Hannover Germany
| | - Philipp Selenko
- Department of Biological Regulation Weizmann Institute of Science 234 Herzl Street 761000 Rehovot Israel
| | - Andres Binolfi
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR-CONICET-UNR) Ocampo y Esmeralda 2000 Rosario Argentina
- Plataforma Argentina de Biología EstructuralyMetabolómica (PLABEM) Ocampo y Esmeralda 2000 Rosario Argentina
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Aledo JC, Aledo P. Susceptibility of Protein Methionine Oxidation in Response to Hydrogen Peroxide Treatment-Ex Vivo Versus In Vitro: A Computational Insight. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9100987. [PMID: 33066324 PMCID: PMC7602125 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9100987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Methionine oxidation plays a relevant role in cell signaling. Recently, we built a database containing thousands of proteins identified as sulfoxidation targets. Using this resource, we have now developed a computational approach aimed at characterizing the oxidation of human methionyl residues. We found that proteins oxidized in both cell-free preparations (in vitro) and inside living cells (ex vivo) were enriched in methionines and intrinsically disordered regions. However, proteins oxidized ex vivo tended to be larger and less abundant than those oxidized in vitro. Another distinctive feature was their subcellular localizations. Thus, nuclear and mitochondrial proteins were preferentially oxidized ex vivo but not in vitro. The nodes corresponding with ex vivo and in vitro oxidized proteins in a network based on gene ontology terms showed an assortative mixing suggesting that ex vivo oxidized proteins shared among them molecular functions and biological processes. This was further supported by the observation that proteins from the ex vivo set were co-regulated more often than expected by chance. We also investigated the sequence environment of oxidation sites. Glutamate and aspartate were overrepresented in these environments regardless the group. In contrast, tyrosine, tryptophan and histidine were clearly avoided but only in the environments of the ex vivo sites. A hypothetical mechanism of methionine oxidation accounts for these observations presented.
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Arias DG, Cabeza MS, Echarren ML, Faral-Tello P, Iglesias AA, Robello C, Guerrero SA. On the functionality of a methionine sulfoxide reductase B from Trypanosoma cruzi. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 158:96-114. [PMID: 32682073 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methionine is an amino acid susceptible to be oxidized to give a racemic mixture of R and S forms of methionine sulfoxide (MetSO). This posttranslational modification has been reported to occur in vivo under either normal or stress conditions. The reduction of MetSO to methionine is catalyzed by methionine sulfoxide reductases (MSRs), thiol-dependent enzymes present in almost all organisms. These enzymes can reduce specifically one or another of the isomers of MetSO (free and protein-bound). This redox modification could change the structure and function of many proteins, either concerned in redox or other metabolic pathways. The study of antioxidant systems in Trypanosoma cruzi has been mainly focused on the involvement of trypanothione, a specific redox component for these organisms. Though, little information is available concerning mechanisms for repairing oxidized methionine residues in proteins, which would be relevant for the survival of these pathogens in the different stages of their life cycle. METHODS We report an in vitro functional and in vivo cellular characterization of methionine sulfoxide reductase B (MSRB, specific for protein-bound MetSO R-enantiomer) from T. cruzi strain Dm28c. RESULTS MSRB exhibited both cytosolic and mitochondrial localization in epimastigote cells. From assays involving parasites overexpressing MSRB, we observed the contribution of this protein to increase the general resistance against oxidative damage, the infectivity of trypomastigote cells, and intracellular replication of the amastigote stage. Also, we report that epimastigotes overexpressing MSRB exhibit inhibition of the metacyclogenesis process; this suggesting the involvement of the proteins as negative modulators in this cellular differentiation. CONCLUSIONS AND GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE This report contributes to novel insights concerning redox metabolism in T. cruzi. Results herein presented support the importance of enzymatic steps involved in the metabolism of L-Met and in repairing oxidized macromolecules in this parasite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego G Arias
- Laboratorio de Enzimología Molecular - Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina; Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas - Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina.
