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Sadeghi S, Hakemi MS, Pourrezagholie F, Naeini F, Imani H, Mohammadi H. Effects of melatonin supplementation on metabolic parameters, oxidative stress, and inflammatory biomarkers in diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease: study protocol for a double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Trials 2024; 25:757. [PMID: 39533376 PMCID: PMC11559127 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-024-08584-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a pervasive disease of the current century that usually affects the adult population, especially people with diabetes and hypertension. According to the recent studies, inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction are determining risk factors in the pathogenesis of CKD. Melatonin as a strong antioxidant is produced in various tissues including the kidneys. The present clinical trial aims to examine the efficacy of melatonin supplementation on metabolic parameters, oxidative stress, and inflammatory biomarkers in diabetic patients with CKD. METHODS This is a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical study that will be investigated the impacts of melatonin supplementation in diabetic patients with CKD. Laboratory findings will be applied to diagnose diabetic CKD. Forty-eight eligible diabetic subjects with CKD will be selected and randomly assigned to receive 5 mg melatonin tablets or identical placebo twice daily for 10 weeks. Participants will be asked to remain on their usual diet and physical activity. The primary outcome of this study is changes in oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers. The secondary outcomes include changes in lipid profile, renal function indicators, fasting blood sugar and serum insulin, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP), serum phosphorous concentration, sleep quality, body weight, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (WC). Statistical analysis will be conducted using the SPSS software (version 25). DISCUSSION We hypothesize that melatonin administration may be useful for treating diabetic CKD by modulating oxidative stress, inflammation, regulating lipid metabolism, and increasing insulin sensitivity through different mechanisms. The current trial will exhibit the effects of melatonin, whether negative or positive, on diabetic CKD status. ETHICAL ASPECTS The current trial received approval from Medical Ethics Committee of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (IR.TUMS.SHARIATI.REC.1402.072). TRIAL REGISTRATION This study had been registered in Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials. REGISTRATION NUMBER IRCT20170202032367N9 on 11 August 2023. https://www.irct.ir/trial/70709 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Sadeghi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Monir Sadat Hakemi
- Department of Nephrology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Pourrezagholie
- Department of Nephrology, Labbafinezhad Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Naeini
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Imani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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de Luxán-Delgado B, Potes Y, Rubio-González A, Solano JJ, Boga JA, Antuña E, Cachán-Vega C, Bermejo-Millo JC, Menéndez-Coto N, García-González C, Pereira GC, Caballero B, Coto-Montes A, Vega-Naredo I. Melatonin Alleviates Liver Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Leptin-Deficient Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8677. [PMID: 39201365 PMCID: PMC11354344 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite efforts to elucidate the cellular adaptations induced by obesity, cellular bioenergetics is currently considered a crucial target. New strategies to delay the onset of the hazardous adaptations induced by obesity are needed. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of 4 weeks of melatonin treatment on mitochondrial function and lipid metabolism in the livers of leptin-deficient mice. Our results revealed that the absence of leptin increased lipid storage in the liver and induced significant mitochondrial alterations, which were ultimately responsible for defective ATP production and reactive oxygen species overproduction. Moreover, leptin deficiency promoted mitochondrial biogenesis, fusion, and outer membrane permeabilization. Melatonin treatment reduced the bioenergetic deficit found in ob/ob mice, alleviating some mitochondrial alterations in the electron transport chain machinery, biogenesis, dynamics, respiration, ATP production, and mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization. Given the role of melatonin in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis, it could be used as a therapeutic agent against adipogenic steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz de Luxán-Delgado
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (B.d.L.-D.); (Y.P.); (A.R.-G.); (E.A.); (J.C.B.-M.); (N.M.-C.); (B.C.); (A.C.-M.)
| | - Yaiza Potes
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (B.d.L.-D.); (Y.P.); (A.R.-G.); (E.A.); (J.C.B.-M.); (N.M.-C.); (B.C.); (A.C.-M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Av. Del Hospital Universitario, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (J.J.S.); (J.A.B.)
- Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Adrian Rubio-González
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (B.d.L.-D.); (Y.P.); (A.R.-G.); (E.A.); (J.C.B.-M.); (N.M.-C.); (B.C.); (A.C.-M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Av. Del Hospital Universitario, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (J.J.S.); (J.A.B.)
- Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Juan José Solano
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Av. Del Hospital Universitario, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (J.J.S.); (J.A.B.)
- Geriatrics Service, Monte Naranco Hospital, 33012 Oviedo, Spain
| | - José Antonio Boga
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Av. Del Hospital Universitario, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (J.J.S.); (J.A.B.)
- Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Avenida de Roma s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Eduardo Antuña
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (B.d.L.-D.); (Y.P.); (A.R.-G.); (E.A.); (J.C.B.-M.); (N.M.-C.); (B.C.); (A.C.-M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Av. Del Hospital Universitario, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (J.J.S.); (J.A.B.)
- Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Cristina Cachán-Vega
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (B.d.L.-D.); (Y.P.); (A.R.-G.); (E.A.); (J.C.B.-M.); (N.M.-C.); (B.C.); (A.C.-M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Av. Del Hospital Universitario, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (J.J.S.); (J.A.B.)
- Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Bermejo-Millo
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (B.d.L.-D.); (Y.P.); (A.R.-G.); (E.A.); (J.C.B.-M.); (N.M.-C.); (B.C.); (A.C.-M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Av. Del Hospital Universitario, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (J.J.S.); (J.A.B.)
- Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Nerea Menéndez-Coto
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (B.d.L.-D.); (Y.P.); (A.R.-G.); (E.A.); (J.C.B.-M.); (N.M.-C.); (B.C.); (A.C.-M.)
| | - Claudia García-González
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Av. Del Hospital Universitario, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (J.J.S.); (J.A.B.)
| | - Gonçalo C. Pereira
- School of Biochemistry, Medical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK;
| | - Beatriz Caballero
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (B.d.L.-D.); (Y.P.); (A.R.-G.); (E.A.); (J.C.B.-M.); (N.M.-C.); (B.C.); (A.C.-M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Av. Del Hospital Universitario, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (J.J.S.); (J.A.B.)
- Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ana Coto-Montes
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (B.d.L.-D.); (Y.P.); (A.R.-G.); (E.A.); (J.C.B.-M.); (N.M.-C.); (B.C.); (A.C.-M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Av. Del Hospital Universitario, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (J.J.S.); (J.A.B.)
- Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ignacio Vega-Naredo
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (B.d.L.-D.); (Y.P.); (A.R.-G.); (E.A.); (J.C.B.-M.); (N.M.-C.); (B.C.); (A.C.-M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Av. Del Hospital Universitario, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (J.J.S.); (J.A.B.)
- Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
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Fang X, Huang W, Sun Q, Zhao Y, Sun R, Liu F, Huang D, Zhang Y, Gao F, Wang B. Melatonin attenuates cellular senescence and apoptosis in diabetic nephropathy by regulating STAT3 phosphorylation. Life Sci 2023; 332:122108. [PMID: 37739161 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Melatonin is an endogenous hormone related to the regulation of biorhythm. Previous researchers have found that melatonin can ameliorate diabetic nephropathy (DN), but the mechanism remains to be elucidated. To discover the possible mechanism by which melatonin prevents DN, we investigated the potential effects of melatonin on signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) on the progression of cellular senescence and apoptosis. MAIN METHODS Cellular senescence, apoptosis and the underlying mechanism of melatonin were investigated both in vivo and in vitro. C57BL/6 mice were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin (STZ) to establish DN. For an in vitro model of DN, human renal cortex proximal epithelial tubule (HK-2) cells were exposed to high glucose conditions. KEY FINDINGS Melatonin inhibited the phosphorylation of STAT3, decreased the expression of senescence proteins p53, p21 and p16INK4A. Melatonin also downregulated the expression of apoptotic proteins, including cleaved PARP1, cleaved caspase-9 and -3. Melatonin treatment decreased the positive area of senescence-associated galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining and the number of TUNEL-positive cells in kidneys of DN mice. In vitro, melatonin inhibited STAT3 phosphorylation and lowered cellular senescence and apoptosis markers, in a manner similar to the STAT3 inhibitor S3I-201. In addition, the inhibition effect of melatonin on cellular senescence and apoptosis in HK-2 cells was reversed by the usage of recombinant IL-6 (rIL-6), which can induce STAT3 phosphorylation. SIGNIFICANCE We, for the first time, demonstrate that melatonin inhibits STAT3 phosphorylation, which is involved in alleviating the cellular senescence and apoptosis in DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinzhe Fang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Weiyi Huang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Danmei Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Yanmei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Fenfei Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China.
