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Moravcová M, Siatka T, Krčmová LK, Matoušová K, Mladěnka P. Biological properties of vitamin B 12. Nutr Res Rev 2024:1-33. [PMID: 39376196 DOI: 10.1017/s0954422424000210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/09/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin B12, cobalamin, is indispensable for humans owing to its participation in two biochemical reactions: the conversion of l-methylmalonyl coenzyme A to succinyl coenzyme A, and the formation of methionine by methylation of homocysteine. Eukaryotes, encompassing plants, fungi, animals and humans, do not synthesise vitamin B12, in contrast to prokaryotes. Humans must consume it in their diet. The most important sources include meat, milk and dairy products, fish, shellfish and eggs. Due to this, vegetarians are at risk to develop a vitamin B12 deficiency and it is recommended that they consume fortified food. Vitamin B12 behaves differently to most vitamins of the B complex in several aspects, e.g. it is more stable, has a very specific mechanism of absorption and is stored in large amounts in the organism. This review summarises all its biological aspects (including its structure and natural sources as well as its stability in food, pharmacokinetics and physiological function) as well as causes, symptoms, diagnosis (with a summary of analytical methods for its measurement), prevention and treatment of its deficiency, and its pharmacological use and potential toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Moravcová
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Siatka
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Kujovská Krčmová
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Matoušová
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Přemysl Mladěnka
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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Lev L, Petersen K, Roberts JL, Kupferer K, Werder S. Exploring the Impact of Folic Acid Supplementation and Vitamin B12 Deficiency on Maternal and Fetal Outcomes in Pregnant Women with Celiac Disease. Nutrients 2024; 16:3194. [PMID: 39339794 PMCID: PMC11435006 DOI: 10.3390/nu16183194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2024] [Revised: 09/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Celiac disease is a chronic small intestinal immune-mediated enteropathy precipitated by exposure to dietary gluten, affecting approximately 1% of the global population and two million Americans. An increasing number of studies have identified a link between celiac disease and adverse maternal and fetal outcomes during pregnancy and after birth. Additionally, both celiac disease and pregnancy are associated with an increased risk for nutrient deficiencies, specifically vitamin B12 and folate. Methods: This review examines the current literature related to the folate trap and vitamin B12 deficiency in patients with celiac disease and pregnant women independently and provides rationale for future research to explore the relationship between the folate-to-12 ratio in pregnant women with celiac disease. Results: Deficiencies in vitamin B12 are linked with several negative maternal and fetal health outcomes including pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes, spontaneous abortion/miscarriage, preterm birth, neural tube defects, intrauterine growth restriction, and low gestational age and birthweight. Conclusions: Folic acid supplementation is widely recommended during pregnancy, but complementary vitamin B12 supplementation is not standard. Physicians should consider celiac disease screening during pregnancy as well as vitamin B12 supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lily Lev
- Phoenix VA Health Care System, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; (K.P.); (J.L.R.); (K.K.); (S.W.)
| | - Katherine Petersen
- Phoenix VA Health Care System, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; (K.P.); (J.L.R.); (K.K.); (S.W.)
| | - Joseph L. Roberts
- Phoenix VA Health Care System, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; (K.P.); (J.L.R.); (K.K.); (S.W.)
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Kevin Kupferer
- Phoenix VA Health Care System, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; (K.P.); (J.L.R.); (K.K.); (S.W.)
| | - Steven Werder
- Phoenix VA Health Care System, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; (K.P.); (J.L.R.); (K.K.); (S.W.)
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Wang P, Yu J, Zhao Y, Simayi R, Shi D. The independent and joint associations of vitamin B12 and methylmalonic acid on the risk of mortality in individuals with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Eur J Nutr 2024:10.1007/s00394-024-03448-1. [PMID: 38864864 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03448-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the independent and joint associations of vitamin B12 and methylmalonic acid (MMA) with all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer mortality in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). METHODS We included 6797 individuals with MASLD from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Serum MMA was measured using gas/liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Serum vitamin B12 was measured using commercial kits. The separate and joint associations of dietary intake and serum vitamin B12 (cutoff: 400 pg/mL) and MMA (cutoff: 250 nmol/L) levels with mortality were assessed by Cox proportional hazards regression. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 9.3 years, 1604 deaths were documented, including 438 from CVD and 365 from cancer. In MASLD patients, dietary intake and serum vitamin B12 did not associate with mortality, while MMA was associated with a 1.35-fold increased risk of all-cause mortality (P-trend < 0.001). The adjusted hazard ratios for the joint association of vitamin B12 and MMA with all-cause and CVD mortality were 1 in the B12lowMMAlow group (reference), 1.02 (0.87-1.20) and 1.15 (0.90-1.47) in the B12highMMAlow group, 1.55 (1.29-1.86) and 1.84 (1.28-2.65) in the B12lowMMAhigh group, and 1.82 (1.49-2.21) and 2.28 (1.40-3.71) in the B12highMMAhigh group, respectively. The joint association was modified by serum folate (P-interaction = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS In MASLD patients, MMA rather than dietary and serum vitamin B12 was positively associated with all-cause mortality. The joint effect of high levels of MMA and vitamin B12 showed the strongest associations with all-cause and CVD mortality, with a significant interaction with serum folate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Department of Nutrition Food and Children's Health, School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yaxuan Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rukiya Simayi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dan Shi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
- Research Centre for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
- Nutrition Innovation Platform-Sichuan and Chongqing, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Association between diet quality index, food and nutrient intake and metabolic parameters in adolescents from Recife, northeastern Brazil. Br J Nutr 2022; 128:477-486. [PMID: 34511140 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521003573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Nutritional studies shifted the focus of attention to the analysis of food quality, addressing general diet considering the foods, food groups and nutrients included. This study evaluates the association between diet quality index, food and nutrient intake and metabolic parameters of adolescents from Recife, northeastern Brazil. It is a cross-sectional study involving adolescents aged 12 to 19 years. Food intake was assessed using the FFQ to estimate the adapted Diet Quality Index for Adolescents for Brazilians (DQIA-BR-A). The analysis included metabolic parameters (glucose, lipid profile, apo A1 and B, α-1-acid glycoprotein, retinol, β-carotene, α-tocopherol, 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathormone). Multiple linear regression analysis between the DQIA-BR-A and daily nutrient intake showed a positive correlation (R2adjusted = 0·29) for linoleic fatty acid, Ca and folate and a negative correlation for oleic fatty acid, carbohydrates and vitamins B2 and C, in addition to a low correlation (R2adjusted < 0·07) with all metabolic parameters. However, the DQIA-BR-A correlated significantly (R2adjusted = 0·62; P < 0·001) with food intake. In this way, the DQIA-BR-A can be considered as an accurate and useful instrument for assessing the overall quality of adolescent diets. The diet of the adolescents was considered to be of moderate quality. Changes are required to ensure a balanced diet, considering the high-sugar intake and consumption of sweets as well as the low consumption of vegetables, milk and dairy products, oils, fats and seeds. Such changes should prioritise the consumption of foods rich in essential fatty acids and poor in saturated fat.