| | - Matías S Cabeza
- Laboratorio de Enzimología Molecular - Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina; Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas - Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - María L Echarren
- Laboratorio de Enzimología Molecular - Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Paula Faral-Tello
- Laboratorio de Interacción Hospedero-Patógeno, UBM, Instituto Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Alberto A Iglesias
- Laboratorio de Enzimología Molecular - Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina; Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas - Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Carlos Robello
- Laboratorio de Interacción Hospedero-Patógeno, UBM, Instituto Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay; Departamento de Bioquímica - Facultad de Medicina - Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Sergio A Guerrero
- Laboratorio de Enzimología Molecular - Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina; Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas - Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
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Ligthart-Melis GC, Engelen MPKJ, Simbo SY, Ten Have GAM, Thaden JJ, Cynober L, Deutz NEP. Metabolic Consequences of Supplemented Methionine in a Clinical Context. J Nutr 2020; 150:2538S-2547S. [PMID: 33000166 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The central position of methionine (Met) in protein metabolism indicates the importance of this essential amino acid for growth and maintenance of lean body mass. Therefore, Met might be a tempting candidate for supplementation. However, because Met is also the precursor of homocysteine (Hcy), a deficient intake of B vitamins or excessive intake of Met may result in hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy), which is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. This review discusses the evidence generated in preclinical and clinical studies on the importance and potentially harmful effects of Met supplementation and elaborates on potential clinical applications of supplemental Met with reference to clinical studies performed over the past 20 y. Recently acquired knowledge about the NOAEL (no observed adverse effect level) of 46.3 mg · kg-1 · d-1 and the LOAEL (lowest observed adverse effect level) of 91 mg · kg-1 · d-1 of supplemented Met will guide the design of future studies to further establish the role of Met as a potential (safe) candidate for nutritional supplementation in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerdien C Ligthart-Melis
- Center for Translational Research in Aging & Longevity, Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Mariëlle P K J Engelen
- Center for Translational Research in Aging & Longevity, Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Sunday Y Simbo
- Center for Translational Research in Aging & Longevity, Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Gabrie A M Ten Have
- Center for Translational Research in Aging & Longevity, Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - John J Thaden
- Center for Translational Research in Aging & Longevity, Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Luc Cynober
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Hôpital Cochin, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, Paris, France
| | - Nicolaas E P Deutz
- Center for Translational Research in Aging & Longevity, Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
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Reduction of Protein Bound Methionine Sulfoxide by a Periplasmic Dimethyl Sulfoxide Reductase. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9070616. [PMID: 32674377 PMCID: PMC7402097 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9070616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In proteins, methionine (Met) can be oxidized into Met sulfoxide (MetO). The ubiquitous methionine sulfoxide reductases (Msr) A and B are thiol-oxidoreductases reducing MetO. Reversible Met oxidation has a wide range of consequences, from protection against oxidative stress to fine-tuned regulation of protein functions. Bacteria distinguish themselves by the production of molybdenum-containing enzymes reducing MetO, such as the periplasmic MsrP which protects proteins during acute oxidative stress. The versatile dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) reductases were shown to reduce the free amino acid MetO, but their ability to reduce MetO within proteins was never evaluated. Here, using model oxidized proteins and peptides, enzymatic and mass spectrometry approaches, we showed that the Rhodobacter sphaeroides periplasmic DorA-type DMSO reductase reduces protein bound MetO as efficiently as the free amino acid L-MetO and with catalytic values in the range of those described for the canonical Msrs. The identification of this fourth type of enzyme able to reduce MetO in proteins, conserved across proteobacteria and actinobacteria, suggests that organisms employ enzymatic systems yet undiscovered to regulate protein oxidation states.