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Elbanan ME, Amer ME, El-Missiry MA, Othman AI, Shabana SM. Melatonin protected against kidney impairment induced by 5-fluorouracil in mice. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY. PART A, ECOLOGICAL AND INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 339:777-787. [PMID: 37395484 DOI: 10.1002/jez.2728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
The utility of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) as a successful chemotherapeutic drug for several cancers is limited by the induction of kidney injury and dysfunction due to redox imbalance, inflammation, and apoptosis. Meanwhile, melatonin (MLT) is a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory natural compound with a wide safety range. The current study aimed to investigate MLT's protective effect against 5-FU-induced kidney impairment. Male mice were given multiple doses of 5-FU at 25 and 100 mg/kg, as well as MLT at 20 mg/kg. MLT treatment alleviated the toxic effect of 5-FU by normalizing blood urea and creatinine levels and preserving the histological structure, indicating MLT's nephroprotective ability. This is accompanied by body weight maintenance, an increase in survival percentage, and preserved hematological parameters in comparison to the 5-FU-treated mice. MLT's renoprotective effect was explained by improvements in C-reactive protein, IL-6, and caspase-3 in kidney tissue, indicating MLT's anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic ability. Furthermore, MLT inhibited 5-FU-induced lipid peroxidation by maintaining the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase, as well as glutathione levels in kidney tissue from mice treated with both doses of 5-FU. The current findings show that MLT has a novel protective effect against 5-FU-induced renal injury and renal impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona E Elbanan
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Maggie E Amer
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | - Azza I Othman
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Sameh M Shabana
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Alaa H, Abdelaziz M, Mustafa M, Mansour M, Magdy S, Mohsen S, El-Karamany Y, Farid A. Therapeutic effect of melatonin-loaded chitosan/lecithin nanoparticles on hyperglycemia and pancreatic beta cells regeneration in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10617. [PMID: 37391460 PMCID: PMC10313733 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36929-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology is used to overcome fundamental flaws in today's marketed pharmaceuticals that obstruct therapy, like restricted solubility and quick release of drugs into the bloodstream. In both human and animal researches, melatonin was demonstrated to regulate glucose levels. Despite the fact that melatonin is quickly transported through the mucosa, its sensitivity to be oxidized creates a difficulty in achieving the required dose. Additionally, due to its variable absorption and poor oral bioavailability necessitates the development of alternative delivery methods. The study aimed to synthesize melatonin loaded chitosan/lecithin (Mel-C/L) nanoparticles to be assessed in the treatment of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in rats. The antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxicity properties of nanoparticles were estimated to determine the safety of manufactured nanoparticles for in vivo studies. In addition, Mel-C/L nanoparticles were administered to rats for eight weeks after inducing hyperglycemia. The therapeutic effect of Mel-C/L nanoparticles was assessed in all experimental groups by detecting insulin and blood glucose levels; observing improvements in liver and kidney functions as well as histological and immunohistochemical evaluation of rats' pancreatic sections. The results proved that Mel-C/L nanoparticles showed remarkable anti-inflammatory, anti-coagulant, and anti-oxidant effects, in addition to its efficiency in reducing blood glucose levels of STZ-induced diabetic rats and great ability to promote the regeneration of pancreatic beta (β)-cells. Furthermore, Mel-C/L nanoparticles elevated the insulin level; and decreased the elevated levels of urea, creatinine and cholesterol. In conclusion, nanoparticles application decreased the administrated melatonin dose that in turn can diminish the side effects of free melatonin administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habiba Alaa
- Biotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Program, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mariam Abdelaziz
- Biotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Program, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Maryam Mustafa
- Biotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Program, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mustafa Mansour
- Biotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Program, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Salma Magdy
- Biotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Program, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Salma Mohsen
- Biotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Program, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Yomna El-Karamany
- Biotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Program, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Alyaa Farid
- Immunology Division, Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
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Markowska M, Niemczyk S, Romejko K. Melatonin Treatment in Kidney Diseases. Cells 2023; 12:cells12060838. [PMID: 36980179 PMCID: PMC10047594 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is a neurohormone that is mainly secreted by the pineal gland. It coordinates the work of the superior biological clock and consequently affects many processes in the human body. Disorders of the waking and sleeping period result in nervous system imbalance and generate metabolic and endocrine derangements. The purpose of this review is to provide information regarding the potential benefits of melatonin use, particularly in kidney diseases. The impact on the cardiovascular system, diabetes, and homeostasis causes melatonin to be indirectly connected to kidney function and quality of life in people with chronic kidney disease. Moreover, there are numerous reports showing that melatonin plays a role as an antioxidant, free radical scavenger, and cytoprotective agent. This means that the supplementation of melatonin can be helpful in almost every type of kidney injury because inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress occur, regardless of the mechanism. The administration of melatonin has a renoprotective effect and inhibits the progression of complications connected to renal failure. It is very important that exogenous melatonin supplementation is well tolerated and that the number of side effects caused by this type of treatment is low.
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Hypoxia-Inducible Factors and Diabetic Kidney Disease—How Deep Can We Go? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810413. [PMID: 36142323 PMCID: PMC9499602 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is one of the leading causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and multiple underlying mechanisms involved in pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN) have been described. Although various treatments and diagnosis applications are available, DN remains a clinical and economic burden, considering that about 40% of type 2 diabetes patients will develop nephropathy. In the past years, some research found that hypoxia response and hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) play critical roles in the pathogenesis of DN. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) HIF-1, HIF-2, and HIF-3 are the main mediators of metabolic responses to the state of hypoxia, which seems to be the one of the earliest events in the occurrence and progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). The abnormal activity of HIFs seems to be of crucial importance in the pathogenesis of diseases, including nephropathies. Studies using transcriptome analysis confirmed by metabolome analysis revealed that HIF stabilizers (HIF-prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors) are novel therapeutic agents used to treat anemia in CKD patients that not only increase endogenous erythropoietin production, but also could act by counteracting the metabolic alterations in incipient diabetic kidney disease and relieve oxidative stress in the renal tissue. In this review, we present the newest data regarding hypoxia response and HIF involvement in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy and new therapeutic insights, starting from improving kidney oxygen homeostasis.