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Lavriša Ž, Hristov H, Hribar M, Žmitek K, Kušar A, Koroušić Seljak B, Gregorič M, Blaznik U, Gregorič N, Zaletel K, Oblak A, Osredkar J, Pravst I. Dietary Intake and Status of Vitamin B12 in Slovenian Population. Nutrients 2022; 14:334. [PMID: 35057515 PMCID: PMC8781642 DOI: 10.3390/nu14020334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin B12 deficiency poses a health concern, especially in vulnerable populations. Dietary vitamin B12 intake was obtained by two 24 h dietary recalls and food propensity questionnaires in a representative Slovenian cross-sectional food consumption survey, SI.Menu (n = 1248 subjects; 10-74 years). For a subgroup of 280 participants, data on serum vitamin B12 were available through the Nutrihealth study. The estimated usual population-weighted mean daily vitamin B12 intakes were 6.2 µg (adults), 5.4 µg (adolescents), and 5.0 µg (elderly). Lower intakes were observed in females. Inadequate daily vitamin B12 intake (<4 µg) was detected in 37.3% of adolescents, 31.7% of adults, and 58.3% elderlies. The significant predictors for inadequate daily vitamin B12 intake were physical activity score in all age groups, sex in adolescents and adults, financial status and smoking in elderly, and employment in adults. Meat (products), followed by milk (products), made the highest vitamin B12 contribution in all age groups. In adolescents, another important vitamin B12 contributor was cereals. The mean population-weighted serum vitamin B12 levels were 322.1 pmol/L (adults) and 287.3 pmol/L (elderly). Low serum vitamin B12 concentration (<148 nmol/L) and high serum homocysteine (>15 µmol/L) were used as criteria for vitamin B12 deficiency. The highest deficiency prevalence was found in elderlies (7.0%), particularly in males (7.9%). Factors associated with high serum homocysteine were also investigated. In conclusion, although vitamin B12 status was generally not critical, additional attention should be focused particularly to the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Živa Lavriša
- Nutrition Institute, Tržaška Cesta 40, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (Ž.L.); (H.H.); (M.H.); (K.Ž.); (A.K.)
| | - Hristo Hristov
- Nutrition Institute, Tržaška Cesta 40, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (Ž.L.); (H.H.); (M.H.); (K.Ž.); (A.K.)
| | - Maša Hribar
- Nutrition Institute, Tržaška Cesta 40, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (Ž.L.); (H.H.); (M.H.); (K.Ž.); (A.K.)
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Katja Žmitek
- Nutrition Institute, Tržaška Cesta 40, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (Ž.L.); (H.H.); (M.H.); (K.Ž.); (A.K.)
- VIST–Faculty of Applied Sciences, Gerbičeva Cesta 51A, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anita Kušar
- Nutrition Institute, Tržaška Cesta 40, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (Ž.L.); (H.H.); (M.H.); (K.Ž.); (A.K.)
| | | | - Matej Gregorič
- National Institute of Public Health, Trubarjeva 2, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.G.); (U.B.)
| | - Urška Blaznik
- National Institute of Public Health, Trubarjeva 2, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.G.); (U.B.)
| | - Nadan Gregorič
- University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloška Cesta 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (N.G.); (K.Z.); (A.O.); (J.O.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Katja Zaletel
- University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloška Cesta 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (N.G.); (K.Z.); (A.O.); (J.O.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Adrijana Oblak
- University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloška Cesta 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (N.G.); (K.Z.); (A.O.); (J.O.)
| | - Joško Osredkar
- University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloška Cesta 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (N.G.); (K.Z.); (A.O.); (J.O.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva Cesta 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Igor Pravst
- Nutrition Institute, Tržaška Cesta 40, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (Ž.L.); (H.H.); (M.H.); (K.Ž.); (A.K.)