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Nasreen M, Dhouib R, Hosmer J, Wijesinghe HGS, Fletcher A, Mahawar M, Essilfie AT, Blackall PJ, McEwan AG, Kappler U. Peptide Methionine Sulfoxide Reductase from Haemophilus influenzae Is Required for Protection against HOCl and Affects the Host Response to Infection. ACS Infect Dis 2020; 6:1928-1939. [PMID: 32492342 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Peptide methionine sulfoxide reductases (Msrs) are enzymes that repair ROS-damage to sulfur-containing amino acids such as methionine, ensuring functional integrity of cellular proteins. Here we have shown that unlike the majority of pro- and eukaryotic Msrs, the peptide methionine sulfoxide reductase (MsrAB) from the human pathobiont Haemophilus influenzae (Hi) is required for the repair of hypochlorite damage to cell envelope proteins, but more importantly, we were able to demonstrate that MsrAB plays a role in modulating the host immune response to Hi infection. Loss of MsrAB resulted in >1000-fold increase in sensitivity of Hi to HOCl-mediated killing, and also reduced biofilm formation and in-biofilm survival. Expression of msrAB was also induced by hydrogen peroxide and paraquat, but a Hi2019ΔmsrAB strain was not susceptible to killing by these ROS in vitro. Hi2019ΔmsrAB fitness in infection models was low, with a 3-fold reduction in intracellular survival in bronchial epithelial cells, increased susceptibility to neutrophil killing, and a 10-fold reduction in survival in a mouse model of lung infection. Interestingly, infection with Hi2019ΔmsrAB led to specific changes in the antibacterial response of human host cells, with genes encoding antimicrobial peptides (BPI, CAMP) upregulated between 4 and 9 fold compared to infection with Hi2019WT, and reduction in expression of two proteins with antiapoptotic functions (BIRC3, XIAP). Modulation of host immune responses is a novel role for an enzyme of this type and provides first insights into mechanisms by which MsrAB supports Hi survival in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marufa Nasreen
- Australian Infectious Disease Research Centre, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Rabeb Dhouib
- Australian Infectious Disease Research Centre, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Jennifer Hosmer
- Australian Infectious Disease Research Centre, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Hewa Godage Sithija Wijesinghe
- Australian Infectious Disease Research Centre, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Aidan Fletcher
- Australian Infectious Disease Research Centre, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Manish Mahawar
- Australian Infectious Disease Research Centre, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - Ama-Tawiah Essilfie
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Patrick J. Blackall
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Alastair G. McEwan
- Australian Infectious Disease Research Centre, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Ulrike Kappler
- Australian Infectious Disease Research Centre, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
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Wojciechowska N, Alipour S, Stolarska E, Bilska K, Rey P, Kalemba EM. Peptide-Bound Methionine Sulfoxide (MetO) Levels and MsrB2 Abundance Are Differentially Regulated during the Desiccation Phase in Contrasted Acer Seeds. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E391. [PMID: 32392756 PMCID: PMC7278694 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9050391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Norway maple and sycamore produce desiccation-tolerant (orthodox) and desiccation-sensitive (recalcitrant) seeds, respectively. Drying affects reduction and oxidation (redox) status in seeds. Oxidation of methionine to methionine sulfoxide (MetO) and reduction via methionine sulfoxide reductases (Msrs) have never been investigated in relation to seed desiccation tolerance. MetO levels and the abundance of Msrs were investigated in relation to levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion radical and hydroxyl radical (•OH), and the levels of ascorbate and glutathione redox couples in gradually dried seeds. Peptide-bound MetO levels were positively correlated with ROS concentrations in the orthodox seeds. In particular, •OH affected MetO levels as well as the abundance of MsrB2 solely in the embryonic axes of Norway maple seeds. In this species, MsrB2 was present in oxidized and reduced forms, and the latter was favored by reduced glutathione and ascorbic acid. In contrast, sycamore seeds accumulated higher ROS levels. Additionally, MsrB2 was oxidized in sycamore throughout dehydration. In this context, the three elements •OH level, MetO content and MsrB2 abundance, linked together uniquely to Norway maple seeds, might be considered important players of the redox network associated with desiccation tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Wojciechowska
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Parkowa 5, 62-035 Kórnik, Poland; (N.W.); (S.A.); (E.S.); (K.B.)
- Department of General Botany, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Shirin Alipour
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Parkowa 5, 62-035 Kórnik, Poland; (N.W.); (S.A.); (E.S.); (K.B.)
- Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Ewelina Stolarska
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Parkowa 5, 62-035 Kórnik, Poland; (N.W.); (S.A.); (E.S.); (K.B.)
| | - Karolina Bilska
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Parkowa 5, 62-035 Kórnik, Poland; (N.W.); (S.A.); (E.S.); (K.B.)
| | - Pascal Rey
- Aix Marseille University (AMU), Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biosciences and Biotechnology Institute of Aix-Marseille (BIAM), Plant Protective Proteins (PPV) Team, 13108 Saint Paul-Lez-Durance, France;
| | - Ewa Marzena Kalemba
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Parkowa 5, 62-035 Kórnik, Poland; (N.W.); (S.A.); (E.S.); (K.B.)