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Dong W, Yan L, Tan Y, Chen S, Zhang K, Gong Z, Liu W, Zou H, Song R, Zhu J, Liu G, Liu Z. Melatonin improves mitochondrial function by preventing mitochondrial fission in cadmium-induced rat proximal tubular cell injury via SIRT1-PGC-1α pathway activation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 242:113879. [PMID: 35841654 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin is an indoleamine produced in the pineal gland and has many physiological roles. There is increasing evidence that melatonin ameliorates cadmium (Cd)-induced nephrotoxicity. The potential protective impact of melatonin against Cd-induced nephrotoxicity and the mechanisms behind this protection are unknown. The relevance of mitochondrial dynamics in Cd-induced nephrotoxicity and the putative mechanism of melatonin-mediated protection were examined in this study. We show that melatonin prevents Cd-induced nephrotoxicity by inhibiting dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1)- and mitochondrial fission protein 1 (Fis1)-mediated mitochondrial fission. Melatonin treatment attenuated cytotoxicity, suppressed oxidative stress, restored mitochondrial membrane potential, and increased mitochondrial mass in response to Cd exposure. Consistent with this finding, melatonin treatment increased Cd-inhibited sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α) expression and inhibited Drp1- and Fis1-mediated mitochondrial fission. Like melatonin, SIRT1 overexpression via resveratrol attenuated Drp1- and Fis1-mediated mitochondrial fission and other Cd-induced mitochondrial oxidative injuries effectively. Melatonin has significant pharmacological potential for protecting against Cd-induced nephrotoxicity by preventing excessive mitochondrial fission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxuan Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, 12 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianqi Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People's Republic of China; Department of Orthopedics, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Subai People's Hospital, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Tan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, 12 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Shufang Chen
- Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ningbo 315040, People's Republic of China
| | - Kanglei Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, 12 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhonggui Gong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, 12 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, 12 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, 12 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruilong Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, 12 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqiao Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, 12 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, 12 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
| | - Zongping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, 12 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China.
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Ding F, Zhang L, Wu X, Liu Y, Wan Y, Hu J, Zhang X, Wu Q. Melatonin ameliorates renal dysfunction in glyphosate- and hard water-treated mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 241:113803. [PMID: 36068739 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chronic interstitial nephritis in agricultural communities (CINAC) is a severe and widespread disease that has been associated with environmental and occupational exposure to glyphosate and hard water. However, the potential underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Melatonin is reported to exert protective effects on the kidney, but whether melatonin can attenuate renal tubular injury in mice exposed to glyphosate combined with hard water is unclear. Here, mice were treated with high doses and environmentally relevant doses of glyphosate (100 mg/kg·bw and 0.7 mg/L, respectively) and/or hard water (2500 mg/L CaCO3 and 250 mg/L Ca2+, respectively) via their drinking water for 12 weeks. We found that high-dose glyphosate or hard water treatment significantly increased the levels of biomarkers of renal damage, including β2-microglobulin, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipid carrier protein, and/or albumin, in the urine; these increased biomarker levels were correlated with obvious morphological changes, and all of these changes were also observed in animals exposed to environmentally relevant doses of glyphosate and/or high Ca2+ water. Melatonin (10 mg/kg·bw, intraperitoneal injection, daily for 12 weeks) administered concomitantly with high doses of glyphosate and hard water inhibited the glyphosate- and hard water-induced increases in the levels of kidney injury biomarkers and changes in morphology; this result was intriguing. Additionally, glyphosate combined with hard water at both high and environmentally relevant doses significantly upregulated the expression of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress marker proteins Bip, ATF6, and PERK as well as the pyroptosis-related proteins (NLRP3 and caspase 1 signaling proteins) in renal tissues. Similarly, melatonin significantly attenuated the increased ER stress and pyroptosis induced by high doses of glyphosate and hard water. In summary, we conclude that exposure to glyphosate and hard water at both high doses and environmentally relevant doses causes renal dysfunction in mice, and this dysfunction can be attenuated by melatonin, possibly through the inhibition of ER stress and pyroptosis. Our results support the notion that melatonin may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of chronic kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Ding
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Wu
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingying Liu
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Wan
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianying Hu
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qing Wu
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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10