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- VIST–Faculty of Applied Sciences, Gerbičeva Cesta 51A, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Park S, Kang S, Sol Kim D. Folate and vitamin B-12 deficiencies additively impaired memory function and disturbed the gut microbiota in amyloid-β infused rats. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2019; 92:169-181. [PMID: 31841076 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Folate and vitamin B12(V-B12) deficiencies are associated with metabolic diseases that may impair memory function. We hypothesized that folate and V-B12 may differently alter mild cognitive impairment, glucose metabolism, and inflammation by modulating the gut microbiome in rats with Alzheimer's disease (AD)-like dementia. The hypothesis was examined in hippocampal amyloid-β infused rats, and its mechanism was explored. Rats that received an amyloid-β(25-35) infusion into the CA1 region of the hippocampus were fed either control(2.5 mg folate plus 25 μg V-B12/kg diet; AD-CON, n = 10), no folate(0 folate plus 25 μg V-B12/kg diet; AD-FA, n = 10), no V-B12(2.5 mg folate plus 0 μg V-B12/kg diet; AD-V-B12, n = 10), or no folate plus no V-B12(0 mg folate plus 0 μg V-B12/kg diet; AD-FAB12, n = 10) in high-fat diets for 8 weeks. AD-FA and AD-VB12 exacerbated bone mineral loss in the lumbar spine and femur whereas AD-FA lowered lean body mass in the hip compared to AD-CON(P < 0.05). Only AD-FAB12 exacerbated memory impairment by 1.3 and 1.4 folds, respectively, as measured by passive avoidance and water maze tests, compared to AD-CON(P < 0.01). Hippocampal insulin signaling and neuroinflammation were attenuated in AD-CON compared to Non-AD-CON. AD-FAB12 impaired the signaling (pAkt→pGSK-3β) and serum TNF-α and IL-1β levels the most among all groups. AD-CON decreased glucose tolerance by increasing insulin resistance compared to Non-AD-CON. AD-VB12 and AD-FAB12 increased insulin resistance by 1.2 and 1.3 folds, respectively, compared to the AD-CON. AD-CON and Non-AD-CON had a separate communities of gut microbiota. The relative counts of Bacteroidia were lower and those of Clostridia were higher in AD-CON than Non-AD-CON. AD-FA, but not V-B12, separated the gut microbiome community compared to AD-CON and AD-VB12(P = 0.009). In conclusion, folate and B-12 deficiencies impaired memory function by impairing hippocampal insulin signaling and gut microbiota in AD rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunmin Park
- Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Research Center, Hoseo University, Asan, South Korea
| | - Sunna Kang
- Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Research Center, Hoseo University, Asan, South Korea
| | - Da Sol Kim
- Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Research Center, Hoseo University, Asan, South Korea
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McKee SE, Reyes TM. Effect of supplementation with methyl-donor nutrients on neurodevelopment and cognition: considerations for future research. Nutr Rev 2019; 76:497-511. [PMID: 29701796 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuy007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy represents a critical period in fetal development, such that the prenatal environment can, in part, establish a lifelong trajectory of health or disease for the offspring. Poor nutrition (macro- or micronutrient deficiencies) can adversely affect brain development and significantly increase offspring risk for metabolic and neurological disease development. The concentration of dietary methyl-donor nutrients is known to alter DNA methylation in the brain, and alterations in DNA methylation can have long-lasting effects on gene expression and neuronal function. The decreased availability of methyl-donor nutrients to the developing fetus in models of poor maternal nutrition is one mechanism hypothesized to link maternal malnutrition and disease risk in offspring. Animal studies indicate that supplementation of both maternal and postnatal (early- and later-life) diets with methyl-donor nutrients can attenuate disease risk in offspring; however, clinical research is more equivocal. The objective of this review is to summarize how specific methyl-donor nutrient deficiencies and excesses during pre- and postnatal life alter neurodevelopment and cognition. Emphasis is placed on reviewing the current literature, highlighting challenges within nutrient supplementation research, and considering potential strategies to ensure robust findings in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E McKee
- Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Teresa M Reyes
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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Aparicio-Ugarriza R, Cuenca-García M, Gonzalez-Gross M, Julián C, Bel-Serrat S, Moreno LA, Breidenassel C, Kersting M, Arouca AB, Michels N, Mouratidou T, Manios Y, Dallongeville J, Gottrand F, Widhalm K, Kafatos A, Molnár D, De Henauw S, Gunter MJ, Huybrechts I. Relative validation of the adapted Mediterranean Diet Score for Adolescents by comparison with nutritional biomarkers and nutrient and food intakes: the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) study. Public Health Nutr 2019; 22:2381-2397. [PMID: 31204628 PMCID: PMC10260553 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980019001022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether adherence to the adapted Mediterranean Diet Score for Adolescents (MDS_A) and the adapted Mediterranean Diet Quality Index for Adolescents (KIDMED_A) is associated with better food/nutrient intakes and nutritional biomarkers. DESIGN The Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) study is a cross-sectional study aiming to obtain comparable data on a variety of nutritional and health-related parameters in European adolescents aged 12·5-17·5 years. SETTING Nine European countries. PARTICIPANTS European adolescents (n 2330) recruited to the HELENA study. Dietary intake was obtained with 24 h dietary recalls, an FFQ and a Food Choices and Preferences questionnaire. MDS_A was calculated as a categorical variable using cut-offs (MDS_A), as a continuous variable (zMDS_A) and with energy adjustments (zEnMDS_A). The KIDMED_A score was also calculated. RESULTS Multilevel linear regression analysis showed positive associations for zMDS_A and KIDMED_A with serum levels of vitamin D, vitamin C, plasma folate, holo-transcobalamin, β-carotene and n-3 fatty acids, while negative associations were observed with trans-fatty acid serum levels. For categorical indices, blood biomarkers showed few significant results. zMDS_A and KIDMED_A showed positive associations with vegetables and fruits intake, and negative associations with energy-dense and low-nutritious foods. zMDS_A and KIDMED_A were positively associated with all macronutrients, vitamins and minerals (all P < 0·0001), except with monosaccharides and PUFA for KIDMED_A and cholesterol for both indices (P < 0·05). CONCLUSIONS zMDS_A and KIDMED_A have shown the strongest associations with the dietary indicators and biomarkers that have been associated with the Mediterranean diet before, and are therefore considered the most appropriate and valid Mediterranean diet scores for European adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Aparicio-Ugarriza
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte (INEF), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Magdalena Cuenca-García