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32
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Guo Y, Lee H, Jeong H. Gut microbiota in reductive drug metabolism. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2020; 171:61-93. [PMID: 32475528 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2020.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Gut bacteria are predominant microorganisms in the gut microbiota and have been recognized to mediate a variety of biotransformations of xenobiotic compounds in the gut. This review is focused on one of the gut bacterial xenobiotic metabolisms, reduction. Xenobiotics undergo different types of reductive metabolisms depending on chemically distinct groups: azo (-NN-), nitro (-NO2), alkene (-CC-), ketone (-CO), N-oxide (-NO), and sulfoxide (-SO). In this review, we have provided select examples of drugs in six chemically distinct groups that are known or suspected to be subjected to the reduction by gut bacteria. For some drugs, responsible enzymes in specific gut bacteria have been identified and characterized, but for many drugs, only circumstantial evidence is available that indicates gut bacteria-mediated reductive metabolism. The physiological roles of even known gut bacterial enzymes have not been well defined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukuang Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Biomolecular Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Hyunwoo Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Biomolecular Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.
| | - Hyunyoung Jeong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Biomolecular Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.
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33
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Discovery and application of methionine sulfoxide reductase B for preparation of (S)-sulfoxides through kinetic resolution. CATAL COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2019.105908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Actin reduction by MsrB2 is a key component of the cytokinetic abscission checkpoint and prevents tetraploidy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:4169-4179. [PMID: 32029597 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1911629117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Abscission is the terminal step of cytokinesis leading to the physical separation of the daughter cells. In response to the abnormal presence of lagging chromatin between dividing cells, an evolutionarily conserved abscission/NoCut checkpoint delays abscission and prevents formation of binucleated cells by stabilizing the cytokinetic intercellular bridge (ICB). How this bridge is stably maintained for hours while the checkpoint is activated is poorly understood and has been proposed to rely on F-actin in the bridge region. Here, we show that actin polymerization is indeed essential for stabilizing the ICB when lagging chromatin is present, but not in normal dividing cells. Mechanistically, we found that a cytosolic pool of human methionine sulfoxide reductase B2 (MsrB2) is strongly recruited at the midbody in response to the presence of lagging chromatin and functions within the ICB to promote actin polymerization there. Consistently, in MsrB2-depleted cells, F-actin levels are decreased in ICBs, and dividing cells with lagging chromatin become binucleated as a consequence of unstable bridges. We further demonstrate that MsrB2 selectively reduces oxidized actin monomers and thereby counteracts MICAL1, an enzyme known to depolymerize actin filaments by direct oxidation. Finally, MsrB2 colocalizes and genetically interacts with the checkpoint components Aurora B and ANCHR, and the abscission delay upon checkpoint activation by nuclear pore defects also depends on MsrB2. Altogether, this work reveals that actin reduction by MsrB2 is a key component of the abscission checkpoint that favors F-actin polymerization and limits tetraploidy, a starting point for tumorigenesis.
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35
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Nicklow EE, Sevier CS. Activity of the yeast cytoplasmic Hsp70 nucleotide-exchange factor Fes1 is regulated by reversible methionine oxidation. J Biol Chem 2019; 295:552-569. [PMID: 31806703 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.010125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells employ a vast network of regulatory pathways to manage intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). An effectual means used by cells to control these regulatory systems are sulfur-based redox switches, which consist of protein cysteine or methionine residues that become transiently oxidized when intracellular ROS levels increase. Here, we describe a methionine-based oxidation event involving the yeast cytoplasmic Hsp70 co-chaperone Fes1. We show that Fes1 undergoes reversible methionine oxidation during excessively-oxidizing cellular conditions, and we map the site of this oxidation to a cluster of three methionine residues in the Fes1 core domain. Making use of recombinant proteins and a variety of in vitro assays, we establish that oxidation inhibits Fes1 activity and, correspondingly, alters Hsp70 activity. Moreover, we demonstrate in vitro and in cells that Fes1 oxidation is reversible and is regulated by the cytoplasmic methionine sulfoxide reductase Mxr1 (MsrA) and a previously unidentified cytoplasmic pool of the reductase Mxr2 (MsrB). We speculate that inactivation of Fes1 activity during excessively-oxidizing conditions may help maintain protein-folding homeostasis in a suboptimal cellular folding environment. The characterization of Fes1 oxidation during cellular stress provides a new perspective as to how the activities of the cytoplasmic Hsp70 chaperones may be attuned by fluctuations in cellular ROS levels and provides further insight into how cells use methionine-based redox switches to sense and respond to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin E Nicklow
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - Carolyn S Sevier
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853.