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Ben Dhia I, Maaloul R, Marzougui H, Ghroubi S, Kallel C, Driss T, Elleuch MH, Ayadi F, Turki M, Hammouda O. Melatonin reduces muscle damage, inflammation and oxidative stress induced by exhaustive exercise in people with overweight/obesity. Physiol Int 2022; 109:78-89. [PMID: 35238798 DOI: 10.1556/2060.2022.00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intense physical exercise leads to inflammation, oxidative stress and muscle damage, and these responses are of greater magnitude in people with obesity. Melatonin (MLT) is considered an endogenous antioxidant which may have beneficial effects against inflammation, oxidative stress and promote tissue repair after exercise. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of MLT on inflammatory parameters, oxidative stress and muscle damage in people with overweight/obesity after a high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE). METHODS A total of 23 subjects with obesity (9 men and 14 women) age: 33.26 ± 9.81 years, BMI: 37.75 ± 8.87 kg.m-2 were randomized to participate in two experimental sessions: HIIE + Placebo and HIIE + MLT (3 mg). The HIIE protocol corresponds to 8 intervals of 1 min (90% of the maximal aerobic power (MAP)) alternating with 2 min recovery (45% of the MAP). Blood samples were drawn before and 5 min after each exercise session. RESULTS MLT ingestion attenuated the increase of inflammation (C-reactive protein, white blood cells (P < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.45; for both) and Neutrophils (P < 0.01, ηp2 = 0.36)) and hepatic and muscle damage (Aspartate aminotransferase (P < 0.01, ηp2 = 0.25), Alanine aminotransferase (P < 0.01, ηp2 = 0.27) and Creatine kinase (P = 0.02, ηp2 = 0.23). MLT also attenuated the exercise induced lipid and protein peroxidation (i.e., Malondialdehyde (P = 0.03, ηp2 = 0.19) and AOPP (P < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.55)). Concerning the antioxidant status, MLT intake increased Thiol (P < 0.01, ηp2 = 0.26) and Catalase (P < 0.01, ηp2 = 0.32) and decreased Uric acid (P = 0.02, ηp2 = 0.2) and Total bilirubin (P < 0.01, ηp2 = 0.33). CONCLUSIONS MLT intake before HIIE reduced muscle damage by modulating oxidative stress and preventing overexpression of the pro-inflammatory mediators in people with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imen Ben Dhia
- 1 Research Laboratory: Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé (EM2S) LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- 2 Research Laboratory of Evaluation and Management of Musculoskeletal System Pathologies, LR20ES09, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Rami Maaloul
- 1 Research Laboratory: Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé (EM2S) LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- 3 Research Laboratory, Molecular Bases of Human Pathology, LR19ES13, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Houssem Marzougui
- 1 Research Laboratory: Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé (EM2S) LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- 3 Research Laboratory, Molecular Bases of Human Pathology, LR19ES13, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Sameh Ghroubi
- 2 Research Laboratory of Evaluation and Management of Musculoskeletal System Pathologies, LR20ES09, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | | | - Tarak Driss
- 5 Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences, Physiology and Psychology: Physical Activity, Health and Learning (LINP2), UFR STAPS, UPL, Paris Nanterre, Nanterre, France
| | - Mohamed Habib Elleuch
- 2 Research Laboratory of Evaluation and Management of Musculoskeletal System Pathologies, LR20ES09, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Fatma Ayadi
- 3 Research Laboratory, Molecular Bases of Human Pathology, LR19ES13, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mouna Turki
- 3 Research Laboratory, Molecular Bases of Human Pathology, LR19ES13, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Omar Hammouda
- 3 Research Laboratory, Molecular Bases of Human Pathology, LR19ES13, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- 5 Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences, Physiology and Psychology: Physical Activity, Health and Learning (LINP2), UFR STAPS, UPL, Paris Nanterre, Nanterre, France
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11
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Luo Q, Cai Y, Zhao Q, Jiang Y, Tian L, Liu Y, Liu WJ. Renal Protective Effects of Melatonin in Animal Models of Diabetes Mellitus-Related Kidney Damage: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Diabetes Res 2022; 2022:3770417. [PMID: 35746917 PMCID: PMC9213184 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3770417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN)-chronic kidney damage caused by hyperglycemia-eventually develops into end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Melatonin is a powerful antioxidant that has a wide range of biological activities. Potentially helpful effects of melatonin on diabetic kidney disease have been found in several studies. However, its protective mechanisms are not clear and remain to be explored. In this review (CRD42021285429), we conducted a meta-analysis to estimate the effects and relevant mechanisms of melatonin for diminishing renal injuries in diabetes mellitus models. The Cochrane Library, PubMed, and EMBASE databases up to September 2021 were used. Random- or fixed-effects models were used for calculating the standardized mean difference (SMD) or 90% confidence interval (CI). The risk of bias was estimated using the SYRCLE's RoB tool. Statistical analysis was conducted with RevMan. A total of 15 studies including 224 animals were included in the analysis. The experimental group showed a remarkable decrease in serum creatinine (P = 0.002), blood urea nitrogen (P = 0.02), and urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) (P < 0.00001) compared with the control group, while the oxidative stress index improved. The experimental group also showed a remarkable increase in superoxide dismutase (P = 0.21), glutathione (P < 0.0001), and catalase (P = 0.04) and a remarkable decrease in MDA (P < 0.00001) content compared with the control group. We concluded that melatonin plays a role in renal protection in diabetic animals by inhibiting oxidative stress. Moreover, it should be noted that fasting blood glucose was reduced in the experimental group compared with the control group. The kidney and body weights of the animals were not decreased in the diabetic animal model compared with the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Luo
- Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yuzi Cai
- Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Qihan Zhao
- Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yuhua Jiang
- Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Lei Tian
- Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yuning Liu
- Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Wei Jing Liu
- Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