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, Granada University, Granada, Spain
- Department of Physical Education, School of Education, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain
| | - Marcela Gonzalez-Gross
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte (INEF), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Julián
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group. Faculty of Health Sciences (FCS). Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2). Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), University of Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Silvia Bel-Serrat
- National Nutrition Surveillance Centre, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Luis A Moreno
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group. Faculty of Health Sciences (FCS). Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2). Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), University of Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Christina Breidenassel
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte (INEF), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Institut für Ernährungs- und Lebensmittelwissenschaften-Humanernährung, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Aline B Arouca
- Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Theodora Mouratidou
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group. Faculty of Health Sciences (FCS). Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2). Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), University of Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Yannis Manios
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Jean Dallongeville
- Inserm U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
| | | | - Kurt Widhalm
- Division of Clinical Nutrition and Prevention, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anthony Kafatos
- Preventive Medicine and Nutrition Clinic, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Denes Molnár
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Stefaan De Henauw
- Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Health Sciences, Vesalius, Hogeschool Gent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marc J Gunter
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Inge Huybrechts
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372Lyon Cedex 08, France
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Úbeda N, Partearroyo T, Varela-Moreiras G. Adequate or elevated dietary folate does not ameliorate the reduced antioxidant capacity induced by vitamin B 12 deficiency in aged rats. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2019; 90:239-248. [PMID: 30747607 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Folate could have an antioxidant role but also may be detrimental under vitamin B12 deficiency. The aim was to investigate the effect of different dietary folic acid (FA) levels, on oxidative stress in B12 induced deficient aged rats. Thirty-five male aged Sprague-Dawley rats, were fed either a vitamin B12 deficient (n = 27) or a control diet (n = 8) during eight weeks. Then, animals were divided into four groups: B12 and FA deficient diet (DBDF), B12 deficient diet and FA control diet (DBCF), B12 deficient diet and FA supplemented diet (DBSF), and control diet (CBCF) for a 30 days period. Methionine metabolism and antioxidant status were evaluated. Both vitamins deficiencies elevated serum homocysteine (Hcy) (7.7 vs. 4.3 μmol/L, p < 0.05) and reduced S-adenosylmethionine hepatic content (283.7 vs. 581.9 μg/g protein, p < 0.05), the total antioxidant capacity (155.7 vs. 189.3 μmol/L, p < 0.05), glutathione (GSH) (120.5 vs. 419.9 μg/mg protein, p < 0.05) and oxidized glutathione (0.9 vs. 2.6 μg/mg protein, p < 0.05) compared to control. Activities of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase enzymes or damage to macromolecules were unaffected. Adequate or elevated dietary FA in B12 deficiency rats decreased Hcy (5.7 and 6.3 μmol/L, respectively) and increased total antioxidant capacity (189.8 and 192.6 μmol/L, respectively) to values similar to control group, whereas GSH concentration was significantly lower than control (209.1 and 208.0 μg/mg protein respectively, p < 0.05). In conclusion, in a vitamin B12 deficiency status, adequate or elevated FA prevented impairment in one-carbon metabolism, but does not fully reverse the decrease in antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Úbeda
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences. Universidad CEU San Pablo, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Partearroyo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences. Universidad CEU San Pablo, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gregorio Varela-Moreiras
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences. Universidad CEU San Pablo, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
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Gylling B, Myte R, Ulvik A, Ueland PM, Midttun Ø, Schneede J, Hallmans G, Häggström J, Johansson I, Van Guelpen B, Palmqvist R. One-carbon metabolite ratios as functional B-vitamin markers and in relation to colorectal cancer risk. Int J Cancer 2018; 144:947-956. [PMID: 29786139 PMCID: PMC6587534 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
One‐carbon metabolism biomarkers are easily measured in plasma, but analyzing them one at a time in relation to disease does not take into account the interdependence of the many factors involved. The relative dynamics of major one‐carbon metabolism branches can be assessed by relating the functional B‐vitamin marker total homocysteine (tHcy) to transsulfuration (total cysteine) and methylation (creatinine) outputs. We validated the ratios of tHcy to total cysteine (Hcy:Cys), tHcy to creatinine (Hcy:Cre) and tHcy to cysteine to creatinine (Hcy:Cys:Cre) as functional markers of B‐vitamin status. We also calculated the associations of these ratios to colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. Furthermore, the relative contribution of potential confounders to the variance of the ratio‐based B‐vitamin markers was calculated by linear regression in a nested case–control study of 613 CRC cases and 1,190 matched controls. Total B‐vitamin status was represented by a summary score comprising Z‐standardized plasma concentrations of folate, cobalamin, betaine, pyridoxal 5′‐phosphate and riboflavin. Associations with CRC risk were estimated using conditional logistic regression. We found that the ratio‐based B‐vitamin markers all outperformed tHcy as markers of total B‐vitamin status, in both CRC cases and controls. In addition, associations with CRC risk were similar for the ratio‐based B‐vitamin markers and total B‐vitamin status (approximately 25% lower risk for high vs. low B‐vitamin status). In conclusion, ratio‐based B‐vitamin markers were good predictors of total B‐vitamin status and displayed similar associations as total B‐vitamin status with CRC risk. Since tHcy and creatinine are routinely clinically analyzed, Hcy:Cre could be easily implemented in clinical practice. What's new? While total homocysteine (tHcy) levels are an important biomarker of B‐vitamin status and may be predictive for colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, they are influenced by a variety of factors, such as age, sex, and lifestyle. Here, tHcy was compared to ratio‐based biomarkers of total B‐vitamin status to assess functionality and relation to CRC risk. In CRC patients and controls, the ratio‐based markers outperformed tHcy as indicators of total B‐vitamin status. Their association with CRC risk was similar to that of total B‐vitamin status. Ratio‐based biomarkers could fill a valuable role in assessments of functional B‐vitamin levels and disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn Gylling