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36
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Kappler U, Nasreen M, McEwan A. New insights into the molecular physiology of sulfoxide reduction in bacteria. Adv Microb Physiol 2019; 75:1-51. [PMID: 31655735 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Sulfoxides occur in biology as products of the S-oxygenation of small molecules as well as in peptides and proteins and their formation is often associated with oxidative stress and can affect biological function. In bacteria, sulfoxide damage can be reversed by different types of enzymes. Thioredoxin-dependent peptide methionine sulfoxide reductases (MSR proteins) repair oxidized methionine residues and are found in all Domains of life. In bacteria MSR proteins are often found in the cytoplasm but in some bacteria, including pathogenic Neisseria, Streptococci, and Haemophilus they are extracytoplasmic. Mutants lacking MSR proteins are often sensitive to oxidative stress and in pathogens exhibit decreased virulence as indicated by reduced survival in host cell or animal model systems. Molybdenum enzymes are also known to reduce S-oxides and traditionally their physiological role was considered to be in anaerobic respiration using dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) as an electron acceptor. However, it now appears that some enzymes (MtsZ) of the DMSO reductase family of Mo enzymes use methionine sulfoxide as preferred physiological substrate and thus may be involved in scavenging/recycling of this amino acid. Similarly, an enzyme (MsrP/YedY) of the sulfite oxidase family of Mo enzymes has been shown to be involved in repair of methionine sulfoxides in periplasmic proteins. Again, some mutants deficient in Mo-dependent sulfoxide reductases exhibit reduced virulence, and there is evidence that these Mo enzymes and some MSR systems are induced by hypochlorite produced by the innate immune system. This review describes recent advances in the understanding of the molecular microbiology of MSR systems and the broadening of the role of Mo-dependent sulfoxide reductase to encompass functions beyond anaerobic respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Kappler
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Marufa Nasreen
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Alastair McEwan
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Kato M, Yang YS, Sutter BM, Wang Y, McKnight SL, Tu BP. Redox State Controls Phase Separation of the Yeast Ataxin-2 Protein via Reversible Oxidation of Its Methionine-Rich Low-Complexity Domain. Cell 2019; 177:711-721.e8. [PMID: 30982603 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Yeast ataxin-2, also known as Pbp1, senses the activity state of mitochondria in order to regulate TORC1. A domain of Pbp1 required to adapt cells to mitochondrial activity is of low sequence complexity. The low-complexity (LC) domain of Pbp1 forms labile, cross-β polymers that facilitate phase transition of the protein into liquid-like or gel-like states. Phase transition for other LC domains is reliant upon widely distributed aromatic amino acids. In place of tyrosine or phenylalanine residues prototypically used for phase separation, Pbp1 contains 24 similarly disposed methionine residues. Here, we show that the Pbp1 methionine residues are sensitive to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-mediated oxidation in vitro and in living cells. Methionine oxidation melts Pbp1 liquid-like droplets in a manner reversed by methionine sulfoxide reductase enzymes. These observations explain how reversible formation of labile polymers by the Pbp1 LC domain enables the protein to function as a sensor of cellular redox state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Kato
- Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9038, USA
| | - Yu-San Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9038, USA
| | - Benjamin M Sutter
- Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9038, USA
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9038, USA
| | - Steven L McKnight
- Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9038, USA.
| | - Benjamin P Tu
- Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9038, USA.