- Zhanjiang Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China
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12
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Mechanisms of Melatonin in Obesity: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010218. [PMID: 35008644 PMCID: PMC8745381 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and its complications have become a prominent global public health problem that severely threatens human health. Melatonin, originally known as an effective antioxidant, is an endogenous hormone found throughout the body that serves various physiological functions. In recent decades, increasing attention has been paid to its unique function in regulating energy metabolism, especially in glucose and lipid metabolism. Accumulating evidence has established the relationship between melatonin and obesity; nevertheless, not all preclinical and clinical evidence indicates the anti-obesity effect of melatonin, which makes it remain to conclude the clinical effect of melatonin in the fight against obesity. In this review, we have summarized the current knowledge of melatonin in regulating obesity-related symptoms, with emphasis on its underlying mechanisms. The role of melatonin in regulating the lipid profile, adipose tissue, oxidative stress, and inflammation, as well as the interactions of melatonin with the circadian rhythm, gut microbiota, sleep disorder, as well as the α7nAChR, the opioidergic system, and exosomes, make melatonin a promising agent to open new avenues in the intervention of obesity.
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13
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Delpino FM, Figueiredo LM. Melatonin supplementation and anthropometric indicators of obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrition 2021; 91-92:111399. [PMID: 34626955 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE According to in vivo and in vitro studies, melatonin appears to be a potential supplement for obesity reduction. The aim of this study was to review the literature on randomized clinical trials that evaluated the effects of melatonin supplementation on anthropometric indicators of obesity in humans. METHODS We conducted a systematic review with meta-analysis in the following databases: Pubmed, LILACS, Scielo, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Embase. We included studies that evaluated melatonin supplementation's effects, compared with placebo, on anthropometric measures, including body weight, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference, in people ≥18 y of age. This systematic review and meta-analysis were registered on PROSPERO: CRD42021241079. RESULTS Of the 23 studies included, 11 showed significant results from melatonin supplementation on weight loss, BMI, or waist circumference, compared with placebo. In the meta-analysis, melatonin supplementation significantly reduced body weight (standardized mean difference, -0.48; 95% confidence interval, -0.94 to -0.02; P = <0.01; I2 = 92%). Results for BMI and waist circumference were null. The I2 tests were significant for the analyses with significant results. CONCLUSION The results demonstrated that melatonin supplementation was responsible for significantly reducing body weight. More studies are needed before melatonin can be recommended for weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Mendes Delpino
- Postgraduate Program in Nursing, Federal University of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Faculty of Nursing, Federal University of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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14
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Chen L, Han Z, Shi Z, Liu C, Lu Q. Melatonin Alleviates Renal Injury in Mouse Model of Sepsis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:697643. [PMID: 34539395 PMCID: PMC8443790 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.697643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine; MLT) has been shown to have a renal-protective effect against kidney injury. However, the mechanisms underlying the protective role of MLT in sepsis-induced renal injury are yet to be revealed. In this study, MLT alleviated renal dysfunction with the increase of BUN (blood urea nitrogen) and SCR (serum creatinine) and reduction of fibrosis in the CLP (cecal ligation puncture) model. RNA-seq analysis showed that MLT repressed the oxidant stress in response to kidney injury. Our in vitro study showed that MLT suppresses LPS-induced accumulation of ROS (reactive oxygen species) production via SOD2 downregulation and Nox4 upregulation in HK-2 cells. Furthermore, we found that MLT alleviated the inflammatory response, with the mRNA-level reduction of Il-1α, Il-1β, Mcp-1, and Tgf-β1. Taken together, in evaluating the therapeutic effect of MLT on sepsis-induced acute kidney injury, the results showed that MLT alleviated renal damage by regulating the production of ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhijian Han
- The Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiguang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Qiulun Lu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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15
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Potential Effects of Melatonin and Micronutrients on Mitochondrial Dysfunction during a Cytokine Storm Typical of Oxidative/Inflammatory Diseases. Diseases 2021; 9:diseases9020030. [PMID: 33919780 PMCID: PMC8167770 DOI: 10.3390/diseases9020030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Exaggerated oxidative stress and hyper-inflammation are essential features of oxidative/inflammatory diseases. Simultaneously, both processes may be the cause or consequence of mitochondrial dysfunction, thus establishing a vicious cycle among these three factors. However, several natural substances, including melatonin and micronutrients, may prevent or attenuate mitochondrial damage and may preserve an optimal state of health by managing the general oxidative and inflammatory status. This review aims to describe the crucial role of mitochondria in the development and progression of multiple diseases as well as the close relationship among mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and cytokine storm. Likewise, it attempts to summarize the main findings related to the powerful effects of melatonin and some micronutrients (vitamins and minerals), which may be useful (alone or in combination) as therapeutic agents in the treatment of several examples of oxidative/inflammatory pathologies, including sepsis, as well as cardiovascular, renal, neurodegenerative, and metabolic disorders.