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Robin Myte
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Arve Ulvik
- Bevital AS, Laboratory building, Bergen, Norway
| | - Per M Ueland
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen and Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Jörn Schneede
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacology and Clinical Neurosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Göran Hallmans
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jenny Häggström
- Department of Statistics, Umeå School of Business and Economics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | | | - Richard Palmqvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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11
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Ghosh S, Sinha JK, Muralikrishna B, Putcha UK, Raghunath M. Chronic transgenerational vitamin B12 deficiency of severe and moderate magnitudes modulates adiposity-probable underlying mechanisms. Biofactors 2017; 43:400-414. [PMID: 28186655 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We have demonstrated previously that severe but not moderate vitamin B12 deficiency altered body composition and induced adiposity in female C57BL/6 mice. This study aims to elucidate the effects of chronic transgenerational dietary vitamin B12 restriction on body composition and various biochemical parameters in the F1 generation offspring of our mouse models of severe and moderate vitamin B12 deficiency established earlier. Female weanling C57BL/6 mice received, ad libitum, for 4 weeks a (i) control diet, (ii) vitamin B12-restricted diet with pectin as dietary fiber (severely deficient diet), or (iii) vitamin B12-restricted diet with cellulose as dietary fiber (moderately deficient diet) and then mated with control males. The offspring of control and severely deficient dams continued on the respective diets of their mothers. Few moderately deficient dams were rehabilitated to control diet from parturition and their pups were weaned to control diet. Also, some offspring born to moderately B12 deficient dams were weaned to control diet, while others continued on the same diet as their mothers. Various parameters were determined in the F1 offspring after 12 and 36 weeks of feeding. The results indicate that both severe and moderate maternal vitamin B12 restrictions were associated with accelerated catch-up growth, increased body fat percentage, visceral adiposity, dyslipidemia, fasting hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in the F1 offspring. Inflammation, increased glucocorticoid and oxidative stress and poor antioxidant defence probably underlie these adverse effects. Rehabilitation from parturition but not weaning was beneficial in delaying the onset of the adverse outcomes in the offspring. © 2016 BioFactors, 43(3):400-414, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shampa Ghosh
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Division, National Institute of Nutrition (NIN), ICMR, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Jitendra Kumar Sinha
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Division, National Institute of Nutrition (NIN), ICMR, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Bojanapalli Muralikrishna
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Division, National Institute of Nutrition (NIN), ICMR, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Uday Kumar Putcha
- Pathology Division, National Institute of Nutrition (NIN), ICMR, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Manchala Raghunath
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Division, National Institute of Nutrition (NIN), ICMR, Hyderabad, 500007, India
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12
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McKee SE, Grissom NM, Herdt CT, Reyes TM. Methyl donor supplementation alters cognitive performance and motivation in female offspring from high-fat diet-fed dams. FASEB J 2017; 31:2352-2363. [PMID: 28209774 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201601172r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
During gestation, fetal nutrition is entirely dependent on maternal diet. Maternal consumption of excess fat during pregnancy has been linked to an increased risk of neurologic disorders in offspring, including attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism, and schizophrenia. In a mouse model, high-fat diet (HFD)-fed offspring have cognitive and executive function deficits as well as whole-genome DNA and promoter-specific hypomethylation in multiple brain regions. Dietary methyl donor supplementation during pregnancy or adulthood has been used to alter DNA methylation and behavior. Given that extensive brain development occurs during early postnatal life-particularly within the prefrontal cortex (PFC), a brain region critical for executive function-we examined whether early life methyl donor supplementation (e.g., during adolescence) could ameliorate executive function deficits observed in offspring that were exposed to maternal HFD. By using operant testing, progressive ratio, and the PFC-dependent 5-choice serial reaction timed task (5-CSRTT), we determined that F1 female offspring (B6D2F1/J) from HFD-fed dams have decreased motivation (decreased progressive ratio breakpoint) and require a longer stimulus length to complete the 5-CSRTT task successfully, whereas early life methyl donor supplementation increased motivation and shortened the minimum stimulus length required for a correct response in the 5-CSRTT. Of interest, we found that expression of 2 chemokines, CCL2 and CXCL10, correlated with the median stimulus length in the 5-CSRTT. Furthermore, we found that acute adult supplementation of methyl donors increased motivation in HFD-fed offspring and those who previously received supplementation with methyl donors. These data point to early life as a sensitive time during which dietary methyl donor supplementation can alter PFC-dependent cognitive behaviors.-McKee, S. E., Grissom, N. M., Herdt, C. T., Reyes, T. M. Methyl donor supplementation alters cognitive performance and motivation in female offspring from high-fat diet-fed dams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E McKee
- Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nicola M Grissom
- Department of Psychology, College of Liberal Arts, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Christopher T Herdt
- Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Teresa M Reyes
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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13
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Crott JW. Effects of altered parental folate and one-carbon nutrient status on offspring growth and metabolism. Mol Aspects Med 2016; 53:28-35. [PMID: 27865887 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jimmy W Crott
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington St., Boston, MA, United States.