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38
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Zhang L, Peng S, Sun J, Liu R, Liu S, Fang J. A ratiometric fluorescent probe of methionine sulfoxide reductase with an improved response rate and emission wavelength. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:1502-1505. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc08879a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A ratiometric fluorescent probe of methionine sulfoxide reductase, Msr-Ratio, showed nearly 400-fold fluorescence change (I550/I430) with an improved response rate and optical characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation
| | - Shoujiao Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
- Department of Molecular Medicine
| | - Jinyu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
| | - Ruijuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
| | - Shudi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
| | - Jianguo Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
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39
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Achilli C, Ciana A, Minetti G. Oxidation of cysteine-rich proteins during gel electrophoresis. J Biol Methods 2018; 5:e104. [PMID: 31453254 PMCID: PMC6706160 DOI: 10.14440/jbm.2018.275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cesare Achilli
- Biochemical laboratories, Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Annarita Ciana
- Biochemical laboratories, Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Minetti
- Biochemical laboratories, Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
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40
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Mandalapu D, Ji X, Zhang Q. Reductive Cleavage of Sulfoxide and Sulfone by Two Radical S-Adenosyl-l-methionine Enzymes. Biochemistry 2018; 58:36-39. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.8b00844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Xinjian Ji
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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41
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Le DT, Nguyen KL, Chu HD, Vu NT, Pham TTL, Tran LSP. Function of the evolutionarily conserved plant methionine-S-sulfoxide reductase without the catalytic residue. PROTOPLASMA 2018; 255:1741-1750. [PMID: 29808313 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-018-1266-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In plants, two types of methionine sulfoxide reductase (MSR) exist, namely methionine-S-sulfoxide reductase (MSRA) and methionine-R-sulfoxide reductase (MSRB). These enzymes catalyze the reduction of methionine sulfoxides (MetO) back to methionine (Met) by a catalytic cysteine (Cys) and one or two resolving Cys residues. Interestingly, a group of MSRA encoded by plant genomes does not have a catalytic residue. We asked that if this group of MSRA did not have any function (as fitness), why it was not lost during the evolutionary process. To challenge this question, we analyzed the gene family encoding MSRA in soybean (GmMSRAs). We found seven genes encoding GmMSRAs, which included three segmental duplicated pairs. Among them, a pair of duplicated genes, namely GmMSRA1 and GmMSRA6, was without a catalytic Cys residue. Pseudogenes were ruled out as their transcripts were detected in various tissues and their Ka/Ks ratio indicated a negative selection pressure. In vivo analysis in Δ3MSR yeast strain indicated that the GmMSRA6 did not have activity toward MetO, contrasting to GmMSRA3 which had catalytic Cys and had activity. When exposed to H2O2-induced oxidative stress, GmMSRA6 did not confer any protection to the Δ3MSR yeast strain. Overexpression of GmMSRA6 in Arabidopsis thaliana did not alter the plant's phenotype under physiological conditions. However, the transgenic plants exhibited slightly higher sensitivity toward salinity-induced stress. Taken together, this data suggested that the plant MSRAs without the catalytic Cys are not enzymatically active and their existence may be explained by a role in regulating plant MSR activity via dominant-negative substrate competition mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dung Tien Le
- Agricultural Genetics Institute, Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Pham Van Dong Street, Hanoi, Vietnam.
- DEKALB Viet Nam Company Limited (a Monsanto Company), Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
| | - Kim-Lien Nguyen
- Agricultural Genetics Institute, Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Pham Van Dong Street, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ha Duc Chu
- Agricultural Genetics Institute, Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Pham Van Dong Street, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nam Tuan Vu
- The Metabolic Network Biology Laboratory, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Thu Thi Ly Pham
- Agricultural Genetics Institute, Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Pham Van Dong Street, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Lam-Son Phan Tran
- Stress Adaptation Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan.
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42
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Singh VK, Singh K, Baum K. The Role of Methionine Sulfoxide Reductases in Oxidative Stress Tolerance and Virulence of Staphylococcus aureus and Other Bacteria. Antioxidants (Basel) 2018; 7:antiox7100128. [PMID: 30274148 PMCID: PMC6210949 DOI: 10.3390/antiox7100128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Methionine sulfoxide reductases (MSRA1 and MSRB) are proteins overproduced in Staphylococcus aureus during exposure with cell wall-active antibiotics. Later studies identified the presence of two additional MSRA proteins (MSRA2 and MSRA3) in S. aureus. These MSR proteins have been characterized in many other bacteria as well. This review provides the current knowledge about the conditions and regulatory network that mimic the expression of these MSR encoding genes and their role in defense from oxidative stress and virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineet K Singh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, A.T. Still University of Health Sciences, Kirksville, MO 63501, USA.
| | | | - Kyle Baum
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, A.T. Still University of Health Sciences, Kirksville, MO 63501, USA.