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16
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Aouichat S, Navarro-Alarcon M, Alarcón-Guijo P, Salagre D, Ncir M, Zourgui L, Agil A. Melatonin Improves Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Mediated IRE1α Pathway in Zücker Diabetic Fatty Rat. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:232. [PMID: 33800157 PMCID: PMC8001258 DOI: 10.3390/ph14030232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and diabetes are linked to an increased prevalence of kidney disease. Endoplasmic reticulum stress has recently gained growing importance in the pathogenesis of obesity and diabetes-related kidney disease. Melatonin, is an important anti-obesogenic natural bioactive compound. Previously, our research group showed that the renoprotective effect of melatonin administration was associated with restoring mitochondrial fission/fusion balance and function in a rat model of diabesity-induced kidney injury. This study was carried out to further investigate whether melatonin could suppress renal endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response and the downstream unfolded protein response activation under obese and diabetic conditions. Zücker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats and lean littermates (ZL) were orally supplemented either with melatonin (10 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day) (M-ZDF and M-ZL) or vehicle (C-ZDF and C-ZL) for 17 weeks. Western blot analysis of ER stress-related markers and renal morphology were assessed. Compared to C-ZL rats, higher ER stress response associated with impaired renal morphology was observed in C-ZDF rats. Melatonin supplementation alleviated renal ER stress response in ZDF rats, by decreasing glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), phosphoinositol-requiring enzyme1α (IRE1α), and ATF6 levels but had no effect on phospho-protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) level. In addition, melatonin supplementation also restrained the ER stress-mediated apoptotic pathway, as indicated by decreased pro-apoptotic proteins phospho-c-jun amino terminal kinase (JNK), Bax, and cleaved caspase-3, as well as by upregulation of B cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2 protein. These improvements were associated with renal structural recovery. Taken together, our findings revealed that melatonin play a renoprotective role, at least in part, by suppressing ER stress and related pro-apoptotic IRE1α/JNK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Aouichat
- Department of Pharmacology, Biohealth Institute and Neurosciences Institute, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (S.A.); (P.A.-G.); (D.S.)
- Team of Cellular and Molecular Physiopathology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, El Alia, Algiers 16111, Algeria
| | - Miguel Navarro-Alarcon
- Department of Nutrition and Bromatology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
| | - Pablo Alarcón-Guijo
- Department of Pharmacology, Biohealth Institute and Neurosciences Institute, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (S.A.); (P.A.-G.); (D.S.)
| | - Diego Salagre
- Department of Pharmacology, Biohealth Institute and Neurosciences Institute, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (S.A.); (P.A.-G.); (D.S.)
| | - Marwa Ncir
- Bioactive Molecule Valorization Research Unit, Higher Institute of Applied Biology of Medenine, University of Gabes, Gabes 4119, Tunisia; (M.N.); (L.Z.)
| | - Lazhar Zourgui
- Bioactive Molecule Valorization Research Unit, Higher Institute of Applied Biology of Medenine, University of Gabes, Gabes 4119, Tunisia; (M.N.); (L.Z.)
| | - Ahmad Agil
- Department of Pharmacology, Biohealth Institute and Neurosciences Institute, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (S.A.); (P.A.-G.); (D.S.)
- Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada (ibs. GRANADA), University Hospital of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
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Owczarek A, Gieczewska KB, Polanska M, Paterczyk B, Gruza A, Winiarska K. Melatonin Lowers HIF-1α Content in Human Proximal Tubular Cells (HK-2) Due to Preventing Its Deacetylation by Sirtuin 1. Front Physiol 2021; 11:572911. [PMID: 33519498 PMCID: PMC7841413 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.572911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although melatonin is widely known for its nephroprotective properties, there are no reports clearly pointing at its impact on the activity of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), the main mediator of metabolic responses to hypoxia, in kidneys. The aim of the present study was to elucidate how melatonin affects the expression of the regulatory subunit HIF-1α in renal proximal tubules. HK-2 cells, immortalized human proximal tubular cells, were cultured under hypoxic conditions (1% O2). Melatonin was applied at 100 μM concentration. Protein and mRNA contents were determined by Western blot and RT-qPCR, respectively. HIF-1α acetylation level was established by means of immunoprecipitation followed by Western blot. Melatonin receptors MT1 and MT2 localization in HK-2 cells was visualized using immunofluorescence confocal analysis. It was found that melatonin in HK-2 cells (1) lowered HIF-1α protein, but not mRNA, content; (2) attenuated expression of HIF-1 target genes; (3) increased HIF-1α acetylation level; and (4) diminished sirtuin 1 expression (both protein and mRNA). Sirtuin 1 involvement in the regulation of HIF-1α level was confirmed applying cells with silenced Sirt1 gene. Moreover, the presence of membrane MT1 and MT2 receptors was identified in HK-2 cells and their ligand, ramelteon, turned out to mimic melatonin action on both HIF-1α and sirtuin 1 levels. Thus, it is concluded that the mechanism of melatonin-evoked decline in HIF-1α content in renal proximal tubular cells involves increased acetylation of this subunit which results from the attenuated expression of sirtuin 1, an enzyme reported to deacetylate HIF-1α. This observation provides a new insight to the understanding of melatonin action in kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Owczarek
- Department of Metabolic Regulation, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna B Gieczewska
- Department of Plant Anatomy and Cytology, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Polanska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Functional Biology and Ecology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bohdan Paterczyk
- Laboratory of Electron and Confocal Microscopy, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Gruza
- Department of Metabolic Regulation, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Winiarska
- Department of Metabolic Regulation, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Application of physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling to predict the pharmacokinetics of telavancin in obesity with renal impairment. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2021; 77:989-998. [PMID: 33447912 PMCID: PMC7808764 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-020-03072-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Purpose U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recommended telavancin dosing is based on total body weight (TBW) but lacks adjusted regimens for obese subjects with varying renal function. Our aim was to develop a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model of telavancin to design optimized dosing regimens for obese patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and varying renal function. Methods The PBPK model was verified using clinical pharmacokinetic (PK) data of telavancin in healthy populations with varying renal function and obese populations with normal renal function. Then, the PBPK model was applied to predict the PK in obese HAP patients with renal impairment (RI). Results The fold error values of PK parameters (AUC, Cmax, Tmax) were all within 1.5. The telavancin AUC0-inf was predicted to increase 1.07-fold in mild RI, 1.23-fold in moderate RI, 1.41-fold in severe RI, and 1.57-fold in end-stage renal disease (ESRD), compared with that in obese HAP with normal renal function. The PBPK model combined with Monte Carlo simulations (MCS) suggested that dose adjustment based on a 750-mg-fixed dose could achieve effectiveness with reduced risk of toxicity, compared with current TBW-based dosing recommendations. Conclusion The PBPK simulation proposed that using TBW-based regimen in obesity with RI should be avoided. Dose recommendations in obesity from the PBPK model are 750 mg daily for normal renal function and mild RI, 610 mg daily for moderate RI, 530 mg daily for severe RI, and 480 mg daily for ESRD. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00228-020-03072-y.
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Anti-Warburg Effect of Melatonin: A Proposed Mechanism to Explain its Inhibition of Multiple Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020764. [PMID: 33466614 PMCID: PMC7828708 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucose is an essential nutrient for every cell but its metabolic fate depends on cellular phenotype. Normally, the product of cytosolic glycolysis, pyruvate, is transported into mitochondria and irreversibly converted to acetyl coenzyme A by pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC). In some pathological cells, however, pyruvate transport into the mitochondria is blocked due to the inhibition of PDC by pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase. This altered metabolism is referred to as aerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect) and is common in solid tumors and in other pathological cells. Switching from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis provides diseased cells with advantages because of the rapid production of ATP and the activation of pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) which provides nucleotides required for elevated cellular metabolism. Molecules, called glycolytics, inhibit aerobic glycolysis and convert cells to a healthier phenotype. Glycolytics often function by inhibiting hypoxia-inducible factor-1α leading to PDC disinhibition allowing for intramitochondrial conversion of pyruvate into acetyl coenzyme A. Melatonin is a glycolytic which converts diseased cells to the healthier phenotype. Herein we propose that melatonin's function as a glycolytic explains its actions in inhibiting a variety of diseases. Thus, the common denominator is melatonin's action in switching the metabolic phenotype of cells.
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