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14
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Shahab-Ferdows S, Engle-Stone R, Hampel D, Ndjebayi AO, Nankap M, Brown KH, Allen LH. Regional, Socioeconomic, and Dietary Risk Factors for Vitamin B-12 Deficiency Differ from Those for Folate Deficiency in Cameroonian Women and Children. J Nutr 2015; 145:2587-95. [PMID: 26446486 DOI: 10.3945/jn.115.210195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Representative data on folate and vitamin B-12 dietary intake and status in low-income countries are rare, despite the widespread adoption of folic acid fortification. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate folate and vitamin B-12 intake, status, and risk factors for deficiency before implementation of a national fortification program in Cameroon. METHODS A nationally representative cross-sectional cluster survey was conducted in 3 ecologic zones of Cameroon (South, North, and the 2 largest cities, Yaoundé/Douala), and information on dietary intake was collected from 10 households in each of 30 randomly selected clusters per zone. In a subset of women and their 12- to 59-mo-old children (n = 396 pairs), plasma folate and vitamin B-12, as well as breast milk vitamin B-12, were analyzed. RESULTS Vitamin B-12 and folate dietary intake patterns and plasma concentrations were similar for women and children. In the subsample, 18% and 29% of women and 8% and 30% of children were vitamin B-12 (≤ 221 pmol/L) and folate (< 10 nmol/L) deficient, respectively. Mean dietary folate ranged from 351 μg dietary folate equivalents/d in the North to 246 μg dietary folate equivalents/d in Yaoundé/Douala; plasma folate was negatively associated with socioeconomic status (P = 0.001). Plasma vitamin B-12 deficiency was similar in the South and North, 29% and 40%, respectively, but was only 11% in Yaoundé/Douala, and was positively associated with socioeconomic status. Mean breast milk vitamin B-12 was statistically significantly lower in the North (101 pmol/L) than in the South (296 pmol/L) or Yaoundé/Douala (349 pmol/L). CONCLUSIONS Folate intake and status are inadequate among women and young children in Yaoundé/Douala, whereas low vitamin B-12 intake and status are more common in poor and rural areas, especially in the North. Different strategies may be needed to control deficiency of these nutrients in different regions of Cameroon.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Reina Engle-Stone
- Program in International and Community Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; and
| | - Daniela Hampel
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA
| | | | | | - Kenneth H Brown
- Program in International and Community Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; and
| | - Lindsay H Allen
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA; Program in International and Community Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA; and
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15
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Mitchell ES, Conus N, Kaput J. B vitamin polymorphisms and behavior: evidence of associations with neurodevelopment, depression, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and cognitive decline. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2014; 47:307-20. [PMID: 25173634 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The B vitamins folic acid, vitamin B12 and B6 are essential for neuronal function, and severe deficiencies have been linked to increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders, psychiatric disease and dementia. Polymorphisms of genes involved in B vitamin absorption, metabolism and function, such as methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), cystathionine β synthase (CβS), transcobalamin 2 receptor (TCN2) and methionine synthase reductase (MTRR), have also been linked to increased incidence of psychiatric and cognitive disorders. However, the effects of these polymorphisms are often quite small and many studies failed to show any meaningful or consistent associations. This review discusses previous findings from clinical studies and highlights gaps in knowledge. Future studies assessing B vitamin-associated polymorphisms must take into account not just traditional demographics, but subjects' overall diet, relevant biomarkers of nutritional status and also analyze related genetic factors that may exacerbate behavioral effects or nutritional status.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Siobhan Mitchell
- Nestle Institute of Health Science, Innovation Park, EPFL Campus, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland.
| | - Nelly Conus
- Nestle Institute of Health Science, Innovation Park, EPFL Campus, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Jim Kaput
- Nestle Institute of Health Science, Innovation Park, EPFL Campus, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
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16
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Graulet
- INRA, UMR1213 Herbivores, Centre INRA de Clermont-Ferrand/Theix, F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
- Université de Clermont, VetAgro Sup, UMR Herbivores, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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17
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Matte JJ, Britten M, Girard CL. The importance of milk as a source of vitamin B12 for human nutrition. Anim Front 2014. [DOI: 10.2527/af.2014-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J. J. Matte
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Dairy and Swine Research and Development Centre, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - M. Britten
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Food Research and Development Centre, St-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - C. L. Girard
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Dairy and Swine Research and Development Centre, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
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18
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Dwarkanath P, Barzilay JR, Thomas T, Thomas A, Bhat S, Kurpad AV. High folate and low vitamin B-12 intakes during pregnancy are associated with small-for-gestational age infants in South Indian women: a prospective observational cohort study. Am J Clin Nutr 2013; 98:1450-8. [PMID: 24108785 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.112.056382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Folic acid supplementation in those with a low vitamin B-12 intake or status may have adverse effects. These effects are unknown with regard to birth outcome in pregnant Indian women who are routinely supplemented with high doses of folic acid. OBJECTIVE The objective was to examine the association of unbalanced vitamin B-12 and total folate (folic acid supplement + dietary folate) intakes during pregnancy with outcomes in small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants. DESIGN This was a prospective observational cohort study of 1838 pregnant women in South India. Low intake of dietary vitamin B-12 in the presence of high total folate intake was examined as the ratio of vitamin B-12 intake to total folate intake. RESULTS The inadequacy of vitamin B-12 intake (<1.2 μg/d) assessed by a food-frequency questionnaire in the first, second, and third trimesters of pregnancy was 25%, 11%, and 10%, respectively. Multivariate log binomial regression showed that low vitamin B-12 and folate intakes in the first trimester were independently associated with a higher risk of SGA. In a subgroup of women with high supplemental folic acid intakes in the second trimester, those with the lowest tertile of vitamin B-12:folate ratio had a higher risk of SGA outcome than did those in the highest tertile (adjusted RR: 2.73; 95% CI: 1.17, 6.37). A similar trend was observed in the analysis of blood micronutrient status in a random subset (n = 316) of the sample. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that, in addition to vitamin B-12 and folate deficiencies alone, there may be adverse birth outcomes associated with unbalanced vitamin B-12 and folate intakes or status during pregnancy. These findings have important implications for the antenatal B vitamin supplementation policy in India. This trial was registered at the Clinical Trial Registry of India as 2013/07/005342.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Dwarkanath