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43
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Achilli C, Ciana A, Minetti G. Brain, immune system and selenium: a starting point for a new diagnostic marker for Alzheimer's disease? Perspect Public Health 2018; 138:223-226. [PMID: 29809098 DOI: 10.1177/1757913918778707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is based primarily on neuropsychological tests, which assess the involutive damage, and imaging techniques that evaluate morphologic changes in the brain. Currently available diagnostic tests do not show complete specificity and do not permit accurate differentiation between AD and other forms of senile dementia. The correlation of these tests with laboratory investigations based on biochemical parameters could increase the certainty of diagnosis. In recent years, several biochemical markers for the diagnosis of AD have been proposed, but in most cases they show a limited specificity and their application is invasive, requiring, in general, sampling of cerebrospinal fluid. Thus, the use of a peripheral biochemical marker could represent a valuable complement for the diagnosis of this disease. Several studies have shown a relationship between neurodegenerative disorders typical of the ageing process, weakening of the immune system and alterations in the levels of selenium and of the antioxidant selenoenzymes in brain tissues and blood cells. Among blood cells, neutrophil granulocytes uniquely express the selenoenzyme methionine sulfoxide reductase B1 (MsrB1). In a preliminary analysis carried out on neutrophils from subjects affected by AD, we observed a significant decline in MsrB1 activity compared to normal subjects. Therefore, we deem it of particular interest to explore the potential use of MsrB1 as a selective peripheral marker for the diagnosis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesare Achilli
- Laboratories of Biochemistry, Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Annarita Ciana
- Laboratories of Biochemistry, Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Minetti
- Laboratories of Biochemistry, Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, via Agostino Bassi, 21, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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44
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Peng L, Wen Y, Chen Y, Yuan Z, Zhou Y, Cheng X, Chen Y, Yang J. Biocatalytic Preparation of Chiral Sulfoxides through Asymmetric Reductive Resolution by Methionine Sulfoxide Reductase A. ChemCatChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201800279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Liaotian Peng
- Department of Biochemistry; Zunyi Medical University; Zunyi 563000 P.R. China
| | - Yuanmei Wen
- Department of Biochemistry; Zunyi Medical University; Zunyi 563000 P.R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- Generic Drug Research Centre of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering, Research Centre of Guizhou Province; School of Pharmacy; Zunyi Medical University; Zunyi 563000 P.R. China
| | - Zhimei Yuan
- Department of Biochemistry; Zunyi Medical University; Zunyi 563000 P.R. China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry; Zunyi Medical University; Zunyi 563000 P.R. China
| | - Xiaoling Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry; Zunyi Medical University; Zunyi 563000 P.R. China
| | - Yongzheng Chen
- Generic Drug Research Centre of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering, Research Centre of Guizhou Province; School of Pharmacy; Zunyi Medical University; Zunyi 563000 P.R. China
| | - Jiawei Yang
- Department of Biochemistry; Zunyi Medical University; Zunyi 563000 P.R. China
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45
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Kinetic resolution of phenyl methyl sulfoxides by mammalian methionine sulfoxide reductase A. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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46
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Guerrero SA, Arias DG, Cabeza MS, Law MCY, D'Amico M, Kumar A, Wilkinson SR. Functional characterisation of the methionine sulfoxide reductase repertoire in Trypanosoma brucei. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 112:524-533. [PMID: 28865997 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
To combat the deleterious effects that oxidation of the sulfur atom in methionine to sulfoxide may bring, aerobic cells express repair pathways involving methionine sulfoxide reductases (MSRs) to reverse the above reaction. Here, we show that Trypanosoma brucei, the causative agent of African trypanosomiasis, expresses two distinct trypanothione-dependent MSRs that can be distinguished from each other based on sequence, sub-cellular localisation and substrate preference. One enzyme found in the parasite's cytosol, shows homology to the MSRA family of repair proteins and preferentially metabolises the S epimer of methionine sulfoxide. The second, which contains sequence motifs present in MSRBs, is restricted to the mitochondrion and can only catalyse reduction of the R form of peptide-bound methionine sulfoxide. The importance of these proteins to the parasite was demonstrated using functional genomic-based approaches to produce cells with reduced or elevated expression levels of MSRA, which exhibited altered susceptibility to exogenous H2O2. These findings identify new reparative pathways that function to fix oxidatively damaged methionine within this medically important parasite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio A Guerrero
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Litoral, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Diego G Arias
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Litoral, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Matias S Cabeza
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Litoral, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Michelle C Y Law
- School of Biological & Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Maria D'Amico
- School of Biological & Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Ambika Kumar
- School of Biological & Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Shane R Wilkinson
- School of Biological & Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK.