- Division of Nutrition (PD and AVK) and the Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit (TT), St John's Research Institute, St John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Bangalore, India; Harvard College, Cambridge, MA (JRB); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St John's Medical College, St John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Bangalore, India (AT); and the Department of Pediatrics, St John's Medical College, St John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Bangalore, India (SB)
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Cho K, Choi WS, Crane CL, Park CS. Pubertal supplementation of lipotropes in female rats reduces mammary cancer risk by suppressing histone deacetylase 1. Eur J Nutr 2013; 53:1139-43. [PMID: 24276224 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-013-0626-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/16/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The time from puberty to the first pregnancy is known to be important for a woman's life-time breast cancer risk. Recent studies suggest that epigenetic mechanisms may involve pubertal maturation processes, which can affect the risk of breast cancer in later life. Epigenetic alterations are related to lipotropes (methionine, choline, folate, and vitamin B12), which are methyl donors and cofactors. However, the effects of pubertal supplementation of lipotropes in breast cancer remain largely unknown. METHODS Twenty female Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 6 weeks, were divided into two groups and fed a normal control diet or a lipotrope-fortified diet formulated to provide five times basal levels of lipotropes during puberty. All rats were injected intraperitoneally with N-nitroso-N-methylurea at 50 days of age to induce mammary tumors. RESULTS Tumor multiplicity and tumor volume decreased significantly as a result of lipotrope supplementation. Interestingly, quantitative RT-PCR revealed significantly decreased expression of histone deacetylase 1 (Hdac1) and DNA methyltransferase 1 (Dnmt1) genes in tumor tissues of the rats supplemented with lipotrope-fortified diet, suggesting that reduced risk of breast cancer can be attributed, at least in part, to decreased expression of these two genes. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that supplementation of lipotrope-fortified diet during puberty suppresses tumor growth, potentially through down-regulating Hdac1 and Dnmt1 gene expression. Our findings suggest that pubertal methyl diet plays an important role in the etiology of breast cancer, and further studies are warranted to develop preventative strategies against breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyongshin Cho
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, 1300 Albrecht Avenue, Fargo, ND, 58102, USA,
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20
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Imbard A, Benoist JF, Blom HJ. Neural tube defects, folic acid and methylation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2013; 10:4352-89. [PMID: 24048206 PMCID: PMC3799525 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph10094352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2013] [Revised: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Neural tube defects (NTDs) are common complex congenital malformations resulting from failure of the neural tube closure during embryogenesis. It is established that folic acid supplementation decreases the prevalence of NTDs, which has led to national public health policies regarding folic acid. To date, animal studies have not provided sufficient information to establish the metabolic and/or genomic mechanism(s) underlying human folic acid responsiveness in NTDs. However, several lines of evidence suggest that not only folates but also choline, B12 and methylation metabolisms are involved in NTDs. Decreased B12 vitamin and increased total choline or homocysteine in maternal blood have been shown to be associated with increased NTDs risk. Several polymorphisms of genes involved in these pathways have also been implicated in risk of development of NTDs. This raises the question whether supplementation with B12 vitamin, betaine or other methylation donors in addition to folic acid periconceptional supplementation will further reduce NTD risk. The objective of this article is to review the role of methylation metabolism in the onset of neural tube defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apolline Imbard
- Biochemistry-Hormonology Laboratory, Robert Debré Hospital, APHP, 48 bd Serrurier, Paris 75019, France; E-Mail:
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, VU Free University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands; E-Mail:
| | - Jean-François Benoist
- Biochemistry-Hormonology Laboratory, Robert Debré Hospital, APHP, 48 bd Serrurier, Paris 75019, France; E-Mail:
| | - Henk J. Blom
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, VU Free University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands; E-Mail:
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Aaron GJ, Laillou A, Wolfson J, Moench-Pfanner R. Fortification of staple cereal flours with iron and other micronutrients: cost implications of following World Health Organization-endorsed recommendations. Food Nutr Bull 2013; 33:S336-43. [PMID: 23444715 DOI: 10.1177/15648265120334s310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wheat and maize flours are widely used delivery vehicles for mass fortification. In lower-income countries, most, if not all, national-level cereal flour fortification programs routinely fortify with iron; however, cofortification with other micronutrients is common. Little information is available on the cost implications programs face when considering current fortification practices versus what the World Health Organization (WHO) interim consensus statement recommends. OBJECTIVE The objectives of the present paper are to provide information on the costs of adding different chemical forms of iron and/or other micronutrients to premix formulations, and to discuss some of the issues that should be considered regarding which micronutrients to include in the premix. METHODS Nine countries in Latin America, Africa, and Asia (three countries per region) that currently cofortify with multiple micronutrients including iron were selected based on low (< 75 g/day), medium (75 to 149 g/day), and high (> or = 150 g/day) mean population flour consumption levels. Premix costs per metric ton of flour produced were estimated for improving iron formulations and for following WHO recommendations for other micronutrients. RESULTS For the selected programs to maintain current premix formulations and improve iron compounds, premix costs would increase by between 155% and 343% when the iron compound was switched from electrolytic iron to sodium iron ethylenediaminetetraacetate (NaFeEDTA), by 6% to 50% when it was switched from electrolytic iron to ferrous sulfate, and by 4% to 13 when iron addition rates were adjusted without switching the compound. To meet WHO recommendations for other micronutrients, premix costs would increase the most when the amounts of vitamins B12 and A were increased. CONCLUSIONS For programs that currently cofortify with iron and additional micronutrients, the quality of the iron fortificant should not be overlooked simply to be able to afford to add more micronutrients to the premix. Micronutrients should be selected according to population needs, costs, and potential beneficial synergistic reactions the added micronutrients may have.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant J Aaron
- Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN), P.O. Box 55, Geneva 1211, Switzerland.
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Abstract
It is estimated that by 2050 there will be 2 billion people aged 60 years and older in the world. The evidence base for the health benefits of good nutrition and physical activity, as well as weight loss among overweight and obese adults, is growing and a number of policies and guidelines are available to guide health professionals in serving older people at various stages of the lifecycle. There are many potential influences on dietary habits including individual factors, families and friends, community characteristics, the food and supplement industry, and public policy. This review focuses on the evidence base for factors influencing diet in older adults, food insecurity, Na, vitamin D, vitamin B12, protein, obesity and the benefits of energy restriction in overweight and obese older adults. Research is needed to continue to increase the evidence base for appropriate ways to improve diet and health in older people. Also, much of the available information is from the US, so there is a need to conduct research in other areas of the world.
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Validation of the Diet Quality Index for Adolescents by comparison with biomarkers, nutrient and food intakes: the HELENA study. Br J Nutr 2012; 109:2067-78. [PMID: 23110799 DOI: 10.1017/s000711451200414x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Food-based dietary guidelines (FBDG) aim to address the nutritional requirements at population level in order to prevent diseases and promote a healthy lifestyle. Diet quality indices can be used to assess the compliance with these FBDG. The present study aimed to investigate whether the newly developed Diet Quality Index for Adolescents (DQI-A) is a good surrogate measure for adherence to FBDG, and whether adherence to these FBDG effectively leads to better nutrient intakes and nutritional biomarkers in adolescents. Participants included 1804 European adolescents who were recruited in the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) Study. Dietary intake was assessed by two, non-consecutive 24 h recalls. A DQI-A score, considering the components' dietary quality, diversity and equilibrium, was calculated. Associations between the DQI-A and food and nutrient intakes and blood concentration biomarkers were investigated using multilevel regression analysis corrected for centre, age and sex. DQI-A scores were associated with food intake in the expected direction: positive associations with nutrient-dense food items, such as fruits and vegetables, and inverse associations with energy-dense and low-nutritious foods. On the nutrient level, the DQI-A was positively related to the intake of water, fibre and most minerals and vitamins. No association was found between the DQI-A and total fat intake. Furthermore, a positive association was observed with 25-hydroxyvitamin D, holo-transcobalamin and n-3 fatty acid serum levels. The present study has shown good validity of the DQI-A by confirming the expected associations with food and nutrient intakes and some biomarkers in blood.
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Shahab-Ferdows S, Anaya-Loyola MA, Vergara-Castañeda H, Rosado JL, Keyes WR, Newman JW, Miller JW, Allen LH. Vitamin B-12 supplementation of rural Mexican women changes biochemical vitamin B-12 status indicators but does not affect hematology or a bone turnover marker. J Nutr 2012; 142:1881-7. [PMID: 22915298 DOI: 10.3945/jn.112.165712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A high prevalence of low serum vitamin B-12 concentrations has been reported in studies and surveys in Latin America including Mexico, but the functional consequences are unknown. This randomized controlled trial assessed the response to a high-dose vitamin B-12 supplementation of women in rural Querétaro, Mexico. Participants aged 20-59 y were stratified at baseline to deficient, marginal, and adequate status groups (serum vitamin B-12, 75-148, 149-220, and >220 pmol/L, respectively), and each group was randomized to vitamin B-12 treatment (single dose of 1 mg i.m. then 500 μg/d orally for 3 mo, n = 70) or placebo (n = 62). Measures at baseline and 3 mo included: complete blood count, serum vitamin B-12, holotranscobalamin (holoTC), folate, ferritin, C-reactive protein (CRP), bone alkaline phosphatase, and methylmalonic acid (MMA) and plasma total homocysteine (tHcy). At baseline, 11% of the women were vitamin B-12 deficient and 22% had marginal status. HoloTC was low (<35 pmol/L) in 23% and correlated with serum vitamin B-12 (r = 0.7; P < 0.001). Elevated MMA (>271 nmol/L) and tHcy (>12 μmol/L) occurred in 21 and 31%, respectively, and correlated with serum vitamin B-12 (r = -0.28, P < 0.0007 and r = -0.20, P < 0.01, respectively). Supplementation increased serum vitamin B-12 and holoTC and lowered MMA and tHcy, normalizing all values except for elevated tHcy in 21% of the women. Supplementation did not affect hematology or bone-specific alkaline phosphatase. Vitamin B-12 supplementation normalized biochemical indicators of vitamin B-12 status in the treatment group but did not affect the functional outcomes measured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Setareh Shahab-Ferdows
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA, USA
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Folate and Alzheimer: when time matters. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2012; 120:211-24. [DOI: 10.1007/s00702-012-0822-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2012] [Accepted: 05/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Seabolt L, Spence TB, Silver HJ. Consistent prevalence of inadequate micronutrient intakes across six years of second-year medical school students. Health (London) 2012. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2012.47058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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van Wijngaarden JP, Dhonukshe-Rutten RAM, van Schoor NM, van der Velde N, Swart KMA, Enneman AW, van Dijk SC, Brouwer-Brolsma EM, Zillikens MC, van Meurs JBJ, Brug J, Uitterlinden AG, Lips P, de Groot LCPGM. Rationale and design of the B-PROOF study, a randomized controlled trial on the effect of supplemental intake of vitamin B12 and folic acid on fracture incidence. BMC Geriatr 2011; 11:80. [PMID: 22136481 PMCID: PMC3266639 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2318-11-80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2011] [Accepted: 12/02/2011] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoporosis is a major health problem, and the economic burden is expected to rise due to an increase in life expectancy throughout the world. Current observational evidence suggests that an elevated homocysteine concentration and poor vitamin B12 and folate status are associated with an increased fracture risk. As vitamin B12 and folate intake and status play a large role in homocysteine metabolism, it is hypothesized that supplementation with these B-vitamins will reduce fracture incidence in elderly people with an elevated homocysteine concentration. Methods/Design The B-PROOF (B-Vitamins for the PRevention Of Osteoporotic Fractures) study is a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. The intervention comprises a period of two years, and includes 2919 subjects, aged 65 years and older, independently living or institutionalized, with an elevated homocysteine concentration (≥ 12 μmol/L). One group receives daily a tablet with 500 μg vitamin B12 and 400 μg folic acid and the other group receives a placebo tablet. In both tablets 15 μg (600 IU) vitamin D is included. The primary outcome of the study is osteoporotic fractures. Measurements are performed at baseline and after two years and cover bone health i.e. bone mineral density and bone turnover markers, physical performance and physical activity including falls, nutritional intake and status, cognitive function, depression, genetics and quality of life. This large multi-center project is carried out by a consortium from the Erasmus MC (Rotterdam, the Netherlands), VUmc (Amsterdam, the Netherlands) and Wageningen University, (Wageningen, the Netherlands), the latter acting as coordinator. Discussion To our best knowledge, the B-PROOF study is the first intervention study in which the effect of vitamin B12 and folic acid supplementation on osteoporotic fractures is studied in a general elderly population. We expect the first longitudinal results of the B-PROOF intervention in the second semester of 2013. The results of this intervention will provide evidence on the efficacy of vitamin B12 and folate supplementation in the prevention of osteoporotic fractures. Trial Registration The B-PROOF study is registered with the Netherlands Trial (NTR NTR1333) and with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00696514).
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Affiliation(s)
- Janneke P van Wijngaarden
- Department of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, P,O, Box 8129 6700 EV Wageningen, the Netherlands.
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