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47
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Silva WGDP, Braga CB, Rittner R. Conformational study of L-methionine and L-cysteine derivatives through quantum chemical calculations and 3JHH coupling constant analyses. Beilstein J Org Chem 2017; 13:925-937. [PMID: 28684974 PMCID: PMC5480334 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.13.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The understanding of the conformational behavior of amino acids and their derivatives is a challenging task. Here, the conformational analysis of esterified and N-acetylated derivatives of L-methionine and L-cysteine using a combination of 1H NMR and electronic structure calculations is reported. The geometries and energies of the most stable conformers in isolated phase and taking into account the implicit solvent effects, according to the integral equation formalism polarizable continuum model (IEF-PCM), were obtained at the ωB97X-D/aug-cc-pVTZ level. The conformational preferences of the compounds in solution were also determined from experimental and theoretical 3JHH coupling constants analysis in different aprotic solvents. The results showed that the conformational stability of the esterified derivatives is not very sensitive to solvent effects, whereas the conformational equilibrium of the N-acetylated derivatives changes in the presence of solvent. According to the natural bond orbital (NBO), quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) and noncovalent interactions (NCI) methodologies, the conformational preferences for the compounds are not dictated by intramolecular hydrogen bonding, but by a joint contribution of hyperconjugative and steric effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weslley G D P Silva
- Chemistry Institute, University of Campinas, P.O. Box 6154, 13083−970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Carolyne B Braga
- Chemistry Institute, University of Campinas, P.O. Box 6154, 13083−970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Roberto Rittner
- Chemistry Institute, University of Campinas, P.O. Box 6154, 13083−970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Abstract
Genomic studies focus on key metabolites and pathways that, despite their obvious anthropocentric design, keep being 'predicted', while this is only finding again what is already known. As increasingly more genomes are sequenced, this lightpost effect may account at least in part for our failure to understand the function of a continuously growing number of genes. Core metabolism often goes astray, accidentally producing a variety of unexpected compounds. Catabolism of these forgotten metabolites makes an essential part of the functions coded in metagenomes. Here, I explore the fate of a limited number of those: compounds resulting from radical reactions and molecules derived from some reactive intermediates produced during normal metabolism. I try both to update investigators with the most recent literature and to uncover old articles that may open up new research avenues in the genome exploration of metabolism. This should allow us to foresee further developments in experimental genomics and genome annotation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Danchin
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and NutritionHôpital de la Pitié‐Salpêtrière47 Boulevard de l'HôpitalParis75013France
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49
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Yang J, Yuan Z, Zhou Y, Zhao J, Yang M, Cheng X, Ou G, Chen Y. Asymmetric reductive resolution of racemic sulfoxides by recombinant methionine sulfoxide reductase from a pseudomonas monteilii strain. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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50
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Benoit SL, Maier RJ. Helicobacter Catalase Devoid of Catalytic Activity Protects the Bacterium against Oxidative Stress. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:23366-23373. [PMID: 27605666 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.747881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Catalase, a conserved and abundant enzyme found in all domains of life, dissipates the oxidant hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori undergoes host-mediated oxidant stress exposure, and its catalase contains oxidizable methionine (Met) residues. We hypothesized catalase may play a large stress-combating role independent of its classical catalytic one, namely quenching harmful oxidants through its recyclable Met residues, resulting in oxidant protection to the bacterium. Two Helicobacter mutant strains (katAH56A and katAY339A) containing catalase without enzyme activity but that retain all Met residues were created. These strains were much more resistant to oxidants than a catalase-deletion mutant strain. The quenching ability of the altered versions was shown, whereby oxidant-stressed (HOCl-exposed) Helicobacter retained viability even upon extracellular addition of the inactive versions of catalase, in contrast to cells receiving HOCl alone. The importance of the methionine-mediated quenching to the pathogen residing in the oxidant-rich gastric mucus was studied. In contrast to a catalase-null strain, both site-change mutants proficiently colonized the murine gastric mucosa, suggesting that the amino acid composition-dependent oxidant-quenching role of catalase is more important than the well described H2O2-dissipating catalytic role. Over 100 years after the discovery of catalase, these findings reveal a new non-enzymatic protective mechanism of action for the ubiquitous enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane L Benoit
- From the Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Robert J Maier
- From the Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
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